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JOURNALS
OF THE
PROVnCIAl CONGRESS,
PROVINCIAL CONVENTION,
COMMITTEE OF SAFETY AND COUNCIL OF SAFETY
OF THE
STATE OF NEW-YORK.
1775-1776-1777.
Vol. II.
ALBANY:
PRINTED BY THURLOW WEED, PRINTER TO THE STATE.
1842.
r
I certify that this second volume of the Journals of the Provincial Congress, Provincial Convention,
Committee of Safety, and Council of Safety, containing the correspondence of those bodies, is printed
in pursuance of a resolution of the Legislature.
WILLIAM H. SEWARD.
Albany, January \st, 1842.
CORRESPONDENCE
OF THE
PROVINCIAL C O N G R E S S, &c. &c
OFFICERS APPOINTED BY THE CONGRESS.
GEORGE WASHINGTON, Esqr. General and Commander-in-Chief
of all the forces raised or to be raised for the defence of American liberty.
Artemas Ward, Esqr.^first Major-General.
Charles Lee, Esqr. second Major-General.
Philip Schuyler, Esqr. third Major-General.
Israel Putnam, Esqr. fourth Major-General.
Seth Pomeeoy, Esqr. first Brigadier General.
Richard Montgomery, Esqr. second do.
David Worster, Esqr. third do.
William Heath, Esqr. fourth do.
Joseph Spencer, Esqr. fifth do.
John Thomas, Esqr. sixth do.
John Sullivan, Esqr. seventh do.
Nathaniel Greene, Esqr. eighth do.
Horatio Gates, Esqr. Adjutant-General, and with the rank of Bri-
gadier-General.
[The address of the Provincial Congress of the Colony of New-York,
to General Washington.]
May it Please Your Excellency — At a time
when the most loyal of His Majesty's subjects, from a
regard to the laws and constitution by which he sits
on the throne, feel themselves reduced to the unhappy
necessity of taking up arms to defend their dearest
rights and privileges. While we deplore the calamities of
this divided empire, we rejoice in the appointment of a
gentleman from whose abilities and virtue we are taught
to expect both security and peace. Confiding in you, sir,
and in the worthy Generals immediately under your com-
mand, we have the most flattering hopes of success in the
glorious struggle for American liberty, and the fullest as-
surances that whenever this important contest shall be de-
cided by that fondest wish of each American soul, an ac-
commodation with our mother country, you will cheerfully
resign the important deposit committed into your hands,
and reassume the character of our worthiest citizen.
June 26, 1775.
To His Excellency Geo. Washington, Generalissimo
of all the forces raised and to be raised in the
confederate colonies of America.
[Vol. n.J 1
[General Washington's answer to the Address of the Provincial Con-
gress of New York.]
Gentlemen. — At the same time that with you, I de-
plore the unhappy necessity of such an appointment as
that with which I am now honoured, I cannot but feel sen-
timents of the highest gratitude for this affecting instance
of distinction and regard.
May your warmest wishes be realized in the success of
America at this important and interesting period ; and be
assured that every exertion of my worthy colleagues and
myself, will be equally extended to the reestablishment of
peace and harmony between the mother country and these
Colonies. As to the fatal, but necessary operations of war,
when we assumed the soldier, we did not lay aside the
citizen, and we shall most sincerely rejoice with you m
that happy hour, when the establishment of American li-
berty on the most firm and solid foundations shall enable
us to return to our private stations in the bosom of a free,
peaceful, and happy country.
GO. WASHINGTON.
June 26, 1775.
Ca7np, at Cambridge, Aug. 10, 1775.
Sir — Your favour of the 2d inst. is duly received, but
it is out of my power to comply willi the request it con-
tains, of forwarding commissions. All those I have yet
received from tlie Honourable Continental Congress, arc
far short of the number required in lliis army ; for which
reason when at New-York, and by letter from this, I di-
rected Gcnl. Schuyler to apply to the Congress at Phila-
delphia, for those of his department, as the shortest and
easiest mode : to which I must also now refer you.
We have had no occurrence in this camp for several
days worthy of notice ; but by some advices from Boston,
2
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
and several concurring circumstances, we have great rea-
son to suspect a part or the whole of the Ministerial troops
are about to remove. New-York is the place generally
talked of as their destination. I give you the intelligence
as it came to me, but do not vouch for its authenticity.
I am, with the most respectful regard to yourself, and
the body over whom you preside,
Sir, your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
The Hon. P. V. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Camp, at Cambridge, August Sth, 1775.
Gentlemen — It must give great concern to every con-
siderate mind, that when this whole Continent at a vast
expense of blood and treasure, is endeavouring to establish
its liberties on the most secure and solid foundation, not
only by a laudable opposition of force to force, but deny-
ing itself the usual advantages of trade, there are men
among us so sordid as to counteract all our exertions for
the sake of a little gain. You cannot but have heard that
the distresses of the Ministerial troops for fresh provisions
and many other necessaries at Boston, were very great.
It is a policy justifiable by all the laws of war, to endea-
vour to increase them. Desertions, discouragement and a
dissatisfaction with the service, besides weakening their
strength, are some of the natural consequences of such a
situation, and if continued might afford the fairest hope of
success without further effusion of human blood. A ves-
sel cleared lately out of New-York for St. Croix, with
fresh provisions and other articles, has just gone into Bos-
ton instead of pursuing her voyage to the West Indies. I
have endeavoured to discover the name of the captain or
owner, but as yet without success. The owner (it is
said) went to St. Croix before the vessel, from which, and
her late arrival, I make no doubt you will be able to dis-
cover and expose the villain. And if you could fall upon
some effectual measures to prevent the like in future, it
would be doing a signal service to our common country.
I have been endeavouring by every means in my power,
to discover the future intentions of our enemy here. I
find a general idea prevailing through the army and in the
town of Boston, that the troops are soon to leave the town
and go to some other part on the Continent. New- York
is the place generally mentioned as their destination. I
should think a rumour or suggestion of this kind worthy of
very little notice if it was not confirmed by some corres-
ponding circumstances. But a four weeks' total inactivity
with all there reinforcements arrived and recruited, the
daily diminution by desertion, sickness and small skir-
mishes, induce an opinion that any effort they proposed
to make will be directed elsewhere. I thought it proper
just to hint to you what is probably intended ; you will
then consider what regard is to be paid to it, and what
steps will be proper for you take, if any.
I am, with great respect and regard,
Gent, your most obed. and very hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
The Honble. the Provincial Congress,
of the Province of New-York.
Camp at Cambridge, August 30, 1775.
Sir — Your favour of the 21st inst. is duly received, in-
closing Mr. Carter's information of the capture of the
Charming Sally, which, from the circumstances attending
it, was undoubtedly collusive. I have received advice that
another vessel, belonging to one White, at xMarblehead,
whose ostensible voyage was to Casco bay, was carried in
soon after. Such instances of avarice, at such a time, and
in such a cause, call for a severe scrutiny and exemplary
punishment.
Mr. Livingston, and some other gentlemen from your
city, brought us the acceptable news of the safe arrival of
a large quantity of powder, and 500 stand of arms. Our
situation is such as requires your immediate assistance and
supply in that article. We have lately taken possession
of a hill considerably advanced towards the enemy, but our
poverty prevents our availing ourselves of any advantage
of situation ; I must, therefore, most earnestly entreat that
measures may be taken to forward to this camp in the most
safe and expeditious manner, whatever ammunition can be
spared from the immediate and necessary defence of the
Province, the value of whatever may be sent in conse-
quence of this request, will be paid by orders from hence
when delivered, or negotiated with the Honourable Conti-
nental Congress at Philadelphia as may be agreed with
the proprietors. I only request that no time may be lost
through any such diflBculties, as our situation is so critical
and the exigence so great. The mode of conveyance I
must leave with the Provincial Congress, or the committee
of the city. I doubt not they will take every precaution
to make it safe and expeditious.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedt. and very humble servt.
GEO. WASHINGTON.
The Hon. Peter Van Brugh Livingston,
President, &c.
Camp at Cambridge, October 5, 1775.
Gentlemen — By an intelligent person from Boston the
3d inst. I am informed that a fleet consisting of one 64, and
one 20 gun ship, two sloops of 18 guns, and two trans-
ports with 600 men, were to sail from Boston yesterday —
their destination a profound secret. That they took on
board 2 mortars and 4 howitzers, with other artillery cal-
culated for the bombardment of a town. I have thought it
proper to apprise every considerable town on the coast of
this armament, that they may be upon their guard. Should
I receive any farther account of their destination it shall be
forwarded.
The same person also informs, that an express sloop
arrived four days before, from England, at Boston, which
she left the Sth August. General Gage and most of the
officers who were at Lexington are recalled, and sail this
day. General Howe succeeds to the command. Six
ships of the line and two cutters, under Sir Peter Dennis,
are coming out. Five regiments and 1000 marines may
be expected at Boston in three or four weeks. No pros-
pect of accommodation, but on the other hand, every ap-
pearance of the war being pushed with the utmost vigour.
I am, gentlemen, very respectfully,
Your most obedt. and very humble servt.
GO.' WASHINGTON.
Provincial Congress of New- York.
Sir — I am to thank you for your favour of the 4th inst.
enclosing the advices from England of 26lh July and Sth
August.
A few days ago I apprised the Committee of New- York
of the sailing of a small fleet from Boston with artillery to
bombard a town. I did not then know that the Provincial
Congress was sitting, or the advice would have been di-
rected to them. I now, sir, beg leave to acquaint you that
the fleet there mentioned has been seen standing NNE so
that we apprehend it is destined against some town on the
coast of this Province, New-Hampshire, or perhaps to
Quebec.
We have no occurrence in the camp worthy of notice.
Both sides are making all preparation for winter.
I am, with the most respectful regard, to the Provincial
Congress,
Sir, your most obedt. and very hble. serv.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Camp at Cambridge, Octr. 13, 1775.
The President of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, «Scc.
3
Camp at Cambridge, Oclr. 24, 1775.
The enclosed information being of the highest impor-
tance, I thought it proper to transmit it to you with all
despatch.
I am, sir,
Your most obedient servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Directed to the Honble. Nathaniel Woodhull,
President of the Provincial Congress, New-
York.
Falmouth, Monday, 16th October, 1775.
The Canceaux ship of sixteen guns, commanded by
Capt. Mowatt, a large ship, schooner and a sloop, armed,
anchored below the town the 17th, at 3 P. M. They
weighed and came up and anchored within gun shot, and
immediately Capt. Mowatt sent a letter on shore to the
town, giving them two hours to move their families out, as
he had orders to fire the town. The town immediately
chose a committee of three gentlemen and sent them on
board to know the reason of that town's being set on fire.
He returned for answer that his orders were to set on fire
all the seaport towns between Boston and Halifax, and
that he expected New- York was then burnt to ashes. He
farther said, that when he received orders from the Admiral,
he desired that he might show some favour to the town of
Falmouth, which the Admiral granted. (I suppose as Capt.
Mowatt was under particular obligations to some gentle-
men at Falmouth for civilities shown him when in captivity
amongst them,) and which favour was to spare the town
till 9 o'clock Wednesday morning, in case we would send
him off eight small arms, which the town immediately did.
Wednesday morning being the 18th, the committee went
on board Capt. Mowatt again in order to save the town.
He said he would save the town till he heard from the
Admiral, in case we would send off four carriage guns,
deliver up all our small arms, ammunition, &c. and send
four gentlemen of the town as hostages, which the town
would not do. About half past nine in the morning he be-
gan to fire from the four armed vessels, and in five minutes
set fire to several houses. He continued firing till after-
noon the same day, which destroyed the largest part of
the town. He farther informed the committee that he
should proceed to Portsmouth and destroy that place also.
The foregoing is as near the facts as I am able to re-
member, as witness my hand.
(Signed,) PEARSON JONES.
Cambridge, Oclo. 24, 1775.
Cambridge, 16th November, 1775.
Sir — It was determined at the conference held here
in the last month, that such military stores as could be spared
from New-York. Crown Point, Ticonderoga, &c. should be
sent here for the use of the Continental army. As it was
not clear to me whether I was to send for, or that they
were to be sent to me, I desired Mr. Reed on his way to
Philadelphia, to inquire into this matter. As I have not
heard from him on this subject, and the season advancing
fast, I have thought it necessary to send Henry Knox,
Esqr. who will deliver you this. After he forwards what he
can get at your place, he will proceed to General Schuy-
ler, on this very important business. I request the favour
of you sir, and the gentlemen of your Congress, to give
Mr. Knox, all the assistance in your power. By so doing
you will render infinite service to your country, and vastly
oblige,
Sir, your most ob. hum. sert.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the President of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
Cambridge, December 1, 1775.
Sirs — I yesterday received the enclosed information
from several persons, who lately came out of Boston,
which I thought it my duty to transmit to you. Whether
these troops are embarked, I cannot undertake to say ; but
if they are, it is more than probable that their destination
may be very different from what they gave out in Boston,
and that that was only used as a feint. It is certain that
several ships sailed from thence yesterday morning.
I am, sir, your hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Presidt. of the Honble. Convention,
New- York.
[Information relative to the enemy, received from Charlestown, enclosed
in General Washington's letter, received 22d Deer. 1775.]
Chelsea, Decern. 16, 1775.
Last evening eight men came in a boat from Boston to
our guard, at the ferry. They say that one regiment of
foot and three companies of lighthorse were to sail to Hal-
lifax this day, and that the troops were putting water on
board the transports.
Dorchester, Decern. 16, 1775.
This morning eight large and two small vessels, taken
for tenders, sailed out of Boston harbour ; by their firing
they appeared to be going a voyage to sea.
Mr. Joshua Freis came out of Boston last night, and in-
forms that a regiment of foot and some companies of light-
horse were preparing to embark for Hallifax.
Philadelphia, 26th May, 1775.
Sir — I enclose you the resolves of the Continental
Congress, respecting the measures they conceive more im-
mediately necessary for the defence and safety of your
city and province, and which it is expected will be carried
into execution with all possible despatch, and with as much
secrecy as to the particular operations intended, as the na-
ture of the service will possibly admit of.
I am, sir, your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
To the President of the Provincial Convention,
New- York.
Philadelphia, 31st May, 1775.
Sir — I am directed by the Congress to transmit your
Convention tlieir resolve, and to desire an immediate com-
pliance with it, so far as it respects the furnishing batteaux
provisions, stores, &c.
I am, sir.
Your most hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Hon. the President of the
Provincial Convention of New-York.
Philadelphia, June 10th, 1775.
Gentlemen — The enclosed resolutions of this Congress,
I am directed to transmit you, and to desire you will order
it to be executed in as expeditious and secret manner as
possible, referring to your judgment the most suitable
places for landing it, and where there will be the least risk
of interruption from the ships of war. You will please to
consign it to the committee of correspondence in each place,
with a direction to forward the flour to the army as soon as
possible. I have it also in charge to recommend to you
that the flour be transported in small quantities, as there
may be danger of the enemy.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obcd. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Members of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
Philadelphia, 12M June, 1775.
Gentlemen — By order of the Congress I forward you
the enclosed resolves, the importance and propriety of
which you will readily perceive, as the safety of America
4
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
greatly depends on our having it in our power to supply
ourselves with the means of defence.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obed. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Members of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
Philadelphia, June 15, 1775.
Gentlemen— Your letter of lOih inst. to the Delegates
of New-York has been laid before the Congress, in con-
sequence of which, I am directed to return you the thanks
of the Congress, for your vigilance in the case of Capt.
Coffin's vessel, and to recommend to you that the vessel
be unloaded and the cargo safely stored until all just suspi-
cions concerning the destination of it, shall be removed.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obed. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
To the Members of the Provincial Congress,
New-York.
Philadelphia, June 27, 1775.
Gentlemen — By the unanimous vote of this Congress,
I am directed to assure you that they liave a high sense of
your services in the common cause of the United Colonies,
and to inform you of the appointments of the several ge-
neral officers to command the Continental forces, a list of
wliom I now enclose you ; the subordinate officers to be
recommended by the Provincial Congress to the generals,
to whom commissions from this Congress are sent to be
filled up agreeably to such recommendation.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
To the Members of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
Philadelphia, June 24, 1775.
Gentlemen — By order of the Congress I inclose you
certain resolves passed yesterday respecting those who
were concerned in taking and garrisoning Crown Point
and Ticonderoga. As the Congress are of opinion that
the employing the Green Mountain Boys in the American
army would be advantageous to the common cause, as
well on account of their situation as of their disposition and
alertness, they are desirous you should embody them
among the troops you shall raise. As it is represented to
the Congress that they will not serve under any officers
but such as they themselves choose, you are desired to
consult with General Schuyler, in whom the Congress are
informed those people place a great confidence, about the
field officers to be set over them.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
To the Members of the Provincial Congress, New York.
Philadelphia, July 17, 1775.
Sir, — Major General Schuyler having represented to
the Congress the necessity of appointing a deputy adju-
tant-general or a brigade-major for the troops under his
command, I am ordered to send you the following resolve
passed this day.
I am, Sir,
Your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
P. S. — I inclose you an authenticated commission to be
filled up with the name of the gentleman appointed by your
Congress. You will please to make a return to me of the
person so appointed.
The enclosed letter for General Schuyler, I beg you will
immediately forward to him by express.
In Congre$), July 17, 1775.
Resolved, That the Convention of New York be de-
sired to recommend a proper person for a deputy adjutant-
general or a brigade-major for the army, in the New
York department.
A true copy from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
Please to forward by the express to General Schuyler
a number of the articles of war. I forwarded them to
New-York, directed to Genl. Schuyler, but apprehend
they did not meet him there, as he has wrote me for them
from Albany.
The commission referred to is sent by Mr. Lewis.
Hon. P. V. B. Livingston.
Gentlemen — By advice from the army before Boston,
a supply of gunpowder would be very acceptable and great-
ly contribute to promote the common cause. I am there-
fore desired by the Congress who have had an intimation
that a quantity of that article was lately imported into your
city, to apply to you and request you to send forward as
speedily and safely as possible what you can spare to the
camp before Boston.
I am, gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Congress Chamber, July 19, 1775.
Committee of Safety in New- York.
Philadelphia, July 19, 1775.
Sir, — Enclosed is the commission to be filled up with
the name of the gentleman your Congress shall please to
appoint to the department of deputy adjutant-general or
brigade-major, referred to in mine of yesterday, I beg
you to forward by express the letter I yesterday enclosed
for General Schuyler,
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Hon. P. V. B. Livingston.
Philadelphia, Septem. leth, 1775.
Sir — Herewith I transmit you a commission for Mr.
Flemming, deputy adjutant-general, with the rank of colo-
nel, agreeably to the ^recommendation of your Congress,
which I have dated the day of his appointment.
I also forward you four hundred commissions for the
officers of your forces under the command of General
Schuyler, which you will please to have regularly filled
up with the names of those gentlemen who were appointed
by your Congress, and transmit them to General Schuyler
to be delivered them. You will observe they are not
dated. You will please to supply the dates according to
the time of the appointment of each, as their pay should
commence from that time ; and as I was not furnished with
a list of the names nor the time, was obliged to give you
the trouble of completing the commissions. You will
please to acknowledge the receipt of them.
I have nothing in charge from Congress to communicate.
When I have, you shall be early acquainted therewith.
I have the honour to be, with much esteem.
Sir, your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Hon. P. V. B. Livingston, &c.
[Letter from President Hancock directing the troops to be forwarded
to Genl. Schuyler.]
Philadelphia, Septemr. 20th, 1775.
Gentlemen — As General Schuyler is engaged in an
expedition of immense consequence to the United Colonies,
and it being of the last importance that he be properly sup-
ported in order to insure success, or at least to prevent a
repulse, I am directed by the Congress to write to you
and direct you immediately to send forward the whole of
\ the troops ordered to be raised in your Colony, properly
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
5
equipped, in order to join General Schuyler as soon as
possible.
1 am, gentlemen, your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
To the gentlemen of the Provincial Congresb,
or Committee of Safely, Mew-York.
Philadelphia, Odor. 9th, 1775.
Gentlemen — Your letters of the 6th inst. liave been
laid before Congress, They have issued an order for one
ton of powder to be sent to New-York, but I am directed
to inform you, if you can with safety spare it or any part,
it is the wish of Congress you would immediately forward
it to General Schuyler.
In answer to your letter respecting the briganline Mary,
Capt. Wallace, which put into your port to repair, I am
ordered to acquaint you that the Congress recommend that
she proceed on her voyage with her cargo after being re-
fitted.
In consequence of your letter to Congress enclosing a
plan and estimate of the fort erecting on the Highlands of
North river. I now enclose you the resolution of Con-
gress thereon, to which I refer you. I also enclose you a
resolve of Congress respecting those who are in your opi-
nion dangerous by being at large, to which also refer you.
Your proposal enclosed, respecting the importation of
gunpowder, is submitted to a committee — the resolution of
Congress thereon shall be transmitted to you.
I have wrote to Genl. Woosler, at Albany, by order of
Congress, to proceed to the fort now building at North
river, and there leave as many of his troops as the con-
ductor of the works shall think necessary to expedite the
works, and with the remainder to proceed to New-York,
and there remain.
By desire of your Delegates, I enclose you some ex-
tracts of letters from London, laid before Congress.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Convention of New-York.
Philadelphia, Oct. 16, 1775.
Gentlemen — By some late advices from General
Schuyler, we understand that he is in great distress for
want of powder. And as so much depends on the success
of that expedition — indeed as the safety of all America de-
pends upon it — the Congress liave unanimously agreed that
the ton of powder forwarded to you last week from Phila-
delphia be, with all possible expedition, despatched to
General Schuyler. In the meantime the Congress will
fall upon all the measures in their power to furnish you
with what they possibly can. You will please immediately
to put this recommendation in execution.
I am, gentlemen, your most obed. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Provincial Convention of New-York.
Philadelphia, \lth Oct. 1775.
Gentlemen — As the Congress apprehend there may be
a design of an attack upon New-York, I am directed by
them to desire you will give directions for the immediate
removal of all ihe sulphur now in the city of New- York to
a place of greater safely at a distance from the city, and
you will please to inform Congress to v/hat place you have
ordered it.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the President and Members of the
Convention of New- York.
Philadelphia, iOlh Oclo. 1775.
Gentlemen — A letter appearing ui the New-York pa-
LVoL. n.] 2
per of 16th inst. said to be wrote by Governor Tryon,
to ihe Mayor of New-York, expressing "that this Con-
gress had recommended it to the Provincial Congress to
seize, or take up the officers of that government, and par-
ticularly himself by name."
I am directed by this Congress to request that you will
immediately send them a genuine copy of the letter above
mentioned, together with a copy of any order or proceed-
ing of yours, or of the mayor and corporation in conse-
quence of the said letter of Governor Tryon.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Provincial Congress of New York.
[Letter from the Honble. John Hancock covering copies of the ex-
aminations of Campbell and Symes two officers, and of a number of
marines lately taken from on board a transport, stranded on Brigantine
beach.]
Philada. 26th Octo. 1775.
Gentlemen — A transport with two officers and a num-
ber of marines having been CBSt away on the coast of New-
Jersey, near Brigantine beach, the captain, officers and a
number of the men were taken prisoners and brought to this
place, where they have been examined by the Committee
of Safety for this Province. By order of the Congress I
inclose you a copy of their examination, by which you will
see the dangerous practices the officers have been engaged
in, and it is not doubted but you will take effectual mea-
sures to put a stop to them.
It is intimated that there is one Grant in Dutchess county
now employed in raising recruits. The Congress expect
you will inquire into this matter and if possible secure the
said Grant.
It being represented to the Congress that a large quan-
tity of blankets and shirts remain in the King's stores in
New-York, the Congress came to the following resolution:
" That it be recommended to the Convention of New-York
immediately to take possession of the said blankets and
shirts and forward so many of ihem as may be necessary
to General Schuyler for the use of the army under his com-
mand."
I am, gentlemen, your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Examination of Capt. Duncan Campbell, taken before
the Committee of Safety of Pennsylvania, Philadel-
phia, 2Alh October, 1775.
Capt. Campbell says : He is a captain in the army, and
was sent out on service ; has a captain's commission ;
sailed from Boston 6th instant for New-York on board a
transport ship, which was cast away ; was sent only to
receive such of the King's subjects as chose to join the
army at Boston. Was asked if he had no emissaries on
shore to procure men ? Said it was a question he did not
choose to answer ; went from New- York about 16ih June,
arrived at Boston about 12lh July ; was a lieutenant on
half-pay since 1764 ; his commission for company was
made out before he went to Boston ; he returned to New-
York and took to Boston a number of volunteers ; that
there was no particular part of the country that he expect-
ed recruits from ; no particular bounty promised to volun-
teer ; this was left till they arrived at Hcad Quarters ; sup-
posed they were to have some grants, as soldiers had at
conclusion of hist war, but never made promise of forfeit-
ed lands. He belongs to 71st regiment ; there is a regiment
raising called the Feiisiblo Americans, which is the 72nd ;
his commission of captain is in the Royal Kegiment of
Highland Emigrants, dated 14lh June, 1775, at Boston;
Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant Allen McClcan.
His inslnictions, dated 18lh July, 1775, which was pro-
duced, arc as follows :
" By His E.xccllency the Honble. Thomas Gage, Gene-
6
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
ral and Commander-in-Chief of all His Majesty's forces
in North America, &;c. &c. &c. to Captn. Duncan Camp-
bell and Lieutenant Symes.
" You are hereby directed lo embark on board the Re-
becca and Frances transport, George Hastings, master,
and lo proceed as fast as possible to New-York, where you
are to receive on board your ship such men as may be in-
clined lo serve His Majesty ; and you are particularly to
attend to the arrival of ships expected from Scotland and
to procure as many men out of them as you possibly can ;
and you are to do your endeavour not to suffer any of those
emigrants to join the rebels on shore, and to give every en-
couragement to all the Scotch and other nations thai will
join you. Captn. Vandeput, of His Majesty's ship Asia,
will give you all the assistance in his power, and with whom
you will confer when there may be occasion. You will
continue at New-York as long as the service you are upon
may require, when you are to return lo this place with all
expedition, bringing as many volunteers with you as you
can procure.
" Given under my hand at Head-Quarters in Boston,
this 18lh day of July, 1775.
(Signed,) "THOS. GAGE.
" By His Excellency's command.
(Signed,) "SAM. KEMBLE."
He says he was not compellable to enter into service,
but knew he must join one side or ihe other, or be insulted
by every person that thought proper ; Lieutenant Symes
was surgeon's mate in 42nd, was now appointed a lieuten-
ant ; a Lieutenant Grant, on half-pay, went with him lo
Boston ; Grant is returned and lives in Dutchess county ;
the ship was armed for defence, as they expected an at-
tack from some armed vessels along the coast ; the men
were put on board for defence ; there were a number of
letters for different persons, that were destroyed when they
struck. Was asked if any other vessels or officers were
sent on the like errand ; said he could not answer such
questions with propriety.
Lieutenant Symes says : He has left his commission in
Boston ; was ordered suddenly on board ship ; brought no
papers; was appointed 14th June; commissions for this
new regiment made out 13th or 14th June ; another regi-
ment is formed, called the Royal Fensible Americans ;
Capl. Campbell expected to get recruits at New-York or
from vessels coming from Scotland ; having seen Grant's
name among papers, asked about him ; Capl. Campbell
said he was on half-pay and was to have a commission in
the regiment ; he came with 43rd regiment in the year
1774; part of the recruits of the regiment were sent to
Halifax ; expected thai Halifax or Quebec would be head-
quarters ; the person with him, named Cameron, was a
steerage passenger ; Hved a neighbour to Captn. Campbell,
in Dutchess county. Angus Cameron, of Argyleshire,
came to New-York government two years ago ; has no
settlement; has been in Virginia; has followed farming
since he came ; was a drover in Scotland ; lived near
Capl. Campbell's, lo whom he lent some money, about
£50 on interest, at New- York ; lent Capl. Campbell some
money also, about £100 ; got part of his money from Al-
exander Campbell.
Roderic McDonald examined, says : He was enlisted at
Boston the beginning of this month of October ; went to
Boston wiih Capl. Hastings in September ; Captn. Duncan
Campbell and Lieutenant Symes were coming with them
to recruit at New- York; that in August last, Capl. Campbell
was at his house in Dutchess county, and told him he was
going aboard the Asia and to come lo him there ; about 60
volunteers went with Captn. Campbell to Boston ; one
Forster, a sergeant, McNeil, Conway and two more of the
volunteers, were Provincial soldiers, some in their uni-
forms ; Forster, supposed to be a sergeant in Worster's
army, came from Milford, New-England ; Captn. Camp-
bell advised and encouraged him to enter into the service.
James Neil says : He entered the King's service at
New-York; he met Capt. Hastings at New-York, who
persuaded him to go aboard his ship, and said he should
have good encouragement ; went aboard ; Capt. Campbell
then told him if he would enter into the King's service, he
should have 200 acres of forfeited land, fight or not fight.
Thomas Finn says : He went aboard a man of war at
New-York ; afterwards Captn. Campbell came aboard and
enlisted him ; promised him 200 acres of land ; he was
not sworn ; did not know Capln. Campbell before he saw
him aboard the man of war at New-York.
David Carson says : He has been in this country about
six or seven months ; lived at Mr. Collison's in New-York ;
heard they wanted men on board the transport ; got put on
board and enlisted ; was to have two guineas advance and
200 acres of land, not in the back parts, but cultivated for-
feited lands ; was promised it by Captn. Campbell and the
officers aboard.
Richard Wilson says : He came from England last
May; was a year at Capt. Sadler's; lived with and near
Smart Smith in New-York ; Galbreath, a lieutenant of
the Asia, persuaded him lo go aboard the Asia ; went from
that ship to the transport ; Captn. Campbell promised him
200 acres forfeited land ; Capt. Campbell was now comingto
bring off a number of Highlanders that lived near his place
in New-York government ; heard Capt. Campbell and
Lieut. Symes, on whom he waited, talk of it ; they ex-
pected about 200 men to come in small parties; three
or four men were sent up from the transport before they
left New-York, one of whom was Rod. McDonald, to en-
gage the above people and come back ; could not get them
down at that time ; Capt. Campbell left some people at
his plantation to bring the rest down.
Robert Sanderson says : He worked along shore, at
New-York, about a twelvemonth ago ; was pressed aboard
a man-of-war ; carried to Boston ; came in the summer, in
the Mercury, to New- York ; got discharged, in order to go
to Boston to enlist ; was enlisted by Major Small ; came
with Capl. Campbell, in the Rebecca and Frances, to New-
York : got a number of men there ; carried them lo Bos-
ton, and were now coming back to gel more.
George Hastings says : Is master of the ship Rebecca
and Frances, of London, owned bv James Mather ; left
Boston the 5th October, bound for New- York, with the
comissioned officers Capl. Duncan Campbell, Lieutenant
Symes, two sergeants, named Hugh Morrison and William
Forster, and twenty-one privates, belonging to a regiment
raising in America ; that he understood ihey were coming
lo New- York for the purpose of recruiting; thai there sailed
with him the Fowey, a 20 gun ship, and one transport,
both bound to Hahfax ; that last Monday morning, before
day, the weather being hazy, the said ship Rebecca and Fran-
ces struck on the shore at Briganline beach, where she hes
stranded ; that Capl. Campbell parted with him at the
beach, on Tuesday evening, and he supposes made the
best of his way to New-York, in some boat ; did not see
him in any boat ; parted with him at his tent, after dark ;
the lieutenant went away in a small boat with one man, an
elderly man, dressed like a fisherman, on Tuesday, about
noon ; that ihey had on board 60 muskets, with bayonets
and cartouch boxes, and two barrels and a half of gunpowder,
all which they threw into the sea ; that the 20th July last
the said Capl. Campbell sailed with him from Boston to
New- York, and carried between 50 and 60 recruits from
New- York lo Boston ; that he was chartered — 293 tons
burthen ; that the said Campbell had been in the 42d regi-
ment ; lived in Dutchess county, New-York ; has a wife
and cliildren there ; that he was not ordered to apply to
any person in New-York, but lo be under the protection of
the Asia ; that Capt. Campbell, while the ship lay at New-
York, remained on board, and frequently sent his boat
ashore for the recruits that were raised for him ; the offi-
cers of the 48lh and 49th regiments are going home ; Genl.
Gage going home in a transport vessel of 6 guns ; no men
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
7
of war or troops gone to Quebec ; no account of an expedi-
tion intended against Quebec, but talk of one against Hali-
fax ; the soldiers now brought, were some of those enlisted
at New-York, and carried by Capt. Campbell to Boston ;
has no written instructions ; was to be directed by Capt.
Campbell.
[Letter from John Hancock, enclosing a resolution for raising a com-
pany of mairosses, for the forts in the Highlands.] j
Philadelphia, 28th Oclr. 1775.
Sir — Your letter of the 17th inst. has been laid before
the Congress, and I am directed to acquaint you, that they
approve of your immediately raising a company of matros-
ses, to consist of si.xty-eight privates. They prefer that
number, as it is the fixed establishment of the companies
in the Continental service. You will please to appoint and
forward the list of the officers proper to command them,
and their commissions shall be made out and sent you.
The Congress desire you will inform them when this com-
pany shall be completed ; and they will take under consi-
deration your proposals for raising a larger number.
Enclosed is the resolution of Congress.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
The President of Congress of New- York.
[Resolution of Continental Congress for raising a company of
matrosses.]
" In Congress, October 28, 1775.
Resolved, That a company of matrosses to consist of
one captain, one captain lieutenant, a first and second lieu-
tenant, a lieutenant fire worker, four sergeants, four corpo-
rals, eight bombadiers, sixty-eight matrosses, one drum-
mer and one fifer, be immediately raised in New- York for
the defence of Hudson's river, and to occupy the fortifica-
tions now erecting in the Highlands ; and that the Presi-
dent write to the Convention of that Province, recommend-
ing it to them immediately to raise the said company, and
to appoint the proper officers.
A true copy from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
By order of Congress,
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Philadelphia, November 9, 1775.
Gentlemen — Your several letters lately received, have
been laid before the Congress ; those that respect the fort in
the Highlands have been acted upon, and I here enclose
you the resolutions of Congress thereupon, which you will
please to put in immediate execution. As soon as Con-
gress have determined upon the other matters mentioned
in your letters, the result shall be communicated to you.
As I am directed to forward immediately by express the
enclosed, I have not time to add, but that
I am, with respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Members of the Convention
of New- York
Philadelphia, 10th November, 1775.
Gentlemen — The Congress having appointed a com-
mittee to purchase clothing for the army in the northern
department, and the committee having purchased them, I
am directed to inform you that they are ordered to be sent
by land to Dob's ferry, where you are requested to have a
boat ready to take them in and transport them immediately
to Albany. The wagons set out to-morrow morning.
I am, gentlemen, your most obed. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the gentlemen of the Congress
at New- York.
Philadelphia, November 27, 1775.
Gentlemen — I am directed by Congress to write to you
and request you to use your utmost endeavours to furnish
the troops raised in New-Jersey for the defence of New-
York, with as many fire arms as your Colony can conve-
niently spare, and that you will please to send them to
Lord Stirhng, who commands the forces in the Jerseys.
I am, gentlemen, your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Members of the Convention
of New-York.
[A letter from B. Franklin, Esqr. President of the Committee of Safe-
ly for the Province of Pennsylvania, covering sundry memoran-
dums, &c.]
Philadelphia, August 17, 1775.
Gentn. — I am directed by the Committee of Safety for
this Province, to request the favour of your board to ap-
point a committee to receive into their custody the sundry
trunks, boxes, &c. described in the enclosed receipt. They
go from hence for your city by the stage, and we have
given the master thereof a certificate of what they are, re-
commending them to the care of all persons into whose
custody they come, until safely delivered to you or your
committee. These packages contain the clothing and
other necessaries of Major French, Ensign Rotton and Ca-
det McDermot, three officers of the Ministerial troops,
and their two servants, who having lately fallen within our
district, are made prisoners of war, and sent from hence
to His Excellency General Washington's camp, upon their
parol, to surrender themselves to his order, and not to bear
arms against the United Colonies for twelve months, unless
exchanged ; nor to give intelligence of any public affairs
during the term of this parol. They are escorted by two
captains of our military association ; and we have promised
that their baggage should be sent forward to the camp with
safety and expedition. It is judged that this apphcation to
you will be the best method of performing our promise, not
doubting you are as desirous to preserve the public faith,
and promote the public service as we are. Major French
will pay the charges attending the baggage ; or if he is
gone from your city, or does not pass through it, we will
pay the same to your order. Therefore, we have only to
add our desire that you will forward the whole to the care
of General Washington, in such manner as you may judge
safest, most expeditious and least expensive. I am further
commanded to assure you that this Committee are ready
at all times to pay the like attention to your board that they
expect from it, and on behalf of the Committee,
I have the honour to be, gentn.
Your obedient humble servant,
B. FRANKLIN, Presidt.
To the Committee of Safety for
the Province of New- York.
In Committee of Safety, )
Philadelphia 19th August, 1775. S
Gentlemen — We have received and considered your
application for a supply of gunpowder. We had already
furnished to the army and to the neighbouring Colonics all
we could safely spare, when an express arriving from Ge-
neral Schuyler, dated 2d August, at Ticonderoga, ex-
pressing his great want of powder, wc forwarded to him
2,200 lb. wt. directed to the care of the commntce at Al-
bany. At the time we sent it, we were not informed that a
large quantity which arrived in New-Jersey, from South
Carolina, had been forwarded to him a short time before,
which it is like he had not heard of when he wrote, but
which would make our last supply unnecessary. As pro-
bably that may not be gone from Albany, we leave it lo
your consideration whether it may not, on an application to
8
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Genl. Schuyler be brought back from thence for your use.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedl. hiinnble servts.
By order.
B. FRANKLIN, Presidt.
To P. V. Livingston, Esqr. and the
Members of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
In Committee of Safety, ?
Philadelphia, 2lst August, 1775. )
Gentlemen — We are mucli obliged by your connmuni-
cation of the intelligence from General Wasliington, and
shall forward it to the commillees down the river. As pos-
sibly the enemy may think of calling upon us, it renders it
more necessary for us to keep the little powder we have ;
but when any fresh supply shall arrive here, we shall readi-
ly spare you a part of it.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servts.
By order.
B. FRANKLIN, Presidt.
To P. V. Livingston, Esqr. and the
Members of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Perth Jlmboy, j3ugt. 29, 1775.
Sir — The Committee of Safety acquainted vou by a
letter dated the 26lh instant, that we had ordered a ton of
gunpowder to be sent you agreeably to your request. It
left Philadelphia on Sunday morning, and yesterday I
overlook ihe wagon on the road at Trenton, and left it pro-
ceeding on the journey ; but being informed this morning
at Brunswick, that four wagon load of powder had passed
through that place on Friday evening for your city ; and
supposing it to be the powder which you mentioned as
having been expected but not arrived, which occasioned
your sending to us ; and as we have slill too little at Phila-
delphia, I thought it best to slop that powder and send it
back again, and wrote accordingly to the wagoner by a per-
son just selling out for Trenton. I write this therefore that
you may not expect it at Newark in consequence of our
letter.
With great respect and esteem, I am, sir,
Your most obedient humble servants,
B. FRANKLIN.
Hon. P. V. B. Livingston.
In the Committee or Safety, J
Philadelphia, August 26, 1775. )
Sir — Having this morning received a small additional
supply of gunpowder, we have lost no liirie, but immedi-
ately ordered a Ion of it to be packed in tiglit casks and
forwarded to you forthwith agreeably to your request of
the i6lh instant, and wish it safe to your hands. We are
getting our militia into order with all possible expedition ;
and are, with great respect for the Congress and yourself.
Sir, your most obedient servants.
By order.
B. FRANKLIN, Presidt.
Honble. P. V. B. Livingston.
and the Provincial Congress of New-York.
[Letter from Major-General Wooster, acknowlcda;ing the receipt of
Angus McDonald, and the letter and affidavit which attended him. J
Camp, at Greenwich, June 15, 1775.
Sir — I have just received your favour of the 14ih instant,
with the enclosed affidavit, also, Angus McDonald, who
shall be kept in such a stale of securiiy as may eflfeclually
prevent any mischief lhat might otherwise be expected
from him. Be good enough to give my coinpliments to
the gentlemen of the Congress, and tell ihem that I am
sorry you are obliged to send your prisoners so far, I
should be much bctlcr pleased to receive them within a
few miles of your city, especially as you so soon expect
the arrival of ihe four regiments irom Ireland.
I am, sir, with great esleem.
Both for you and the genllemen of the Congress,
Your most obedl. humble servt.
UAVID WOOSTER, Majr. Genl.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Congress at New-York.
Greenwich, June 17, 1775.
Sir — Your favor of the 15lh instant, in behalf of the
Provincial Congress, with ilie enclosed order, I received
yesterday morning, and immediately despatched the requi-
sition to the Governor, who, together wiih the council of
war, are empowered by our Assembly to order the destin-
ation of the troops. I shall hold myself in readiness to
march whenever I receive the Governor's orders.
I am, sir, your most obcdt. hble. servt.
DAVID WOOSTER.
To Petek V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Greenwich, June 18, 1775.
Sir — Your favour in behalf of your Congress, I have
just received, a copy of which I have transinilled by ex-
press, both to the camp near Boston, and to our Governor.
I should be very glad to hear lhat your proportion of men
for the defence of the country were raised and well
equipped, as it is of the lUmost importance lhat a place of
such consequence as New-York should be put in the best
posture of defence.
I am, in haste, your most obedient hble. servt.
DAVID WOOSTER, Majr. Genl.
To I', v. B. Livingston, Esqr.
[A letter from Genl. Wooster on the subject of enlisting apprentices
and servants.]
Camp near New York, July 7th, 1775.
Sir — We have among the Connecticut troops a number
of apprentices and indented servants who ran away from
their masters in this city, and have enlisted themselves and
received their pay in Connecticut. Since our arrival at
this place, many of ihem have been detained in town by
their masters. As the Governor of Connecticut has sub-
jected me and the troops under my command to the direc-
tion of the Continental and this Provincial Congress, I de-
sire you, sir, to to take the opinion of your Congress, and
advise me what plan of conduct I shall pursue wiih regard
to such persons, and you will much oblige sir,
Your hble. servt.,
DAVD. WOOSTER.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq. President
of the Provincial Congress.
Camp near New-York, July llib, 1775.
Sir — Peter Herrin, the man who last night assisted in
conveying on board the Asia man of war one of the prison-
ers sent here by the Continental Congress, is now under
guard at our camp. I would beg the immediate advice of
the Committee of Safely, concernnig what is best to be
done with him. His brother is willing and desirous that
he should be sent away some where, that he may be out
of the way of the enraged people; some have proposed that
he be sent on board the Asia, others think it best to have
him sent to Connecticut wiih Govr. Skene, who will go off
as soon as this inutler can be deiermincd. I hope therefore
to be assisted with your advice as speedly as possible,
And am, sir, your hble. servt.
DAVD. WOOSTER.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq.
[A letter from General Woosler requesting advice and assistance to
remove Connecticut Iroops to Harlem ]
Camp near New-York, July ]5th, 1775.
Sir — Having found by experience, that the troops under
my command from the situation of their encampment are
subjected to many difficulties, which render it next to im-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
9
possible to maintain that good order and discipline which is
entirely necessary in the regulation of an army. My offi-
cers agree with me in sentiment, that it will be much for
the benefit of the service to remove the troops to a further
distance from the town. I have viewed a plot of ground
belonging to Mr. Sickle of Harlem, which I think very
proper for an encampment, and which he is willing should
be made use of for that purpose. I therefore desire you
to take the opinion and advice of the Committee of Safety ;
and if they think proper, I shall be obliged to them if they
appoint somebody to contract with Mr. Sickle for the place,
and assist us with wagons, carts, &c. that we may remove
next Monday.
I am sir, with the greatest esteem.
Your very hble. servt.
DAVD. WOOSTER, Majr. Genl.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety, New-York-
Oyster Ponds, 27th Augt. 1775.
Sir — Your favour of the 18th instant came duly to hand,
and I should have sailed for Harlem without loss of time,
had I not received the following important intelligence from
General Washington, viz :
Augt. 23d, 1775 — Yesterday I received advice from
Boston that a number of transports have sailed on a second
expedition for fresh provisions. As they may pursue the
same course, only advancing further, we think Montaug
Point on Long island a very probable place of their, land-
ing. I have therefore thought it best to give you the ear-
liest intelligence, but I do not mean to confine your atten-
tion or vigilance to that place ; you will please to extend
your views as far as the mischief may be probably extend-
ed." Thus far the intelligence.
I would further inform you that the Kingfisher last
Wednesday went up Sound with several small cutters, rc-
con.noilering the north side of the island, and Thursday there
followed past this place, two top-sail vessels, which 1 appre
hend to be transports, as they fired two signal guns when
they went through the race. I would therefore recommend
it to the Provincial Congress to keep a good guard over
Queens county as I imagine their design is to get stock
from Huntington, Lloyd's neck or Flushing ; and as we
hope to secure all the stock upon this part of the island,
you may expect the Boston fleet will proceed further up
Sound.
I am sir, your most obedt. hble. servt.
DAVID WOOSTER.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esq.
Camp at Harlem, September 17, 1775.
Gentlemen — I received your favour of yesterday en-
closing the order of the Continental Congress, and say, in
answer, the order was given the 16th of June, which was
before the Continental forces were properly organized ;
since that time, the Congress have ordered about two-thirds
of my troops to the northward, and should I divide the re-
maining few into detached parlies, scattered about the
country, and any disagreeable consequences should follow
from it, (as my orders from General Washington are to
be here) it might possibly be difficult for me to vindicate
my conduct. I have authority to say that no Provincial
Congress can, with any propriety, interfere in the dispo-
sition of Continental troops, much less, control the orders
of any general officer. It the Continental Congress or the
Commander-in-Chief think proper to employ the whole,
or a part of the troops under my command in creeling and
defending batteries at the Highlands or elsewhere, I shall
expect their orders direct, and no man will, with greater
alacrity, obey the lawful summons.
I am, with great respect,
Your most obedient humble servant,
DAVD. WOOSTER.
To the Committee of Safety, New-York.
[Vol. 11.] 3
Albany, August 8, 1775.
Sir — Finding by a letter from your Congress to the com-
mittee here, that a return is required of the number of
blankets wanting to furnish the battalion raising ir> this
quarter, and being extremely apprehensive the service will
be retarded by such a delay, I venture to request by ex-
press, that the following articles may be forwarded with
the utmost expedition, as without them, the regiment can
not possibly take the field, and General Schuyler is ex-
ceedingly anxious to be joined by the York troops with
the utmost despatch : 600 tomplines to carry packs,
600 blankets or something equivalent, 130 camp kettles,
pouches for the whole regiment, 88 stand of arms, a large
quantity of shoes. Should not all these articles be com-
pleted in a short time, I beg any proportion of them may
be forwarded immediately, which can be suddenly obtained.
I can not pass this opportunity of expressing my appre-
hensions that some bad consequence may attend our indul-
gence to officers in His Majesty's service, and others whose
principles are suspicious. You know, without doubt, that
Capt. Hutchinson left Genl. Haldiman and returned to Bos-
ton, after informing himself perfectly of our situation. It
now appears by the affidavit of a batteau man, that Lieut.
Col. Allen McClean (upon half pay) who came to York
about two months since in the packet, upon pretence
of taking up lands, and went to Boston on mailers rela-
tive to that business ; returned from thence to York, and
passed in disguise through the country to Oswego, where
he boasted of his exploit, put on a red coat, seemed
to take upon him some command and went to Canada with
Col. Guy Johnson. I musi beg to refer you to a letter I
had the honour to enclose you the other day for Mr. Sears,
touching some other suspicious persons. Should Mr. Sears
not have been in the way, 1 beg you will open it. Mr.
Sears's activity, zeal and industry in the cause, induced me
to trouble him upon this occasion, well knowing you have
more business than you can find time to go through.
I am, sir, with the highest respect.
Your most obdt. and very humble servant,
RICHD. MONTGOMERY, Brigr. Genl.
To Peter Van B. Livingston, Esqr. Albany.
As soon as any part of the first regiment is ready, let
them proceed. We are told powder is no longer scarce,
Tryon county wants it exceedingly : I have ventured to
send them a little of what is come from Philadelphia.
Albany, August 10, 1775.
Sir — The first division of the York troops are arrived,
but without powder. By accident it is in my power to
furnish them. I beg that powder may be sent at the rate
of a quarter pound per man for the troops destined for
this route, as it is very improper they should march to Ti-
conderoga without it. I have been obliged to supply this
division from a small reserve I had made for Tryon county
out of that which lately arrived from Philadelphia.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
RICHD. MONTGOMERY.
In Provincial Congress, >
Watertown, May 26, 1775. \
Resolved, That the following letter be sent to the Pro-
vincial Congress of the Colony of New-York now sitting
in that Colony.
Gentn. — Enclosed are copies of a letter from Col. Ar-
nold, and a list of military stores at Ticondcroga, &c.
You cannot fail to observe that Mr. Arnold, for the defence
of this Colony, is endeavouring that such ordnance as he
judges can be spared from that quarter, should be trans-
ported to the army in this Colony. This step is taken in
consequence of orders given him by our Commiltee of
Safety. Perhaps this may appear to you extraordinary,
but we trust you will candidly overlook such a mistake (if
10
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
it is one) being made in the hurry and confusion of war,
and we most solemnly declare to you, that this Congress
and the inhabitants of this Colony are at the utmost removed
from any disposition or design to make any the least infrac-
tion upon or usurpation of the jurisdiction of any of our
sister Colonies, and if any of those cannon, &cc. taken at
the Lake Champlain, should happen through the exertions
of enterprising spirits, to be brought within the allowed
limits of this Colony, and come to our use, we shall hold
ourselves accountable for them to the Representatives of
the Continent ; and whenever they shall mform us that
they are more needed for the general defence at any other
part of the Continent than in this Colony, we shall en-
deavour that they be removed thither with the utmost des-
patch. As to the expediency and policy of endeavouring
to maintain those old fortresses near Lake Champlain,
or abating them and erecting others in some other places
upon the same lake, or abandoning those posts and bnnging
off all the ordnance and warlike stores in those parts, we
conceive that the advice of the Continental Congress ought
lo be obtained, and we have therefore addressed them in
the most pressing manner, being of opinion that the main-
taining a post there, is absolutely necessary for the defence
of your and all the New-England Colonies.
Gentlemen and brethren, could you have seen the horrid
devastation and carnage in this Colony, committed by Mi-
nisterial troops — those sons of violence, who, through our
supineness, have got some footing here — the breach of a
most solemn treaty with respect to the inhabitants of Boston
when they had surrendered their arms and put themselves
wholly in the power of a military commander, relying upon
his faith then pledged that they should immediately depart
the town with their effects, as stipulated ; which was no
sooner done, than they were not only refused to carry out
the most valuable part of those effects, but their persons
detained under the most idle pretences, and suffered only
lo scatter from their prison a few in a day, hardly to be seen
or noticed. We say, gentlemen, could you see and realize
these scenes of distress, you could not refrain one moment
in doing every thing in your power to prevent the like dis-
tress from happening to your metropolis, and availing your-
selves of every article which our enemies can improve with
the least advantage to themselves for effecting the like de-
solation, horrors and insults on the inhabitants of your city
and Colony, or which might enable you to make the most
effectual defence. Have you not, gentlemen, divers of
those articles, as it were, under your hand ? If you should
delay securing them until they should be out of your power,
and within a few days you should behold those very mate-
rials improved in murdering you, and yourselves perishing
for the want of them, will not the chagrin and regret be
intolerable. Brethren pardon our importunity ; it is our
own case. Don't we daily behold Castle William, and rea-
lize the ample warlike provisions and apparatus therein held
by our enemies to our infinite and inexpressible mortifica-
tion ? We wish to Heaven that you may be timely admo-
nished by the consequences of our delay.
We are, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your most obedient humble servants.
JOS. WARREN, President.
To the Honble. Congress of the Colony of New- York :
Gentlemen — Your noble exertions in the common
cause, your zeal for the maintenance of the rights of Ame-
rica, and the sympathizing concern with which we know
you look on our sufferings, encourages us to represent to
you the distressed state of this Colony.
Our capital is filled with disciplined troops, thoroughly
equipped with everything necessary to render them formi-
dable. A train of artillery as complete as can be conceived
of, a full supply of arms and ammunition, and an absolute
command of the harbour of Boston, which puts it in their
power to furnish themselves with whatever they shall
think convenient by sea, are such advantages as must
render our contest with them, in every view, extremely
difficult.
We suffer at present the greatest inconveniences from
a want of a sufficient quantity of powder ; without ihia,
every attempt to defend ourselves or annoy our enemies,
must prove abortive. We have taken every step to avail
ourselves of this article, by drawing into our general maga-
zine whatever could be spared from the respective towns
of this Colony ; but the frequent skirmishes we have had,
has greatly diminished our stock, and we are now under the
most alarming apprehensions, that, notwithstanding the
bravery of our troops, (whom we think we can, without
boasting, declare are ready to encounter every danger for
the preservation of the rights and liberties of America,) wc
shall barely, for the want of the means of defence, fall at
last a prey to our enemies. We therefore most earnestly
beseech you that you would, if possible, afford us some re-
lief in this respect, by lending or selling to us some part of
the powder in your Colony. We readily conceive the un-
willingness with which you must part with so necessary an
article at this time : we know you Iiave not the quantity
you would wish to keep for your own use. We apply to
you, not because we suppose you have a surplusage, but
because we are in the most distressing want. We beg,
therefore, that we may not be suffered to perish. We have
taken such steps as we have great reason to hope will, in a
short time, furnish us sufficiently with powder ; and if we
can be assisted until that arrives, we doubt not but that we
shall be able to baffle the designs of our enemies, and be
greatly instrumental in preserving the rights and liberties of
all America. We must request that whatever aid you
shall find it in your power to give us, may be in the most
secret manner, as a knowledge of our deficiency in the ar-
ticle of powder, before we are supplied, might be attended
with the most fatal consequences.
We are, gentlemen,
With great respect, your affectionate brethren.
And very humble servants,
ARTEMAS WARD,
General of the Massachusetts .Army.
JOS. WARREN,
Chairman of the Committee of Safety.
MOSES GILL,
Chairman of the Committee of Supplies.
P. S. We beg what powder you can possibly spare may
be immediately conveyed to us by land, in the way least
liable to be suspected by any persons who may correspond
with the enemy.
Camh. Ath June, 1775.
[General Schuyler's letter, requesting an advance of £30 to Ethan Allen
and Seth Warner, and make it a Continental charge.]
Gentlemen — As I am ordered by the Continental Con-
gress to liquidate the accounts of the people employed in
the redtiction of Ticonderoga, that they may be paid, and
as Messrs. Allen and Warner were concerned, there will
be money due to them ; and as they are in want of some,
I could wish you to advance them thirty pounds, and to
make it a Continental charge, for which I shall debit them
in their account with the public.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
N. York, June ith, 1775.
To the gentlemen of the N. York Provincial Congress.
N. Brunswick, June 2Ath, 1775.
Sir — General Washington, with his retinue, is now here,
and proposes to be at Newark by nine to-morrow morning.
The situation of the men of war at New- York, (we are in-
formed,) is such as may make it necessary that some pre-
caution should be taken in crossing Hudson's river ; and
he would take it as a favour if some gentlemen of your
body would meet him to-morrow, at Newark, as the advice
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
you may then give him, will determine whether he will
continue his proposed route, or not.
I am, sir, your most obedt. hum. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
President of the New- York Congress.
New-Tork, 29!h June, 1775.
Sir — As I propose that the troops from Connecticut
should encamp this morning, permit me to beg of you to
give orders that tents, to the number of 250, with the poles,
be sent as soon as possible, to the ground the troops are to
occupy. They will also be in immediate want of fuel, for
dressing their victuals, and of straw to lie on.
Pray be so good as to let me know at what hour you
think the tents can be at the place destined for the encamp-
ment.
I am, sir, respectfully.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
President, &c.
New-York, 30th June 1775.
Sir — I do myself the honour to acquaint your respectable
body, that late last evening I received some despatches con-
taining matters of the first importance ; these were accom-
panied by an order, the carrying of which into execution
will require the aid of your body. I therefore wish to meet
with a small committee at any time and place the soonest
possible, before whom I will lay such part of ray order as
will become the subject of your consideration.
I am, sir, with sentiments of respect and esteem, yours
and the gentlemen of the Congress's
Most obedient and humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq.
President of the N. York Provincial Congress.
New-York, July 3d, 1775.
Gentlemen — I do myself the honour to enclose you an
estimate of such stores, &c. as at present appear to me
necessary to be forwarded to Albany, the pitch, oakum
and nails I wish to have sent with all possible despatch. I
am very certain that a variety of other articles will be want-
ed which I shall be better able to ascertain after my arrival
at Albany, for which place I propose setting out to-mor-
row.
I am informed that a considerable quantity of lead was
found at Ticonderoga, but if it should not equal my expec-
tations, I may be exposed to insurmountable difficulties. I
therefore wish that at least half the quantity which I have
estimated may be ordered up without delay, together with
50 casks of powder which I am advised will be sent you
from Philadelphia.
As it is probable from the manoeuvres of Governor
Carleton, that I shall speedly want a reinforcement of troops
at Ticonderoga, and not being at liberty to remove the Con-
necticut troops from hence, I entreat that you will be pleas-
ed to forward whatever men may be levied in this Colony,
immediately to Albany, without waiting until the corps are
completed.
I hope, gentlemen, on every occasion to be favoured with
your advice. And indeed as the important charge con-
ferred upon me by the Continental Congress was done in
deference lo your polite and honourable (yet altogether un-
merited) recommendation of me, I shall with, the fullest
confidence, look up to you for your aid and countenance, at
once to promote the public service and to prevent me from
sinking under the weighty concerns of my office ; and give
me leave to assure you that though I have the clearest con-
viction that I shall never be able to equal the high opinion
you have induced the Congress to entertain of me, yet
no effort shall be wanting on my part to deserve it as far
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. H
as possible, that I may not draw disgrace on you, my coun-
try, or myself.
I am, gentlemen.
With sentiments of the most profound respect,
Your most obedient and most hble. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The gentlemen of the New- York Provincial Congress.
[General Schuyler's estimate of the stores, &c. to be sent up to Albany for
forts at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, received and read July 4, A. M.
1775.]
AN ESTIMATE OF MILITARY STORES, PROVISIONS, &c.
50 Swivel guns.
2 Ton musket balls or lead.
What powder can be spared.
2 Dozen bullet moulds.
Soldier's tents for 3500 men; 6 men to a tent.
A proportionable number of bell tents.
Officers tents.
Tents for two general officers and their suite.
15 Casks of 24-penny nails.
10 Casks of 20-penny do.
15 Casks of 10-penny do.
1000 Weight of spike nails.
1 Ton of oakum.
30 Barrels of pitch.
300 Felling axes, exclusive of those for the camp use of the soldiers.
200 Bill hooks.
200 Spades.
200 Shovels.
150 Pick-axes.
20 Crowbars.
20 Mason's trowels.
20 do. hammers.
2 Ton of bar iron.
500 Wt. of steel.
100 Sets of men's harness. I believe there is some in Connecticut.
3 Sets of gunsmith's tools, exclusive of those for the regimental armourer.
3 Sets of blacksmiths's tools.
50 Broad axes.
20 Whip saws.
20 Cross-cut saws.
4 Sets of block and tackles, strong.
50 Wt. of twine.
4 Fishing nets, with ropes.
10 Bolts of sail cloth.
50 Oil cloths, well painted.
1500 Oars 12, 14 and 16 feet long.
500 Fathom of tarred rope for painters for boats.
^ Ton of tarred rope, sorted.
4 Chests of carpenters' tools.
28 Mill saws for Dutch mills.
7 do. for English mills.
5 Dozen mill-saw files.
An assortment of articles in the artillery way, paper.
Shot cannisters.
Fusees.
1 Dozen lime sieves.
50 Small truck carriages: if they are ready made here.
10 Dozen for field pieces ; if do.
Necessaries for a hospital.
3 Month's provision for 4000 men. Much of the meat kind to be fresh,
as it may be drove to the army, and save the heavy expense of trans-
portation.
Whatever arms can be spared.
20 Grass scythes.
Flints.
Sir — The person that commanded the sloop on Lake
Champlain has left here. It is more than probable that I shall
not be able to procure at Ticonderoga such a person as I
should wish to command her. I entreat you therefore to
send me with all possible despatch a person fit to confer
such an important command upon. You will please to
transmit me an account of the agreement you may enter
into with him.
You will please to observe that I have ordered one hun-
dred fat cattle from Connecticut and five hundred barrels
of flour to be purchased here, as part of the estimate I
gave into you at New-York.
The powder from Pennsylvania is not yet arrived. Please
to forward it by the first opportunity.
I am, sir.
Your most obedt. humb. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Albany, July 11, 1775.
12
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
P. S. Please to forward the packet that will be deliver-
ed you, to Mr. Hancock by a safe hand.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. President
of the New- York Provincial Congress.
Albany, July 12th, 1775.
Dear Sir — The troops to the northward are so few and
under so little discipline, that I begin to be apprehensive
of consequences should Governor Carleton make an at-
tempt. I must therefore entreat you to send up all such
as may be raised in this Colony without delay, with such
camp equipage as may be ready ; the remainder must fol-
low. If the entrenching and other tools which I desired
might be sent up have not yet left New-York, pray let them
be forwarded by the very first opportunity, as we stand in
great need of them.
I am, sir,
Your most humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Peter Van Brogh Livingston, Esqr.
President of the New- York Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Gen. Schuyler on the subject of sending up troops to him.]
Saratoga, July I6th, 1775.
Sir — I did myself the honour to write you from Albany
on the 12lh, urging the sending the troops to join me with
all despatch. Every intelligence I receive evinces the ne-
cessity of strengthening the garrisons of Ticonderoga and
Crown Point. The fatal consequences that would follow,
should we be obliged to abandon those places, are too gla-
ringly evident to need illustration. Let me therefore again
entreat you to issue orders to every corps of your troops
in whatever part of the Colony they may be, to march
without delay ; and be pleased, sir, to forward the tents
for those already at the forts. I again beg leave to remind
you that the powder from Philadelphia is not yet come to
hand.
I am, sir, most respectfully.
Your obedient and humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Be pleased to forward the enclosed.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the New- York Congress.
Ticonderoga, July 21st, 1775.
Sir — I am just favoured with a line from Governor
Trumbull ; the enclosed is part of what he writes me and
of what I have said on that subject to the Continental
Congress.
It is not easy to conceive the difficulties I labour under
for want of many of the articles contained in the estimate
which 1 had the honour to deliver you on the 3rd instant,
especially for the entrenching tools and materials for
building.
The swivel guns and the lead I find a sufficiency of
here : you will therefore please to order these, if not al-
ready sent, to be stopped ; instead thereof, to add one ton
of oakum, twenty barrels of pitch, ten lanterns and two
pair of fort colours.
The truck carriages were to be sent, provided they were
ready made ; as they are not, you will please to lake no
farther notice of them.
By a letter from Mr. Curtenius of the 10th, I find he
has delayed sending the oars on account of the heavy ex-
pense of carriage ; but even in that case, they will come
cheaper than to make them here by the workmen from
New-York.
I am very anxious to have the New- York troops with
ine ; their arrival will therefore afford me great satisfaction.
I hope some are on their way up. I have appointed a very
good man as a sutler to supply them here, who is now
preparing for their reception. Too many of them are very
disadvantageous to the soldiers and destructive to the
service.
Intelligence which I have received from Canada advises
that a numerous body of Indians are there ; that Governor
Carleton attempted to engage them against us ; that he be-
lieved he would have litlle success ; that some of the
young men inclined to take up the hatchet, but that the
elderly opposed it ; that the Canadians are averse to enter
into the controversy, the noblesse and very lower order ex-
cepted.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient, humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Peter V. Brdoh Livingston, Esqr.
[A letter from General Schuyler entreating the Congress to send up
troops, &c.]
Ticonderoga, July 22d, 1775.
Sir — I am just favoured with your letter of the 13th in-
stant, enclosing a copy of Colo. Hinman's to the Congress.
Every consideration induces me to take all the precau-
tion possible, more especially as I have four important posts
to maintain with a small number of troops, and those very ill
armed and with liitle ammunition. In this disagreeable
situation, I feel very sensibly the exceeding slowness with
which levies are made in every part of our Colony. Capt.
Molt informs me that I need not expect a reinforcement in
less than a month. Should General Burgoyne (as is re-
ported) be gone with a body of troops to Canada and make
an attack in this quarter in our present weak and de-
fenceless situation — what the consequences would be to the
country are easier conceived than described. I hope such
as are raised, although the regiments may not be complete,
will be ordered up without delay, wilh camp equipage.
I am sir, your most humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Henry Williams, Esq. Chairman of the Committee
of the N. York Congress.
f A letter from General Schuyler praying for troops and a deputy
adjutant-general ]
Ticonderoga, July 26th, 1775.
Gentlemen — I have just received a letter from Mr.
Williams as Chairman of your Committee of Safety in
the recess of the Congress. The difficulties you labour
under wilh respect to equipping the troops for the field are
really very distressing. But yet I should hope that at least
some part of the troops might be furnished with arms, cloth-
ing and blankets, and such might be sent up. Would it not
be proper that those raising at Albany should have clothing
sent to them, if you have any at New- York beyond what
will clothe such as have arms.
For want of a variety of the articles which I begged
might be sent up, I cannot by any means prosecute the
intentions of the Continental Congress. If therefore they
are not yet sent, pray let no delay be made, lest we should
lose an opportunity of doing a service very essential to
the Colonies — to this in particular — and in which delay will
be fatal.
I am informed by the Hono. John Hancock, that the
Congress have recommended to you the appointment
of an adjutant-general or brigade-major for this depart-
ment. An active man and a good disciplinarian is much,
very much wanted indeed, to fill the first mentioned office.
I beg that whoever you may appoint, that you will order
him without delay to join me. I stand in great need of his
services.
Could not a gentleman be got to accept of a commis-
sion as commander of the artillery. Perhaps if rank was
given, it would induce some good man to undertake. Such
an officer is so evidently necessary, that I hope this recom-
mendation will claim your attention.
I am very sensible of your spirited exertions in this
crilical day ; and if I press you to further assistance with
a seeming importunity, it is because the force of necessity
obliges me to it. It is because I wish to see my country-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
13
men about me, that I may have their testimony of my con-
duct.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect and with the
best wishes, your most obedient and
Most humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Provincial Congress of New- York.
[A letter from General Schuyler on the subject of Troops and Mili-
tary Stores.]
Ticonderoga, 27th July, 1775.
Gentlemen — Since my letter of yesterday, I have re-
ceived such intelligence as makes it indispensably neces-
sary that not one moment's delay should be made in for-
warding me the stores mentioned in the estimate I deliver-
ed you on the 3d of July. I have a number of carpenters
and no materials to employ them. A thousand of the Con-
necticut troops are ordered to join me, and I do most
earnestly entreat that such of the men raised in this Colony,
as are furnished with arms, may be sent to Albany without
any delay. General Montgomery is there to forward them
to me.
I am, gentlemen, with great esteem and respect.
Your most obedient and humble servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The New-York Provincial Congress.
Ticonderoga, July 31st, 1775.
Gentlemen — I do myself the honour to enclose you a
copy of a letter and paper I have received from the people
called Green Mountain Boys, together with a copy of my
letter in answer.
I am apprehensive that the controversy which has arisen
amongst them relative to the field officers, will cause delay
in the levies. Whilst at New-York, and even after my
arrival here, on conversing with Allen and Warner, I did
not conceive there would have been any contest between
them, or that a third person would have been recommended
by the people as a field officer ; on that supposition, and
believing the people unanimous in their favour, I should
not have hesitated to have recommended them.
You will please to send up the warrants for the captains
and lieutenants without being filled up, lest any that are
nominated should decline the service. The warrants com-
pleted for such field officers as you may appoint, you will
please to furnish me with.
I have got some New-England men to make oars in this
quarter. If, therefore, you order me six hundred, it will
be sufficient ; these I wish up the soonest possible. Some
of the stores are arrived and I hope the remainder will
soon be here.
I beg leave to remind you that the proper officers and
necessaries for an hospital will be most indispensably ne-
cessary. The troops already here begin severely to feel
the want of them.
Please to order all the powder that is made at Judge Li-
vingston's powder mill to Albany with as much despatch
as possible, directed to the care of the deputy commissary-
general, Walter Livingston, Esqr.
The clothing and tents for the Green Mountain Boys, I
wish you to forward as soon as possible.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Peter Van Betjgh Livingston, Esqr. &c.
Ticonderoga, Jlugust 11th, 1775.
Gentlemen — A party of our men fell in with Mr.
White, sheriff of Tryon county, accompanied with three
while men and as many Indians, at Mr. Gilliland's ; they
were secured and brought up liere.
The Indians I have set at liberty, but lest any insult
should be offered them, I have ordered an officer and a
[Vol. n.] 4
small party to attend them to Albany ; and to convince
them that no evil was intended them, I have desired them
to call on you, and that you would make them a present,
which I beg you to do, and call on Mr. Livingston for the
money to pay it.
The sentiments thrown out by Mr. White and the other
white men, are of so dangerous a nature that it may possi-
bly be imprudent even to let Clement and Bone return to
the Mohawks' country ; but of this you are the most pro-
per judges, as you can determine with more precision than
I what the effects would be with the Mohawks if they
should be detained, and you will act accordingly.
White and the other man I wish to have sent down under
a guard to the Provincial Congress at New-York, and I
beg that you will please to forward them.
I enclose you copies of two letters from Sir John John-
son, as also the examination of some of the party who took
White and his party.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. very humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To the Committee of Albany.
A true copy.
John Bay, Secy.
Ticonderoga, .August Iblh, 1775.
Gentlemen — Yesterday I was favoured with a line from
Mr. Francis Lewis, dated Philadelphia, 2nd August. He
advises me that Congress was adjourned, and that in future
I was to address myself to you ; that he had received se-
veral of my letters to the Continental Congress which he
would lay before you, but as he does not mention of what
date, I suppose there are none later than the 27th ult.
and that the subsequent ones of the 28th and 31st ult. 2nd
and 6th instant had not come to hand. Copies of the two
last of which I enclose you, with copies of such of the pa-
pers alluded to as may be of consequence, lest those letters
should not be delivered you.
Since my last. Major Brown is returned from Canada.
He did not complete my wishes. Enclosed you have his
reports, I cannot learn that either the regular troops or
Indians have been farther south than the lal. of 45°. I
suppose they are apprehensive of an attack. Capt. Smith
fell in with an officer, sergeant and ten Indians. He wish-
ed to speak to them, but they retired to their boats, and on
his approach they fired three vollies, but did not kill or
wound any.
I shall soon have boats sufficient to move what men I am
likely to have here, and therefore wish that any of the ar-
ticles requested in my estimate, and which have not yet
been sent, together wilh such as I have subsequently ap-
plied for, may be immediately forwarded to me. Cartridge
paper and the various articles necessary in the artillery
branch (except guns) I have none of, and as I cannot make
a substitute for any, I wish that not one moment's delay
may be made in sending those from New-York, with orders
that they may not be detained at any place.
I am, gentlemen,
With great respect and esteem,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
The New- York Provincial Congress.
Saratoga, August 19, 1775.
Sir — Yesterday Lt. Colo. Ritzema delivered me your
favour of the 8th instant, with the papers referred to and
enclosed in it.
The mode of procuring arms which you have adopted,
I believe will afford a sufficient and an immediate supply ;
but, after all, I fear they will bo very indifferent, if I may
judge from tlie Connecticut arms, many of which were pro-
cured in the same way. This induces me to hint that no
lime ought to be lost in supplying ourselves with this ne-
cessary article, and that tiiey should be made in every part
14
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
of the Colony where there is any artist that understands it.
I have ordered an hundred gun barrels to New-York, and
as many as the gunsmiths at Albany and Schenectady can
repair, to those places, of those that were found at Crown
Point.
Colo. Ritzema, with the four companies under his com-
mand, is to march this morning from McNiel's, two miles
above this ; his detachment has a quantity of baggage suf-
ficient for three complete regiments. I hope the remain-
der of the troops will leave New-York less burdened.
I am very happy that you have appointed Jno. Duer de-
puty adjutant-general. Should that gentleman refuse to ac-
cept, you will I hope immediately appoint another, as I
stand much in need of one.
Without an artillery officer it will be almost needless to
have cannon, for I cannot find any person amongst the
troops that was ever employed in that branch There arf
gentlemen who have practised in New-York, and I should
hope that if the request was made, that none would refuse
to serve his country on this occasion.
Please to favour me with a list of your military arrange-
ments, that I may know what gentlemen are appointed ;
those with Colo. Ritzema I had not the pleasure of being
acquainted with at New-York.
Fourteen of Colo. Ritzema's men have already deserted
since his arrival at Half-Moon, and I believe he will lose
many more before he reaches Ticonderoga. If those gone,
are like some that remain, we have gained by their going
off.
If it be determined that Ticonderoga is the place to be
kept, I should know it the soonest possible, that such men
as may be left there may be set to work in making the ne-
cessary repairs.
I arrived here yesterday (on a visit to Mrs. Schuyler,
who has been dangerously ill, but is happily out of danger,)
and proposed to return to-morrow to Ticonderoga.
I am, sir, very respectfully,
Your most obedient hum. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Peter V. Brugh Livingston, £sqr. &c.
Saratoga, August 20, 1773.
Sir — I did myself the honour to write you yesterday,
but forgot to answer your request relative to the Green
Mountain Boys. Since my last to you on that subject, I
have heard nothing immediately from them.
Reports prevail that the controversy between Allen and
Warner, is carried to such a length that few men will be
raised ; and that of those that may enlist, very few will have
arms.
I have just now received an express from General Mont-
gomery enclosing the examination of a Canadian, which
confirms our former accounts of the friendly sentiments of
the Canadians; that the vessels building at St. Johns were
ten days ago not begun planking ; that a number of Cana-
dians are ready to join us on our arrival at St. Johns. Pray
send up the cartridge paper and artillery stores with the
utmost speed, as I should be sorry to remain a moment
longer at Ticonderoga than what is absolutely necessary.
I am, sir, most respectfully,
Your obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. &c.
Albany, August 23d, 1775.
Sir — I have the honour to acknowledge your favour of
the 17th inst. enclosing the resolutions of Congress of the
15th, and copy of General Washington's letter of the 10th.
This morning Mr. Warner was with me, for the clothing
and blankets of the Green Mountain Boys. I read your reso-
lution to him, and delivered to him six set of warrants, filled
up agreeably to the choice made by them. The seventh re-
mains blank, as one of the captains declined the service ;
and as these people could not take the field without some
money to procure blankets and arms, I have advanced him
£500 on their pay. 1 did not mention to him your reso-
lution authorizing me to appoint the field officers, as I can
not possibly comply with that requisition. The peculiar
situation of these people, and the controversy they have
had with this Colony, or with gentlemen in it, renders that
matter too delicate for me to determine ; and it was in this
view, that I begged that the warrants for the field officers
might be sent me complete, which I shall still hope to re-
ceive as soon as possible.
I am at a loss to reconcile the spirit of Mr. Lewis's let-
ter (to which I referred in one of mine to you) with what
you say relative to a hospital, in your last. By the for-
mer, I was directed to address myself to you, in the recess
of Congress : by the latter, it would appear that you have
received no directions from the Continental Congress, re-
specting this department. This alarms me much, lest you
should not be able to decide on the several matters con-
tained in the letters, copies of which I had the honour to
transmit you from Ticonderoga.
Our arms are of such a variety of bores, and as the balls
we have were designed only for muskets, we cannot do
any thing without the bullet moulds ; I beg they may be
forwarded without delay.
Immediately on my first arrival at Ticonderoga, I ac-
quainted Governor Trumbull that Colo. Hinman's regi-
ment wanted tents. I have since been informed, that on
the Governor's application, you were to furnish them. If
so, I hope they are on their way up. Half of the troops
are without tents ; and should they not arrive in time, I
tremble for the consequences, as they must necessarily be
exposed to rains and dews, which I fear will make dread-
ful havoc amongst them.
About 700 Indians are now here, and we open the confe-
rence with them to-morrow.
I am, sir, most respectfully.
Your very obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Peter V. B- Livingston, Esqr. President, &c.
Ticonderoga, September 29th, 1775.
Gentlemen — I am still confined with the remains of an
inveterate disorder. I have this moment received a fine
from General Montgomery — he holds St. Johns besieged,
but the weak state of our army and artillery causes the ope-
rations to go on slowly. The Canadians are friendly to us,
and join us in great numbers ; but unless we succeed
against St. Johns, all other operations in that quarter will
avail little. We are in want of powder, and I send this by
express, that you may forward me five tons, if you can. It
should come in boats that can be rowed, that no delay may
be made. Several rascals, of the first battalion, have de-
serted to the enemy, and Capt. Mott, of the same corps,
shamefully ran away from our bomb battery, when not one
of the enemy was near him.
Pray let the powder be sent to the care of Colo. Van
Schaick, at Albany.
We have taken fifteen prisoners, seven of which are sol-
diers ; the rest, unfriendly Canadians and Scotchmen, in
the service of the ministry.
I am, gentlemen, with the most profoimd respect,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
P. S. Be pleased to forward the enclosed by express.
The N. York Provincial Congress.
Ticonderoga, Octr. lAth, 1775.
Sir — Your favour of the sixth inst. was delivered me
yesterday. It gives me great satisfaction to learn that you
have sent me 14001b. of powder, it will be very welcome
but I fear not sufficient, even with 750 which is arrived
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
15
from Albany. If more can be procured, I shall hope it
will be forwarded without delay.
My last accounts from St. Johns were of the 6th. Ge-
neral Montgomery is carrying on his approaches as fast as
the difficulties he hath to struggle with will permit. Every
species of artillery stores are in some measure wanted.
The Canadians are not only friendly, but join in conside-
rable numbers, and the garrison of St. Johns is so com-
pletely invested, that not the least succour can be thrown
in of any kind. I hope soon to give you an account of its
reduction.
My disorders have taken such deep root, that I now be-
gin to have little hopes of a recovery so as to take an actual
part in the future operations of the campaign. I hope,
however, that I shall not be obliged to leave this place,
unhealthy and unfavourable to my recovery as it is, lest
it shouldi nvolve General Montgomery in irremediable in-
conveniences.
I ara, sir, with great respect, your and the
Congress's most obliged,
Obedient and very hble. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Colo. WOODHULL.
Ticonderoga, Octo. 26th, 1775, 2 o'clock, P. M.
Sir — I am favoured with an express from General Mont-
gomery. The fort and garrison at Chamblee in which
Major Stopford of the royal fusiliers commanded, has sur-
rendered to our troops. One hundred and twenty-four
barrels of powder and a considerable quantity of prepared
ammunition, together with a quantity of provisions, has
fallen into our hands : the reduction of St. Johns seems of
course. We have already sunk their best vessels of
force. A party of ours consisting of about five hundred,
that were stationed at Laprairie, has been attacked, but
the assailants were repulsed with some loss. I hope the
success which attends and promises to attend the American
arms, will induce a misinformed ministry to adopt other
measures to bring about a reconciliation.
I am, sir, with the most respectful sentiments, yours
and the Congress's most obedient and
Very humble servt.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. &c.
Ticonderoga, November 1th 1775.
Gentlemen — I am this moment honoured with General
Montgomery's despatches, advising me of the reduction
of St. Johns, which surrendered on the third instant. On
this interesting event, I congratulate you, with all that sat-
isfaction, which reduction from a hope, that it will be another
step towards inducing the Ministry to hearken to the wish
of America for a reconciliation — and that General Mont-
gomery commanded, whom you recommended in such a
polite manner to Congress. The difficulties he has had to
surmount would be too long for a letter at a time when I
wish his success should be known the soonest possible.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
P. S. General Carlton attempted our post at L'onguil
and although he had a considerable body, he has been beat
back with loss.
The New York Provincial Congress.
Ticonderoga, Nov. iSth 1775.
Sir — I have the honour to congratulate you on the suc-
cess of our arms in the reduction of Montreal, which was
delivered up to General Montgomery on the 13th instant.
You will feel a particular satisfaction in the reflection that
you recommended this brave, experienced and sensible gen-
tleman to a command — may indulgent Heaven smile on
our honest endeavours in every future contest that an infa-
tuated Ministry may sec the errors they have gone into, and
that peace, mutual love, and interest may again unite Bri-
tons and Americans to the most indissoluble ties and erect
one mighty empire, which the hand of the Great Architect
of the universe only will be able to crush.
I am, sir, with sentiment of great respect for you, and
the respectable body in which you preside.
Your most obedt. hum. servt,
P. SCHUYLER.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. &c.
Ticonderoga, November 20th 1775.
Gentlemen. — As I am not advised of what money has
been advanced the troops raised in the Colony, I find it im-
possible to pay them without the hazard of going beyond
what they ought to have, especially as several of the offi-
cers do not know what they have received: you will there-
fore please, with all possible despatch to transmit me an
account of what has been paid by Congress, their agents,
or committees, specifying the officers' names, to whom, by
whom, and when, and distinguishing between billeting
money and pay.
The frost is so intense that this lake is already in many
parts covered with ice, and if it continues a few days lon-
ger, I fear our intercourse with Canada will be cut off for
this year.
I am, gentlemen, most respectfully
Your obedt. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Philadelphia, 30th May, 1775.
Gentlemen — We received your favour of 26th instant,
and have the pleasure of informing you that the manner in
which you have executed your trust was very acceptable to
the Congress to whom we communicated it. We shall pay
a particular attention to what you say on the subject of a
paper currency, since we are well apprised both of its diffi-
culty and importance ; and we wish you to be speedy in
your determinations upon it, as it may throw some light
upon the subject that we may otherwise want. You see
by the order of the Congress heretofore sent you, that they
have trusted to your prudence the appointment of officers.
As we have the pleasure to hear that the principle people
in every county have stepped forth upon this important oc-
casion, we make no doubt that they will continue the same
conduct, and not refuse to accept those commands which
we imagine you will see the propriety of placing in no
other hands, both on the account of the influence they
will have among yourselves, and the effect it may probably
have in England. If gentlemen, there is any thing that
you may think serviceable to you, either on the subject of
the above resolves, or any other, you will oblige us by a
free communication of your thoughts upon the same, to
which you may be persuaded we shall pay the greatest
deference. We would just hint that if there are any
counties in which no committees have been chosen, as we
are informed there are, that it would be proper to recom-
mend that they be immediately elected, as the numbers in-
terested win give strength to the cause. We observe that
Tryon county has not sent Deputies to your Convention,
and would submit it to your consideration, whether it
would not be proper to send them a message suggesting
the inconvenience attending such conduct, and the necessi-
ty it will lay you under of breaking off all connection with
them.
We should be glad to have a particular account from you
of any measures that you may have taken to establish
post riders.
And are, gentlemen, with great respect,
Your most obedt. humble servts.
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
GEO. CLINTON,
LEWIS MORRIS,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junr.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON.
To the Provincial Congress of New-York.
16
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Gentlemen — We are now to acknowledge the honour
of your despatches of the 7th inst.
We have long foreseen the difficulties you must be re-
duced to for want of money ; they will not be lessened
by the resolutions of the Congress of yesterday, recomend-
ing it to you to procure and forward five thousand barrels
of flour for the use of the army at Boston.
We communicated the paragraph of your letter in which
you complain that unless the Congress shall make some
speedy order, with relation to the levying of money it
will be impossible for you to comply with their farther re-
quests. They however seem persuaded that their vote of
credit which accompanies the order for the supply will re-
move every obstruction ; and relying on your zeal for the
common cause, they hope you will be able to throw in this
provision which we are apprehensive will soon become
highly necessary.
We may venture to hint to you that the emission of pa-
per money will be discussed on Monday ; and we expect
in the course of next week to be able to present you with
a determination of this important business, which will free
us from much anxiety.
We shall not fail to attend to what you suggest concern-
ing the Indians. This is an object to our Colony of the
highest moment ; and we hope in due time it will be con-
sidered by the Congress. We think the Indians will not
be disposed to engage in this unhappy quarrel, unless de-
ceived and deluded by misrepresentations, and this with
vigilance and care on our part can be prevented ; as one
step towards it, which we much applaud, are the as-
surances you have given the superintendent of his safety.
From the temper and customs of the Indians, they would
illy brook the extinguishing of their council fire ; and had
it been damped by any violence to Col. Johnston's person
or property, they must have been alarmed and very pro-
bably excited to extremities.
It is much to be lamented that we are still destitute of
ammunition. The government of Connecticut have been
more provident or more fortunate, and will be able to sup-
ply the forces at Ticonderoga with powder.
We commend your caution in addressing two letters to
us upon the subject of general ofl&cers to command our
troops. What we wrote to you was in the character of
your own immediate Delegates ; and with a view to dis-
cover the sense of our Colony, that we might, when this
matter come to be debated in Congress, be fortified with
your opinion and arguments ; which having obtained, we
shall, to the utmost of our power, enforce your recommen-
dations.
Your remarks on the resolution of the Continental Con-
gress relative to the taking post at Kings Bridge, appear to
us to be conclusive; we shall, however, lay them before
our body as soon as the other important matters under con-
sideration are determined.
We have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most humble servants,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
FRANS. LEWIS,
WM. FLOYD,
JOHN ALSOP.
Philadelphia, 10th June, 1775.
To the Provincial Congress, at New- York.
Gentlemen — We have received your letter of the 23d
inst. and are sorry to be informed of your being retarded
by any difficulties in completing your levies.
It would be extremely imprudent to suggest the least
hint of your objections to the Congress. Be assured that
the northern and some other Colonies are ready to raise
men almost on any terms, and would be happy in an op-
portunity of furnishing troops without any allowance, for
bounty or clothes.
Permit us earnestly to recommend to you to proceed in
this business with alacrity and despatch. The honor as
well as the interest of the Province is much concerned in
the success of this measure. Your neighbours of Connec-
ticut boast of their having raised their men in ten days
time — endeavour not to be behind hand with them.
We have the pleasure to acquaint you that a Continental
currency is forming, and when completed you will be im-
mediately supplied with a sum adequate to your exigencies.
If forces can not be raised without bounties, we beg
leave to submit it to your consideration, whether it would
not be better to do it at the expense of the Province or by
advancing it on the credit of their pay, than lose the op-
portunity of signalizing your attachment to the cause and
provide for a great number of your poor.
From the intelligence we have received of the state of
ammunition in your city and Province, we are apprehen-
sive that you are so destitute of powder as to be exposed
to very imminent danger in case of an attack, against
which we think it extremely necessary that provision be
speedily made.
We fear there are too many in New-York who flatter
themselves with safety and security from the removal of
the troops. For our parts we consider it as a mere tem-
porary suspension of danger, and that this opportunity of
putting the country in a posture of defence, is very fortu-
nate and by all means to be improved.
We are, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedt. and hble. servts.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JOHN ALSOP,
JOHN JAY,
WM. FLOYD,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junr.
Philadelphia, 30th June, 1775.
P. S. Since writing the above the Congress has re-
quested the committee of Philadelphia immediately to send
forward 59 qr. casks of powder. It set out this day, con-
signed to the committee at Elizabeth Town who will send
it to Dobbs ferry. You are requested to provide for its
being immediately taken from thence and carried to Al-
bany for the use of the troops at Ticonderoga and Crown
Point, &c.
Philadelphia, 6th July, 1775.
Gentlemen — We have the honour of your favour of
the 29th of June, accompanying your plan and proceed-
ings respecting an accommodation with the parent State.
Nothing could be more interesting or acceptable to us than
a communication of the sentiments and wishes of our
worthy constituents on this most important subject ; and
while we applaud the wisdom of your decisions, we beg
you to be assured that they shall command our most ear-
nest and respectful attention.
Deeply sensible of the calamities of a civil war, we
have nothing more at heart than to be instrumental in com-
promising this unnatural quarrel between the two countries,
on the solid basis of mutual justice and constitutional
liberty ; and the most strenuous efforts on our part shall
be exerted with unremitting ardour to accomplish this sa-
lutary purpose.
We acknowledge with the utmost gratitude the defe-
rence you are pleased to pay to our judgment, and your
delicacy in leaving us unrestrained in a point, of all others
the most essential to yourselves and your posterity — to the
Continent of America and the whole British Empire ; and
happy shall we esteem ourselves, if, in the discharge of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
17
this difficult and arduous trust we shall merit your appro-
bation and the confidence of our country.
We have the honour to be, with the greatest respect,
gentlemen,
Your most obedient hum. servants,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junr.
HENRY WISNER,
WM. FLOYD,
JOHN JAY.
Provincial Congress of New-York.
P. S. We have unanimously agreed to be silent on that
article in the plan of accommodation, which asserts " that
no earthly legislature or tribunal ought or can of right in-
terfere or interpose in any wise howsoever in the religious
and ecclesiastical concerns of the Colonies, as the inhabi-
tants of the Continent are happily united in a political
creed." We are of opinion that it would be highly impru-
dent to run the risk of dividing them by the introduction
of disputes foreign to the present controversy, especially
as the discussion of them can be attended with no one
single advantage : they are points about which mankind
will forever differ, and therefore should always, and at
least in times like these be kept out of sight. We are the
more confirmed in these sentiments by this circumstance,
that both this and the former Congress have cautiously
avoided the least hint on subjects of this kind, all the
members concurring in a desire of burying all disputes
on ecclesiastical points, which have for ages had no other
tendency than that of banishing peace and charity from the
world.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
JOHN JAY,
FRANS. LEWIS,
WM. FLOYD,
HENRY WISNER,
LEWIS MORRIS,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junb.
N. B. The other Delegates are absent.
July 8th, 1775.
Phila. July 17, 1775.
Sir — As the appointment of a brigade-major to the
army under Major-General Schuyler's command, is by the
Continental Congress recommended to your choice, we
beg leave to introduce Mr. Morgan Lewis, to your favour
for that appointment, being informed it would be agreeable
to General Schuyler, who has promised him that office
with the approbation of your Convention.
We have the honour to be sir.
Your very humble servts.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JOHN ALSOP,
WM. FLOYD,
HENRY WISNER,
LEWIS MORRIS,
JOHN JAY.
To Peteh V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincal Convention at New York.
Phila. July 18, 1775.
Gentlemen — We are honoured with your despatches of
the 12lh, and 15th, instant, and detained the express till
after the rising of the Congress this day, in expectation of
giving you the establishment of the army, which is expec-
ted but not fully confirmed and perfected; but to our great
concern such was the state of the business before the House
that we were disappointed ; we shall however seize the first
opportunity to draw this important point to a conclusion.
In the meantime, as your troops are sure of being placed
on an equal footing with their neighbours, it is hoped the
difficulty will not be insurmountable. This is all the satis-
faction which we can at present give you on that head.
From a want of proper directions from those who had
the charge of transporting the powder for the use of Major-
General Schuyler's department, from this city to Eliza-
beth Town, it has unfortunately been delayed on the road.
[Vol. II.] 5
We could do no more than complain. The fault will be
repaired, and you may expect it soon.
We are not insensible of the distress to whichyou must
be reduced for the want of money, arms and powder — with
the first you will soon be supplied. The difficulties attend-
ing an emmission so uncommon, of which the necessary
guards against counterfeits is not the least, has rendered
its progress very tedious. We can give you no assurances
of a supply of arms and ammunition from this quarter.
Every scheme which could be devised to procure them from
abroad has been pursued, and on their success and the ef-
forts of the different Colonies, we must depend ; for in the
southern provinces there is very little and none to be
spared. Some blankets are to be had in this city, which
will be purchased as soon as the money is issued.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servts.
LEWIS MORRIS,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAMES DUANE,
HENRY WISNER.
Committee of Safety of New- York.
Gentlemen — We have received your letter of the
18th and 22d, inst. and though sensible of the inconve-
niences arising from a scarcity of arms, are much at a loss
respecting the best measures for a supply. As we have
good reason to believe that an application to the Congress
to recommend a loan of the Jersey arms would not suc-
ceed, we have agreed not to make it. No Colony has as yet
given the Congress any trouble on that head, and we are
unwilling that New-York should be the first ; we advise
however that accurate accounts of disbursements for arms
be kept, so that should any charges of that kind be made
against the Continent, our Colony may be prepared to sup-
port their claim. Besides, it is easy to foresee that New-
Jersey under the present circumstances of public officers,
would very reluctantly part with their arms, and be dis-
pleased with any recommendation for that purpose.
Permit us to recommend to your most serious attention
the necessity of laying your hands on all the powder that
is, or may be, imported into the Colony ; we think none
should be permitted to go out of the Province, but by the
express direction of the Congress or your Committee, and
that magazines of that article should be formed in diffe-
rent parts of the Province, and not that the whole be
risked in one place. We hope our Province will depend
for defence on their own exertions, and without delay put
the militia on the footing recommended by the Congress.
The Delegates of New Jersey are charged with the
transportation of two tons and a half of powder to Dobb's
Ferry, where the Congress desire you to have a boat ready
to receive and forward it to Gen. Schuyler.
As to a treaty or conference with the Five Nations, the
Congress has already provided for it, and consequently it
would be improper to lay the papers you sent us on that
subject, before the Congress.
We are, gentlemen, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedt. and hble. servt.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
LEWIS MORRIS,!
GEO. CLINTON,
JOHN JAY,
JAS. DUANE.
Philadelphia, July 29, 1775.
P. S. Wc recommend to you to collect all your ac-
counts against the Continent with all convenient speed : it is
probable that a committee will be appointed to examine
them. Mr. Hazard is appointed deputy postmaster for
New-York. The Continental money is signing and will be
ready next week.
The Committee of Safety of the Colony of New- York.
Gentlemen — We have the honour of your favour of
the 9th instant, which we instantly communicated to tiie
Congress. Deputy-Adjutant Flemming's commission, with
18
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &;c.
the rank of colonel, and a nunaber of blanks, which you
request, have already been forwarded ; and you may be
assured that we shall be altenlive to your want of powder,
and embrace every opportunity to supply it.
The article of tea gives us real anxiety. We sincerely
wish to relieve our suffering fellow-citizens by enabling
them to dispose of what, so much to their misfortune, lies
useless and perishing upon their hands. You cannot be
insensible of the delicacy of this subject, and how many
difficulties we have to struggle with to accomplish your
humane request. Whether we shall succeed or not, it is
out of our power to determine. We are not without hopes.
But whatever may be the event, you may rely upon our ut-
most exertions to obtain the permission which you solicit.
We have the honour to be, gentn.
Your most obedt. humble servants,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
JOHN JAY,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junr.
FRANS. LEWIS.
Philad. 20th Seplem. 1775.
To the Committee of Safety of New-York.
Philadelphia, 20th Septr. 1775.
Gentlemen — George Nicholson came a stranger into
Annapolis, about two years ago, in the character, we be-
lieve, of doctor, in a ship which imported servants. He
remained in Annapolis and its neighbourhood till lately.
He was amongst the first to enrol himself in a company of
militia last winter, and has uniformly, as far as we have
ever understood, expressed himself favourably to the cause
of American liberty. As to his veracity or moral charac-
ter, though he is personally known to each of us, neither
of us know any thing remarkable or particular on either
side.
We are, gentlemen, with great respect,
Your most obedt. servts.
THS. JOHNSON, Junr.
SAMUEL CHASE,
WM. PACA.
Philadelphia, 9th Odor. 1775.
Gent. — We received your favour of the 4th inst. con-
taining an account of the troops raised in our Colony, of
which we shall make the proper use. The Congress ap-
prove highly of your diligence in the erection of fortifica-
tions on Hudson's river. You will, I believe, receive by
this conveyance, their sentiments on this subject, as well
as extracts of some letters that show its propriety and the
designs of administration against us.
We sincerely lament the necessity to which the want of
gunpowder may reduce us, and have endeavoured, as far
as lies in our power, to remove it by procuring you, at the
Continental expense, one ton, which was all that could be
obtained. You will take care not to forward this, unless
you know how to supply yourselves, for it is not the de-
sign of the Congress that you should at any time be en-
tirely at the mercy of your enemy.
We shall take care to get your artillery company put
upon a pioper footing, in which we apprehend no difficulty.
As to the want of clothing for our troops, we are not with-
out hopes that that may be provided for in Canada, of which
we can not but flatter ourselves they will shortly be in pos-
session.
We remain, gentlemen.
With the greatest respect.
Your most obt. humble servts.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JOHN ALSOP,
JAS. DUANE,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junr.
To the Honourable the Convention of the
Province of New- York.
Philadelphia, IGlh Octr. 1775.
Gent. — Four of your Delegates being absent on pub-
lic business, and another detained by ill health, we are at
present reduced to five, less than which number are in-
sufficient to form a representation, so that in case of sick-
ness or the necessary absence of any one of us, our Pro-
vince remains unrepresented.
We submit it therefore to your consideration whether a
delegation of the powers to three when the rest are absent,
would not be advantageous to the Colony ?
We beg to be favoured with your answer to this as soon
as possible, and have the honour to be.
With the greatest respect,
Your most obd. hum. servants,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Jckb.
HENRY WISNER,
JOHN JAY.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
[A letter from New-York Delegates at Philadelphia, relative to expor-
tation, enclosing resolution of Congress on same subject]
Sir — We have the pleasure of enclosing you a resolve
passed this day in Congress, which we hope will enable
our Province to provide ammunition with certainty and
despatch.
You will easily perceive the propriety of keeping it as
secret as the nature of the business will admit ; and we
have particular reasons for wishing that the vessels intend-
ed for this voyage may be soon despatched.
We have declined informing Mr. Fine of the purport of
this resolve, thinking it more prudent to refer the whole to
your discretion. It will not be long before you will be
made acquainted with the sentiments of the Congress re-
specting the general state of the trade. As to a certain
necessary article, it is not as yet to be procured here.
We are, sir, with the greatest respect, the Convention's
and
Your verv hble. servts.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Junr.
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN JAY,
To Nath. Woodhull. Esq.
[A Resolve of Continental Congress, that the respective Colonies ex-
port certain kinds of provisions, for the purchase of arms and ammuni-
tion.]
In Congress, 26th Oct. 1775.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the several Pro-
vincial Assemblies, Conventions or Councils of Safety of
the United Colonies, to export to the foreign West-Indies,
on account and risk of their respective Colonies, as much
provision or any other produce, except horned cattle, sheep,
hogs and poultry, as they may deem necessary for the im-
portation of arms, ammunition, sulphur and saltpetre.
Extract from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
Philadelphia, 3d Nov. 1775.
Gentlemen — On perusing our credentials we find the
continuance of our delegation unlimited. As this appears
to us an omission of great importance, we think it our duty
to apprise you of it, and hope that no delicacy with respect
to us may influence you to decline a new appointment.
We have been informed that compensation for our ex-
penses and loss of time, is under your consideration ; and
as we presume an account of the provision made by the
other Colonies for their respective Delegates would be
agreeable to you, we take the liberty of subjoining it :
Georgia £100 ster. to each Delegate per month.
S. Carolina . .. .300 ster. to each for the last Congress.
N. Carolina. . . .500 currency to each per year.
Virginia A half johs. per day to each.
Maryland 40s. to each per day Prov
Pennsylvania. . .20s. to each per day, besides the allowance to such
of the members as come from the country.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
19
Connecticut ... .3 dollars to each per day for loss of time, besides all
expenses, allowing each Delegate a servant
and two horses.
Rhode-Islar.d . . . Exactly the same as Connecticut.
Massachusetts . . All expenses as above, and 2 dollars to each per day.
New-Hampshire . All expenses as above, and half a guinea per day
to each.
We are, sir, with the greatest respect, the Congress's
and
Your hble. servts.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSON, Junk.
FRANS. LEWIS,
HENRY WISNER,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
JOHN JAY,
WM. FLOYD.
Colo. Nathaniel Woodhull, President of the
Convention of the Province of New-York.
Gentlemen — I have the honour of transmitting to you
the enclosed resolutions of the Congress, in obedience to
their order.
Our letter on the subject of the fortress on Hudson's
river remains unanswered. It is of so much importance
that our Colony should be satisfied of the fidelity and abili-
ties of the officer to whom this command is entrusted, that
we wait impatiently for your recommendation, flattering
ourselves that it will have its full weight. We have pro-
cured an order in your favour for 50,000 dollars, agreeably
to the request of the late Congress ; and as soon as the
bills are signed, which has been unaccountably protracted
by the gentlemen who undertook this business, the money
will be forwarded.
1 have the honour to be, with the greatest respect, gent.
Your most obedient hum. servant
JAS. DUANE.
Philad. 2Sth Novem. 1775.
Hono. Convention of New- York.
P. S. The resolutions referred to in the enclosed ex-
tracts, is in the press and will speedily be published among
other acts of Congress. 500 weight of powder is now
forwarded, it was borrowed from Pennsylvania by the Con-
gress with difficulty.
Philadelphia, 19 Oct. YIl^.
Sir — The Continental Congress having been pleased to
appoint us a committee for collecting an account of the
hoslihties committed by the Ministerial troops and navy in
America, since last March, with proper evidence of the
truth of the facts related, the number and value of the
buildings destroyed, and of the vessels, inward and out-
ward bound, seized by them, as nearly as can be ascer-
tained ; and also, the stock taken by them from different
parts of the Continent, as you may see by the resolve en-
closed ; we entreat the assistance of the Convention of
your Colony in this business, that we may be enabled to
perform what is required of us, in the manner and with
the expedition Congress expects ; and to that end, you
will be pleased to furnish us with the necessary materials,
sending to us clear, distinct, full and circumstantial details
of the hostile and destructive acts, and the captures or
seizures and depredations in your Colony, and accurate
estimates of the loss and damage, with the solemn exami-
nations of witnesses and other papers and documents, offi-
cially authenticated.
We are, sir,
Your obedient humble servants,
SILAS DEANE,
JOHN ADAMS,
GEORGE WYTHE.
Hartford, May 21th, A. D. 1775.
Gentlemen— The General Assembly of this Colony,
now sitting in this place, having received intelligence of
the imminent danger of the people at Ticonderoga and
Crown Point, by reason of a threatened attack from the
Province of Quebec, in a letter from Colo. Arnold, who
at present commands there, of the 23d instant, a copy of
which we send you enclosed, which may deprive the Co-
lonies of those important posts before the resolve of the
Continental Congress respecting them could be carried
into execution in your Province, have, from the pressing
and urgent necessity of the case, given orders that 5001b.
of powder should be sent there, and that four companies
of one hundred men each should march immediately for
support and defence of the men there, and for the security
and defence of the artillery and stores there, until they
may be removed and secured agreeably to the resolve of
the Continental Congress, or until relieved by your Pro-
vince.
This Assembly acquiesces in the resolve of Congress
that puts the said fortresses under the direction of the Pro-
vince of New-York, and in the steps they have now taken,
would, by no means, be considered as invading the Pro-
vince or intermeddling with the service entrusted to the
Province of New- York ; but as they first had the intelli-
gence of their danger and had troops ready which might
be spared for the present, they thought it their duty to
provide against the present danger until you might be ad-
vised of their situation, and take such measures as your
wisdom and prudence shall suggest for their safety and
defence.
I am, in behalf of the General Assembly of Connec-
ticut, with great truth and regard, gentlemen.
Your most obedient and most humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
The Honourable the Provincial Congress,
of the Colony of New- York.
Hartford, May 29th, 1775.
Gentlemen — Your favour of 25th May instant, came
safe per M. Brown. This Assembly have entered into
the consideration of its contents, and have come into the
following resolutions in consequence thereof:
That one thousand men including those four companies
which were before sent forward under command of Colo.
Benjamin Hinman, march as soon as possible to Ticonde-
roga and Crown Point, for the support and defence of
those fortresses, and that they there continue till they are
relieved by the Province of New-York or are otherwise
ordered by this Assembly. That Colo. Hinman take the
command of our troops destined to those stations. That
the troops be furnished with one pound of powder and
three pounds of bullets to each soldier. That Colo. Hin-
man be ordered to keep up the strictest vigilance to pre-
vent any hostile incursion from being made into the set-
lemenls of the Province of Quebec ; and that the Provin-
cial Congresses of N. York and Massachusetts Bay be
advised of these measures, and the N. York Congress be
requested to forward the necessary supply for said troops,
and such further supplies of ammunition as they shall
judge necessary.
The above transactions will manifest the readiness with
which this Assembly have complied with your desires.
I am, with great truth and regard, in behalf of the Go-
vernor and Company of Connecticut, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Provincial Congress of New York.
Hartford, 30th May, 1775-
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 27th instant, by ex-
press, came safe to hand. The contents have been duly
considered, and in reply, have the pleasure to acquaint you
that we had before received the resolve of the Congress at
New-York, with their request to send forward some forces
to the northward to keep those important posts until such
time as they might be relieved by troops from your Colo-
20
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
ny. We have accordingly ordered one thousand troops,
under comnnand of Colo. Hinnnan, to march innmediately
to Ticonderoga and Crown Point, furnished with one pound
of powder and three pound of ball to each soldier ; to con-
tinue there until relieved by the Province of New-York, or
are otherwise ordered ; also sent forward under the care of
Colo. Easton, of Pittsfield, five hundred weight of powder
for those fortresses ; and forward advice of our doings to
the Provincial Congresses both at Massachusetts and New-
York, just before the receipt of your letter, which renders
it unnecessary your express should go forward to the Con-
gress at Massachusetts Bay. Col. Hinman is directed to
exercise the greatest vigilance, that no incursions be nnade
into the Province of Quebec to disturb the inhabitants there.
It is hoped that the Provincial Congress at New-York will
forward supplies of provisions, and whatever may be
thought necessary ; and that the people in your Province,
who are under the best advantage, from their situation,
will spare no endeavours that may be beneficial to preserve
peace and harmony with the Indians, and prevent their
taking part against, but rather that they take part for the
security of the liberties of these Colonies, wherein their
own happiness so much depends.
I am, with great truth and regard, in behalf of the Go-
vernor and Company of the Colony of Connecticut,
Gentlemen,
Your obedient and humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
A true copy.
John Bay, Secry. pro tern.
Samuel Stringer, Esqr. Chairman of the Committee at Albany.
Lebanon, 19th June, 1775.
Sir — Your favour of the 29th May have received and
note the contents. Am also favoured with yours of the 6th
instant, enclosing the resolution of the Continental Con-
gress of the 31st of May, with the lists of articles ordered
to be sent to Crown Point and Ticonderoga, and the per-
sons employed in that service. We hope soon to hear you
are well supplied with the necessary article of powder, and
are able to furnish others with it. As to the supplies of
our troops, the necessary provisions must be furnished from
us if not done by you. On application for fresh provisions,
have ordered a drove of fat cattle to move forward to fur-
nish them with fresh beef for the present. You have en-
closed an extract of our act of Assembly, directing the
supplies of our troops. Am also to acknowledge your
favour of the 10th instant, wherein you mention the for-
warding a quantity of powder, which I am advised is ar-
rived at Stamford. Shall, agreeable to your desire, imme-
diately forward fronri hence the like quantity, 655 lbs. to
the camp at Cambridge. The proceedings of your Pro-
vincial Congress of the 14th instant, enclosing the intelli-
gence given them by Capt. Thomson, came safe to hand,
a copy of which intelligence I have forwarded to the camp
at Cambridge ; and in compliance with your request to
Major-General Wooster, have ordered seventeen hundred
men under his command to march immediately within five
miles of the city of New- York, subjected to the orders of
the Continental Congress and Provincial Congress in New-
York. Have appointed Capt. Elisha Phelps commissary,
to receive at Albany and forward the supplies of provisions
for the forces on Lake Champlain, agreeably to resolve of
the Continental Congress of the Istinst. This gentleman
was one of the first in taking possession of those fortres-
ses, and doubt not he will conduct with prudence and to
good satisfaction. Have directed him to correspond with
Colo. Hinman ; to employ persons already engaged, espe-
cially George Palmer, Esqr. and in such manner as to give
no uneasiness to our friends in Albany.
I am, with great truth and regard, sir,
Your obedient and most humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
To the Honble. P. V. B. Livingston,
President of the Provincial Congress at New- York.
[Extract of a letter, dated Lebanon, 17th July, 1775, from the Honble.
Governor Trumbull, to Major-General Schuyler. J
" I have to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of
the 10th instant, which came per Bennet. Per same hand
I received a letter from Colo. Hinman, at Ticonderoga, in
which he says : ' There are many things which the act of
Assembly provides for the soldiers, which they have never
as yet received, which occasions murmuring and discon-
tent, and much weakens my authority among them.' Copy
of the act of our Assembly has been forwarded some time
ago to the Provincial Convention of New-York. Our
commissary Mr. Elisha Phelps, has also a copy. If New-
York does not supply our troops as they have right to ex-
pect, this Colony must fulfil their engagements themselves.
I pray your interposition in this matter."
[Extract of a letter, dated Ticonderoga, July 21, 1775, from Major-
General Schuyler, to the Continental Congress.]
" Enclose you a copy of a letter I have just received
from Governor Trumbull. I am very sorry that the Colo-
ny of Connecticut has made such large allowance for the
daily subsistence of their men. It is difficult and expen-
sive to procure the things here, which they are to have
agreeably to the law of their Colony ; and what is worse,
other troops that may join, will certainly expect the like
allowance, and a discrimination cannot be made in favour
of the troops of any particular Colony,
" A resolve of Congress, what shall be the Conlinenlal
allowance, and that no Colony shall send their troops any
thing more than what shall be so prescribed, would settle
the matter, and prevent that jealousy which will otherwise
take place."
Lebanon, 25th July, 1775.
Sir — Yesterday I received per express a letter from
Genl. Schuyler, dated Ticonderoga, 18th July, a copy of
part of which I herewith send you :
" I find the troops from your Colony under the command
of Colo. Hinman, destitute of tents, an article they much
stand in need of, being now crowded into bad barracks,
which I fear will be productive of disease. Should it be im-
possible to procure the materials for making tents in your
Colony, they may possibly be furnished by the New- York
Congress, which can make no material difi'eience, as it will
probably be a Continental expense."
On consideration that this Colony is so far exhausted of
materials for making tents, that it will be very difficult, if
not impossible, to furnish them in any tolerable season ;
and considering the much greater convenience, in point of
conveyance, with which they maybe had from New- York,
I have thought proper to desire that your Province will fur-
nish our troops under command of Colo. Hinman, with
such number of tents as will be necessary for their use.
The complement of men to his said regiment is 1000, in-
cluding officers.
You will please to inform me per return of this express
whether my request may be complied with, as on failure
we shall endeavour to exert ourselves in the best manner
we can.
I am, with great truth and esteem, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Hon. P. V. Livingston.
[A letter from Governor Trumbull on the subject of tents and pork.]
Lebanon, Augt. 21, 1775.
Sir — I received your favour of the 28th last, long since,
and with pleasure noted the contents, and the noble, for-
ward disposition of your respectable Congress, to pro-
mole a service of so great a necessity and importance as
supplying the northern army, among many other necessa-
ries, with tents, which I should not have asked of you for
the troops of this Colony, but from a sense that the cause
is common, and that we are extremely exhausted of mate-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
21
rials for tents ; and that it was proposed to me by Maj.
Gen. Schuyler, that you could probably do it with ease ;
and from your favourable assurances I hope they were re-
ceived at his camp before this ; but am unhappy to find by
letters of the 14th inst. received this morning from General
Schuyler and Col. Hinman, that they have not received nor
heard of any coming to them, and expressing fears that
the proposed progress of the army may be impeded, dis-
appointed, or Col. Hinman's regiment may greatly suffer
for want of them.
I must beg the favour of you, since you were pleased to
undertake it, and in confidence thereof we have neglected
any attempt to supply them, and as it is of so great import-
ance to the whole Continent, and very particularly so to
your city and Province, that they should be supplied and
succoured in their designs. That you will be pleased to
forward those tents in the most speedy manner possible,
the season being far advanced.
You are pleased to mention our remitting the money for
them ; you may rely that if the expense is not seasonably
defrayed by the Continental Congress, this Colony will not
fail of doing it, although they have already, without grudg-
ing, advanced near £150,000 this currency.
On motion of Mr. Livingston, I lately gave Mr. Rans-
selaer a permit to purchase in and carry out of this Co-
lony for the use of said northern army, four hundred and
fifty barrels of pork, although there is a scarcity of it
among us ; and in pursuance of an advisary caution from
His Excellency Genl, Washington, have since wrote and
required of Mr. Ransselaer not to suffer any of it to be
water borne to New-York, lest it might fall into the hands
of our enemies, but to transport it directly to the North
river, almost as near as the Sound, to any place where it
can be purchased. I doubt not you will approve of this
precaution, and cause the same pork to be forwarded with
all possible expedition to Genl. Schuyler.
I am, with esteem and regard, sir.
Your obedient humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
To the Hon. P. V. B. Livingston,
President of the Hon. Provincial Congress, New- York.
Lebanon, October 9th 1775.
Sir — I have this moment received your favour of the
6th instant, enclosing an extract of your letter from Gener-
al Schuyler, also requesting me to give such aid in the
necessary article you mention, as may be in my power. I
have just received General Washington's letter of the 5th
instant, advising that a small fleet consisting of a 64 gun
ship, a 20, 2 sloops of 18 guns, 2 transports, and about
600 men, with 2 morters, 4 howitzers on board, had just
sailed from Boston, from which he suspects they intended
to bombard some town on the coast. We have this day
received by report a transient account that some ships were
cannonading the town of Bristol on the last Saturday ; but
have not got any certain intelligence of the matter. We are
in expectation they may appear soon on our coast ; that un-
der the present situation of affairs, we are not able to lend
any aid in the necessary article you mention, having made
so many disbursements of that article already.
I am, most respectfully, sir.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Honble. President Woodhull.
Lebanon, November 22, 1775.
Sir — Your letter of Oct. 17th last, enclosing copy of
the minutes of Congress directing concerning the manner of
conveying intelligence in case of invasion, and receiving
assistance when necessary, and a plan for that purpose for
our consideration, was not received till the 10th instant;
and this day is the first opportunity I have to lay it before
my Council of Safety. Your plan is approved, and I am
[Vol.. II.] 6
desired by them to write to and employ proper persons in
the western towns, to procure persons to be in readiness at
a minute's warning to carry any intelligence of alarm or in-
vasion to the towns where occasion may require. I have
accordingly writen to Abraham Devenport of Stamford, and
Thaddeus Burr of Fairfield, Esquires, to make the neces-
sary provisions.
I am, most respectfully, sir.
Your most obedient and humble servt.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Honble. President WooDHXfi.L.
Sir — The enclosed extraordinary letter, is just come to
my hands by Mr. Waldron. I thought it my duty to send
it to the Congress.
And am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
P. V. B. LIVINGSTON.
Thursday morning.
To tlie Vice-President of the Provincial Congress.
To the President and Gentlemen in the Provincial Congress at New
York.
Mr. President and Gentlemen —
Be pleased to permit the fair stranger whom the
people at home are pleased to call the Duchess of Kow-
tensburgh, &c. &c. &c. now on her tour through these
most unhappy and distressed American Colonies.
We beg leave therefore, to waive our most respectful
compliments in the shades of true esteem and sympathy
towards you, and request the favour of an interview with
the President and some of his worthy brothers, this after-
noon at Mr. Adolph Waldron's, and the favour will be
highly esteemed.
We also presume to make known that the commission
of our request is of very great importance relative to the
present unhappy wound which seems to prevail through
Great Britain and her Colonies, &c.
We solicit you will be pleased to observe, if the above
commission meets your approbation to receive, you will
gain much honour in the end ; and we have great reason
to believe it will raise a glorious balm to sooth each un-
happy wound, &c. Adieu.
N. B. The favour of an answer is requested on point of
honour, by Mr. A. Waldron, who is the bearer of this.
Thursday, 11 o'clock, August 23d.
Sir — The committee of this city, a few days ago, trans-
mitted to me an original letter from Gov. Martin to Henry
White, Esq. from the contents of which it is very obvious
that Gov. Martin has formed designs very inimical to the
friends of America. From authentic information we learn
that he is to receive a supply of gunpowder from General
Gage via New-York, and that he has sent from North Ca-
rolina a cutter armed to receive it. She is a small boat,
rigged like a schooner ; mounts a few swivels, and is com-
manded by a Mr. Bridges, the lieutenant of the Famous
man of war. The vessel we mean was formerly purchas-
ed in New-York, by Capt. Collet. We wish particular
care to be taken, in case she should arrive in your port, to
secure her and her cargo. She is probably to receive the
gunpowder from the Asia or Famous man of war lying in
your harbour.
We are, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient servants,
WILL. HOOPER,
JOSEPH HEWES.
Philadelphia, June 8th, 1775.
Ticonderoga, 20/ A July, 1775.
Respectable Gentlemen —
When I reflect on the unhappy controversy which
hath many years subsisted between the government of
New-York and the settlers on the New-Hampshire Grants,
22
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
and also contemplate on the friendship and union that hath
lately taken place between the governnnent and those its
former discontented subjects, in making a united resistance
against ministerial vengeance and slavery, I caimol but in-
dulge fond hopes of reconciliation. To promote this salu-
tary end, I shall contribute my influence, assuring your
Honours that your respectful treatment not only to Mr.
Worner and myself, but to the Green Mountain Boys in
general, in forming them into a battalion, are by them duly
regarded, and I will be responsible that they will retaliate
this favour by wholly hazarding their lives, if needs be, in
the common cause of America.
I hope no gentleman in the Congress will retain any pre-
conceived prejudice against me, as on my part I shall not
against any of them ; but as soon as opportunity may per-
mit and the public cause not suffer thereby, shall hold my-
self in readiness to settle all former disputes and grievances
on honourable terms.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your devoted, most obedient humble servt.
ETHAN ALLEN.
To the Honble. Provincial Congress, New- York.
Croivn-Point, 2d of June, 1775.
Respectable Gentlemen — Before this time you have
undoubtedly received intelligence, not only of the taking the
fortified places on Lake Champlain, and also the armed
sloop and boats therein, and the taking possession of a
schooner, which is the property of Major Scane, and armed
and manned it ; and of the conversion of them, with a large
train of artillery, to the defence of the liberties and consti-
tutional rights of America. You have likewise undoubt-
edly been informed, that the expedition was undertaken at
the special encouragement and request of a number of re-
spectable gentlemen in the Colony of Connecticut. The
pork forwarded to subsist the army by your Honours' di-
rections, evinces your approbation of the procedure ; and as
it was a private expedition, and common fame reports that
there are a number of overgrown tories in the Province, your
Honours will the readier excuse me in not first taking your
advice in the matter, lest the enterprise might have been
prevented by their treacherv. It is liere reported, that
some of them have lately been savingly converted, and
that others have lost their influence.
If in those achievements there be any thing honourary,
the subjects of your government, viz : the New-Hampshire
settlers, are justly entitled to a large share, as they had a
great majority of numbers of the soldiery, as well as the
command in making those acquisitions ; and as your Ho-
nours justify and approve the same, I desire and expect
your Honours already have, or soon will, lay before the
grand Continental Congress the great disadvantage it must
inevitably be to the Colonies, to evacuate Lake Champlain,
and give up to the enemies of our country those invaluable
acquisitions — the key of either Canada or of our country,
according as which party holds the same in possession, and
makes a proper improvement of it. The key is ours as yet,
and provided the Colonies would suddenly push an army of
two or three thousand men into Canada, they might make a
conquest of all that would oppose them in the extensive Pro-
vince of Quebec, except reinforcements from England
should prevent it. Such a diversion would weaken Genl.
Gage, or insure us of Canada.
I wish to God America would, at this critical juncture,
exert herself, agreeably to the indignity offered her by a ty-
rannical ministry. She might rise on eagle's wings, and
mount up to glory, freedom and immortal honour, if she
did but know and exert her strength. Fame is now hover-
ing over her head. A vast continent must now sink to
slavery, poverty, bondage and horror, or rise to unconquera-
ble freedom, immense wealth, inexpressible felicity, and
immortal fame. I will lay my life on it, that with fifteen
hundred men, and a proper artillery, I will take Montreal,
provided I could thus be furnished ; and if an army could
command the field, it would be no insuperable difficulty to
take Quebec. This object should be pursued, thougli it
should take ten thousand men to accomplish the end pro-
posed, for England can not spare but a certain number of
her troops. Nay, she has but a small number that are disci-
plined ; and it is as long as it is broad — the more that are
sent to Quebec, the less they can send to Boston, or any
other part of the Continent. And there will be this un-
speakable advantage in directing the war into Canada, that
instead of turning the Canadians and Indians against us,
(as is wrongly suggested by many,) it would unavoidably
attach and connect them to our interest. Our friends in
Canada can never help us, till we first help them, except
in a passive or inactive manner.
There are now but about seven hundred regular troops in
Canada. I have lately had sundry conferences with the In-
dians : they are very friendly. Capt. Abraham Nimham,
a Stockbridge Indian, and Mr. Winthrop Hoit, who has sun-
dry years lived with the Cokanawagos, in the capacity
of a prisoner, and was made an adopted son to a motherly
squaw of that tribe, have both been gone ten days to
treat with the Indians, as our ambassadors of peace and
friendship. I expect in a few weeks to hear from them.
By them I sent a friendly letter to the Indians, which Mr.
Hoit can explain to them in Indian. The thing that so
unites the temper of the Indians to us, is our taking the
sovereignty of Lake Champlain. They have wit enough
to make a good bargain, and stand by the strongest side.
Much the same may be said of the Canadians ; they have
no personal controversy with us, but act on political princi-
ples. If we evacuate Lake Champlain and retire to Lake
George, Governor Carlton can by intrigue, and will not fail
to, draw them into his interest : if we hold the supremacy,
we shall do the same, for cunning and power are but the
same thing, be it exercised by either Carlton or us ; but
cunning without power, can hold no equal contest with that
which is armed with it.
It may be thought that to push an army into Canada,
would be too premature and imprudent ; if so, I propose
to make a stand at the Isle of Ore, which the French forti-
fied by intrenchment, the last war, and greatly fatigued our
large army to take it. It is about fifteen miles this side St.
Johns, and is an island in the river, on which a small artil-
lery placed would command it. An establishment of a fron-
tier so far north, would not only better secure our own fron-
tier, but put it into our power to better work our policy with
the Canadians and Indians; or, if need be, to make incursions
into the territory of Canada, the same as they could into
our country, provided they had the sovereignty of Lake
Champlain, and had erected their head-quarters at or near
Skeensborough. Our only having it in our power to thus
make incursions into Canada, might probably be the very
reason why it would be unnecessary so to do, even if the
Canadians should prove more refractory than I think for.
Lastly, with submission, I would propose to your Ho-
nours to raise a small regiment of rangers, which I could
easily do, and that mostly in the counties of Albany and
Charlotte, provided your Honours should think it expedi-
ent to grant commissions, and thus regulate and put the
same under pay. Probably your Honours may think this
an impertinent proposal. It is iruly the first favour I ever
asked of the government, and if it be granted, I shall be
zealously ambitious to conduct for the best good of my
country, and the honour of the government.
I subscribe myself, gentlemen, with due respect,
Your Honours' most obedient humble servant,
ETHAN ALLEN.
P. S, Gentlemen — In the narrative contained in the
enclosed, was too materially omitted the valour and intre-
pidity of Col. James Easton, and forty-six veteran soldiers,
from the Massachusetts Bay, who assisted in taking Ti-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
23
conderoga. Col. Easton is just returned from the Provin-
cial Congress of the Massachusetts Bay to this place, and
expects he will soon have the command of a regiment from
that Province.
Yours &c.
ETHAN ALLEN.
Ticonderoga, the ith of June, 1775.
To our loorthy and respectable friends and countrymen,
the French jjeople of Canada, Greeting:
Friends and Fellow Countrymen :
You are undoubtedly more or less acquainted
with the unnatural and unhappy controversy subsisting be-
tween Great Britain and her Colonies, the particulars of
which, in this letter, we do not expatiate upon, but refer
your consideration of the justice and equitableness thereof
on the part of the Colonies, to the former knowledge that
you have had of this matter. We need only observe that
the inhabitants of the Colonies view the controversy on
their part, to be justifiable in the sight of God and all un-
prejudiced and honest men that have or may have opportu-
nity and ability to examine into the merits of it. Upon
this principle, those inhabitants determine to vindicate their
cause and maintain their natural and constitutional rights
and liberties at the expense of their lives and fortunes, but
have not the least disposition to injure, molest or any way
deprive our fellow subjects, the Canadians, of their liberty
or property ; nor have they any design to wage war against
them ; and from all intimations that the inhabitants of the
said Colonies have received from the Canadians, it has ap-
peared that they were alike disposed for friendship and neu-
trality, and not at all disposed to take part with the King's
troops in the present civil war against the Colonies. We
were nevertheless surprised to hear that a number of about
thirty Canadians attacked our reconnoitering party, consist-
ing of 4 men, fired on them and pursued them, and obliged
them to return the fire ; this is the account of the party
which have since arrived at Head-Quarters. We desire
to know of any gentlemen Canadians the facts of the case,
as one story is good till another is told. Our general orders
to the soldiery was, that they should not, on pain of death,
molest or kill any of your people. But if it shall appear
upon examination, that our reconnoitering party commenced
hostilities against your people, they shall suffer agreeably
to the sentence of a court martial ; for our special orders
from the Colonies, is to befriend and protect you if need
be, so that if you desire their friendship, you are invited
to embrace it, for nothing can be more undesirable to your
friends in the Colonies than a war with their fellow sub-
jects, the Canadians, or with the Indians. You are very
sensible that war has already commenced between Eng-
land and the Colonies: hostilities have already began. To
fight the King's troops has become a necessary and incum-
bent duty — the Colonies cannot avoid it ; but pray, is it
necessary that the Canadians and the inhabitants of the
English Colonies should butcher one another ? God for-
bid. There is no controversy subsisting between you and
them. Pray let old England and the Colonies fight it out,
and you Canadians stand by and see what an arm of flesh
can do. We are apprehensive that the conduct of your
people before complained of, had not a general approba-
tion, and are still confident that your country as such, will
not wage war with the Colonies or approve the aforesaid
lioslile conduct of your people, as we conceive it to be im-
politic to the last degree, for the Canadians to enter into a
bloody war, without either a provocation or motive, and
when at the same time every motive of interest, virtue and
honour are ready at hand to dissuade you from it ; in fine
we conclude. Saint Luke, Capt. McCoy and other evii
minded persons, whose interest and inclination it is, that
the Canadians and the people of these Colonies should cut
one another's throats, have inveigled some of the baser
sort of your people to attack our said reconnoitering party.
We expect, gentlemen, as to these particulars, you will
in good time inform us, and subscribe ourselves, your real
friends.
ETHAN ALLEN,
JAMES EASTON,
M present the principal Commanders of the army.
A copy of the foregoing letter was this day sent to Mr.
Walker, our trusty friend, at Montreal, per favour of Mr.
Jeffere, whose fidehty is unquestionable ; and it is wholly
left with Mr. Walker to make its contents the most public
that he possibly can, whether by printing it and translating
it into French, &c. We furthermore thought it expedient
your Honours should have a copy communicated to you.
Yours, at command,
ETHAN ALLEN,
JAMES EASTON.
To the Honble. Congress of the Province
of New- York.
Sir — We received your letter by express this morning,
in answer to which we beg leave to inform you that we
have obtained an order of Congress on the Continental
treasury, in your favour, for 75,000 dollars ; but as there
is not yet a sufficient number of the bills signed to answer
the most pressing occasions, we imagine your draft cannot
be answered before the latter end of next week. We
have, however, been able to borrow about £8,000 for you,
which we will bring with us, expecting to set out for New-
York this afternoon, the Congress having adjourned this
morning till the 5th of September next.
We are, sir, your most obedt. servts.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
GEO. CLINTON.
Philadelphia, Augst. 2nd, 1775.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
Palatine, in Tryon county, July 25th, 1775.
Sir — Having been recommended by the committee of
this county to be captain of a company in Col. Van
Schaick's battalion, and to be raised in this county, permit
me to acquaint you that on their request I did begin to en-
list men immediately, in which I have been very success-
ful, having already engaged fifty-one soldiers, for whom I
have provided according to the instructions of your Con-
gress, and make no doubt but I shall have the company
full in ten days hence, of which I shall give you the ear-
liest notice.
I have wrote an account of the above to Major-General
Schuyler, to the end that I may have oiders to join the
regiment.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect,
Your very hble. servt.
CHRISR. P. YATES.
To P. V. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter from Abm. Yates, Esqr. Chairman of the Committee of Albany,
covering a copy of a letter from General Wooster, relating to George
Sullivan.]
Committee Chamber, )
City of Albany, 29th July, 1775. J
Gent. — Mr. George Sullivan was brought before this
committee by Colo. Waterbury, of Connecticut troops,
lately arrived here from New-York, in consequence of a
letter from General Wooster, a copy of which we enclose
you. We have examined Mr. Sullivan and the circum-
stances of his case, and from the proof before us, we can-
not find any grounds to warrant the accusation ; and having
finished his intended business, as he says, designs to em-
bark in the first sloop for your city, when a reexamination
may be made if you see cause.
We are, gent, your most humble servt.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
24
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
N. Carolina, Cape Fear, June iSlh, 1775
My Dear Sir — I take the liberty to enclose here-
with a letter to Mrs. Martin, whose safe arrival I am most
anxious to Ijearn — the wind having been easterly almost
ever since her departure.
I shall be extremely obliged to you if you can contrive
to send me with the royal standard, I mentioned to you
some time ago, or without it, if that cannot be had, a good
tent and marquee, of the size of the colonel's tent in the
army, with a tent bed to fit the boot of it, and furniture,
vizt : matrass, bolster and pillows ; to be sent by any ves-
sel bound to Cape Fear river, or in default thereof, to New-
Bern, directed to the care of Mr. Cornell.
I shall rejoice to see a prospect of a happy termination
of the present deplorable times, that more or less threaten
the happiness of every man throughout the British domin-
ions.
My compliments, and warmest good wishes attend you
and Mrs. White, and all your family.
I am, dear sir, ever yours,
JO. MARTIN.
Honble. Henrv White, Esq.
P. S. I forbear to give you your due additions on the
outside of my letter, to obviate prying curiosity.
Friday Morning, 9 o'clock -May 26th, 1775.
As we are much indisposed, think it most prudent to set
out for Connecticut, and shall leave this city at two o'clock
this afternoon. If the Convention have any commands
to the Governor and Commissary of that Colony, we shall
be proud of the honour of e.xecuting them.
Mr. Edwards will go forward to New-Jersey, and on his
way to Connecticut, will wait on the Convention of this
Province for further intelligence, and will give them such
information as lies in his power.
We are, sir, your most obet. hum. servants,
NATH. WALES,
THADDEUS BURR.
To Petek V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Fort George, Dec. nth, 1775.
Sir — When I was at N. York, 1 did not know of any
13 inch mortars, a number of which I found at Ticondero-
ga. I must beg sir, that you would use your influence
that there be sent immediately to camp at Cambridge,
the following number of shells : 500 13 inch shells, 200
5y\ do. 400 ^ do.
You are too well acquainted with the importance of this
request, to want urging any additional motive for the utmost
expedition ; if they are not to be had, please to inform
General Washington immediately. The business upon
which I came has succeeded equal to my expectation.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your obhged and most humble servant,
HENRY KNOX.
[A letter from Thaddeus Burr to General Wooster, giving an account
of the battle at Breeds, called Bunkers Hill.]
Fairfield, June 25th, 1775, 12 o'clock.
Sir — Capt. Jonathan Maltbie, who went express from
here last Sabbath, has this day returned from Watertown,
which place he left last Thursday at 4 o'clock, afternoon,
and the intelligence brought by him being so direct, I
thought my duty to forward it to you, which is as follows,
vizt :
[Copy of a letter from Mr. Isaac Lolhrop, one of the Provincial Con-
gress at Watertown.]
atertown, June 22, 1775.
Before this reaches you, you will doubtless hear of the
engagement of last Saturday between our troops and those
of the army at Boston ; but lest you should not be well
informed, I will now undertake to give you as regular an
account as can at present be obtained. Last Friday eve-
ning a detachment from the camp at Cambridge marched
to Charles Town, and there took possession of Breeds
Hill, about half a mile from the ferry ; their entrenclung
tools not coming up in season, it was 12 o'clock before
they began their works ; as soon as daylight appeared,
they were discovered from Boston, when the men of war
in the ferry, the battery from Cops Hill and the floating
batteries kept up a continual cannonading and bombarding,
which fortunately did but little execution, although our en-
trenchments were very far from being completed ; this
continued till about two o'clock, when a large army of be-
tween 4 and 5 thousand men, (as we since hear from Bos-
ton,) under the command of General Howe, landed on the
back of the hill, and marched up with great seeming reso-
lution towards our lines ; our men reserved their fire till
the enemy had advanced very near, when a general en-
gagement ensued ; the fire from our lines was so excessive
heavy and made such a terrible slaughter, as obliged the
enemy twice to give way, although many of their officers
stood in the rear, with their swords pointed at their backs,
ready to run them through. Our men kept up a continual
blaze upon them for about an hour with such execution as
is scarce credible. The enemy then came on the flanks,
marched up and forced their way over the ramparts, with
fixed bayonets, cutlasses and hand grenades, which obhged
our little, brave army, consisting only of about 5 hundred
men at most, to retreat.
The town of Charles Town was fired in various parts
during the action, and is now consumed to a wretched
heap of rubbish. I kept my ground at Water Town, but
what with the thundering of cannon and small arms, the
conflagration of Charles Town, the wagons and horse lit-
ters with the wounded men coming to the hospital in this
town, and the streaming of expresses to and fro, exhibited
such an awful scene as I pray God Almighty I may never
again behold. The brave and worthy Doctr. Warren was
killed, stripped and buried within the entrenchment.
Our numbers killed are not yet known, but by the best
account I can obtain, it will not much exceed 50, and the
wounded short of a 100. Several credible persons have
since made their escape by water from Boston, some of
whom I well know. The latest out says that upward
of 14 hundred of the enemy were killed and wounded,
with 84 oflScers, and that 28 of our men were made pri-
soners, and the enemy had buried 41 of our dead. All
agree that the loss of the enemy in killed and wounded, is
more than one thousand.
General Howe says, you may talk of your Mindens and
Fontinnois, &c. but he never saw nor heard of such a
carnage in so short a time. All the surgeons in the army,
with what they could get in Boston, were not sufficient to
dress the wounded ; although they were 24 hours, night
and day, in removing them from Charles Town, with the
assistance of many of the inhabitants of the Boston, whom
they pressed into the service, many died in the streets on
their way to the hospitals.
N. B. Dr. Mather had his whole furniture, with his li-
brary, plate, &c. consumed in the fire at Charles Town.
I have employed Mr. Saml. Perfield to go with this ; if
you think it proper to forward this account to New- York,
he will be ready to serve you.
You will excuse my sending it open, as I think it is best
for every one to know with what bravery our men have
acted, and how God in his providence seems to appear for
us.
Mr. Perfield will also hand you a paper from Cam-
bridge, which contains some particulars.
I am, in the utmost haste, sir.
Your friend and hum. servant,
THADDEUS BURR.
To Majr. General David Wooster, Esqr.
at Greenwich.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
25
[Letter from John Jay, Esqr. inclosing resolutions of Congress relative
to the Island at Bermuda.]
Sir — I have the honour of transmitting to you the en-
closed resolution of Congress relative to the Island of Ber-
muda.
We have not yet had the pleasure of hearing that you
had made a house, and are not without some anxiety on
that head. In a few days we shall write to you collective-
ly, and should be glad frequently to be informed of the
state of the Province.
The New-England exploit is much talked of, and con-
jectures are numerous as to the part the Convention will
take relative to it ; some consider it as an ill compliment
to the government of the Province, and prophecy that you
have too much Christian meekness to take any notice of it.
For my own part, I don't approve of the feat, and think
it neither argues much wisdom or much bravery ; at any
rate, if it was to have been done, I wish our own people,
and not strangers, had taken the liberty of doing it. I con-
fess I am not a little jealous of the honour of the Province,
and am persuaded that its reputation cannot be maintained
without some little spirit being mingled with its prudence.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem.
Your most obt. servt.
JOHN JAY.
Philadelphia, 26th Novr.
To Colo. Nathl. Woodhull, at New-York.
Gentlemen — The enclosed was yesterday intercepted
by the committee of this city and laid before the Congress,
who have recommended that it be forwarded to you.
I am, gentlemen, your most humble servt.
CHAS. THOMSON,
In behalf of the Committee of Philad.
Philadelphia, 4th July, 1775.
Provincial Convention, or
Congress of New- York.
[List of Cannon, &c. taken at Crown Point, &c. by Benedict Arnold.]
2 iron 24-pounders — wt. 74 and 88 lb.
1 do do useless.
1 brass do do serviceable.
4 iron 18 do not examined, but appear good.
14 12 do do.
4 French do useless.
8 12 & 18 do not examined but appear good.
7 long 9 do double fortified, good.
12 do do serviceable.
2 do do mounted.
33 6 & 9 do useless.
7 9 & 12 do do.
2 long 6 do good.
2 short 6 do bad.
9 do do not examined.
3 do do useless.
1 English 13 inch morter.
J All servicable.
1 French do.
2 do 8 inch
3 8 inch howitzer.
Ticonderoga, May 22, 1775.
Gentlemen — I take the liberty to advise you that on the
13th inst. having proceeded from this place to St. Johns,
with a party of my regiment of 35 men, I surprised and
look prisoners, a sergeant and his party of 12 men, the
King's sloop of 70 tons, and seven men, mounted with
two brass six pounders ; and in two hours after weighed
anchor with the sloop, &c. and proceeded for this place.
Six leagues this side St. Johns, met one Colo. Allen with
a party of near one hundred men, wlio were determined to
proceed to St. Johns and make a stand there ; not being
able to dissuade them from their rash design, I supplied
them with provisions. They then proceeded to St. Johns,
and the next morning were attacked by about 200 regulars,
with six field pieces, and were obliged to make a precipi-
tate retreat, with the loss of three men, killed or taken ;
the party arrived here last evening. I am now fixing the
sloop with six carriages and ten swivels, the schooner with
[Vol. ii.] 7
four carriages and six swivels, and am determined to pro-
ceed to Crown Point, and make a stand there, in order to
secure the cannon, near 100 pieces, at that place. We
are in great want of a number of seamen, gunners, carpen-
ters, &c. for both vessels. Our safety in a great measure
depends on them, the vessels, as they will be able to cqjn-
mand the lake if properly manned. Enclosed is a list of
men wanted immediately, which I beg the favour of you
gentlemen, to ship and send up here without loss of time,
furnishing them with such things as you judge necessary.
I have judicious able, commanders for both vessels, and
want only mates, gunners, mariners, &c. Annexed is the
wages I propose giving, but must refer that to your direc-
tion, and any sums you are kind enough to advance for the
above purpose, I will give a draft for, on the Committee of
Safety at Cambridge, being fully empowered for that pur-
pose. We have only one hundred and fifty pounds good
powder for both vessels, and one hundred men. I have
wrote repeatedly to Albany for powder, and must once
more entreat you, gentlemen, if not forwarded, to send
me as soon as possible ten or twelve hundred weight pow-
der. If the seamen, &c. are not to be procured at Albany,
I beg the favour of you to forward this letter to the Com-
mittee of Safety at New- York, and you will much oblige.
Gentlemen, your most obedt. hum. servt.
BENEDICT ARNOLD,
Commander at Ticonderoga.
To the Committee of Safety at Albany.
Crown Point, 23rd May, 1775.
Gentlemen — My last was the 19th instant per Capt.
Oswald. I then advised you of my taking possession of
the King's sloop, &c. at St. Johns, and that on the 18lh
inst. I met Colo. Allen with 80 or 100 men, who were
proceeding to St. Johns with intention to make a stand
there, and not being able to dissuade them from their rash
purpose, I supplied them with provisions, &c. Yesterday
he returned to Ticonderoga with his party, and says that
on the evening of the 18th he arrived at St. Johns, and
hearing of a detachment of men on the road from Mon-
treal, lay in ambush for them ; but his party being so much
fatigued when the detachment were at about two miles dis-
tance, he thought proper to retreat, and crossed the lake at
St. Johns, where they continued the night, and at dawn of
day were saluted with a discharge of grape shot from six
field pieces, and a discharge of small arms from about 200
regulars. They made a precipitate retreat and left three
men behind. Immediately on this intelligence I proceeded
for this place with the sloop and schooner, as well armed
as possible under our circumstances, and 80 men, which,
with the party here before, makes near 150 men, with
whom am determined to make a stand here to secure the
cannon, &c. As the regulars have got news of our strength
and movements, I am apprehensive of their paying us a
visit, (provided they can get batleaux from Montreal to St.
Johns,) I shall make every possible preparation to give
them a warm reception. We have plenty of ball of every
kind, but have no more than 150lbs. of powder here. I
have wrote repeatedly to Albany for powder and can get
none. I must entreat you, gentlemen, to send me four or
five hundred weight as soon as possible. Out of 26 bbls.
found here, there is not one pound good.
I am, with great esteem, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servant,
BENEDICT ARNOLD.
P. S. This will be delivered you, gentlemen, by Capt.
Phelps, who has been very serviceable here, to whom I
must refer you for particulars ; must beg leave to observe
I think it highly necessary for Connecticut to send here
iniiriediatcly 1,500 men at least, with good arms, ammuni-
tion, &;c.
B. A.
The Honourable General Assembly, Connecticut.
26
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, Sec.
Gentlemen — Since writing ihe foregoing, one of Colo.
Allen's parly, laken al St. Johns, made Ins escape tiie 19lli
instant, and says there was then 400 regulars at St. Johns
making all possible preparation to cross the lake, and ex-
pected to be joined by a number of Indians, with a design
of retaking these places, 6cc. I have sent to alarm the
country for 50 miles below Skeenesborough and 50 miles
below Fort George, towards Albany. The men from that
distance will be sufficient for the present if we are well
supplied with powder. We are making all possible pre-
paration and hope with the smiles of Providence to keep
our ground if not overpowered by numbers.
I am, gentlemen, yours, &c.
(Signed,) B. ARNOLD.
Copy.
Crown Point, I'Jtli May, 1775.
Gentlemen — My last was of the 14ih inst. by Mr. Ro-
mans, via New-Haven. I then acquainted you of the occa-
sion of delay in not carrying your orders into execution.
The afternoon of the same day, being joined by Captains
Brown and Oswald, with 50 men enlisted on the road.
They having taken possession of a small schooner at
Skeensborough, we immediately proceeded on our way for
St. Johns, and at 8 o'clock P. M. the 17th inst. arrived
within 30 miles of St. Johns ; the weather proving calm,
manned out two small batteaux, with 35 men, and the next
morning, at 6 o'clock, arrived at St. Johns ; surprised and
took a sergeant and his parly of 12 men, the King's sloop
of about 70 tons, with two brass six pounders and seven
men, without any loss on either side. The captain was
gone to Montreal and hourly expected with a large detach-
ment for Ticonderoga, a number of guns and carriages for
the sloop, which was just fixed for sailing ; add to this
there was a captain and 40 men al Chamblee, 12 miles
distant from St. Johns, who was expected there every mi-
nute with his party ; so that it seemed a mere interposition
of Providence that we arrived in so fortunate an hour.
We took such stores on board as were valuable, and the
wind proving favourable, in two hours after our arrival
weighed anchor for this place, with the sloop and four of
the King's batteaux, having destroyed three others ; so thai
there is not left a single batteau for the King's troops, Ca-
nadians or Indians to cross the lake in, if they have any
such intention. I must, in justice to Colo. Allen, observe
that he left Crown Point soon after me for St. Johns, with
150 men, and on my return met him five leagues this side,
and supplied him with provisions, his men being in a starv-
ing condition. He informed me of his intention of pro-
ceeding on to St. Johns with 80 or 100 men, and keeping
possession there. It appeared to me a wild, impracticable
scheme, and provided it could be carried into execution, of
no consequence, so long as we are masters of the lake ;
and of that I make no doubt, as I am determined to arm
the sloop and schooner immediately.
I wrote you, gentlemen, in my former letters, that I
should be extremely glad to be superseded in my command
here, as I find it next to impossible to repair the old fort at
Ticonderoga, and am not qualified to direct in building a
new one. I am really of opinion it will be necessary to
employ 1,000 or 1,500 men here this summer, in which I
have the pleasure of being joined in sentiment by Mr. Ro-
mans, who is esteemed an able engineer.
I am making all possible provision for wheel carriages,
&c. to convey such cannon, &;c. to Albany as can be spared
here, and will be serviceable to our army at Cambridge.
I must refer you for particulars to the bearer, Captn.
Jona. Brown, who has been very active and serviceable,
and is a prudent, good officer ; and beg leave to observe I
have had intimations given me that some persons had de-
termined to apply to you and the Provincial Congress to
injure me in your esteem by misrepresenting matters of
fact. I know of no other motive they can have, only my
refusing them commissions, from the very simple reason,
that I did not thnik ihem qualified. However, gentlemen,
I have the satisfaction of imagining I am employed by
gentlemen of so much candour, that my conduct will not
be condemned until I have the opportunity of being heard.
I am, with the greatest respect, gentlemen.
Your most devoted and very hble. servt.
BENEDICT ARNOLD.
P. S. Enclosed is a memorandum of such cannon, &c.
as I intend sending to Cambridge ; also of such as are
here.
By a return from Montreal to Genl. Gage, I find there
are 707 men in Canada of the 7th and 26th regiments, in-
cluding 70 which we have taken prisoners.
To tlie Committee of Safety, Cambridge.
Lake Champlain, near St. Johns, \
m July, 1775. $
By the general assistance which your letter to the offi-
cers in the service of the Colonies procured me, I am
now so near Montreal that I expect to get there this even-
ing ; therefore embrace the opportunity of the returning
boat to make you my thanks for your kind attention to me
and my friends ; and I pray you, sir, to make my warmest
acknowledgment to your Provincial Congress, for the
obliging letter they kindly favoured me with ; and for the
pleasing expressions in my regard, which it contained. A
sincere friend to America and its rights I truly am, and as
such, cannot help expressing my uneasiness at the general
spirit which I have observed amongst the Colony troops
quartered at Fort George, Ticonderoga and Crown Point ;
they talk and act as if it was fully determined they should
soon march into the Province of Quebec. Surely this, my
good sir, cannot be the intention of the General Congress ;
if it is not, immediate pains should be taken to suppress
the dangerous idea, or it may soon produce the most dan-
gerous consequences. Should the Colonies send their
troops into that Province, or should they go without orders,
the Canadians and the Indians, their friends, will naturally
fall upon your back settlements with fire and sword. Then
the King's troops on one side, and the Canadians and Indi-
ans on the other, what are the Colonists to expect but
slaughter. For God's sake exert every faculty to prevent
so great an evil.
I know the body of gentlemen who have so properly cho-
sen you for their President, are greatly alarmed at the de-
plorable situation of affairs between Great Britain and her
Colonies. America must look forward with great anxiety,
and rejoice in any prudent plan for the restoring of harmo-
ny and the security of property. I would to God that I
had a head to contrive and a pen to persuade what might
produce so desirable an event, for the credit and comfort of
all their future moments depend upon it ; but while liberty
and slavery in their greatest extreme is the alternative held
out by the violent and designing on this side the water, and
submission or destruction the language of others, what
hopes have the people but in the moderation, wisdom and
justice of the General Congress. In their address to His
Majesty of last year, they wisely declared "that they asked
but for peace, liberty and safety ; that they wished not a
diminution of the prerogative, nor did they solicit any new
right in their favour ; that his royal authority over them,
and their connection with Great Britain, they would care-
fully and zealously endeavour to support and maintain."
This declaration breathed the spirit of good subjects, valu-
ing their just rights too much to abuse them ; but these
sentiments were not constitutionally conveyed to the royal
ear.
That government are ready to receive any fair proposi-
tions which may be constitutionally offered, cannot be
doubted, after we consider the Minister's declaration in Par-
liament, " that if the dispute in which the Americans are
engaged, goes to the whole of their authority, they can
enter into no negociation — they can meet no compromise ;
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
27
but if it be only as to the suspension of the exercise of
their rights, or as to the nnode of laying and levying taxes
for a contribution towards the common defence, it might be
just and wise to meet any fair proposition which might
come from any Province or Colony."
This declaration I humbly conceive, clearly points out the
line of conduct which the General Congress ought to pur-
sue, as it can not be the wish of that Assembly to carry
matters to an extreme, by which the whole empire must
suffer, and America be drove to the last distress. Would
they state their real grievances with temper and wisdom,
their desires with moderation and justice, in a dutiful me-
morial to the King, to be transmitted by the Provincial As-
semblies to their respective agents in London, such appli-
cation could not fail to produce the most desirable effect ;
but if on the other hand the Congress should order, or suf-
fer the people to proceed to the extremes which I now
much fear, nothing but the sword can determine the un-
natural contest : and they vi'ould soon discover the fatal
truth of what hath been so emphatically expressed by the
judicious Mr. Glover, " that high sounding words produce
no food for the hungry, no raiment for the naked."
I am, sir, your obliged hble. servant,
BROOK WATSON.
P. S. I have received the kindest treatment from Capt.
Fisher, Colo. Hinman and Major Elmer.
P. V. Livingston, President of the
Provincial Congress of New- York.
[A letter from Mr. Brook Watson, requesting this Congress to provide
him with such a pass as will enable him to travel to Canada.]
New-York, 19th June, 1775.
Dear Sir — It is my intention speedily to set forward on
my journey to Quebec, by the way of Lakes George and
Champlain, and to take with me Joseph Marie Tonnuncour,
and Louis Perras, two young Canadians, returning to their
parents, the former from England, and the latter from this
city, where they have some time resided, for the benefit of
education ; also Daniel McKinzie, my servant ; hence I
pray you to procure for me such letters as may facilitate
my journey ; and I take leave to assure you upon my
honour, that I will not take, or suffer those who accompany
me, to take any letters but such as I know to be merely
upon commercial or family subjects, and which I will most
readily submit to the inspection of the Provincial Congress,
if it shall be deemed necessary.
The only letters in my possession which have the ap-
pearance of containing political matter, are some addressed
to Lord Pitt, and others to General Carleton's lady ; the
former are from Lord Chatham, and came to me accom-
panied by the enclosed note from his lordship. The latter
are from Lady Maria Carleton's mother and sisters on mere
family concerns.
With great respect and regard, I am, sir,
Your faithful hble. servt.
BROOK WATSON.
To P. v. Livingston, Esqr.
President of tlie Provincial Congress, New- York.
/ In Provincial Congress, )
New-Jersey, Trenton, May 26th, 1775. ^
Gent. — We the Deputies appointed by the inhabitants
of this Province, to meet in Provincial Congress, arc now
convened here for the purpose of pursuing such measures
as may be thought expedient in the present unhappy situa-
tion to which the Colonies arc reduced, and which the
peculiar exigencies of the times may require. As nothing
can tend more to ensure success to the steps that may at
this critical juncture be adopted by the several Provinces,
than a uniform plan of conduct, we conceived it necessary
to look up to the Continental Congress for their advice and
direction, which we have accordingly applied for, and hope
soon to receive. We also think it of consequence, that a
correspondence should be established with you and our
other sister Colonies, and a free communication be had
from time to time of such measures as may be judged
most conducive to the interest of the common cause ; and
request that we may be favoured with such intelligence as
may occur to you worthy of attention, and of which our
situation may probably deprive us.
We are, gent, your hble. servts.
HENDK. FISHER, Presdt.
Provincial Congress of New- York.
Gentm. — I am much obliged to you for the early infor-
mation you have given me of Genl. Schuyler's complaint
to you, and should have been much pleased, had you point-
ed out those particular articles which the General writes
you he is still in want of, and which have been ordered by
Congress ; then I could immediately have informed you
when those articles came to this place. Mr. P. T. Curte-
nius can best inform the Congress when they were sent from
N. York. I shall order Mr. Phelps to make out a return
for Congress of all such stores as have been received since
the last of July.
I can assure the Congress that no stores which they have
sent to this place since I have been in office has been de-
layed here, and that I am persuaded they were sent from
Fort George as expeditiously as the few boats on that Lake
could transport them, so as not to delay sending over a
necessary supply of provisions. Oakum was much want-
ed at Ticonderoga ; that only came the 10th inst. and was
forwarded the next day. It should have been sent the
same day, but many of the hhds. were old and broken and
would not bear carting.
I am, with due respect, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hum, servant,
WALTER LIVINGSTON, Dy. Ct. Gen.
Jlbany Jlugt. 26th, 1775.
The Provincial Congress of New- York.
[A letter from Frederick Weisenfels, Marinus WiUett, and six other
persons, applying for commissions in military service.]
New-York, 6th June, 1775.
Gentlemen — As we have ever been heartily attached to
the cause of our country ; so we are now ready to engage
in the defence of its rights. And as we understand troops
are soon to be raised in this Province, we think it a duty
incumbent on us to offer our service. Should you think
proper to confide in us, and appoint us respectively to the
command of a company, we shall study to conduct our-
selves in such manner as to merit your approbation.
We are, with the greatest respect.
Gentlemen, your most humble servants,
FREDK. WEISSENFELS,
MARINUS WILLETT,
GERSHOM MOTT,
JOHN JOHNSON,
GERRIT ROORBACK,
JACOBUS WYNKOOP,
JAMES ALNER,
JOHN QUACKENBOS.
To the Honoble. Provincial Congress,
for the Province of New- York.
New-York, June the 6lh, 2775.
Sir — I am now on my way to Connecticut, shall there-
fore be much obliged to the Congress of this Province for
giving me the fullest information of the measures they
have adopted, that I may communicate them to the House
of Representatives of the Colony of Connecticut.
As it will be impossible for me to give them an accurate
account, relying merely on memory, I shall esteem it a fa-
vour to be furnished with attested copies of those parts of
the minutes of the Congress which contain the most im-
portant resolutions and orders.
I intend to set out to-morrow morning, and shall esteem
28
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &;c.
myself happy in having an opportunity to execute any
commands tliat the Congress may have to the eastward.
I am, sir.
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
PIERPONT EDWARDS.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter from Abraham Lett, Esqr. aibout supplying the ships of war
with provisions, &c. from Governor's island and Brookland ferry.]
Gentlemen — This morning I have seen a printed reso-
lution of the Honourable Board, dated the 29th instant, by
which I am permitted in future (agreeably to former direc-
tions) to supply His Majesty's sliips on this station "with
all necessaries, as well fresh as salt, and that such supplies
be sent by me to the Governor's island, to be taken from
thence on board of the said ships."
In pursuance of which, I propose to write a letter to
Capt. Vandeput, informing him of the leave given by the
Honourable Board. But as the beer and water for the
King's ships have been supplied from Brookland ferry and
not from this city ; as those articles are put on board of
the ships in large, heavy butts, which require a number of
hands to hoist them in and out of the boats, and can not be
obtained any where else with the same ease and conveni-
ence ; and as the inhabitants at the ferry have no objection
to the man of war's boat coming there to take off those ar-
ticles, I humbly pray the Honourable Congress will be
pleased (prior to my writing Capt. Vandeput) to signify
their opinion, whether the man of war's boats may be per-
mitted to go to the ferry for beer and water, and whether I
may assure him they will not be molested and hurt in
going on that business.
I hope I may be permitted to add, that if this liberty is
not granted, it will be a difficult matter for the ships to
water, as they cannot get it on the Governor's island ; nor
do 1 conceive how it will be in my power to supply
them with beer in any other mode.
I have the honour, with all due deference to your supe-
rior judgments, to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedient servant,
ABRM. LOTT.
P. S. Enclosed I send an account of what I have sup-
plied, and am to supply. His Majesty's ship Asia with.
Jugt. 3Ut, 1775.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New-York.
Netv-York, 29th August, 1775.
May it please your Honours —
I have this day received your letter, in the name
of the President of this Honourable Congress, requesting
me, as pay-master, to advance to Colo. James Holmes
six hundred pounds, to enable him to pay his men. In
answer, I have only to say, that the resolution of the Ho-
nourable Continental Congress, by virtue of which I have
received the money destined for the use of the army in the
northern department, mentions that application thereof shall
be made " in such manner as General Schuyler, by his
warrant, shall limit and appoint." In consequence hereof,
I have received Genl. Schuyler's orders in the following
words, vizt : " As soon as you have possessed yourself of
the money which Congress has designed for this quartet,
and which I hope you will do with the greatest despatch,
you will please to exchange as much of it for either silver
or gold as you possibly can, and then repair to Albany."
Be assured, gentlemen, it is my wish to do every thing in
my power, consistent with my duty, for the general ser-
vice. I imagine, from the above representation, your
Honours will perceive it is not an undue attention to forms
which will prevent my advancing the money.
I am with esteem.
Your Honours' most obedient humble servant,
JONA. TRUMBULL, Junr.
Hono. Provincial Congress, New-York.
New-York, 26th August, 1776
Gentlemen — I am to inform you that, in consequence
of leave of absence from the regiment to which I belong, 1
arrived here last month, with my wife and child, and wilii
an intention of going to Europe, as soon as her situation
would permit ; and had actually bespoke our passage, on
board the Monimia, which now lies at the watering place,
and is to sail to-morrow. But this day Mrs. Brown has
been taken so ill, that Doctor Farquhar (who has just left
her) thinks her life will be in danger should she, in her
present state, undertake a sea voyage. This I think right
to inform you, that no unjust suspicions may remain in any
of your breasts, on account of my staying here.
I am, gentlemen, your most obdt. hum. servt.
JOHN BROWN.
To the Pjesident and Members of the
Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from Henry B. Livingston, Esq. informing that he accepts the
warrant for commission of a captain.]
Claremont, 6th June, 1775.
Sir — Yesterday I received my warrant( which permits me
the liberty I now take) from Capt. Sheldon, a member of the
committee appointed for Dutchess county. It was not with-
out surprise 1 received a commission inferior to that I have
been honoured with ; but the reflection that the Congress
will undoubtedly supply places of higher rank with more
experienced officers, soon rid me of the disagreeable
sensations my degradation had excited, and determined me
to accept the commission offered, with a fixed resolution to
be as useful to my country, as the station I am placed in
will allow me. I have this day enlisted ten men, and have
provided quarters and provisions for my whole complement,
at the rate of 8s. per week for each man. The men I have
enlisted bear good characters, and, to appearance, are
healthy, lively, and of robust constitutions. Proper per-
sons will be appointed to inspect them, by Saturday next.
Few of them will be able to furnish shoes, stockings, arms,
&c. You will infinitely oblige me, if you would lay this
matter before the Congress, and use your endeavours to
get arms sent to us as expeditiously as possible, as the dis-
ciplining them will be much retarded for want of them. I
can enlist many men who have those necessaries ; but this
will take up more time, and perhaps hinder me from gel-
ting men so fit for action as those I now have. A fifer I
believe can not be found in this part of the country ; a
drummer I have engaged. The rest of ray task shall with
all diligence be performed.
Sir, your most obedient humble servant,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Congress, New- York.
Ticonderoga, July 3d, 1775.
Sir — I would inform you that Lt. Col. Samuel Mott,
who is appointed engineer by the Colony of Connecticut,
arrived here yesterday. He has taken a survey of the for-
tresses at Fort George and this place, and is of the opinion
that they are altogether indefensible, should an attempt
be made against them with an artillery. Should a number
of troops arrive from Canada, sufficient to keep the field, a
thing not improbable, those posts must, of consequence,
fall into their hands. You will therefore see the necessity
of an augmentation of troops being immediately sent, as
well as a supply of gunpowder, of which we are almost
destitute. The importance of maintaining these posts, for
the benefit of your Province in particular, and of the United
Colonies in general, is such that no arguments need be
used, to enforce the speedy execution of some wise and
spirited measures for their defence.
It is my opinion, that a sufficient number of troops
should be stationed at Fort George, with a constant scout-
ing party, in order to prevent any sudden attack from the
enemy, and to keep open a safe communication with Al-
bany.' I propose forthwith to throw up an entrenchment
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
29
around the redoubt at Crown Point, in order to render the
place more defensible.
My men are daily on fatigue, in repairing bridges, mend-
ing highways, removing the cannon, and other necessary
employments ; so that you will readily see how inadequate
ray numbers are to the performance of all these duties, with
that speed and safety the necessity of the case requires.
I thmk it absolutely necessary that a captain's company
of those intended for this department, with suitable imple-
ments, be immediately directed to repair the roads and
bridges in their way to Fort George ; since it will be im-
practicable for the wagons to pass much longer, in the
wretched condition they are in at present, especially that
part between Halfmoon and Fort George.
The troops to be forwarded should be furnished with
tents ; a thing of absolute necessity, inasmuch as the bar-
racks are more crowded already, than is either for the con-
venience or health of the soldiery. Sundry gentlemen of
late have made application to pass these posts, with letters
of recommendation from the several Congresses. I should
therefore think it proper that the letters they bring with
them should be certified, as to their number and to whom
directed, in order to prevent the communication of any in-
telligence which might disserve the interest of the United
Colonies.
Capt. Edward Mott, who will wait on you with this, will
give you farther information to whatever questions you will
think proper to ask, as to the state and condition of these
fortresses, and will forward any commands you will think
proper to send.
I am, sir, with respects.
Your very humble servt.
BENJA. HINMAN, Col.
Mr. Peter V. B. Livingston, President
of the Provincial Congress, N. Y.
Sir — I esteem it a duty which I owe to the Province to
inform you that my apprehensions with respect to the
designs of the people in this county to stop the courts of
justice, were not ill founded. A party of the people on the
New-Hampshire Grants, strengthened by some persons of
desperate fortunes and bad character in the western dis-
tricts, had formed a resolution of abolishing the law, and
to effect their purpose, had actually marched on their way
to Fort Edward. Yesterday fortnight I had intelligence
of their design, and by a lucky incident put a stop to their
proceedings, at least for the present.
Captain Motte, who is the bearer of this, was marching
his company to join the forces at Ticonderoga. I men-
tioned to him the intelligence I had received, and applied
to him for his assistance. This gentleman coincided with
myself in opinion of the absolute necessity there was of
keeping up at least the shadow of order and justice, and
detained his company at Fort Edward, in order to protect
the bench.
The riotous parly getting information of this unlooked
for relief, desisted from their attempt.
As Captain Motte is on his way to your Congress, I
esteem myself bound in gratitude to mention his alacrity
in supporting good order within our Province, not doubting
but such a line of conduct will recommend him to your
attention. I have likewise to submit it again to your con-
sideration whether it might not be proper for the Provincial
Congress to make public their sentiments with respect to
the courts of justice. However daring many of the people
are in this county, I scarcely imagine they would dare to
counteract the avowed opinions of the Congress. It is
merely owing to chance and Captain Molte's conduct, that
this last court was not broke up ; and should this attempt
once succeed, it will not be an easy matter to restore order
amongst a people of so turbulent a spirit. Our county
will then be reduced to a worse dilemma than any otlier.
We shall not only have to oppose the incursions of the
[Vol. II.] 8
enemy on the frontiers, but shall be torn to pieces with in-
justice, anarchy and confusion. I am conscious, from the
knowledge I have of your personal character, of your
aversion to such proceedings, and have therefore thought
it advisable to write to you on the subject. Your interpo-
sition in this matter may save the spilling of blood the next
court ; for so long as I know it to be the sense of the coun-
try that the courts of justice should be supported, and that
I have the honour of sitting as one of the judges, I shall
endeavour to keep them open, even at the risk of my life.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your obedt. hble. servt.
V^M. DUER.
Fort Millar, June 5lh, 1775.
To Peter Van Brugh LivinrosroN, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress at New-York.
[Letter from Honble. Henry White, on the subject of a royal standard.]
Sir — Three gentlemen of the Provincial Congress called
upon me with an intercepted letter from Governor Martin,
of North Carolina, dated the 13th June, to send him a
royal standard from hence. They desired to know if I
had complied with his request, and whether I could inform
them respecting the measures he was now pursuing. In
answer to which I have to observe that he some time ago
wrote to me to send him such a standard, which I declined
to do lest it might be disagreeable to the people of this
place, and wrote him to that purpose ; which letter, I ap-
prehend, miscarried, or he must received it before the 13th
of last month. With regard to the steps he is now taking
in his government, I am utterly unacquainted with. He
has not communicated to me any particulars. Governor
Martin is a gentleman, I am intimately acquainted with,
and have transacted business for him ever since he has been
at North Carolina, which accounts for his applying to me
for the above standard. I imagine it will be believed that
I did not solicit the commission.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
HENRY WHITE.
Saturday, 8th July, 1775.
To Peter V. Livingston, Esqr.
Jlug. 12, 1775.
Gent. — Enclosed is amount of the goods I have bought
by virtue of your orders, on Continental and Provincial
account. Some of the tradesmen's bills are not yet come
in, and therefore it was impossible, on so short a notice,
to give you the exact amount. I have a clerk constantly
busy in posting the books, and am in hopes in eight or ten
days to have them finished, when I shall be able to give
you an exact account of the whole.
If I can get muskets and the whole quantity of blankets,
besides about 1,000 oars and some other articles which are
not yet purchased, I shall want at least twenty-five thou-
sand pounds to make good my engagements.
As to give you a particular account what the clothing,
&c. will amount to, it is impossible at this time to give
you an account of. I have made a rough sketch at bottom
for your government.
I am, gent, your most obed. servt.
P. .T CURTENIUS.
2852 coats at about 30* £4,278
1500 vests, breeches, shirts, shoes, stockings, hats, &c at 50*.
per man, 3,750
je8,028
Witt's Mount, 30th Jugusi, 1775.
HoNRD. Sir — I wrote you on the 8th inst. which Capt.
Radclift tells me he has delivered to yourself; since that,
I received none from you, which I do not impute to your
disregard thereto, but to throng of business and want of a
safe opportunity; however, the regard I have for my native
land and the liberties thereof, concerns me to such a de-
30
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
gree that I think myself in duty bound thereto, to give you
a further information.
Some time last week, Timothy Doughty, Adam Bergh
and Christian Bergh, Junr. three of the persons I mentioned
in my last, appeared at their houses and in this neighbour-
hood again public ; carried their pistols with them, bid de-
fiance to all, and threatened death if an attempt should be
made to take them ; endeavoured to obstruct the choice of
officers that was making on the 25lh inst. in Capt. Rad-
clift's company ; threatened him, damned the Congress,
spoke ill of the new commissions the officers are to receive,
and called them damned rebels ; after that, enlisted four
men in the Ministerial service, probably more; they offered
to enlist more, particularly a young man I hired a few
months, they would enlist him during the troubles in Ame-
rica, under the promise of 400 acres of land that shall be
conquered by the Ministerial army ; another they offered
to enlist in the same manner ; another they had enlisted,
and his master persuaded him back ; this they did all un-
molested. On the 28th inst. they went on board a sloop,
the said Bergh's own, with the four enlisted men and others,
and sailed down the river. Last night the sloop returned ;
they are all gone on board a sloop belonging to Tohn and
David Dop, in order to go on board the man or rlup of war.
These Dops carry wood to New-York, and commonly land
it at the North river docks, where they and their sloop are
well known. These proceedings seem to strike a terror in
this neighbourhood, although all tories, only a few except-
ed. It is by some suspected, they will in a few days re-
turn and attempt by stealth to carry me or some other per-
son or persons off to one of the ships of war; if it should
so happen, I expect no assistance, and as to myself, I am
not afraid; but if any mischief should be intended, I am
more afraid to share the like fate of Walter Livingston,
Esqr.
The question might be asked me, how, or in what man-
ner shall a stop be put to these and such like proceedings.
I allege there are many tories in Dutchess: it is a dan-
gerous attempt to quell, suppress and bring '^em to reason
by force. Some of the Convention and committee men in
Dutchess county are false and treacherous : nothing can
be concerted but it transpires to the tories. Dutchess
county has but 2 or 3 companies of minute men yet; New-
York is in danger and can not spare any, and many other
difficulties may be cast in the way. To which I answer,
there is but little difficulty or danger ; cowardice should
be removed first, the ringleaders should be advertised, a
reward offered to those who take them ; without any choice
sent to the mines. I am credibly informed the militia of
Esopus are all minute men, and want no better sport than
to come over ; 300 men from thence, with the minute men
in this county, or 2 or 300 men of the militia of Connec-
ticut, which are next joining to this county, under proper
officers to manage, as I proposed in my former letter, would
do the job in a very little time ; subscribing the association
or a recantation, should not be deemed sufficient, but an
oath should be added. If such a method is not taken very
soon, the breach will never be repaired and the end mise-
rable. I cannot pass by to let you know that I am informed
that Capt. John Van Ness, who never had no other than a
captain's commission one campaign, the last war, is nomi-
nated colonel of the minute men here, and Major Robert
G. Livingston, Junr. to be major ; which I think strange
and wrong — the latter is already a major in the militia, and
a gentleman that has all the qualifications of a commanding
officer, who is engraved on the hearts of the militia, ad-
mired almost to adoration, beloved by every one, the tories
not excepted ; this must be a Hoffman's trick, they are ever
false.
Petrus Ten Broeck, by commission from the Governor,
has been colonel of a regiment in this quarter; he is a man
not fit for it. The men that were willing he regarded not,
those that were unwilling he punished not ; trained at times,
the act forbid! by which he has brought the regiment in
confusion, and is the reason many turned tories. I hear he
has offered his service again ; it should not be accepted.
Anthony Hoffinan, who was his lieutenant-colonel, was
never before the regiment ; such disregard consequently
makes him unfit, besides other reasons. Robert R. Li-
vingston, Junr. should be colonel and Robert G. Livingston,
Junr. should be lieutenant-colonel in their stead, and they
should choose their own majors. Mr. Gilbert Livingston
has doubtless given information that none of the field offi-
cers in the regiment that was commanded by Leonard Van
Kleeck ought to be such again. These above mentioned
Dops ought not to be allowed to come to New-York with
their sloop : when they are here they are strong tories, and
when at New-York they feign themselves on the other side ;
and it is the same with one Nathan Closson and Peter
Thorp, who, with one John Hallock, own a boat ; they
also carry wood to New-York, and land it on the North
river docks ; are well known there ; none of them have
subscribed the association. Mordecai Lester, mentioned
in my last, has not appeared since ; it is said he is on board
the man of war.
These, my information and opinion, are not out of mal-
ice, ill will nor flattery, but impartial and sincerely for the
good of the common cause, but beg you will not use my
name, to prevent the venting of malice. I intend this for
Capt. John L. Hardenbergh, who I shall desire to deliver
it into your hands ; he knows nothing of the contents.
I am, with the greatest respect,
Honrd. sir, your very humbl. servt.
P. DE WITT.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq.
[Letter from Abraham Lett, Esqr. to the Delegates in Provincial Con-
gress, for leave to supply provisions to the ship Asia.]
Mr. Lott having received an order from the purser of
His Majesty's ship Asia to supply the said ship with sun-
dry provisions, takes the hberty herewith to hand the
same, and to request the favour that the Honourable Con-
gress will be pleased to signify their opinion whether the
order shall be complied with, and whether he shall be at
liberty to supply the said ship with such other provisions
as she may from time to time have occasion for, for her
own use, during her stay in this Colony.
City of New-York, May 21th, 1775.
To the Honourable the Delegates for the Province
of New- York.
New-York, 24i/t May, 1775.
Sir — The House of Representatives of the Colony of
Connecticut have appointed us a committee on their be-
half " to wait on the Provincial Convention of this Pro-
vince, in order to procure intelligence of the measures that
may be adopted by said Convention respecting the com-
mon cause of the British Colonies ; to communicate a true
state of the measures taken by said Colony, and to culti-
vate the friendship and harmony which subsists between
this Province and that Colony." We, therefore, take the
liberty through you, to communicate the business of our
appointment to the Provincial Convention of this Province,
and to inform them that we are at Mrs. Blau's, opposite
the Exchange, and should esteem it a favour to be fur-
nished from time to time with accounts of the steps taken
by the Convention, " that respect the general cause of the
British Colonies," and that we are ready on our part " to
communicate a true state of the measures adopted by the
Colony of Connecticut," and to use all means in our
power " to cultivate and improve the friendship subsisting
between this Province and said Colony."
We are, sir,
Your most obedt. hum. servants,
NATHL. WALES,
THADDEUS BURR,
PIERPONT EDWARDS.
Peter Va.v Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
31
Richmond county, the 2d May, 1775.
Gentlemen — Yours of the 28th ultimo we received,
and agreeably to your request, convened the freeholders of
the county of Richmond yesterday to consider of the
alarming and dangerous situation the Province is in, being
fully persuaded that no time should be lost, as every hour
threatens us with inevitable ruin. The necessity of the
case requires we should unite in forming a Provincial Con-
gress and appoint Deputies without delay ; the said free-
holders were unanimously of opinion that the present e:d-
gency of affairs required their adopting the measures re-
commended by your committee, and appointed us, the
subscribers, for that purpose, who will give our attendance
accordingly.
We are, gentlemen,
Your very hum. servts.
PAUL MICHEAU,
JOHN JOURNEY,
AARON CATELYOU,
RICHARD CONNER,
RICHARD LAWRENCE.
To Mr. Isaac Low, Chairman of the
Committee, New- York.
Ontario, July the Sth, 1775.
Sir — Though I received your letter from the Provincial
Congress several days ago, I had not a good opportunity
to answer it till now. I suppose, however, this will reach
you safe, notwithstanding all the rest of my correspon-
dence is interrupted by ignorant impertinents.
As to the endeavours you speak of, to reconcile the un-
happy differences between the parent State and the Colo-
nies, be assured T ardently wish to see them ; as yet I am
sorry to say, I have not been able to discover any attempt
of that kind, but that of the Assembly, the only true legal
representatives of the people. And as to the individuals
who you say officiously interrupt (in my quarter) the mode
and measures you think necessary for these salutary pur-
poses, I am really a stranger to them. If you mean my-
self, you must have been grossly imposed on. I once in-
deed, went with reluctance at the request of several of the
principal inhabitants to one of the people's meetings, which
I found had been called by an itinerant N. England leather
dresser ; and conducted by others, if possible, more con-
temptible. I had therefore little inclination to revisit such
men, or attend to their absurdities ; and although I did
not incline to think that you, gentlemen, had formed any
design against me, yet it is most certain that such designs
were formed; of this I received a clear account by express
from a friend near Albany, which was soon corroborated
by letters from other quarters, particularly one from a gen-
tleman of the committee at Philadelphia, a captain in your
levies, who was pretty circumstantial ; and since I have
had the like from many others. I have likewise found
that mean instruments were officiously employed to dis-
turb the minds of the Indians, to interrupt the ordinary
discharge of my duties, and prevent their receiving mes-
sages they had long since expected from me. To enter
into a minute detail of all the falsehoods propagated, and
all the obstructions I met with, though it could not fail
astonishing any gentlemen disposed to discountenance
them, would far exceed the limits of a letter, or the time
I have to spare. As I am now finishing my Congress
entirely to my satisfaction with 1340 warriors, who came
hither to the only place where they could transact business,
or receive favours without interruption, and who are much
dissatisfied at finding that the goods which I was necessi-
tated to send for to Montreal, were obliged to be ordered
back by the merchant, to prevent his being insulted, or
his property invaded by the mistaken populace ; that their
ammunition was stopped at Albany : the persons on this
communication employed in purchasing provisions for the
Congress, insulted, and all my letters as well as even some
trifling articles for the use of my own table stopped. And
this moment the mayor of Albany assured me that he was
the other day aroused out of his bed at a certain Mr.
Thompson's, above the German Flats, by one Herkeimer,
and 15 others, who pursued him to search for any thing he
might have for me. You may be assured, sir, that this is
far from being agreeable to the Indians ; that it might have
produced very disagreeable consequences long since, had
not compassion for a deluded people taken place of every
other consideration, and that the impotent endeavours of a
missionary (who has forfeited his honour pledged to me)
with part of one of their tribes, is a circumstance that, how-
evpr trifling, increases their resentment.
I should be much obliged by your promises of discoun-
tenancing any attempts against myself, &c. did they not ap-
pear to be made on conditions of compliance with Continen-
tal or Provincial Congresses, or even committees formed or
to be formed, many of whose resolves may neither consist
with my conscience, duty or loyalty. 1 trust I shall al-
ways manifest more humanity than to promote the destruc-
tion of the innocent inhabitants of a Colony to which I have
been always warmly attached ; a declaration that must ap-
pear perfectly suitable to the character of a man of honour
and principle, who can on no account neglect those duties
that are consistent therewith, however they may differ from
sentiments now adopted in so many parts of America.
I sincerely wish a speedy termination to the present
troubles.
And I am, sir, your most humble servant,
G. JOHNSON.
p. V. B. Livingston, Esq.
P. S. I shall have occasion to meet the Indians of my
department in different quarters this season.
[A letter from Marinus Willett and others of the officers, soliciting
for an allowance for clothing and arms, &c.]
New-York, July 26th, 1775
Gentlemen — Having freely accepted of the honourable
appointment which you have conferred upon us as officers
to serve in defending the rights and liberties of our injured
and oppressed country, permit us to lay before you the
great inconveniences, which we must unavoidably suffer,
from the necessity we are under of providing ourselves
with clothing, arms, &c. if there is not some adequate pro-
vision made to enable us to take the field. Were we pos-
sessed of fortunes sufficient to support ourselves, we should
be far from troubling you with our solicitations upon this
score, and should esteem ourselves extremely happy in
having the opportunity of sacrificing both that and our lives
in so glorious a cause ; but as that is not the case, we are
constrained to solicit your bounty, not doubting but you
will consider the peculiarity of our situation, and grant us
such relief as in your wisdom shall seem meet.
We are, gentlemen, in behalf and by order of the offi-
cers of our regiment,
Your very humble servants,
MARINUS WILLETT,
WILLIAM GOFORTH,
JAMES M. HUGHES,
JOHN BEEKMAN.
To the Honourable ProTincial Congress,
for the Province of New- York
Little Britain, July 2Ut, 1775.
I have just now received your letter dated July 17th,
requesting me to prepare and lay before the Congress of
this Colony at New-York, a state of my regiment and of
the number of men ready and fit for service in each com-
pany ; and likewise requesting me to inform the Congress
when the regiment will be complete and ready to take the
field, with all possible despatch.
I can only acquaint you that I have mustered Cajjl.
Nicholson's company and Capt. Denton's. Nicholson's is
complete : Denton wants but four men. Capts. IJrown
and Hasbrouck at Kingston, has made but small progress,
«
32 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
as they have but lately begun to enlist ; but I nnake no
doubt they will soon get their men. I have seen Capt.
Billings at Poughkeepsie, who says his company is com-
plete, and I suppose Capt. Duboys's is by this lime. I
ordered him to apply to Capt. Swartwout to muster the
two last companies, as he was appointed for that purpose.
I have had no account from Capt. Johnston at Orange
Town, nor the three captains on Long Island, but I sup-
pose they have made a return to the Congress, agreeably
to the directions given them in their warrant.
As the companies appointed to my regiment are at so
great a distance from each other, it is almost impossible
for me to make a return of the regiment till I meet the
Congress in New-York next Thursday, which I intend to
do as near the time as possible.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
JAMES CLINTON.
P. S. I find arms a scarce article amongst the men,
they not having a sufficient quantity to exercise them.
To Henry Williams, Esquire, Chairman of the
Commiltee of Safety, in the city of New- York.
Dutchess County, July 13lh, 1775.
Sir — Having been informed that the Congress was ad-
journed, and not knowing whether any of the gentlemen
from this county would be in New-York during the recess,
I have taken the liberty of transmitting to you the enclosed
warrants.
Mr. Adriance and Mr. Wilcox both decline, and our
county committee have, agreeably to the directions of the
Congress, recommended in the stead of the former, Mr.
James Betts, and of the latter, Mr. Isaac Paddack.
If the Congress should think proper to appoint those
gentlemen, you will be pleased to direct new warrants to
be issued and sent up immediately.
We have some reason to suppose other persons have
already applied for the commission of Mr. Adriance :
should that be the case, the committee do not expect their
recommendation will interfere with a prior application.
I remain, by order of the committee, with the utmost
respect,
Your very humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
New-York, llth July, 1775.
Gentlemen — As several inconveniences will arise from
the present arrangement, respecting the artillery company,
which I am appointed to command, I must beg leave to
point out some of the most material of them for your con-
sideration, in order that they may be removed (if possible,)
as they will inevitably impede the public service. Artille-
ry companies (in every country) are always looked upon
in a superior light to other foot companies, for which rea-
son men of reputation, and such as are qualified for that
department do not incline to enlist in the battalions, from
an apprehension (which I have not been able to remove by
all the arguments in my power,) that they will not be
draughted into the artillery, and consequently will be
obliged to serve under the command of the captain, with
whom they have enlisted ; besides they think it a disgrace
to appear in the ranks with such men as too often compose
the companies of foot. If the artillery company is to be
drafted from the battalions in the manner proposed, I
must be constrained to choose them, solely for their ap-
pearance and bodily strength, without having the least op
portunity of knowing either of their characters or princi-
ples, or whether they are qualified for the department in
which they are to serve, although it is essentially necessa-
ry that I should have some knowledge of those circum-
stances previous to their joining the company. Another
great inconveniency (I conceive) will arise in regard to
their clothing, if they are not to be drafted before the
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
battalions are complete, as I must consequently have a
number of men in different uniforms, it being more than
probable that they will be draughted out of different bat-
talions.
As there is no artillery companies in the service of Con-
necticut, it is the more necessary that ours should be im-
mediately formed, in order that the men may be instructed
in the several parts of their duty, and the necessary stores
be prepared, that we may be ready to act, when and where
the public service may require.
For these reasons, and to obviate the inconveniences
which I have pointed out (especially as none of the battal-
lions are near being completed,) I have thought proper to
submit it to your better judgment, whether such an altera-
tion in the arrangement should not be immediately made
as will give me an opportunity of enlisting my own men,
and forming the company as soon as possible ; and as
there is a distinction always held up between ihe artillery
and companies of foot, I must beg leave to request that the
clothing for the men may be better than that of the other
companies ; and that it may be blue, with buff facings.
I am, with the greatest respect, gentlemen.
Your most hum. servant,
JOHN LAMB.
To the Honble. Committee of Safety,
for the Province of New-York.
[A letter from Colo. Levi Pawling, appointing Marble Town, for the
place of rendezvous of his regiment.]
Marblelown, Deer. 14, 1775.
Gentlemen — Yours of the 17th Octr. last, I have re-
ceived, in answer to which I have given orders to the regi-
ment I have the honour to command, that whenever the
alarm shall be given, they muster (according to desire,)
equipped, and with provisions, in Marbletown, the place of
my residence.
Which is, gentlemen, from your assured friend
And humble servt.
LEVI PAWLING.
To the President of the Honoble.
Provincial Congress, now convened.
[A letter from Colo. Jas. Rogers, upon political principles, requesting
he may not be appointed a Brigadier-General.
Westminster, Cumberland county, }
Septr. 14, 1775. ^
Honoured Sir — I have received your letter, bearing
date May the 31st, 1775, and the papers enclosed. It was
till the 10th July before I received the same. I sincerely
thank you for this intelligence of matters which so nearly
concern us. We have appointed committees agreeably'to
the desire of your Provincial Congress. I have laid the
said papers before the Committee of Safety, for said coun-
ty ; they all are well pleased with the same. The associa-
tion recommended to be signed, is now circulating through
the county, and imagine the people will universally sign
the same. We expect to be able to send yours very soon.
If any thing material should occur, which deserves our
notice, we should take it as a favour if you would season-
ably communicate the same to us. You will perceive by
our Delegates, bond, sir, that the county have nominated
sundry gentlemen, as the most qualified persons for field
officers in this county. I would desire they might all be
commissioned except myself. I desire it upon political
principles.
T am, with great respect,
Your most obt. humble servant, &c.
JAS. ROGERS.
The Hon. P. V. B. Livingston.
[A letter from Colonel David Mulford, appointing the place of rendez-
vous in his regiment]
Easthampton, Decer. 9th, 1775.
Gent. — Your letter of 28th October have received, and
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
33
according to your order shall give orders to my regiment
to be equipped and ready to march to the place of rendez-
vous on any alarm. As the situation of the regiment is
such that it will be ill convenient to have the rendezvous
at one place, think it best to have it at two places, namely,
at Southampton Town and at Capt. John Hulbert's, in
Bridghampton.
I am, gent, your most obedient humble servt.
DAVID MULFORD.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, President of the
Provincial Congress, in New- York.
Red Hook, Dutchess County, Nov. 28th, 1775.
Sir — We have lately elected a new general committee
for this county, which met yesterday.
Although the gentlemen have honoured me with the
chair, yet as I reside in the extreme part of the county,
we found it very inconvenient that all matters respecting
the county should previously come to me, especially when
they are of such nature as to render a special meeting of
the committee necessary. We have therefore appointed a
committee of correspondence for the county, consisting of
the following gentlemen, to wit : Colo. Freer, Capt. Piatt,
and Messrs. John Child, Paul Schenk and Peter Tappen.
The residence of those gentlemen being at Poughkeep-
sie, they can with more ease and despatch communicate to
the county whatever intelligence they may from time to
time receive, and summon the members of the committee
in case of a special meeting, which we have authorized
them to do whenever they think it expedient.
I am directed to advise the Congress of this matter with
a request that for the future all letters, directions, &c. re-
specting the county may be sent and directed to our com-
mittee of correspondence.
I remain, (by order of the committee,)
Your very humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON, Chair'n.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr. Presdt. of the
Provincial Congress.
Sir — I am now to acknowledge the receipt of a letter
from some individual members of our late Congress, enclos-
ing copies of certain resolutions of the Continental Con-
gress, of the 8th instant, respecting a number of men to be
furnished by this county, for the use of the fortress in the
Highlands.
The letter came to hand the 18th instant, and I would
immediately have called the county committee together,
but found it would be the saving of only a few days, the
stated meeting being the 27th ; and therefore, with the una-
nimous advice of the friends to the cause, in the neighbour-
hood, I thought proper to defer the matter till that time,
especially as the caUing a special meeting, the members
being dispersed through the county, is attended with consi-
derable expense.
There was a circumstance, also, of which I supposed the
Congress ignorant, that induced me to think that the busi-
ness did not require such immediate despatch, namely :
that Capt. Havens, with 50 men belonging to the Continen-
tal forces, (the party that escorted the Chambly garrison to
Connecticut,) were on their march to garrison the forti-
fication.
I laid the letter before our general committee, on Mon-
day last, who ordered me to write to the colonels of the
two minute regiments in the county, desiring them each
to hold a company in readiness to march at a minute's warn-
ing, with a request, also, that those gentlemen would im-
mediately write to the commanding officer at the fortress,
informing him of the places of rendezvous of their respec-
tive regiments.
This measure was advised by three members of the
Continental Congress, whom I saw as they passed through
this county, in their way to the northward. They informed
me that they had been at the fort, where thcv had left part
[Vol. II.] 9 ^
of two companies ; and that when Mr. Havens arrived with
his party, there would be men sufficient for its present de-
fence, or at least as many as could conveniently be accom-
modated, and therefore proposed that we should only hold a
company or two ready to march upon an emergency.
I have the pleasure to inform the Congress, that several
companies have not only turned out as volunteers, but have,
both men and officers, solicited the service.
I remain (by order of the committee)
Your very humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
Red-Hook, Dutchess county, 7
Novr. 28th, 1775. i
[Copy of a letter written in the Mohawk Indian langnagCj which was
found on the road, and supposed to be lost by some Indians or
other.]
[translated.]
Written at Guy Johnson's, May, 1775.
This is your letter you great ones, or sachems. Guy
Johnson says he will be glad if you get this intelligence
your Oneydas had. It goes with him now, and he is now
more certain concerning the intention of the Boston people.
Guy Johnson is in great fear of being taking prisoner by
the Bostoneers.
We Mohawks are obliged to watch him constantly — there-
fore we send you this intelligence, that you shall know it ;
and Guy Johnson assures himself and depends upon your
coming to his assistance, and that you will, without fail, be of
that opinion. He believes not that you will assent to let
him suffer : we therefore expect you in a couple of days
time. So much at present we send but so far as to you
Oneydes ; but afterwards, perhaps, to all the other Na-
tions. We conclude, and expect that you will have con-
cern for our ruler, Guy Johnson, because we are all united.
ARON KANOENRARON,
JOHANNES TEGARIHOGE,
JOSEPH BRANDT,
DEYAGODEAGHNAWEOGH.
N. B. Joseph Brandt is Guy Johnson's interpreter.
Palatine District, May 18, 1775.
Gent. — We are so peculiarly circumstanced in this
county, relating to the present struggle for American liber-
ty, that we can no longer defer laying the situation of this
county before you. The district we represent has been
foremost in avowing its attachment to liberty, and approv-
ing the mode of opposition adopted in America, and are
now signing an association similar to what has been signed
in other counties in this Province ; and we hope in a few
days to have the pleasure to transmit it down for the press.
The county being extensive, it takes a considerable time
before the people, who are favourable to the cause, can be
got to sign, for we have caused copies of the association
to be dispersed in divers parts of the county.
This county has for a series of years been ruled by one
family, the different branches of which are still strenuous
in dissuading people from coming into Congressional mea-
sures, and even have last week, at a numerous meeting of
the Mohawk district, appeared with all their dependents
armed to oppose the people from considering of their griev-
ances ; their number being so large, the people unarmed,
struck terror into most of them, and they dispersed. We
are informed that Johnson Hall is fortifying by placing a
parcel of swivel guns round the same, and that Col. John-
son has had part of his regiment of militia under arms yes-
terday, no doubt with a design to prevent the friends of
liberty from publishing their attachment to the cause to the
world. Besides which we arc told that abont 150 High-
landers (Roman Catholics) in and about Johnstown, arc
armed and ready to march upon the like occasion. We
have been informed that Col. Johnson has stopped two
New-England men and searched them, being, we suppose,
suspicious that they came to solicit aid from us or the In-
dians, who we dread most, there being a current report in
this county that they are to be made use of in keeping us
34
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
in awe. We recommend it strongly and seriously to you
to take it in your consideration whether any powder or
ammunition ought to be permitted to be sent up this way
unless it is done under the inspection of the committee and
consigned to the committee here, and for such particular
shopkeeper as we, in our next, shall acquaint you of. We
arc determined to suffer none in our district to sell any but
such as we approve of, and sign the association.
Wfien any thing particular comes to our knowledge re-
lating to the Indians (whom we shall watch) or any other
thing interesting, we shall take the earliest opportunity to
communicate the same to you ; and as we are a young
county and remote from the metropolis, we beg you will
give us all the intelligence in your power.
We shall not be able to send down any Deputies to the
Provincial Congress, as we cannot possibly obtain the
sense of the county soon enough to make it worth our
while to send any. But be assured we are not the less
attached to American liberty, for we are determined, al-
though few in number, to let the world see who are and
who are not such ; and to wipe off the indelible disgrace
brought on us by the declaration signed by our grand jury
and some of our magistrates, who, in general, are consid-
ered by the majority of the county as enemies to their
country.
In a word, gentlemen, it is our fixed resolution to sup-
port and carry into execution every thing recommended by
the Continental and Provincial Congress, and to be free or
die. We shall always be glad of your advice and assist-
ance in all matters of importance.
At a meeting of Palatine District this day, we, the sub-
scribers, together with Peter Waggoner, Daniel McDougal
and Jacob Klock have been appointed a committee for this
district. And we beg leave to acquaint you that Chrisr.
P. Yates, Esqr. is appointed chairman of our committee,
to whom you will direct your letters.
We are gent, with great respect.
Your hble. servts.
CHRISR. P. YATES,
ISAAC PARES,
JOHN FREY,
HARMANUS V. SLYCK,
ANDREAS REEBER,
CHRISR. FOX,
ANDREW FINCH,
ANTHONY V. VEGHTEN,
GEORGE EHAR, Junr.
To the Committee of Correspondence in Albany.
[Copy of a letter to the Committee of Palatine district.]
Committee Chamber, Albany, 23d May, 1775.
Gent. — We received yours of the 21st instant, and can
assure you that we sympathize with you in your distressed
and distracted situation, but at the same time must rejoice
to find you so warmly engaged, amidst the opposition you
meet with, in the grand plan of operation generally, nay,
almost universally, adopted through the Colonies for the
preservation of our liberty and security of our property.
Enclosed you have a copy of a letter we have sent to Col.
Guy Johnson. We have sent also a committee to join a
committee from Schanactady to wait upon him and to
know the reasons of his military preparations, and the
source from whence those apprehensions he has from an
assault from the New-England people arose ; an answer
to the speech of the Indian chief (a copy of which you
have enclosed) and an interpreter to translate it for him,
and to make the Indians sensible of the nature of the dis-
pute between the mother country and the Colonies. You
complain of a scarcity of ammunition amongst you. We
are very sorry that, though there was a free communica-
tion between you and us, we have it not in our power at
present to afford you any assistance in that particular, as
the New-England people have carried off almost every
pound of powder that can be spared, though we understand
that the committee of Schanactady have some ; but be as-
sured that we will afford you every assistance that is in
our power to give, and shall rejoice to walk hand in hand
with you in every thing that shall tend to your particular
advantage in so critical a situation, and promote the grand,
the general cause, which thousands of our neighbouring
brethren are strenuously supporting at the expense of their
lives and estates. We can not at present advise you to
force a direct communication between you and us, as it
may be attended with bad consequences, and perhaps it
may be effected without such a risk as you must run in
the attempt. We have heard, several weeks ago, that
Col. Guy Johnson had appointed last winter to have a ge-
neral congress with the Indians this spring.
We have wrote a letter to the Revd. Samuel Kirkland,
missionary among the Oneida Indians, to use his influence
with them to maintain peace and harmony with the white
people.
Guy Park, May Wth, 1775.
Gentlemen — I have lately had repeated accounts that
a body of New-Englanders or others were to come to seize
and carry away my person and attack our family, under
colour of malicious insinuations that I intend to set the In-
dians upon the people. Men of sense and character know
that my office is of the highest importance to promote
peace amongst the Six Nations and prevent their entering
into any such dispute ; this I effected last year, when they
were much vexed about the attack made upon the Shaw-
nese ; and I last winter appointed them to meet me this
month, to receive the answer of the Virginians. And all
men must allow, that if the Indians find their council fire
disturbed and their superintendent insulted, they will take
a dreadful revenge. It is, therefore, the duty of all peo-
ple to prevent this, and to satisfy any who may have been
imposed on, that their suspicions and the allegations they
have collected against me are false and inconsistent with
my character and office.
I recommend this to you, as highly necessary at this
time, as my regard for the interest of the country and self
preservation has obliged me to fortify my house and keep
men armed for my defence, till those idle and ridiculous
reports are removed.
You may lay this letter before such as are interested in
these matters.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble servant,
G. JOHNSON.
To the Magistrates and others of Palatine,
Canajoharie, and the upper districts.
Guy Park, May 18th, 1775.
Gentlemen — We have for some days past heard of
many threats from the public, that give us reason to ap-
prehend that the persons or properties of gentlemen of
the first consequence, both with respect to station and
property, would have been insulted, in this county, and
myself in particular, under colour of a gross and notorious
falsehood, uttered by some worthless scoundrels, respect-
ing my intentions as Superintendent of Indian Affairs. To
gentlemen of sense and moderation these malicious, ill-
founded charges ought to be self-evidently false, as my
duty is to promote peace, and my office of the highest im-
portance to the trade and frontiers ; but, as these reports
are daily increasing, it becomes, both as a subject and a
man, to disavow them, and, until I can find out and chas-
tise the infamous author, to assure the public of their mis-
take, and to acquaint ihem that it has rendered it my duty
for self preservation, so necessary, that I have taken pre-
caution to give a very hot and disagreeable reception to any
persons who shall attempt to invade my retreat ; at the
same time, that I have no intention to disturb those who
choose to permit one the honest exercise of my reason and
the duties of my office, and requesting that you will im-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
35
mediately cause this to be made public to the Albany com-
mittee.
I remain, eentn. your very humble servt.
G. JOHNSON.
To the Committee of Schenectady.
[A letter taken from Angus McDonald.]
Friday Evening.
Dr. Sir — This moment I received your letter from
young Mr. McAdam, which I understand came by the
schooner, under cover, to Mr. McAdam. This morning
the Asia man of war arrived, in whom I make no doubt of
more orders being on board of her. I made bold to open
your letter, as the benefit of the service required it, and I
don't like the contents very well ; but still he don't consider
the difficulties of affairs here. I spoke to the mate of the
schooner as she came up and lies astern of the Asia, and
he told me that they expect to go olf in two days ; but at
the same time he cannot be sure of that, but only as he
imagines the thing. Fisher is gone to the Hook to wait
the packet's arrival, but whether the schooner will wait
the packet's arrival or not is uncertain ; but you'll consult
what's best to be done. Brandon goes off this afternoon,
and I told him that I had received your letter, as I expect
he'll be there before you.
I am, dr. sir, your very humble servt.
ANGUS McDonald.
To Alexr. McDonald, Staten island.
Dutchess County, Nov. 9th, 1775.
Gentn. — Enclosed you have a certificate of the election
of Deputies to serve for this county in the ensuing Provin-
cial Congress, which you will be pleased to present to the
Congress at their first meeting.
I am your humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON.
To John McKesson and Robt. Benson, Esqrs.
Ticonderoga, Nov. 29, 1775.
My dear Sir — I received yours of the 14th inst. ten
days after date. 1 am under infinite obligations to you for
■your attention and the confidence you have placed in me
m your several letters of the 1st September and 14th inst.
Be assured sir, that I shall maintain that trust you have
reposed in me, and hope very soon in some measure to re-
quite you for your many favours.
1 expect soon to retire to Albany or Saratoga, in winter
quarters.
That brave man you allude to is more in words than
deeds — a sample — at the approach of a shell from the ene-
my, a whole cargo of his men disembarked in the midst of
the stream — brave fellows !
I am, in great haste, yours affectionately,
RICHD. VARICK.
John McKesson, Ksqr.
My respects to our friend Johnny Scott.
[A Letter from Robert R. Livingston, Esqr. informing about Powder.]
M. of L. the \9th October, 1775.
Sir — I have received yours by Mr. Watkins, who was
liere this morning ; as I was not sure there was any powder
ready at my mill, it was not thought proper to send him
back six miles at an uncertainty. I have also received your
order to send 2001b. to the committee at Albany : this my
powder maker has promised should be ready to-morrow,
when I shall have an opportunity to send it up by Capt.
Dow. I am sorry to inform you that my mill does not turn
off half so much as I expected : it is partly owing to my
carpenter committing some faults in the formation, though
I had sent him at my expense to see those in Pennsylvania.
I am building a stove room to dry the powder in, which I
was not told was wanted till lately, and am promised it
shall go better for the future. Out of the powder mixed
with water sent me from Albany, I have made 1,0201b. of
very good ; the last part of which was sent up some days
ago: when I get the last receipt, shall send it down to you.
My powder maker thinks it hard you should order him to
send up 200 weight to the committee at £20 when, he can
retail as much as he can make at 6s. the lb. and sell it by
the lOOlb. at £25 ; however, what you have ordered shall
be sent and the price left to the Congress.
I remain, sir, yr. most humble servt.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON.
I have above 9001b. of saltpetre sent from Connecticut
by one Mr. Jabez Hamlin ; how must the powder, when
made, be disposed of? I should also be glad to know upon
what terms the Philadelphia powder men work, and shall
not ask any more than they have, whatever it be. I have
also about 4001b. of saltpetre sent me from Albany, be-
longing I suppose to the public ; this when worked up,
must be disposed of according to the directions of the Con-
gress, which I should be glad to have.
Poughkeepsie, November 7, 1775.
Sir — I am directed by the committee to inform you that
in consequence of the order of the Continental Congress,
Col. Grant has been apprehended, and is now at this place
in custody of Capt. Schenk.
Although nothing has been referred to us respecting Mr.
Grant, yet we thought it our duty to apprise the Congress
of the following transactions, as it may possibly influence
the measures they mean to take with him :
Some months ago Mr. Grant was taken by a party of the
Continental tories under the command of Capt. Rosekrans;
at this time no kind of evidence appeared against him, yet
he having then lately been to Boston, and intimating that
he had it in contemplation to go there again, and not an-
swering us satisfactorily, whether he being upon half pay,
if a regiment should be completed and ordered out against
the Colonies, and he should be ordered to join such regi-
ment, he would obey the order. We conceived it prudent
to lay him under an injunction not to depart the Colony
without leave of the Congress or this committee, and pass-
ed a resolution for that purpose. He requested time to
consider of the propriety of his entering into such engage-
ments, which was readily granted him, upon his promising
that in the interim he would not leave the Colony ; so that
Mr. Grant in effect, has engaged to us upon his honour,
not to leave the Colony during the present controversy,
until he has again appeared before the committee and given
his positive answer, whether he will comply with the above
requisition. Since that time no complaints have been made,
neither has any evidence appeared to us against Mr. Grant.
In justice to him, we must also inform you, that he assured
us his business to Boston was entirely of a private nature —
in order to complete the purchase of some lands, and that
at that time, he knew of no other kind of business which
would call him there again.
I remain, by order of the committee.
Your very humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairmati.
P. S. As we have no fund appropriated to that purpose,
we expect the express will be paid in New-York.
To Gilbert Livingston, Esqr.
one of the Deputies from Dutchess county.
Manor oj Livingston, 4th Novr. 1775.
Sir — I have received your favour of the 20th of last
month. I now send down the receipts from Mr. Walter
Living ton for the 1,020 lbs. of powder, by my son John
Livingston. I have made no account of it and don't know
what the Philadelphia manufacturers take for remanufac-
turing. I suppose you have been informed that this pow-
36
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
der was sent to me in as bad a state as well could be im-
agined. The casks, sonne of them, having nearly as much
water as powder in them, besides nails and other things in
it which made the working it somewhat dangerous. As
Mr. Livingston told me he had no orders to pay for it, I
desire you would inform my son who is to pay for it. If
there is any person appointed at New-York, I desire you
would direct him where he must apply. I shall leave the
settlement of the price to you. I have not got the receipt
for the 2001bs. sent by your order to the committee at
Albany. I had given an order to Dr. Van Dyck, with
whom I sent a part of it, to receive the money ; but the
committee informed him that they had no cash in hand at
present. As I suppose they will, according to your first
order, pay no more than £20 per hundred, I should be
obliged to you if you would inform my son who is to pay
the other five pounds, and the bounty. Whether the bounty
will be allowed on the manufactured powder, I know not ;
but if it is not, I believe you will consider it in the allow-
ance, as the bounty might have been earned in nearly the
same time the manufacturer was employed in this business.
I remain with great respect, sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
ROBT. LIVINGSTON, June.
Nathaniel Woodhull, Esquire.
President of the Congress, New- York.
Gent. — I received your favour of the 13th inst. and am
of opinion that fresh beef will soon be scarce unless I pur-
chase stall fed cattle. I shall, however, use my own judg-
ment and order some to be purchased, together with some
flour and pork. The Congress have resolved that Mr.
Phelps is one of my deputies, and having no business for
him here, have ordered him to repair to the battery erected
in the Highlands with all convenient speed. Mr. Egbert
Dumond has applied to me to purchase some flour, to whom
be pleased to deliver the enclosed.
I wish you much joy with the surrender of Montreal.
I am gentlemen, with great esteem.
Your most obedt. humble servant,
WALTER LIVINGSTON, D. C. Gen.
Jlbany, Nov. 22, '75.
To Colo. McDouGALL, and others.
Rynbeek, Mth Novr. 1775.
Sir — Received your favour October 28, 1775, wherein
you request of me to acquaint you with the place of ren-
dezvous, in case of an alarm. Do appoint the said place
in Rynbeek, on the flats, at the house of John Steenbergh.
Powder and lead is much wanted ; not any to be had here.
I am with due respect, gentlemen.
Your most humble servt.
JOHN VAN NESS.
To the Honourable Congress.
Trenton, 10th November, 1775.
Sir — Your letter of 17th ultimo, covering several reso-
lutions of the Continental and your Provincial Congress,
was delivered to me this afternoon under a new blank cover,
the hand writing of the superscription to me unknown.
Our Congress adjourned on the 28th last month to the first
Tuesday in April next, unless sooner convened by the
Committee of Safety.
The Assembly of this Colony meets at Burlington on
Wednesday next, at which time I shall have the opportu-
nity of seeing several members of our Committee of Safe-
ty, to whom shall communicate the contents of your letter.
At present the mode of forwarding all intelligence, ex-
presses, &c. is by our town committees, who, on the first
notice, furnish horses and proper persons from one town to
the other, which has answered very well as far as I have
heard, in times past, although I am convinced a further re
gulation is necessary ; and horses and proper persons ought
to be in readiness, kept at every stage for the purpose.
I have only to add that I am, although unknown.
Your most obedient humble servt.
SAM. TUCKER.
P. S. Direct in future to me at Trenton,
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esquire,
in Provincial Congress, New- York.
Jlbany, November 2, 1775.
Gentlemen — By the death of John Keyser, second
lieutenant in Capt. Christopher Yates' company, a lieuten-
ancy is become vacant in my regiment, of which I give the
Congress this early notice, and take the liberty to recom-
mend to the Congress, for that vacancy, Mr. Tobias Van
Veghten, a young gentleman in this town, whose political
sentiments and zealous attachment to the cause of liberty
are such as can be confided in. The Congress will readi-
ly perceive the necessity of a speedy appointment, that the
ofl5cer appointed may have an opportunity to join the regi-
ment, which is at present in Canada, before the passes are
impracticable.
I am, with perfect esteem.
Your most obedient humble servt.
GOOSE VAN SCHAICK.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
in New- York.
[A letter from Colo. Van Schaiek, attending two prisoners.]
Jlbany, Octobr. 15, 1775.
Sir — Agreeable to General Schuyler's orders to me,
I send down Sergeant Neil MacFall, of the 26th regi-
ment, and William Elphiston, both taken in Canada. 7'hose
prisoners will be delivered you by Thomas Batts, sergeant
in the Connecticut troops. Hope he will deliver them safe
to your custody.
I am, with perfect esteem.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
GOOSE VAN SCHAICK.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress in New- York.
[Letter of the committee of Kingston, in Ulster county, covering their
proceedings relating to Bergh's sloop.]
Kingston, Vith Sept. 1775.
Sir — At a meeting of the committee of this town on
Tuesday, the 5th instant, were informed by Mr. Egbt. Du-
mond, one of the Delegates in Provincial Congress, that a
sloop belonging to one Dop, was taken and destroyed by
fire, for carrying on a clandestine trade with the enemies of
British America. We were at the same time credibly in-
formed that a sloop belonging to one Christian Berg, at
Staatsburg, in Dutchess county, had been employed in the
same service. We immediately entered into a resolve, a
copy whereof, and the proceedings thereon is enclosed,
and herewith sent to you.
By order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT, Chairman.
P. V. B. Livingston, President of the
Provincial Congress of New- York.
[Letter from Samuel Bayard, Esqr. on subject of removing the records
at his office.]
New-York, Secretary's office, >
%th September, nib. \
Sir — I received the favour of your letter upon the sub-
ject of the public records under my care, and am with you
duly sensible of the great importance of them to the Pro-
vince, and the fatal consequences to private property, which
would arise from their destruction. How far any such
event may be probable at this time, I cannot form any judg-
ment ; and you must be sensible, sir, of the difliculty of
my situation, when, if I should, in the exercise of my dis-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
37
cretion, depart from the line of my duty, I might subject
myself to very disagreeable consequences.
Whenever the removal of the records is absolutely ne-
cessary, I shall not fail to continue my care of them, and
hope my attention to their security will evince my desire
to discharge the trust reposed in me with the strictest fide-
lity; and with respect to the place where they should in
that case be deposited, I can only say, that as it is out of
my power to tell from what quarter danger may arise, so it
is impossible for me to assign any place where they will be
free from danger.
I have not the least preference for one place above
another, but shall, at all times and in all places, use my
best endeavours to preserve them from injury ; and that
nothing on my part may be wanting, I shall provide proper
boxes for the most important parts of the records, to be
ready on any emergency.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient and humble servant,
SAM. BAYARD, Junr.
Nathaniel WoorHULL, Esquire.
[A letter from Lieut. Colo. Philip Cortlandt, covering the warrant of
Saml. Van Veghten, returned.]
Albany, Augt. 31, 1775.
Sir — The enclosed is a warrant returned by Saml. Van
Veghten. Hope some other person may be appointed in
his place.
Am, dear sir, with hum. respect, yr. obt. servt.
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Albany, Augt. 28, 1775.
Dear Sir — Agreeble to verbal orders received from
Colo. Holms, when last in New-York, made all the de-
spatch in my power to this place, where I arrived the 26th
inst. finding Capt. Henry B. Livingston with his company
in a small house in town : he wants many things, such as
shoes, stockings, shirts, under clothes, haversacks and cash,
having advanced all himself what has been paid his men as
yet. The day I arrived came up the following captains
with their companies : Capt. Herrick, Capt. Palmer, Capt.
Horton, and Capt. Mills, all without blankets, except Capt.
David Palmer ; many of the men wanting shirts, shoes,
stockings, under clothes, and in short without any thing fit
for a soldier except a uniform coat, and not more than thir-
ty guns with four companies fit for service.
They are now on board of the small boats that brought
them up, having no place for them to go into, as there is
not one tent that I can find for our battalion, and three com-
panies without blankets, and none to be had at this place.
I do not know how to act or what to do with them ; they
begin to ask for cash and better lodging, being much crowd-
ed in the small boats, in which I am obliged to keep them.
I this morning made application to the committee of Al-
bany, who will do all in their power for me, which I be-
lieve is but very little. Shall be much obliged to the
Honourable Congress to send me with all convenient speed
arms, blankets, tents, shoes, stockings, haversacks, and cash,
by all means. I want to be going forward, where by what
I can learn, we shall be wanting if we can go soon, or not
at all. The men say, " Give us guns, blankets, tents, &c.
and we'll fight the devil himself ; but do not keep us here
in market boats, as though we were a parcel of sheep or
calves." In short, nothing can give me more pleasure than
the arrival of the aforesaid articles ; until which shall do
all in my power to keep the men together, and in as good
order as clubs and canes can keep them, without arms to
keep a proper guard, as I have orders from the general to
collect all the arms together, and send as many men off
directly to Ticonderoga, (and that without tents,) which
10
will not be a full company, unless I can purchase some
arms here.
I remain, dear sir,
Your most obt. hum. servant,
PHILIP CORTLANDT,
Lieut. Colo, of 4:th battn.
P. S. The cash I received, I was obhged to pay to the
mutinous men in the lower barracks, and I sent by Lieut.
Riker to Capt. Woodard, at New-Town, Long island, some
part of it.
Albany, 29th August, 1775.
Gent. — I am at present stationed in Albany by General
Schuyler to forward the troops that arrive here to Ticon-
deroga, and it gives me pain to inform you that Colo.
Clinton arrived here with the other field officers and six
companies of his battalion, five of which are armed but in
bad repair ; they have been supplied with blankets at this
place ; other necessaries are wanted.
Colo. Van Cortlandt is also arrived here with five com-
panies of Holmes's battalion, who have not arms sufficient
to supply one company, and are totally destitute of all other
tents, accoutrements and necessaries, saving their regi-
mental coats. We shall endeavour to procure as many
stand of arms as possible upon terms of the resolve pub-
lished by you, but am very well persuaded that the num-
ber will greatly fall short of the number wanted to supply
the companies that are now here and those expected.
As Genl. Schuyler is returned to Ticonderoga, this mat-
ter I conceive comes within my province, and I should
ever accuse myself of inhumanity and a want of love to
my country should I be backward in giving you a true ac-
count of the situation and distress of these companies,
when I consider how much they are wanted at the forts
above. I therefore look up to you, and beg that you will,
without delay, send up such or so many arms, tents, blan-
kets and other necessaries as will supply those companies,
so that they may be forwarded with the utmost despatch.
I must also inform you, the men are much discontented
for want of their pay, and do assure you that the service
greatly suffers ; there is scarce any thing to be heard in
the camp but mutinies. I have, for that purpose, wrote
to Mr. Jonathan Trumbull, Junr. who I am informed is
appointed deputy paymaster-general, which letter I en-
close you, as I do not know where he is at present. I
beg, therefore, that you will forward it to him by express.
I am very happy, however, to inform you, that notwith-
standing the clamours and discontent of my men at first,
there are at present nine of my companies up at Ticonde-
roga, with the other two field officers, in actual service,
and the last will march to-morrow.
I am, gent.
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
GOOSE VAN SCHAICK.
New-York, Augt. ibth, 1775.
Sir — I had the honour of receiving, by Colo. Campbell,
your letter of the 28th July last, enclosing me a commis-
sion as deputy adjutant-general to the Continental army,
with the rank of colonel.
As your Honourable House has been pleased to confer
this honour on me unanimously and without my solicita-
tion, I consider, with respect and gratitude, this mark of
their confidence in my zeal for the public service.
I lament extremely that it has not been in my power to
officiate immediately in this necessary department ; but
my appointment being totally unexpected, I have not been
able to arrange my connections with my brothers in the
island of Dominica so as to prevent the risk of their for-
tune by my political conduct. Were I to neglect this
point I should be insensible to honour, and consequently
unworthy of the trust reposed in me. I have, therefore,
38
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
proceeded to town on the immediate receipt of your letter,
in order to submit my engagements with my brothers to
the opinion of such friends whose candour and judgment
are most liliely to assist me ; and entreat the favour of
your Convention to grant me an indulgence of three days,
before I declare whether or not I can accept of the com-
mission you have been pleased to nominate me for.
Be assured, sir, that my bosom glows with the warmest
zeal for the cause of America, and that I will strenuously
support it at the risk of every thing except honour and
virtue.
I am, with great respect,
Your obedt. hble. servt.
W. DUER.
Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
Claremoni, 18th Augt. 1775.
Sir — I wrote to you yesterday in a great hurry, before
I had notice of the arrival of the clothes for the troops at
this place, which to my great surprise I find to be only a regi-
mental coat and a blanket for each man — no hat, shirt,
waistcoat, breeches, stockings, or shoes : all these things
we have been led to expect from the tenor of our instruc-
tions for enlisting men, wherein we are directed to observe
that the troops raised by this Colony, will be placed pre-
cisely upon tne same footing, with respect to pay, cloth-
ing, &c. with the other Continental troops now raised, or
hereafter to be raised for the general defence. We did not
know with certainty how the Continental force, were to be
supplied, but conjectured that they were to be furnished
with every necessary, till some of our late papers came to
hand, in which we observed the captains for New York
had placed an advertisement setting forth that volunteers
in this service would be allowed Is. \ \d. per day, and a
suit of clothes, arms, &c. to be found them ; this was not
contradicted by the Congress. Can the gentlemen who
compose it conceive no necessity for a supply of shoes to
a body of men who are to march 250 miles through a
rough country ? How much farther I know not. Nor can
thev think that a regimental coat will make them uniform,
when some of the men have waistcoats, others none, some
trousers, others none, some hats, others without, some
ragged, others whole. Want of decent clothing, I fear,
will oblige many to desert the service, who have engaged
in it from principle, and with the sole view of extricat-
ing the country from its present difficulties. However if
it be the sense of the Congress, that the troops are to be
furnished with these necessaries from their pay, and they
think proper to advance it for that purpose, I will en-
deavour to bring the men in my company to agree to it ;
though I can't help thinking it will be a difficult task, as
they are much displeased at the parsimony of the Con-
gress : it has been very near creating a mutiny in my com-
pany already. This I have thought it my duty as an offi-
cer to mention to you, that if the Congress think it merits
attention they may have it in their power to apply the
remedy in time.
Having thus fully laid before you the reasons for dis-
satisfaction among the men, I will now mention to you a
circumstance that has given no little uneasiness to the offi-
cers of our battalion. I have received the appointment
of a major to the regiment to which I belong, and also of
one other to the third battalion. I am much at a loss to
account for the indignity that has been offered me in both
these appointments, and fear that the Congress have im-
bibed some undeserved prejudices against me. By the
Crown I was thought qualified two years ago for a ma-
jority, since which time I have made it an object of some
attention to fit myself for that station ; though I must con-
fess that I by no means think myself equal to the task, and
therefore should have readily acquiesced in the nomination
of a gentleman of more experience than myself. But when
persons that have had the advantage of no experience, are
advanced from a lieutenancy over the head of a major, it
carries either the highest compliment to their abihties or
the greatest reflection on his. To the first I am so far
from objecting, that I rejoice at the early dawning of that
superior genius in which the Congress see the want of ex-
perience so amply compensated. The idea of the last ex-
cites sensations which I do not care to express. I will
only observe that, as a sense of duly and a regard to the
interests of this country were the only motives that in-
duced me to enter into the service ; so the same principle
will continue me in it, till the Congress can with con-
veniency supply my place, when I shall rejoice at my dis-
mission. In the mean while as I know myself superior to
little piques, I shall take care that they do not discover
themselves in my conduct.
I remain with all imaginable respect.
Your most obedient humble servant,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
N. B. Lieutenant Paddock, my second lieutenant, has
had my orders to be with me a fortnight ago ; if he does
not come, I should be glad to have John Banks, who is now
with me as a common soldier, in his room. He is a man
well qualified for a captaincy, and has seen a great deal of
service last war.
New-Haven, Aug. 8th, 1775.
Sir — These are to inform you the reason I left Congress
so abruptly. Last Saturday, I was taken unwell of a sud-
den, was obliged to go out, and after some hours, felt my-
self much better ; then set out for this place, where I am
executing some business of importance to myself, and
shan't be able to attend Congress this month ; and must
beg their excuse for so doing.
I am, sir, with due respect.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
ISAAC SEARS.
New-York, Aug. 10, 1775.
Gent. — I was yesterday informed, by a member of the
Continental Congress, that not a shilling of the Continental
money would be paid, or even lent, to pay for the clothing
or guns which I have purchased on the public credit. If so, I
shall be in a very disagreeable situation, because there is
no fund established by the Provincial Congress, as yet, for
that purpose. The goods I have purchased are all on the
credit of the Provincial Congress, on condition to pay for
them as soon as the Continental money came in my hands.
As soon as it arrives, I shall have about three hundred per-
sons calling on me for their money. Those I have pur-
chased clothing from, must be sent back without money ;
the consequence of which will be abuse for deceiving
them. Figure to yourselves the situation I shall be in. I
hope some plan will be fallen on, to borrow the money to
pay for the clothing and making, or else I must lock my-
self up.
I have stopped the gunsmiths, this morning, from pur-
chasing any more guns, because they can't get any with-
out the cash, and I have none to pay for them, having al-
ready advanced out of my pocket, in cash and goods, little
short of one thousand pounds.
My clerk is returned from Philadelphia, and informs me
that he can get, from Thomas and Isaac Warton, blankets,
match coats, &c. to the amount of £1,135, lOs.Sd. Penn-
sylvania currency, (particulars as per invoice enclosed,)
upon condition that I take the whole, and pay for them be-
fore they are delivered out of their store. As to duck, none
can be had. Drillings he could get about 20 or .SO pieces ;
price, 2s. Ad. cash, and 3s. per yard, on the credit of the
Congress. The merchants here made no such conditions
or distinctions. Several have been so generous as to sell
their goods under what they could get for them from indi-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
39
viduals ; and as to provisions and blacksmith's work, I
bought all at cash price.
I aai, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
To the Members of the N. York
Provincial Congress.
Sir — As I am ordered by the Provincial Congress to
proceed with my company immediately to Ticonderoga,
I should be glad to know (as their clothing is to be of a
better quality, and a different make) if provision is made
for that purpose.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
JOHN LAMB.
Thursday, 3rd August, 1775.
To Mr. Peter T. Curtenius.
[Letter from Mr. Peter T. Curtenius, covering a letter from John Lamb,
concerning Murrays' duck and osnaburgs, and oars. ]
Gent. — The enclosed is a note I received from Capt.
Lamb : should be glad to have an order from Congress
about this matter.
I have waited on Messrs. Murrays, about the 20 pieces
duck and, 60 pieces osnaburgs. They request an order
from the Congress, to the committee at Elizabeth Town.
1 have made an inquiry about oars, and can't find above
150 in town, 97 of which I sent up yesterday. For, the
remainder, I have contracted with Capt. Bradley, of New-
Haven, to deliver them in 10 or 12 days.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
Augt. 3, 1775.
[A letter from Walter Livingston, Esq. Commissary General ; dated at
Albany 29th ult. covering copy of his Commission.!
Albany, July 29th, 1775.
Gentlemen — I lately received a commission from the
Continental Congress, a copy of which I shall inclose you,
appointing me deputy commissary-general for this Pro-
vince. I must therefore request you, to order all stores,
&c. which are purchased by order of Congress for the
army in this Colony, to be consigned to me, or my assistant
deputy, at Albany, and also that I be furnished with an
account of all stores and provisions, which are now ordered
to be purchased.
I was at Ticonderago last week : the fortress there is in
a most ruinous situation. For want of many officers, such
as quarter-master, muster-master, surgeons, &c. the
General is under the necessity of acting in all those depart-
ments. I dread the consequence, should he be attacked
by any considerable army and if he is defeated the garri-
son must all fall victims, for retreat they cannot, for want
of batteaux. He had neither carpenters to build boats,
nor materials to make them of. Two saw mills are now
cutting boards with one saw each.
I yesterday by request of General Schuyler sent up
twenty carpenters and shall from time to time furnish him
with such articles as he shall order, and I can procure ;
although they should not belong to my department until
proper officers are appointed.
I remain, gentlemen.
With the greatest respect,
Your obedt. humble servant,
WALTER LIVINGSTON,
Dy. Com. Gen.
The New York Provincial Congress.
New- York, Ist August, 1775.
Gentlemen — I beg leave to recommend Isaiah Wool,
as lieutenant-fireworker of the artillery company, which
I am appointed to command. I should not have been so
late in recommending a person to that ojSice, if I could
have met with one sooner, capable of acting in that station.
I am, with the greatest respect,
Gentlemen,
Your most humble servant,
JOHN LAMB.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress,
for the Colony of New York.
[Letter from Jas. Duane, Esq. one of our Colony Delegates to this
Congress ; dated June 17, 1775.]
Gentlemen — Your favor of the by express came
to hand yesterday, and the papers you enclosed have been
communicated to the Congress, who can not but approve
of your generous and spirited conduct.
You have by this conveyance two packets from the Pre-
sident of the Congress; on the subject to which they relate
I need make no remarks.
As it was found that you had made no progress in raising
men, the Congress have thought fit that the posts directed
to be taken in our government should immediately be oc-
cupied by the troops of Connecticut, which are ready for
service and unemployed. We enclose you by order of the
Congress a certified copy of their resolutions on that head.
Your great complaint of the want of money will I hope
be soon removed. For your present satisfaction we have
obtained leave of the Congress to inform you that the
general committee of the whole body have reported a reso-
lution to emit, in continental paper currency, a sum not
exceeding the value of two millions of Spanish dollars, for
the redemption of which all the Colonies are to be pledged.
Upon revolving the object of this resolution you will find
to agree in the main point ; the utility of the fund, with
your own judicious system, we hope soon to furnish you
with the particulars of this important transaction. We are
likewise at liberty to acquaint you that the Congress have
agreed to raise at the Continental expense a body of 15,000
men, 10,000 for the defence of the Massachusetts, and the
remainder to be employed in New York for keeping open
the communication between the Northern and Southern
Colonies ; and that Col. George Washington, is appointed
Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief of all the forces
raised and to be raised in the common cause. You are
under no further obligation of secrecy on those points than
to prevent their being inserted with any newspaper, from
with it is apprehended some prejudices might arise.
The letters for Governor Trumbull and General Woor-
ster, relate to the removal of the Connecticut troops into
our government, and are to be forwarded with your des-
patches on that subject ; but they are only from their Dele-
gates, and not authoritative, the Congress having referred
it to you to make the application to that government.
I have retired from the Congress at the request of my
brother to send off these despatches ; for which reason I
have done the honour of subscribing myself with the great-
est respect.
Gentlemen,
Your most obdt. and very humble servt.
JAS. DUANE.
Phiadelphia, June llth, 1775.
To tiie Provincial Congress of New York.
Gent. — Pursuant to your order, I have purchased on
the public credit 261 ps. raven's duck, which is all that
is in town ; also 26 bell tents and 635 haversacks of Mr.
Levy ; one bell and one officer's tent from Capt. Deverux.
I have delivered 137 ps. duck to the tent makers, out of
which they have made 250 tents, which arc finished and in
my store ; there remains 124 ps. duck in my hands, which
will make about 227 soldier's tents more.
I made an inquiry about blankets and find them very
scarce, and what there is arc not of the right sort or size,
particulars as under. Those I sent per Capt. Wendell were
two point blankets, two of which sewed together, will make
40
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
one good blanket, and therefore bought double the quantity
ordered.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
June 28, 1775.
John Morton, 38 one point blankets, four of which will
make one good blanket.
Abm. Brinckerhoff, 140 blankets, one bale of them are
one point blankets, the remainder arc 9 and 10 quarter rose
blankets, from 18s. to 25*. each.
Joseph Totten, Lawrence Embree, J. Pearsall, Elir.
Miller and Alexr. Roberson have none but 8 and 9-4 rose
blankets.
Gentlemen — As the peace and happiness of the coun-
try are objects that every good man should have at heart, I
think it highly necessary to acquaint you that for a few days
I have been put to the great trouble and expense of fortify-
ing my house and keeping a large body of men for the de-
fence of my person, &;c. having received repeated accounts
that either the New-Englanders or some persons in or
about the city of Albany or town of Schenectady are com-
ing up, to a considerable number, to seize and imprison
me, on a ridiculous and malicious report that I intend to
make the Indians destroy the inhabitants, or to that effect.
The absurdity of this apprehension may easily be seen by
men of sense, but as many credulous and ignorant persons
may be led astray and inclined to believe it, and as they
have already sent down accounts, examinations, &c. from
busy people here, that I can fully prove to be totally devoid
of all foundation, it is become the duty of all those who
have authority or influence to disabuse the public and pre-
vent consequences which I foresee with very great con-
cern, and most cordially wish may be timely prevented.
Any difference in political ideas can never justify such ex-
travagant opinions, and I little imagined that they should
have gained belief amongst any order of people who know
my character, station, the large property I have in the
country and the duties of my office, which are to preserve
tranquillity amongst the Indians, hear their grievances and
prevent them from falling upon the trade and frontiers.
These last were greatly threatened by the Indians on ac-
count of the disturbances last year between the Virginians
and Shawanees, during which my endeavours prevented
the Six Nations from taking a part that would have sensibly
affected the public, and I appointed last fall that the Six
Nations should come to me this month in order to receive,
amongst other things, final satisfaction concerning the lands
said to be invaded by the Virginians, who have now sent
me their answer. In the discharge of this duty 1 likewise
essentially served the public ; but, should I neglect myself
and be tamely made prisoner, it is clear to all who know
any thing of the Indians, they will not sit still and see their
council fire extinguished and superintendent driven from
his duty, but will come upon the frontiers in revenge, with a
power sufficient to commit horrid devastation. It is therefore
become as necessary to the public as to myself that my per=
son should be defended ; but, as the measures I am neces-
sitated to take for that purpose, may occasion the propa-
gation of additional falsehoods, and may at last appear to the
Indians in a light that is not for the benefit of the public. I
should heartily wish, gentlemen, that you could take such
measures for removing these apprehensions as may enable
me to discharge my duties, (which do not interfere with
the public,) without the protection of armed men and the
apprehension of insult, and as the public are much inte-
rested in this, I must beg to have your answer as soon as
possible.
I am, gentlemen, your most humble servt.
G. JOHNSON.
To the Magistrates and Committee of Schenectady,
and to the Mayor, Corporation, &c. of Albany, to
be forwarded by the former.
Le Congres de la Colonic de la Nouvelle-York Assemble,
le 25 de Mai, 1775.
Vu que les ennemis de la liberte de rAmerique s'effor-
cent sans cesse de desunir ces Colonies, et que pour y
reussir, des gens mal intentionnes peuvent donner a enten-
dre, que les Colonies du nord onl forme le projet d'attaquer
nos compatriotes du Canada :
Nous avons resolu, que ce Congres recommande tres
instamment a toutes personnes generalement quelconques,
de ne point commettre d'hostilites contre les habitans dudil
pais, et qu'il declare a tous, que nous regardons de tela
procedes comme infames, et tendans a faire un tres grand
tort a toutes les Colonies.
Ordonne, Que la resolution ci-dessus soil rendue pub-
lique.
Pour copie fidele des minutes.
ROBERT BENSON, Secretaire.
Le Congres de la Colonic de la Nouvelle-York Assemble,
le 2 de Juin, 1775.
Nos tres chers Freres et Compatriotes —
II a plu au Createur de I'univers de partager ce
monde entre differentes societes, et d'en regler les homes.
Sa providence divine ayant ordonne qu'ici bas, notre bon-
heur et nos calamitea seraient le r^sultat de laconduite que
nous tiendrions les uns a I'egard des aulres, notre voisinage
a resserre les liens de cette dependance universelle ; et elle
nous a fourni les moyens de rendre les bienfaits, et de re-
pousser les injures. Soyez persuades que nous vous re-
gardons comme nos amis, et que nous vous aimons comme
nos freres.
Dans la dispute qui s'est elevee entre la Grande Bre-
tagne et ses Colonies, il s'agit de decider si nous devons
etre sujcts ou esclaves. Les droits que nous avons herites
de nos ancetres, et les loix de notre patrie, nous rendent
maitres absolus des biens que nous possedons. II n'y a
personne sur la terr« qui puisse nous les enlever legitime-
ment. C'est par I'equite, et non par la violence, que les
hommes doivent etre gouvemes. La liberie qui nous as-
sure, et le droit de rendre a I'etre supreme le culte que
nous croyons lui etre le plus agreable, et la jouissance
paisible de nos biens, est le seul objet de tous nos soins et
de tous nos travaux.
La tiranie du Ministre travaille a detruire dans les Co-
lonies de la Grande Bretagne, les droits les plus precieux
de I'humanite. Pour revendiquer ces droits, quelques per-
sonnes s'y sont emparees des forts situes pres de vos fron-
tieres.
Nous avons entendu dire qu'on avail eu I'imprudence
d'attaquer le poste de St. Jean. Soyez persuades que
ceux qui veillent a la defense de la liberie des Colonies,
n'ont point eu de part a cette expedition. Et quoique nous
ayons pris les mesures que nous avons cru convenables
pour defendre nos forts, nous n' avons d'autre intention que
celle de detourner les hostilites que nous craignons des
troupes reglees de votre Colonie.
Persuades que les ennemis de notre Roi et de son peu-
ple s'empressent de saisir ces momens facheux, pour
semer la defiance et la dissension entre les habitans des
Colonies, nous vous conjurons de ne vous point laisser
seduire par leurs artifices, etde vous souvenir des horreurs
et des mauxinfinis que cause une guerre barbare. Evitez
les dangers qui menacent notre felicite mutuelle. Loin de
vous soumettre a un esclavage honteux, prenez la resolu-
tion genereuse de participer avec vos compatriotes, au
bonheur d'une surete perpetuelle, qui est le partage glo-
rieux de la liberie.
Croyez, nos tres chers compatriotes, que nous sommes,
avec un attachement sincere,
Vos freres et vos amis.
PETER VAN B. LIVINGSTON,
President.
A Messieurs les habitans de la Province
de Quebec.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
41
[Address to the Inhabitants of the Province of Quebec. ]
In Provincial Congress, )
Neiv-York, June 2, 1775. ^
Friends and Countrymen —
The Parent of the Universe, hath divided this eartli
amongst the children of men, and drawn out the hne of
their habitations, Tiiis great God having ordained that all
our joys and sorrows here below, should proceed from the
effect of human action upon human beings. Our situation
has drawn together this great bond of mutual dependence,
and enabled us to deal out injuries and kindnesses to each
other. We consider you as our friends, and we feel for
you, the affection of brothers.
The great question between Britain and her Colonies,
is, whether they are subjects, or whether they are slaves.
The rights delivered down to us from our forefathers —
the venerable laws of our country, have subjected our
own property to our own disposal, nor hath any earthly
power a right to take it away. Mankind ought to be go-
verned by the dictates of justice, and not by the hand of
oppression. The peaceable enjoyment of what we yet
call your own, and that hberty which confers on every
man the right of adoring his God in the manner which he
humbly thinks most agreeable to the divine nature ; these
are the objects of all our labours, and of all our cares.
Ministerial tyranny hath endeavoured, throughout all
these Colonies, to rend from us the dearest rights of hu-
manity. And in the defence of those rights, some persons
have taken certain forts in this Colony, which are near your
frontiers.
We have heard that others have made an attack upon
the post of St. Johns, an attempt without our counsel or
participation ; and although we have taken measures for
the defence of our own fortresses, yet our only intention
is to prevent any hostile incursions upon us, by the troops
in your Province.
Confident that the enemies of our King and his people
will take every opportunity to excite jealousies and discord
amongst us, we beseech you not to be imposed on by their
artifices, but call to your remembrance the complicated
horrors of a barbarous war. Avoid those measures which
must plunge us both into distress, and instead of consent-
ing to become miserable slaves, generously dare to parti-
cipate with your fellow subjects in the sweets of that se-
curity which is the glorious lot of freedom.
We are, with sincere affection,
Your brethren and friends,
P. V. B. LIVINGSTON, President.
New-York, 14t/t June, 1775.
Sir — My conduct before the committee of Albany with
relation to the northern frontier of this Colony, hath, as I
am informed, given rise to sundry insinuations derogatory
to my character as a gentleman and as a friend to the rights
and liberties of America. Conscious sir, that my bosom
has never prompted a thought inimical to this Colony, I
feel on this occasion, the warmth of an innocent, injured
man. By the report industriously circulated to my disad-
vantage, my person and properly are deeply endangered ;
at the same time, the facts on which such tales are founded,
arc of such a nature, that it would be improper to explain
them to the world,
I do therefore, sir, most humbly entreat of your honour-
able House, that they would be pleased to appoint some
gentlemen as a committee to examine into my conduct this
afternoon, and that they will pardon any seeming impro-
priety in naming a lime for that purpose by me, which I
am confident will readily be done, when the House are in-
formed that my presence is absolutely necessary in the
[Vol. II.] 11 ■
county where I reside, on Tuesday next, to hold a court
there.
I have the honour to be, sir, with the highest respect,
Your most obedt. and humble servant,
WM. DUER.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston. Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
New-York, June 2, 1775.
Gentlemen — As I embarked very early in the cause of
liberty, and have ever defended the rights of America by
every means in my power, so I am still actuated, both by
principle and inclination, to exert myself to the utmost of
my abilities, in preserving the freedom of my country ;
and as it is highly probable that troops will soon be raised
in this Colony, I take the liberty to tender you my best
services. Should you think me worthy your confidence, I
flatter myself that my future conduct will evince it has not
been placed on an improper object. At the same time, I
must beg leave to observe, that I should incline to serve in
the artillery department, having made that branch of mili-
tary science more particulary my study,
I am, with the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most humb, servt.
JOHN LAMB,
To the Honble. Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New- York. *
Albany Committee Chamber,?
2d June, 1775. 5
Gent, — In consequence of a letter from this committee
to Govr. Trumbull, dated 27th ult. we received his answer
of the 30th, whereof you have a copy enclosed, and from
which it appears that you have sent them a resolve, with
a request to send up forces to Ticonderoga, &c. in conse-
quence whereof, one thousand of them are now on their
way. You will therefore be pleased to send up with all
possible despatch, a sufficient supply of provisions (ex-
cept flour, peas and bread, which we can supply them
with) and other necessaries, for which purpose we send
you enclosed a copy of a list from Col. Arnold's letter to
to us, of the 29th ult.
We have, in the alarm above, raised several companies
to go up to Ticonderoga, &c, two of which are on their
way up. This we did in consequence, first, of the reso-
lution of the Continental Congress of the 10th ult, ; second-
ly, of the letter from the New-York committee enclosing
said resolve dated 20th ult.; and thirdly, Col. Arnold's let-
ter to us requiring immediate assistance ; but on our re-
ceipt of the above letter from Govr. Trumbull, we are in
great doubts with respect to our men already raised in this
county, and those who stand ready to march up. As we
know not the nature of the resolve you have sent to Govr,
Trumbull, and his letter contains a clause that these one
thousand forces are to continue at Ticonderoga, &c. until
relieved by troops from this Colony, &c. We should be
extremely glad to have plain explicit instructions from
time to time, that we need not wander astray and act
counter to your intentions and the general good of the
public.
There are some troops (twelve in number) taken by the
Provincial forces from St, Johns, who are now in this city,
and who daily call upon the committee for the common ne-
cessaries of life ; but can give the commissioners or agents
no directions in the premises, as their instructions from
you will not warrant them to supply them with provisions
although they have hitherto been supplied out of the Pro-
vincial store ; but we would be glad of your resolution on
this matter, and let us know whether we should supply
42
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS'&c.
these troops any longer, or leave them to be supported from
the provisions here in the King's store ; and upon the whole
what you would have us do with thenn, as they are only a
burden to us. Please to take these matters into your un-
mediate consideration and send us your resolution in con-
sequence thereof, and you will obhge gent.
Your most hum. servts.
By order of the committee,
SAML. STRINGER, Chairman pro tern.
To Peter V. B. Livingston*, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress.
In Provincial Congress, )
Nev>-York, May 29, 1775. \
Gentlemen — You will see by the enclosed resolution of
tliis Congress, that it is recommended to such of the coun-
ties as have not already formed committees, to do it with-
out delay ; and that such of the inhabitants of this Colony,
as have hitherto neglected to subscribe to the general asso-
ciation, do it, so as to enable you to make a return within
the lime limited in the resolution.
As the execution of this resolve is committed to your
care, we request you to use your best endeavours to see
that this recommendation be complied with. It may never-
theless be proper to inform you, that it is the sense of
the Congress, tiiat no coercive steps ought to be used, to
induce any person to sign the association. The propriety
of the measure, the example of the other counties, and the
necessity of maintaining a perfect union in every part of
this Colony, it is presumed are sufficient reasons to induce
the inhabitants of your county to comply with this requi-
sition.
Bv order.
P. V. B. LIVINGSTON, President.
In Provincial Congress. )
New-York, May 29, 1775. $
Resolved, That it be recommended, and it is hereby ac-
cordingly recommended, to all the counties in this Colony,
(who have not already done it,) to appoint county commit-
tees and also sub-committees for their respective townships,
precincts and districts, without delay, in order to carry into
execution the resolutions of the Continental and this Pro-
vincial Congress ; and that it is also recommended to every
inhabitant of this Colony, who has hitherto neglected to
subscribe the general association, to do it with all conve-
nient speed. And for these purposes, that the committees
in the respective counties in which committees have been
formed, do tender the said association to every inhabitant
within the several districts in each county ; and that such
persons in those counties or districts, who have not ap-
pointed committees, as shall be appointed by the members
of this Congress, representing such counties and districts
respectively, do make such tender as aforesaid, in such
counties and districts respectively. And that the said com-
mittees and persons respectively, do return the said asso-
ciation, and the names of those who shall neglect or refuse
to sign the same, to this Congress, by the fifteenth day of
July next, or sooner if possible.
Albamt Committee Chamber, )
26th May, 1775. J
Gentlemen — We have received a letter from the New-
York committee of the 20th inst. enclosing the resolution
of the Continental Congress of the 18th instant.
W^e have likewise received some material information
from the north and westward, which we shall now lay be-
fore you. And first, respecting our western intelligence,
we are so much crowded with business and despatches
from different quarters, that we can not so copiously en-
large on every different subject as we could wish. We
shall therefore only state the necessary facts to you, inter-
spersed with such remarks as we conceive of consequence.
The first of our intelligence from the west, was that the
Indians were exceedingly uneasy, and more of them daily
coming in to Col. Johnson's place, at Guy Park ; occa-
sioned, as lie alleges, by reason of a report in his neigh-
bourhood, that the New-England people, with some others,
intended seizing and taking him captive to New-England,
and by this means extinguish the Indian council fire ; and
that this was to be done in consequence of another report,
that Col. Johnson was setting up the Indians to destroy
the inhabitants, &c.
Next, we received a letter wrote by four of the Mo-
hawks to the Oneydas, whereof we enclose you a copy,
translated from the Mohawk into English, No. 2.
Next, we received a letter from the committee of Pala-
tine district, inTryon county, whereof we enclose youacopy
No. 3, our answer to which you have enclosed. No. 3, A.
Next, five persons from Tryon county were here, who
made oath of their being stopped on the road, at Col.
Johnson's on the 17lh inst. We enclose copy of the affi-
davit. No. 4.
On the same day we also received, from the committee
of Schenectady, a copy of Col. Johnson's letter to them,
dated the 18th, which you have enclosed. No. 5, and to
which the Schenectady committee wrote him an answer,
whereof we have no copy.
Next, we received a copy of a letter from Col. Johnson
to the magistrates and others of Palatine, Canajoharry and
the upper districts, dated 20th inst. which you have enclos-
ed. No. 6, and of the answer to which we have no copy.
Next, we received a copy of another letter from Col.
Johnson, without a date, directed to the magistrates, &c.
of Schenectady, and the mayor and corporation, &cc. of
Albany, which you have enclosed. No. 7 ; whereupon we
wrote him a letter, dated 23d inst. a copy whereof you
have enclosed. No. 8, and one to the same effect was wrote
to him, on the same snbject, by the corporation here.
Next, we received a copy of the speech of the Mohawks,
interpreted by the Rev. Mr. Kirkland, 20th inst. whereof
you have a copy enclosed. No. 9, whereto we wrote an an-
swer, dated 23d instant, and appointed two persons of our
committee, to wit, Gilbert Marselis and Peter Schuyler,
to go to the Mohawks, with Mr. Martin Lydias as an in-
terpreter ; enclosed you have a copy thereof, No. 10.
Next, we received a reply from the Mohawks to our an-
swer, dated 25th, a copy whereof you have enclosed. No.
11, wherein is contained the reply of the Indians, and the
sub-committee's answer thereto.
We shall now proceed to communicate our northern in-
telligence, the substance of which you will fully collect
from Col. Arnold's letter to us, dated 22nd instant, where-
of we enclose you a copy, No. 12.
2. Col. Arnold's letter to Capt. Noah Lee, dated 23rd
inst. whereof we enclose you a copy, No. 13.
3. We yesterday received the Quebec mail, opened and
sent to us by some of our people from above, and such
letters as were already open, were inspected by two of our
members, who made an extract of such passages in them
as respected their public commotions ; copy of which ex-
tract we enclose you. No. 14.
We now shall take notice of the New- York committee's
letter to us of the 20th inst. enclosing the resolutions of the
Continental Congress ; from which we find that the reduc-
tion of Ticonderoga, by our forces, is approved of, and
recommending us to proceed, with all possible despatch,
with a sufficient body of forces, &c. to the northward, to
remove the cannon and stores from Ticonderoga to the
south end of Lake George. We are now busy to raise
two companies, each company composed of fifty men, in
order to go up on said expedition ; who we expect will
be in readiness to march in two or three days. But, gen-
tlemen, there are a number of very material difficulties
that immediately arise : we have no ammunition ; all the
powder already gone up, with what we can possibly col-
lect yet among us, will not amount to above 250 pounds ;
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
43
and, with so small a quantity, it is impossible for us to do
any thing of consequence.
Nor can we possibly conceive how the Provincial forces
can maintain these northern posts oi withstand the attack
of the British troops from Quebec, who are, from the best
intelligence we can collect, preparing as fast as possible to
come down in order to retake those places from us — an en-
terprise, if by them undertaken and completed, will intro-
duce our enemies into the very bowels of our country. We
beg of you, gentlemen, without delay, to lake these impor-
tant matters into your most serious and immediate considera-
tion, and afford us the necessary assistance in this our dis-
tressed situation ; and send us up, with all possible speed,
a sufficient quantity of powder, without which nothing can
possibly be done. We likewise stand in need of blankets,
pitch, tar, oakum, nails, spikes, gin, ropes, camp kettles,
entrenching tools, &c. and some rice, oatmeal, barley, &c.;
also, for the sloop and schooner, two mates, tvpo gunner's
mates, two boatswains, and eighteen seamen, agreeably to
Col. Arnold's list, copy enclosed. No. 15, all which you'll
be pleased to cause to be sent up to us with all possible
despatch.
We would beg of you likewise to take into consideration
some mode or plan for raising and paying our forces. The
one which we have adopted here, pro hac vice, until you
conclude upon a better one, we enclose you a copy of.
No. 16.
We would mention another matter to you which, in our
humble opinion, requires your immediate consideration,
that as the vessel from St. Johns has lately been taken by
our forces, and whereof the Continental Congress have
had no intelligence on the 18th instant, when they entered
into the resolution respecting Ticonderoga and removing
the stores and cannon from thence to Lake George, whe-
ther it would not be expedient to fortify the latter instead
of the former, as Ticonderoga is by far the strongest and
most important fortress.
We beg the favour of you, that you will immediately
after the perusal of this our letter and the papers herewith
sent, be pleased to forward the same to the Continental
Congress by the most speedy and eligible mode of con-
veyance.
We are, gent, your obedt. servts.
By order of the committee.
SAM. STRINGER, Chairman pro tern.
[Copies of letters from General Schuyler at Ticonderoga.]
Ticonderoga, July 2Sth, 1775.
Sir — I am happy to enclose you copies of two papers,
that corroborate the accounts we have had of the friendly
sentiments of the Indians. Every instruction I have given
to people who were likely to fall in with any of them, en-
joins an attention to that capital point.
Your favour of the 21st instant, enclosing a resolution of
Congress of the preceding day is duly come to hand. My
last letters will evince that I keep in view the object which
was the subject of your orders of the 27th ultimo, and
which I hope, notwithstanding the difficulties I have to
struggle with, to carry into the wished for execution.
The fourth paragraph of the letter from the committee
of Albany may need an explanation. On my arrival at
Albany, 1 found that a great number of the gentlemen who
had warrants sent them from the New-York Congress, to
entitle them to commissions in the troops to be raised, re-
fused to accept of them. I therefore advised that the Albany
committee should endorse on those warrants the refusal,
and nominate such other gentlemen as they thought proper
which I hoped would be satisfactory to the New- York
Congress, as ultimately the officers must be recommended
by the Deputies from Albany.
It would tend to facilitate matters and promote the ser-
vice if some honourable mention was made of the Albany
committee in the instructions to the commissioners ot
Indian affairs. I mention this merely on account of their
assiduity to promote the public weal.
The troops here begin to be sickly, occasioned by their
being crowded too close in barracks. I wish their tents
were come up.
I am, sir, most respectfully,
Your obedient and very humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
P. S. — I have taken the liberty to desire some of the
Caghnawaga Indians to meet me at this place.
Thomson's, mentioned in the speech sent me by the
Albany committee, is about thirty miles below where Fort
Stanwix was erected.
The Honourable John Hancock, &c. &c.
Ticonderoga, July 31st, 1775.
Sir — Yesterday the enclosed letter and papers were
dehvered me. The warrants for the captains and lieute-
nants to enlist the men have not yet been sent up, but that
no delay might thereby be occasioned, I have directed
them to proceed to make the levies, and have given them
assurance that they should have the commissions. A
controversy has arisen between Allen and Warner ; the
former you will perceive has been left out altogether by
the Green Mountain Boys. What the consequence will
be I cannot pretend to say.
I have a boat on stocks sixty feet in length, which I hope
to finish by this day week, I suppose she will carry be-
tween two and three hundred men ; another of the same
size, is to be put up to-day, so that I hope soon to have
vessels enough to move on. If any more powder can be
got, I hope it will be sent, as not above a ton will be left,
if so much, when the troops are completed to a pound a
man.
Enclose you copies of two letters, one from Commissary
Phelps, and the other from Commissary Strong. The for-
mer, Mr. Livingston acquaints me, refuses to resign the
department into his hands. I have sent orders to him re-
quiring his compliance ; I doubt whether they will be
obeyed. If not, it is more than probable that the service
will essentially suffer.
I have written to Mr. Strong that Mr. Livingston will
take the pork, flour and cattle he mentions : his letter is
not the most decent, and as such I have treated it, in my
answer to him.
As I did not wish that Mr. Livingston should dismiss
any person that had been employed by the Colony of Con-
necticut, I wrote him (as soon as I was informed of his
appointment. "Mr, Phelps must continue in employment,
and I think you had best send him to Fort George to take
charge of your branch there."
I should not have troubled you with these, letters but
that you may from them see the necessity of some general
resolution of Congress to cure all this jarring.
I am, sir, most respectfully.
Your honours most obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Honorable John Hancock, Esq. &c. &c.
Ticonderoga, August 2d, 1775.
Sir — Since my last I have received the intelligence
contained in the enclosed affidavits ; it is of such a nature,
that I think it my indispensable duty to send this by
express, that you may judge of the propriety of my mak-
ing the attempt, you have positively ordered me, in the
resolution of the 27th June and 3d July, and for which I
am preparing with unremitting diligence. I do most ear-
nestly entreat that more powder may be sent me, for I
find that I shall not have quite a ton when the troops are
completed to a round a man, which is not sufficient for a
body of troops that must necessarily open batteries.
This place is in the most defenceless condition : perhaps
it might be proper to send a small committee to examine
the country an report whether this or any other place
ought to be fortified ifi case it should become necessary.
44 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
Capt. Smith who has been sent up by the New York
Congress, in heu of the former captain who left the sloop,
arrived a few daj's ago, and has made me a report of what
alterations will be necessary to put her into a proper slate
of defence ; but as I have no carpenters to spare unless I quit
building boats, I have declined it for the present; on
which he delivered me a paper of which the enclosed is a
copy.
If Congress should think it necessary to build vessels
of equal or superior force to those building at St. Johns, a
number of good ship caapentcrs should be immediately
sent up ; although this year they would be of no service,
but that of transporting troops, even if we had them now,
on account of the want of powder.
I am, &c.
Little Britain, August i9th, 1775.
Gentlemen — I thought I would have been obliged to
return to New-York when I left it, before I proceeded to
Albany, in order to collect my regiment from the different
counties in this Province ; but as 1 see by a resolve of the
Congress, the three companies on Long island belonging
to my regiment are excepted from marching with the rest
of our regiments, I think I have no occasion to go down ;
therefore, I intend to set off for Albany with the seven
companies belonging to my regiment, next Monday ; at
which time I have reason to think they will be nearly sup-
plied with arms, and if we should be deficient I suppose we
can receive some from New-York or Albany.
I hope you will inquire if the commissary have sent
up every thing belonging to my regiment to Albany, that we
may not be delayed there, for we cannot march without
tents and blankets ; we want axes, tomahawks, &c. I be-
lieve I could have bought blankets enough for a company
from the country merchants if I had orders; and I believe
I must buy near thirty to bring us to Albany, for fear they
should not be sent there before we get up.
I am, gentlemen, your most humble servant,
JAMES CLINTON.
To the Honoble. Peter V. B. Livingston,
President of the Provincial Congress in New-York.
Poughkeepsie,^ugt. 21st, 1775.
Sir — I am desired by Colo. Clinton to inform the Hon.
the Provincial Congress, that drums are wanting for the
respective companies that compose his regiment. He also
desired me to mention our medicine chest — suppose, how-
ever, we shall find that and the drums at Albany,
With respect to Doct. Samuel Cooke, the gentleman
nominated surgeon to our regiment, I am authorized to
inform you, sir, that he attended several days in New-York
for his examinaton, but at length by one contingency or
other came away without it. He at first applied to Doctr.
Jones, who would not examine him unless Doctr. Bard
(who is out of town) was present. The matter was stated
to the Congress, who ordered that one of the members
should wait on Doctr. Jones and inform him that an ex-
amination by him alone would satisfy them ; Doctr. Jones
however declined. After Doctr. Bard's return, there was
a day appointed for the business, but that day both Doctrs.
Jones and Bard were called to Long island ; Doctr. Cooke
being very unwell at the time, could stay no longer, having
attended several days to no purpose. Those officers and
soldiers who are acquainted with Doctr. Cooke and his
practice, and good success both as a physician and surgeon,
are very desirous to have his appointment confirmed ; and
as we expect to march in two or three days, are exceeding-
ly anxious that he may be acquainted with it and follow us
as soon as possible.
1 am, sir, yr. obt. hum. servt.
HENRY LIVINGSTON, Junr.
To the Honoble. Peter V. B. Livingston,
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &cc,
[A letter from P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr. informing that he is unable
to attend, and praying that another Treasurer be appointed. J
^uguit 2Hth, 1775.
(tentlemen — It gives me great anxiety that I can not
attend your deliberations at this critical juncture ; such is
my present indisposition, that I am unable to attend to any
business whatever.
With a continual slow fever, a reluctance to food and a
constant vigilance or want of sleep, I find myself reduced
to the necessity of taking some measures to preserve
life.
I have yet a large sum of the Continental money, which
I received by your order. I earnestly entreat you to ap-
point some gentleman your Treasurer, to receive it of me,
and to direct him to call on me this morning for the
money.
Be assured, gentlemen, it will give me very great plea-
sure to return to Congress as soon as I am able to attend.
I am respectfully, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servt.
P. V. B. LIVINGSTON.
To the gentleoien of the Provincial
Congress, New-York.
NewYork. 28ch August, 1775.
Gentlemen — I last Saturday evening received an order
from your Board, respecting the pay of the artillery com-
pany under my command ; by which order I observe you
have made an entire new arrangement in regard to the said
company, by making it an additional company, to be con-
sidered a9 part of Col. McDougall's regiment, and subject
to his commands. As the artillery in every service are
always considered as a distinct corps, and never as part of
any particular regiment ; and as I engaged in the service
of my country purely from a principle of serving it, (di-
vested of every sinister motive,) I conceive myself to be
degraded by this new arrangement, and deprived of that
rank which a captain of artillery is known to hold in every
country. I am therefore constrained, in honour, to de-
cline a service in which I must continually suffer the
greatest mortification and chagrin. At the same time, I
can not doubt but you will make some provision to com-
pensate for the trouble and expense which I have necessa-
rily been put to in raising the company.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most hum. servt.
JOHN LAMB.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
Nexu-York, July 28th, 1775.
Gent. — Enclosed are two accounts giving the cost of
tents ; the one shows the amount of those made out of
ravens duck, the other, of English ; the difference you
will find to be £237 on 350 soldiers' tents ; what tents are
now making will cost you 23s. each, more than the first,
because it is English duck. I should be glad to have the
directions of the Congress, which of the two accounts I
must deliver to Genl. Wooster, and whether I must re-
quest him to order cash or pork for the payment ; the lat-
ter is much wanting, there being net 100 barrels for sale
in town.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. Tents ready made 112 ; I have purchased all the
English duck in town, fit for tents, and it will make no
more than 175. Our 4 battalions will want 460 soldiers'
tents, and we will have but 287 to cover them, if we give
those sent to Albany to the Connecticut troops.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
45
[Letter from Commissary Curtenius.]
July 3d, 1775.
Gent. — I have made an inquiry about the articles the
Congress gave me an order for, and find that I can get
coarse cloth of different colours like the patterns, for two
battalions, at 75. 6d. to 8s. per yard, and a few of them
from lis. to 13s. per yard, which last will do for sergeant's
coats ; if you think the colours differ too much, they can
be dyed a dark brown, at Is. 6d. per yard. Mr. Jay, one
of your members, can inform you whether it is too much.
As to blue cloth, I can get enough for two battalions more,
that is, if the Congress will permit Robt. and John Mur-
ray to take 15 or 16 pieces blue strands out of their store
at Elizabeth Town.
Muskets that are good, I find very scarce ; not fifty
ready made that are good for any thing. I might get about
one hundred made in a month, at 80s. or 82s. each.
Ravens duck, none to be had as yet ; but I can get
about 70 pieces drilling at 2s. 4d. per yard, which is 8d.
per yard higher than I gave for duck, and 10 pieces Rus-
sia sheeting very stout, at £5 10s. per piece, which is
about 3s. per yard ; but then it is a quarter of a yard wider
than duck or drilling.
Canteens, I can get ready made, about 2500 of Mr.
Levy, at Is. each ; but I would not venture to buy them
as they are something tarnished, until the sub-committee
views them first. New ones will cost Is. 6d. apiece.
English spades, none to be had. Socket spades can be
made by our blacksmiths, which are better than English
ones.
Lead in bars, none to be had. Shot I can get at 44s.
per cwt. but I can get bullets cast to any size that shall
be wanted, at 50s. per cwt. which is cheaper than shot, at
44s. because it wastes 141b. per cwt.
Flints, cartouch paper, gun worms, screw drivers, camp
kettles, haversacks, hatchets, felling axes and pick axes,
I can get the whole quantity.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. The owners of the cloth would be glad to have
the matter about the cloth determined soon, because they
can sell it to others.
The officers of our battalion will want some officers'
tents soon : whether any of the duck now on had must be
made up for officers or whether I must get drilling or Rus-
sia sheeting. Many of the officers have been for ribbands
to make cockades for the men, but I refused to let them
have any until I had orders.
Claremont, June 26th, 1775.
Sir — I beg leave by your means to inform the gentle-
men of the Provincial Congress, that yesterday I received
their favour of the 22d instant ; that my powder maker
who has brought with him from Philadelphia 180 bbls. of
saltpetre, will begin to work it up on Thursday.
The mill consists of four mortars and twelve pounders,
and is well supplied with water.
I shall punctually comply with the resolutions of the
Continental Congress transmitted to me, and will commu-
nicate them to my powder maker who has half the profits
of this business.
I remain, with the greatest respect to the gentlemen of
the Provincial Congress,
Their most humble servant,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esquire,
President of the P. Congress.
New-York, 30th June, 1775.
As there is no appointment of a second lieutenant in the
arrangement of the artillery company proposed to be under
my command, I take the liberty to recommend the bearer,
[Vol. II.] 12
Martin Johnson, as a proper person to be appointed to the
station. Captain McDougall will shew you the arrange-
ment for the artillery company, which lately went from
Rhode Island to the Massachusetts Bay, from which you
will see the propriety of such an appointment. It will
likewise be proper to appoint a lieutenant fireworker, but
I do not at present know a proper person to recommend.
I am, with the gieatest respect,
Sir, your most humb. servt.
JOHN LAMB.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Present.
[Information of Capt. Thomson (who arrrived June 13th, from Cork,)
respecting the embarkation of the troops from Ireland.]
Capt. Thompson arrived at New-York Tuesday, 13th
June, 1775. Left Cove, in Ireland, 6th May last, and in-
formed that six regiments had sailed in 24 transports for
Boston, one regiment of horse included ; they sailed 30th
April. Three regiments were embarked and the fourth
embarking to sail for New-York the first fair wind ; the
regiments all full, 700 men each, filled by drafts from the
regiments that remain ; their places filled by new recruits.
The general report was that those four regiments were
coming to New-York, and that some captains and other
officers belonging to the troops, told Capt. Thomson, in
person, that they were coming to New-York.
One regiment arrived at Cork, from Kilkenny, the day
Capt. Thompson sailed, which was the last regiment to
embark for New- York. Saw 12 large transports destined
for New-York, he heard 16 ; one general officer to come
to New- York.
The troops coming to New-York are to support people's
property and assist against mobs. The report in Ireland
was, that those troops had been wrote for by persons here.
The troops in general disliked the service ; some officers
had sold out ; no ships of war coming with the transports ;
a report in Ireland that nine new regiments were to be
raised ; heard that 30,000 Russians were ready at a mi-
nute's warning ; that the people of Ireland, in general, are
well affected to the Americans, and are averse to the Ame-
ricans being taxed by the Parliament of Great Britain.
Capt. Mcllvaine sailed before Capt. Thompson, for Phi-
ladelphia ; has the number of the regiments coming to
America.
[Letter from R. Boyd, Jr. on the subject of making gun barrels, &c.]
To tlie Honourable Provincial Congress for the Colony of New- York,
now convened in the city of New-York.
Gentlemen — In consequence of a resolve of this Ho-
nourable Convention, passed the 6th inst. Mr. Henry Wat-
keys hath waited on me for the purpose of fixing a plan for
making muskets, bayonets, &c. agreeable to said resolve ;
and after mature deliberation on the subject, I find that the
expense of manufacturing a gun barrel, bayonet and steel
rammer, (which are the parts Mr. Watkeys would assign
me,) will amount to 32s. currency. This, I think, will be
the extent, but dare not fix it lower previous to making
trial. Gentlemen, it would give me particular pleasure to
have a manufactory of this kind established in tiiis Pro-
vince ; and believe me, if you shall be pleased to appoint
me as one to bear a part in the execution thereof, I'll exert
my utmost skill in endeavouring to give satisfaction both
respecting price and quality ; but must remind you, gen-
tlemen, that in order to facililate the business, it will be
necessary to fix machinery and provide a number of tools
not necessary in other business, the expense of which will
amount to about one hundred pounds. This sum will be
requisite previous to the undertaking, and if a contract can
be obtained for one thousand barrels, &c. the money ad-
vanced shall be discounted on the first payment. If, on
the contrary, it shall be judged, by this Honourable Con-
46
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
gress) inexpedient to prosecute the plan proposed, the sunn
advanced must be considered as sunk.
I am, gentle, with due esteem,
Your most obedt. iiumble servant,
ROBT. BOYD, Jnnr.
New-Windsor, lOlh June, 1775.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
President of tlie Provincial Congress, New-York.
Elizabeth Town, June 8, 1775
Sir — You have now sent you six quarter caslis and two
half barrels of powder. The quarter cask I got at New-
Brunswick, and the two half barrels, containing 105lbs. I
got at Woodbridgc ; for each of which I gave receipts that
I received them to be forwarded to the Provincial camp,
near Boston, agreeably to a requisition from them. There
was no more to be obtained. They had sold the most of
their stores to tlie inhabitants. You'll be so kind as to send
a receipt of the same tenor of those I gave, that I may
show them the stores are forwarded agreeably to my pro-
mise.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
ABRA. CLARK.
To Peter V. 13. Livingston, Esqr. New- York.
[Copy of Colo. Arnold's estimate of stores, &c. necessary to be sent to
Ticonderoga.]
MEMORANDUM OF MEN, &c. WANTED FOR THE ENSUING
SUMMER, viz :
1200 Men, including B. Arnold s regiment of 400 men.
100 Men of the train of artillery.
10 Caulkers.
25 Ship carpenters.
2 Gunsmiths.
2 Surgeons and his mate.
20 Men for ten teams.
1359 Total.
20 .Masons and blacksmiths.
25 House carpenters. The latter may doubtless be found among the
privates who enlist, e-vcept the master workman.
100 Tents with proper equippage.
600 Hatchets.
100 Narrow axes.
.50 Broad do.
50 Pickaxes.
200 Spades.
200 Wooden shovels, shod.
50 Hoes.
100 Camp kettles.
200 Wooden canteens.
Arms, blankets, &c. for the men.
I observe the committee of New- York intend forwarding a number of
articles, for which reason I have omitted them.
(Signed) BENEDT. ARNOLD,
Col. and Commander at Ticonderoga, SfC.
May 29, 1775.
Sundry necessaries for transporting the cannon over Lake George,
vizt :
To be built on Lake George, 2 flat bottom boats, 40 feet long, 12
wide and four deep with strong knees, well timbered, and of 4 inch oak
plank.
N. B. These may be built at Sparden's, where there is timber and a
saw mill handy.
1 do. of same size and construction, to go between Ticonderoga and
the landing, on Lake Champlain.
4 Gins, the triangles 15 feet long. The wood may be procured here.
8 Falls for the gins of 3| inch white rope made of the best hemp.
1 Coil 2.^ inch rope. ^
1 do. 2 do. > 100 fathoms each.
1 do. U do. )
4 Pieces raven duck.
10 Barrels pitch, 4 barrels tar, 5 cwt. oakum.
40 Lbs. sewing twine.
10 Doz. sail and roll rope needles.
1 Doz. palms.
3 Seines 30 fathoms long, cap 12 feet and arms 6 feet deep, made of
large twine ; the meshes 14 inches wide, which will probably
supply the army with fish, as they are very plenty and good.
1 Barrel 20d. nails.
2 do. lOd. do.
1 do. 4d. do.
2 Doz. naU hammers, with other necessary tools for the house and
ship carpenters.
N. B. Iron may be supplied from Skenesborough ; steel will be
wanted,
4 Pair strong wheels wanted between Lake George and Champlain,
that will carry three tons weight.
4 Pair strong wheels at Fort George.
N. D. Common cast wheels will answer (if good,) for most of the
small cannon. There will probably be wanted at P'orl George,
ten good teams of 4 yoke of oxen each, to bring up provisions,
&c. and take such cani.on and mortars to Albany, as may be
wanted by our army at New-York, or Cambridge.
8 Yoke of good oxen will he wanted at Ticonderoga. These may
probably be procured in the neighbourhood, of which Colo.
Webb may inform himself
BENEDT. ARNOLD,
Colo, and Commander at Tieonderoea, &c.
May 29, 1775.
Friday Morning, 10 o'clock.
Sill — Having been just now informed that my case has
been referred to the judgment of the gentlemen of the Pro-
vincial Congress of this city, and that it may probably be
considered by them this morning, I have employed the
little time allowed me to copy and enclose the letter from
the gentlemen of the New- York committee, and my own
address to the Delegates in the Continental Congress, and
added a newspaper in which is inserted my address to the
public, that the gentlemen of the very respectable Board,
over which you have the honour to preside, may be ac-
quainted with the whole proceedings in the matter.
Your countenance of my suit and your friendly media-
tion on this occasion will everlastingly oblige.
Sir, your most obedient servt.
JAMES RIVINGTON.
To the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Dated Montreal, \st May, 1775.
Extract of a letter from Lieut. George Cupbaidge of the
26th regiment, to Mr. Cupbaidge, at Bellville in Ireland :
" I am apt to think our regiment will be sent very soon
to serve against the rebellious New-Englanders,"
E.xtract of a letter from Randle Murdith, dated Mont-
real, 2d May, 1775, to Mr. John Rowe, merchant, in Bos-
ton :
" I am very sorry to find the government intend to put
their detestable measures in execution : God only knows
the event. I feel for your situation, but yet have some
faint hopes a plan of reconciliation may be adopted before
blood is spilt. The English in this country are in a deplo-
rable situation, being deprived of all their liberties and pri-
vileges, and are afraid to speak or act relative to public
affairs. Our brethren below must pity us, and our only
hopes are, that if Providence ordains that they succeed in
their just demands, they will then exert themselves to ob-
tain redress for us ; our wills being good, but dare not act,
being few in number, and our little attempts have been
treated with disdain by the tools of power at home."
In an anonymous letter to Mr. Gomus, at Boston, dated
Caldwell PI ace, 26tli April, 1775, there is a passage that
the governor's commission was read on Monday, and that
he has power to raise a Canadian regiment and send it
where he pleases.
Extract of a letter, dated Quebec, April 27th 1775, from
John McCord to Lieut. James Pattegrees, of the 10th re-
giment :
" We are impatient for the packet; there is rumours here
of bad news. Have heavy fears for our friends at Boston,
on both sides the question. I pray God to grant peace on
almost any terms. The blood of British subjects is very
precious. Would gladly hope a method will still be found
out to prevent the spilling of any."
Crown Point, 28th May, 1775.
Captn. Noah Lee,
Sir — I am this moment advised by one of Colo. Allen's
party who was taken prisoner and made his escape from
St. Johns the 18th inst., that there was then arrived at
that place four hundred regulars and more expected, be-
sides Indians, who were repairing the boats with a design
to cross the Lake, and if possible to retake Crown Point and
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
47
Ticonderoga. It is my hearty desire that every man with-
in fifty miles of Sivenesborough, who can be of service,
would immediately repair to Ticonderoga or Crown-Point,
and bring all the powder that can be found, and as many
spades, pickaxes and hoes as they have. Let this letter
be forwarded down the country, that they may send up
provisions to supply the families of the upper town who are
obliged to come forward this way, let them bring all the
good arms they have.
BENEDICT ARNOLD,
Commander-in- Chief.
P. S. We have only one hundred and fifty men here
and at Ticonderoga. B. A.
A true copy of an authenticated 'copy.
By order of the Committee.
[Answer of the Mohawks to the speech of the magistrates, &c. of
Albany and Schenectady.]
Guy Park, 25th May 1775.
Present — Colo. Johnson, Superintend't, Colo. Danl. Claus, WiU. Al-
len, Esq. of Philadelphia, with several other gentlemen.
Gysbert Marselis, Peter P. Schuyler, John Visger, John Roseboom,
Chrisr. Yates, of the Committee.
Abraham, Chief of the Mohawks, Speaker.
Brothers — We are glad to meet you here at our fire-
place, where we meet to transact business. You are our
old friends, and we heard you come now to answer our
speech. We have attended to your answer, and now ac-
quaint you that the reports we had, rendered it necessary to
send you such a speech, to prevent the dangerous conse-
quences that might ensue.
We are extremely glad to hear your speech, which is very
peaceable and it gives us pleasure, because we would not
willingly have a quarrel with people with whom we have
been so long at peace, and this must have happened if the
news we heard had been true. For we have but one head,
and that is Col. Johnson our superintendent. We heard
that there were designs against him, and we must protect
him. We cannot do without him, so that if there are no
designs against him, we shall be easy in our minds. For
though we have long heard of disputes between the En-
glish and the people here, we do not think proper to in-
terfere.
You all know that during Sir William Johnson's life-
lime and since, we have been peaceably disposed ; but
we were greatly alarmed at the report of a design against
Col. Johnson, for he is our property and we shall not part
with him. We desire you will hearken to us, and that
you will believe we speak our minds. We likewise hope
you are sincere. But one thing alarms us much, and we
hope it is not true : there was a report that you have
stopped some powder. You know we get this and other
things from our superintendent, and we are hunters and
must have powder. If we lived as you do, it would not
have been so great a loss ; but we must have ammunition ,
and if it is stopped we shall have reason to doubt your
sincerity, and to suspect that you do not regard us or our
words. We have both given fair assurances and hope no
doubt remains between us, otherwise it might be bad.
We are pleased to hear you say that you arc willing to
communicate freely with us. This we like and this is the
place where we do business. We will at all times listen to
whoever you send here in the presence of our superinten-
dent. This is the truth, brothers, and agreeable to the
customs of our ancestors, which we shall follow.
[The gentlemen of the Committee, after retiring some little time, re-
turned and gave the following answer :]
Brothers — We are very glad to hear you speak and hear
you confirm the old friendship of our forefathers, which we
intend to abide by and thank you for the same.
Brothers — The reports you have heard of in regard to
the powder, we also hope to be false, and assure you that
we shall acquaint on our return our old and wise men about
the same, and do our endeavour to prevent any such things
for the future. And you may depend upon it, that whenever
we have any business with you, that we shall apply here at
your council fire, where we hope to meet you in the pre-
sence of your superintendent, and that we shall always keep
the communication free and open as is usual.
[To which the Mohawks answered.]
Brothers — We are glad both our speeches are so agree-
able, and hope that you are not surprised to hear us say we
cannot spare Col. Johnson ; for besides his being our
superintendent, the love we have for the memory of Sir
William Johnson and the obligations the whole Six Nations
are under to him, must make us regard and protect every
branch of his family, whom we include in our speech.
We now find there have been several false reports on
both sides. We hope that concerning the powder is one
of them. We shall, therefore, explain the same truly to the
rest of our confederacy ; and we expect that you will on your
part explain the truth immediately to all the white people
east and west, as we mean to do the same among the In-
dians.
[A speech of the Mohawks to the Magistrates and Committee of the
town of Schenectada, and Mayor, Corporation and Committee of the
city of Albany, &c. delivered by Little Abraham.]
Brothers — Our present situation is very disagreeable
and alarming, what we never expected ; therefore desire
to know what is designed by the reports that are spread
amongst us. We hear that companies and troops are
coming from one quarter to another to molest us ; particu-
larly, that a large body are hourly expected from New-
England to apprehend and take away by violence our su-
perintendent and extinguish our council fire, for what rea-
son we know not.
Brothers — We desire you would inform us if you know
of any such design on foot, whether by the New-England
people or in your vicinity, and not deceive us in this mat-
ter, for the consequence will be important and extensive.
Brothers — We shall support and defend our superin-
tendent, and not see our council fire extinguished. We
have no inclination or purpose of interfering in the dispute
between Old England and Boston ; the white people may
settle their own quarrels between themselves. We shall
never meddle in those matters, or be the aggressors, if we
are let alone. We have for a long time lived in great
peace with one another, and we wish ever to continue so ;
but should our superintendent be taken from us, we dread
the consequences. The whole confederacy would resent it,
and all their allies ; and as reports now are, we should not
know where to find our enemies ; the innocent might fall
with the guilty. We are so desirous of maintaining peace,
that we are unwilling the Six Nations should know the
bad reports spread amongst us, and threats given out.
Brothers — We desire you will satisfy us as to your
knowledge of the foundation of those reports and what
your news are, and not deceive us in a matter of so much
importance.
(Signed) ABRAHAM, Clnef.
Interpreted by Samuel Kirkland, missionary.
May 20, 1775.
(Signed) Samuel Kirkland, Missy.
[An answer lo a speech of Little Abraham, a Mohawk, to the Magis-
trates and Committee of the town of Schenectady, and Mayor, Cor-
poration and Committee of the city of Albany.]
Brothers — We are sorry that any reports spread
amongst you should alarm you or make you uneasy.
We know of no troops or companies coming from any
quarter to molest you, or to apprehend and take away by
violence your superintendent or extinguish your council
fire. We have not heard, nor do we know, the New-
England people ever intended to molest you or your su-
48
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
perintendent ; nor do we believe it, for they are our friends
and they are your friends, and will do neither of us in-
Brothers — We can not, however, pass over in silence
what probably may have given rise to such reports. We
understand that two persons passing on their own busi-
ness, were detained by your superintendent, they being
New-England men, which is against our laws ; perhaps
this may have occasioned the report.
Brothers — We are extremely well satisfied to learn that
you have no inclination or purpose to interfere in the dis-
pute between Old England and America, for you must not
understand that it is with Boston alone — it is between Old
England and all her Colonies. The people here are op-
pressed by Old England, and she sends over troops among
us to destroy us. This is the reason our people are all in
alarm to defend themselves : they intend no hostilities
against you. Do you continue peaceable, and you need
apprehend no danger ; it is a dispute wherein you have
nothing to do. Do not you disturb any of our people,
and depend upon it, they will leave you in peace.
Brothers — As we have always lived in strict friendship,
so we mean to continue to live in peace, not only with our
brethren the Mohawks, but all the Six Nations ; for which
reason we desire our brethren to give car to no reports
that may prevail. You can at any time satisfy yourselves
more fully if you choose to send down to us one or more
of your nation, any of whom we shall always be glad to
see, to talk with them on these affairs.
23d May, 1775.
Committee Chamber, Albany, 23rf May 1775.
Sir — Several letters have been handed to us, addressed
to the magistrates of Schenectady and the mayor and cor-
poration of Albany, some of which you requested to be
communicated to us : whereby we, with great concern,
observe you are much alarmed with apprehensions of evil
intentions against your family and self in particular, from
a body of New-Englanders, or people from those parts, so
as to put you under the necessity of fortifying yourself for
safety. From what cause those terrible ideas have sprung,
we are entirely ignorant ; if any real ones, you must be
better acquainted with them than we are. However, we do
assure you that the first and last knowledge of such de-
signs have come to us from you, and of course must have
originated some where near you. We are not ignorant of
the importance of your office as superintendent, and have
been perfectly easy with respect to any suspicions of the
Indians taking a part in the present dispute between Great
Britain and her Colonies — knowing them to be a people of
too much sagacity to engage with the whole Continent in
a controversy that they can profit nothing by, and which
would throw them into endless wars and misery. As long
as they are peaceable, they need not be under apprehen-
sions of hostilities commencing against them. We have
been some time ago informed that there was to be a Con-
gress at your house of the Indians; and hope such methods
may be taken then, as will give them a just sense of the
nature of the present disturbances, and that they may go-
vern themselves by such a line of conduct as will appease
the minds of such persons in your county as may be uneasy
on their account. The information we have from time to
time received very lately from travellers passing by your
house, have given us some pain, as we find the communi-
cation betwixt this and your county, in a manner, stopped ;
insomuch that no person is permitted to pass without under-
going a strict examination. These proceedings will, if not
speedily stopped, raise the resentment of the people, we
fear, and cause them to undertake such acts as will not be
in the power of any authority to restrain. We would there-
fore be glad, and permit us to recommend it seriously to
your attention, that you would leave the communication
free, and disperse your guards, and not interfere with the
meetings of the people intended solely to concert measures
for the preservation of their liberties, in conjunction with
the other counties of this and the rest of His Majesty's
Colonies.
To Col. Johnson.
In Congress, May 25, 1775.
Resolved, That a post be immediately taken and forti-
fied at or near King's Bridge, in the Colony of New- York;
that the ground be chosen with a particular view to prevent
the communication between the city of New-York and the
country from being interrupted by land.
2. That a post be also taken in the Highlands on each
side of Hudson's river, and batteries erected in such man-
ner as will most effectually prevent any vessels passing
that may be sent to harrass the inhabitants on the borders
of said river; and that experienced persons be immediately
sent to examine said river, in order to discover where it
will be most advisable and proper to obstruct the navigation.
3. That the militia of New- York be armed and trained,
and in constant readiness to act at a moment's warning ;
and that a number of men be immediately embodied and
kept in that city and so disposed of, as to give protection
to the inhabitants in case any insult should be offered by
the troops that may land there, and to prevent any attempts
that may be made to gain possession of the city and inter-
rupt its intercourse with the country.
4. That it be left to the Provincial Congress of New-
York to determine the number of men suflficient to occupy
the several posts above mentioned, and also that already
recommended to be taken at or near Lake George, as well
as to guard the city, provided the whole do not exceed the
number of three thousand men, to be commanded by such
officers as shall be thereunto appointed by said Provincial
Congress, and to be governed by such rules and regulations
as shall be established by said Congress, until further order
is taken by this Congress: Provided, also, that if the said
Provincial Congress should be of opinion that the number
proposed will not be sufficient for the several services above
recommended, that the said Congress report their senti-
ments upon this subject to this Congress as soon as may be.
5. That it be recommended to the said Provincial Con-
gress, that in raising those forces, they allow no bounties
or clothing, and that their pay shall not exceed the esta-
blishment of the New-England Colonies.
6. That it be further recommended to the Provincial
Congress aforesaid, that the troops be enlisted to serve until
the last day of December next, unless this Congress shall
direct that they be sooner disbanded.
7. That it be recommended to the Congress aforesaid to
persevere the more vigorously in preparing for their de-
fence, as it is very uncertain whether the earnest endea-
vours of this Congress to accommodate the unhappy diffe-
rences between Great Britain and the Colonies by concilia-
tory measures will be successful.
A true copy from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
To the Honourable Provincial Convention, for the
Province of New- York.
May it please your Honours — According to a resolve
of the Honourable Continental Congress, concerning the
appointment of commissaries, &c. His Honour Jonathn.
Trumbull, Governor and Commander-in-Chief, in and over
His Majesty's English Colony of Connecticut, has ap-
pointed me to be commissary for the northern army, and
commissionated me accordingly to receive, at Albany, and
forward the supplies of provisions for the forces at Lake
Champlain, from the Provincial Convention of N. York.
Having arrived at Albany for that purpose, find Mr.
Bleecker, commissary of the store, (by yourselves already
provided,) absent, and no supplies for said troops (as I can
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
49
understand) are in this place, but in Mr. Bleecker's custo-
dy, and Ills deputy refuses to resign said stores to me, as
he has no directions for the san:ie. Therefore it is not in
my power to forward supplies, &c. according to my com-
mission, and the resolve of the Continental Congress. Beg
leave to apply to you for advice in the premises, and, as
the necessity of the case seems to require it, hope for a
speedy answer. As Mr. Strong, acting commissary here-
tofore, has purchased about thirty head of fat cattle for the
use of said troops, and now draws on me for pay ; having
applied to the committee in this place, find no provision
made for that purpose, pray your honours to send money
for the same, or to direct, as you in wisdom shall think
proper.
Interium, am your honrs. humb. servt.
ELISHA PHELPS.
Jllbany,22d June, A. D. 1775.
Albany Committee Chamber, ?
2\st June, 1775. <,
Gent. — Mr. Dirck Swart, a member of this board, who
is just returned from Crown Point, brings us the following
intelligence, that one Mr. Hay who lives about forty miles
up Lake Champlain, came down to Crown Point, who told
Col. Benedict Arnold and others that he had been at Mont-
real for some flour ; that Governor Carleton had him
seized and confined for several days ; that by the interpo-
sition of the English merchants of that place he received
liberty to return home ; and that the merchants who pro-
cured him the pass from the Lieutenant-Governor, desired
him to go down to Crown Point and Ticonderoga with all
speed, and communicate to the commander of those for-
tresses that the French Cachnawaga Indians had taken up
the hatchet, but that they refused to go out upon any scouts
until nine of their men, who were then out, returned ; and
that Governor Carleton was giving them presents daily.
We are very sorry to inform you that from a number of
corroborating circumstances we have but too much reason to
bejieve the above information to be true, and more especial-
ly as the troops, which amount to about six hundred men,
suffer no person coming up the lake to pass St. Johns, if
they can avoid it, where they are building floating batteries
and boats. Mr. Swart also acquaints us that Mr. Hay
said that Governor Carleton had asked the English mer-
chants to take up arms against the Yankees, (to make use
of his own phraseology ;) that the merchants refused ; upon
which he told them he would set the town on fire, which
the merchants said he was welcome to do, and added they
could carry as much fire as himself. Mr. Hay also desired
Mr. Swart if he should happen to meet Mr. Price, he
should request him not to proceed, as the English mer-
chants in Canada conceived it unsafe for him.
The forces above are in no proper state of defence, prin-
cipally owing to the scarcity of powder, of which article
we have not been able to send up more, with the supply
we have received from you, than three hundred and fifty
pounds ; which quantity is altogether insufficient to answer
the purposes intended, and of little service in case of an
attack. We can further inform you, this city is not half
supplied, nor have the frontier inhabitants either powder or
arms, for which applications have been, and daily arc,
making to us ; we must therefore beg you will afford us
all the assistance in your power, and send us per the first
opportunity such an additional quantity as you can conve-
niently spare.
We must also beg of you to send us seventy-eight blank-
ets, for so many of the men enlisted in this county, who
are now at Fort George without any ; as also some money
to pay the companies, as they arc very uneasy and threaten
to desert. Two of their officers are now in town, and de
clare they dare not return without some cash to satisfy their
men.
[Vol. ii.] 13
We thought it our indispensable duty to inform you of
these matters, therefore send them you per express.
We are, gent, your very hum. servts.
By order of the committee.
SAM. STRINGER, Chairman, pro tern.
To the gentlemen of the Provincial Congress of the
Colony of New- York.
In the Provincial Congress, )
Watertown, June 15, 1774- >
To the Honourable Delegates of the Province
of New- York.
Gentlemen — Considering the exposed state of the fron-
tiers of some of the Colonies, the danger that the inhabi-
tants of Canada may possibly have disagreeable apprehen-
sions from the mihtary preparations making in several of
the other Colonies, and the rumors that there are some ap-
pearances of their getting themselves in readiness to act
in a hostile way, this Congress have made application
to the Honourable Continental Congress, desiring them to
take such measures as to them shall appear proper to quiet
and conciUate the minds of the Canadians and to prevent
such alarming apprehensions. We also have had the disa-
greeable accounts of methods taken to fill the minds of the
Indian tribes adjacent to these Colonies with sentiments
very injurious to us ; particularly, we have been informed
that Col. Guy Johnson has taken great pains with the Six
Nations in order to bring them into a belief that it is de-
signed by the Colonies to fall on them and cut them off.
We have, therefore, desired the Honourable Continental
Congress that they would, with all convenient speed, use
their influence in guarding against the evil intended by this
malevolent representation, and we desire you to join with
us in such application.
JOS. WARREN, President.
Attest.
Sam. Freeman, Secry.
Gentlemen — I beg leave to lay before this Board my
information and request, concerning the troops raised in
and for the Colony of Connecticut, for the special defence
of the same.
1. In the first place, it is provided by the said Colony
that each officer and soldier (among other things) shall have
fresh meat two days in a week, butter, pease or beans, rice,
rum, when on fatigue, beer, &c. ; expecting said troops
would be required at or near by Boston, where it would
have been easy and convenient for us to have supplied
them according to said act.
2. In the next place, the ever to be revered patrons of
America (the Continental Congress) have directed one
thousand of our troops immediately to repair to Ticonde-
roga, there to be stationed until such time as they should
be relieved by forces from this Province, just at a time
after many of them were on their march, according to their
first destination, (Greenedge,) and had to countermarch
through our Colony and directly to Ticonderoga, and by
means of so tedious a march, have already become some-
what sickly ; and as the Continental Congress have advised
this Province particularly to provide for said forces at Ti-
conderoga during their stay, our Colony have (perhaps)
been the more remiss in their provisions ; and it does not
appear to me that there is sauce sufficient, nor any fresh
meat, butter, rum, beer, &c. ; nor I iiavo had no intelli-
gence that any is like to be provided by this Province.
Therefore I come before this Board for advise in the pre-
mises, at the same time giving assurance that the public
faith of our Colony must not be violated, (but it must be
fulfilled according to the enconragcnicnt given by our Co-
lony ;) though pledged to soldiers, yet it is to those in de-
fence of what we tenaciously hold as sacred and to be
prized above life. Wc therefore determine to have it ful-
50
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
filled according to the act of our Assembly (if not by this
Province) by our Colony.
Am gentlemen, with greatest esteem,
Your very humb. servt.
ADONIJAH STRONG,
Dep. Corny, for said troops.
City of Mbany, 15th June, A. D. 1775.
To the Committee in and for the city and county
of Albany.
Mbany, llth June, 1775.
Gent. — You have enclosed, by order of the committee,
a request of Adonijah Strong, deputy commissary for the
committee of this city and county.
I am gent, your hum. servt.
JOHN BAY, Secry. pro tern.
Newburgh, June 12, 1775.
Gentlemen — In consequence of a resolve in Provin-
cial Congress, passed the 7th instant, where it is declared
that when ever doubts should arise in the minds of indi-
viduals, relative to the resolutions and recommendations of
either the Continental or Provincial Congress, it is the duty
of such persons to apply to your board for an explana-
tion thereof. Therefore, gentlemen, willing to walk in the
path of duly as far as we have knowledge of the same, we
in behalf ot the committees for the precinct of New-Marl-
borough, New-Burgh and New-Windsor, do hereby apply
for an explanation of the words in your resolve of the 29th
of May last, which is as follows: " And that such persons
in those counties or districts, who have not appointed com-
mittees, as shall be appointed by the members of this Con-
gress respecting such counties and districts, respectively,
&;c." As we can not ascertain what ideas the Honourable
Congress means to convey by these words, they'll pardon
the freedom we take in requesting an explanation. We
are at a loss also what is intended in the resolve of the
Congress of the 31st of May last, where it is recommend-
ed to the inhabitants of this Colony in general, to provide
arms, &c. and to use all diligence in acquiring knowledge
in the military art ; and if necessary, to form themselves
into companies for the purpose aforesaid. With all due
deference to the Honourable Congress, we humbly con-
ceive that the words " if necessary," leaves the matter in-
different whether the inhabitants of this Colony do form
themselves into companies or not ; if they do not, we beg
to be informed which way we are to acquire the art recom-
mended.
Gentlemen, your answer to our requests will much
oblige a number of your constituents, as also
Your humble servants,
BENJAMIN CARPENTER,
Chairman of New-Marlburgh.
SAMUEL BREWSTER,
Chairman of New- Windsor.
ISAAC BELKNAP,
Chairman pro tempore, for New-Burgh.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress,
for the Colony of New-York.
Albany, 16th June, 1775.
Sir — By order of the committee of this city and coun-
ty, of the 15th inst. you have enclosed a copy of a letter
from the Revd. Samuel Kirkland, missionary among the
Oneida Indians.
I am, sir, your hum. servt.
JOHN BAY, Secy. P. T.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
I^^estminster, June 8th, 1775.
HoND. Sir — Having received certain advice from Mr.
Isaac Low, chairman of the honourable committee of cor-
respondence at New- York, that it is the desire of said
committee that this county of Cumberland should send
Delegates to tlie city of New- York, to consult with the
very respectable members of the Provincial Congress
what measures are best to be pursued in this distressing
and very alarming situation of this Province, we hereby
inform your Honours that the inhabitants of the several
towns, in said county of Cumberland, immediately assem-
bled, (at the earliest notice from Mr. Low,) and all of us,
inhabitants of the same county, were unanimously disposed
to send Delegates to the city of New- York, in order to
consult what measures are proper to be taken in this
alarming situation of our public affairs.
We hereby return our most sincere thanks to the ho-
nourable committee of correspondence for the favourable
notice they have taken of us, in this far distant, infant
county.
You, sir, and the Honourable Provincial Congress, may
be assured (although the minions and tools of power may
assert to the contrary) that we, in this county, are almost
to a man resolute and fully determined, under God, as
much as in us lies, to vindicate and maintain those liber-
ties, both civil and religious, which by the laws of God
and the British Constitution, we are clearly entitled to.
We detest and abhor those arbitrary, tyrannic and san-
guinary measures which the British Parliament are most
industriously pursuing against the American Colonies, in
order to dragoon them into a compliance of certain late de-
testable acts of Parliament, replete with horror and repug-
nant to every idea of British freedom, and which have a
direct tendency to reduce the free and brave Americans
into a state of the most abject slavery and vassalage.
We, therefore, think it our indispensable duty to God,
our country and ourselves, at the expense of our lives and
fortunes, if called to the last extremity, to join with our
brethren in America in general, and most vigorously to op-
pose and resist the said detestable measures and proceed-
ings. Confidently relying upon the wisdom and integrity
of the Honourable Provincial and Continental Congresses,
we are determined to pursue, at all times, such salutary
measures as they, in their wisdom and prudence shall ad-
vise to.
We would earnestly request that you, sir, would exert
your influence with the members of the Honourable Con-
gress, that this poor, infant county, at present in a very
defenceless state, might have sonr.e relief from New-York.
We esteem it a privilege and a peculiar happiness that we
are in a government rich, opulent and flourishing, and
abundantly able to aflford assistance to a needy but industri-
ous people, who are settling a rude and uncultivated wilder-
ness, but at the same time are heartily disposed to pro-
mote the grand American cause.
Sir, we would flatter ourselves, and humbly hope that
the Honourable Congress will assist our Delegates in pro-
curing ai-ms and ammunition, which are so very necessary
for us at this important crisis. Sir, you may rely upon it,
that our people in general are spirited, resolute and active
in the defence of our dear bought rights and liberties, and
will not flinch (if called) generously to spill our blood to
oppose and resist IMinislerial tyranny and oppression.
Therefore, wishing this Province all imaginable prospe-
rity, happiness and success, we, in behalf of the freehold-
ers and inhabitants of this county of Cumberland, sub-
scribe ourselves.
Your most obedient humble servants, &c.
JOHN HAZETINE,
Chairman of the Committee of Correspondence,
and county of Cumberland Congress.
A true copy of the letter to the Honourable }
President of the Congress, &c. S
Per. Sol. Phelps, D. C.
To the Honourable V. B. Livingston,
President of the Honourable Pro-
vincial Congress, now convened at
the city of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
51
Exeter, in New-Hampshire, June 2nd, 1775.
Gentm. — I am directed by the Provincial Congress,
now convened in this town, to advise you that the resolu-
tion of the Continental Congress respecting the demolition
of the fortress at Ticonderoga, is just come to hand ; that
•we have taken the same into consideration, and as we
esteem that fortress to be at a place truly important to the
welfare of all these Northern Colonies in general, and to
this Colony in particular, the thought of its demolition
casts a damp on the spirits of our people, as we apprehend
our western frontiers will be thereby greatly exposed to the
depredations of the Canadians and Indians, if (as we have
leason to fear) they should incline to annoy us. And not
being acquainted with the reasons for passing that order,
we have thought it our duty to entreat that respectable
body again to cake that matter into their consideration, and
(if they shall think proper) to order that the said fortress
may be kept in possession of the Colonies. And we would
earnestly entreat your concurrence with us in the said re-
quest. At the same time you may be assured that no Co-
lony on this Continent is or can be more determined
than we are to abide by the determination of that respect-
able body.
In behalf of the Provincial Congress aforesaid, I am,
gentlemen.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
MATTHEW THORNTON, Prest.
P. S. By an enclosed resolve of this body, you will find
we are providing against any attempt from Canada on our
adjacent frontier. We earnestly desire your approbation
of this measure, and concurrence with it, by adding such
number of troops from your Colony as, in your wisdom
and concern for the general good, you may think proper.
MATTHEW THORNTON, Prest.
The President of the Congress at New- York.
Newport, 14th June, 1775.
Sir — This day we received a letter from the committee
of inspection at Barcley, advising us that Thomas Gilbert,
Ebr. Philips and Joseph Winslow, some short time since
left that town in order to proceed from Newport to Long
island to be inoculated. Mr. Conkling, of Southampton,
informs us that they have taken the smallpox at one of
your hospitals. This is to request the favour of you to be
very cautious that neither of those persons be suffered to
depart the hospital until they are perfectly well and free
from infection ; nor to suffer them to bring away any of
their clothing, nor even a single hair upon their bodies, as
they are all of them inveterate enemies to our country, and
it is generally thought have taken this method to spread
the smallpox upon their return in the camp now before
the town of Boston. We rely upon your vigilance in this
most important matter, and are most respectfully, sir.
Your obedt. humble servants,
JONATHAN OTIS, Chairman.
Sirs — It is further requested of you that you keep said
persons at your inoculation house till you have an opportu-
nity to send them to New-London or Stonington, and de-
sire the favour of the committee of said place vou may
send them to, to take care that they may be cleansed again
when they arrive there, and before they let them depart
from thence.
A true copy. By
Jno. Gilston.
For the Committee of Correspondence at Easthampton.
Sir — I beg the favour of you to take an early opportu-
nity to lay before the Provincial Congress the enclosed
papers, which are explanatory of a design formed by the
friends of freedom for annihilating the old Parliamentary
and Ministerial post-office in this county, by the institution
of a new one on a constitutional basis, or such of ihcm as
you may judge proper— a design, that, for obvious reasons,
hath met with the approbation and support of many respect-
able colonies, cities and towns, both in New-England and
the southern governments, as far as North-Carolina — not
doubling but the representatives of the free people of this
great Province, now convened in this city, will cheerfully
cooperate in giving success to a measure of such capital
consequence to the public welfare and so indispensable at
this interesting crisis. Being on my way to Philadelphia
from the Eastern Colonies, where I purpose to address the
Honourable Continental Congress on the subject of the
American post-office, which I am persuaded, will, ere long
take that important matter into their serious consideration,
and form such a general plan as will prove extensively be-
neficial to all America. I should be extremely glad to
obtain the resolutions of the Provincial Congress of New-
York relative to the business in question, previous to my
departure, and as expeditiously as possible. To prevent
an imputation of vanity and ostentation, it may be neces-
sary for me to add, that I engaged in this business with
the advice and by the desire of many gentlemen of the first
character on this Continent, and am happy on being made
an instrument, however humble, in promoting the interest
of my native country.
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your very humble and most obedt. servt.
WILLIAM GODDARD.
New-York, June 14, 1775.
To the Hon. Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress of New-York.
In Provincial Congress, )
Watertown, May 12. 1775. J
Resolved, As the opinion of this Congress, that post
riders be immediately estabhshed to go from Cambridge,
and to ride the following roads, vizt. To Georgetown,
in the county of Lincoln, to Haverhill, to Providence, to
Woodstock by Worcester, and from Worcester to Great
Barrington, by Springfield and to Falmouth in the county
of Barnstable. And that post offices be kept as followeth,
vizt. one at Cambridge, one at Salem, one at Ipswich, one
at Haverhill, one at Newbury Port, one at Kennebunk in
Wells, one at Falmouth in tlie county of Cumberland, one
at Georgetown in the county of Lincoln, one at Worcester,
one at Springfield, one at Great Barrington, one at Ply-
mouth, one at Sandwich and one at Falmouth in the county
of Barnstable. And it is further
Resolved, That Mr. James Winthrop be appointed post-
master for the town of Cambridge, and that Mr. Edward
Norris be appointed for Salem, Mr. James Foster for Ips-
wich, Mr. Simon Greenough for Haverhill, Mr. Bulkley
Emerson for Newbury Port, Mr. Nathaniel Kimball for
Kennebunk in the town of Wells, Mr. Samuel Freeman
for Falmouth in the county of Cumberland, Mr. John Wood
for George Town, Mr. Isaiah Thomas for Woorcester, Mr.
Moses Church for Springfield, Doct. Wm. Whiting for
Great Barrington, Wm. Watson, Esqr. for Plymouth, Mr.
Moses Nye, the third, for Sandwich, and Mr. Moses Swift
for Falmouth in the count}'^ of Barnstable. And that Capt.
Jonathan Brown, Jonas Dix, Esqr. and David Cheever,
Esqr. be a committee to give directions for the setting off
and returning of the posts in their several routes, and to
appoint the number of riders, and to agree with them, and
to agree likewise with the postmasters for their service.
And that the rates and duties for postage of letters be as
follows, vizt :
i. d.
For any distance not exceeding 60 miles, 0 5j
Upwardsof 60 miles and not exceeding 100 miles,. .. . 0 8
do 100 do' do '200 do 0 lOJ
do 200 do do .3lX) do 1 1
do 300 do do 400 do 1 4
do 400 do do 500 do 1 6.1
do 500 do do 600 do 1 !)
do 600 do do 700 do 2 0
do 700 do do SOO do 2 2 J
do SOO do do 900 do 2 5
do 900 do do 1000 do 2 8
52
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
The above rales to be paid in lawful money of this Co-
lony. These rates are for ihe postage of a single letter ;
llicy are to be doubled for all double letters, trebled for all
trebled letters, and for every ounce weight, four limes as
much to be charged as for a single letter ; and that the
postmasters be accountable to the aforenamed committee
for what they shall receive, and that the foregoing rules
and orders continue muil the Continental Congress or the
Congress or future House of Representatives of this Co-
lony shall make some further order relative to the same.
JOS. WARREN, Preside, pro tern.
[Attest.]
Saml. Freeman, S eery, pro tern.
In Provincial Congress, )
Walerlown, May 15, 1775. \
Resolved, That David Cheever, Esq. for reasons by him
offered, be|excused from serving in the business to which he
was appointed by a resolve of this Congress, passed the
12th instant, for establishing post-offices and post-riders.
And that Mr. Wm. Greenleaf, Joseph Greenleaf, Esq. and
Mr. John Pitts, be added to the committee therein ap-
pointed.
JOS. WARREN, Presidt. pro tern.
[Attest.] Saml. Freeman, Secy, pro tern.
(A true copy.)
[Attest.] Saml. Freeman, Secy, pro tern.
PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.
In Provincial Congress, ?
The mh day of May, 1775. J
Resolved, That a post-office be established in said
Portsmouth, and that Samuel Penhallow, Esq. of said
Portsmouth, be appointed postmaster, and that the mem-
bers of this Congress from Portsmouth be a committee to
agree with a post-rider or riders.
MATTHEW THORNTON, President.
(A true copy.)
[Attest.] E. Thompson, Secretary.
Providence, May 30, 1775.
The General Assembly of the Colony of Connecticut,
and the Provincial Congresses of Massachusetts Bay and
New-Hampshire, having seconded the wishes and eflforts
of the friends of freedom in the Southern Colonies, for
abolishing that ministerial engine, the unconstitutional post
office, by the establishment of posts and post-offices, on
constitutional principles ; the committee of this town
have judged it highly expedient and necessary, at this in-
teresting juncture, to cooperate with their brethren in
the important business in question ; they have therefore
appointed Mr. John Carter, to act as postmaster here, and
Mr. Peter Mumford, as post-rider, under the direction and
controul of said committee, until the Legislature of this
Colony, or the Continental Congress, shall be pleased to
make other regulations and appointments.
Signed by order and in behalf of the committee.
JAMES ANGELL, Clerk.
Whereas the intercourse between the Colonies hath for
some time been, and is now inetrrupted, by the riders being
dismissed by the Postmaster-General, and as there is no
person who acts as postmaster in this town : therefore
Voted, that Mr. Nathaniel Otis, be appointed to receive
and deliver the letters brought to and to be sent from this
town under the direction of this committee, until the
General Assembly of this Colony, or this committee
shall order otherwise ; and that he shall receive for each
letter agreeably to the schedule delivered him by this com-
mittee, and that this vote be published in the next New-
port Mercury.
Signed by order and in behalf of the committee.
THOS. BURNNEILL, Clerk.
Newport, May 31, 1775.
Stanford, May 5th, 1775.
We the subscribers, do fully approve of Mr. Goddard's
plan for establishing a constitutional post-office in Amer-
ica, do therefore recommend Mr. Ebenczer Weed, of said
Stanford, to receive and forward all letters until the busi-
ness of the post-office shall be regulated by the Continental
Congress.
Signed in behalf of the committee.
JOHN HAIT, Jr.
Norwalk, May 7th, 1775.
We the subscribers do fully approve of Mr. Goddard's
plan for establishing a constitutional post-office, in Amer-
ica, do therefore recommend, Mr. John Betts, of Norwalk,
to receive and forward all letters until the business of the
post-office shall be regulated bv the Continental Congress.
SAML. GRUMAN,
THADS. BETT.S,
ELIPHALET LOCKWOOD,
Committee.
Middletown, May 7lh, 1775.
Sir — I have seen as many of the committee as I could
conveniently, and we have agreed to nominate as a post-
master for this town, Mr. Wcnsly Hobby, a gentleman of
acknowledged ability and integrity, and known attachment
to the American cause, and one that possesses in a high
degree the confidence of the people of this town.
I am, sir,
Your obedient humble servant,
TITUS HOSMER.
Mr. Wm. Goddard, at Hartford.
Hartford, May 7th, 1775.
We the subscribers do fully approve of the plan for
establishing a constitutional post-office, offered by Mr.
Goddard, and do recommend Mr. Wm. Elleny, of this
place, to receive and forward all letters until the business
of the post-office shall be regulated by the Continental
Congress.
SAML. WILLYS,
SAML. WADSWORTH,
Of the Committee.
New-London, June 6th, 1775.
We the subscribers do fully approve of the plan for es-
tablishing a constitutional post-office, offered by Mr. Wm.
Goddard, and do recommend Mr. Roswell Saltonstall, of
this town, to receive and forward all letters until the busi-
ness of the post-office shall be regulated by the Continental
Congress.
NATH. SHAW, Jr.
JOHN DISHON,
Committee of Correspondence.
P. S. Elias Beers, appointed post-master at New Ha-
ven, and Thaddeus Beers, Esq. at Fairfield.
Fair Goal, July 6th, 1775.
Sir — I have wrote you a few days ago concerning my
close confinement, which I think very hard and contrary' to
promise; as I expected to be treated more like a gentle-
man, than a highwayman : for it really never was my intent
to offer to make my escape from my confinement till such
times as I should be properly released, or if I am not re-
leased I must only make my applications to be exchanged.
But at the same time I hope Colo. McDougall will be good
enough to speak to the gentlemen of the Congress, in re-
gard of my having the liberty of the yard ; to have the air
is all I desire, and if I break through my liberty, I will
suffer death or such other punishment as I shall deserve.
This day my wife come here : I hope she'll be permitted to
stay with me ; as Genl. Wooster told me to send for her,
and that I should have the more liberty while she stayed
with me. And your goodness in this point I much depend
on in this case : for I know one word from Col. McDougall
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, «fcc.
53
will be sufficient for my request. And in so doing I shall
for ever remain,
Your humble and most obedient servant,
ANGUS M'DONALD.
[ A circular to the Colonels of the different regiments.]
Committee of Safety for the Colony of New-Yokk, i
During the recess of the Provincial Congress. >
New-York, July \1lh, 1775. )
Sir — You are requested to prepare and lay before the
Congress of this Colony at New-York, a state of your
regiment, and of the number of men ready and fit for ser-
vice in each company with all possible despatch. You will
also be pleased to inform the Congress when you expect
your regiment will be complete and ready to take the field.
We pray you to give all possible despatch in this business.
The present circumstances admit of no delay.
The sooner your answer and return can be received the
more acceptable it will be.
We are, sir, your very humble servants.
By order of the Committee.
[A letter from the Committee of Elizabeth Town to the Chairman of
the Committee at New- York, acquainting him of the arrival of gun-
powder.]
Gentn. — We have this moment received from the com-
mittee of Philadelphia four hogsheads, said to contain fifty-
two quarter casks of powder, which they direct to be con-
veyed to Dobb's ferry, there to be delivered to the order
of your committee. We are sorry to say that this powder
has been coming from Philadelphia since the first instant.
This accidental delay makes the utmost despatch neces-
sary, which we doubt not you will promote as far as in
your power.
We are, gentn. your most hble. servts.
JONA. HAMPTON, Chairman.
Elizabeth Town, Monday, July ITth, 1775.
To the Chairman of the Committee
of the city of New- York.
P. iS. The powder will be at Dobb's ferry by 9 o'clock
to-morrow morning.
Newbury, June 29ih, 1775.
Gentn. — Lately we received a desire from you to send
a member or two to the Provincial Congress at New-York.
We met and chose one, viz. myself ; but considering our
distance, and the danger we might be in of a visit from
Canada, thought best that I did not yet attend until we
were prepared to meet with an enemy at home. I am
taking what pains I can to be prepared with arms and am-
munition, but as yet to but little purpose. Am still ap-
prehensive of danger from Canada and can not be absent.
I have had intelligence from an Indian to be depended on,
who informs that they shall be forced to take up arms if
we do not help them by sending an army to Canada, and
says ihey are both threatened and flattered ; says that the
French and Indians will join us, and makes no doubt but
Quebec might be taken, which is their desire ; but if it is
neglected much longer it may be fatal to them and us. I
have employed him to bring intelligence from Canada, and
must meet him myself, and shall transmit to you. T
should think that if orders were sent to me, I could raise
two or three hundred men from the neighbouring govern-
ments, which must be necessary either for our defence or
to proceed to Canada.
If it is thought best to raise men, arms — at least two
hundred, and powder and flints must be sent. Mr. Harvy
will inform more, and take care of whatever is sent ;
meantime I am endeavouring to supply ourselves from
seaports eastward.
We acknowledge with gratitude the notice taken of us
by you ; shall acquiesce in the measures which shall be
[Vol. II.] 14
taken by you ; shall attend as soon as we are in a posture
of defence.
Wish prosperity to the cause of liberty and truth.
Am, gentlemen,
Your most humble servant,
JACOB BAYLEY.
To the Provincial Congress for
New- York Colony.
[A letter from John Nicholson, Esqr. of TTlster county, informing that
his company is full and ready for service.]
New-Windsor, 13th July, 1775.
Sir — Agreeably to my warrant and instructions from
the Provincial Congress of New-York, I have enlisted a
company of seventy-two men to serve in the Continental
army, and now wait for the further directions of the Con-
gress.
I am your most obedt. servt.
JOHN NICHOLSON.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston,
President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
Mbany, July Uth 1775.
HoND. Gentn. — Before your favour of the 29th June
last came to hand, I was possessed of the little stores Mr.
Bleeker had on hand, which was pork principally ; and as
it did not in any wise answer, agreeably to the act of our
Assembly, I thought it my duty to apply immediately to
the committee here. They informed they had no orders
to purchase for the army, though some of the gentlemen
gave it as their private opinion that I should provide agree-
ably to act of Assembly, whose advice I have followed as
far as lay in my power. As I was informed the army suf-
fered to that degree as threatened mutiny if flour, &;c.
could not be forwarded, it was with difficulty I procured
10 barrels at that time, and 10 more at Schenectady. I
have forwarded with all despatch all the provisions I could
obtain.
Since my return to the General, of the 10th inst. I have
sent forward 62 barrels flour, and Mr. French about 30
barrels more. The General has, to my great satisfaction,
ordered the committee to purchase flour for me.
I am desired by Col. Hinman to send up rum and hos-
pital stores, agreeably to act of our Assembly ; but these
articles are not to be had here, and the army thinks me in
the fault. And I can not conceive that I am authorized by
my commission to purchase stores, though I have pre-
sumed it on myself on this emergency, as I am expressly
ordered to receive and forward, &c. from the Provincial
Convention of New-York to the fourth regiment, &c.
I have likewise, a few days ago, received a commis-
sion as commissary for the Boston forces on this station, to
receive and forward, &c.
I hope you, gentlemen, in your wisdom, will point out
ways and means that those necessaries may be purchased
and forwarded agreeably to what the soldiers may rea-
sonably expect from the acts of the New-England Pro-
vinces ; and you may rely on my doing my utmost in the
execution of my office and trust.
While I am, gentlemen.
With tlie greatest esteem,
Your most obt. and very hum. servt.
ELISHA PHELPS.
N. B. I have thought proper to transmit a copy of the
above tO His Honour the Governor of Connecticut.
To the Honourable Provincial Convention
at New- York.
Sir — According to your instructions I went into Cum-
berland county to deliver a copy to the lieutenants. Saml.
Fhtcher, who was appointed first lieutenant, I found was in
liie army at Cambridge. I took tlic advice of the leading
54
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
men there and they nominated William McCune in his
place, and he is enlisting men. Alexander Brink, the se-
cond lieutenant, lives at the upper part of the county. I
sent a man with his instructions. I have enlisted forty
men, and if I had the money to pay the men, (a small mat-
ter,) my company would be full in two or three days time.
From your humh. servt.
ELISHA BENEDICT.
Mbany, July Uth, A. D. 1775.
N. B. Sir — I should be glad if Mr. McCune might be
the first lieutenant in the olace of Mr. Flitcher.
E. B.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Albany, July nth, 1775.
Gentm. — If you have any provisions or hospital stores,
I beg you will take this safe and convenient opportunity to
forward them by Mr. Benjamin French's sloop, as these
articles are much wanted.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obt. humb. servt.
ELISHA PHELPS.
To the Provincial Convention, New- York.
Elizabeth Town, July 25, 1775.
Sir — Under the conduct of Sergeant Faulker, with a
file of men, I have, by an order of our committee, sent
three persons as prisoners, who were apprehended here on
this day, on suspicion of being deserters from Genl. Woos-
ter's camp. We have not been able to draw any confes-
sion out of them to the purpose. They differ widely in their
stories, which renders them so suspicious that we have
thought proper to send them to your committee for further
examination and inquiry.
By order of the sub-committee.
JONA. HAMPTON, Chairman.
P. S. The prisoners all agree that they came from New-
Haven together, but differ as to the lime ; and one of them
was lately seen by one of our members in the camp, which
gives us strong suspicion of their being deserters from
Waterbury's regiment, now under marching orders.
[Letter from Daniel Lawrence, stating that gunpowder is forwarded.]
Rockland, July 24/A, 1775.
Sir — I received yours and embrace the earliest opportu-
nity to give intelligence that I received the four hogsheads
stores the I8lh, and by order from the Committee of Safe-
ty of New- York, delivered them safe on board Capt. Corns.
Swilz on the 19th for Albany.
From, sir, your obliged friend,
DANIEL LAWRENCE.
To D.-iviD Pye, Esqr. at New-York.
[Letter from Rufus Herrick, slating that liis company is full.]
Sir — Agreeably to warrants from the Provincial Con-
gress, directed to myself, Charles Graham and Jessie
Thompson, for the raising of a company, I have the plea-
sure to acquaint you that we have completed the same and
wait for further orders.
I remain your very humble servt.
RUFUS HERRICK.
Dutchess county, July 21st, 1775.
[A letter from the Committee of Goshen, recommending George
Hamilton Jackson as a Lieutenant in Denton's Company.]
Goshen, July 18th, 1775.
Sir — As Mr. Stephen Howell who was nominated se-
cond lieutenant in Capt. Daniel Denton's company, and
had a warrant to raise men as such, does decline going into
the army ; as also does Mr. Bellas who was nominated by
the committee of Cornwall precinct to succeed him. We
being some of the members of the committee of Goshen, do
beg leave to mention lo you Mr. George Hamilton Jackson
as a gentleman capable of acting in the capacity of second
lieutenant, and one that we are assured will accept of it. Wc
therefore pray that you will use your interest in gelling
him appointed since the above two gentlemen do decline,
and all the men have been raised in this precinct.
We are, sir, your most obedl. humble servants,
DANL. EVERETT,
WM. ALLISON,
SAMUEL JONES,
JAMES SAWAR,
MICHAEL JACKSON,
DANIEL DENTON.
I do approve of the said George Hamilton Jackson to
be second lieutenant under Capt. Denton, and recommend
him to the Congress.
JAMES CLINTON.
White Plains, July 7ih, 1775.
Sir — The committee of Westchester county sensible of
the great consequence in our present struggle for liberty,
of having officers of the militia who are sincere friends to
their country ; and also that many, if not a majority of the
militia oflicers in this county, upon account of iheir oath of
allegiance or from sinister motives, endeavour to counteract
the present measures as far as possible, do request the
the Provincial Congress to take the same into considera-
tion, and do what they shall think proper in so important a
matter.
We are, sir, your most hum. servts.
By order of the commilee,
GILBT. DRAKE, Chairman.
To Peter Van Bbugh Livingston, Esq.
President of the Provincial Congress.
[A letter from the Committee at Albany, covering three letters from
one Edmeston, on the subject of military promotion.]
ALBANy COM.MITTE CHAMBER, )
July nth, 1775. S
Gent. — Enclosed you have fourletters ; three from Capt.
Edmeston to different persons in Europe, which we had
appointed a committee to peruse, who report that they
judge it proper they should be sent open to the Provincial
Congress for their inspection. The other is a letter from
Col. Guy Johnson, which we received with a verbal license
to open it, which we have presumed to do, and have even
taken upon us to give General Schuyler a copy thereof,
which we hope you will put the best construction upon.
We are genl. your very hum. servants.
By order of the committee,
ABM. YATES, Jun.
To the gent, of the Provincial Congress.
Sir — I am directed by his Excellency General Washing-
ton to inform you that yesterday afternoon three men of war
with a number of transports sailed from Boston. They
steered E S E after they got out, but we can not learn their
destination, or whether they have taken off any of the troops
of the enemy. As their designs are so much unknown to us,
and it is possible they may move lo New- York, the Gene
ral thought it proper to apprize you of it, that you may be
prepared for such an event. This he would have done
with his own hand, but he has been much indisposed for
some days past.
I have the honor to be, sir, your most hble. servt.
JOSEPH REED, Secy.
26th July, 1775.
Oyster Ponds, August 8th, 1775, 12 o'clock, P. M.
Sir— This afternoon at 4 o'clock, I received your orders
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
55
of the 7th instant ; agreeably to which I immediately went
to the mihtia to give them orders to be in readiness at a
minute's warning, and on my way to the Oyster Ponds I
met an express from the committee of the Oyster Ponds to
the committee at Southhold, informing them, that this
morning, at 10 o'clock, the Ministerial fleet, consisting of
thirteen sail of square rigged vessels, of which seven are
ships, arrived from the west end of Fisher's island and
came to an anchor off Gardiner's island point, where they
now lie. At 5 o'clock this afternoon, a small boat, which
our people took to be a passage boat, attacked Mr. Rufus
Tuthill, who was landing about fifty sheep from Plumb
island. He had landed about thirty on the north side of
Oyster Pond point, when said boat ran in shore and fired
upon Mr. Tuthill, drove him from his boat, and immedi-
ately took his boat with the remaining twenty sheep and
carried them off.
Upon receiving the express, I immediately sent an ex-
press to the officers of the militia to repair to the Oyster
Ponds as quick as possible, as I look upon it they will
make a descent upon Oyster Ponds, Gardiner's island.
Plumb island, Shelter island, or upon all of them.
I am, sir,
Your very humble servant,
PHINEAS FANNING.
P. S. Sir, if any alteration should occur, you may de-
pend on hearing as quick as possible. We are extremely
in want of powder.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter relative to the establishment of an independent battalion in
New- York.]
New-York, Augt. Uth, 1775.
Mr. President and Gentlemen —
We beg leave to inform you that several inde-
pendent companies, already formed in this city, propose to
unite together, and to establish a second independent bat-
talion. And, in confidence, that the Congress will readily
countenance every measure which hath a tendency to pro-
mote the public good, they are thereby encouraged to re-
quest their patronage.
As the appointment of field officers belongs to the Con-
gress, they would humbly beg leave to recommend the
following gentlemen for that purpose, being persons whom,
upon mature consideration, they find will be most accepta-
ble to the companies which compose the battalion, viz.
Capt. Wm. Heyer, colonel ; Capt. Chr. Banker or Mr. P.
Curtenius, for lieut, colonel ; and Mr. William Malcom as
major. They flatter themselves that this nomination will
be agreeable to the Congress, and that they will indulge
the companies therein. With respect to the two gentlemen
who are named as lieutenant-colonel, the preference of the
Congress will be cheerfully acquiesced with.
They particularly request that the Congress will take
this matter into their consideration as soon as more weighty
affairs will permit, as they would wish to get the battalion
in a respectable situation before the season is too far ad-
vanced.
In behalf of four companies.
We are, with due respect,
Mr. President and gentlemen.
Your most obdt. servants,
ISAAC STOUTENBURGH,
CHRISTOPHER BENSON,
JOHN LABOYTEAUX,
JEREMH. WOOL.
To the Honourable the Provincial
Congress, New- York.
[Proceedings of the Committee of Cornwall precinct, in Orange county,
against Capt. Phineas Ramsey.]
At a meeting of the committee of Cornwall precinct, in
Orange county, held at the house of John Brewster, on
Wednesday, the 30th of August, 1775, especially con-
vened :
Present— Hezekiah Howell, Esqr. Archibald Little, Esqr. Elihn
Marvin, Nathaniel Satterly, Nathaniel Strong, Jonathan Brooks, Ste-
phen Gilbart, Zachariah Dubois, Thomas Moffat.
Several persons appeared and entered complaint against
Capt. Phineas Ramsey for violating the resolves of our
Provincial Congress in the election of military officers
(held on the 23d inst.) for the company whereof he was
formerly captain ; and the allegations being supported by
a number of evidences, on motion made.
Resolved, That the said Capt. Phineas Ramsey be or-
dered to appear before this committee to-morrow, at 4
o'clock in the afternoon, at the house of John Brewster,
with such evidences as he shall think proper to produce in
his favour, and that his accusers, with their evidences, be
ordered to attend likewise.
Evidences ordered to attend, viz. — Joseph Concklin, Moses Carpen-
ter, William Heard, Jonathan Sears, Silas Person.
And then the committee adjourned till to-morrow at 4
o'clock, P. M.
Thursday, August 3lst, 4 o'clock, P. M.
The committee met according to adjournment.
Present — Hezekiah Howell, Esqr. Archibald Little, Esqr. Elihu
Marvin, Nathaniel Satterly, Nathaniel Strong, Stephen Gilbart, Tho-
mas Moffat, Zachariah Dubois.
The business of the day being called, upon examination
it appeared that the said Capt. Phineas Ramsey had re-
ceived the citation from the chairman of this committee of
yesterday, and that he did not intend to answer it ; upon
which the evidences against him were called in, who de-
clare that the said Capt. Phineas Ramsey prevented the
said company from choosing their non-commissioned offi-
cers, and when the people insisted on it as their right, by
virtue of the resolves of the Congress, he declared that he
did not regard the Congress or any other set of men what-
ever, or words to that purpose. Which evidence being
supported by Archibald Little, Esqr. and Nathaniel Sat-
terly, (members of this committee, who attended the elec-
tion aforesaid,) the committee are unanimously of opinion
that the said election ought to be set aside.
Resolved, therefore. That the said election be set aside,
and it is hereby accordingly set aside to all intents and
purposes whatsoever, as much as if it had never been ;
and that the said company be ordered to meet at the house
of Daniel Reeve, on Saturday, the 2d of September next,
at 1 o'clock in the afternoon of said day, for the purpose
of choosing their officers, agreeably to the directions of the
Congress ; and that Archibald Little, Esqr. and Zachariah
Dubois attend the election.
A true account of the proceedings of the committee
respecting the aforesaid matter, from tlieir mi-
nutes.
Attested per
THOMAS MOFFAT, Clk.
August 30, 1775.
Dear Sir — I have embraced this opportunity once more
to write to you. Should be happy was it in my power to
see you — a man who I sincerely love and have the greatest
veneration for, whose case I pily equal with my own. But
these times will not admit of my coming home at this
juncture. I have never heard from you since last spring,
that I heard since my arrival in America. I made a large
purchase in dry goods in England, and have them in Hali-
fax. Dare not attempt to bring them any further. I came
to Portsmouth mostly to hear from home. But these times
dare not let any body know my business, where I had been
or what after. I intend to try to get into the southward
this fall, if I am forced to get in Soutii Carolina ; but hope
to get nearer, and am deieniiined to sec you this fall if
God spares me, and to take the burden off that lies on you ;
for it troubles me much, but has ever been out of ray power
56
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS'&c.
to do it until now. I have done all that lay in my power
for the best, and believe it will turn out so ; if not, I can
not alter the case. However, I want nothing but the leave
of Providence and God's blessing on my side. I shall not
enter into another port. But pray give my sincere love to
my family ; tell Anne to keep a good heart for a few months
more ; I hope to be with her again and with you all if
times should not hinder me. Be not impatient nor dis-
heartened. Although you sent Capt. Riclien after me, 1
intend to come and see you all, and mean to see you with
honour ; however, was 1 a mind to stay away, you could
never get me there. But I intend to come and see you all.
I have often told you that you made so much cry that it
hurt you and likewise me. But you will and alv/ays did.
However, it is too late to talk of those things now. I
should be glad to see you all or to have the opportunity to
send to you. I heard of one Capt. Frost in Halifax, but
he was gone ; I believe it was Bill from Rye. I would
have given any thing to have seen him, that I might have
sent by him. But all things in that regard makes against
me. I can never get an opportunity to do any thing of the
kind. However, J will give you a feeble sketch of the
limes in England. There is nothing but war and confu-
sion. Goods are low ; however, a man that has goods in
any part of America dare not own it. I shall not put my
name to this letter. You will know as well who it is from
as if you had my name. The greater part of letters are
opened. I would have you keep it as a secret, that you
expect me with any goods of any kind, for if it should be
known, they would be burnt ; for I heard that Portsmouth
imported goods, and went there with the intention to land
mine, but it would not do ; neither could I get a vessel in
there. I have been in the eastward some time, but so far
east that I can not send by land unless I send across the
Bay of Fundy ; that is hard to get a chance. I have made
a correspondent in England that I can have any goods
that I write for, if these cursed times do not ruin me ; I
fear they will, I have so many goods on hand which I
dare not make remittances for as long as these times hold,
which I fear will hurt me much. I have sent some goods
to Virginia, to the value of one thousand sterling, that I
hear are landed. I shall close, and to conclude, I am your
loving son-in-law and ever well wisher.
H.
P. S. I hope to see you all in December. Give love to
my Anne and my young ones who I dearly love and want
to see. I have heard of cursed carrying on with you all
since I left home.
To-morrow I shall sail for Virginia or South Carolina,
where I can get in.
These eastern countries are all in confusion and almost
ready to starve.
You may tell John I leftPassamaquoddy for Casco Bay
island, where he sold my provisions last week. I hope
you will see him for the balance due to me.
There has been the greatest drought throughout the
eastern country that ever was known.
Halifax, August 9th, 1775.
To Mr. Christopher Eisenhart, in the Province
of New- York, county of West-Chester, to be left
in the township of Rye.
Neio-York, 24th Jugt. 1775.
Sir — I am informed that Mr. Malcolm Mclsaac, steward
to Govr. Tryon, is confined in the upper barracks; and in the
absence of His Excellency, wish to know whether it is by
order of the Provincial Congress, and if so, that I may be
made acquainted with the proper measures to be pursued
in order to obtain his releasement.
I am, with respect, sir.
Your most obedt. servt.
EDMD. FANNING.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress.
[Proceedines of the Coramitlecs of Albany in consequence of letter!
received from the Commissioners of Indian Affairs, 8tc. with the
speech of the Indians and answer of the Commillee.J
Albanit Committee Chamber, )
August 'Zblh, 1775. ^
The committee about half an hour after ten, received a
note from the commissioners of Indian affairs, which is in
the words following, to wit:
" Gentlemen — The commissioners of Indian affairs, are
to open the treaty with the Six Nations this morning, about
11 o'clock, at the Dutch Church. They request the
favour of your attendance, and that of the principal gentle-
men of the town, and would wish previous to the meeting,
to be honoured with your company at Cartwright's.
" By order of the commissioners,
"TENCH TILGHMAN."
The committee accordingly, immediately repaired to
Cartwright's, when the commissioners informed them
that the Indians said, they came down here in conse-
quence of an invitation from this committee, and that
they chose to speak with the committee before they
talked with the commissioners. The committee told the
commissioners, that this was a surprize to them, as they
had not received the least intimation of sucii their design
before that juncture, cither from the Indians, or any other
person or persons whatever. However not to retard ihe
public business, and after consultation with the commis-
sioners, (who desired the committee to gratify the Indians)
and the representatives of Queder, this committee resolved
immediately to hear what the Indians had to say ; and that
it might be the more public, the committee gave them
notice, that they would be ready instantly, and would meet
them in Yonkers street, back of the Dutch Church, ap-
pointed a committee to inform the commissioners of this,
requesting their presence at the meeting, and sent the bell-
man round the city inviting the inhabitants, that thought
proper to attend, and also a committee, viz : Walter Li-
vingston, Jeremiah Van Rensselaer, and Samuel Stringer,
to inquire of the commissioners whether in case the In-
dians' talk with the committee was of such a nature,
as to require an answer, they would supply them with
proper presents for the Indians. The committee reported
that the commissioners answered, that they must first see
how the Indians behaved in their conference and speeches.
And then the following speech or answer to the invitation
was delivered by the Indians, in the presence of the com-
missioners, and many of the inhabitants of the city.
Seaghnagerat, one of the Oneida Chiefs, in behalf of
the Six Nations, speaker.
Brothers of Albany — We beg you will acquaint us,
when your body is complete.
Brothers of Albany — The day is now come that we
have arrived in consequence of your invitation. When
you saw four of the Oneida nation, you said you was glad
to see them at your council chamber. We are now here
in consequence thereof ; you told us you would be glad to
see us again, that you rejoiced to see them, and that you
would open the ashes and rekindle the old council fire at
Albany. We are glad to see that some sparks of that old
council fire yet remains. We rejoice even to excess to
find it so.
Brothers attend — I have one addition to make to what
passed between four of the Oneida nation and you, when
last at your council chamber. When you found from
our conference with your brothers at the German Flatts,
that our sentiments of public affairs so much coincided
with yours, you farther told us, that all the governments
of America, on the sea coasts were anxious to know whe-
ther we were disposed to peace, and that you the twelve
United Colonies, were resolved to support your civil con-
stitution and liberties, and you rejoiced to find that we all
so firmly resolved to maintain peace.
Brothers of Albany — You farther observed in the in-
tercourse you had with four of the Oneida nation, that you
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
57
greatly rejoiced at the conference you had at the German
JFlats. You further said that you was surprised about a
letter Guy Johnson had received fronri the chief warrior
General Gage, about removing the ministers from among
us ; that you rejoiced that the Indians were instructed in
the Cliristian religion ; and that the ministers that were
among us might continue.
Brothers of Albany attend — We have something further
yet to relate of your speech. You desired at the intercourse
you had with the four messengers, that we should acquaint
the Six Nations with your speech, and that thereafter three
or four of each nation should come down. You further said
that you would have been glad to have attended at the
council fire at Guy Johnson's, to hear what he should say
to the Indians, and see if his sentiments and yours should
coincide ; but you then soon heard that he had removed
from there to Fort Stanwix, from there to Oswego ; that
you despaired of hearing any thing from him, and therefore
desired us that we would let you know what was done at
that fire.
Brothers attend — You made another proposal at the in-
tercourse you had with four of our nation, which was this —
that you had heard that there was to be a council of the
whole of our nation at the German Flats. You desired our
people that they would let you know what passed between
us and them. Our delegates, in our names, then told you
that it would be more agreeable that two or more of your
members should attend and hear themselves what passed
there. This, brethren, is the substance of what passed
between you and the four of the Oneida nation.
Brothers of Albany attend — We are now upon this day
going through with what passed between some of your
members and us when the conference ended at the German
Flats. You said, brothers, let us both endeavour to keep
peace that we may continue to enjoy its blessings. We
desire not that you should trouble yourselves in the least
with these disputes between us and those over the great
waters ; only exert yourselves in maintaining the covenant
that was made between your and our forefathers at this
place of our council fire. Your delegates told us at the
German Flats, that although you should be drove back
from the seacoast by your enemies, yet you would not ask
our aid.
Brothers of Albany farther attend — Two things more
you delivered at the German Flats. The first was this, that
we, the Oneida nation, should give a kind ear to your
speech ; you then produced two ancient belts of wampum,
one of twenty rows, which was the old covenant between
the whole Oneida nation and Quedel Gorah ; another that
was given by the Six Nations by the Indian called Kayin-
guaraghtoh, of the Seneca nation. You also said that these
belts should again be produced for the inspection of the
whole Six Nations at the intended council fire to be re-
kindled at Albany.
Brothers of Albany — We have now finished the princi-
pal subjects that passed between you and us, the Oneida
nation ; and we, all of us, the Six Nations, are here now
present to hear what has passed, and to prevent any false
reports that may be propagated by news carriers.
Brothers of Albany now attend, you also the commis-
sioners who are here present, lend your ears and hear our
voice — You, our brothers of Albany, have desired the senti-
ments of the Six Nations. We, the Six Nations, and our
allies which extend to Detroit, Ohio and Cagnawagas,
upon our first hearing the bad news that circulated along
the eastern shore of this island, assembled and resolved
upon a union amongst us Indians and to maintain peace,
and we rejoice that nothing more has been asked of us ;
there is nothing different in our minds than what we have
now told. We shan't take notice of any hostile proposi-
tions that may be made to us, for we bear an equal pro-
portion of love to you and the others over the great waters,
in the present dispute, and we shall remain at peace and
smoke our pipes; and the Six Nations will always keep
[Vol. n.j 15
the path open ; and we call God to witness to the truth of
what we now say, and it proceeds from our hearts. A
belt of eight rows.
Brothers of Albany now attend and incline your ears to
what we have now to say — 'We, the Six Nations, have heard
the voice of a bird called Tskleleli, a news carrier, that
came among us. It has told us that the path at the western
communication by Fort Stanwix would be shut up, either
by the one party or the other. Brothers, let it not be, and
let the communication be open for passing and repassing ;
and let not our country be stained with blood ; and be
always compassionate to the old women ; and let the young
ones grow up and enjoy the blessings of peace. Brothers,
let not that passage be shut up by you, but confine your-
selves to the dispute to the eastward, for this western com-
munication lies near our council fire, and the consequences
might be fatal. Indeed, brothers, your language and Colo.
Guy Johnson's coincides in some things with one another ;
and the party that applies to us to shut up that passage, we
will look upon as deceivers and transgressors ; and we de-
spise a double dealer from our hearts ; and whom we look
upon, God Almighty will hereafter punish as such. And
we hope that when you give your answer, you will speak
from the integrity of your hearts, as we now have done.
A belt of fifteen rows.
Brothers of Albany attend — The Five Nations just now
said they would open their minds in full to you ; they would
tell you every thing they brought with them. This belt
respects the letter Guy Johnson received from General
Gage concerning the removal of the ministers from among
us. Our father, the minister who stands here, we love.
We love him exceedingly. Perhaps in a little time he may
be wrested from us — carried off like a prisoner. Our hearts
tremble for him — we tremble greatly. He has been threat-
ened ; and should he be taken, it might overthrow the
whole Five Nations. Our brothers, the white people,
would perhaps say that the Oneida nation had delivered up
their minister, and that the Six Nations did not regard their
missionaries. But truly we regard our father, the minister
and missionaries ; therefore we propose to your considera-
tion whether it be not wise that the missionaries retire for
a little while, particularly our father. The minister, Mr.
Kirkland, should reside a short space with his family, as
we hope this quarrel cannot subsist long, because you are
brothers, both of one nation and blood, and we hope it
will soon be settled ; and when a reconciliation takes place,
let our missionaries immediately return to us. This how-
ever we refer to your consideration and leave at your plea-
sure. Now brethren we have unburdened our minds and
opened our bosoms and delivered what we had to say.
To which at the request and by the approbatioVi of the
commissioners, we made the following reply :
Brothers of the Six Nations —
We thank you tor your speech. The commission-
ers appointed by the twelve United Colonies and with our
consent, will first transact business with you ; after they
liave done we will answer your speech.
Alba.w Committee Chamber, \
Sept. 2n(l, 1775. J
Resolved, That an invitation be immediately sent to the
commissioners of Indian affairs, desiring their attendance
at the Presbyterian Meeting House, this morning at eleven
o'clock, as this board will then answer the speech of the
Indians.
The committee at the time appointed, repaired to the
Meeting House, and there delivered in the presence, and
with the consent and approbation of the commissioners,
the following answer :
Brothers of the Six Nations —
We beg you will acquaint us when you are com-
plete.
Brothers — We suppose it will not be insisted upon to
repeat the whole of your speech, as we conceive it unnc-
58
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
cessary, and therefore shall only lake notice of the male-
rial parts.
Brothers — You said that you was glad to see us at this
place on the '25th August, in consequence of our invita-
tion, and that you was glad to see that some sparks of the
old council fire yet remained, and that you rejoiced even
to excess to find it so.
Brothers — We thank you for your kind congratulations
and salutations at meeting us here, and rejoice in the op-
portunity you have given us at this time of meeting one
another in friendship and peace, to talk of old times and
renew our ancient treaty.
Brothers — Wc are happy to find that you so readily ac-
cepted our request to come and see us, and that you have
had so much patience and behaved so orderly during your
short stay among us.
Brothers — At the conference of our deputies with you at
the German Flats, they shewed you some old belts of
wampum which you expressed a desire to see ; here are
those belts, and we hope even time will not wear them out.
This is the belt given by the Oneida Nation, and is the
old covenant between the whole Oneida Nation and Gorah
Queder — this is the belt that was given by the Indian called
Kayinguaraghtoh, in behalf of the Six Nations.
Brothers attend — In your speech you farther observed
that you had long since taken a resolution to take no active
part in the present contest for liberty. We do not offer to
censure you for your conduct, but admire your wisdom,
praise your pacific disposition and hope you will have for-
titude to maintain and persevere in it. A belt.
Brothers — You further said that the road to the west-
ward you heard by the bird was to be stopped up. This
matter is beyond our limits. The commissioners of the
twelve United Colonies having spoken to you at large
about the roads, that they shall be left open. We entirely
agree with them in this, and therefore shall add nothing on
this point, and return the belt.
Brothers — You said further, and delivered us this belt,
that you were anxious about and concerned for your minis-
ter, Mr. Kirkland; and asked our advice about his remaining
among you, who we do not see you should be deprived of,
with out your consent, any more than the Mohawk tribe
should be deprived of their missionary. We highly approve
of your concern for the ministers of the Gospel, and your
attachment for the pure precepts and doctrine of Christi-
anity. But if your minister is removed, we should fear
the consequence ; it would certainly give occasion of jea-
lousy to your brethren the white people, that you Indians
were not well disposed. Therefore it is our ardent wish
that they may all remain among you as your teachers and
instructors in virtue, piety and true religion ; and we hope
you may benefit and profit by their instruction. A belt.
Brothers — Before any commissioners were appointed by
the twelve United Colonies ; from the disagreeable condi-
tion of our country and the ancient friendship and alliance
subsisting between us, commenced in the days of your an-
cestors and our forefathers, we took upon us, as the repre-
sentatives of the people of the city and county of Albany,
to give you an invitation to pay us a friendly visit, that we
might have an opportunity of seeing you here, at the place
where the first fire was kindled, that we might rake up the
old ashes and not suffer it to extinguish, but renew the old
covenant chain, and make it shine with brighter lustre.
Brothers — We are happy to find from your speech that
you still retain that affection for us, which a well founded
friendship will naturally produce, and which we hope from
our conduct towards you, is not unmerited. And we re-
joice to find that you feel for our distresses and lament the
unnatural quarrel of brethren, which you express so warm-
ly by a desire of an amicable settlement.
Brothers — Time will not permit us at present to men-
tion to you how and on what occasion the first covenant
was made between your and our forefathers. They had
never deserted you, but kept their covenants and agree-
ments with you, nor do we mean to act otherwise on our
part.
Brothers — This covenant afterwards improved upon, was
confirmed between you and us, in the year 1665, one year
after this country went over to the Crown of England.
Since this you have from time to time admitted into your
chain the Tuscaroras, and most, if not all, the twelve
United Colonies.
Brothers — There are five gentlemen commissioners ap-
pointed by the twelve United Colonies at the grand council
at Philadelphia. The management of the public business in
the Indian department now belongs to them. These gentle-
men have informed you of the nature of the dispute be-
tween Great Britain and this country, and testified their
desire of keeping up the council fire between us.
Brothers — We know it is customary at the renewal of
any covenants between us, that a present should follow. We
now make it known to you that the goods you will receive
of the commissioners of the twelve United Colonies, are
partly ours. We pay our proportionable part towards them,
so that what you receive from them, is from us also. We
are the same ; there is no distinction.
Brothers — If our memory does not fail us, we think that
when we invited two or three of each of our brethren, the
Six Nations, to come down here, we also desired that you
would acquaint us what had passed in the Congress held
at Oswego, (which, as yet, we know nothing of.) You say
indeed that you are glad we are peaceably inclined, as well
as Colo. Johnson ; but you have told us nothing else what
was transacted there, which we had expected, and do wish
that our brothers conceal nothing from us, especially as
you called God to witness for the truth of what you
said.
Brothers of the Six Nations, and you the Mohawks in
particular. — We apprehend the bird Tskeleleli has been
busy again : he seems to be a mischievous bird and ought
not to be nourished or entertained. In your answer to the
commissioners, you addressed yourselves to the inhabitants
of Albany, complaining that they had taken from you two
pieces of land without giving the value of a pipe of tobac-
co for it, and that you desired they would restore you to
the peaceable possession of them ; and that the commis-
sioners would look into this matter and afford you relief.
The land you speak of we suppose to be Ticonderoga.
Brothers — This is a matter foreign to the business we
met upon, and we are not authorized nor qualified to enter
upon the subject — it is a business that belongs to the
corporation of Albany ; yet as we may be considered ^the
representatives of the people at large, our entire silence
may be construed into guilt of the heavy charge fixed upon
us. For your satisfaction as well as of the audience, we
will endeavour to show that the accusation is groundless,
by a few remarks. The lands alluded to are granted by
the charter of Albany. We never heard that any of your
nation have been dispossessed or driven off these lands,
but you hitherto have and still enjoy these lands without
the least interruption.
Brothers — As we observed before, the matter cannot
properly come before us, but belongs to another body and
therefore the application to us is improper. However, give
us leave to say, that instead of complaining, we think the
Mokawks, if they considered their own interest and that
of their posterity, and would be candid, must acknow-
ledge the truth of the fact and rejoice at this day, that
they have had such faithful guardians and trustees. For
if it had not been so, who would have enjoyed these lands
now. There have been complaints concerning this matter
before, and inquiries into it before proper tribunals ; and for
your information and that of the curious, we refer to the
proceedings of the House of Assembly of this Colony,
and also to the minutes taken on a conference between the
corporation of this city and yourselves, at which Sir Wil-
liam Johnson was present, and therefore return you the
belt.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
59
To which they returned the following answer, by Abra-
ham, Chief of the Mohawks, speaker :
Brothers of Albany — We return you thanks for your
speech, and that you have informed us that the twelve
United Colonies by their commissioners have opened all
the roads, and we now take for granted that the com-
munication at Fort Stanwix is not to be shut up, and that
the New-England people never will do it. This, brethren,
has been the occasion of some anxiety in the minds of the
Six Nations.
Brothers of the Six Nations attend, you also the people
of Albany, and you the twelve United Colonies by your
commissioners^Last spring Colo. Johnson informed us
that the New-England people were near him to take him
prisoner, upon which we like people intoxicated, took up
our guns and run to assist him, as he was our superinten-
dent. But brethren as it happened in the manner before
mentioned, we hope you will look upon it in that light.
We the Six Nations have now made and renewed our an-
cient covenants. The proceedings just now mentioned
have brought me down. I have made a proper acknow-
ledgement to the Six Nations and now do the same to you,
and hope you will raise me up again. The news I was
just speaking of, came not from a bird, but from your own
people.
Brothers of Albany, farther attend — I shall only make a
short reply to your speech relating to the lands. Many
agreeable things are therein. You farther say that you
never heard that any of us were drove off those lands.
There is one thing in which was not so agreeable — it is
the Tskleleli. You, brothers, know how that matter is,
and in case I was to answer that part of your speech, it
might perhaps draw us into an argument ; and as you are
not, as you say, the proper body to which we ought to
have applied, and as you have referred us to former pro-
ceedings, we shall close.
Brothers of Albany — We, the Six Nations, now tell
you that it is at your pleasure to call on us, and we will
inform you of what passed in the Congress at Oswego.
chairman's reply.
Brothers of the Six Nations — We are now ready to
hear it, and should be glad you would inform us.
Brothers of Albany — You sent for us to inform you
of what passed at Oswego; but you have not, since we
have been down, desired it. We have always been ready.
And as you have not asked us, we will now tell you, and
think it our duty, as we look upon it that God will punish
us should we conceal any thing from you.
Brothers — The transactions of that treaty were very
public. The Shawanese were there, and some from Detroit.
Mr. Johnson told us that the fire kindled there was a fire
of peace ; that all the white people were the King's sub-
jects, and that it seemed they were intoxicated. Mr.
Johnson also told us, that the white people were all got
drunk, and that God's judgment hung over them, but did
not know on which side it would fall. Mr. Johnson far-
ther told us, that the council fire was kindled on account
of the present dispute, and desired us not to interfere, as
wc were brothers, and begged of us to sit still and main-
tain peace. This is what Colo. Johnson told us at that
council fire. He also said he had his eye on Mr. Kirk-
land ; that he was gone to Philadelphia and along the sea-
coast ; that he was become a great soldier and a leader.
"Is this a minister?" says he. " Do you think your minis-
ter minds your souls ? No, by the time he comes to Phila-
delphia he will be a great warrior, and when he returns
he will be the chief of all the Five Nations."
Brothers — There were present, five people of Detroit,
five from Cagnawaga, and two of the Shawanese. Colo.
Johnson told them, that by the time he returned from Ca-
nada, they should have all their men there, and he would
then kindle a council fire ; and desired them also not to
take any part in this dispute, as it was a quarrel between
brothers. Mr. Johnson also told them, that this council
fire was kindled upon peace ; and that it seemed, by rea-
son of the white people's intoxication, that God's judgment
hung over them. He also told us, that he was going to
the Governor of Canada, who was of a different opinion
from him, but would talk with him ; and farther said, that
he would tell the Cagnawaga Indians the same he told us ;
and for that purpose, desired that two of each nation might
go along and hear it. He likewise desired us to consider
which way we would have our trade ; whether up this
river or from Canada. He, at the same time, assured us,
that we should not suffer for want of goods, as we were
not concerned, nor had any hand in the present dispute.
He also mentioned something about the council fires.
He said, " there are two fires, which you will keep your
eyes upon ; and if they call you down to Albany, do not
you go, for they will deceive you, and tell you a great
many fine stories."
We are very glad that your language and Colo. John-
son's so well agrees.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
Ncw-Marlborough, Augt. 22, 1775.
Honble. Gentlemen — Agreeably to your order of the
last, the militia company of the precinct of New-
Marlborough, (being the northeast district of said precinct,)
assembled at the house of Zephaniah Woolsey, in said
district, on the 19th of this instant, and made choice of the
following officers living in said district, for the officers of
their militia, by plurality of the voices of the soldiers of
said company, to wit, Mr. Jacob Wood, captain ; Mr.
Jeremiah MacKey, first lieutenant ; Mr. Nathaniel Good-
speed, second lieutenant ; Mr. John Knowlton, ensign.
We are, with the utmost esteem.
Your very humb. servts.
JOSEPH MORY,
SOLOMON WARING,
Two of the Committee of said Precinct.
To the Honble. Philip V. B. Livingston,
President of the Honourable Provincial
Congress, now sitting in New- York.
[Letter from Edwd. Fleming, setting forth his desire of declining to
serve as lieutenant-colonel in Colo. Clinton's regiment.]
New-York, 1st July, 1775.
Sir — I was yesterday congratulated by a member of
your body, on being appointed a lieutenant-colonel to Col.
Clinton's battalion for Ulster county. I beg, sir, to return
my thanks to the Congress for the notice they have been
pleased to take of me ; but as I have a family residing in
town, and as all my property (which is by no means in-
considerable) lies in this city and county, I conceive that
my presence is absolutely necessary for their preservation
and safety, and that it would be extremely imprudent in me
to leave them and go to Ulster county for the purpose of
superintending the raising and disciplining troops, &c. for
Colonel Clinton's regiment. These, with other considera-
tions, sir, induces me to decline the acceptance of the ap-
pointment. When the day of trial comes, and that I have
secured my family in some place of safety, I shall not be
slack in proving myself a man and good citizen, and be
ready to go wherever the exigency of afl'airs may require
for the preservation of our common rights and privileges.
In the meantime shall not be wanting to the public in ren-
dering such services as my small abilities will afford.
I have the honour to be, with great respect, sir, yours
and the Congress's
Most obedt. and very hble. servt.
EDWARD FLEMING.
To Peter Van Bavou Livingston, Esqr.
60
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from John Alsop, Esqr. relating to blankets.]
Philadelphia, 'ird July, 1775.
Gent. — Your favour of 28th ult. I received, respecting
some blankets. In answer, a friend of mine has a quantity
at Maryland with some strands and other Indian goods,
which he chooses to sell altogether. They are ordered
here as soon as they arrive. He will give the invoice,
which I shall lay before the Congress, as I suppose they
will purchase the whole. Shall iisform them of number of
blankets wanted by you ; but I fear tliere is not so many as
you stand in need of.
I am, with respect, gent.
Your very hble. servt.
JOHN ALSOP.
Pursuant to the recommendation of the Provincial Con-
gress at New-York to William Nicoll, Esqr. Mr. Richard
Willets and me directed, I have made a tender of the en-
closed association, &c. to those persons who declined sign-
ing it at our town meeting ; and the names of sucli as still
decline to sign it are returned herewith.
ISAAC THOMPSON.
hlip, 29th June, 1775.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Ksqr.
President of Ihe Congress at New- York.
[Letter from George Fisher, praying for a military command. 1
New-York, June 6lh, 1775.
Gentlemen — As I have ever been heartily attached to
the cause of my country, so am I now ready to engage in
the defence of its rights ; and as I understand troops are
soon to be raised in tliis Province, I think it a duly incum-
bent on me, to offer my service. Should you think proper
to confide in me, I shall study to conduct myself so as to
merit your approbation. Should the recommendations
which I can obtain, incline you to employ me on this oc-
casion, T flatter myself, the destitute condition in which I
must leave my family, (having lost my all by the late
dreadful fire at my house,) will dispose you to bestow such
an appointment as will enable me to provide for them.
I am, with the greatest respect, gentn.
Your most humb. servt.
GEORGE FISHER.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
for the Province of New- York.
[Major Wm. Williams, Major Benjn. Waite, Joab Hoisington, their
cheerful offer to accept of the commissions of colonel, lieut. colonel
and major.]
Sir — We, subscribers, beg leave most humbly to show,
that being deeply impressed with the great importance of
having a regiment duly prepared at the least notice, in
this county, in order to keep under proper subjection, re-
gulars, Roman Catholics, and the savages at the northward;
as also, to be ready, at all times, to defend our rights and
privileges against Ministerial tyranny and oppression.
Seeing hostilities have already commenced, and the sword
is actually drawn in order to enforce certain tyrannic and
arbitrary acts of the British Parliament, replete with hor-
ror and repugnant to every idea of British freedom ; we,
the loyal inhabitants of this county, glowing with true
martial ardour, and willing, with the utmost cheerfulness
and alacrity, to unsheath the sword in defence of the lives
and properties of the good people of this ancient and truly
respectable patriotic Colony of New- York, beg leave to
offer our service in the defence of this Province and Ame-
rica in general. We, therefore, with due submission,
propose, cheerfully and with the utmost gratitude, to ac-
cept (if the Honourable Congress shall think proper) com-
missions from this Honourable Provincial Congress, viz.
colonel, lieutenant-colonel and major.
We determine to be entirely under the command and
orders of the Honourable Provincial Congress, hoping we
shall truly merit the favours of said Congress, and be
useful instruments in serving this ancient and honourable
Colony of New-York, as also the common, grand Ameri-
can cause.
Sir, your assisting us in this our humble request, and
presenting to us the above mentioned commissions, would
much oblige
Your most obedient humble servants.
N. B. We hope to raise a regiment of good, active, en-
terprising soldiers in this county, which we hope will re-
flect honour on this Colony. The arrangement of said
commissions, we desire might be according to the follow-
ing order : Major William Williams, our Delegate, to be
first colonel ; Major Benjamin Waite, lieut. colonel ; and
Capt. Joab Hoisington, major.
WM. WILLIAMS,
BENJN. WAITE,
JOAB HOISINGTON.
Westminster, June 9lh, 1775.
To the Honourable the President of the
Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Benjamin Lindsay to the Committee of New- York, and
sent into the Congress.]
Capt. Benj. Lindsay acquaints the gentlemen of the
committee that he arrived here yesterday from Providence,
and has brought with him a letter to the committee ; and
informs them that application having been made to him by
the committee and people of that town, to bring back with
him a load of flour and other necessaries, of which they
stand much in need, and for the former are at present much
necessitated, owing to the uncommon large supplies that
town has contributed to the Provincial army. And Capt.
Lindsay can assure the committee, from repeated trials,
he can go and come from that place, through the back part
of Narraganselt, so as entirely to evade the vigilance of
the men of war stationed at Newport, besides his being
well manned and completely armed, and able to resist any
attacks from their boats or other ways. He, therefore, re-
quests the concurrence of the committee ; as also, to take
on board a parcel of flour and other necessaries that Mr.
Curtenius informs him he has in care for the poor of Bos-
ton, and which may easily be forwarded by land to the
Provincial camp, Mr. Curtenius having applied to him for
that purpose.
New-York, 7ih June, 1775.
To the Committee of the city of New- York.
[Letter from John Meeks, soliciting an appointment.]
I, John Meeks, a native and inhabitant of the city of
New-York, being ready and willing to defend the rights
and privileges of North America, do offer myself to serve
in the Continental army, and in the battalion now raising
in the city and county of New-York ; assuring you, sir,
that if I am appointed an officer in the said forces, that
an exertion of my utmost endeavours to render my country
every service, and upon every occasion, will be the inten-
tion of him who is, with great respect, sir,
Your most obedient and most humble servant,
JOHN MEEKS.
New-York, 2Ath July, 1775.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
[A certificate from Jonas Bellows, Lieutenant in Capt. Denton's com-
pany, wishing to resign.]
These may certify that whereas 1 have given encourage-
ment to serve as second lieutenant under Captain Denton,
and on further consideration, and by the advice of some of
my neighbors, and the circumstances of my family, if
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
61
there can be any other person that is thought fit to serve in
my place, I should choose to resign.
Given under my hand, this 15th day of July, 1775.
JONAS BELLOWS.
Kingston, July 7th, 1775.
We received with great pleasure the resolves of your
honourable Board respecting the militia of this Colony,
being well persuaded that putting it under due regulations
and discipline, will afford the Colony the greatest security
in this time of public calamity. We are sensible of the
necessity, therefore, of complying with the measures re-
commended in your resolves ; while we are extremely
sorry that for want 'of being ahttle more particular and ex-
plicit, people differ in their sentiments about the mode they
are to pursue, which has already occasioned much warmth,
and we fear unless prevented by an explanatory resolve by
your honourable body, may create still greater confusion and
troubles to the injury of the common cause. In order that
you may understand wherein we differ in the construction
on your said resolve, we beg leave to propose the following
queries, the solving of which we would fain hope will give
general satisfaction and restore us to our former harmony,
to wit :
1st. Is it intended by the advice to the inhabitants to
form themselves into companies, if necessary, that they
should elect their officers, or continue to serve under the
ofl&cers appointed by government, if they are well affected
to the common cause.
2nd. If the inhabitants are to elect their officers up to a
captain, how are the field officers to be appointed — at the
election of the companies at large, or by the subaltern offi-
cers ?
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedient servcmts,
By order of the committee of the town of Kingston.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT, Chairman.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq. President
of the Provincial Congress of New- York.
Stanford, June 24th, 1775.
Sir — I had the good fortune this morning to intercept
the following letter, which a regard to my country induces
me to transcribe for your honours' perusal.
And I am, sir, your's,
JOHN HART, JuNR.
New-York, mk June, 1775.
Sir — The republicans by their oliverian, Jesuitical and
wicked practices and plots, have at length brought this
country nigh to ruin; and His Most Gracious Majesty's true
friends are plunged into a situation I do not very well like.
I tremble for the consequences ; it is what I never expected.
But sir, if I may use a vulgar expression, we had as good
be hanged for an old sheep as a lamb. Many of the friends
to government have been rewarded with pensions and places,
and doubt not but that you will make one of that number,
if you persevere and continue to be as faithful as you have
been. The insults of the vulgar I know you despise. Self
preservation has dictated to us a piece of policy, which it
may be well for you to practise. We at present are all
whigs, and by our nominal profession mean to conceal our
real principles and intentions, and abate the fiery zeal of
the pretended patriots and lovers of their country, as they
falsely style themselves, until the arrival of the King's
troops which we hourly expect, and have been promised by
our friends at home ; which will give us an opportunity bold-
ly to throw off the mask, and to act vigorously in support of
the rightful authority of His Majesty and the Parliament
of Great Britain, over as wicked and vile a brood of
rebels as ever disgraced any country under heaven. Then
shall we enjoy our day of triumph and exultation over the
vermin that have insulted, persecuted and derided us.
[Vol. II.] 16
Here will be a place of safety and asylum for you to fly
to, and find safety in case the storm should increase around,
and threaten you with destruction. Here would I invite
you with all your good friends, for I make no doubt but the
King's troops will repel your cowardly, base Connecticut
poltroons, the rebel army, and slaughter them by hundreds
if ever they should be so impudent as to risk a battle with
disciplined, experienced and regular troops. McDonald
being seized and sent to your army of saints at Greenwich,
gives me not a little anxiety. I hear he has made some
discovery, and I fear he will be compelled to make more
by the rebels, unless we rescue him seasonably, which we
have in view. The first of July at midnight is the time
appointed for his deliverance, if you can procure ten or
twelve of the lower sort of those you know to be well affect-
ed to government in such manner as to keep yourself under
covert, we will send about as many more to meet them
at the goal in Fairfield, where I understand he is. A
word to the wise is sufficient. My hand writing you
know ; I shall not, therefore, affix my name. I have taken
such a method to convey this that I think there is no dan-
ger of its being intercepted.
I am, sir, your huml. servant,
INCOG.
P. <S. If you send negroes they will do, as they are well
affected to our cause.
To Dr. Carrington.
Tryon County, July 15, 1775.
Gentlemen — The persons appointed by your Congress
to be the officers to a company to be raised in this county
having declined and returned their warrants to this com-
mittee, we beg leave to recommend Christopher P. Yates
to be captain, Andrew Finch, Junr. and John Keyser, Junr.
to be the lieutenants of the said company, who have ac-
cepted of the same, and by the request of this committee
have begun to enlist their men. Permit us to observe, that
they are well affected to American liberty, and are compe-
tent to the task. We therefore beg that you will approve
of them and send them new warrants.
We are, gentlemen, with great esteem.
Your very humble servants.
By order of the committee,
NICOLAS HERCHKIEMER,
Chairman pro tern.
To the Provincial Congress of New- York.
Warrensborough, 4th July, 1775.
These may inform you that I received your letter from
New-York, second instant. I also received a letter from
Mr. Daniel Lane on the 28th June, but could not do any
thing in it at that time by reason of the post being so near
shut, which I must, as I can't get assistance to help me,
embrace this opportunity, but shall soon use my endea-
vours for that purpose. As to the people who have signed
where I live, there is only one, to wit, John Snuke. Those
that have not signed which have been asked, is the Revrd.
John Stuart and Henry Hare. We also hear from Oneida
that the Indians will not join with Col. Guy, nor have any
thing to do with him ; also, that Abrm. C. Cuyler, mayor
of Albany, has gone up to Oswego under pretence of col-
lecting some outstanding debts, but we did not put so much
trust in him ; as he had two loaded batteaux with him, and
sent word immediately to John Fry, Esqr. that we appre-
hended he had some stores for the enemy against America,
which John Fry, Esqr. sent word back, that their committee
should meet the next day at Van Alstine's for business.
From your most obedient and humble servts.
WM. SCHUYLER,
JAMES McMASTEN,
John Blevin, Clerk.
To John Marlatt, Esqr.
62
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
N. B. That after the above was wrote we received as
letter informing us that yesterday, at Abrm. Hodges', there
was a company of men met together; and in talking about
the troublesome times, Esqr. Peter Martin being present
amongst them, in cool blood told them that he had the
King's Proclamation from Govr. Gage, to offer any person
or persons who would recant from the association and sign
the King's Proclamation, should be pardoned. And he
expected soon to have all their estates to handle.
P. S. This may also inform you that Peter Bowen, on
Tripes Hill, refuses to sign the association, and Nicholas
Ross.
New-York, July the 9th, 1775, on board the Asia.
Gentlemkn — The enclosed is a copy of a letter I wrote
to Major Hamilton, which I understand has fell into my
fellow citizens' hands, who have taken umbrage at the
same. Not thinking myself safe on shore, I made His
Majesty's .ship Asia the place of my refuge, where I still
am. If my crime should not be unpardonable, would be
glad to return to my family, which I dare not without your
goodness and approbation.
I am, gentlemen, at your command,
Your distressed humble servant.
ROBERT WILKINSON.
I am 51 years of age.
To the Honourable the members of the
Provincial Congress of New- York.
[Letter from Robert Wilkinson to Major Hamilton.]
Hon. Sir — This with submission I take the freedom to
write to you, is in condition that this city has obliged all
people to take up arms against His Majesty. But this is
to satisfy that I have land in England, which, were I to
take arras, is forfeited to the crown. It lies in Lincoln
city. I lived 6 years with the late Duke of Argyle and 8
years with Earl Stanhope, in Kent. If a place in the cus-
toms or army, that I could be of any service to His Ma-
jesty, I am at your command ; for I never will fire at my
natives. I was sworn to His Majesty, and under arms in
the rebellion in Scotland, and in the militia under Lord
Ruraley in Kent, to which I served His Majesty the se-
cond time. To which I set my hand with submission.
ROBERT WILKINSON.
This is the copy of the letter which fell into the hands
of my fellow citizens, directed " To Robert Wilkinson, at
Mr. Blacks, master builder, in John-street, New-York, and
now on board the Asia."
[Letter from S. Patrick offering to cast iron cannon ball.]
Orange Furnace, July 3, 1775.
Hon. Sirs — The subscriber having a furnace in New-
York Province now in blast, would engage to make and de-
liver iron ball of any given dimensions, any where on the
North river where he can with safety land them, at fifteen
pounds per ton. And as the furnace is in blast, he would
execute any order he might be favoured with, expeditiously.
And am, gentlemen.
Your humble servant,
S. PATRICK.
To the Provincial Congress at New-York.
New-Haven, June 11th, 1775.
Honourable Gentlemen — You remember that on the
1 6th of June last, I saw you at Mr. Jonathan Roots, in
Southington, in Farmington. You remember you gave me
an invitation to go into the New- York service at Crown
Point, if you should raise men for that service. I have
heard nothing from you since, from which I conclude that
your scheme hath proved abortive ; if so, please to let me
know as soon as you can ; and further, if you are about to
raise men, if you have room for another company, I will
serve you with hundred of as good men as ever layi n a
camp. As I have settled on going, I have a great many
men ready, and could raise one hundred of the best of
men in one week. If you are not going, please to let
it be known to the gentlemen of the Provincial Congress
of New York, that I stand ready to serve them with the
greatest pleasure imaginable. I should be glad to do it
soon, for the sake of getting men.
From your humble servant,
ASA BRAY.
P. S. You remember that I belong to Southington, in
Farmington, and as I am a captain at home, I shall ex-
pect nothing better or worse than that berth.
Yours,
ASA BRAY.
[A letter from Gilbert Drake, Chairman of the Committee of West-
chester county, with the return of the officers of the militia elected.]
White Plains, August 31, 1775.
Sir — I enclose you a list of the officers in Westchester
county, except for the borough of Westchester, manor of
Fordham and West Farms, (made into one beat by the
committee of this county.)
The members of the committee from Westchester, not
having made any return of their oflScers, I am unable to
furnish you with their names.
Would be glad the commissions might be made out
as soon as possible, and those for the middle and upper
parts of the county sent to Michael Townsend, Esq. clerk
of the committee, who will forward them to the officers.
I am, sir.
Your most humble servant,
GILBERT DRAKE,
Chairman of the Committee.
Joii.v McKesson, Esq. Secretary of the
Provincial Congress of New- York.
[Letter from John Williams, at Albany, giving on account of his ta-
lents and experience as surgeon, and complaining of not being ap-
pointed to Col. Van Schaick's regiment.]
Albany, August 10th, 1775.
Sir — I arrived here in order to devise with Col. Van
Shaick, how the medicines were to be obtained for the use
of his battalion, and upon enquiry I found Mr. Stephen
McCrey, was appointed surgeon, at which I was greatly
surprised, as my name was entered in the arrangement at
the Provincial Congress, before their late adjournment.
Mr. Silvester acquaints me that all the surgeons were to
pass an examination, which I would very readily have un-
dergone. I can not discover whence the partiality has
arisen in regard to place one in my room after being al-
ready appointed, and had already planned my business ac-
cordingly.
As to my abilities, it is well known in this part of the
country, and my practice is very extensive, particularly in
surgery; and I have now a wounded man from Ticonderoga
under my care, which has been given over by the surgeons
there, and hope in a few days I shall discharge him per-
fectly sound.
I have walked St. Thomas' hospital in London, one
year, and can produce my diploma certifying the same,
which I look upon as sufficient recommendation to my ap-
pointment, exclusive of being first mate in a man of war.
I would have come down to York were it not for a
crowd of business interrupting me. However, if it is re-
quired, I will immediately repair to New- York, or be exa-
mined by the surgeons of those battalions who now are, or
to be at Ticonderoga.
Likewise, I have amputating and all kind of instruments
fit for a campaign.
I am, with great respect,
Your very humble servant,
JOHN WILLIAMS.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
63
[Peter Silvester's certificate, that Doct. John Williams was in nomi-
nation as a surgeon.]
When the report was made by the committee appointed
for the arrangement of officers in the New-York propor-
tion of Continental troops, to the best of my recollection,
I saw John William's name thereon as surgeon to the
Albany regiment. While the report was under conside-
ration, some person was proposed in the room of Mr.
Williams, which I objected to, upon the principle, that
Mr. Williams was one of that committee ; that it ought to
be presumed that the gentlemen who composed that com-
mittee, would not offer to nominate any person to such a
place of trust and confidence, unless they were satisfied
of his skill and abilities from their own knowledge, or the
recommendation of others ; and as he stood on the list of
nomination, and was then absent, it would not be civil
treatment to strike him off so hastily. It was then men-
tioned that he should not stand confirmed as surgeon with-
out a previous examination, which being reasonable, I
consented and approved of it. In this situation that matter
remained when the Congress adjourned, as far as I know
or believe ; and I know of no other appointment, change
or alteration of surgeon, untill I am now informed of it.
P. SILVESTER.
lOth Jugust, 1775.
[Doctor John William's letter, remonstrating against his not being ap-
pointed surgeon.]
Albany, Augt. 10th, 1775.
Respect. Sir — I am greatly surprised of my being
struck out of the arrangement, and do assure you I can-
not discover whence the partiaUty has arisen in regard to
place one in my room, after being already appointed, and
planned my business accordingly. General Montgomery
gave the colonel orders to write to me last week, on sight of
which I came down here. But he hath since received the
arrangement with Mr. McCray in my room ; a man just
out of his time, without the experience of practical know-
ledge. I have been at a great expense in getting ready,
and have now some wounded men belonging to Ticonde-
roga, under my care. It would be a great advantage, both
to me and to the battalion, as my house is so nigh the fort,
where I keep a large supply of medicines of every kind.
I have been with the Genl. Montgomery this morning,
who informs me he will write to you on the subject.
Likewise, the colonel is much surprised, as the battalion
is chiefly those who I now practice for.
I have wrote a letter to Mr. McKesson to deliver in
Congress, and desire your serious consideration on the
same.
I am, with great respect,
Your very humb. servt.
JNO. WILLIAMS.
P. S. I have been with the doctors in this town, to be
examined, who dechne, unless they were appointed so to
do ; and likewise my practice extends through the major
part of the people raised for this battalion.
New-York, August 22d, 1775.
Sir — My last was the 26th June, wrote on board the
transport in which the gentlemen of your regiment went,
and being put into the care of Capt. Payne, make no
doubt of your having got it, since which not only a trans-
port, but the Neptune armed schooner is arrived from
Boston, and not a line from you, which is highly displeas-
ing to me, and I think very unfriendly ; as I am confident
in the 300 days you might have prevented my advancing
my own money for the draft I accepted to pay at that long
usance for you.
The woman has been with me, to whom I have paid
the belter part of her demand. I drew on you in favour
of Mr. Lloyd, but imagine the draft was wrong, liaving
counted on 10 guineas instead of £10 stg. whicli observe
your draft on me to be ; therefore have by this conveyance,
desired Mr. Lloyd to regulate that affair, and that on re-
ceipt of £10 stg. and £2 17s. 9d. currency from you, to
give you a receipt in full.
You know, sir, my situation very well ; my expensive
family, and the great loss I must needs sustain on all
hands, by the exigency of the times ; therefore, beg you
will, on receipt hereof, lodge into the hands of my friend,
the above mentioned money, and oblige, sir.
Your friend and humb. servt.
JOSEPH ALLICOCKE.
P. S. I had an opportunity of seeing your daughter :
she is a very fine child ; and from appearances, the mo-
ther is very fond and careful of it.
Lieut. BuTKicKE.
New-York, 20th Augt. 1775.
Gentlemen — We are informed that by a resolve of
your House, no provision can be loaded or sent from hence
without your permission. We, ever willing invariably to
abide by every measure adopted that may be thought ne-
cessary and conducive for the good of society, think it our
duty at this time to inform you, that a considerable time
ago we had orders from a house at Madeira to send them
a vessel load of wheat, Indian corn, rye, flour, staves, &c.
In comphance with this order, about six weeks ago began
buying wheat, flour, &c. and stored, and now half loaded.
Must also acquaint you that eight days ago a vessel ar-
rived from Scotland, the owners of which have given or-
ders to load with wheat for Barcelona; and in consequence
of, have purchased and stored, and have more engaged, so
that both vessels could sail this week. Would be glad to
know what is requisite for us to do, as we are willing to
give every satisfaction in our power ; and the captains, on
their part, will bind themselves to carry the vessels where
destined.
We remain your most hum. servts.
W. & T. BUCHANAN & Co.
To the President and Members of the Congress
for the Colony of New- York.
Providence, August 2\st, 1775.
Sir — The committee of inspection for this town have
been applied to by Messrs. Clark and Nightingale, mer-
chants here, to give them letters of recommendation to the
committee of New- York, requesting liberty to import a
quantity of flour and other provisions for the use of this
town and for the American army. x\s we doubt not but
these gentlemen will take every prudent step for this pur-
pose, we recommend it to your body to grant them or their
order, permission to ship any quantity they may want at
this lime ; and if any other article may be wanted, you
will, we make no doubt, give them every assistance they
may require in procuring and shipping the same for this
place. Your compliance with this request, will greatly
oblige, sir,
Your most humble servants,
NICHOLAS COOKE,
Chairman of said Committee.
JOHN SMITH,
DAN. TILLINGHAST,
Committee of Safety.
To the Chairman of the Committee of
Inspection for New-York.
Ncu-York, mh Augt. 1775.
Sir — Having received a letter by the last post from
Providence, in Rhode-Island, accompanied with another
from the committee of said town, directed to the chairman
of the committee of the city of New-York, requesting
liberty to ship to that place a quantily of flour and other
provisions for the use of that town and the Provincial
army, by Capt. Lindsay and Capt. Joseph Witney, who
64
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
are well provided to carry the same with safety. Capt.
Lindsay wails on you for permission for the said two ves-
sels to load, and for which, agreeably to the desire of that
committee, I also request the approbation and concurrence
of the Congress.
I am your humble servt.
SAM. BURLING.
To the President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
New-York, August 28, 1775.
Gentlemen — We have a vessel loading for a foreign
port, which is cleared out at the custom-house. Her cargo
to consist of three thousand bushels of rye, which we have
purchased ; the proceeds of which, with what bills we mean
to send, we intended to have laid out in articles that will
be much wanted by this Continent. Should take it as a
particular favour if you would take this affair in your con-
sideration, and if agreeable, to grant us a permit to finish
loading and to proceed to sea.
We are, with esteem, gentlemen.
Your most obdt. servts.
JAS. & ALEXR. STEWART.
To the Provincial Congress of New- York.
New-York, August 1775.
Sir — I have laden on board my brig Patsy, Capt. Red-
ford Ashfield, four thousand bushels of Indian corn, which,
with one thousand bushels more and a few boards, will be all
her cargo ; with which cargo of Indian corn and lumber
the said brig is to proceed to the island of Madeira ; and
for the true performance of it, myself and the captain will
enter into any security required by the Honourable the
Provincial Congress. I therefore pray the Congress will
give me permission to take on board the remainder of my
cargo, which is bought already, and suffer the said brig
Patsy to depart with it to Madeira ; which will greatly
oblige yours and the Congress's
Most obed. humble servt.
V. PEARSE ASHFIELD,
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. President of
the Provincial Congress for the Colony of New-
York.
New-York, August 23(i, 1775.
Mr. Henry Lloyd :
Sir — I had the pleasure of writing to you the
26th of June last, under the care of Capt. Payne, of the
Royal Irish Fusileers ; since which, have not been fa-
voured with a line from you. I then took the liberty of
enclosing you a draft on Lt. Butricke, of that regiment, I
think for £2\ 7s. 9d. which was erroneous, as you will
perceive by an explanation in the enclosed, (you will
please, after perusal, to seal and dehver it,) so that when
he pays you £10 sterling and £2 17s. 9d. currency, be
good enough to give him a discharge in my behalf.
I have, by this conveyance, likewise taken the freedom
of desiring Capt. Payne to pay you £3 Os. 5^d. this currency.
If it differs a few shillings, whatever he may offer, either
under or over, you may, if you please, sir, give him a re-
ceipt in full.
Mr. Watts has been some time out of town, which has
prevented my knowing how you sped with the voucher for
488 rations, which he transmitted you, to be explained by
Major Hamilton who passed it. I long to know, for my
government.
I beg pardon, sir, for being so troublesome to you with
my trifling matters, and wish for an opportunity of offer-
ing you my best services in return.
I am, in haste, most respectfully sir,
Your obliged humble servant,
JOSEPH ALLICOCKE.
To Henry Lloyd, Esqr. Boston. '
Office of Ordnance, )
New- York, VZtU August, 1775. J
Sir— Since my letter to your Excellency, of the 31st
July, I have been honoured with yours of the 18th pre-
ceding, which has given nic much uneasiness, as it seems
to imply a remissness on my part, in not getting more of
the stores removed from hence, agreeably to your Excel-
lency's wishes. I must beg leave to observe, that I al-
ways used my utmost endeavours to comply with the
orders I received, as far as circumstances would admit ;
but the multiplicity of bulky articles shipped on board the
vessels, such as battering plank, boards, joists, bricks,
straw and many other particulars, belonging to different
departments, (the want of which was strongly urged to
me,) took up so much room, as to render it entirely out of
my power to forward a further quantity of ordnance stores.
Had the shipping ordered for that service, been in a proper
condition to have received their full load, I am well per-
suaded, there would not, in that case, have any thing re-
mained ; but as some of them, particularly the ship
Henry, had all her water, provisions, &c. on board, which
the master refused to disembark, I was, by that means,
prevented from sending many more articles, which I should
have otherwise certainly done.
If your Excellency will be pleased to order the several
bills of lading to be laid before you, or an account of the
many articles which were shipped from hence, on board
the different vessels, (exclusive of the ordnance stores,)
you will judge of the vast deal of room they must have
necessarily taken up on board these vessels, and which of
course prevented my forwarding those stores that have
since, so very unfortunately, fallen into the hands of the
rebels.
The brig Countess of Darlington arrived in the Sound,
a few miles above Turtle bay, on the 25th April, and had
I been permitted to have loaded her, should no doubt have
sent to Boston every species of stores I stood charged
with, (the largest sizes of shot and shells only excepted ;)
but the violent commotions which at that time prevailed
amongst the people, were such as to render it impossible,
and the vessel was obliged, for safety, immediately to de-
part, without my being able to put the least article on
board of her.
With respect to the saltpetre, it was at the time deposi-
ted at Turtle bay, where T conceived it to be equally se-
cure with the rest of His Majesty's property, and that
moving it might excite the jealousy of the people, who as-
siduously watched that no supplies might be sent to Bos-
ton. At this period, I had no idea of powder mills being
erected, or that they would even have the audacity to rob
and plunder the storehouses in the manner they have since
done ; their declared intention at the time being to prevent
all supplies going to Boston, that might enable your Ex-
cellency to act with greater effect against their brethren
and fellow subjects in New-England.
I entreat your Excellency, therefore, to believe me,
when I assure you, that every thing was done, which lay
in my power, towards expediting, and otherwise forward-
ing, the good of His Majesty's service.
I am, with the greatest respect, sir,
Your Excellency's most obdt. and most hum. seivt.
FRANCIS STEPHENS.
To His Excellency the Honourable
General Gage.
[Thomas Ash's intercepted letter to .Tohn Shaw.]
Boston, the 23d July, 1775.
Dear Sir — I arrived here in 4 days, my ship was only
2 days here before me. The account you had of the last
battle was pretty near the truth. There were 34 officers
'{illed, and about 700 private men. We are all surrounded
by the rebels, and they are fortifying themselves very
strongly. All the transports are arrived. The rebels
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
65
burned the lighthouse last week. We live all by suction
at present, having nothing to cat, I mean fresh. My com-
phments to Mrs. Shaw.
And am, sir,
Your hum. servt.
THOS. ASH.
P. S. I shall be glad to hear from you per first oppor-
tunity, and as much news as you can, together with some
newspapers.
To Mr. John Shaw, merchant, New- York.
[Doctor J. Mallett's letter to William Almon : he wants to secure some
of the medicine from the King's store.]
Sir — Relying on your discretion and prudence, I have
ventured to request your assistance in an aifair that I ima-
gine will require some dexterity to manage properly. I
want to have a few articles out of the medicine store put
on board Captain Vandeput's ship, to be sent here, if you
think it can be done so as not to be observed. You must
consult with Bowden about it, who has the care of them, and
I hope will meet with no difficulty in putting them into the
man of war's boat at Blundell's house, at noon day, to avoid
suspicion, a box of lint, two boxes pulv. peruvian, one
do. sal. glaub. tiie pot of camphor and what opium or extr.
thebaic ; and pulv. rhej. there is packed in another small
box. If you can't easily send all these articles, the box of
lint which is most wanted may be easily carried under the
arm, as also the camphor and opium. Scrape olf the
marks, and after it is on board, direct it for me at this
place : be cautious how you open the front part of the store.
I believe you will find the key at Mrs. Reid's, as Mrs.
Mallelt tells me she left all the keys with her. You will
leave them there again when you have got out the above
articles. I hope Bowden will take all the care he can
both of the medicines and bedding store, and give me im-
mediate notice if any one offers to meddle with them ; and
tell him from me that I will take care he shall be satisfied
for his trouble. If the key should not be there, must get
you to write to Mrs. Mallet or go up if necessary, to know
where it is put : I left them all in a drawer of my desk. I
dare say you will find them at Mrs. Reid's, as I know that
of the bedding store is there. Should be glad of a bale
or two of old sheets, but am afraid it will be difficult to get
them. Don't risk any thing, but first let ine know if it is
practicable to get them and several other articles I want
out of the medicine store, on some future occasion. Capt.
Kingston, who brings you this, has directions to find you
or Bowden, and give you all the assistance he can, and
will take care of whatever you give into his charge. There
is some lancets, needles, scalpels and pocket instruments,
in one of my drawers also ; if they could be got at, should
be glad they were sent here, but I fear Mrs. Mallet has
the keys in the country. Mr. Bruce will write to you on
this subject, to enjoin your transacting this business with
all imaginable precaution, and be assured you will in re-
turn meet with every thing to serve you in the power of
Your assured friend,
J. MALLET.
July 18th, 1775.
P. S. Desire Bowden to let me know if he has received
his last year's rent. Mrs. Mallet would pay him if he called
for it.
You must not forget to nail the boxes down you send.
[A letter from Wm. Smith, Esq. the Chairman of Suffolk county, re-
lating to stock.]
Suffolk county, Jlng. 22d, 1775.
Gentlemen — The committee of this county are now
met to give proper directions for taking the stock from
Gardner's and Plumb islands, according to your direction
of the 18th of this instant. It is with the greatest concern
that we find the troops at the cast end of this island arc
[Vol. II.] 17
ordered away ; whereby we shall be left defenceless.
General V^ooster was prevailed on, before the receipt of
your letter, to tarry with his troops a few days ; he is now
present with us, and lets us know that he purposes to de-
part to-morrow. There is now three cutters at the east
end of this island cruizing ; and we must beg leave to
inform you that the stock on Montaug, Shelter island and
Oysterpond point, will be in the utmost danger of falling
into the hands of the enemy, besides the constant alarms
and expense the inhabitants of this part of the county will
be exposed to, unless your Honourable House will take our
situation under your consideration, and allow us at least
such number of men as may be sufficient to secure those
parts from the depredations of the enemy. The compa-
nies raised here we presume will not disobey your orders ;
but we pray you to consider how destitute we shall be left
when our men are gone, our arms put into their hands and
carried from us. With the advice of General Wooster, we
have ventured to desire the captains not to march until we
can send an express to you to let us know whether we can
have any hopes of relief, and further we think, we cannot
at present get off the stock without a sufficient guard upon
the islands. General Wooster informs us that he had ad-
vice from Governor Trumbull, to return to New-York be-
fore he received your letter, and we cannot think it could
be the design of the Continental Congress, that this county
should be left in this situation. Col. Gardener of Plumb
island, says that Col. Abijah Willard, in the Ministerial
fleet, informed him that they should come again and would
bring a sufficient force to take the stock from Long is-
land.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servants,
By order.
WM. SMITH, Chairman.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, President of the
Provincial Congress of New York.
Mia, August 24, 1775.
Gentlemen — After the event of last night, I think it
necessary to inform you, that having had information that
it was intended by some people in New- York to take away
the guns from the Battery, which, as stores belonging to
the King, it was my duty to protect. I sent a boat to lie
near the shore to watch their motions. Soon after twelve
they began to remove the guns from the Battery, which
being observed by the officer in the boat, he left his station
to come on board to inform me thereof, but being perceived
from the shore, he was fired upon by a great many mus-
ketry, by which, one of the men in the boat was shot dead.
My duty called upon me to repel an act of this sort, as
well as to defend the guns, which occasioned me to fire
upon the Battery. I acquaint you of this, that the people
of the town may not imagine it is my intention to do them
any hurt, which I wish as much as possible to avoid ; but
if they will persist in behaving in such manner as to make
their safety and my duty incompatible, the mischief that
may arise must lie at their doors and not at mine. An
answer is desired.
1 am, gentlemen, your most obedt. humb. servi.
GEO. VANDEPUT.
To the Mayor and other magistrates
of the city of New- York.
Greenwich, 3 o'clock.
Mr. Livingston :
Sir — Just before my house was surrounded,
five or six people called on Mrs. Bayard and asked if Capt.
Fay was to dine here.
I have my house just now surrounded with a number of
armed men of the now levies. You will oblige mc to let
me know if they arc posted there by order of the Congress
66
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
or Committee, or what the meaning of it can be ; and you
will much obhge my family, who are greatly alarmed at it.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
WM. BAYARD.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Chairman of the Provincial Congress.
New-York, 22d Jugust, 1775.
Gentlemen — As a considerable uneasiness has arisen
in the company which you have honoured me with the
command of, in regard to their pay not being yet ascertain-
ed, and as it is customary in every country for the artillery
to have higher wages than the companies of foot, on ac-
count of their duty being more severe, I shall be extremely
happy if your honourable board will condescend to take
the matter into your immediate consideration, and make
such provision for paying them as will enable me to pro-
ceed with the men 1 have enlisted, to join General Schuy-
ler at Ticonderoga without delay. Should your honours
think it expedient to adopt the arrangement of Rhode-Island,
I must beg leave to point out a mistake or two, which I
conceive has arisen from inadvertence. The first is in re-
gard to the pay of the second lieutenant and lieutenant fire-
worker, which, by the above mentioned arrangement, is
not equal to the lieutenants in the other foot companies.
The second is, they have rated the bombardiers higher than
the sergeants, which is an impropriety ; but this appears
to me to have been owing to a mistake in copying. I have
nothing to add, and am, with greatest respect,
Gentlemen, your most humble servant.
JOHN LAMB.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress,
for the Colony of New- York.
Committee Chamber, )
Tryon county, August 12, 1775. s
Honourable Gentlemen — As we are entirely without
regulations for our committees, and especially how to act
against the transactions either in words or deeds of the ene-
mies of the association, and also against the transgressors
of our orders, either in military or civil matters; and ahke
how the expenses necessary for the purpose of the com-
mon cause shall be defrayed ; we apply therefore to )'ou
and request for your instructions as soon as possible, that
we may be able to proceed with authority to the preserva-
tion of peace and union in the common cause as need re-
quires, otherwise despise and other disturbances might soon
exist. We remain, with great esteem, and relying on your
despatching favour.
Honourable gentlemen, your obdt. hum. servts.
By order of the committee.
NICOLAS HERCHKEIMER,
Chairman pro tern.
To the Provincial Congress at New- York.
Fishkill, Dutchess County, August 19th, nib.
Sir — I began to enlist on Tuesday the 8th of this in-
stant, and my heutenant, Thomas Lee, began to enlist the
same time, and we have enlisted sixty men. Expect to have
our company ready for mustering by the last of next week.
And whereas my uncle Jacobus Swartwout was appointed
to muster the other companies raised in this county, it would
be very agreeable to me to have him appointed to muster my
company also. I have taken all the pains in my power to
give the honourable Congress satisfaction. As Saml. Van
Vechten is not agoing with me, and as Mr. Lee who was
to be my second lieutenant has exerted himself in the best
manner, I would beg that he might be appointed to be my
first lieutenant, and that Wm. B. Alger might be appoint-
ed to be my second lieutenant, being well persuaded that
it will give a general satisfaction.
And am, sir, your real huml. servant,
JAS. ROSEKRANS.
To P. V. B. Livingston, President.
Kingston, 15th August, 1775.
Dear Sir — Yours of the 13th instant I now have before
me, (which I have yesterday received on my way to Esopus)
and find that you have accepted the warrant and have en-
listed upwards of forty men. I also found that your desire
is to know whether 1 will accept the warrant or not, and
for answer, am willing to accept and shall use my utmost
endeavours to enlist men and send them down to you as
soon as possible. Am very glad that you condescend
to my enlisting a sergeant and corporal ; as for a fifer, he is
not to be got about this place, as I know of none at present,
but shall inquire and engage one if to be had. There was
a very good drummer at our place which I shall also en-
gage if he is not enlisted by the time I come home. If I
had been at home when I received your letter, I should
have come down with the bearer thereof to see and get
some acquaintance with you and Mr. Lee ; but now I can
not come before the middle of next week, for I will lose
no time before I have enlisted some men which I am
afraid will enlist with others if I do not make haste. I shall
give you further information when I come down, or before,
if I have opportunity.
I am, in great haste, sir, your most humble servt.
SAML. VAN VECHTEN.
N. B. Excuse all blunders, being in great haste.
The above is the original letter which I received from
Saml. Van Vechten, and delivered it to Jacobus Rosekrans.
As witness my hand this 19th August anno 1775.
WILLIAM CUER.
Dear Sir — These come to inform you that our Provin-
cial Congress has sent me a warrant in order to raise a
certain number of men to join the Continental troops to
engage in the cjuse of liberty, for the purpose of preserv-
ing our Constitution and opposing the execution of the
several arbitrary and oppressive acts of the British Parlia-
ment, &c. : and I find that the Congress has appointed
you to be my first lieutenant, which causes me, although
strangers to each other, to bear a natural aflfection towards
you. Myself and Thomas Lee, my second lieutenant,
began to enlist on Tuesday last, and have enlisted about
forty men. Should you undertake to go under me, I should
be glad to have you come and see me as soon as you con-
veniently can. Should also be glad if you could engage
a good fifer and a good drummer. Should you incline to
have the enlisting of a sergeant and corporal, I consent
to it. If you cannot come with the bearer hereof, you will
be so good as to send me an answer by him to every par-
ticular of the foregoing, and all such other advices and re-
monstrances as ycu shall think proper to send me. Your
favours shall greatly oblige
Your very humble servant,
JAS. ROSEKRANS.
Fishkill, August 13th, 1775.
To Mr. Samuel Van Vechten, Catskill.
A true copy from the original.
Fithkill, August 19/A, 1775.
To the Honourable Congress at New-York.
Gentlemen. — The reason of troubling you with the
enclosed letter and affidavits is to satisfy you, gentlemen,
as far in me lies, that I have been as dexterous as conve-
niently might be, in pursuing the measures, in being faith-
ful to the trust reposed in me by the Congress.
I am, gentlemen, with due submission,
Your most obedient humb. servant,
JAS. ROSEKRANS.
P. S. Should be glad to know whether the clothes and
arms for my soldiers will be ready soon or not.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
67
[Jacobus Swartwout, Muster-Master's return, muster rolls, &c.]
August 14fh, 1775
In obedience to the resolve of the Provincial Congress,
held at New-York, July the 8th, 1775, that I, the subscri-
ber, be appointed muster-master of the troops which shall
be raised by the following captains, to wit, Lewis Duboys,
Andrew Billings, Henry B. Livingston and Rufus Herrick,
in the defence of American liberty. I have mustered their
said men. Enclosed you have their muster rolls. Each
captain has one similar to the within enclosed, signed on the
hack by me.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT,
Muster-Master.
To P. V. B. Livingston, President of
New- York Provincial Congress.
Albany, 10th August, 1775.
Gent. — I am heartily sorry that I have the reason of
trouWing you in regard of these few lines, which will in-
form of our situation at present, as you may understand
that we are here as prisoners and get nothing to support
us. We think it a very hard case. We apphed to the
commissary's clerk, who told us that he had none for us.
We have fasted for some days, and therefore I hope that
you will take it into consideration to get us some sup-
ply ; and if so be, that you will not look into it, we must
get it where we can come athwart ij.
Gentlemen, your humble servant,
RALD. McDonald,
Sergeant 26th Regiment.
A true copy.
John Bay, Secry.
To the Gentlemen of the Committee.
Albany Committee Chamber, \
10th August, 1775. 5
Gent — We find ourselves once more obliged to trouble
you with respect to the soldiers who were taken prisoners
at St. Johns, who have been furnished with provisions by
Elisha Phelps, Esqr. commissary, (appointed by the Go-
vernor of Connecticut,) till a few days ago, when Mr.
Phelps went into Connecticut upon business, and left no
order with his deputy to supply them ; who, being unwil-
ling to supply them without orders from our Board, spoke
to the chairman ; who told him he thought as the army was
now properly organized, it was their business to give or-
ders concerning prisoners, and referred him to General
Montgomery, who (as the said deputy informed us) found
much fault with their insolence, and thought it improper
that they should be suffered to remain in this town, as
being a frontier place, where they might do disservice to
the public cause, and therefore declined doing any thing in
the affair. Upon which, Mr. Phelps's deputy made appli-
cation to us again, advising us at the same time that the
soldiers were so insolent as to threaten to take provisions
by force if he refused to supply them. We have come to
a resolution to supply them as formerly until we have your
further instructions in the premises.
We are, gentlemen.
Your humble servts.
By order of the committee.
WM. YATES, JuNR. Chairman.
To the Provincial Congress for the Colony
of New- York.
[A letter from John Taplin, Esqr. at Newbury, Gloccster county, in-
forming that they have formed committees and appointed Colo. Bay-
ley to represent that county in Congress.]
Newbury, New-York Province, July Ibth, 1775.
Sir— Your letter of the 31st May I did not receive till
the 14th inst. which was broke open and the General As-
ssociation taken out. We have formed a county commit-
tee, as also one in each town and precinct; also, we have
chosen Colo. Bayley to represent us in Congress. The
county seems to be very well united and firm to one ano-
ther, and also in the cause of liberty ; and I make no
doubt but they will cheerfully join in whatever measures
and directions the Honourable Congress may point out
from time to time.
I am, sir.
Your most obt. hble. servt.
JOHN taplin.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr. President
of the Provincial Congress, at the city of New-York.
[A letter from John Burger, at Ticonderoga, to Peter T. Curtenius,
respecting many musket barrels and bayonets at Ticonderoga.]
Ticonderoga Landing, July 19th, 1775.
Sir — Agreeably to my articles, I applied to Colonel
Henmore, Commander-in-Chief at Ticonderoga, who
thought it most convenient for us to go down to Crown
Point. Agreeably to his orders, we are there settled in a
good shop, and every thing of tools as convenient as we
could well expect, excepting a few articles that by this
time you have the memorandum of, which I hope you will
send as soon as possible, as there is a great deal of work
to be done here. By our accounts, we have turned out 74
already, that were much out of repair, which is the case
of the most part. I suppose that there were not 100 mus-
kets among them all that were in a firing trim ; and in
short, that is the case of every thing that is necessary for
our defence. I shall be glad when we have those here
who will regulate and conduct things better, which I hear
we may expect. I have seen the petition of Mr. John
Spardin, to the Provincial Congress in New-York, who
lives at this landing ; was placed here by His Majesty
King George, for the sole purpose of carrying and seeing
carried every thing for him and others across the lake ;
and am sensible that he did agree with Colonel Arnold to
do the whole business for the public, as he has crafts and
carriages convenient for that purpose, for twenty shillings
per day ; and I do verily believe that the method they now
have taken will, in the main, amount to four or five pounds
per day. This Mr. John Spardin, to my knowledge, is a
very worthy man, and is both willing and capable to do the
business for us, so that we may not be in want of provi-
sion as often as we now are ; and I beheve him to be a
hearty son of liberty. So far you may say from me, if
you have an opportunity, if you please, in Mr. Spardin's
behalf.
At Crown Point there is a great number of musket bar-
rels and bayonets, that were burnt in the fort, that now lie
on the parade ; they are carried away every day by the
soldiers and destroyed, when if care was taken, as I have
requested of the major, of them, they might save us
pounds, otherwise they in a short time will be all de-
stroyed. This I have done, in order that you may, as
you are concerned for the public, know, and let others
know, the state of affairs as far as my weak judgment
will permit, and shall be always ready to do all that in my
weak capacity lies for the common cause.
I am, sir, yours to serve,
JNO. BURGER.
To Mr. Peter T. Curtenius, Commissary
at New-York.
[Letter from David Pye, stating that Robert Johnston's company is
enlisted.]
Charlestown, July 2Ut, 1775.
Sir — The bearer hereof, Captain Robert Johnston, has
his company now full, and as he is a sum of money out,
by this I take the liberty to recommend him to you for di-
rection where he may have the necessary supplies for the
company.
I am, sir, your humb. servt.
DAVID PYE
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
68
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from Elisha Benedict, informing that his company is full, and
that he has men to spare; returning llie warrant to Fletcher, and re-
questing a warrant to McCune.]
July the 24lli, A. D. 1775.
Sir — Last evening I was favoured with yours of the
21st instant. This morning Mr. McCune arrived in town,
and informs me that he and Lieut. Brinlt have got their
complement of men, so my company is full, and some to
spare to other companies. I shall have them mustered as
fast as possible, and make a proper return of my proceed-
ings. I here send you the warrant that was for Mr.
Flitcher, and desire that there may one be sent for Mr.
McCune.
In haste, from your humb. servt. to command,
ELISHA BENEDICT.
For Henry Williams, Esqr.
A Return of the Second Provincial Regiment in the Co-
lony of New-York, whereof Goose Van Schaick is
Colonel.
Albany, 2Ath July, 177.5.
Companies.
Capt. John Visscher's,
Capt. Cornelius Van Dyck's,.
Capt. Hezehia Balding's,. ..
Capt. Joel Pratt's,
Capt. George White's,
Capt. Barent J. Ten Eych's,.
Capt. John Frye's,
Capt. Elisha Benedict's, . . . .
Capt. Joseph McKrackum's,.
Capt. John Graham's,
Total,.
1 1 1
10 20 15 233
GOOSE VAN SCHAICK, Colonel.
[A letter from Goose Van Schaick, with a return of his regi-
ment, &c.]
Albany, 24th July, 1775.
Gentlemen — I have, (yesterday) received yours of the
17th instant, and agreeable to your request, have made
out a return, as near as I could, which you have on the
other side.
The five first companies on this return, are those raised
by the committee of this city and county, who are now
on actual service at Lake George and the posts adjacent,
from whence General Schuyler has ordered an officer out
of each company down the country to complete the levies
of those companies. The officers of the last five com-
panies on this return, have but lately received their war-
rants, and are now raising men in this and the neigbour-
ing counties.
I have sent orders to the recruiting officers to send to
me, without delay, returns of the number of men they
have enlisted. Shall, on receipt thereof, lay before tlie
Congress a return of the state of my regiment.
You will please to observe, that several of the officers
appointed by the Provincial Congress, refused to accept
their warrants ; in lieu of whom, the committee of this
city and county, at the request of General Schuyler, have
appointed others, as the General conceived that waiting
for the appointment of others by the Congress, would
create such a delay in the levying of the companies, as
might be productive of ruinous consequences — so that the
return consists of those who have accepted of their war-
rants from the Provincial Congress and those appointed by
the committee in the room of those that declined serving.
It is impossible for me at present to say when my regi-
ment will be ready to lake the field, as I cannot determine
with what success the recruiting officers will meet.
You may depend upon it, that nothing will be wanting
on my part to expedite the completion of the regiment,
as I am convinced that the circumstances of the country
admit of no delay.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient, and very hum. servt.
GOOSE VAN SCHAICK.
To the Committee of Safety for the Colony
of New- York, during the recess of the Provincial Congress.
City of New-Bruntuiick, July 27th, 1775.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 21 st instant came safe
to hand, the contents of which was duly observed.
Application was immediately made to Mr. Merrill, who
says, about three weeks past a person coming from
Egg Harbour, when within the hook, he saw a boat stand-
ing down our bay that he thought was loaded with flour,
which boat he believes went alongside the man of war.
This is all he ever heard or knew of the matter.
Every other inquiry in our power has been made, but
can make no further discovery.
All intelligences, discoveries of every action, inimical to
American liberty, and every matter of instruction for our
better preservation and protection, will ever be paid a due
regard to, and cheerfully received from you by the com-
mittee of this city.
Assure yourselves gentlemen, that this committee has,
and ever will be ready to render to their country, every
service in their power, and will continue to give strict at-
tention to, and duly observe all resolutions formed by the
Continental Congress.
We are, with esteem gentlemen.
Your obedt. hub. servants,
JOHN DENNIS, Chairman.
To Mr. Henry Williams.
Catskill, 22nd July, 1775.
Sir — Received yours of the 9th instant, and for, answer,
am willing to serve my country under the command of Col.
Van Cortland. But cannot accept of the post or offer be-
fore I know the gentlemen that is appointed officers in the
same company, and likewise should be glad to know
whether I am appointed first or second heutenant. Cannot
say more before I get your or Col. Van Cortland's answer.
I am, sir, yrs. &c.
SAML. VAN VECHTEN.
To Mr. Egbert Dumond at New-York.
Old Bond-street, April 8th, 1775.
My Dear Sir — As I find Mr. Pownal could not write
to you as he intended, I am happy to be able to congratu-
late you to-day from authority, as the copy of the follow-
ing note which I received last night, will testify :
°'Lord Dartmouth presents his comphments to Sir Chas.
Thompson, and has the honour to inform him that the
King has been pleased to appoint Capt. Sinclair to be
Lieutenant-Governor and superintendent at Missilimac-
kinac.
"St. James's Square, Apl. 7th."
Hamilton, who likewise by the interest of his friend Mr.
Hay, is appointed to one of these Lieutenant Governments,
desires me to tell you with his kindest compliments that he
rejoices at your being such near neighbours, not above 500
miles asunder. He is exceedingly happy at both his and
your appointments.
Most faithfully yours,
CHAS. THOMPSON.
[A letter from Dirck G. Brinckerhoff, Esqr. Chairman of the Commit-
tee of Rombout's precinct, requesting time till the 15th August to re-
turn the Association. _
July 29th. li i5.
Sir— Agreeably to the resolve of the Provincial Con-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
69
gress of the 29tli of May last, a committee has been cho-
sen for the precinct of Rumbout, and have met, and ap-
pointed persons out of said committee to tender tlie asso-
ciation who have done their endeavour to tender the same
to the inhabitants of this precinct. But as the shortness
of time since we received the resolve of the Congress has
rendered it almost impossible to tender the same to every
inhabitant of this precinct personally, and as a number of
persons to whom it has already been tendered are not con-
vinced about signing the same and have desired further
time to consider of it ; and others are daily more and more
convinced of the propriety of signing the same, and are
ready to sign, but for want of an opportunity cannot ; the
committee have taken it into their consideration, and hum-
bly desire farther time till the 15th of August next ; when
an actual return will be made to the committee, of the per-
sons who have signed the same, and a list of the names of
the persons refusing ; and will be immediately transmitted
to the Honourable Provincial Congress at New-York.
By order of the committee.
DIRCK G. BRINCKERHOFF,
Chairman.
To p. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter of Robt- Hempstead, or petition of Committee of Soutliold, on
Long island, for an additional supply of powder.]
Southold. Long island, August 7, 1775.
Our situation is such that we are obliged to call upon the
Honourable Congress for their immediate assistance. Yes-
terday thirteen sail, eight of which are supposed to be ships
of war, were seen to be cruising the whole day betwixt
Montague and Fisher's island, and are this morning riding
at anchor betwixt the said island and the Oyster Ponds.
We are in hourly expectation of their landing at Oyster
Ponds or other where, v/hen our assistance will be abso-
lutely necessary. But should that be the case, we are
unable to defend ourselves or others, being destitute of
powder, as some of the Honourable Congress well know.
This being the true state of our case, we thought proper to
send an express to inform you thereof, and humbly pray that
the said Honurable Congress would take our case into con-
sideration, and provide ways and means for our immediate
supply. Lieut. Norton this minute appeared before the com-
mittee and informed them that his company are many of
them entirely destitute of powder, and ten of them of arms.
The part of the company mentioned are from Brookhaven,
and now present at Hubbard's, and their arms now examin-
ed by the colonel and major.
By order of the committee.
ROBERT HEMPSTED,
Chairman.
To the Honourable Peter V. B. Livingston,
President of the Provincial Congress for the
Province of New-York.
[Letter from Committee of Elizabeth Town to Committee of New-
York, relating to Ensign McLeod.]
Committee Ciiambeh, \
Elizabeth Town, July 6, 1775. \
Sir — We have just received information that one Wm.
McLeod, son of Capln. McLeod of this place, lately ap-
pointed an ensign in the 52nd regiment at Boston, left this
town early this morning and went to New-York in order to
take passage from thence to join his regiment.
We have thought fit to give you this intelligence, that
you may do wiiat you think proper on the occasion.
As soon as we get notice of his departure for such a
purpose, his baggage was detained.
By order of the committee.
JONA. HAMPTON, Chai, man.
To the General Committee of New- York.
[Vol. II.] 18
[Certificate from Daniel Terbos and others, recommending Andrew T.
Lawrence as lieutenant in Capt. Lewis Duboys's company, in the
place of Adriance, who resigned.]
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
now sitting at New- York.
Whereas Cornelius Adriance, of Rumbout's precinct,
who was lately appointed lieutenant under the command of
Capt. Lewis Duboys, hath resigned, and as the company is
now destitute of one heutenant, which greatly delays the
enlisting men in the said company, we, the subscribers,
being freeholders of the precinct of Rumbout, in Dutchess
county, do humbly recommend Andrew T. Lawrance as a
man of probity and honour, and well deserving that office ;
a man from whom we have great reason to expect a punc-
tual performance of every command enjoined him for the
good of this country ; and do therefore earnestly request
that the said Andrew T. Lawrence may be appointed lieu-
tenant in the place of the said Cornelius Adriance ; and
your petitioners shall ever pray.
DANIEL TERBOS,
HUGH CONNER,
HENRY GODWIN,
MARTIN WILTSE,
JEREMIAH COOPER,
JACOB VAN VOORHIS, Junr.
CORS. OSBORN,
JONATHAN HAIGHT,
JOHN BRINCKERHOFF,
DIRCK G. BRINCKERHOFF,
GEORGE BRINCKERHOFF,
CORNELIUS ADRIANCE,
JAMES COOPER,
JNO. H. SLEGHT.
Fishkills, July 5, 1775.
Mr. President :
Sir — Whereas Mr. Corn. Adriance hath been
appointed by our Congress for one of our lieutenants,
under Capt. Lewis Duboys, hath declined. Whereas the
people in general are of opinion Mr. Andrew Teller Law-
rence should be appointed in his place ; and the sooner
the warrant is sent up to him, the better it will be for
him to enlist men.
I am and remain yours,
DIRCK BRINCKERHOFF,
GYSBERT SCHENCK.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
at New- York.
Manchester, June 28, 1775.
Gentlemen — To my great surprise, I found sundry
men in our county of Charlotte about to form themselves
into a mob to stop the court. They were from different
parts of the county, and we have heard that some in the
county of Albany were about to join them. A.lthough
many were dissuaded from their proceedings, yet some
were on their way to Fort Edward, to carry into execution
their wicked design. But when they heard that Captain
Motl, from Connecticut, was at Fort Edward with his
company, and Remember Baker and Robert Cochron,
with an intent to protect the court, gave over their intended
expedition. Those men we think are mostly debtors, and
design to put a period to common law. Therefore we do
most humbly pray that a resolve may i'O made at your
Honourable Board, that will encourage and strengthen the
well minded and weaken the ill minded, without which we
fear we shall fall into the utmost confusion.
Many of our inhabitants were greatly alarmed by the
Congress's ordering all the cannon to be removed from Ti-
conderoga, which would have laid us open to an enemy to
the nortliwani ; and in that surprise called the people to-
gether and chose a man to send to the Continental Con-
gress ; alleging that they feared that some designing men
would make an ill use of their names relative to the title
of our lands. This last objection seems to weigh heavy
on the minds of many, however groundless in the opinion
of others, therefore do pray your indulgence relative to
70
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
the return of the association, till we can better unite tins
people. All which we shall submit to your wise delibe-
ration, only beg leave to subscribe ourselves,
Your most obedient and luiinble servants,
WILLIAM MARSH,
SAMUEL ROSE,
Committee of Manchester.
P. S. If it should be necessary to appoint officers for
the army in this part, we think that Mr. Gideon Brunson
and Mr. Potter and Mr. Joseph Lockwood suitable men,
and will accept.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, President
of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
.Albany, July 7th, 1775,
Honoured Sir — I received your favour, dated June
the 29th, 1775, on the 6lh day of July instant. I also re-
ceived the stores of provisions in place of Mr. Bleecker ;
who, I was in hopes might iiave been ordered to purchase
provisions and deliver to me to forward. Sir, flour i.s
either very scarce in this city, or can not be purchased
without money. I have been through this oily, with the
assistance of Squire Palmer, and could not get but twenty
barrels ; also, have been to Schenectada, and could not
get but ten barrels there. I am much afraid the troops
will suffer if they can not be immediately supplied. I
wrote by the post to one of the gentlemen of the commit-
tee for two or three hundred barrels of flour ; should be
glad your Honour would see and order as you think pro-
per. Col. Hinman has wrote orders to me for hospital
stores, and they can not all be got in this city. Capt.
Mott will inform you more particularly. Sir, I should be
glad to know who in particular to write to for provisions,
&;c. at New- York, which are and will be wanted.
Sir, I am with esteem.
Your most humble servant at command,
ELISHA PHELPS.
To the Honourable P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Albany, Ath July, 1775.
Gentlemen — I received your letter of the 29th ulto.
and have, agreeably to your directions, delivered up all the
stores and provisions in my care, an account whereof you
have enclosed. I can not omit observing that the person
in whose care I had left the stores, &c. during my absence,
did not think himself justified to deliver them without an
order from you, especially as it appears by Mr, Phelps's
warrant that he is only appointed for one regiment, a copy
of which is enclosed. A number of different accounts for
provisions and necessaries, purchased as well by me as in
my absence, have not yet been delivered in, which pre-
vents my transmitting an account, at present, of the expen-
ses which we have been at ; but I shall not fail to render
an account in a few days. Five barrels damaged powder,
from Ticonderoga, are sent to Judge Livingston's mill.
The garrisons will be in want of flour very soon, and none
to be had here before I delivered up the stores.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient and most hum. servt.
JOHN N. BLEECKER.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
Colony of Connecticut.
Jonathan Trumbull, Esquire, Governor and Commander-in-Chief in
and over His Majesty's English Colony of Connecticut, in New-
England in .America, to Elisha Phelps, Gentleman, Greeting :
I do, by these presents, reposing special trust and con-
fidence in your loyalty, fidelity and good conduct, consti-
tute and appoint you, the said Elisha Phelps, to be com-
missary in Albany, and places adjacent above, for the pro-
visions supplied from the Provincial Convention of New-
York, &c. for the fourth regiment of the inhabitants en-
listed and assembled for the special defence and safety of
his RIcijesty's said Colony, stationed at Ticonderoga and
places adjacent, agreeable to a resolve of the Honourable
Continental Congress, I do authorize and empower you
to exercise your said office in a due performance of the
duties thereof, in and for the regiment aforesaid ; keep
proper accounts, and the same render on oath when re-
quired, according to the trust reposed in you ; for which
this is a sufficient warrant.
Given under my hand and seal at arms, in Lebanon, this
8th day of June, in the fifteenth year of His Ma-
jesty's reign. Anno Dom. 1775.
JONATH. TRUMBULL.
.Account of Stores and Pi'ovisions delivered over by John N. Bleecker,
to Elisha Phelps, at Albany, 'id July, 1775.
7 barrels flour.
1 tierce peas,
86 hatchets,
12 pair 1 point blankets,
40 camp kettles.
32 barrels pork.
10 tierces rice,
38 pair 2 point blankets,
2i hhds. rum.
JOHN N. BLEECKER.
Southampton, July 5th, 1775.
Gentlemen — The committees of East and Southampton,
taking into their serious consideration their remote situation
from Head-Quarters at New- York, and much exposed to
the ravages of our unnatural enemy at this day with regard
to our stock in our common field at the point of Montauck;
it being remote from the inhabitants, where any number
may land at pleasure, take away our stock, which is large —
not less than two thousand neat cattle and three or four
thousand sheep — which, if taken away, would greatly dis-
tress us and give them support, which we would by no
means do.
Now, considering our situation, we request your Hon.
House to petition Genl. Schuyler that a number of troops
be stationed at Montauck ; and that the company now rais-
ing here may be a part, until a matter of more importance
shall call them away. We are of the opinion that our in-
habitants would do what in them lies, to give assistance in
case any attempt should be made to take off" the stock ; but
the distance of the inhabitants is 18 or 20 miles, and as
Gardiner's island lies adjacent, and is much exposed, also
Shelter island, Plumb island and Oysterpond point, we
think a number of whale boats would be proper to employ,
that assistance may be given from one part to the other.
We have a number of boats that are of no use in this sea-
son that might be got for the design, if the General should
think proper to order troops at this part of the island, which
we humbly petition may be done, &c.
I am, gentlemen.
By order of the committee.
BURNET MILLER, Chairman.
To the Provincial Congress
now setting at New- York.
Hartford, July the 5th, J. D. 1775.
Honourable Gentlemen — With a due sense of my
unworthiness as an Indian, and with a high and proper
esteem of your very worthy persons, I humbly write the
following, and with a sense of my indebtedness to your
Honours, and the benevolent inhabitants of the city of
New- York for favours past.
Honourable Gentlemen — Since my arrival to my own
native place, I have been informed that some of my New-
England brethren hath been very busy in spreading false
reports, or in representing things in a very wrong light,
not only to my disadvantage, but even to the hazard of my
life ; by which false representations, I have been almost
discouraged of undertaking to go to visit my Avestern bre-
thren ; of which visit, if I am hindered, may be damage
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
71
to my dear friends, the Americans. But duly considering
the consequences of my not going, and very well sensible
that the Oneidas, my western brethren, are in daily ex-
pectation of my return, I feel a disposition still to go the
intended journey, let the consequences be what they will ;
my love to the country in which I was born and educated,
and my regard for my brethren westward, animate me to
step forward, though at the expense of my very life.
Honourable Gentlemen — It has been represented to my
Connecticut friends, the English, by some of the Indians
that hath been westward with me, that I have been a
grand enemy to my country, or in other words, that I
have turned a high tory ; the which they cannot possibly
prove, all that they can allege or bring in proof is, that 1
was so long with Colonel Johnson, some times under arms,
which if I had time, I could answer for to the satisfaction of
all unprejudiced persons ; but they cannot possibly say
that they ever heard three words during the whole of the
time that we were together in that westward country ; that
I said any thing against my country or the Americans,
whereby I discovered my disaffection to the noble spirited
Americans, either in my private or public conversation.
No, Honourable Gentlemen, but quite the contrary : I
have ever spoke, both in public and private, the sentiments
of my heart to my New-England brethren ; and they are
witnesses themselves, with what warmth of heart, in our
private and public conversations, I have expressed my
love and regard for the Americans. And they know how
I have often said, I was willing to suffer and bleed, yea,
even die with the injured Americans. And, Honourable
Gentlemen, my mind is the same as ever ; and I can
boldly say this for the truth, that I firmly believe that
there has not been a truer friend to this North America
than myself, of all the New-England Indians that went
up to the western country in order to settle. I have em-
braced every opportunity to compose the minds of the
western Indians ; and I have repeatedly exhorted them to
be peaceable. And I have had very good opportunity to
converse with the western Indians from lime to time ; and
I rejoice that I can discourse with them in their own lan-
guage, and feel encouraged when I reflect how much they
attended to the things that I laid before them from time
to time ; and I am sensible of their growing affection to-
ward me, notwithstanding there has been many that have
vainly, and unlawfully endeavoured to render me despica-
ble in their eyes.
Honourable Gentlemen — I perceive that I have many
very inveterate enemies of my own Indian acquaintance ;
more especially, some that have been up with me. They
envy me, as Joseph of old was envied ; and they have
already laid a snare for my life. They envy me for the
respect that I receive from the white people every where ;
and more especially, they envy me that I have so much
influence amongst my western brethren. Those persons
not considering the overruling hand of Providence, which
makes high and makes low, which exalts and debases, ac-
cording to his divine pleasure, make known their folly by
venting their rage against a poor, frail, and short-coming
creature, like myself. I acknowledge that I am a poor
imperfect creature as to the things of religion, and that in
many things I fall short ; yet the resolution of my heart
is to'press forward in the ways of piety. And, Honoura-
ble Gentlemen, I rejoice greatly that we are not to be
saved by works ; no, but we are directed by the divine
revelation, to put all our hopes, and ground our confidence
on Jesus Christ alone for salvation : so his complete right-
eousness I plead before my offended God when I find my-
self overtaken with some surprising sin.
The above I wrote, knowing that the persons will make
use of every failure that they can possibly find or discover,
in order to render me despicable, both at home and abroad,
and so render me useless, both to my country and to my
poor sinking nation. For the prosperity of both, my soul
seems truly to be engaged in ; but as to the aff"airs of this
world, I believe I am as faithful as any one, and would
not give the right hand to any Indian of my acquaintance
to do business amongst the back nations, being very well
acquainted with their manners or customs, and can speak
their language considerably well.
Honourable Gentlemen — I can not see with what face
these malicious persons can falsely say that I was an ene-
my to the country, when they consider that I have a com-
panion here in Connecticut, whom I value as dear as my
own life, and young babe, dear to me as nature can make
it. Can they, with any expectation of success, go on
in their infernal design of ensnaring my life, when per-
sons know that all my dearest connections in life are, and
have been, amongst the people in New-England, during
the time that I was in the western country ? I flatter my-
self that they will not succeed.
Honourable Gentlemen — I would just inform you, that
yesterday the Honourable Assembly was graciously pleas-
ed to appoint a committee lo hear what one of my ene-
mies had to say or allege against me. The Indian's name
is Elijah Weaompy, of Farmington, a subtle, crafty per-
son ; and this very same person had spoke in our private
conversation, very improper and unkind words against the
New-England people with indignation, with which he was
charged yesterday, and denied not, before evidence, two
of the Indians that were up to Oneida with me, being Sa-
muel Adams and John Sock, who heard him more than
once.
It is very likely that your Honours will soon see the
judgment formed concerning the matter by the Honourable
Assembly of this Colony, as it is requested that it might be
made as public as the report concerning myself has been —
likely it will be in the next papers.
I hope to have the honour of being more closely exa-
mined by your Honours when I shall return from the
Oneida country; the which time I humbly hope I may
have the pleasure of giving your Honours general satis-
faction. And I humbly hope that no stories may hinder
your Honours from sending the message to the back na-
tions, which your Honours proposed when I was at New-
York. And your Honours may be assured that I am, have
been, and still will be, a true friend to the American Co-
lonies. And I hope that your Honours and all that knows
me, may soon be convinced of my love to my country,
and of my real friendship to the Colonies.
I am yours, to serve,
JOSEPH JOHNSON.
P. S. I would just inform your Honours that I purpose,
by divine leave, to set off from Mohegan, my native place,
the 12th of this instant or before. So I humbly pray that
your Honours will forward ample direction to Albany for
me, as soon as possible. Although I love my companion
as my own self, and seemly more, and take pleasure in living
among friends and acquaintances, yet duties obligate me,
methinks, to take this one journey more, hoping I may be
a means, by the blessing of our gracious Lord, of pre-
venting much blood being spilt ; so I go cheerfully, though
I should never return.
I am with great esteem, yours, to serve.
JOSEPH JOHNSON.
Should I be deprived of my life, and never return, I
humbly recommend to your mercy, my beloved compa-
nion.
I am, vt ante.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress,
at the city of New-York.
Committee ok Sf.fety, 1
For the Colony of New-York, appointed \
By the Provincial Congress in their recess. )
Nexo-York, July mh, 1775.
Sir — We are now favoured with yours of the sixth in
stant. It gives ua sensible pleasure that you have enlisted
72
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
your company so speedily, and of men so proper for llie
service.
We desire you without delay to inform Colo. .Tames
Clinton at New- Windsor, that your company is ready ;
and that you immediately put yourself with your company
lo under his command and follow his directions.
Colo. Clinton and Mr. Jacobus Swarlwout are appointed
muster your men and see that they arc fit for service.
We are, sir, your humble servants,
By order of the Committee of Safety.
Capt. Andrew Billings, at Pouglikccpsie.
Poughkeepsie, July 6lh, 1775.
Sir — Agreeable to the warrant sent me (which came to
hand last Monday) I have enlisted seveniy-tvvo good able
bodied men, who are allowed to be very fit for service, as
they are healthy, vigorous, spry, and have youth on their
side. Some of which have been acquainted with the army,
and seem to be actuated more from principle than profits.
We now wait your instructions how to proceed.
Meantime, I am with respect, sir.
Your very humble servt.
ANDW. BILLINGS.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq.
President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
While Plains, July 10th, 1775.
Sir — Mr. Nehemiah Marshall, who was appointed se-
cond lieutenant in the company lo be raised by Capt. Am-
brose Horton, having declined serving, and there being no
more than one officer appointed in this county below the
White Plains, we think it most expedient that another offi-
cer should be nominated in the lower part of the county,
and take the liberty of recommending Mr. Samuel Tr.
Pell to supply the place of Mr. MarshLiU.
We do not know, sir, whether, during the adjournment
of the Congress, any warrants can be given out ; but re-
quest that such encouragement may be given to Mr. Pell,
of having orders to enlist, as will induce him immediately
to engage what men he is able.
We are, sir, you most humble servants,
STEPHEN WARD,
JOSEPH DRAKE.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esq.
President of the New- York Provincial Congress.
Cornwal Precinct, July 5th, 1775.
Gentlemen — Mr. Stephen Howell who was appointed
by your Honourable Board to be second lieutenant in the
company now a raising in this part of our county, having
for some reasons decUned serving, we have nominated Mr.
Jonas Bellows in his room ; and can assure you that he is
a warm friend to the liberties of his country, and has had
some experience in the military service. We therefore
pray that a warrant may be sent to him for the purpose of
enlisting men as soon as convenient"
By order of the committee.
HEZEKIAH HOWELL, Cham.
To the Honl. P. V. B. Livingston, President
of the Honl. Provincial Congress, now sit-
ting in New-York, or in his absence to the
President pro tern, in Congress.
[A letter from Stephen Howell resigning his Lieutenancy.]
Blooming-Grove, July 10th, 1775.
Gentlemen. — I received a warrant from the Honl. Con-
gress a few days ago for the purpose of enlisting men, as
a second lieutenant under Daniel Denton, captain, and
Belthazar Dehart first lieutenant, in a company now a rais-
ing in this part of our county. I thank the Honble. Board
for the opportunity they have given me of standing forth
in my country's defence, which I should have complied
with, with the greatest freedom, if I could have consistently
done it. But the matter coming unexpectedly, I was un-
prepared almost in every respect, and am, therefore, under
the disagreeable necessity of resigning at present. But if
I should be wanted hereafter to appear in the field in my
country's defence, 1 shall be ready lo sacrifice my life and
fortune in llie glorious cause of liberty.
The committee of our precinct have nominated a person
in my room who has had some experience in the military
service, and will I hope be able to fill the station, wilh ho-
nour.
I am, gentlemen, yours and my country's
Sincere friend and humble servant,
STEPHEN HOWELL.
[Letter from Walter Spooner, chairman of the committee at Spring-
field, to inquire into the stale of Ticonderoga.]
Gentlemen — Notwithstanding the many calamities that
the Colony of the Massachusetts Bay now struggles under,
the Congress there are resolutely determined lo leave nothing
within their power undone, which may have a probable ten-
dency to preserve the rights and property of the American
Colonies. In pursuance of this resolution, they, on the four-
teenth day of June last, appointed a co.mmittee, whereof I
have the honour lo be chairman, to proceed to Ticonderoga
and Crown Point, lo inquire into the importance of holding
those posts, and among other things, desire me to signify lo
you their thoughts on the subject. The committee have
made those inquiries as they were directed, and have
ordered me to take leave to inform you, that it is their
opinion, that should the fortresses on Lake Champlain fall
into the hands of our enemies, the Colony of New- York,
with the New-England Colonies, might be in the utmost
insecurity ; for the enemy might land at the southern end of
a part of the waters of Lake Champlain, called South Bay,
from whence, as Fort Edward is razed to the foundation,
there is nothing lo check them or prevent their spreading
fire and desolation down to Albany, and over all the frontier
towns eastward in New- York and the New-England Colo-
nies.
Wherefore it is the opinion of the committee, that all
possible care ought to be taken to keep the command of
Lake Champlain, which, perhaps, may be more easily
effected by armed vessels of various constructions than
otherwise.
The committee has established on the lakes, in the pay
of the Massachusetts Colony, four hundred effective men,
with proper officers, which ar9 all that the distressed state
of the Colony can at present admit of. Which regiment,
from the peculiar embarrassments which that Colony is
now labouring under, must look for present supplies of
provisions to the Colony of New-York.
While the committee was at the posts above mentioned,
there was a dangerous mutiny set on foot by some persons
employed by Colo. Arnold, an officer of our Colony, who
appeared to have their own interest more at heart than the
public good ; which, had it not been for the influence and
well limed exertions of Judge Duer, a gentleman of the
county of Charlotte, in your Colony, and the'principal offi-
cers of the Connecticut troops, might have been attended
with fatal consequences. As the committee suppose the
Colony they serve to be under great obligations to that wor-
thy gentleman, they cannot but inform his own government
of his zealous exertions for the public good.
I am, with due respect, in behalf of the committee,
Your most obedient humble servant,
WALTER SPOONER.
Springfield, July 3, 1775.
To the Honourable the President and members of the
Convention of the Colony of New- York.
Huntington, Long.Island, 11th July, 1775.
Sir — Agreeably to instructions received from the re-
spectable the Provincial Congress for enlisting men, I now
report ray proceedings therein to you. Have served the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &;c,
73
subalterns with their instructions and received their an-
swers, that it is inconvenient for them to accept by reason
of business, which alone prevents their serving the coun-
try at this time. In consequence thereof I now enclose
their warrant, and humbly crave the liberty to recommend
to the notice of the Committee of Safety, two other gentle-
men who will serve and be acceptable to the people that I ex-
pect to enlist. The refusal of those gentlemen has prevented
my progress in that matter, as other officers in their stead may
perhaps be appointed, under whom they would not so rea-
dily serve, and therefore postpone the business until it is
known. The gentlemen I have in view are Mr. Samuel
Smith of Smithtown, first lieutenant, and Mr. Alexander
Ketchum of this place, second lieutenant. Harvesting,
which is at the height, has greatly impeded the enlisting ;
some have offered, but I thought prudent not to enrol them
until that business was over, when a prospect appears of
fining up the company at once, by which will be a saving
of expense for the intermediate time. Some who stand
ready to enlist, have arms, ammunition and blankets. Shall
be obliged by orders how to act in that case and what en-
couragement I should give them for such necessaries.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your obedient hum. servant,
JOHN GRENELL.
To Peter V. Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
to the care of Colo. Alexr. McDougall, New- York.
Albany Committee Chamber, )
nth August, 1775. 5
Gentlemen — Yesterday came down here from Ticon-
deroga under a guard, consisting of a sergeant and thirteen
men, Alexander White, Esqr. sheriff of Tryon county,
John Conner, Peter Boon and Lewis Clement, who had
been taken prisoners by a party of General Schuyler's
men, at one Gilliland's on Lake Champlain, accompanied
by three Indians, who were also taken, and all brought
before the General at Ticonderoga. On their arrival, the
Indians were by us forwarded in a wagon to Schenectady,
on their way home, after receiving a present ; and in con-
formity to the General's letter, (a copy of which we en-
close you,) we send down under guard. White and Con-
ner ; the other two, vizt. Clement and Boon, we have
thought most prudent to detain here until we hear from
you on the subject, as we were apprehensive that sending
them down might create some jealousy and discontent
among the Indians, (among whom they have some influ-
ence,) whose friendship we most ardently wish to cul-
tivate.
That you may be able to judge of the matter with the
more precision, we enclose a state of the case which oc-
casioned Mr. White's flying from Tryon county, and a
copy of the examination taken by General Schuyler of the
party who took White's party ; as also copies of two let-
ters from Sir John Johnson to Mr. White.
We are, gentlemen.
Your very humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
Albany Committee Chamber, )
2\st August, 1775. \
Sir — Since our last respecting Alexander While, sheriff
of Tryon county, which he was to accompany to your
Congress, process of law was unexpectedly served on him
for a just debt, after the despatches were ready and orders
given for his being taken on ship board, which causes his
detention here. We did not care to force him out of llic
sheriff's custody, or to make any infraction, or to stop tiic
course of tlie civil law in this particular or any other case ;
but when the safety of tlie Republic is mucii concerned or
absolutely requires it, then, and not till then, we think the
necessity of the thing may justify the measure. Wc wrote
[Vol. II.] 19
to Major-General Schuyler the embarrassment we were in,
and he coincides with us in sentiment to leave him confin-
ed here until we are favoured with your determination on
this point. We therefore only send down Connor, who
was to have gone with White, in expectation of your
speedy answer.
We are, gentlemen.
Your humble servants,
By order of the committee,
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
[Copy of a letter from Sir John Johnson to Mr. White.]
August 22, 1775.
Dear Sir — After you went off yesterday, Mr. Stuart
Fry and Doctor Adams went down to Fonda's and Veder's
and acquainted the people with your departure out of the
county. As soon as they were assured of it, they dis-
persed all their men, to the amount of about 500, and sent
expresses up and down the country to stop all that were
coming to their assistance, as well as the cannon they had
sent for to Schenectady ; and in the afternoon, some from
the different committees came up to Fry's and informed me
they would wait my pleasure there till eight in the night.
I went accordingly, and was received in a very friendly
manner. When I assured them you were gone, they seem-
ed to be perfectly satisfied, but at the same time declared
they would never suffer you to return ; and wanted me to
promise that you never should. I told them I would not
promise any such thing. They all desired to be restored
to the same good understanding we used to be on, and
declared they never would countenance any evil designs
against me or any thing belonging to me, nor never did.
Upon which we parted, seemingly good friends. I would
not have you upon any account whatever to return now, as
I assured them you would not. We have got Aaron and
another Indian to go with you ; and you may depend upon
their being with you on Tuesday afternoon. Major Fonda
is desirous of being reconciled to me, and I expect to see
him to-morrow or next day in town. The bearer is threat-
ened so much that he determined to go with you. I have
several things for you which I will send you by the Indian.
God bless you and send you safe to your journey's end, is
the sincere wish of your friend.
JOHN JOHNSON.
Johnson Hall, Sunday night 1 1 clock.
As your being at Harris's is known to too many, I would
advise you to keep in the woods all day to-morrow, for fear
of the worst.
(A true copy.)
John Bay, Secretary.
Johnson Hall, 2bth Juhj, 1775.
Dear Sir — The bearer will deliver you some provisions
and clothes, and Mr. Clement will give you a paper con-
taining a ten pound note which I received from Mrs. White
this morning. The Indians having desired some cash from
me to expend when they came among the inhabitants in
Canada, which I have not to give them. I must beg you
to supply them and charge it to Colonel Johnson. If you
have forgot any thing, and I can be of service to you, I
beg you'll mention it. God bless you.
Yours.
J. JOHNSON.
(A true copy.)
John Bay, Secy.
Ordered, That Colo. McDoiigall be directed to have
Candell brouglit to the bar of this House this afternoon,
and that the witnesses respecting him do attend at the same
time.
Gentlemen — In the most respectful manner I beg leave
thus to approach you, with humble hopes that you will
74
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
please to grant this my truly earnest request, to be, by
your order brought before you (as soon as convenience can
possibly admit, after your receipt hereof,) for the purpose
of hearing me on the matters laid to my charge, which in-
volve me and my family in the greatest distress, more than
pen can well describe or idea form.
I am conscious, gentlemen, should I meet the indulgent
favour I now so earnestly seek for, I can satisfy how false
are many of those charges against me, particularly as to
the manner of my going on board the man of war, my be-
haviour since in confinement, &;c. If upon such your fa-
vourable hearing, you should be of opinion that my con-
duct has been reproachable, I shall be ready to make every
concession and acknowledgment in my power, even to
leaving the Province, or otherwise, as you shall see cause
to direct.
Let me beg you, gentlemen, that you, with tender kind-
ness and humanity, will consider the melancholy situation of
myself and family — my wife just delivered, and now lying
in such grief and sorrow that life can hardly be kept in
her, and others of my family in the greatest anxiety.
Trusting therefore that you will grant this ray desire and
earnest request, I remain.
Your unfortunate and very humble servt.
JOHN CANDELL.
New-York, 29lh August, 1775.
To the Hon. Members of the
Provincial Congress at New-York.
Albany, 2\st July, Yllb.
Gentlemen — Although I intimated in mine of the 3d
instant, that I would soon transmit accounts of the expen-
ses in my department here, yet it is not in my power at
present to give such an exact state of the charges as I
could wish, as several accounts have not yet been deli-
vered in, for provisions, &c. supplied for the Provincial
service. But being desirous to render accounts under
these circumstances, I enclose you general accounts of
stores and provisions received, purchased on credit, for-
warded, issued, &c. You have also enclosed, an account
of expenses so far as have come to my hands ; by which
a balance of £1,225 remains due, which I have, in some
measure, engaged would be soon paid. And as those with
whom the debts are contracted, make daily application to
me for money, in particular the wagoners, who have been
employed, intimate that unless their demands are satisfied
very soon they must decline riding, since they have not
wherewith to purchase hard fodder for their horses ; I
therefore hope you will be pleased to put it in my power
to fulfil my promises, by furnishing me with a sufficient
sum of money to discharge the above mentioned balances ;
and all public moneys which have, or may be, delivered
into my hands, I shall account for in a future settlement,
by producing such vouchers for disbursements, as I doubt
not will meet your approbation.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient and most humble servant,
JOHN N. BLEECKER.
p. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Messrs. Lamb and Roorback, respecting cleaning the
barracks.]
New-York, 26th June, 1775.
Gentlemen — Pursuant to your order, we immediately
waited on Mr. Evert Bancker, the barrack-master, to re-
quest his delivering us the keys of the barracks; when he
informed us that he had, in compliance with your order of
Thursday last, employed a proper person to get the bar-
racks cleaned with the utmost expedition. But upon in-
specting into the matter this morning, we find there are
only four persons employed for that purpose ; and as there
are sixty rooms, all of which are extremely dirty, we are
of opinion it will take them 10 or 12 days at least to get
them effectually and properly cleansed. Besides, there is a
good deal of mason's and carpenter's work necessary to be
done, as they are much out of repair.
We are, with the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most humb. servants,
JOHN LAMB,
GART. ROORBACK.
To the Provincial Congress for the
Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Thomas Hicks, Esqr. containing his reasons for not
attending this Congress as a Deputy for Queens county.]
Sir — Last Saturday I received a copy of a resolve of
the Provincial Congress, of the 22d instant, wherein I
was requested to take my seat in Congress on this day, or
assign my reasons for neglecting to attend. The latter,
sir, I shall endeavour to do, by acquainting the Congress
with some of the circumstances of the election of Deputies
for Queens county, and some subsequent transactions.
On the day of the election, three gentlemen appeared, who
declared they were charged with a message to the free-
holders, assembled for the purpose of choosing Deputies,
from a very large number of freeholders of the township
of Hempstead, who had assembled a few days before at
Hempstead. They had it in charge, they said, to declare
there, at that day, that the said freeholders were deter-
mined to have nothing to do with the election of Deputies;
but that they were resolved to wait till they knew the ef-
fect of the petitions of the General Assembly of this Co-
lony, or words to that effect, as near as I can recollect.
Upon which, as there were not so many freeholders con-
vened as I expected, I proposed that the several towns
should elect Deputies, but being overruled, I proposed that
none should be elected for Hempstead, to avoid the ap-
pearance of obtruding Deputies on them. This, I thought
was agreed to by the gentlemen present ; but after a little
time, a gentleman (who I believe was not in the room
at the time the last proposal was made) objected that in
the latter case, the county would be partially represented ;
and urged the appointment of Deputies for Hempstead.
This, after a little while, was agreed to by a majority, and
Captain Thorne and myself were named to represent
Hempstead, and our names were inserted in the list ac-
cordingly. I saw myself placed in a very disagreeable
situation, and expressed my idea of it to the gentlemen
present. They did not seem to see the embarrassment
which I sensibly felt, and therefore were not disposed to
dispense with my service. The bad state of my health,
which obliges me to avoid New-York as much as pos-
sible in the summer, from long experience of the bad
eflfect of the city air in that season, also made we wish to
be excused from a service which I was convinced would
very much impair it.
In this situation, I determined, however, to offer myself
to the Congress as a Deputy, if the people of Hempstead
were silent about it ; but I was soon informed that some
of the leading people had declared they did not believe I
would presume to represent them in Congress. Upon re-
ceiving this intelligence, I immediately went to Hemp-
stead, applied to a gentleman whom I took to be a leading
man, and desired him to consult the principal people of
the town, and let me know, as soon as might be, whether
I should represent them or not. A very few days after, I
received from him a letter, dated the 30th May last,
wherein he informed me that he had consulted as many per-
sons in the township of Hempstead as the shortness of the
time would admit, who, he said, seemed fixed upon their
former resolutions, not to appoini any Deputies to repre-
sent the town of Hempstead in Provincial Congress ; that
the people seemed to be much inclined to remain peaceable
and quiet ; that he had consulted the gentlemen I had de-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
75
sired him to speak to in particular, who had desired him to
give me this information.
Upon the receipt of this letter, J resolved to decline
taking a seat at the Congress, from a persuasion of the
impropriety, and even injustice, of transacting business of
so much consequence for people who disavowed my au-
thority.
This is a true state of facts, as near as my memory will
serve me ; and I flatter myself, sir, it will sufficiently
apologize to the Congress for my conduct.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
THO. HICKS.
New-York, 27th June, 1775.
Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
[A letter from Joseph French, Esq. containing his reasons for not at"
tending the Congress as a Deputy for Queens county.]
Jamaica, June 26lh, 1775.
Sir — Yours of the 22nd instant came safe to hand. In
answer to which I must acquaint you that I have made it
my rule in life, never to accept any office or place of trust,
unless I could acquit myself with honour.
Some time ago we had an election at Jamaica to send
members to Congress, and it was carried in the negative.
These same men have acquainted me if I attend in Con-
gress I do not represent them but the minority. As for
my part, I have signed the association in New-York, and
expect to abide by the consequences.
I am, sir, with great esteem,
Your very humble servt.
JOSEPH FRENCH.
To Robert Benson, Secy, to the
Provincial Congress, N. York.
New-York, June 11th. 1775.
Gentlemen of the Provincial Congress —
I am very sorry that any difficulties should arise from
the flour that was to be shipped by Capt. Coffin. As Mr.
Cook and I came from Providence together ; and as I found
that I could not take all the flour on board my own vessel, so
we agreed that he should procure another vessel, and Mr.
Cook applied to Mr. Nixson to procure the flour for us.
And when Mr. Nixson understood how the matter was cir
cumstanced, he provided the effects, and we were to sail
together.
Gentlemen, if you will take it into consideration and
believe me it is for the same purpose, as mine is — for
the committee of Providence, and to supply our camp, or
as they are called Provincials. This I certify and declare to
with my hand, that there is no other intent in this mat-
t6r
BENJA. LINDSEY.
Norwich, 19th June, 1775.
Dear Sir — I understand by Mr. David Trumbull, that
by an express from Cambridge, his Hon. our Governor has
advice that on our people attempting to take possession of
Bunkers Hill and Dorcester Point, they were attacked by
the regulars, shipping, &c. Five men of war hauled up
at Charlestown, covered the landing of a body of men who
drove our people from Bunkers Hill. That three Colonels
in our service are wounded, (Colo. Gardner mortally,) how
many are slain on either side is uncertain. This happen-
ed on Saturday about noon. At Charlestown when the
post came away our people kept their ground and had
made a stand. How they fared at Dorcester we do not
hear. General Putnam was safe when express came off".
Preparation was making for a general attack.
Colo. Tyler must be on the march as soon as possible,
without confusion. I shall procure teams as fast as I can
and have them ready to take in his baggage. Colo. Jabez
Huntington desires I would despatch an express imme-
diately to have the troops forwarded. He sent orders in
writing yesterday.
Your hble. servt.
CHRISR. LIFFINGWELL.
Thomas Mumford, Esq.
Kingsbridge, August 11, 1775.
Gentlemen — Some time past, while I was gone to our
Provincial camp near Boston, an unhappy difference hap-
pened on a field day between the fusileers, now commanded
by Henry G. Livingston, Esq. and my company. As such
disputes might greatly injure the cause in which we are all
engaged, and to prevent the like for the future, I last night
withdrew my company from Col. Lasher's battaHon. I
am now on a journey to New-England — when I return,
shall with pleasure join any other battalion, and act in any
station you may please to assign me, in which I can best
serve my country. I take the liberty to give you this early
information of the part I have acted, and what were my
motives, lest any unfavourable impressions may be made
upon your minds respecting my conduct.
I am, with great respect, gentlemen.
Your most humble servant,
SAMUEL BROOME.
To the gentlemen of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
August 3, 1775.
Gentlemen — As well wishers to our country, we cannot
any longer delay giving you an account of the conduct of
sundry persons within the limits of this committee — Par-
son James Lyon, Benjamin Floyd, Doer. Gilbert Smith,
Joseph Denton, Richard Floyd, and John Bayleys, inn-
keeper. These persons have, from the beginning, taken
every method in their power to seduce the ignorant about
them, and to counteract every measure that has been re-
commended for the redress of grievances. They damn all
congresses and committees, wishing they were in hell.
They have declared that they will furnish, and it is sus-
pected they have furnished, the men of war and cutters
with provisions.
Such conduct, we think, is insufTerable, and desire that
you would be pleased to direct such measures as you shall
think proper to suppress it.
Signed by order of the Brookhaven committee;
THOS. HELME, Chairman pro tern.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq. President of the
Congress at New-York.
[Letter from Capt. Henry B. Livingston, covering a list of his men.]
Rhinebeck, 8th Jugust, 1775.
Sir — I have enlisted upwards of seventy-two men,
some of them have since deserted and others refused to
appear. I now lack twelve men of the number prescribed
me. I have kept those I have upon duty constantly, from
the time of their enlistment, and have them tolerably well
disciplined. We are much in want of clothes, arms, shoes,
&c. We are unfit for a march until we have those neces-
saries, and some of my men who have families here, would
be very unwilling to march until part of their pay is ad-
vanced to them. Several of them have been long upon
duty and their families want.
I should be exceedingly obliged to you if you would
make a proper representation of this matter to the Con-
gress and get our wants supplied. I am as yet ignorant of
the name of my colonel or the regiment to which I belong ;
this makes it difficult for me to know who to apply to for
the aforementioned necessaries. One of the men is very
unwell and at present incapable of duty, another has con-
tracted the venereal disorder since 1 have enlisted him. I
should be exceeding glad to liave directions how to pro-
76
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ceed with those men, or any others who may hereafter be
taken ill.
Sir, your most obt. humble servant,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
N. B. I have not yet seen my second lieutenant, Mr.
Paddock, but expect him to-day with twenty men : so that
when he comes I shall have more than my complement.
j5 List of the men enlisted under
Jacob Thomas, 1st lieut.
Isaac Paddock, 2nd lieut.
Elijah Knap, 1st sergt.
Sanders Haines, 2nd sergt.
Nathl. Ashford, .3rd sergt.
Kobt. Kenyon, 1st corpl.
Jeremy Bird, 2nd corpl.
John Rogers, 3rd corpl.
John Moody,
Abisha Bingham,
Ebenezer Burnett,
Michl. McDonnell, drummer,
James Fisher,
John Rogers, junr.
Ebenezer Adams,
Ephraim Welch,
Francis Traver,
James Sullivan,
Jacob Levi,
Peter Lodavick,
Peter Vanduzer,
Daniel Olden,
John Teater,
Benjn. Wallace,
John Thomas,
George Suffring,
John Flin>
John Gary,
Phillip Rosman,
John Coppinger,
James £die,
Capt. H. B. Livingston.
Thomas Quin,
John Love,
Wm. Watson,
Henry Rosman,
Jeplhar Tallendon,
Henry Lewis,
Peter Gossper,
John Hufman,
Jacob Schriver,
Christian Schriver,
Henry Scliriver,
Wm. Ashley,
Jacob Signer,
John Davies,
Michael McCarter,
Cylas Flood,
Peter Beeker,
David Burns,
Richard Gomer,
John Lilley,
Christopher Blace,
John Bradie,
Wm. Kearney,
Richard Digon,
James Casie,
James Shill,
Dennis Delancy,
Elias Bayly,
George Reed,
Joseph Cail,
Henry Davis.
Dorset, July 28lh, 1773.
Mat it please your Honour — In compliance to the
orders of Congress, as well as your recommendation, I en-
close the proceedings of our committee meeting on the
New-Hampshire Grants, upon due notice to the towns in
general, all which is humbly submitted to your wisdom,
not doubting but the warrants will issue agreeable to our
wishes.
We are your most obedient,
In behalf of the committee,
NATHAN CLARK, Chairman.
To the Honourable General Schuyler.
Head-Quarters, Ticonderoga, July "ilst, 1775.
Sir — Your letter dated Dorset 28th July, 1775, has
been delivered me by Captain Fitch, together with the
votes that were enclosed.
The choice of captains and lieutenants being left uncon-
ditional to the people, those chosen will receive the war-
rants as soon as they come to my hands. And, that the
levying of the men may not be retarded, you will signify
to them that I hereby empower them immediately to
proceed to that business, without waiting for the war-
rants.
And in order to prevent any confusion that may take
place, the captains and lieutenants must immediately sig-
nify to me in writing that they accept or decline the offices
to which they have been elected.
The votes I shall immediatelj'- transmit to Congress, that
they may approve of the field officers or appoint others out
of your body as they may think proper.
I am, sir, you humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Mr. Nathan Clark, Chairman, &c.
Fairfield Jail, 11th .August, 1775.
Sir — You will please to insert the under mentioned ad-
vertisement in your next Thursday's paper, and the bearer
will pay the charges, and in so doing you will much oblige
Your most humble servant,
ANGUS McDonald.
This is to acquaint the public in general, and particular
the Congress and Committee of New-York, of the usage
the subscriber, who is close prisoner in the above men-
tioned jail, meets with, contrary to the promise to him
when sent there, with all other bad usage. On Tuesday
the 8lh August, 1775, when a company of the rifle men
marched into town, five or six of them thought proper to
try to take my life ; first beginning with slicks, stones and
bricks throwing at me, then drawing bayonets ; when they
could not get at me with those instruments, one of them
went with his gun and putting it through the window at
me, I not thinking that the villain intended to take my life,
laid hold on the muzzle of the gun to take it in ; he imme-
diately fired at me, when the ball took part of my hair off
one side of my head, and lodged in the chimney right be-
hind me. Nor no satisfaction did I get. So I will leave
that usage to the world to judge whether right or wrong.
This I can prove upon oath, and others besides. But, if
I be to suffer for what is laid to my charge, I desire to be
brought from this place and get a fair chance for my life,
as law directs. I always, according to my station, behaved
myself as well as any man this day in New-York, and
even the meanest and poorest soldier belonging to His Ma-
jesty's service, who is prisoner of war, is belter used and
has more liberty than I have.
1 am, &c.
ANGUS McDonald.
p. S. Even should it be my intention still to serve the
King, I scorn to run away from my liberty, till such time
as I was properly relieved or exchanged, if I must make
my application that way.
To any of the public printers of the city of New- York.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
Gentlemen — It is with the utmost reluctance I am in-
duced to trouble you with the mention of any private or
personal discontent, and thereby to withdraw any part of
your attention from the weightier public matters with which
it must be engaged. But I confide in your candour that
the causes of it will appear to you so reasonable as to be
admitted a sufficient apology for ray involuntary intrusion,
I feel the difficulty of addressing you in a manner that
may seem to carry the appearance of arrogating to myself
a higher degree of merit than you have thought me pos-
sessed of, by placing me in the station you did. But as I
have reason to think you were unacquainted with the cir-
cumstances from which arises my dissatisfaction with the
appointment you have been pleased to honour me with, I
hope it will not be esteemed improper or unbecoming to
lay them before you.
I have served in the two last wars, both by sea and land,
and have been in many engagements. I have a commis-
sion from General Shirley, as captain of a company of
batteaux men ; and in consequence of an action under
Colonel Broadstreet, in which we lost forty-seven men the
first fire, I was honoured with the command of His Excel-
lency General Gage, to be called by the name of his com-
pany to whom his baggage was always entrusted, and had
likewise the offer of a commission in ihe Royal Americans.
I have had a good deal of experience of cannon as well as
small arms ; to these circumstances let me add I am now
51 years old.
I confess I expected to have had an appointment in the
first battalion ; but by arrangement lately published I find
am postponed to the fourth, and there hold only the rank of
eighth captain. According to this adjustment, I am to re-
ceive the command from thirty-seven captains who are
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
made my superiors in rank and authority, which, consider-
ing my age and experience, and the youth and inexperience
of most of those who are placed above me, not to dispa-
rage their intrinsic merit, appears to me to exhibit a very
exceptionable and derogatory preference, which can not
fail being extremely unpleasing to any man tinctured with
but a moderate share of emulation.
With humble deference therefore I entreat you will con-
descend to take the matter under consideration, and if you
conceive my complaint well founded, will be pleased to re-
dress it. For, in justice to myself, I am compelled to de-
clare, that though I am with alacrity to hazard my life in
the cause of my country, yet can I not be satisfied to do
it on terms which I must confess I look upon as somewhat
degrading, since a preference is given to many whose title
to a superiority over me I am unable to discern the foun-
dation of.
I am, gentlemen,
With the utmost respect and regard.
Your most obedt. and very hum. servt.
JACOBUS WYNKOOP.
New-York, Jugusl 15th, 1775.
[A letter from Johannis Sleght, Chairman of the Committee of Ulster
county, to their Deputies, informing that the soldiers are unwilling
to march without under clothes are given them.]
Kingston, .August lith, 1775.
Gentlemen — As our officers have made a promise to
the men they have enlisted in the Continental service, that
each soldier should have a coat, a drilling jacket and
breeches, two shirts, two pair of stockings, a pair of shoes
and a hat, over and above their monthly pay and subsist-
ence.
Whereas Col. Wynkoop has received orders to march
with the companies which are here raised, and has also
received a resolve of your Honourable Board that each
man is to have only a coat and blanket, which makes the
soldiers almost in general very uneasy, and say they will
not stir or march before they have received what is pro-
mised to them by the officers ; or at least that the officers
shall pass their word that they shall receive their full cloth-
ing in Albany, then they are willing to march immediately.
We are at a loss how to act in this affair. We beg the
favour of you to lay this matter before the Congress im-
mediately for their further orders and directions. In case
the men shall not be allowed any more than a coat and
blanket, we are afraid the men almost in general will re-
fuse to march. We beg of you to send us further direc-
tions by this express without fail. The colonel has order-
ed the companies to march the latter end of this week.
We are, gentlemen, your most obedient
And most humble servants.
By order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT, Chairman.
Albany, August 29th, 1775.
Sir — I am desired by Colo. Clinton to inform you that
he arrived here last Saturday, and has now with him six
companies encamped about a mile out of town ; that there
are guns enough to equip about three companies ; that
there are two companies besides that have arms, but want
some repairs ; and as there are not armourers sufficient at
Ticonderoga, must wait here till they can be repaired.
That there is great want of officers' tents, there being here
only sufficient for two companies and one tent for the lieu-
tenant colonel. Of soldiers' tents for our regiment there is
a sufficiency, (but no more than barely for our seven com-
panies ;) that the soldiers murmer much for want of pay,
and are very unwilling to march from here without it ; that
the medicine chest is not yet arrived, or a surgeon ; and
that drums and fifes are wanting. However, three com-
[VoL. II.] 20
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 77
panies will be equipped with all speed and sent off imme-
diately.
I am, sir, your very hum. servt.
HENRY LIVINGSTON, Junr.
To Hon. Peter Van Brdgh Livingston.
New-York, September 1, 1773.
Gentlemen — I take this opportunity from the regard
that I have for the cause of America's freedom, to acquaint
you that there is a set of judicious people that lives on
Staten island, who for the sake of a little gain, would sell
their and the country's privileges, as appears by their sel-
ling to the troops, which they have done last Tuesday,
such as hogs, sheep, geese, ducks and fowls, to go on board
the ship that lies now in the North river, to go to Boston,
and are determined to continue thus in letting them have
such stock as they want, as far as they are able to supply
them, and will spare no pains to provide for them. Mr.
Cubberly is to let them have some stock, as he is not wil-
ling to bring them up himself for fear of being discovered
in so doing, so that they are to call for them, and he will
let them have as far as he can spare. Last Tuesday they
had the above mentioned stock from John Van Pelt, Cor-
nelius Martino, Benjamin Martin, John Keteltas, Jacob
Barreger and Mary Barreger.
This notice to you is from a friend to the cause of Ame-
rica, desiring that I should acquaint you of the same,
which I do as it is my and every friend's duty to the cause
of America.
From your humble servant,
DAVID BURGER,
Partition street, New- York.
To the Provincial Congress.
Albany Committee Chamber, \
29th Augst. 1775. )
Gentn. — We expected when the army was once or-
ganized we should not be so frequently called upon about
matters not in our province ; but the situation of Colo.
Cortlandt, and the men under his command in a great mea-
sure obhges us to give him all the assistance in our power,
not however that it is to be made a precedent of. The en-
closed letter from Colo. Van Cortlandt will show you the
posture he is in, and the necessity of a speedy relief. We
fear we shall be able to affi)rd him but httle assistance.
The hospital and barracks are filled with Indians, attending
the Congress, the barns about the town loaded with the
crops of the season, and the city crowded continually with
a numerous concourse of people. The former and frequent
applications for ammunition has drained us in short of al-
most every thing of that sort.
We are gent, your humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ABM. YATES, Jvnr. Chairman.
Peter V. B. Livingston,
Prest. of the Congress.
[Letter from the chairman of the committee of Dutchess county, that
the people on board of Dop's sloop have come to supply the Asia and
transports.]
Charlotte Precinct, Augst. 31, 1775.
Gentn. — I am directed by the committee to write to you
respecting Messrs. Lester, Doughty and Berghs. We
have been credibly informed these persons have actually
enlisted a number of men to serve against us in some way
or another, and have threatened to come with an armed
vessel and carry off some of the inhabitants who have been
active in the present measures. They are now either in
New- York or on board the men of war. We must there-
fore request you will use your utmost endeavours in dis-
covering and apprehending them. We have also informa-
tion that his son is employed in purchasing live stock for
78
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &;c.
the use of the men of war. We would therefore recom-
mend that a vessel should be immediately procured for the
purpose of searching all vessels going up and down the
river. By this means not only the above supplies may
be prevented from reaching the men of war, but the above
persons may be the more readily apprehended. A particu-
lar look-out should be kept for the sloops belonging to the
Berghs and one Dopp. The propriety of this measure
however we leave in your discretion. We would also men-
tion to you as a suspected person, one Lauchlin McDonald,
who lately went from Fredericksburgh with some men he
had enlisted, in Peter Bogardus's sloop, belonging to
FishkiU.
I am also directed by the committee to request answers
to the following queries :
Whether the committees have power to call out the mi-
nute companies whenever they think proper ?
Whether we are authorized to engage the minute men at
any and what pay when in actual service ?
Whether the committee can be supplied with a small
sum to answer contingent charges ? Whatever expense
accrues now must be defrayed by the members of the
committee out of their own pockets, which we conceive to
be exceedingly hard upon us, considering the expense we
already are at in attending the committee without any hope
of compensation in the nature of wages.
Indeed we are in so much danger from the disaffected
persons in the county that we shall be soon obliged to take
some spirited measures respecting them ; those measures
however, we shall be unable to pursue without a proper
supply of cash. You may be assured it will be expended
with the utmost parsimony ; and a proper account will be
rendered of it.
You will be pleased to favour us with an answer as
speedily as possible.
I remain your very humble servt.
By order of the committee.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
[Letter fram Augts. Van Cortland, Esq. respecting the disposition of
the public records in safety.]
September 5, 1775.
Gentlemen — Being requested by the Provincial Con-
gress to enquire for some place of safety to deposite the
public records in, and to inform the Committee of Safety
thereof. Agreeable to which, Mr. Cortland informs the
Committee of Safety, that, previous to the above request,
he caused the public records to be put into chests, and
secured them in a cellar in his garden, made for that pur-
pose of stone and brick, well arched and exceeding dry.
This precaution was taken against accidents happening
by fire ; but should the city be invaded by an army from
Great Britain, or any British troops, he, in such case, in-
tended to remove them to his brother's, at Yonkers, in the
county of Westchester.
If the Committee of Safety shall judge any other place
more secure, Mr. Cortlandt will be glad to be informed
thereof, that he may communicate the same to the cor-
poration of this city for their approbation.
He remains their most obedient humble servt.
AUG. VAN CORTLANDT.
To the Committee of Safety in the city of New- York.
[Letter from committee of Tryon county ; copies of some resolves of
said committee ; a return of their militia officers.]
Tryon County Committee- Chamber, >
Jugust 26, 1775. I
Gentlemen — According to your regulations, we have
voted field officers for the battalions in our county, and
inclose you hereby a return as well of the said elected field,
as of the other officers, not doubting you will approve of
the same, and send us their respective warrants, that each
one be enabled to act with granted authority when need
requires, as without that it is very difficult to rule and
transact in our country and county in particular. We have
talready requested for your prescriptions in civil and militia
affairs, as especially the prosecution of civil laws in our
county is almost entirely stopped, having got but one justice
of our whole court left, who signed the association freely,
besides our Delegate, John Marlatt, Esq. For a cautious-
ness in need, we agreed to some clauses in the interim, a
copy of which we also here inclose to your approbation, if
you find proper ; but notwithstanding, we repeat our re-
quest, that you'll please to provide us with your legal rules
for cases of debts, trespasses, &c. as speedily as possible.
In regard of our present Delegate at your board, John Mar-
latt, Esq. if not urgent necessity requireth his longer stay
at your Convention, we humbly solicit for his relief, to
diminish our county expenses, the accruing of which with-
out want we must really avoid — will we satisfy the desires
of our people ?
Please also to remember our want of powder, as a most
necessary article of provision for our frontier place.
We admitted four new elected members to the commit-
tee of Palatine district, as per the inclosure will appear.
We remain, with much esteem, gentlemen.
Your obedt. hble. servts.
By order of the Comm.
NICOLAS HERCHKEIMER, Chairman.
P. S. We must annex yet, that we find urgent reason to
represent to you the troublesome and almost riotous beha-
viour of a person in Palatine district, named Charles Gor-
don, who resides but a short time in our county and the
district aforesaid. He was a leader of a small party in his
neighbourhood to vote a new committee for said Palatine
district. We had him before us, where he boldly, in com-
pany of three of his neighbours, insisted upon their proceed-
ings being legal, alleging for their authority a certain ad-
vertisement of our former chairman. Captain Christopher
P. Yates, now absent, and under the command of Major
General Schuyler at Ticonderoga. This advertisement,
upon inquiry, was found and proved illegal, having been
performed and put on arbitrarily without the consult and
consent of the old chosen committee, or the major part of
them. We would use easy ways to prevent further com-
motions with the said Gordon ; but he, depending upon his
artificial tongue and eloquence, wherew^ith he induceth a
good many ignorants on his side, would not cede, but striv-
eth rather daily to engage people for his opinion, promising
them to get the glorious victory against the old committee
of said district, to the contempt of the whole county com-
mittee. According to intelligence we had this day, he en-
deavours to collect subscriptions of ignorant people, as well
as of such being of a like temper with him, for his scheme,
planned and intended to continue commotions and distur-
bances, whereby a breach of union amongst us, formerly
enjoyed, must be feared.
By order of the coinmiltee.
NICOLAS HERCHKEIMER, Chairman.
[Letter from Samuel Van Vechten resigning his lieutenancy.]
Cat skill, August \~th, Yilo.
Sir — Your favour of the 3d inst. I do hereby acknow-
ledge to have received, enclosing a warrant for me from
the Provincial Congress as first-lieutenant in the company
of Capt. Jacobus Rosekrans ; and I do hereby return you
my sincere and hearty thanks for the honour you have in-
intended me by the appointment, and should be very glad
to accept the post, by \vhich means we might get acquaint-
ed with each other, which I doubt not would be to our mu-
tual satisfaction ; but must say, under my present circum-
stances, that I cannot accept thereof, my parents being
against the same, whom I think I am in duty bound to obey,
however inclined I am to the service. I have been down
to FishkiU and advised Capt. Rosekrans of my intention
not to accept the commission according to your request.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
79
Should have returned an answer to your letter sooner, but
no opportunity has oflfered before the return of this post.
The warrant I have enclosed, which I do not know if I
should keep, as I am little acquainted with military affairs.
With my respects, am dear sirs.
Your obt. and very humble servt.
SAML. VAN VECHTEN.
To Ph. Van Cortlandt, Esq.
[Letter from the Commissioners for building forts,]
Gentlemen — It appears to us, the commissioners ap-
pointed to erect the batteries, recommended by the Conti-
nental Congress, necessary that we should be informed
■whether any fixed sum is allotted for erecting the said bat-
teries, or whether it is left to the discretion of the commis-
sioners. We beg leave to observe that as this Province is
the centre of America, it is very probable that administra-
tion may endeavour to get possession of it, and thereby
prevent any assistance being sent from the southern Pro-
vinces to the New-England government. It is our opinion
that as it will be a Continental expense, the fortification
ought to be rendered respectable.
An engineer is expected in town to-morrow. We shall
be glad to know whether the Committee of Safety propose
agreeing with him, or whether the agreement is to be left
to the commissioners.
As our reputation is at stake in the erecting these fortifi-
cations, and as we are desirous of acquitting ourselves con-
sistent with the safety of the Province, we request that
you will be pleased to give us your full instructions.
We are, very respectfully, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servants.
SAML. BAYARD,
THOS. GRENELL,
WILLLA.M BEDLOW,
JOHN HANSON,
JOHN BERRIEN.
New-York, September 7, 1775.
[Intercepted letter from Theoph. Bache to Major Montcrief, at Boston.]
New-York, 3d September 1775.
Dear Major — I wrote to you a few days ago by the
transport which sailed from hence — I hope you have receiv-
ed it. It is now decreed by the Congress criminal to speak,
and as it would be equally so to write, not knowing into
whose hands this may fall before this reaches you, I am
determined not to transgress, as I wish to remain in the
country as long as I can, and not to do any thing which
may cause a banishment, or the punishment of being sent
to the mines of Symsbury ; which are punishments daily
inflicted on those poor culprits who are found or even sup-
posed to be inimical. Dont think of returning here whilst
this unhappy contest continues. You will be ferreted and
exposed to insults I would wish you to avoid. I will take
care of your wife as much as a brother or friend can do ;
she is well and as happy as can be expected. I expect
that she will lay in at Flatbush, as I think it would be
dangerous to bring her to town. The late firing of the
Asia has been fatal to many women in her situation. The
family join me in love to you.
And believe me to be, dear Moncrief,
Yours.
Suffolk County, August 31, 1775.
Gentlemen — Your letter of the 25th of this instant we
have received, wherein you recommend that we place two
companies of minute men at Monlock, and one at or near
Shelter island. There are no companies of minute men
yet formed in this county ; and when formed, we arc of
opinion that such companies cannot be prevailed on to be
stationed at those places, as those persons at the cast end
of the county who could be spared from their families are
already enlisted in the service of the Continent ; and the
western part of the county are unwilling that any persons
should go from them, on account of the danger of the
enemy and the people in an adjacent county. We are ex-
ceeding sorry that we shall be unable to protect the stock
at the east end from the ravages of our enemies, when the
troops are all gone from us. The stock is taken from Gardi-
ner's and Plumb islands. The hay on Gardiner's island,
we judge, will be of no service to General Gage if they
can not get stock, as they took no more than just sufficient
to keep the stock to Boston, and said they wanted no more.
We beg leave to observe to you that this county is under
considerable disadvantages on account of having no post
that rides through liong island ; and should be exceeding
glad if a post might be established in such manner as your
Honourable House shall direct.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obt. and very humble servants.
By order.
WM. SMITH, Chairman.
To the Hon. P. V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
On board the Transport, Septr. 5. 1775.
[Letter from a tory officer to Cornel, wishing for a supply of pro-
visions ; taken from a negro, called Dublin, by Capt. Nicholson, as
stated in his affidavit of the 8th Septr. 1775.]
Mr. Cornel :
Sir — I suppose you have tried every way to get
those things finished in the manner directed, but have not
been able, the communication between us and the shore
being entirely stopped. This is to put you in the way of
doing it ; which is, to get every thing ready by some time
which you will now appoint, and bring them from your
house in the middle of day to the packet which sails for
England in a few days. If any person says any thing to
you about it, you may tell them it is for stores to go on
board the packet, which the mate, Mr. Mitchel, spoke for.
When you get to the packet, you will tell Mr. Mitchel,
the mate, who they are for. He will take care of them
for me. When you bring the things, bring also an ac-
count of those things you bought for me. Do get them on
board by to-morrow noon, as the packet sails on Thurs-
day ; pray do not fail. Do try to send those letters that
were left at your house for me, by this or some other op-
portunity. I will be on board the packet to-morrow noon,
and will see you there. There will be no kind of danger
in carrying them on board the packet, as I will have them
brought on board the transport in the night from the packet.
Do send me an answer by the bearer, whether you will or
not. Perhaps you do not know which is the packet ; she
lies the other side of us, nearer the North river. She is a
brig that lies off ; you cannot miss her.
Your humb servt.
P. S. You had better see your W — h — d, I mean Da-
niel, and desire him to get them all ready to-day, that you
may bring them to-morrow. If you think this will not
do, you may sail close by us, with those things on board,
and we will bring you to, as we nave done many already ;
and then you may tell them you could not help yourself.
Let rac know which you will do, and when you will do it,
that I may take steps accordingly.
White Plains, Septr. llth, 1775.
Gentlemen — None of the inhabitants of the manor of
Fordham or West-Farms having appeared to support the
allegations of their petition, the consideration of which
you referred to us, we have appointed a sub-committee to
inquire into the matter, and report to us, at our next meet-
ing, how they find the case circumstanced.
Complaints having been made to this committee, that
an independent company is now forming in tiiis county,
and that the person who is most active about raising the
company, expects a commission from the Committee of
80
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Safety this week ; we are induced to request that no com-
missions for independent companies may be given out for
this county, as it will make the raising of minute compa-
nies exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, and put the
county into great confusion.
We enclose you the affidavit of Mr. William Hadley,
one of our committee, a man of unblemished character,
respecting the conduct of John Cock, who was chosen a
captain by the inhabitants of the Yonkers. Affidavits will
also be forwarded as soon as possible, of Mr. Cock's
speaking very disrespectfully of the Congress.
If the Committee of Safety are of opinion that it is im-
proper to give Mr. Cock a commission, we submit whether
it will not be necessary to acquaint those of our body who
live in the Yonkers therewith, that they may proceed to a
new election.
We enclose a list of the field officers nominated by the
committee of this county, which we beg leave to recom-
mend to the Provincial Congress, as persons properly
qualified for the several places for which they arc nomi-
nated.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most humb. servts.
By order of the committee.
GILBT. DRAKE, Chairman.
To John Habing, Esqr. Chairman of the
Committee of Safety at New-York.
Bridgehampton, Septr. 9th, 1775.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 25th August we duly
received, and note the contents. We would cheerfully
comply with your request in respect to raising two compa-
nies of minute men, for the defence of the stock at Mon-
tock, but we think it entirely out of our power, as we are but
a small number of people here, and a considerable part of
our strength is already gone in the service. We have
called a meeting of the joint committees of South and
Easthampton this day, and have voted to call our militia
together, in the second battalion, in order to enlist a com-
pany if possible, to send directly off to Montock, as it is
at present without even a soldier to guard it ; and we are
fearful we shall not have sufficient ammunition amongst us
to fix out one company ; and should General Gage's troops
come upon us in this destitute condition, we shall be abso-
lutely under the disagreeable necessity of complying with
their terms. Therefore, gentlemen, we must beg the fa-
vour that we may have two companies sent here as soon
as possible. It is the opinion of General Wooster that we
are in the most defenceless condition of any part of this
Continent.
By order of the committee.
DAVID PEARSON, Chairman.
Southampton, Sept. 9th 1775.
Gentn. — I would inform you that I marched with my
company from Montauck the Tth instant ; am preparing to
march, and shall set off by the middle of next week. My
company will want a number of guns, &c. as the inhabi-
tants that supplied them will not let them go away, plead-
ing the want of them themselves. I give you this timely
notice that the company may not be detained long when we
come to New York, &c.
I am, gentn. your humble servt.
JOHN HULBERT.
To P. V. B. Livingston, Esq.
Brookhaven, 11th September, 1775.
Gentlemen of the Congress,
We beg a favour of you to send us a few lines from
under your hands, to let us know whether it is our busi-
ness to attend to the choosing the non-commissioned officers
by the military company, or whether it is the prerogative
of the commissioned officers to appoint from time to time
such persons as they shall think most proper to serve in
the militia as sergeants, corporals, drummer, fifer and
clerk.
RICHARD WODHULL,
SAMUEL THOMPSON.
Committee men.
To the Congress at New-York.
[A letter from the Quakers' Committee of Sufferings, of their hav-
ing solidly considered the order of the Committee of Safety, and that
they cannot consistent with their principles number the males of their
Society.]
From our meeting for sufferings held in Neto-York, )
this ilk day of the 9lh month, 1775. \
Respected Friends. — Yesterday was laid before this
meeting a request signed by Robert Benson, Secretary to
said Committee, desiring without delay a list of all the
males amongst us, the people called Quakers, in this city
and county from sixteen to sixty ; which said request hath
been solidly considered, and we are of the mind that we
cannot comply therewith consistent with our religious prin-
ciples. Therefore hope you will not consider such refusal
as the eflfect of an obstinate disposition ; but as it really is
truly conscientious scruple, which we desire may at all limes
be exercised in such peaceable manner as to give no just
cause of offence in the sight of God or man.
In tenderness, we remain respectfully, your friends.
Signed by order and on behalf of our meeting aforesaid,
by
WILLIAM RICKMAN, Clerk.
To the Committee appointed for Safety for
the Colony of New-York during the re-
cess of the Provincial Congress.
Camp at Harlem, Sept. 15th, 1775.
Sir — I have before me the order of the Provincial
Congress of the 13th instant, directing me to order a full
company of the troops under my command to proceed to
the fortifications erecting on the banks of Hudson's river in
the Highlands, to be employed there in erecting and guard-
the same. In obedience to the order of the Continen-
tal Congress, &c. I have lately received instructions from
General Washington, consistent with which I can not dis-
perse my troops, unless ordered by him or the Continental
Congress. Therefore think it necessary that the order of
the Continental Congress upon which yours is predicated
should be sent to me before I can determine whether to
order a company to the Highlands or not. I have no ob-
jections to employing my troops in any service that shall
be judged of public utility, consistent with my orders.
I am, sir, with truth and regard,
Your most obedient humble servt.
DAVD. WOOSTER.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq.
[Copy of Col. Clinton's orders to the different committees in the
county of Dutchess.]
To the different committees in the count}' of Dutchess.
Gentlemen — Please to deliver to Doct. Samuel Cook
or Lieutenant John Langdon, or any of them, what arms
you may collect for the use of Capt. Duboys and Capt.
Billings' companies, in my regiment, agreeably to a resolve
of the Provincial Congress of New-York, dated August the
8th, 1775, and take their receipt for the same, and you
will oblige.
Gentlemen, your humble servt.
JAMES CLINTON, Col.
Mgt. 2Ath, 1775.
Attested per
DiRCK G. Brinckerhoff, Chairman.
[A copy of the receipt of John Langdon, Lieut.]
Received of Mr. Jacobus Swartwout, deputy chairman of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
81
the committee of observation for the precinct of Rumbout,
by the hands of Capt. Jacob Griffin, forty guns, amounting
in the whole to eighty-one pounds eight shillings, which
were purchased by said committee for the use of the Con-
tinental army.
JOHN LANGDON, Lieut.
Jlugt. 29th, 1775.
Since the foregoing, and before the signing, have re-
ceived one gun of Jacob Duboys — price £] 15s.
JOHN LANGDON Lieut.
Attested per
DiRCK G. Brinckerhoff, Chairman.
Augt. 25, 1775 — Received of the committee of Rum-
bout's precinct, by the hands of Isaac Hegeman, nine mus-
kets, which they have purchased agreeably to a resolution
of the Provincial Congress, for the use of Capt. Duboys'
and Capt. Billings' companies.
JAMES CLINTON, Col.
A true copy,
DiRCK G. Brinckerhoff, Chairman.
£ s. d.
Mosket, bought of Joseph Taylor, marked,
IT
2 00 0
do
of Jacob Backer,
do
BK
2 10 0
do
of Peter Vandewater,
do
PW
2 10 0
do
of Peter Van Steenberg-h do
PVSB
2 00 0
do
of Abm. Sleght,
of Willm. Rogers,
do
AS
2 15 0
do
do
WR
2 00 0
do
of Jacobus Middagh,
do
IM
2 15 0
do
of Willm. Baker,
do
WB
2 05 0
do
of Isaac Hegeman,
4 00 0
£22 15 0
This is Capt. Hegeman's account for the nine guns for
which Col. Clinton gave his receipt, amounting to twenty-
two pounds fifteen shillings. This signed by order of the
committee for Rumbout's precinct.
DIRCK G. BRINCKERHOFF, Chairman
RECAPITULATION.
Lieut. John Langdon's receipt for forty-one guns, amounting
to £83 03 0
Col. Clinton's receipt for nine guns, amounting to 22 15 0
£105 18 0
[A letter from the committee of Rumbout's precinct, in Dutchess
county, with copies of sundry receipts for arms.]
Dutchess county, Rumbout's precinct, Sept. 9th 1775.
Gentlemen — By request of Col. James Clinton, we
have collected all the arms we could for Capts. Billings'
and Duboys' companies, in the service of the Provincial
Congress, in consequence of a resolve of theirs of the 8th
ultimo ; the cost whereof you have on the other side, by
copy, signed by myself as chairman of Rumbout's precinct,
Dutchess county. The original receipts and orders are in
my hands, which have kept for fear of miscarrying, and
have therefore sent the copies altested by me as chairman.
When the originals are wanted, they shall be sent by a safe
hand ; in the mean time, the people are anxious for their
moneys, and are daily calling for it, for which as a com-
mittee we have bound ourselves. Therefore, desire you
will immediately, on receipt hereof, send the sum of money
the arms amount to, to myself, as chairman, or to Jacobus
Swartwout, deputy chairman ; or to Henry Schenck, clerk ;
or to Henry Godwin, deputy clerk, who will give receipts
to the Congress that the moneys are received and paid to
the persons of whom the arms were purchased.
1 am, b^ order of the commiltee.
Gentlemen, your humble servt.
DIRCK G. BRINCKERHOFF, Chairman.
To Peter Van Bruch Livingston, Ksq. or in recess of the
Congress, to the Chairman of the Committee of Safety,
New- York.
[Vol. II.] 21
Mbany, Sept. 6th, 1775,
Gentlemen — I lately received a number of gun barrels,
which were sent by Major Genl. Schuyler's orders from
the garrisons above, to be stocked, locked and made fit for
the service. As many of them as could be repaired in this
city and Schenectady, I have delivered to the armourers.
180 are sent to Connecticut; the remainder were ordered
to be sent to the Provincial Congress. They shall be sent
down and consigned to Mr. Peter T. Curtenius.
Those repaired in this city and Schenectady, I cannot
with propriety pay for. I must therefore request the Con-
gress will give orders for it. I know of nobody to whom
I can apply for that purpose ; it being the General's opi-
nion a Provincial charge, ultimately to be paid by the as-
sociated Colonies.
The number of barrels sent are 237.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your obedt. humb. servant,
V^ALTER LIVINGSTON, D. C. Genl.
To the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from the committee of Tryon county, transmitting notice of the
election of a new sheriff.]
Tryon County Committee Chamber, )
Sept. 7th, 1775. 5
Honourable Gentlemen — By the affidavits against the
sheriff, Alexander White, now prisoner in the Albany
jail, sent to you the 26th of August last, you will be much
convinced of his inimical behaviour against the common
cause, and in particular against our county ; and as the
said sheriff is undoubtedly unworthy of his office, which
commission shall be expired this instant month, we the
committee, upon the motion of the whole county (the lo-
ries only excepted,) granted a public voting of a new she-
riff for our county, to the freeholders and inhabitants there-
in residing, by which John Frey, Esqr. of Palatine district,
got the majority of votes. The dangerous circumstances
of our county by such a traitorous ruler as this White, give
us great reason to protest against him, and fearing that
either himself or another one equal to him might be m-
trusted again by the Governor in N. York for the future ser-
vice in the sheriff's office of our county, we resolved una-
nimously to apply to you for the directions of our present
proceedings, begging that you will please to represent the
same to His E.\cellency the Governor, and request his
pleasure, upon our chosen sheriff above named, whom
we can commend as a real friend to our American cause,
a well proved member of our committee, and especially a
worthy man for this office of sheriff, to the almost unani-
mous approbation of our freeholders and inhabitants. We
recommend and leave entirely to your discretion the fur-
ther necessary addresses to the behoof of our county's
wishes and desire, not doubting that you will endeavour to
interfere therein, as much as it lies in your power, to the
confirmation of the aforesaid new chosen sheriff.
It is a general complaint in our county against the whole
litigation of our court, and other public houses ; and a like
against the officers therein appointed, as we have been
under remarkable grievances, suffered during their autho-
rity, and hardly could get justice done, especially such per-
sons not having their partial interest. But we will rely on
your favourable advice regarding the alteration in this grie-
vous matter, when and where to apply for.
Wc have to annex and to enclose you another affidavit
of consequence against the said sheriff, White, lo your se-
rious consideration ; and it is to be feared, that if said
While will not soon be delivered to your care and determi-
nation, he, with the secret schemes of his concealed friends
in Albany, might get his escape to a conse([Uential hurt of
our cotmty in particular, and generally of our American
cause.
There is another great number of proved enemies against
our association and regulations thereof proceeding, in and
82
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
about Johnstown, at Kingsborough, under the direction
and orders of Sir J ohn Johnson, being Highlanders, amount-
ing to about 200 nnen, according to inteUigence. We are
daily scandahzed by them, provoked and threatened, and
we must surely expect a ravage of them in our families, if
we should be required and called elsewhere for the defence
of our country's cause.
We carmot suffer much longer. Their behaviour against
us is without blame and consequential damage ; and there-
fore we thought proper to lay this in particular before you,
with an humble request that you will consider this matter
seriously, and delay not to favour us with your resolve
therein — or on the contrary, by the daily rumour of the
people in our side of the county, an uproar against indul-
gent proceedings of our committee must be expected.
We remain, with great esteem, honourable gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servants,
By order of the committee.
NICHOLAS HERCHKEIMER, Chairman.
P. S. We have great suspicion, and are almost assured
that Sir John has a continual correspondence with Col.
Guy Johnson and his criminal party.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
of New- York.
[Letter from John Wctherhead, exculpating himself of the charges
of giving Capt. Vandeput intelligence of removing the guns from
the Battery, and going to Staten Island for the purpose of procur-
ing stock for the use of the army and navy.]
jJsia, nth Sept. 1775.
Sir — By letters I have received from my friends on
shore, I understand that a certain Dr. Nicholson, and
some other evil minded persons, had endeavoured to in-
jure me greatly by telling the Committee that I was the
person who informed Captain Vandeput of a design to
take away the guns from the Battery, on the 23d of last
month ; that I had also been to Staten island in disguise,
to purchase provisions to send to Boston in the transport ;
and further, that I had furnished the said Nicholson and
a negro man, with pistols to defend themselves, if neces-
sary, at the time they were purchasing provisions for the
same purpose.
As the above reports are either infamous falsehoods or
gross misrepresentations, the duty I owe to myself and
family, induces me to trouble you, sir, as a member of
the Committee, with the following account of my conduct
with respect to the matters alleged against me, beseech-
ing you to do me the favour to show this letter to the Com-
mittee, or to any other gentlemen in the city you may
think proper, not doubting but the candour of my fellow
chizens will immediately acquit me of every obnoxious
charge brought against me by the malevolent tongue of
malice and scandal.
On the 23d of last month, having occasion to see Capt.
Herbert of the 59th regiment, (who I understood, kept
chiefly on board the packet,) in order to deliver a letter I
had received from Elizabeth Town, with a particular re-
quest that I would deliver it with my own hands, I went
down to Blundell's to watch for the packet's boat ; but as
no boat came on shore, I took the opportunity of the
Asia's boat. As soon as I got on board the Asia, Captain
Vandeput called me aside, and asked me whether I had
heard any thing concerning a design to take the guns away
that night from the Battery. My answer was, that I had
tiot heard any thing about the matter, nor did I believe it.
He then read to me a note, he said he had received from
shore that morning, giving him the information, telling
me at the same time, that he could entirely depend on
the person who wrote the note, and assured me he could
not avoid firing upon the persons who should make the
attempt. I then left him, and went on board the trans-
port, where I was told Capt. Herbert was at dinner ; as
far as I rememeber, it was then near 5 o'clock in the after-
noon. I had not been half an hour on board the trans- '
port, before two or three gentlemen came on board, with
looks of the utmost consternation, assuring me the town
was in the greatest confusion, and that the guns were to
be taken away ; and that 200 men were in quest of me,
Mr. Bayard and several other gentlemen, who they were
determined to secure ; beseeching me, if I had any regard
for my own life or safety, by no means to attempt going
on shore. This was afterwards confirmed to me by young
Roberts and another gentleman, and this is all I know
about that matter.
The second charge concerning my purchasing provisions
to send to Boston, or assisting any other person in so do-
ing, is equally without foundation. It is true that I was
at Staten island along with the captain of the transport ;
it is also true that I was present when the captain pur-
chased some stock from two or three persons on the island ;
but I am entirely obliged to my enemies for the informa-
tion, that the stock, or any part of it, was intended for
Boston, nor do I know that any of it is gone thither. In
order, however, to explain this transaction justly and
clearly, permit me, sir, to tell you all the circumstances
as they happened. You and every other gentleman will
then be able to judge how far the merit or demerit of that
transaction is to be laid at my door.
You will please to observe that the captain of the trans-
port had proposed to me to take a sail with him in his
long boat as far as Amboy, to pay a friendly visit to one
Mr. Sprowle, a young gentleman who lives with Captain
Holland. I consented to go with him on condition that he
would agree to go with me to Middletown point, where
my intention was to pay a visit to my wife's sister, Mrs.
Morris, whom I had not seen for some time, and who
was at that time very ill. We accordingly set out in the
afternoon ; and when we got to the Narrows, discovered
the Kingfisher lying at anchor about 4 miles off, and in
a little while after we saw her long boat put off and stand
towards us. As there was but little wind, and the tide
begun to make against us, she soon came up with us,
when I found she was sent on shore with Mr. Unkles, who
persuaded us by no means to attempt going any farther
ttiat evening, as it was impossible for us to get to Amboy
by daylight. Mr. Unkles, as a further inducement, told
us that if we wanted any fresh provisions, he was sure
we might purchase it with great ease in that neighbour-
hood, for that he had procured 10 sheep the day before
from one Cuzzen or Curson, for Captain Montague. The
captain immediately catched at this information with great
eagerness. He would therefore go no further. Unkles
stepped on board our boat, and we went on shore toge-
ther, where Unkles led us from house to house to pur-
chase stock, a good part of which was purchased hy the
captain and Unkles, under the pretence that we were part
of 16 passengers and 10 servants outward bound, in a
vessel belonging to London, and that no live stock could
be had at New- York. In short, we loaded our boat with
ducks, geese, fowls, roasting pigs, and a few lambs, and
returned back again, when I insisted that the stock should
be immediately divided between the Asia and the trans-
port, which was accordingly done. Our part of it on
board the Asia was soon eat up, for we had had no fresh
provisions ever since the 23d. The case w^as the same
with the transport, and I fancy the Staten island stock was
made an end of several days before she sailed from hence.
For my part, I thought myself happy, and do still think
so, that the stock was procured, as it in some measure
tended to quiet the minds of the officers, who were very
highly exasperated at the town's people for stopping the
fresh beef — in so much, that some steps like to have been
taken that would have been very fatal to numbers in the
city.
As to the pistols, and the story Nicholson told about
them, he well knows it to be an infamous fabrication of
his own. The pistols were not mine, nor did I even know
that he or the pistols were gone till three days after. But
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
83
this I know, and can prove, that the gentlemen on board
the transport assured us Nicholson had stole the pistols,
for that he had not asked any body's consent to take them.
Thus, sir, I have given you as true and circumstantial
account of the several matters alleged against me, as my
memory can furnish me with ; and you will greatly oblige
me by showing it to the Committee, or to any gentlemen
in the city. In the mean time, I have the pleasure of
subscribing myself with great sincerity.
Sir, your most obedient servant,
JOHN WETHERHEAD.
[A letter from David Pye, that Capt. Johnson's men have deserted.]
Clarkstowa, Sept. 21st, 1775.
Gentlemen — By the bearer hereof (Mr. Fairchild,)
the committee here have information several of Captain
Johnson's men have deserted, and some of them are already
returned here. The committee will be glad of your advice
how to proceed in apprehending them and sending them
again to Albany ; and if any provision will be made to de-
fray the expenses that will accrue in so doing, I have fur-
nished the bearer with a horse, and you may furnish the
committee with an answer when he returns again.
I am, gentlemen, in behalf of the committee.
Your humb. servant,
DAVID PYE.
To the Committee of Safety, New- York.
[A letter from Robert Boyd, that he hopes in a few daj's to send down
some gun barrels in short time.]
New-York, 22d Sept. 1775.
Your favour of the 15th inst. came safe to hand. I think
the- Honourable Congress have reason to wonder that no
sample of gun barrels &c. are as yet produced. When I
contracted I thought I would have had a number made be-
fore this time, but as yet cannot say I am altogether fixed ;
however, I hope in a few days to furnish the Congress with
some, and if can be conveniently spared shall attend ; at
which time hope to give all the gentlemen satisfactory rea-
sons why none have been produced sooner.
I am, dear sir, with all due obedience,
Your,s, and the Honourable Congress's,
Most obedt. humb. servt.
ROBT. BOYD, June.
To Mr. Jacobus Vanzandt, merchant, New-York.
[A letter from Ebenezer Hazard, that the eastern post-riders want
money.]
New-York, Septr. 25th, 1775.
Gentlemen — The importunity of the eastern post-rid-
ers obUges me to take the liberty of reminding you of their
accounts, and praying your attention to them. These per-
sons were accustomed to punctual payment while in the
service of the other office, which leads tliem to expect it
now, and indeed the narrowness of their circumstances is
such, that if they are not paid very soon they will be una-
ble to continue riding, and be obliged through dire necessi-
ty to quit the service.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very hum. servt.
EBEN. HAZARD.
To the Honourable the Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New- York.
[Col. McDousjall's orders to Col. Lasher, when the battalion was goin?
to hunt at Hempstead— shewn to the Committee, and execution of the
orders deferred.]
New-York, September 2rM, 1775.
Sir — Last Saturday several members of the Coramittee
of Safety went to Queens county in order to obtain arms,
agreeably to the enclosed resolution without force. I have
smce been well informed that many persons in that county
are in arms to oppose the execution of the resolution. You
are therefore, with your battalion to proceed as soon as
possible to Jamaica, with two or three day's provision ; and
if you find any opposition given to the execution of the
resolution by force in that county, you are to repel force by
force, and secure those in arms, and apprehend all such as
you shall find, upon good information, have been leaders in
opposing the measures of the Continental and Provincial
Congress. But you are to avoid as much as possible the
effusion of blood ; and not to destroy the property of any
man, under any pretence whatsoever ; nor to offer the least
violence to such as shall peaceably submit to the resolution
of the Committee of Safety ; and in all other respects
strictly to regard the said resolution as the rule of your
conduct.
T am, sir,
Your humble servant,
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
To Colonel John Lasher.
[A letter from Thaddeus Burr, sheritT of Fairfield, stating that he has
had Angus McDonald thirteen weeks, and desires to know who is to
pay for his maintenance.]
Fairfield, Septr. 26th, 1775.
Gentlemen — It is now thirteen weeks since Angus
McDonald was committed to the jail in this place, as I
suppose by your order, but of this I have no certainty, nor
do I know where my jailer is to get his pay for boarding
and attending upon him in close jail. If you mean to do
it, I should be glad to know it. I think it very unreason-
able that I should have the trouble of him any longer, con-
sidering you have very good jails in your city. I hope
therefore you will take him off my hands, I have wrote
to you twice before this concerning this man, and have had
no answer. If I have none to this, shall dismiss him with-
out any further ceremony.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obt. humb. servt.
THADDEUS BURR,
Sheriff of Fairfield county.
To the Committee of Safety, New- York.
[Fourteen affidavits and a letter, being testimony against Timothy
Doughty, Adam Bergh, Clirislian Bergh, Junr. and others.]
Rhinebeck precinct, Sept. 23rd, 1775.
Sir — Enclosed you have a number of affidavits respect-
ing Messrs. Berghs, Doughty &c. taken partly by a joint
committee from Charlotte and Rhinebeck precincts, and
partly by the committee of the latter precinct alone.
I remain your very humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON.
To the genllemen attending the Commitee of
Safety in New-York, as Members of the
county of Dutchess.
Philadelphia, 2lst Septem. 1775.
Gentlemen — Be pleased by tlie first opportunity to fa-
vour us with a particular account of the number of men
raised in our Colony in pursuance of the orders of the
Congress when the several detachments marched ; where
they are at present ; whether they are armed, and what
steps were taken for that purpose ? We also wish to know
the progress made in erecting the works in the Highlands ;
whether the materials are purchased, or what proportion ;
and when they may probably be completed ? Inform us
also of the exact quantity of powder our Colony has, at
their own expense, forwarded to cither army, that it may
84
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
be replaced out of the Continental stock as soon as it can
be afforded.
We are, gcnllenaen.
Your most obedient humble servants,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
JOHN JAY,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, JuNR.
WM. FLOYD,
FRANS. LEWIS.
P. S. Acquaint us likewise of the prices you gave for
the different sorts of cloth for tents and the making.
To the Committee of Safety of New- York.
[Letter from the Commissioners at the fortifications in the Highlands.]
Fort Constitution, >
!<eptember 2:ilh, nib. I
Gentlemen — We received last night a letter from Mr.
Berrien informing us that the plan for building the fortifi-
cation, with the estimation of the expenses, was transmit-
ted to the Continental Congress. We should have es-
teemed ourselves happy had we been consulted on this
subject before it had been sent forward. It was easy for
one of our body to have waited upon the Committee of
Safety and have given them full satisfaction relative to the
situation of the ground, which it is not possible for them
to know by the plan. We conceive that an operation of
this kind is intended for the defence of the Colony and for
the advantage of America in general. If we are right
in our conjecture, Mr. Romans's plan is not sufficient ; it
will be only a temporary expedient to prevent vessels going
up the river ; and should the fortification fall into the hands
of the Ministerial troops, it will prove the ruin of the Pro-
vince ; therefore it was not possible for him to give you
any calculation relative to the whole expense, as it will be
absolutely necessary to extend the works ; and the place
we are convinced may be made impregnable, and the ex-
pense not enormous. It appears to us that it would have
been much better to have calculated the amount of what it
would cost, than to be obliged hereafter to apply a second
lime to the Continental Congress. However, we submit
our ideas to your judgment ; it is our duty to be faithful to
the important charge committed to our care, as we will
not be answerable for measures we cannot conduct ; there-
fore request the favour of you, gentlemen, to inform us
whether we are under Mr. Romans's direction, or whether
he is obliged to consult with us upon the measures to be
pursued. You cannot blame us for this request, as the
safety, honour and interest of our country, and its future
welfare, depend upon this important post. We think it
our duty to give you a hint, which seems to merit your
consideration, vizt. Governor Tryon, Mr. Wm. Bayard
and Major Bayard, have been up in our neighbourhood.
His Excellency did not say any thing, but both the Bay-
ards examined Capt. Palmer, our captain, with great scru-
tiny, in the presence of His Excellency, about the fortifi-
cation, the nature of the ground, the state it was in, how
many guns were mounted, and how many men watched.
This happened on Saturday, at Haverstraw. We shall
keep a look out, for we expect them near to us. Will it
not be prudent that we should have a guard ? The minute
men at New-Windsor want powder ; they are ready to
come to our assistance if they had it. We ought to have
powder and shot for our guns, as we shall mount six this
week, nine pounders.
We are with respect, gentlemen.
Your most obt. servts.
SAMUEL BAYARD,
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
JOHN HANSON.
New-York, mh Sept. 1775.
Sir — I arrived this day from England, and am sorry to
find the country in its present unhappy state. That my
arrival may not afford anxiety to any person, nor T be ex-
posed to any inconveniencies, I take the liberty to assure
you that the purpose of my voyage is barely to visit my
family, and not to act in any military capacity, and propose
when my leave of absence is out, to return to England.
You will therefore do me the favour to declare the con-
tents of this letter in such a way as you think best for pre-
venting any trouble from the jealousies of tlie people re-
lating to
Sir, your most obedient humble servant.
JOHN PLENDERLEATH.
Gentlemen — I waited on Dr. Treat, who advises me
to go up as a cadet by all means in the preference to doc-
tor's mate. Hope gentlemen you will favour me with the re-
commendatory letters to the generals, which recommenda-
tions I shall endeavour to do honour to by my behaviour.
I have likewise met an intimate friend, who promises, pro-
vided I go, to recommend me to Dr. Strong, who I have
some acquaintance with ; and as he is head surgeon to the
army, make no doubt but I shall be well received. Pro-
vided you grant me an order. Colonel McDougall has con-
sented to my going with Captain Johnson ; hope therefore
you will grant my request, as I act from principle.
I have the honour to be gentlemen.
Your humble servt.
GEORGE NICHOLSON.
Sept. 28. 1775.
Westchester county, ss. — Eunice Purdy of Rye, in
the said county, spinster, being duly sworn upon the Holy
Evangelists of Almighty God, deposelh and saith, that on
or about the 2d September instnnt, Godfrey Hains was at
Daniel Purdy's at Rye, and in conversation at that time
said he understood that the Committee or Congress had
made a law to oblige all to train under them, and that, "damn
them, if they came after him, they should either kill him
or he would kill some of them ; and that dead or alive he
would be revenged ; and that he had enough in his pocket
for five or six of them." That he also damned the Con-
gresses and Committees frequently, and said that he had as
leave be in hell as in the hands of the Congress or Com-
mittee ; that they would see if they were not ail cut down
in a fortnight at farthest ; that he wished the men of war
would come along the Sound, and that he would be one to
shew them who to fire upon ; and that he wished they had
raised their company three months ago, for then the matter
would have been settled before that time ; and further this
deponent saith not.
her
EUNICE + PURDY.
mark.
Sworn the 28th September, 1775, >
before me. >
GiLBT. Drake.
[Letter from Gilbert Drake, chairman of the committee of Westches-
ter, accompanying Godfrey Hains, a tory.]
While Plains, Septr. 29, 1775.
Gentlemen — We send you by Mr. Daniel Winter,
Godfrey Hains, a person who was accused and convicted
before us, of denying the authority, and speaking con-
temptuously of the Congresses, and the committee of this
county. He was ordered to be disarmed, and upon exam-
ining him respecting his arms and ammunition, he confess-
ed that he has a gun, pistol, sword, powder and ball, but
refused informing the committee where they are ; and as
Hains is a single man, the committee think it highly impro-
bal)le that his arms can be found.
We enclose you an affidavit which induces us to think
him a very dangerous man ; and therefore send him to you
to be dealt with as you think proper.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
85
After reading the affidavit we think it needless to ac-
quaint you that his conduct (by the best information we
can get) has been very extraordinary — such as going armed,
and giving out threats against some of the committee and
the Connecticut troops, &c.
The committee think it extremely necessary for the
safety of the county, that the commissions for the militia
officers should be immediately forwarded.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most humble servants.
By order of the committee.
GILBT. DRAKE, Chairman.
To the Committee of Safety
for the Province of New-Yorfc.
New-York, 29th September, 1775,
Gents. — The snow Georgia, Capt. Bolton, is arrived at
Sandy Hook, from Glasgow, where she has discharged 40
passengers and their baggage, and is to proceed to Georgia
with her cargo, for which port she was bound ; but on the
11th inst. in a severe gale of wind, lost her mainmast and
all the sails and spars belonging thereto, and the captain
says he cannot proceed without being repaired. He has
applied to us for furnishing him with the necessaries, which
we intend doing, if agreeable to you.
With much esteem, we are, gentlemen.
Your most humble servants,
WALTER & THOS. BUCHANAN.
Clarkstown, September 30, 1775.
Sir — Enclosed is the account of the expenses, &c. attend-
ing taking up the deserters belonging to Capt. Johnston's
company. The money, when paid, is best to be sent to
the committee, as it is to be paid to several persons. The
pay of the officers and minute men is not charged. That
matter is to be left to the Committee of Safety or the Con-
gress.
Sir, your most humble servant,
DAVID PYE.
To John Harin'g, Esq.
Bristol, September 29, 1775.
Gentlemen — Messieurs Charles De Wolf, Anthony De
Wolf, Josiah Finney, and Stephen Smith, charterers of the
sloop Hannah, bound to New-York, informing us the com-
mittee of inspection for Bristol in the Colony of Rhode-
Island, of their intention to purchase a load of flour for the
use of the inhabitants of this place, and requesting our ap-
probation of their design, and a recommendatory letter from
us to you. We, considering the great scarcity of flour in
this town, do approve of their undertaking as aforesaid, and
recommend the said Charles De Wolf and company as
true friends to the liberties of America ; and from tlieir
well known, firm attachment to the rights of their country,
we are confident to assure you, that if they obtain leave
from you to purchase said load of flour, all possible care
will be taken to convert it to the use aforesaid, and secure
it from the piratical seizure of our common enemy.
In the name of the committee.
SHEARJASHUB BOURN, Chairman.
To the Committee of Inspection for the city of New- York.
Albany, September 24, 1775.
Gentlemen — The enclosed per Continental Congress,
I received this morning from Major-Gen. Schuyler, re-
questing me to forward it to the Provincial Congress of
New-York by some very safe hand, with an intention that
it should be sent from thence in such manner as it may be
least liable to miscarry.
The General is extremely ill with a complication of dis-
[Voi. II.] 22
orders. Notwithstanding every effort, he has made to bear
up against the severity of them, he was reduced to the
distressing necessity of leaving the army at the Isle aux
Noix, and repairing to Ticonderoga, to try if possible to
get a reestablishment of his health.
I am, with due respect,
Gentn. your most obed. hum. servt
WALTER LIVINGSTON.
To the Provincial Congress of New- York.
Philadelphia, September 28, 1775.
Gentlemen — By the first safe opportunity I send you
the 32 articles of agreement for the due regulation and go-
vernment of the associations in the Colony of Pennsylvania.
I beg the favour of you to let me know as quick as pos-
sible whether the saltpetre has arrived from Connecticut,
that your Committee of Safety informed me a few days
ago, when last in town. Also, if any accounts from that
which was expected another way. I want to send to the
workman as quick as possible, but dare not send him until
I can get some saltpetre, at least a few hundred weight.
I am, gentlemen,
Your assured friend and very humble servt.
HENRY WISNER.
To John Haring and John McKesson, Esqrs.
Philadelphia, September 30, 1775.
Gentlemen — Enclosed I send you the military articles
delivered out by the Committee of Safety for the Colony
of Pennsylvania. After I wrote the enclosed letter, I found
that the associators generally refused signing, and that
they had printed their reasons for so doing. I then thought
best to wait till I could send both together, which I hope,
may apologize for my not sending sooner. It is some mat-
ter of doubt with me whether our people will be prevailed
on to sign them — I rather think they will not ; however,
you will be best judges of that, and the propriety of so doing,
if it may be done. I beg you to send me an answer to
that part of the enclosed letter that relates to saltpetre, as
quick as possible. Direct my letters to the care of Wil-
ham Will, at the corner of Second and Arch streets. If
you dehver it to Henry Will, pewterer, New-York, he will
send it, as he very frequently corresponds with his brother.
I am, gentlemen, your humble servant.
HENRY WISNER.
Newburgh, 30th September, 1775.
Gentlemen — I received yours per bearer, Mr. McDo-
nald, respecting my lead mine. As to your offer of pur-
chasing the lead in case I opened it, I should be more
obliged to you in case lead was an article that was not vend-
able to any one else. However, to satisfy you and the
bearer, I have caused the mine to be shewn him, as also
one on the land of Judge Livingston, in which I am part
owner. A sample per bearer, with his opinion on the mat-
ter, you will have. I think it an object worthy your and the
Continental Congresses' notice. You may, if you please,
work my mine for a small profit to me, and Judge Livings-
ton says you may have his free during these troublesome
times. I should be glad to say more to you on the matter
but am so indisposed at present I cannot write.
I am, gentlemen, your most humble servant.
THOMAS PALMER.
P. S. The bearer has been, since here, to Judge Li-
vingston's, and to see the mines I have and Judge Livings-
ton's letter, informing me that you may work his free.
To the Hon. Committee of Safety
during the recess of Congress.
86
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &e.
[Mr. M'Donald's letter on the subject of lead mines in Ulster county.]
The information of John M'Donald, late miner and clerk
from Scotland, who on the 15th of Sept. 1775, was appoint-
ed to proceed to Mr. Palmer's, at Newbury, to examine his
lead mines. And according to my charge have taken in-
spection of the state and value of the mines with all possi-
ble diligence conformable to mincry, which as in the fol-
lowing is most humbly shown. The principal and only
valuable mine that I know of, and I make not the least
doubt the best in this continent, is on Judge Livingston's
land adjoining to Mr. Palmer's. The inclination of the
main vein is to the southwest and northeast, and of two
foot breadth, mostly white spar, from which I have taken a
sample of the ' ore, &c. may make you sensible, if it be
worth your while to put it in execution, and from its advan-
tageous situation for working, is most likely to turn out to
imm.ediate profit both for the owner and the Continent.
The branch of Mr. Palmer's mine is about five foot
breadth, consisting of diflfcrcnt sorts of spar, and seems to
me to be of likely quality but at present free from the ap-
pearances of metals till further trials are made. And in
case these mines be pursued conformably to its circum-
stances, it requires the first necessary scheme, which driv-
ing a crosscut in order to work out better discovery, if
success fall upon the worker or overseer, providing he
being perfectly acquainted with lead mines, must fix upon
driving an inset as low as level bearing — also sinking,
crosscutting and pressing where the appearances are best,
so that the same were brought to a bearing, the better to
indemnify damage or expense. I would not launch out a
considerable sum of money upon uncertainty in trials of this
nature, but where there is a visible prospect, (and how the
above mines will turn out there is none can express, till trials
are made,) it is my humble opinion what may for a na-
tional public good, should be rather bestowed upon, than lie
dead and useless in the bowels of the earth.
Honourable Congress or Committee, this is most hum-
bly oflfered for your serious consideration.
And remain your honours most humble servt.
JOHN M'DONALD.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress,
or Committee now sitting inthe city
of New- York.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress, convened at N. York.
Gentlemen — General Montgomery when in Albany
heard of my attempt towards the production of nitre, sent
for me to his lodging, and after some examination and in-
quiry, requested of me to make application to the Commit-
tee for their assistance towards establishing a manufactory.
Colonel Abm. Ten Broeck, requested me to write you
somewhat of my pretensions in that way for your further
consideration ; in conformity to his request, have wrote
you as follows :
From repeated trials and experiments have strong rea-
son to believe that saltpetre may in these parts of America,
be made in as large quantities as now pot and pearl ashes
are, or even to intercept in a great measure the East India
trade in that article. Common alkaline salts and wood,
otherwise concentrated into an acid juice, these two opposi-
tions and yet affinities, forms a neutral commixture, and be-
comes as it were a proper magnet lor the attraction of
nitrous particles ; these two materials only, with circula-
tory vessels properly adapted, and other apparatus con-
venient, large quantities may at one work be made, even
to twentv or thirty tons a year, and at the same time the
method is so simple that the country people may easily
learn the process to the benefit of themselves and the con-
tinent. A capital work to make the above quantity, would
require a stock at least of £1000, and so on in proportion
for lesser quantities. It is not the want of business in-
duces me to make this application, but on the other hand to
serve the country and oblige the gentlemen that applied to
me. I am already established in business in an art pecu-
to myself, in preparing in such purity alkaline salts as will
answer all the different purposes in pharmacy, which may
hereafter bring in very great emoluments to America.
I am, gentlemen, with due obedience.
Your hum. servt.
BENJN. BAKER.
A^. B. It is not in the power of any art known, to make
from its origin salt petre, in that limited time your are
pleased to offer a price so extraordinary for.
NeuyJeriey, Septr. 3Qth, 1775.
As our Committee of Safety is at present not silling,
on receiving your favour of the 27th instant, by order of
your Committee, I immediately advised with some of our
Committee members ; who were of opinion with me, that
as our Provincial Congress is to meet on Tuesday, the 3d
of October next, which is as early as our Committee can
possibly be convened, to lay your request before them,
which I shall do accordingly as soon as they have formed
a Board ; and doubt not but they will do therein what is
most proper. And, sir, I have the honour to subscribe
myself your, and the other gentlemen of your committee,
Very obt. and most humb. servt.
HENDK. FISHER.
To John Haring, Esqr. Chairman of the
Committee of Safety for the Province of New-York.
[A letter from Beverly Robinson, Esquire, stating that the land at the
new forts in the Highlands belongs to Mrs. Ogilvie and her chil-
dren.]
Highlands, Octor. 2d. 1775.
Your letter of the 19th September, I received a few
days ago. In answer to which, must inform you that the
point of land whereon the fort is erecting does not belong
to me, but is the property of Mrs. Ogilvie and her children.
Was it mine, the public should be extremely welcome to
it. The building a fort there can be no disadvantage to
the small quantity of arable land on the island. I have
only a proportion of the meadow land that lies on the east
side of the island.
I am, sir, your most humb. servt.
BEV. ROBINSON.
To John Haring, Esqr. Chairman of the
Committee of Safety, in New- York.
[Letter from Volckert P. Douw, Esqr. Albany, covering the talk with
the Indians, Sic]
Mbany, October 4th, 1775.
Sir — Enclosed you have a copy of the journal and pro-
ceedings of the four Indians, sent by the Commissioners of
Indian Affairs appointed by the twelve United Colonies, to
the Caunawagas, to acquaint them of the treaty that had
been held here with their brethren of the Six Nations and
the commissioners.
I am, sir, your most humb. servt.
VOLCKERT P. DOUW.
To Peter Van B. Livingston, Esqr. President
of the Provincial Congress, at New-York.
[Extracts of several letters from England, (sent by Continental Con-
gress,) relative to plans formed against America by the administra-
tion.]
Extract of a Letter laid before the Congress, dated
London, July 31, 1775.
I have lately heard a person, intimately connected with
administration, lament that 20,000 men had not been at
first sent to America ; one half to have remained with
Gen. Gage at Boston, 5,000 to have kept possession of
New- York and cut off all assistance from the Southern Co-
lonies, and 5,000 to have been employed under Burgoyne
or Howe in making descents in different parts of New-
England and ravaging and burning the towns. And I have
good information that it is yet intended to endeavour to re-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
87
cover the possession of New-York, Albany, &c. so as to
open a communication with Canada, and prevent the New-
Euglanders from receiving any succour from the south-
ward. There is a talk that more of the train of artillery
and some regiments of fool are going to America.
Extract of another, hy the said conveyance, laid before
the Congress, dated July 31, 1775.
It is fit I should convey to you a more particular detail
of what I have collected, and more especially, as it is
from unquestionable authority. The British American
Generals differ, I am informed, as to the number of men
which they now think it will require to subdue the Massa-
chusetts rebels. Gage says 15,000 more than he already
has, and Burgoyne says 20,000 more. But all the Gene-
rals, however, agree in desiring a large reinforcement of
artillery ; and therefore, orders were yesterday sent to
Woolwich for four companies to embark immediately for
North America, with a large train of field pieces, &c. and
a further supply of clothing, more than I mentioned in my
letter of the 15th, for the Canadians, whom, government is
assured bv Genl. Carlton, he shall raise in the Province of
Quebec. Parliament is prorogued till September, and then
will be farther prorogued, to meet the beginning of Novem-
ber. In the mean time. Lord North thinks he possesses
power and credit sufficient to order more forces to Ame-
rica, and push matters to the greatest extremity before
winter sets in. I have been well assured that if the Spa-
nish Armada should not visit Gibraltar, which, from the
repulse it is said they have met with, will be the case,
government propose composing that garrison of three-
fourth Hanoverians and one-fourth British troops, in order
that they may send the remainder of the latter, now there,
to America. But the secret, as they imagine, plan of ope-
ration they have at present in agitation, or which perhaps
I might properly say, actually determined on and trans-
mitted to Boston, is as follows :
With the assistance of Governor Tryon, who is much
rehed on for the purpose, to get immediate possession of
New-York and Albany ; to fill both of these cities with
very strong garrisons ; to declare all rebels who do not
join the King's forces ; to command the Hudson and East
rivers with a number of small men of war and cutlers,
stationed in different parts of them, so as wholly to cut off
all communication by water between New- York and the
Provinces to the northward of it, and between New- York
and Albany, except for the King's service ; and to prevent
also, all communication between the city of New-York
and the provinces of New- Jersey, Pennsylvania and those
to the southward of them. By these means, administra-
tion and their friends fancy that they shall soon either
starve out or retake the garrison of Crown Point and Ti-
conderoga, and open and maintain a safe intercourse and
correspondence between Quebec, Albany and New-York ;
and thereby afford the fairest opportunity to their soldiery
and the Canadians, in conjunction with the Indians to be
procured by G. J. to make continual irruptions into New-
Hampshire, Massachusetts and Connecticut, and so dis-
tract and divide the Provincial forces as to render it easy
for the British army at Boston to defeat them, break the
spirits of the Massachusetts people, depopulate their coun-
try and compel an absolute subjection to Great Britain.
Another good effect to be deduced from this extensive
plan, as government apprehend, is, that as New-York will
by this method be prevented from supplying the Massa-
chusetts army near Boston with flour, &c. as they hereto-
fore have done, through the medium of Connecticut — and
the New-Jersey and Pennsylvania people will not be able
to transport provisions across the country — and as the Co-
lony of Connecticut does not raise corn sufficient for the
supply of herself and the Massachusetts Bay, the inhabi-
tants and troops of this Province must inevitably of course
be in a short time destroyed by diseases and famine. And
to this train of facts let me add, that in consequence of
Gen. Gage's desire, brought by Capt. Chadd, one hundred
flat bottomed boats are at present building at Deptford, &c.
in order to be immediately sent to America ; but for what
particular purpose, I have not yet been able to learn.
Many American gentlemen, however, have been lately
asked by a lord, high in the American department, what
sized vessels can go loaded from hence to Albany ? what
is the depth of water at the Overslaugh ? (I think that is
the name of the shallowest place in the North river;)
whether the ship belonging to Albany, in the London
trade, is always obliged to unload part of her cargo before
she can get to Albany, and what proportion of it ? whether
if batteries were erected at the Highlands, they would not
prevent vessels from going up and down the North river ?
and where would be the best places on that river to hinder
the New-Jersey people from sending flour, &c. in the
winter through Connecticut to the Massachusetts army.
[Extracts of sundry letters from England received from Continental
Congress.]
Extracts of a Letter from London, \lth August, 1775.
The design last spring was to have divided the troops
sent out, as it is said, according to a plan of Govr. Try-
on's, which he gave to the Ministers for carrying on the
American war, but Gage's necessity has altered that plan
for the present and has obliged him to collect all the troops
together at Boston ; and Tryon, with all his malignity of
heart, is compelled to sit still this season. As Tryon, for
his conduct in North Carolina, is in high estimation with the
Ministry ; his plan of attacking the different Colonies at
the same time is still to be followed, and the talk is, that
troops will be sent to New-York, Pennsylvania and Vir-
ginia. It is long since Carleton has received orders to
enter the frontiers of the Northern Colonies with the Ca-
nadians, and by his proclamation of martial law, he is en-
deavouring to put his orders in practice. It was part of
Tryon's scheme to meet Carleton with the four regiments
that were ordered to New-York. This idea is not yet
given up, for I understand it is intended, if the shipwrights
can be forced or cajoled to work again, to construct a num-
ber of flat bottomed boats here, so contrived as when they
touch the shore, to throw down a platform that will land at
once six armed men, or may be used to fire field pieces or
swivel guns from. They are, when completed here, to be
taken to pieces and sent to Canada to be used on the lakes.
Besides the armies on foot, every Colony should diligently
attend to training their militia for their own internal de-
fence. All valuable goods should be removed from Rhode-
Island into the country, that the island may not be surpris-
ed as Boston was. The same thing should be done in the
city of New-York, and at the same time fortify some strong
passes to prevent any troops getting into the country. It
would be a capital stroke to get possession of Tryon's
person. Philadelphia must also look to itself in time.
In Committee for the District of Great Neck, Cotv Neck,
^c. in Queens county, the Ath of October, 1775.
Present — Jolm Cornwell, William Cornwell, Thomas Dodge, Si-
mond Sands, Adrian Onderdonck, Daniel Whitehead Kissam, Peter On-
derdonck, Jolin Burtiss and Benjamin Sands.
Then proceeded and chose Benjamin Sands chairman.
Then adjourned to the 7th inst.
In Committee according to adjournment.
Present — John Cornwell, William Cornwell, Thomas Dodge, Si-
mond Sands, Adrian OnderJonck, Daniel ^Vhitehead Kissam, Peter
Onderdonck, Benjamin Sands and Martin Sclicnk.
When the following resolves were passed, nem. con.
1 . Resolved, That the proceedings of the meeting on
the 23rd September for enabling this part of the county to
pursue Congressional measures, and the committee chosen
in consequence, be immediately laid before the Honourable
88
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Provincial Congress, or in their recess, the Committee of
Safety for their approbation.
2. Resolved, That the following gentlemen having sign-
ed the General Association, and being duly elected as olli-
cers of the militia company lately formed in this district
agreeably to the recommendation of the Honourable Pro-
vincial Congress of this Colony, are hereby returned accord-
ingly : John Sands, captain ; Henry Allen, first lieutenant ;
Thomas Mitchel, second heutenant ; Aspinwall Cornwell,
ensign.
Signed by order.
BENJN. SANDS, Chairman.
True copy attested.
John Farmer, Clerk of Committee.
To Peter Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
[A letter from the Committee of Great Neck and Cow Neck, with
the resolves of the committee, and the appointment of their militia
officers.]
At a meeting of us, the inhabitants of Great Neck, Cow
Neck, and all such as lately belonged to the company of
Capt. Stepn. Thorn, in Queens county, being duly warned
on Saturday, the 23rd of September, 1775, and taking into
our serious consideration our distressed and calamitous
situation, and being fully convinced of our total inability
to pursue proper measures for our common safety, while
we in all cases are considered as a part of the township of
Hempstead, and being conscious that self-preservation, the
immutable law of nature, is indispensable, do therefore
1. Resolve, That during the present controversj', or so
long as their general conduct is inimical to freedom, we be
no further considered as a part of the township than is con-
sistent with peace, liberty and safety ; therefore in all mat-
ters relative to the Congressional plan, shall consider our-
selves as an entire, separate, independent beat or district.
2. Resolved, That Mr. Daniel Kissam, Mr. Henry
Stocker, Mr. William Thorn, Mr. Benjn. Sands, Mr. Wil-
liam Cornwell, Mr. John Cornwell, Mr. John Mitchel,
Senr. Mr. John Burtiss, Mr. Simond Sands, Mr. Martin
Schenk, Mr. Daniel Whitehead Kissam, Mr. Peter Onder-
donck, Mr. Adrian Onderdonck and Mr. Thomas Dodge,
be a committee for this beat or district.
True copy attested.
John Farmer, Clerk of Meeting.
[A letter from Mr. John Berrien, requesting an order for £500.]
New-Tork, October 13tA, 1775.
Gentlemen — I have to acquaint you that the moneys
received by the commissioners, amounting to £350, are
expended, and that I am considerable in advance ; have
sundry orders from the above gentleman laying against me,
and some considerable accounts of provision, stores, &c.
Must therefore beg your Honourable House to furnish me
with £500 on account, by an order on your Treasurer, to
enable me to answer the above demands.
I am, with respect.
Your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN BERRIEN.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
[A letter fromB. Romans, on the subject of his rank and pay.]
Fort Constitution. ?
October 12th, 1775. 5
Honourable Gentlemen —
By an order from the Committee of Safety, I am
up here for the purpose of constructing this fort ; said gen-
tlemen gave me their words that I should be appointed
principal engineer for this Province, with the rank and pay
of colonel. As I have now been actually engaged in this
work since the 29th of August last, I should be glad to
know the certainty of my appointment, and therefore hum-
bly pray that my commission may be made out and sent.
I have left the pursuit of my own business, which was very
considerable, and endangered my pension from the Crown,
by engaging in our great and common cause. These mat-
ters considered, I hope my request will be thought reason-
able and therefore complied with.
I remain, with tlie utmost respect,
Honourable gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servt.
B. ROMANS.
[A letter from Jacob Lansing Junr. Esq. chairman of Albany Commit*
tee, enclosing draft for £2(J0.]
Mbany, the 9th October, 1775.
Gentlemen — In consequence of your letter respecting
the repairing of the barracks, we have appointed those per-
sons whom you recommended to us, who we judge are
competent for the purpose. We will give them all the ad-
vice they may stand in need of, in order to complete this
business with expedition. And as many articles cannot be
got without cash, viz. firewood, hme, brick dec, we have
therefore taken the liberty to draw upon you, in favour of
Messrs. Peter Silvester, Abraham Yates, Junr. and Henry
Glen, Esq. for the sum of two hundred pounds, for which
sum this committee will be accountable for after the work
is completed.
We are, gentlemen, with esteem.
Your most hum. servts.
By order of the committee.
JACOB LANSING, Jdnr. Chairman.
[A letter from Mr. Jacobus Van Zandt, requesting a guard to guard the
Congress money going to sea.]
Saturday morning,
Sir — We think it will be prudent of the Congress to
order Col. Lasher to procure twenty men to guard the Con-
gress money, without Sandy Hook, as the man of war boat
may lay in wait for her near that place, although the Viper
may be at sea, by way of decoy.
I am, in behalf of the commmittee, sir.
Your hum. servt.
JACOBUS VAN ZANDT.
P. S. The vessel will be ready to sail this evening,
or to-morrow.
To Col. Woodhull, Chairman of Provincial Congress,
[A letter from Walter Franklin, that they have a vessel for Georgia,
and requesting a permit. ]
NevsTork, October 17th, 1775.
Respected Friend — We have a sloop which we pro-
pose sending to Georgia, one of the United Colonies, and
to put her in a set of ballast, with about one hundred bar-
rels of flour, some bread, rum, and perhaps some other
small articles ; but shall not proceed to take any thing on
board until a permission is first obtained from the Hon-
ourable Provincial Congress.
We are, respectfully,
Thv friends,
WALTER FRANKLIN, & CO.
[A letter from John Hanson, stating that he is going to the West In-
dies about the last of this month, and requests another commissioner
may be appointed in his stead.]
Monday, October the 16th, 1775.
Gentlemen — I shall esteem it a very particular favour,
if you will appoint some body to act in my place as one of
the commissioners for erecting fortifications on Hudson's
river, as I have always intended going to the West-Indies
the last of this month. I shall return up the river and
give you every assistance in my power during my stay
here, and bring with me the joint opinion of all the gentle-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
89
men, relative to the new instructions sent to us from the
Continental Congress.
I am, with esteem and respect, gentlemen,
Your most obdt. hum. servt.
JOHN HANSON.
[A letter from Commissioners in the Highlands, relative to Capt.
North's behaviour to them, and lowering peak. J
Marthr's Rock, Oct. 15th, 1775.
Sir — Since we have had cannon mounted and colours
hoisted on this fortification, we thought it necessary for
every vessel passing by in the day time, instead of sending
their boat on shore, to hale ihem to lower the peak of their
mainsail, as a token of their being friendly. We are now
to acquaint you, that one Captain Robert North, passing by
on this day, was hailed to lower his peak, which he refused
to do. On being threatened with a shot, he replied, that
was what he wanted ; on this we sent an armed boat on
board of him to bring him too, in order to enquire his rea-
son for refusing to do the same which he that instant saw
another sloop to do ; on our boats boarding of him, he told
the people therein that he had a brace of pistols, and if
that damn rascal (Capt. Bayard) did not produce an order
to him from the Previncial Congress for the request we
made, he would blow his brains out, with many more un-
friendly expressions. We beg, sir, you will lay the above
before the Honourable Provincial Congress, and if our con-
duct herein meet with their approbation, you'll please to
signify the same unto us.
We are, with respect, sir.
Your humble servants,
SAMUAL BAYARD,
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
[Letter from commissioners at the forts in the Highlands, enclosing
remarks on making other fortifications on Hudson's river.]
Hudson's River, Octr. 16tk, 1775.
Sir — Yours in Provincial Congress of the 12th inst.
enclosing sundry resolutions of the Continental Congress,
we yesterday received ; and on consulting with Mr. Ro-
mans, the engineer, have made the several remarks there-
on, which we now send you enclosed. As soon as time
will permit, we sliall view the place recommended, more
strictly than we have had an opportunity to do. At pre-
sent, the engineer informs us, he cannot give an estimate
of the charge of a further work that may be necessary at
Pooploop's Kill.
We shall exert ourselves in forwarding the work carry-
ing on here, and every other order the Provincial Con-
gress may command. We beg leave to request you will
communicate this with the enclosed, unto the Honble.
Provincial Congress.
We are, sir.
Your very humble servants,
SAML. BAYARD,
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
To Nathl. Woodhull, President
of the Provincial Congress.
Remarks to answer the " Report of a committee appoint-
ed to take into consideration the letters from New-
York, and the plans for obstructing the navigation of
Hudson's river."
If it be considered that the season when this work was
undertaken was very far advanced, I think that we are in
as forward a situation as can be wished for ; and 1 make
no doubt but the work begun, will, in three weeks' time,
be of sufficient strength to stand the brunt of as large a
ship of rank as can come here, and two or three small
fry. Heavy cannon, such as of 18, 24 and 32lb. seem to
be all that is wanted ; and I think on Saturday next, to be
able to mount from 12 to 18 cannon, 8 of which, at least,
[Vol. II.] 23
might be heavy ones. We are in a miserable timber
country ; even fascines are with more difficulty got than
stones. Of the last, we have such plenty, that in four
days 150 perches of wall has been properly laid by 12
stone masons. We want more workmen, especially ma-
sons ; and our labourers require a regulation prescribed to
them, which it seems impossible to bring them under, un-
til they be properly officered and distributed, each division
having its proper department allotted.
It is not only the difficulty of getting timber, but we
have fully experienced that the part of the work which is
done in timber, advances slower than the stone, by a de-
gree beyond all comparison.
A battery at Moore's house, seems at present, to me,
entirely useless. I will examine further into this article.
The point on the west side, above Verplank's point, is
too easy of access, and in the vicinity of many ill dispos-
ed people ; besides this, it can be of but little use. But
at Pooploop's Kill, opposite to Anthony's Nose, is a very
important pass ; the river narrow, commanded a great
way up and down, full of counter currents, and subject
to almost constant fall winds ; nor is there any anchorage
at all, except close under the works to be erected. It is
a very easy matter to establish posts for intelligence with
the upper country and Connecticut ; for the last, I intend
to go in person in about 2 or 3 week's time. With those
in the Jersey's, I am not so perfectly acquainted ; but if
the country people are well affected, I know the roads ad-
mit of the most expeditious intelligence, and of our re-
ceiving the readiest assistance.
I understand that it will be an easy matter to obstruct
the navigation of the river so as to confine it to 12 or 14
foot ; and in that case, it remains large enough for our
use ; and without new inventions and constructions, the
enemy can then do us very little hurt.
B. ROMANS, Engineer.
Highlands, Octr. 16th, 1775.
We have considered the above remarks, and fully con-
cur in opinion with the engineer.
SAML. BAYARD,
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
Highlands, Octr. \6lh, 1775.
[Letter from Jno. Hanson, one of the Commissioners at the Highland
Fort, resigning his commission.]
October 18th, 1775.
Gentlemen — I have taken the liberty to enclose to you
the papers delivered to me by Mr. Yates and Mr. Glen ;
those gentlemen behaved with the greatest politeness, and
I imagined that theirobservations would have been sufficient
to have set every thing at the fort in proper order ; as for
my part, when I undertook that business, it was from pure
love to my country and to the rights of mankind, without
any views of self-interest, and never expected any pay for
what I did, and believe that those who were joined with me
acted from the strictest principles of honour. I can witli
truth say, that never any man was ill used, passing that
river, by any of us, unless he abused us, and then he re-
ceived but a small check, not equal to his demerits. It
would have been acting genteel to have inquired into the
complaint laid before the Congress, before passing a cen-
sure upon tlic gentlemen at the fort contained in the four
first lines of your letter to them. When men act from
principle, and are placed at any particular post of conse-
iiucnce, and find themselves in a precarious situation, it
naturally follows they must exercise their own judgment for
the good of the posts, and ought to be supjioried by tliosc
who placed them there, which has not been tlie case in this
instance. An insult offered to them was offered to the
Congress, and the abuse of the complainant in Congress
ought not to have been permitted. Had the Congress an-
swered our letter relative to the very thing complained of,
this never would have happened ; I must therefore request,
90
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
gcnllemen, the favour of ihc Congress lo appoint somebody
in my room, for I will never more go back lo the forts.
I am, very respectfully, gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN HANSON.
Newport, October 12, 1775.
Gentlemen — Agreeably to a note of the committee for
this town, and, in their behalf, I now take leave to recom-
mend to your favorable notice, Capt. John Andrews, the
bearer of this letter, and Mr. Nathan Bebee, a baker in
this town, who botli go to New-York to purchase flour for
the use of the town of Newport. They are both friends to
the liberties of their country, and from inclination as well
as interest, will use every precaution to avoid men of war
and their tenders ; and you may depend the flour they may
purchase and import will be applied solely to the before
mentioned use. There is only a small quantity of flour
here at present, and unless we can procure a supply, we
shall soon be in great distress for want of bread. We
therefore hope the committee of inspection of New-York
will commiserate our unhappy situation, and permit the
above mentioned persons to purchase flour at, and export
the same from, your city or any where else within your
district.
I am, with great regard, gentlemen.
Your most obedient servant,
SAML. DYRE, Chairman P. T.
[A letter from Mr. John Berrien, requesting £200 for the commission-
ers at the fortifications in the Highlands, to pay ofl" country labourers
and workmen.]
Neu>-York, October 20, 1775.
Gentlemen — The commissioners at the post have wrote
me, that they are in want of a sum of money to answer the
demands of the country workmen and labourers, and to pay
for sundry supplies from that quarter. I would submit it
to your wisdom, whether it would not be proper to order
them supplied with two or three hundred pounds for those
purposes, as the transmission of orders drawn in their fa-
vour by the commissioners is attended with many incon-
veniencies to them, and may in its consequences obstruct
the public business.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN BERRIEN.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
[Messrs. Clark and Nightengale's letter of recommendation from the
committee of Providence.]
Providence, Oct. 19, 1775.
Gentn. — Application being made to the Committee of
Safety, for this town, by Messrs. Clark and Nightingale,
merchants here, for letters of recommendation to the Pro-
vicial Congress of New-York, requesting permission to
take on board their sloop Fly, Captn. Benjamin Lindsey, a
quantity of provision, &c. for the use of the Continental army,
we recommend to your body that they would be pleas-
ed to grant them liberty for taking on board such a quanti-
ty of the above goods as they may want, as we doubt not
but these gentlemen will use every precaution for securing
it from the enemy and getting it safe here. Your compli-
ance with the above will greatly oblige
Gentlemen,
JOHN SMITH,
DANL. TILLINGHAST,
Committee of Safety.
To the Honble. Provincial Congress
for the city of New- York.
[Wm. Ritchir's letter or application to ship flour to Dartmouth.]
Gentlm. — Having been at Dartmouth, where the peo-
ple are in great want of flour, I should be glad you would
be pleased to give me permission to carry them some of
that article. Il security is required, I am ready to give it.
Your obliging me in the above will much oblige,
Gentlm. your most obedt. humble servant,
WILLM. RI'J'CHIR.
Neto-York, 2Uh October 1775.
To the Congress.
[Anonymous letter delivered by JohnSuffern to David Pye, and by him
handed to John Coe, a member of P. C]
Ncie-Jntrim, October 12, 1775.
Dear Sir — I, with a trembling hand at the consequences
let you know what I have heard. By the bye, there is
more than a thousand signed a sure writing made and sent
by some of the lories to York, lo disavow the Congress
and committees ; and as soon as these troops come in they
are to join the King's troops, and take up the committees
and Congress men, and deliver them up ; and they are
joined and signed from here to Hackinsack, and from here
to Tapon, all in general in this conspiracy. My neighbour
John Conk they have mentioned for one of their commit-
tee men, and Rynear Quackenbush. Mr. Anderson of
Old Bridge, told me he has found them out last night.
The lieutenant of the man of war was a whole week at
Slolter Dam, and the Ministerial tools has liberty to go
through the country ; and as long as one does, will never
have peace unless you disarm these people. Before the
soldiery come you will see such a time as you and I have
never seen. No powder must be left any man here in town
or country, but what has a certificate from the committee.
[Gilbert Drake's letter concerning returns of minnte men, in Westches-
ter county.]
White Plaint, October 24, 1775.
Gentlemen — The committee of Westchester county,
thinking it highly necessary from the complexion of the
times, that a minute regiment should be completed in this
county as soon as possible, take the liberty with all sub-
mission to recommend Samuel Drake to be colonel, Lewis
Graham lieutenant-colonel, Abraham Storm first major,
Samuel Lyon of North Castle, second major, Elijah Mil-
ler adjutant, and Josiah Mills lo be quarter-master.
We hope that if the persons we have taken the freedom
to recommend should be looked upon as the most proper,
or others should be thought more fit, that the Honourable
Congress will be pleased to direct commissions to be
made out, and sent with expedition.
W^e are, gentlemen,
Y^our most humble servants.
By order of the committee.
GILBT. DRAKE, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress,
at New- York.
[Commissions for the minute men of Westchester county, made out
October 27th 1775.]
Officers of the minute company of Poundridge and
Loioer Salem. — Ebenezer Slason, captain ; Henry Slason,
first lieutenant ; Ebenezer Scofield, Junr. second lieute-
nant ; Daniel Waterbery, third lieutenant, or ensign.
Officers of the minute company in Bedford. — Eli Seely,
captain ; Zephaniah Mills, first lieutenant ; Cornelius
Clarke, second lieutenant ; Philip Leek, third lieutenant,
or ensign.
The above ofiicers have been duly elected by the minute
companies, and the committee are desirous to have their
commissions forwarded with the utmost expedition.
There are two companies of minute men nearly com-
pleted on the manor of Cortlandt, one in the eastern dis-
trict, the other in the western district. The committee
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
91
think it of importance (if it can be done) that blank com-
missions should be sent to the chairman, to be filled up by
him, as soon as the officers are elected.
By order of the committee,
GILBT. DRAKE, Chairman.
White Plains, Octr. 24th, 1775.
[Letter from Nicholas Low, informing the Congress that Mr. Isaac
Governeur, of Curagoa, had sent two cannon for the use of this
Colony.]
New-York, 27th Octr. 1775.
Sir — I have received from Mr. Isaac Governeur of Cu-
ra5oa, a pair of nine pound cannon, which he has directed
me to present to the Provincial Congress for the use of this
Colony, and to pray your acceptance of them with his best
wishes for your happiness and prosperity. Please to di-
rect me to whom I shall deliver them.
I am, respected sir,
Your most obed. hum. servt.
NICHOLAS LOW.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. President of the
Provincial Congress, New-York.
[A letter from Mr. John Berrien, with memorandums of account, and
requesting money.]
New-York 21th Oct. 1775.
Gentlemen — I take the liberty to inform you that the
cash furnished me by your orders, from the treasury, is ex-
pended, and that I am about £40 in advance. I have en-
deavoured to collect the amounts of sundry accounts against
your Honourable House, contracted by me for use of the
fortifications, and find they amount, with sundry freights
and.hire of vessels not yet paid, to near £1000. T must
therefore beg you will enable me to discharge these debts,
already contracted, by furnishing me with the above sum.
And that as soon as convenient, or you shall judge neces-
sary, some persons of your Honourable House be directed
to examine my accounts.
I am, very respectfully, your most obedt. servt.
JOHN BERRIEN.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
ACCOUNTS UNPAID.
Marsh's, for shingles, £78 08 0
W. V. Zandt's, including smith work, 219 12 4
Wm. Ustick, for sundries, about, 270 00 0
Peter T. Curtenius, wads, shot, stoves, about, 220 00 0
John & Jacob Durye, for bread, 34 00 0
Wm. Malcomb, for pork, 20 00 0
Balance due Palmer, hire of sloop since 23d or 24th Aug. 50 00 0
Sundry freights, upward, and some small accounts, not
estimated.
Cash in advance, 40 00 0
[Letter from Mr. Wm. Bedlow, to ascertain the pay of the Commis-
sioners at Fort Constitution ]
Sir — As the time of the present Congress's duration is
almost expired, I beg leave, in behalf of myself and the
other commissioners appointed by them to superintend the
building of a fort in tlie Highlands, to request that you
will be so kind as to move in the House, that the sum to
be allowed each of us per diem for our services may be
ascertained ; and when this is done, please to inform Capt.
John Berrian what the allowance is, as I am to set out for
the fort to-morrow morning.
This will be gratefully acknowledged by him who is,
With esteem, sir, your humb. servt.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
Octr. 30th, 1775.
To Mr. Richard Yates, in Congress.
Camp at Cambridge, Oct. 2ith, 1775.
Sir — The enclosed information being of the highest
importance, I thought it proper to transmit it to you with
all despatch.
I am, sir, yr. mo. ob. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
The Hon. Nichoeas Cooke, Esq.
Dep. Gov. of Rhode Island, Providence.
[enclosed.]
"Falmouth, Monday, 16th October, 1775.
" The Canceaux ship of 16 guns, commanded by Capt.
Mowat, a large ship, schooner and a sloop arnned, anchored
below the town the 7lh, at 3 P. M. they weighed, and
came up and anchored within gun-shot, and immediately
Capt Mowat sent a letter on shore to the town, giving
them two hours to move their families out, as he had orders
to fire the town. The town immediately chose a com-
mittee of three gentlemen, and sent them on board to know
the reason of that town being set on fire. He returned for
answer, that his orders were to set on fire all the seaport
towns between Boston and Halifax ; and that he expected
New-York was then burnt to ashes. He further said, that
when he received orders from the Admiral, he desired that
he might show some favours to the town of Falmouth,
which the Admiral granted, (I suppose as Capt. Mowat
was under particular oWigalions to some gentlemen at Fal-
mouth, for civilities shown him when in captivity amongst
them ;) and which favour was to spare the town till nine
o'clock Wednesday morning, in case we would send him
off eight small arms, which we immediately did.
Wednesday morning being the 18lh, the committee
went on board to Capt. Mowat again, in order to save the
town ; he said he would save the town till he heard from
the Admiral, in case we would send off four carriage guns,
deliver up all our small arms, ammunition, &c. and send
four gentlemen of the town as hostages, which the town
refused to do. About half past nine in the morning he be-
gan to fire from the four armed vessels, and in five minutes
set fire to several houses ; he continued firing till after dark
the same day, which destroyed the largest part of the town.
He further informed the committee, that he should proceed
to Portsmouth, and destroy that place also. The foregoing
is as near the facts as I am able to remember.
" Witness ray hand,
(Signed) "PEARSON JONES."
Prospect Hill, Oct. 24th, 1775.
Sir — By an express that arrived from Falmouth last
night, we learn the greatest part of the town is in ashes.
The enemy fired above three thousand shot into it, and a
large number of carcases and bombs, which set the town
on fire. The enemy landed once or twice to set fire to the
stores ; they lost eight or ten men in the attempt, and one
taken prisoner. The inliabitants got out a very consider-
able part of their furniture ; no person killed or wounded
during the whole time of their firing. The enemy pro-
duced orders from Admiral Graves, to burn all the towns
from Boston to Halifax. Capt. Mowat informed the com-
mittee at Falmouth, that there had arrived orders from Eng-
land about ten days since, to burn all the seaport towns
upon the Continent, that would not lay down and deliver up
their arms, and give hostages for their future good behaviour.
He also acquainted them that he expected the city of New-
York was in ashes. By these accounts we may learn what
we have to expect. I think Newport sliould be fortified in
the best manner it can be. Doubtless the enemy will
make an attempt to get the stock of the island ; provision
should be made to defeat them. Death and dasolation
seems to mark their footsteps. Fight or be slaves is the
American motto ; the first is by far the most eligible.
In haste, I am, with esteem,
Your most obedient humble servant,
NATHANIEL GREENE.
To Honble. Nicholas Cooke, Esq. in Providence.
92
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
I A letter from Ebcnezcr Hazard, Postmaster, that he has in charge from
the Comptroller to complain tliat the posts are charged ferriage.]
Constitutional Pos-OJJice, Newt-York, Oct. SUY, 1775.
Gent. — I have in charge from the Comptroller of the
Constitutional post-office to inform you, that the keeper of
the ferry across the North river charges our riders for
ferriage, while he allows the rider who goes from the old
office to cross gratis, pursuant to the directions of an act
of Parliament. The Albany post likewise complains of a
charge of ferriage between Powles Hook and Albany. In
order to prevent this in future, I am directed to recjuest the
interposition of your authority, which I doubt not will be
readily granted when it is considered that the posts have
always hitherto crossed the ferries without charge, and
even now some keepers of ferries (among whom is Mr.
Ellsworth at Powles Hook) permit them to pass in that
manner.
I beg leave to hint that perhaps it may be proper to
direct that the post-riders be not delayed at the ferries, but
taken across as soon as possible after they make applica-
tion for that purpose.
I am, gentn. yr. most obedt. hum. servt.
EBEN. HAZARD.
[A letter from Benj. Baker of Albany, on the subject of saltpetre.]
Albany, October 25th, 1775.
Messrs. Yates, Glen and Silvester :
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 1 1 th instant came to
hand the 23d. It gave me satisfaction to understand that
my intended process for the production of nitre, had, by the
Provincial Congress, been so far approved of as to authorize
you to correspond with me on the subject. You de-
sired to be informed what quantity I could make in
three months, what in six, and so on. I can't in justice
say more than I wrote in the latter part of my last letter,
except a little more explanation. Saltpetre cannot, from
its origin, be made to profit under nine or twelve months ;
yet, at the same time, a considerable quantity may be had
in much less. For instance, a compound is put together
for transmutation ; it in consequence from the first day,
must, by gradual ascents, undergo the change, and so on,
until the whole mass is by its attractive quality, impreg-
nated or laden with the nitrous particles ; therefore, if the
commixture is made use of before a sufficient change has
taken place, we not only stop the vegetation, but bestow
cost and labour to little or no profit. You further ask me
to write my terms ; and in case the Congress should lend
me money, whether I could find security for the same. It
cannot appear from my writing before, that self-interested
views was any ways my motive ; but on the other hand,
purely to serve the country. Therefore, I really think it
ought not to be expected for me to make propositions. In
respect to security, I beg leave to inform you, that under
consideration of being a stranger, and at the same time,
in a part of a country where the people of it can but have
a slender idea of the practicability of such a manufactory,
few can have faith enough to become bail for the return of
cash advanced. Under these considerations, please to
excuse ine. I can't think of looking for it ; but at the
same time observe, that for any sum advanced, can find
good security that it shall be disbursed for the purpose in-
tended, and any capital (provided not too small) may be
employed.
Now, gentlemen, upon a reexamination of what I wrote
before, as well as now, I hope ray repeated overtures
will be looked upon as sufficient. My first was to the
committee of Albany, and forwarded to the New- York
Congress, wherein I offered my services without any li-
mited fee or reward, doubting not, but public services
might meet with public reward. And in my second, as
well as this, have, for your more satisfaction, been open-
er than is altogether consistent with safety to the art ; and
notwithstanding all that I have said, will yet, for your
better idea of the reasonableness of my process, give you
the East India method of making saltpetre, in which you
will find an affinity between their method and mine, be-
cause the sameness is in all vegetables whatsoever, when
reduced by fire, viz :
" Tlie manner in which nitre is originally obtained in
the East Indies, is, (I have it, says the author, on the
authority of a person of unquestionable veracity, who
made it his particular business to procure a just informa-
tion,) according to the following account.
" There is a very tall kind of grass growing in the
country where the nitre is produced, which being burnt,
customarily in the autumn, forms beds of very large ex-
tent, covered with such salts and earths, resulting from
the incineration, as the most proper matrices for the for-
mation of the nitre. These, lying all the winter on the
sides of liills exposed to the winds, consequently collect
the nitrous spirit from the air in the same manner as when
spread by art with that intent, and producing great quan-
tities of nitre. After this, a rainy season ensues, when
the solution, partly absorbed by the earth, and partly
flowing above it, is exposed to the heat of the sun. That
makes an evaporation of the humidity, and leaves the salt in
a dry state, either commixt with the earth or on the sur-
face of it. And this is sometimes artificially assisted, by
turning the rills of water as they descend from the higher
grounds, by proper tanks, into places where the absorp-
tion of it by the ground is prevented ; and where, there-
fore, the fluid drying away by insolution, produces a
strong solution of the nitre, which being taken out and
purified in that state, is afterwards reduced to a crystal-
line form by evaporation."
Upon the whole of what has been said, if it is intended
to have a work established, may appoint trustees, and I,
for an adequate consideration, by way of superintendency,
am willing, to the best of my abilities, to construct and
manage the same. Winter is close at hand, yet conside-
rable might be done, and is certainly the best season to
give the change.
I am, gentlemen.
Your very hum. servt.
BENJN. BAKER.
[A letter from William Smith, Chairman of several Committees in
Suffolk county, stating that Jeffrey Smith and Jesse Brush are
Majors.]
At a meeting of the several committees in the first regi-
ment in Suffolk county, held at Smith Town, the 24th Oc-
tober, 1775, Mr. William Smith appointed chairman.
Present — Jesse Brush, Esqr. Thomas Wickes, Esqr. Doctr. Gilbert
Potter, Stephen Keley, John Squires, Stephen Ketcham, Timothy
Ketcham, Henry Scudder, Thomas Brush, Jr. Israel Wood, Ebenenzer
Piatt — Huntington.
Daniel Tillotson, Thomas Tredwell, Esqr. Jeffery Smith, Philetus
Smith, Daniel Smith, Capt. Job Smith, Jacob Mills, Edmund Smith,
Jr. Epenetus Smith, Samuel Phillips — Smith Town.
William Smith, Jonah Hulse — Manor of St. George.
Capt. Josiah Smith — Meriches.
Capt. Samuel Thompson, William Brewster, John Woodhull, Daniel
Roe, Nathaniel Roe, Noah Hallock, Capt. Jonathan Baker, Richard
Woodhull, Esqr. — Brook Haven.
At this meeting a commission of the first-major in this
regiment being offered to Mr. Nathan Woodhull, he de-
clined taking the same, offering such reasons as is satisfac-
tory to this committee.
Likewise a commission of a second-major in the above
said regiment being offered to Mr. Edmund Smith, Jr. he
declined taking the same, offering reasons satisfactory to
this committee. They then received the thanks of this
committee for their public spirit in resigning.
The committee then proceeded to the nomination of two
majors to fill the above vacancies, which is as follows, viz.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
93
Mr. Jeffery Smith for the first major ; Captn. Jesse Brush
for the second major.
Signed by order of the committee.
WM. SMITH, Chairman.
To Colo. Nath. Woodhull, President of the
Provincial Congress, New- York.
[Letter from Simeon Cook and Lewis De Lavergne, with return of offi-
cers of Amenia company of minute men. Commissions issued and
dated November 3rd.]
Gentlemen — These are to certify that on the 27th day
of October, 1775, the second company of minute men in
Amenia precinct, (a part wliereof, by leave of the commit-
tee, were enhsted in Charlotte precinct,) met in said Ame-
nia under the inspection of Capt. Simeon Cook and Lieut.
Lewis De Lavergne, two of the committee of said Ame-
nia precinct, and agreeably to a late resolve of our Provin-
cial Congress, made choice of their officers, as follows,
viz. Roswell Kinne, captain ; Judah Burton, first lieuten-
ant ; Ebenezer Carter, second lieutenant ; Andrew Shaw,
ensign ; which we do hereby certify to the Honourable
Provincial Congress of the Province of New- York and re-
quest that commissions may be sent to them as soon as
possible.
Witness our hands.
SIMEON COOK,
LEWIS DE LAVERGNE,
Committee.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
in New-York.
New-York, November 13th, 1775.
Gentlemen — You will see by the enclosed copy of
sundry resolutions received by express from the Honour-
able Continental Congress, that your county, together with
the other two counties therein mentioned, are to furnish
immediately two hundred men to the fortifications on Hud-
son's river, to be maintained and paid in the same manner
as the Continental troops, and to remain there until re-
lieved. That you are also to form a number of your
militia into companies, to be ready, in case of alarm, to
proceed to any post on the river and perform duty at a
minute's warning.
We conceive that you will think it your duty to furnish
immediately al least one-third of the number required, to
wit, a company of sixty-seven men, including officers, pro-
perly armed, accoutred and equipped, to proceed without
delay to the said fortifications and remain there till relieved
by order of the Continental Congress. If you shall find
it convenient to raise and send to the forts more than your
proportion, or inconvenient to furnish your proportion, we
request that in either such case you would immediately
despatch one or more of your most judicious members to
the committees of the other two counties mentioned in the
said resolutions, and make such an arrangement as to have
the resolutions of the Continental Congress fully complied
with. This will no doubt be most easily done by station-
ing one of your best companies of minute men, or inde-
pendent companies, at the forts or such other places as
shall be directed for the present by the commanding offi-
cers of the Continental forces at the fort.
As the deputy commissary-general is directed to provide
and keep there a sufficient stock of provisions for a thou-
sand men, we presume that besides your proportion of the
200 men now ordered to garrison those forts, the proportion
of the militia of your county which is to be formed in
readiness to march to the fortresses, or such stations in the
Highlands as shall be assigned them, in case of any alarm,
cannot be less than three hundred. Wc therefore pray you
also to make a proper arrangement in the militia of your
county for this service, and to take especial care that the
officers be such as feel the cause of their country and will
defend it; and that you send us by the return of your
members to Congress, or sooner if possible, a full account
[Vol. II.] 24
of your proceedings in the premises, that the Provincial
Congress, as soon as met, may be enabled to give a proper
and satisfactory answer to the Honourable Continental
Congress, and convince both our friends and foes that we
are as willing, as ready, and as brave as any of our sister
Colonies on the Continent.
As our Provincial Congress was adjourned before the
arrival of the express from Philadelphia to the fourteenth
instant, when the new elected members are to meet, we
thought it our duty to forward to you a copy of the resolu-
tions as far as they respect your county, with our senti-
ments on the subject, and are most respectfully,
Gentlemen, your very humble servants,
(Signed,) P. V. B. LIVINGSTON,
ALEXR. McDOUGALL,
JACOBUS VAN ZANDT,
JAMES BEEKMAN,
EGBERT DUMOND,
WM. ALLISON,
THOMAS SMITH.
New-York, Nov. 13th, 1775.
Sir — We received by express from Philadelphia sundry
resolutions of Congress. We enclose you a copy of such
of them as will show you the necessity of furnishing and
keeping up a stock of provisions for a thousand men for a
month at the fortifications in the Highlands. Those posts
have been hitherto supplied from hence. We beg leave to
suggest it as our opinion that though a proper stock of salt
provision must be laid in store, yet fresh beef for present
daily consumption will be most healthy for the troops, and
much the cheapest, and may easily be obtained in great
plenty from Orange county, in the neighbourhood of the
fort.
We are most respectfully, sir.
Your very humble servants,
P. V. B. LIVINGSTON,
ALEXR. McDOUGALL,
JACOBUS VAN ZANDT,
JAMES BEEKMAN,
EGBERT DUMOND,
WM. ALLISON,
THOS. SMITH.
To Walter Livingston, Esqr.
Richmond county, December 1, 1775.
Sir — I received yours of the 24th ult. last night, and
expected that our committee had acquainted the Congress
ere this of the state of the county relative to the choosing
new Deputies.
When 1 returned from Congress, I immediately acquaint-
ed them that the Congress was dissolved, and had ordered
the committees in each county to convene the people to
elect new Deputies, and desired them to advertise all such
persons in the county as had a right to choose Representa-
tives in General Assembly.
I am now to inform you, that agreeably to my request, a
meeting of the committee was called in order to advertise,
and not a majority appearing, those that did appear con-
cluded they were not empowered to act, since which
nothing has been done.
Should be glad the Congress would write to the commit-
tee to send their reasons for not convening the people — a
list of their names you'll see at bottom.
The situation of my family is such at present, that if the
people should think proper to choose me again, I can by no
means serve.
That the present Congress may endeavour to keep tran-
quility and good order in our Province, and make peace
with our motiicr country, is the sincere and fervent wish of
Your most sincere friend and humble servant,
PAUL MICHEAU.
P. S. Please to communicate this to the Congress.
Committee's names — Capt. John Kittletas, Capt. Chris-
tian Jacobson, Capt, Cornelius Dusosway, Henry Perine,
David LatourcUc, Esqr. Peter Mcrcereau, John Poillon,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
94
Moses Depuy, Lambert Merrill, Jolm Tyren, Joseph
Christopher, George Barns, Daniel Corsen.
Philadelphia, the 4th of November, 1775.
Gentlemen of the Committee — I sincerely synnpa-
thizc with you in your distress, and from the inhuman pro-
ceedings of those tyrants that infest America, 1 am afraid
your valuable town of New-York is in danger of being
burnt. I would therefore recommend to you to prepare
fire-vessels, which properly made use of, will defend you
against your infernal enemies, and save your town, which
is valuable. I am of opinion I am possessed of a know-
ledge that would be efficacious in burning such vessels as
may come to do you damage, but as my situation requires
me to conceal my name at present, it would not be prudent
it should yet be known, as it may be attended with ill con-
sequences to me ; neither would it be prudent to risk
my advice without an advantage in proportion to the ser-
vice I may do. Should you, therefore, gentlemen, con-
ceive the above proposal to be of any importance, and
deserving of an answer, be pleased to direct to A, at the
London Coffee-House, to the care of Mr. Hugh James,
the barkeeper.
I am, gentlemen, your most hum. servt.
A .
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety in New- York.
New-York, Hth November, 1775.
Sir — Being informed that my fellow citizens have lately
done me the honour to elect me as one of the members of
the next Provincial Congress, I take the earliest opportuni-
ty to acquaint you that the remoteness of my situation from
town renders it highly inconvenient for a person of my ad-
vanced life, and infirm constitution, to give my attendance;
and as such, must therefore beg you'll signify the same to
the gentlemen of the Congress, at their next meeting, and
hope they will accept of this as a resignation from
Sir, your most obedt. humbl. servt.
CORNELIUS CLOPPER.
To the Chairman of the Provincial Congress.
Highlands, Novr. 11,1775.
Sir — We beg you will lay the following lines before the
Honble. Provincial Congress respecting our present situa-
tion. We have now a block house completed, with eight
four-pounders in the upper story. The curtain of the in-
tended fort of two hundred feet in length, will be finished
up to the parapet in a few days, w'eather permitting. The
grand bastion round the eminence on which the block
house stands, but little advanced ; and think from the ad-
vanced season of the year nothing farther on that can be
expected to be done. We shall endeavour to get a small
magazine finished in the NW corner of the curtain, if
brick can be procured in time, we having been disappoint-
ed in a kiln we had engaged near us, by its turning out
very bad. The platform to the curtain will also be com-
plete in a few days. A barrack of eighty by twenty finish-
ed. One adjoining it of one hundred feet by twenty, un-
der cover, floored and completed all to the stacks of chim-
neys and glazing. According to the engineer's plan, a
great deal more work is to be done, especially a block
house on an eminence two hundred yards to the SE of
the one finished, which the engineer is for going on with,
as ii commands the river down below the West Point. We
would be glad to know if any of the artificers and labour-
ers should be retained at this post this winter, for going on
with the works whenever the weather will permit ; and if
it would be agreeable to retain some carpenters, we had
not better keep the country carpenters and discharge the
York ones, as the former are better quahfied for such
work as we shall now have to do. They work more faith-
fully, and under better order. We have had a great deal
of wet weather, which has retarded our work much. We
should be glad to have the directions of the Honble. Pro-
vincial Congress herein.
And are, sir, your humble servants.
SAML. BAYARD,
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
THOS. GRENELL,
JONTH. LAWRENCE.
Nathi,. Woodhull, Esqr.
[Letter from Silas Marsh, of Amenia precinct, informing that Josiah
Morse and Joel Harvey, Junr. have repented, and desire to be entered
with the faithful.]
Amenia, 25lh October, 1775.
Gentlemen — You will observe by my return of a former
paper of this kind, or one returned by Roswell Hopkins,
that Joel Harvey was returned on the back thereof, and
Mr. Morse not returned at all, by reason the paper was
never presented to him. Harvey since behaves like a true
friend, and desires he may be entered among the faithful
and be entitled to their privileges.
I am, your very humble servt.
SILAS MARSH.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Persuaded that the salvation of the rights and liberties
of America depend, under God, on the firm union of its
inhabitants in a vigourous prosecution of the measures ne-
cessary for its safely ; and convinced of the necessity of
preventing the anarchy and confusion that attend a disso-
lution of the powers of government, we, the freeholders
and inhabitants of Dutchess county, and Province of New-
York, being greatly alarmed at the avowed designs of the
Ministry to raise a revenue in America, and shocked by
the bloody scenes now acting in the Massachusetts Bay,
do in the most solemn manner resolve never to become
slaves, and do associate under all the ties of religion, ho-
nour and love to our country to adopt and endeavour to
carry into execution whatever measures may be recom-
mended by the Continental Congress or resolved upon by
our Provincial Convention, for the purpose of preserving
our Constitution, and opposing the execution of the several
arbitrary and oppressive acts of the British Parliament, un-
til a reconciliation between Great Britain and America, on
constitutional principles, which we most ardently desire,
can be obtained ; and that we will in all things follow the
advice of our general committee respecting the purposes
aforesaid, the preservation of peace and good order, and
the safety of individuals and private property.
JOSIAH MORSE,
JOEL HARVEY, Junr.
Dutchess county, May, 1775.
[Letter from Tobias Stoatenburgh, informing that his age and infirmity
will not admit his accepting the command of a regiment. J
Novem. 8, 177.5.
Sir — I received the directions of Congress, dated Oct.
28, from which I infer that I am in appointment for the
command of a regiment. There is nothing would be more
satisfactory to me than to have ability of body sufficient to
be active in the defence of the liberties of my country.
Age and other infirmities of body render mc incapable of
enjoying the above pleasing privilege. Consequently, I
must, in regard to the good cause we are embarked in, beg
leave to be excused. And please to appoint some other
trusty friend to the command, as I should look upon my-
self as wanting in duty to my country to accept an office
in which I was not capable to act if necessity required.
I am, sir, with esteem, yours and America's
Sincere friend and humble servant,
TOBIAS STOUTENBURGH.
To Nathaniel Woodhtjll, Esqr. President of the
Provincial Congress, in New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
Orange Town, November 9th, 1775.
Sir — As the time appointed by Congress is expired for
electing Deputies to meet in future Congress in New-
York, tiie fourteenth day instant, by reason of some misap-
prehension and the situation of our county, and inclemency
of the weather, we must apply to the Congress for an
amendment to the resolve for the county of Orange ; and
that a farther day might be fixed, with the addition that the
six members may be elected in each precinct in the coun-
ty of Orange, which were by said resolve directed to be
elected at the usual place for electing members to represent
in General Assembly, under the inspection of the county
committee, or such a part as they shall direct. From
Your humble servt.
THOS. CUTWATER, Chairman.
To Mr. Robert Benson, Secretary to the
Provincial Congress, in New-York.
[A letter from Mr. Van Wyck, requesting leave to resign his seat in
Congress,]
New-York, Dec. 2d, 1775.
Sir — I have the honour to be elected a member of this
Congress, but am sorry the public did not duly consider my
imfirmity in respect to my hearing, which renders me a
very unfit person to discharge that important trust, as I am
not able to distinguish or understand any argument or de-
bate, unless the speakers are very near me, which always
gives me extreme pain and uneasiness. I humbly beg,
therefore, in case of my non-attendance, that the gentlemen
of the Congress will not impute it to any unwillingness in
me to serve, for I can assure them that I am a friend to
the rights and liberties of my country, and will cheerfully
bear my part of the burden to preserve them inviolate in
any thing that I am capable of, or properly qualified for.
I have the honour to be, sir,
Your's, and their very humb. servt.
THEOD. VAN WYCK.
To Col. Woodhull, President of the
New- York Provincial Congress.
White Plains, November 22d, 1775.
Sir — Jeremiah Travis, Junr. and Jeremiah Travis, have
been brought before the committee of Westchester county.
The former was charged with warning a number of people
to appear at Peekskili, and with appearing and embodying
in arms to oppose the Congress and Committee. The
latter was charged with instigating a number of people to
oppose ihe measures of the Congress and Committee, and
being the means of embodying a number of men in arms
at Peekskili, (himself with them) on the 6th inst. to rescue
some persons that were taken before the sub-committee of
Cortlandt's manor. Thirteen of the committee being sworn
to try each of the above charges, the committee found
the Travises severally guilty. But few of the people who
collected at Peekskili had firearms ; the most being armed
with clubs, (which the committee suppose to be a method
taken by Jeremiah Travis to evade resolutions of the Con-
gress.) This occasions a doubt in some of the committee
whether the Travises come within the meaning of the 4lh
clause of the resolves of the Provincial Congress of the
1st of September last, passed respecting taking up arms.
Which doubt we should be glad to have solved by the Ho-
nourable Provincial Congress as soon as is convenient. If
the Congress is of opinion, that these cases do come within
the meaning of the clause above mentioned, wc pray that
a punishment adequate to their offence may be speedily
inflicted on them, as they are both now in custody ; mean-
while pray an answer may be sent as speedy as conven-
ient.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
By order of the committee.
WM. MILLER, Chairman pro tern.
To the Honourable the President of the
Provincial Congress.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 95
Wednesday noon, 22d November, 1775.
Dear Sir — The committee some months ago (at the
desire of our Provincial Congress,) appointed Mr. Duyc-
kinck, and some other members of the committee to pur-
chase all the saltpetre in the city. Some of that article
was had of Mr. Ansiel, and it now lays in the hands of Mr.
Duyckinck ; as the money has not been paid for it, Mr.
Ansiel requests that the saltpetre may be returned to him,
or the money paid for it ; this request being reasonable,
beg you will interest yourself to have it settled.
I am, respectfully, dear sir,
Your very humb. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
To Jno. Broome, Esqr.
Lebanon, 4th November, 1775.
Sirs — I am desired to write to you in favour of the town
of New-Haven, for the loan of cannon for the use of the
town in the dangerous situation it is in from the Ministerial
ships, if they can be spared. Enclosed is a copy of the
minutes of the vote passed here. Your compliance will
oblige that town, and be gratefully acknowledged by this
Colony.
I am, with esteem and regard, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
To the Honourable Committee of Safety at New- York.
Dear Sir — Enclosed you have a few lines as a request
to yourself and the honourable members of the Committee
of Safety, which request, I beg you will obhge me so far
as to present to the said committee.
I am, sir, your most obedient servant,
GUERTSPT. DE WINT.
City of New-Brunswick, November 28, 1775.
Sir — By your orders received, per Mr. Abraham Clark,
I sent you six qr. casks of powder, which was all I could
collect. The persons I had it from are impatient, and beg
the powder may be returned, as our inhabitants are desti-
tute of that article.
Your assistance will be duly acknowledged by
Your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN DENNIS.
At a meeting of His Honour the Governor and Council of
Safety of the Colony of Connecticut, holden at Lebanon,
the 3d of November, A. D. 1775 :
Voted and Resolved, That His Honour the Governor be
desired to write to the honourable Committee of the city of
New-York, requesting for and in favour of the town or select-
men of New-Haven, for the use of the said town, the
loan of eighteen pieces of iron cannon, of the size and
dimensions of 18 and 24 pounders, or some of lesser
size, viz. of 12, if the others cannot be obtained; to be at
tlie risk of this Colony if lost or spoiled by inevitable
Providence and without the fault of the concerned, other-
wise at the risk of the town : that is to say, if the same
can be spared from New-York consistent with their own
safety.
A true copy from the minutes of said Govr. and Council.
Attest. WM. WILLIAMS, Clerk.
Neto-Haven, Nov. lOth 1775.
Sir— The committee appointed by the town of New-
Haven in pursuance of a recommendation from the Gover-
nor and Council of Safely, to put this place in a proper
posture of defence, now apply to you and your Honble.
Committee of Safety, for the loan of eighteen pieces of
heavy cannon for the defence of this town. The enclosed
letter from his Honour Gov. Trumbull will assure you that
the cannon if lent to us will be at the risk of this Colony,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
96
which we hope will remove every objection to granting our
request, provided such a measure is consistent with your
own safety.
We request the favour of an early determination and an-
swer, and if the gentlemen of the Committee are pleased
to grant our request, it will be doing an essential service
to the town of New-Haven, and will be most gratefully
acknowledged. If we have your consent, we will on re-
ceipt of your letter expressing that consent, give the neces-
sary orders for their removal to this place without giving
you any further trouble ; and shall ever esteem ourselves
and the town we represent, under lasting obligations to
you for this friendly assistance in this time of our danger ;
And are, with great respect and regard,
Your most obedt. and most lible. servants.
Signed by order and in behalf of the committee.
ADAM BABCOCK.
To Henry Remsen, Esqr.
Albany Committee Chamber, )
21st Sept. 1775. $
Sir — We are favoured with yours of the 10th instant,
enclosing a copy of one to the Convention, and a resolve
of the Committee of Safety. It gives us much pain to
hear that any Albany shippers should behave so basely,
(as the vessels arc not arrived at this place.) It is the
resolution of this board, that a batteau well manned shall
immediately go in quest of them ; that the vessels and
cargo if found in the river be sent to Head-Quarters, and
that Roff and Brooks, be forthwith brought before this
Committee, and a state of facts transmitted to the Conven-
tion for their further determination.
We are, sir, your hum. servts.
By order,
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To Mr. McKesson.
Highlands, Sept. 12th, 1775.
Sir — Yesterday our precinct held a meeting and chose
a committee of twelve persons, out of which number three
are to attend the county committee, and suppose they will
as soon as they conveniently can, proceed to the choice of
militia officers. As to the commission you proposed to
me, though I shall always be ready to serve my country
in every way in my power, yet for the present I must de-
cline accepting of it.
I have seen the person I mentioned to you as a major
and believe he will also decline taking that commission,
though he did not give me a positive answer.
I am, sir, yr. most hum. serv.
BEV. ROBINSON.
[Letter from Thos. Hazard, relative to nomination of certain officers.]
New-York, 19th Septr. 1775-
Gentlemen — The officers of the companies which
constitute the second independent battalion, some conside-
rable time since, presented a nomination to the Congress,
of such persons as they desired for field officers. They
therefore beg leave, again to present the same nomination,
with the addition of a second major, as undermentioned, at
the same time requesting your speedy confirmation of the
same, or of such others as you may esteem more suita-
ble ; the discipline of the battaliijn being much affected
thereby, and are prevented from making an immediate re-
turn of captains and subalterns for said battalion, as some
of the field officers nominated, belong at present to parti-
cular companies of the same.
Your speedy determination of the above request, will
oblige the officers of said battalion.
Signed pr. order,
THOS. HAZARD, Chairman.
Officers nominated — Mr. William Hyer, colonel ; Mr.
Christopher Bancker, lieut. colonel ; Mr. William Malcom,
1st. major; Mr. Samuel Broome, 3d major.
The Honourable Committe e of Safety.
[Letter from Jacob Bayley, at Newberry, relative to organization of
militia.]
Newberry, Octr. 2Qlh, 1775.
Sir — The packet I received from you some lime the last
of August, broken, many of the papers wanting, I supplied
the association, which all have signed but a very few. Shall
send it soon. We are now regulating the militia, after the
form that the Continental Congress advised, (not having
received any thing from our Congress,) only shall choose
by the capts. and subs, together with the committee, the
field officers ; and shall recommend them accordingly.
Heretofore we chose new capts. and subs, both for the
standing and minute men, who were at the command of
the President of our little Congress, assisted by the chair-
man of each district committee. And long before we
heard of a Congress at New-York, we all, to a man, sign-
ed an association agreeably to the Continental one, and
which I forget whether I mentioned to you before. I
determine to see you this winter, if health permit. It is
sixteen days since we have heard any thing from Canada,
and what I had then, you have before now. I hope all is
well. I shall make a return by Doctr. Wetherspoon, who
we expect every day. All are well, and with us, peace
and plenty. This from your
Most obedient humble servant,
JACOB BAYLEY.
[Letter Irom Tryon County Committee, relative to conduct of Sir John
Johnson-]
Tryon County Committee Chamber, )
Octr. 2Hth, 1775. 5
Honourable Gentlemen — As we found our duty, and
Particular reasons, to inquire, or rather, desire. Sir John
ohnson's absolute opinion and intention of the three fol-
lowing articles, vizt :
1st. Whether he would allow that his tenants may form
themselves into companies according to the regulations of
our Continental Congress, in the defence of our country's
cause : 2d. Whether he would be willing himself, to assist
also personally, in the same purpose : 3d. Whether he
pretendeth a prerogative to our county court house and
jail, and would hinder or interrupt the committee of our
county, should they make use of the said public houses
for our want and service in our common cause ?
We have, therefore, from our meeting held yesterday,
sent three members of our committee, with the aforemen-
tioned questions, contained in a letter to him directed, and
received of said Sir John, thereupon, the following answer:
1st. That he thinks our requests very unreasonable, as
he never had denied the use of either the court house or
jail to any body, nor would yet deny it for the use which
these houses have been built for ; but he looks upon the
court house and jail at Johnstown to be his property, till
he is paid £700, which being out of his pocket for the
building of the same.
2nd. In regard to embodying his tenants into compa-
nies he never did forbid them, neither should do it, as
they might use their pleasure; but we might save ourselves
that trouble, he being sure that they would not.
3rd. Concerning himself, he declared, that before he
would sign any association, or would lift his hand up
against his King, he would rather suffer his head to be cut
off. Further : he replied, that if we would make any un-
lawful use of the jail, he would oppose it ; and also men-
tions that there have many unfair means been used for
signing the association and uniting the people ; for he
was informed by credible gentlemen in N. York, that they
were obliged to unite, otherwise they could not live there.
And that he was also informed by good authority, that
likewise two-thirds of the Canajoharie and German Flatts
people have been forced to sign. And by his opinion, the
Boston people are open rebels, and the other Colonies
have joined them.
Our deputies replied to his expressions of forcing the
people to sign in our county, that his authority spared the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
97
truth ; and appears by itself ridiculous, that one-third
should have forced two-thirds to sign. On the contrary,
they could prove that it was offered to any one after sign-
ing, that the regreters could at any time have their
names crossed, upon their request.
We thought proper to refer these particular inimical de-
clarations to your House, and would be very glad to get
your opinion and advice for our further directions. Please
also to remember what we mentioned to you in our former
letters, of the inimical and provoking behaviour of the te-
nants of said Sir John, which they still continue under the
authority of said Sir John.
We must further hear that Governor Tryon shall have
granted again a commission to that great villain, Alexan-
der White, as high sheriff in our county ; but we shall
never suffer any execution of such office in our county by
the said White. We have not yet been favoured with
your answer and opinion in regard to our proceedings in
voting a new sheriff' for our county.
Be also pleased to despatch to us, the commissions for
our militia officers, as it is very difficult to cause the regu-
lations to be executed according to the resolves of our
Provincial Congress, without such authorities.
We remain with much esteem,
Honble. gentlemen.
Your obedt. humble servts.
By order of the committee.
NICOLAS HERCHKEIMER, Chairman.
P. S. We must also see some of our enemies, Indians
of Guy Johnson's party, come back ; and in particular,
the Indian, Wm. Johnson, who fought against our forces
near St. Johns, and has now made his abode in our Co-
iiajoharie castle, very boldly, and perhaps, with bad de-
signs.
[Letter from the Albany Committee, enclosing a memorandum of
the Officers elected.]
Albany, 2\st October, 1775.
Goose Van Schaick, colonel, in the room of Myndert Roseboom —
11th July.
Peter Yates, lieutenant-colonel, in the room of Goose Van Schaick —
11th July.
Peter Gansevoort, .Tunr. major, in the room of Lucas Van Veghten —
19lh July.
ITenry Van Woerdt, quarter-master — 26lh July.
John Tillman, adjutant— 2fith July.
3rd Company— Barent J. Ten Eyck, captain, in the room of Peter
Vrooman— 19th July; Dirck Hansen, 1st lieutenant, 11th July; John
G. Lansingh, 2nd lieutenant, taken in pay by committee, commission
dated 11th July, as lieutenant in Captain Van Dyck's company— 23rd
June.
2nd Company — CorneliusVan Dyck, captain ; Corns. Van Slyck, 1st
lieutenant— 28th May, by the committee ; commissions dated 11th July ;
Guy Young, 2nd lieulenant—19lh July ; commission dated 19th July.
9th Company— John Graham, captain; Gideon King, Isl lieutenant —
11th July; Nicholas Van Rensselaer, 2nd lieutenant— 19th July; com-
missions dated as within.
1st Company— John Visscher, captain, 26lh May ; Benjamin Evans
1st lieutenant, 30lh May ; Joseph Fitch, 2nd lieutenant, 26th May-
raised by the committee ; commissions dated 11th July, 177.5.
6th Company— Hezekiah Baldwin, captain ; Nathaniel Rowley, 1st
lieutenant; Roswel Beebc, 2nd lieutenant— 3rd June; raised by the
committee ; commissions dated 11th July, 1775.
lOlh Company— Joel Pratt, captain; Benjamin Chittenton, 1st lieute-
nant ; Israel Spencer, 2nd lieutenant — Slh'June ; raised by the commit-
tee; commissions dated lilh July.
5lh Company— George ^Vhitc, captain ; JarvisMudge, 1st lieutenant ;
Kleazcr Grant, 2nd lieutenant— 3rd June and 11th July ; raised by the
committee ; appointed in the room of Stephen J. Schuyler, &c.
4th Company of the 2nd Regiment— Christopher P. Yates, captain ;
Andrew Fink, Junr. Isi lieutenant ; John Kcyscr, 2nd lieutenant— com-
missions dated 11th July.
.'ilh Company of the '2nd Regiment— George White, captain ; Jarvis
Mudge, 1st lieutenant; Eieazer Grant, 2nd lieutenant— commissions
dated 1 Ilh July.
7th Company of 2nd Regiment— Joseph McCracken, captain ; Moses
Martin, 1st lieiitenant; John Barns, 2nd lieutenant— commissions dated
I Ith July, 1776.
8lh Company— Klisha Benedict, captain, 11th July; Wm. McCunc,
1st lieutenant, 20th August ; Alexr. lirink, 2nd lieutenant, lllh July —
commissions dated as within mentioned.
gii5^ — Above you have the dates or times of the endorse-
ments made on the warrants, by which part of the above
officers were changed.
[Vol. II.] 25
You have also the dates or times when the companies
that were raised by the committee were taken in pay ; the
four last have been paid by the committee until the 23rd
June last.
The surgeon was appointed by the Provincial Congress.
I must therefore refer you to their minutes for the time of
his appointment.
I am, sir, your very humble servant.
By order of the committee.
HENRY BLEECKER,
Chairman pro tempore.
To John McKesson, Esqr. Secretary of the
Provincial Congress, New- York.
In Committee the 21th of October, 1775.
This is to certify that we, the committee of safety and
observation for the precinct of Newburgh, for the appre-
hending two persons, viz. Stephen Wiggins and David
Purdy, did request and command Capt. Samuel Logan of
the minute company at New-Windsor, to assist with eleven
of his men, in apprehending the said persons ; he having
attended and assisted one day and a half with himself at
the head of the following persons, viz. John Robinson, en-
sign ; David Mandevile and John Scoffield, sergeants ;
one corporal, one clerk and six privates.
Capt. Logan's account, signed by Mr. Ecker, our chair-
man, for the expenses of himself and men for the time
above certified, is just, and for his own and men's wages,
we refer to be calculated by you agreeably to the order of
Congress.
N. B. The expenses are as follows, viz. : Laid out for
the above men this 27th day of October, 1775, one pound
five shillings and three pence.
WOLVERT ECKER, Chairman.
To Peter Van Brtjgh Livingston, Esqr. President
of the Provincial Congress for the Province of New-York.
Dalton, July 19, 1772.
Dear Sir — My last letter will have satisfied you how
desirous I am, as far as I can with propriety, to forward
your wish. In answer therefore to your letter of the 13th,
I have only to say that if the captains have no objection,
you may in my name, (in order to save time,) desire the
agents to apply for leave for you to go to America, from
the war office ; and your shewing them this letter will be
authority sufficient for them to do so.
I am, my dear sir, most respectfully yours.
CHA. HOTHAM.
To Captain Sinclair, to the care of
Messrs. Cox & Mair, Craig's Court, London.
Dalton, July 12, 1772.
Dear Sir — I have had a pressing letter this morning
from Butterwick, upon the subject of your going to Ame-
rica, The matter, does not you know, rest with me ; ob-
tain the consent of the captains, and you have my leave.
Believe me most sincerely,
Your most faithful humble servant,
CHA. HOTHAM,
To Captain Sinclair, at Messrs. Cox k Mair,
Craig's Court, London.
Sir — As it has been intimated to the public, that the
present Congress will be dissolved on the 14lh of next
month, and as I am, by their orders, confined lo Suffolk
county, Long Island, permit me lo lay before Congress
the enclosed letters, in order to show that the unhappy
state of this country was not the cause of niy coming lo
America at this juncture ; and lo expect that (he restraint,
which I conceive to be laid upon me, on a supposition to
the contrary, may be withdrawn. If any political con-
sideration should, for the present, render this inexpedient,
allow me lo request that an offer may be made lo exchange
98
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ckc.
me for any of your people, who arc now, or may fall in
ihc hands of His Excellency General Carlton, as my bu-
siness lays in the Province of Quebec.
I am, sir, your most obcdt. hum. servt.
PAT. SINCLAIR.
Huntington, 23th Oclr. 1775.
Dalton, jlugst. 2, 1772.
My Dear Sir — You would be sorry I am sure, my wish
to oblige you should lay me under difficulties with other
people ; therefore why will you not write to the captains,
severally. You will have all their answers by the return
of the post. This might have been done long ago, and
have settled the business at once, both to your satisfaction
and theirs ; for I am persuaded not one would have denied
you, thougli none might have liked your taking such a step
without consulting them.
Believe me, my dear sir,
Most faithfully yours.
CHA.HOTHAM.
To Captain Sinclair, to the care of
Messrs. Cox & Mair, Craig's Court, London.
Albany, 21th Septemr. 1775.
Sir — Having been informed that it was some time ago
resolved in Congress, that all those who had any demands
for public charges on that Body should lay a state of their
accounts before them, or the committee of inspection ap-
painted for the purpose of auditing accounts. In conse-
quence of which I enclose an account of provisions, stores,
baggage, &c. forwarded from Albany to Fort George, spe-
cifying by whom sent and what kind of carriage ; also an
account of stores and provisions purchased, and other ex-
penses for services performed, &c. for which the particular
accounts are likewise enclosed, which I request may be
returned, after being examined, to Abraham Yates, Peter
Sylvester and Henry Glen, Esqrs. You have also a gene-
ral account, by which it will appear that a balance is due
to wagoners, teamsters, &c. &c. of £'1,498 15s. 5d. for
which sum I have this day drawn on you, in favour of Mr.
Matties Arnest, and hope my draft will be honoured. Se-
veral persons from whom the provisions, &c. have been
bought, complain of a delay in payment, and often intimate
that they are in want of money, that they could long since
have had cash had they sold their provisions to others ; and
the wagoners and teamsters also express their uneasiness
at the want of their dues, and plainly say they are and have
been deceived with fair promises ; which I have indeed often
been forced to make use of in order to induce them to load,
by telling them that they would all be paid off before the
end of August last. With respect to the carpenters, they
are also in anxious expectation of being paid ; some having
large families to maintain and nothing wherewith to pur-
chase the common necessaries of life.
I am, sir, your most obed. humble servant,
JOHN N. BLEECKER.
To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. President of the
Provincial Congress.
[A letter from Thos. Moffat, in behalf of the committee of Cornwall
precinct.]
Blooming Grove, October 2d, 1775.
Sir — The committee of Cornwall precinct desire you
would move to have the commissions made out for Capt.
Person and the other officers in his company, agreeable to
the return made to Congress some time ago. For particu-
lars respecting that company inquire of the sheriff.
By order of the committee.
THOMAS MOFFAT, Clk.
To John Haring, Esq. at Congress, in New- York.
Blooming Grove, Oclr. 2d, 1775.
Sir — Not having an opportunity to send you the pro-
ceedings of our committee (respecting the affair of Rum-
sev and Person,) previous to your departure for New- York,
I here enclose it to you per post, with a letter to John
Haring, Esq. for the commissions for Capt. Person and
the officers elected on the day he was chosen, agreeable to
the return made to Congress. If Judge Haring should
not be at Congress you are desired to move for them.
I am, in haste, sir, your humb. servt.
THOMAS MOFFAT.
To Jesse Woodhull, Esqr. at Congress in New- York.
Southold, 21th November, 1775.
Sir — In our first company at Southold, Lieutenant Case
refused to take his commission ; on which the company
proceeded to a new choice, which occasioned three new
officers, viz. Tho. Hcmpsted, the first lieutenant; William
Horton, Junr. the second lieutenant ; and John Drake, the
ensign. They proceeded according to the directions in the
militia act. Two of the committee being present, the
company proceeded regularly. Mr. Franks we chose to
take the votes. The two lieutenants had little or no op-
position ; the ensign had more than two for one. Suppose
it will be needful to have new commissions, and hope you
will see the matter effected. We have nothing new to
accjuaint you with, &c. Received yours by Mr. Booth,
with the two commissions. I write in great haste, and am,
Sir, yours to serve,
ROBERT HEMPSTED.
To Ezra L'hommedieu, Esq. at New-York.
Dunkirk, the 25th November, 1775.
My Lord — As the troubles which England has extend-
ed to your Colony, and the interdiction of all correspon-
dence and trade with her, must necessarily not only cause
a general, but partly interruption, in hindering the exporta-
tion of her products. I hope your Excellency will agree
to the respectous liberty I take to write her, in view that if
you judge it convenient, you would make it communicated
to the merchants of your Colony to whom it may be of any
advantage.
Our town and our harbour are a port frank, in which all
sorts of merchandises, from whatsoever strange or foreign
places they are coming, may be imported by sea, stay
in it any time pleases, be sold or imported by sea, with-
out being liable to any duty whatsoever ; she is the only
one of all the ports of France that has such an extended
privilege, and which by its situation is more fit to com-
municate in trade way with England, Holland, Hambro,
Sweden, and all this part of the north. This port franks
has provoked here a considerable trade, and has made of
this town an enterport for all those countries, so as for
France and all his other harbours, the trade that goes on
in the leaf, sweet scent and oronoko tobacco, which were
brought here from London, Glasgow, Bristol, Liverpool &c.
is very great. There are years that I sold for my share as
far as 4000 hhds. ; part which I bought on my account in
the above said places, and part that my correspondents
there sent me on sale for their accounts, mostly when the
time of payment of the duty to the custom house was ex-
piring, and that they had not found opportunity to sell
them there; moreover, the quantity of leaf tobacco that sells
here is immense, and it will more increase by the means
of the French farmers which lately bought here SOOhhds. ;
and who, finding no more to provide themselves in Eng-
land, will make their purchases in this town, when the to-
baco will been to be got here. It vpill be the same in regard
of the Hollanders, and all the people of the part of the
Northern sea.
The trouble for the Colony in the actual circumstances,
will be the difficulty to transport here their merchandises ;
but I fancy to have found the means to do it, without any
risk in regard of the English.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
99
There is some years that the King of France, under
whose domination is our town, has rendered the town and
harbour of Mole St. Nicolas in French St. Domingo, a
port frank ; and it must not be uneasy to the Colony to trans-
port there her tobacco and other productions in regard of
their proximity, notwithstanding the vigilance of the men of
war of Great Britain.
This production being at the Mole St. Nicolas, I will
have them loaded there for this town in one of my ships, or
in any other French ship, as being French and my own
property, at the destination of this town, which is the only
port of all France where the tobaccoes are admitted to be
landed, kept and sold, paying, as all the other merchan-
dises arriving from the French Colonies, but the usual duty
of 3^ to 4 per cent of the value.
The merchants of your Colony who should prefer to
sell to me their York river, James river &c. tobacco render-
ed at their charges and risk, at the Mole St. Nicolas, (ra-
ther than to send them here for sale on their own account,
and to get back the merchandises of Europe, which they
want,) I will agree with them on a price according to quali-
ty ; and make pay to them the amount at Mole St. Nicolas
when, and at same time my ship will load them. In
which case whoever should prefer to sell to me their
tobacco, it would be convenient that they should write to
me the price in English money ; they should ask to deliver
me the tobacco at the said Mole, payable there or in any
other place of Europe. Should they deliver their letters
directed to me, and put in the post-office of Mole St. Nic-
olas, Port au Prince, or any other of French St. Domingo
ports will be handed me.
As I never had occasion to correspond with any of the
merchants of your Colony, and that I have not the advan-
tage to be known by them, they may take information on
my solidity and character in London, of Mr. Lewis Tees-
ner, Messrs. Hudson & Worthington, Mr. Wm. Du Bois,
Mr. John Campbell, Messrs. Pre Simond & Hankey, & Co.
they will find that in all security my house may be trusted.
Amongst the above mentioned trading houses, there are of
them who should already have wrote, and have caused their
friends there to write, in order to make me known to their
■correspondents in your Colony ; if the fear of the danger
they should run from the part of the Government, if their
letters were intercepted, did not hinder them of doing it.
This is what I had to expose to your Excellency; if any
of your merchants have enough confidence to favour me
with their correspondence, and to enter into trading busi-
ness with me, on my part I shall esteem myself happy at
being of any service to them, and on their side they will
meet with me both candour, probity and solidity in the trans-
actions we may have together.
I remain, with the utmost respect of your Excellency,
The most humble, and most obedient servant.
B. RNT. CASTELEYN.
Jllbany, 9th Nov. 1775.
Dear Sir — Yours of the 1st instant I have received, to-
gether with the instructions for the post-office, which was
very agreeable, as I was often at a loss how to regulate the
charges. As to the secrecy of this matter, your commands
shall be readily obeyed.
The ox you had from Vanderpool has been killed, and
turned out pretty nigh to the opinion of the people that saw
him. He is a middling good ox, but not by far so fat as
last year.
By all we can learn from St. Johns, we have the greatest
reason to expect that matters will turn out well there.
General Wooster is to proceed, or is already gone forward
to take possession of Montreal. General Montgomery keeps
St. Johns besieged, and by the accounts of the prisoners,
the regulars at St. Johns must have but little provisions,
•&C.
We are busy electioneering for Deputies and committees,
the voters do not come in so rapid as I could wish, owing
to the fair. The following are the candidates for Deputies :
Abm. Ten Broeck, Abm. Yates, Junr. Jacob Cuyler, Robt.
Yates, Henry Glen, Peter Silvester, Robt. Van Rensselaer,
Francis NicoUs, Leond. Gansevoort, Robert R. Livingston,
Peter R. Livingston, James Barker and Henry Oothoudt.
The Judge and Nicolls almost even ; Henry Oothoudt
by far the majority of Barker ; Peter Van Ness and John
Js. Bleecker are also in opposition to each other ; how this
will turn out I cannot say, they being almost equal in votes
of this city.
The committee will be the same as last, only one or two
new ones in each ward.
Mrs. Yates, Miss Sooky and the family are well,
I am, dr, sir, your very humble servt.
MAT. VISSCHER.
P. S. The prisoners were brought in yesterday.
Cumberland County, Nov. 2d, 1775.
May it please your Honour —
I find the Honourable Provincial Congress for our
Colony of New-York have resolved that said Congress
shall be dissolved on the 14th day of this instant ; and that
there shall be a new election of representatives through the
Colony. This intelligence we have in Mr. Holt's paper
of October 19lh ult. I have showed the said paper to
some of the Committee of Safety for this County ; they
think the county ought to have some further intelligence
from New-York before they proceed to order an election,
as is recommended in the above mentioned paper. I have
told them it is my opinion that the above nitelligence is
sufficient. Our Delegate, Major Williams, has wrote us
nothing concerning the same. I, as one of the Committee
of Safety for this County, should take it as a great favour
if the county might have some further intelligence to satisfy
those gentlemen who object that the said intelligence is not
sufficient. If the Secretary or any other gentlemen be-
longing to the Honourable Congress, would send us a let-
ter concerning a new choice of representatives, I should be
exceedingly obliged to them for the same. The people in
general among us, want to chose new members ; and are
always ready to adhere strictly to the resolves of the Ho-
nourable Provincial Congress, if they shall be made ac-
quainted with the same.
Mr, Moses Allen, the post, rides from Hartford, (Connec-
ticut) to Northfield, weekly, and brings some New-York pa-
pers with him. The Honourable Congress sending us
word in regard to the above particulars, would much oblige
the county and particularly your honour's
Most obedient humble servt.
SOL. PHELPS,
To the Honourable President Livingston.
Goshen, Deer. 11th, 1775.
Sir — Some time ago, there was application made to
Congress for commissions for Goshen minute company, of
which Moses Hetficld was chosen captain ; but there is no
commissions yet come to hand ; which makes some uneasi-
ness in the company, as they are ordered to go to the bat-
tery in the Highlands, to relieve Capt. Wisner's com-
pany, the 27th of this instant. I should be glad if you
would send the commissions by the post.
From your humble servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
To John JMcKesson, Esqr.at New- York.
Fort Constitution, Deer. 1th, 1775.
Sir — Yours of the 5lh instant, covering extracts of a
letter from Lord Sterling, dated the same day, by which
we find six companies, of ninety men each, arc ordered
up to this post, besides those already here, has been re-
100
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ccivcd. As to Ific order lo have sufficient barracks com-
pleted for one thousand men, we beg leave lo observe tliat
it is not in our power to gel it done. The additional one
(from the hrst j)lan) is not this day completed with filling
in, but olherways fit and furnished for troops, Capl. Gre-
nell and Capl. Halberl's companies being, with part of
Capt. Ledyard's, quartered in them. The first barrack,
a single story, four rooms, twenty men in a room, is oc-
cupied by our artificers and labourers. We have ordered,
eight days ago, another barrack of eighty feel by twenty,
two stories high, with a garret, to be framed al New-
Windsor ; but the badness of the weather up here, by
what we learn, has prevented the person employed from
getting the timber together lo begin to frame. VV^e shall
hurry him, and may be able to get it raised and covered ;
but the stacks of chimneys and filling in — much doubt if
it can he done, as we have neither brick nor lime for it;
and if we had, unless more favourable weather than for
this fortnight past, could not work much at it, as our mor-
tar is continually freezing in the mortar house. We beg
leave to mention our frequent desire to know what num-
ber of men would be wanted to remain this winter at this
post as a government to us ; in particular, in ours to Mr.
John Berrian, of the 15lh ultimo, your not then, nor since
then, forming a House, he could not give us a direct an-
swer.
We could not take the artificers from the works of de-
fence, had materials (and we directions) for more barracks
been on the spot. Artificers and labourers must have co-
vering and fire to go to. While they continue, they take
up the room of the first barrack ; when they be dismissed,
the two barracks now built will contain three hundred
men. We would also beg leave to refer the Honourable
Provincial Congress to ours of the 10th ultimo, in which
we informed them what barracks we had then, to which
we never have been honoured with an answer. Our men-
tioning these things is, from a distress we are in on finding
so many men ordered up to this post, when we never ex-
pected more than ihree hundred to winter here ; and hear-
ing nothing to induce us lo think otherwise, provided, as
well as time and circumstances permitted, for only that
number.
As to procuring firewood, we are very ready to do it,
but it must be bought, and brought by water here. We
think this comes more properly under the direction of the
commissary to the troops to be quartered here. We have
been down in the sloop Liberty, examining the river as
low as Slaughter's Landing, and find the depth of water,
from there to this post, greatly to exceed the information
we had had. We also took a view of Pooploop's kill,
and found its situation the best by much for any defensive
works in the Highlands. A little to the north of the
house on the hill, is a place were a battery of heavy
cannon would obstruct an enemy's coming up, as it com-
mands the river, down and up, the length of point blank
shot. Timber in plenty near, to be had. No enemy can
land at Haverstraw, and cross the mountain to annoy it
by land. The height of the place, about one hundred feet
above the river, and is not much wider over to Anthony's
Nose than at this post. From Pooploop's kill, we under-
stand there is a tolerable road, and can be made with ease
much better, to the West Point ; from there, an enemy
might bring cannon by land against this post. We beg
you will be pleased to lay the above before the Honourable
Provincial Congress, and are, sir.
Your humb servts.
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
THOS. GRENELL,
JONTN. LAWRENCE.
To Nath. Woodhull, Esqr.
Sir — You will be pleased to lay this letter, with the
enclosed, before the Honourable Congress for this Pro-
vince ; by which they will see the necessity there is of
immediately setthng those matters Mr. Bedlow laid before
them when he was in New-York last. We Jiave had
some evil persons already amongst us, who have instilled
into the mmds of the people at work here, that there is no
security for their pay, Ihis has given us a deal of trou-
ble, with a set of people, whose tempers and dispositions
are as various as their faces, to convince to the contrary.
All our influence can not get them to work on Sundays.
An order from the Honourable Board, on this head, will
have great weight, to be made public here. Some of the
artificers who were employed by the master workman,
have had the assurance to say they were not to be directed
by the commissioners, but by their own master workman.
The advanced season of the year and necessity of for-
warding the works, is a reason why we did not immedi-
ately disband them from the work.
We are, sir, with esteem,
Your humble servants,
SAML. BAYARD,
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
THOS. GRENELL.
Highlands, Novr. 5th, 1775.
Nathl. Woodhull, Esqr.
Dear Sir — The bearer David Whiten, is one of our
lieutenants in our minute company, and as we discover there
is combination with the lories, are enlisting, and say they
are well equipped ; and we want to take the leaders, and
are in want of three lb. of powder. Either the bearer lo
pay for the same, or you shall have the powder returned.
You are advised to keep a bright look-out.
From your friend,
SAML. DRAKE.
This Mr. Drake is of the committee at Peekskill.
To Saml Patard.
November 3, 1775.
[A letter from the Commissioners of the Highlands.]
Gentlemen — Considering myself placed by the Con-
gress in a very conspicuous rank, which requires it of me,
that I should watch ihe interests of America as far as in
my power lies, and having frequently observed, that the
plan we at present pursue is a very lame one, for the reme-
dying of which I have often offered my discourse, but as
we are momentarily interrupted by our discontented gentry,
1 resolve to pen down and lay before you the following
considerations in our present situation, at the post of Mar-
telaars Rock, in the Highlands :
The number of men now employed on the fortifications
are 137 ; they being distributed as follows, vizt :
Carpenters, 36 Stewart, i
Masons 27 Cooks, 5
Blacksmiths, 2 Overseers, 3
Miners, . 4 Seamen employed as such on
— shore, 2
Artificers, 69 Do. in vessels, 4
Mortar makers, 2
Actual labourers, 51
68
Artificers as above, 69
Total, 137
This distribution is the most erroneous that can possibly
be imagined, and must tend to retard our works ; nor can
we pretend to do any thing, till better regulations take place.
This will appear from the following estimate, which I
judge to be right, but am willing to submit the same to the
opinion of any able engineer or engineers :
Each mason ought to have as attendants 2stone breakers,
2 stone carriers, 1 mortar carrier — 5 in all.
With this assistance, each mason will with ease make
100 cubical feet of stone wall in 12 hours' time, provided
to every 4 masons one miner be allowed to work in the
quarry.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
101
Thus it is evident, that our 27 masons, attended by 135
labourers and 7 miners, would have completed the 2400
perches of stone wall, contained in my estimate in 28 days
of 12 hours each; but to allow for extra occurrences I
will say 30 days.
Then it follows that 27 masons, suppose them to have
9s. 6d. per day each, including provisions, will daily cost
£12 16s. 6d. Seven miners, suppose them 6s. provisions in-
cluded, is daily £2 2s. which will amount in 30 days to
£454 10s.
N. B. Please to observe that in my estimate the labour-
ers' work stands as a separate article. But instead of such
a regular arrangement, a very different one has unhappily
taken place at this post, by which means only about 700
perches are done. What need have I to animadvert on so
palpable an absurdity, as that of half of 51 labourers to
attend on 27 masons ? I say one-half ; for surely the other
half must be allowed for the attendance on our carpenters.
But what makes it worse, this very day on which I write, I
am reduced to the dilemma of keeping only 7 masons on
the principal work ; the other 20 are necessarily employed
in breaking and carrying stone, by reason that all the la-
bourers are employed in unloading of vessels, there being
now 3 craft at the pier head ; and for fourteen or fifteen
days past there have generally been 2 ; nor are we ever
without one (at least,) to unload ; thus the labourers are
all taken off, and men, who are hired at 7s. 6d. per diem,
do that labour for the doing of which men may be had at
50s. per month. Where then is the wonder, that we ad-
vance not as we should do, and that the expense becomes
great.
With regard to the timber work, I have the following to
oflfer .
We are on an island where we have not a single stick
of timber fit to do any thing with, except making firewood,
and not even that, as most is a shrubby kind of pine. If
we had it, the expense of carrying it out of the woods and
bringing it to the work, would be to the amount of 10s. per
100 feet, especially if done by the labour of men (only)
without oxen ; whereas now we have good oak delivered at
the landing, at 6s.
I will undertake and promise to build a block house,
such as we have now erected, in 6 weeks, with 6 hands
and 2 oxen, including 1 week as allowance for bad
weather; whereas now 12 carpenters and 20 labourers
have been employed on the timber woik thereof since the
10th of October, and will not have completely done till the
10th of November ; nor happens this by reason that the
men are idlers ; no, but they are not conversant with simi-
lar work. It is true, they receive the timbers in a muddy
dirty state, with a bad appearance ; but it is hewn truer
than they are able to do it ; then to reduce it to what they
judge to be a true square, they line it and hew half way
down ; afterwards turn it, line it again, and hew the other
half way : thus a piece of timber is lined eight times, and
hewed to these eight lines, to make it worse than it was ;
next the piece, through lack of oxen, is drawn by 20 men,
to the place where it is wanted ; here the carpenters dis-
cover it not to be hewn in the square, and line it and hew
it again eight times over ; then the dovetail is cut, aud
when put together, they see it makes bad joints, therefore
have it to dub over again ; whereas the country carpenters,
(used to such work,) hew the whole side through by one
line, and thereby leaves it, when he parts with it, truer
than our people (unacquainted with such work,) can pos-
sibly do.
The expense of one block house stands as follows :
£ s. d.
The timber and plank, 14,000 feet, at Gs. per 100, 42 00 0
2,000 shingles, at X5 per M, 10 00 0
Much against my inclination and advice, 256 iron bolts
have been used instead of so many trundles,
These weigh each 51bs. is l,2801bs. at X28 per ton, 17 18 4
Carried forward, 53 00 0
[Vol. II.] 26
Brought forward, 53 00 0
Necessary iron 2751bs. at £28 per ton, 3 17 0
200 weight of nails at 9rf 7 10 0
Work of twelve carpenters, 30 days, at 9s. 6d. per day, pro-
visions included, 185 00 0
In my estimate no value of labour in timber work is men-
tioned, as it is of the masons, therefore I must add,
20 labourers, at 3s. per day, for 30 days, provisions included, 90 00 0
£356 5 4
But according to my method of building, with such people
as I could find,
The timber, necessary iron, shingles and nails would be £63 7 0
Instead of 256 bolts, as many trundles would not exceed. . . 1 10 0
Six carpenters, 36 days, at 9s. 6d. per day, provisions includ-
ed, 102 12 0
A yoke of oxen, teamster included, 12s. per day, for 15
days, 9 00 0
£176 9 0
The country carpenter is still inferior to the ship car-
penter for our work, provided we can get him equally
honest.
From the above small specimen it is evident that even
in the cheapest method, timber at this place comes infinite-
ly higher than the masonry, and I am now convinced that
stone towers of the nature of block houses, would not
amount to above £100 each complete at this place, and
when finished they are preferable.
Among other bad regulations that have taken place here,
there is one most grievously against the sound policy that
ought to prevail ; besides the carpenters from the city,
some country carpenters are employed who have a chief as
well the former, and being a more diligent set of people than
those from the city, have very deservedly (though some-
what injudiciously) some marks of special favour shown
them.
From this distinction sprung envy, who never fails in all
similar cases to rear her head. I will only remark that
such favour ought to have been shewn in a manner some-
what less open ; yet in favour of the country carpenters. I
must say that they labour harder and do not stand on the
punctilium of stated hours. Likewise I believe had the
country carpenters been first engaged, they might have
been hired for 6s. per day, and thus been an example to
the others. The breach is already pretty large between
them ; should it continue to widen so that it becomes ne-
cessary to remove one party, my advice is to remove those
from the city.
We have seen that the two oxen in one day drew twelve
pieces of timber and four pieces of cannon from the land-
ing to the block house, a labour which would have em-
ployed, according to our experience, twenty men for two
days. In other matters this holds exactly similar. There-
fore twenty men, at 3s. per day, provisions included, is for
two days, £6 ; and two oxen, with the teamster, cost, if
hired for one day, 12s. ; here rises a balance of £5 8s.
per day.
Your winter's firing will be impossible to get without
oxen ; in getting that and drawing of limber, each yoke
will do the work of thirty men at least.
This makes the reason appear evident why I have so
strenuously recommended the procuring of oxen. They
will cost thirty bushels of corn and one load of hay per
head in four months, equal to about £7 ; and then, if
care is taken of them, they will sell for the original price ;
but if they are kept in the same manner as the two we
have now are, I confess they had belter been left alone, for
you will want new oxen every fourteen days.
The next and greatest grievance to be considered is ihe
erroneous principle on which our labourers are procured.
Instead of hiring them for a month, and thereby giving
them an opportunity of harrassing us in the shocking man-
ner they do, I humbly think, gentlemen, that you ought to
recommend it, that they be enlisted for a limited time, sup-
102
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
In extreme fine soil.
1-4 spades.
1-2 shovels.
1-8 grubbing hoes.
1-16 pickaxes.
1-40 axes.
3-80 biUiiooks.
pose six months, be it under the dcnonnination of pioneers,
or whatever else may be thought a proper appellation for
such a body.
1 cannot omit mentioning that when I first took a super-
ficial view of the ground, I judged it to be less rough than
it proves to be. I likewise thought that there was more
wood, which made me put down more axes, billhooks and
spades than I now find it necessary, we being here in the
very extreme of rough ground ; yet the number sent up is
more disproportioned than even my rough estimate. I will
point out the just proportion of tools as they ought to be
given to the workmen ; it may be of use.
In extreme rough ground.
1-10 shovels.
1-20 spades.
1-16 miner's hammers.
1-8 jumpers.
1-16 wedges and cold chissels.
1-8 small crowbars.
1-40 large crowbars with claws.
1-8 mauls.
1-16 pickaxes.
1-8 grubbing hoes.
7-80 axes.
1-20 biUhooks.
The mediums must be calculated according to the nature
of soils between these two extremes.
We cannot work here without powder. I know it is
scarce, but suppose it to cost even lOs. per pound, and that
four miners make eight holes per diem with an inch auger,
which require each 2i inch of powder, this will make
twenty inches of powder ; now twenty-one inches of powder
in an inch hole makes three pounds ; therefore three times
10 is 30s. and four miners at 6s. per day is 24s. together
£2 14s. and these four miners will break more stone than
thirty men with mauls can do ; yet these thirty men would
cost you, provisions included, 3s. each, which amounts to
£4 10s. per diem.
Another thing I have to remonstrate to you, gentlemen :
this is, that the steward never yet has been made to keep a
regular book of the accounts of his delivery of provisions,
&c. which, however, in my opinion, is highly necessary ;
likewise that a person ought to be appointed who should
take an exact account of what tools are delivered out in
the morning, and to whom, observing at night that the same
person returns a similar tool, be it whole or broken. This
method is far preferable to that of throwing by a broken
axe, maul or crowbar, while nobody knows how tools are
expended. In my humble opinion, the steward could do
this without adding much vexatious labour to his present
employment.
The number of strangers who come nolens volens to
visit us, is a gross grievance. A rascal, who does not
vouchsafe to lift his hat to us, nor even avoids to insult us,
comes in to our innermost recess and interrupts us perhaps
at a time when we are consulting the welfare of the com-
munity.
By noticing the above mistakes and properly amending
them, I make no doubt but we will, in this day of need,
save a great sum of money for our country.
I entreat you therefore to endeavour the making the ne-
cessary alterations, in which I am highly interested, by
reason that the rank I hold endangers me of being made
the butt against which all resentment may break ; because
if the present measures continue, my calculations will
prove erroneous ; but if these mistakes in proceedings are
altered as I propose, my estimate must prove true, or near-
ly so ; the power lies with you, gentlemen. I have never
received any kind of instruction from the Congress or Com-
mittee that may serve me as a line for the regulation of my
conduct, except that I understood their intentions were that
I should give you my advice, and therefore consider myself
in duty bound to be content under your direction of affairs
in every particular ; but I could not forbear taking this
liberty in telling you what I think the most eligible path to
pursue.
I am, with the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most obcdt. humble servt.
B. ROMANS.
Fort Constitution, 8th November, 1775.
To the Commissioners for Fortifications at
the Highlands.
P. S. The draft of the above writing was prepared be-
fore Capt. Bedlow and Grenell came up ; since that some
variation in our distribution of labourers and masons has
taken place ; though it is better than the former, it is still
very absurd and only serves to shew the instabihly of our
plan.
They now stand thus, vizt. :
Carpenters, 30
Masons^ 16
Smitlis, 2
Artificers, 48
Steward ]
Cooks, 5
Overseers, 2
Gunner, 1
Seamen employed on shore,. 2
Seamen on board of vessels, 4
Mortar maker, l
Actual labourers, 52
68
Artificers, 48
In all, 116
Estimate of the expense that will accrue in the finishing
the fortifications in the Highlands, laid before the
Committee of Safety in New- York, on the 2d October,
1775.
2400 perches of stone wall, each perch containing 16 1-2
feet in length, 18 inches high by 12 wide, at5». 6(f.
2 1-2 bushels of unslacked lime, taken up by each perch,
is 6000 bushels, &t6d
1000 pieces pf ranging timber, 18 feet long, 12 inches
square, for 5 block houses and the merlons of the
battery, &c. this contains 216,000 sup. feet, at 6s.
per hundred at Windsor Landing,
1500 2 inch plank, for platforms of the battery and floors
of the block houses —
400 of 24 feet long, 10 inches wide > -
1200 of 20 do 10 do \ 49,600 feet
say 50,000 feet, at Windsor Landing, 6s. per 100,.
1200 beams and sleepers, for block houses and platforms,
of different lengths, from 8 to 24 feet long, 9 by 3,
supposed to contain 50,000 feet, at Windsor Land-
ing, 6*. per 100,
3200 for each, is 16,000 shingles for 5 block houses, at £5
per 1000,
140 laths of 14 feet long, for each, is 700 laths, of 2 1-2
by 1 1-4, for the roofs of 5 block houses, about...
80 rafters of 16 feet long, >• r. r u 1.7 i
gQ jjjj 2Q ^' > IS 160 rafters for the block
houses, their mean measure being 6 by 3, is 3120
feet, at 6s. at Windsor, is £9 7s. say
2000 fascines, for levelling, &c. will cost about
4000 pickets to picket these down, made out of about 1000
laths,
500 tompions for loopholes, about
40 ports, 5 windows and 6 doors for block house and
magazine, and a gate and wicket for the citadel,
about,
6400 broad headed spikes for the gate and wicket and
block house doors and windows, 10 to a pound
£. s. d
660 0 0
150 0 0
648 0 0
150 0 0
150 0 0
80 0 0
15 0 0
10 0 0
25 0 0
20 0 0
2 0 0
30 0 0
is 640 lb.-)
is 140 lb. I ,ii3y> ,^^y
is 20 lb. ' ^^00 ^ ? "
250 lb.
' 1
200 lb. I
200 1b.; P^*"^"- 75 0 0
of iron,
14 bolts of 10 lb. each,
5 do 4 lb. each,
26 hinges, on an average
50 iron hoops for swivels, about
Small iron work, about
Broad headed copper nails for magazine door,
360, 10 to a lb 36 lb.
Copper hinges and bolts, 30 lb.
2 copper circles or busses, for vents, 20 lb.
About 80 weight wrought copper at 3s. 6d per lb.
5 ordinary locks,
1 large lock,
1 copper do
14 0
2 0
1 0
1 0
Carried forward, £2033 0 0
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
103
Brought forward, 2033
About 1000 weight nails,
5000 trundles, about
Necessary tools :
6 stone mauls,
20 very large pick stone hammers,
20 pickaxes,
30 crowbars,
50 hand billhooks,
50 axes and hatchets,
50 spades, I
40 mallets, I
300 sand bags of crocus, I
50 hand barrows, j
For the barracks, 80 by 20 :
2 sills, 4 by 5 in. 80 ft. long, 270 ft.
2 plates, 4 by 6 in. 80 do 320
25 beams, 4 by 6 in. 20 do 1000
50 posts, 4 by 6 in. 8 do 800
50 rafters, 4 by 4 in. 13 do 870
20 joists, 4 by 4 in. 14 do 360
25 sleepers, 4 by 6 in. 20 do 1000
4620 ft. at U, per foot,
5000 shingles, at £5 per 1000,
250 laths, 14 feet, about
500 inch boards, 14 feet, at \Qd. per foot,
200 inch and a half boards, 14 feet, at Is. 3(i. per foot, . .
400 weight nails, at lOd. per lb
2 double stacks chimneys, brick,
Store house and guard room, 20 by 20 :
40
25
-About 150 0 0
14 0 0
25 0 0
5 0 0
20 0 0
12 10 0
16 13 4
20 0 0
4 by 6 in. 60 ft. long, 240 ft.
4 by 8 in. 60 '
4 by 6 in. 20
4 by 6 in. 9
4 by 4 in. 15
4 by 4 in. 14
2 sills,
2 plates,
20 beams,
40 posts,
40 rafters,
15 joists,
20 sleepers 8 by 3 in. 20
do
do
do
do
do
do
320
800
720
800
280
280
3440 ft. at M. per ft. .
4000 shingles, at £5 per 1000,
200 laths,
375 inch boards,
180 inch and a half boards,
300 weight nails,
Stack chimneys,
Labour of, and provisions for, 150 men, 4 months,
26 days to the month, at an average of 3s. per day,
5 iron stoves for the block houses.
10 16 0
20 0 0
4 10 0
15 0 0
11 5 0
12 10 0
10 0 0
2250 0 0
£4695 4 4
The above is exclusive of ropes, &c. to raise the guns, as well as
some other incidental requisites, such as transport of stores, and tools
to be made by the blacksmith on the premises ; as also, 150,000 bricks,
the price of which I am entirely ignorant of.
B. ROMANS, Engineer.
Sir — Your considerations on the conspicuous light you
have been placed in at this post, your watchfulness for the
interests of Annerica as far as in your power lies, suppose
you mean in the expense that mnst attend our present
works, with the many et ceteras therein, we beg leave to
make the following reply :
1st. As to the erroneous distribution of 137 artificers
and labourers at the post when you drew up your conside-
rations, about 28 carpenters and 19 masons have come to
this post since the 20th Octr. You arrived here the 10th,
and think it would have been your duty to have let the
commissioners know the proportion of labourers wanted to
the artificers, before the addition of the latter were sent
from New-York, and we do not recollect that even then
you mentioned it ; it has been latterly your complaint, on
seeing the season advance, and our uneasiness that we had
no place of any defence finished. To your judgment we
submit what quantity of cubical feet of stone a mason pro-
perly attended may lay in twelve hours ? We confess our
ignorance in this calculation. But this we certainly arc
judges of, viz. If the work is well done, and the artificers
keep close to it the proper time of working. The disap-
pointment of one hundred men, expected up soon after we
landed here, you,, arc no stranger to. A proper attention
should have been paid, in your mind, to the labourers that
would necessarily be wanted frequently to unload timber,
lime, brick, shingles and stores.
2nd. In regard to your promise to build a block house in
six weeks, with 6 hands and 2 oxen, you may perform ; but
remark, that your account of the number of carpenters and
labourers employed on the one now nearly finished is cer-
tainly much exaggerated, as to the whole time since the 10th
Oct. The carpenters not doing the work of it in a workman-
like manner you were to notice, and to have pointed out the
most expeditious method, as we were frequently expostu-
lating with you on the backwardness of our having some
place of defence finished. As to oxen being cheaper than
labourers to carry timber from the pierhead up to the
heights of the rock where the block house is erected, may
be just ; but you know that when we began said block
house we scarcely had a road up to it, from said pier, for
men, then a cart vvas proposed to be drawn by labourers ,
a road was with great labour made for that, and a cart pro-
cured. About three weeks ago you proposed the hire of
oxen, and three pair to be got directly ; one pair was agreed
to, and every step in our situation taken to get them. A
letter was wrote to the committee of the Fishkills to assist
us ; a boat and people employed in messages to procure
them. Three pair of oxen, or even one, ought to have
been provided with forage, (none being on this rock,) be-
fore they were brought to this place to be worked hard
amongst rocks : this is not the work of a day where we
are placed. Your calculation of the extra iron in lieu of
trunnels may be just ; but you will be pleased to observe,
it was a case of absolute necessity, as you had never men-
tioned any thing of trunnels till they were wanted, and
then informed us that nothing here was fit for such use,
that only locust trunnels would answer ; those not being to
be got, after many applications up here, the block house
could not be left waiting for them, as our orders from the
Provincial Congress, dated the 28th September, was to get
at least twelve guns directly mounted for defence, which
you were made acquainted with on your return to this post,
and frequently urged to get performed.
3d. Your calculations of the expense of the block house,
now near built, for this being the 10th of November, it is
not yet finished, we think not exact in many articles. Ne-
cessary iron, we believe, you will find to exceed your esti-
mate. All that we have to say farther on this head, is,
that we were of opinion, and told you so, that there was no
necessity of making a temporary work have an elegant out-
side appearance, and the inside to be lined with so much
nicety and expense.
You say, with your method of building and woikmen,
you would find you could build such a blockhouse for £176
95. something less than the half of what, by your estimate,
you say the present one will cost. We should be glad to
know who but yourself constructed, ordered, and particu-
larly directed that building, (except in the case of the iron
bolts in lieu of trunnels.) Had the timber for it been ordered
in pieces of length equal to the sides, instead of pieces of
eighteen feet long, unwieldy for men to move and bring
up on the rock, we should have had those pieces brought
up with more despatch, and not have seen so great a waste
of timber sawed from every piece, laying about the works ;
no trifling extraordinary expense this.
4th. We are at a loss to conceive what you mean by —
amongst other bad regulations — one, and that grievously
against sound policy, has taken place here, respecting some
special marks of favour shewn (by us, suppose that is your
meaning,) to the country carpenters, above the York car-
penters. Now we request you would point out this special
mark of favor ? Sure we are, that the country carpenters
have not been so comfortably accommodated as the others,
having no fireplace to this day, November 10th, to go to,
and according to yo\ir own confession they arc the most
faithful workmen. We have always understood tiiat it was
both just and sound policy to reward merit ; we have rather
been deficient in this to those deserving men. If you had
heard any unreasonable murmurs from the York carpenters,
why was it kept from us ? As a proper inquiry might have
104
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
been made, and if unjust murmurs, the persons guilty
should been discharged from the service.
The rest of lliis long carpenters' affair we shall leave,
thanking you for your advice at the conclusion, which we
think would be very impolitic in these times to put into
execution.
5thly. As the oxen are again introduced with an esti-
mate of the difference of twenty men's labour, and two
oxen with the teamster one day m which you make a bal-
lance of £5 8s. Od. in favour of oxen. But you have for-
got that this one teamster cannot put on a stick of timber
12 in. by 12, eighteen feet long on the carriage by himself,
nor put it down when at the place wanted. We have had
a pretty good sample this day in the oxen carrying off stone,
when six men were employed to put the stone on and
support it all the way to where it was thrown off. We
are apprehensive your calculations of the cost of hay and
corn for two oxen, four months is below the mark, as we
will soon be convinced of. However, on the whole, we
join with you in the necessity of having them at this place,
and that a vast saving will be made by using such. The
reason why they were not procured sooner we have already
mentioned.
6thly. In regard to the erroneous principle you say our
labourers arc hired on, you may be very right in, could it
have been carried into execution on our first coming here,
(if you had then mentioned it) which is some doubt with us
as the times are.
7thly. The superficial views you say you took of the
ground when you first came up here was a great error. It
should have been minutely examined to have made a
proper estimate of works to be erected here. As to the
estimate, you never favoured us with it, we wish you had,
it might have been of some service then, it can be of little
now, amongst your considerations presented to us. All the
necessary tools, wheel-barrows, &c. brought to this post
were procured without any direction from you. In your
estimate of the expenses of the barracks and stores you
have forgot glass for the windows, iron, the freight of
boards and shingles, unless the freight of the two latter
articles are included in your incidental requisites.
Sthly. As to the article of not being able to do without
miners is a doubt with us, we, however, submitted to some
being employed for taking away a large part of a rock to
the NW. of the block house, although powder was scarce
with us and not sent up for such service, twenty odd
weight of which has been already expended. We are
satisfied to have two miners employed for the purpose of
taking away rocks that can not be removod without, as soon
as we have powder sent up for that service, which we have
applied for ; but to have four employed to blast stone for
the works we presume would be very expensive indeed,
as stone enough can be procured all around us and brought
Avith the team to the works. When after a blast is made the
large pieces are to be worked upon by labourers with mauls
to make them portable.
9thly. On what view you have interfered with the
steward's oflBce you best know, in your directions about de-
livering out the provisions. We know what provisions are
received, what number of hands every day to be victualled,
and he keeps an account of provisions expended. If it has
proceeded from a suspicion that more provisions may be
delivered out than is necessary, by which an extraordinary
expense will arise. We wish you would consider how
often we have requested you to send from this post your
negro which we now insist on, who is a nuisance, and has
caused more dissatisfaction amongst the people than ever
we could learn from any particular favour shown to the
country carpenters. Your addition of a clerk for yourself
is an officer we can by no means allow of, and for the
above reason desire if you retain him, to pay and provide
provision for him at your own expense. You cannot have
forgot when you recommended Mr. Vandome to Messrs.
Bayard, Bedlow and Hanson, that he was to assist you in
your writing.
lOthly. As to the number of unwelcome guests we so
frequently have had, you know it has never met with our -ap-
probation and have frequently informed the Provincial Con-
gress of the impropriety of suffering it.
Lastly. As to your entreaty to make the necessary altera-
tions you have recommended in your conclusion, we think
the above a sufficient reply, and could any alteration in
this advanced season of the year take place to advance
the fortification, no persons would more gladly embrace
them to further the public service we are engaged in, as
we think ourselves as much interested to do it in the rank
the Honble. Provincial Congress of this Province have
placed us in, as possibly you can be. We know the power
we are invested with, and will be glad to see you not in-
terrupt them by assuming the sole direction in every thing
here. Upon the whole we assure you, sir, we have no
other desire than to treat you as a gentleman who has an
important trust committed (with us) to your charge ; there-
fore, to avoid every thing that should interrupt that harmo-
ny that ought to subsist among persons employed in the
cause of American liberty, do desire that when you want
to have any piece of work done we may come together and
consult about it, that we may approve or not.
We are, sir, your humble servants,
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
JONTN. LAWRENCE,
THOS. GRENELL.
Marllers Rock, Nov. 10th, 1775.
To Bernard Romans, Engineer.
[B. Romans's letter to the commissioners of the fortifications in the
Highlands.]
Gentlemen — As 1 am a great hater of epistolary alter-
cation, I was not willing to answer your long starter of dif-
ficulties, which seems to me a declared commencement of
a paper war instead of an answer to my reasonable remon-
strances of 2d instant ; but as I am determined that you
should not think yourselves unanswerable, I resolved this
morning to honour your long answer with as short a reply
as the nature of things will allow ; at the same time assur-
ing you that this is the last paper I shall blacken on this
head, and that I will take care that my pen shall proclaim
the voice of truth.
Your introduction seems intended to be of the humorous
kind. You play on my words and call a conspicuous light
what I called a rank. I will do no more than think as I
did then ; and as in a private station I have more than
once exerted myself for America, you may rely on it that
I will do no less, now I am honoured with the post and
rank the Congress has conferred on me, the dignity of
which commission I shall try to preserve with military vigi-
lance and spirit.
To your first, wherein you say, " it was my duty to let
the commissioners know the proportion of labourers wanted
to the artificers." I knew my duty, I did it, and so I did
to the Committee of Safety, which last, I dare say remem-
ber ray complaint about it ; and if the commissioners'
memory fail them, some one of them may remember when
one evening we were on that topic, I ventured to say, that
since my plan was approved of, I thought myself the per-
son who should direct all. The polite answer I got on that
head I have not forgot, though it made me resolve an im-
position of silence on myself till the state of affairs would
naturally dispose matters to flow in their proper channels.
How far you are judges of work I know not, as I am not
acquainted with your extent of experience, but I often
heard you complain about the freezing out of the masonry.
I beg leave to inform you that on a single brick wall of 9
inches, a frost may take out 3 inches on each side, but it
can not take out quite so much of our wall ; because, as
the thickness increases, the effect of the frost decreases,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
105
and can not be more than 2 inches at most on the outside
of our works, which must be pointed over again in the
spring ; and this new pointing I mentioned before ten stones
were laid in the wall. All men who ever were necessitated
to work late in thick work, will, from experience, vouch
the truth of my assertion.
To your second and third, relating to the block house,
I did not exaggerate my number of carpenters. I still
stand to my promise and can do it. I do not remember
any expostulations, except shrugging up shoulders can
be called so, for that always was the answer to my many
times repeated plaints in regard of hewing and rehewing
of the timber, and whenever that kind of expostulation
happened, I used to recollect your original polite answer
of " We are not grown so old to allow you to direct the
work." With regard to a road, you made your landing in
a wrong place before I came here; and when I used to be
angry at so many hands working on roads at unseasonable
times and unnecessary places, I always got my labour for
my pains ; and how shortly is it ago since I got the ill will
of one of you for barely telling the labourers that there was
no necessity to remove a certain stone laying near a road
which was then making ? My proposal of oxen was as
soon as they became necessary, and I then said buying
was preferable to hiring, unless people would bring forage
along with them. You might have bought them, but in-
stead of that, you countermanded some that were bought,
as you did of getting of timber, even now before one-ftfth
of the timber is got that is mentioned in my estimate.
What you mean by an elegant outside appearance, I can
not conceive. My calculations of the necessary iron work
is just, except indeed, the rings and staples outside of the
ports, which I never thought of, nor would have had them
there had you not ordered some one to put them there.
About the " inside lined with so much nicety and expense,"
the extra cost of this, is no more than one day and a half
easy work for a carpenter, (about 14s.) for it must be lined
let who will live in it, and as it generally is the residence
of an officer, as this is now for me, I thought passing the
jack plane over one side of the lining was the least that
could be done. What would you have said, had I lined the
roof, divided the lower room with panel partitions, and
put up a panel ceiling to remove and put up at pleasure?
for most block houses are so, and the meanest are parti-
tioned. It seems your ideas of a temporary work is, that
it ought to last six months — to build a new one again.
As to trunnels, I ordered 2,000 of oak, when locust was
not to be had. I do not know what ruined your credit, but
the badness of that among the country people prevents your
getting any thing regularly.
I planned, gentlemen, but remember you ordered even
that, though you could not so well direct that case as you
could when you spoiled my plan of the barracks. What
you mean by a waste of timber, I am utterly at a loss for;
my order of 18 feet long was right, and had I ordered
them the just length, they might have come 3 inches too
short, and then indeed it would have been waste ; but had
they been 3 inches too long, the sawing off of 3 inches
would take as long time as sawing off 2, 3 and 10 feet,
which I wanted elsewhere.
The day I got your epistle, I looked around the works
for waste timber ; I saw none but chips, and I confess, I
was struck with the thought, what a pity it was nature
gave our carpenters so much trouble. The truth is, gen-
tlemen, you have no business with my calculations of the
kind, you are to judge afterwards ; you have before now,
seen what your no trifling extraordinary expense of tim-
ber goes to. The mention you make of the pieces being
unwieldy, is curious ; I can not see what odds it made
to the men, to have them sawed at the landing or at the
mill ; they would have been 1 1 feet in cither case ; and
excepting some trifling iron work, that was not finished,
I was right in my judgment about the 10th of November,
for that day I lived in it, and I received your letter there.
[Vol. II.] 27
By what necessity do you introduce the order for mount-
ing 12 guns ? have I ever opposed it, and are we not on
the point of having 20 ?
To your fourth, I must tell you, that Mr. White, the
master carpenter, being an acquaintance of Mr. Bayard,
was indulged with the liberty to make evening visits to
you, and this gave rise to a distinction, insomuch that Mr.
Addams has been told to let Mr. White go on with such
and such particular work, he, Addams, need not trouble
himself about it ; this produced two master carpenters,
and Addams justly complained of the matter, because
White at first, treated him as his superior, but at length
became his equal. Yet, still, I think as I did then, coun-
try carpenters are preferable, and what makes the use of
them impolitic, is a conception beyond my ideas.
Fifthly. My calculation of the oxen's work is evident ;
I can show you how a teamster himself and one man may
load his cart ; but as every country clown knows how, it
is below me, even while I am the paltry being that is not
allowed to direct his own plan, for as the helping of the
oxen is the finest skulking berth our labourers can find,
I do not know whether I would be safe in destroying it,
while I have no command. But, gentlemen, your wheels
were too low, and when a new pair was bespoke, I plead-
ed long to have them timber wheels ; but no, they must
be common cart wheels ; and now they are come, they
are common cart wheels indeed. As to the six men em-
ployed to steady the stone, I only tried the oxen (twice)
on the wall, and found the fear of the animals made it un-
safe ; I desisted, therefore, and men only have done it.
You will please to remember, that that machine was no
cart, and with it I have brought stones of two ton weight
to the wall, very different from a piece of timber of 10 or
even 8 feet long; it was my invention, but any body might
have thought of that, as well as of Columbus's egg. If
my calculation of forage is below the mark, please to
know that it is far above what the people of the country-
allow to their cattle.
Sixthly. Labourers may be had under the regulations I
mentioned ; I can get 500 if need be.
In your seventh, you catch at my word " superficial,"
as drowning people do at straws. I will tell you some-
thing, perhaps to you extraordinary : what I call a " su-
perficial" view, was such as most other surveyors would
call a perfect survey. I am, from long experience, enabled
to take more exact surveys of places with a piece of paper
and pencil, than perhaps 99 beside me can, with all the cir-
cumstantial apparatus generally used. It is true, I forgot
the iron for the barracks, but have you mended that mis-
take by using nearly as much on one block house as I in-
tended to use for the whole work ? Glass is a trifle ; 318
panes cost about £6 12s. 6d. Transport of stores surely
includes freight for board and shingles : and work to be
made on the spot by the blacksmith, surely shewed, that I
was aware more iron would bo required than I could think
of. In short, I am more and more convinced, that my es-
timate is right ; the price of the article of lime only,
excepted, which I calculated at Philadelphia or New-Eng-
land price, little dreaming that it cost above twice as much
in New-York.
To your eighth, I insist upon it, you must have miners
liere. And as to the labourers mauling the stone, need I
tell you, gentlemen, that I have often been out of all hu-
mour, to see them work in stone that would not split, as
I knew how to get them to the wall of any size ; but
here, again, my authority failed me.
To the beginning of your ninth, I have perhaps gone a
little below the dignity of my office. This proceeded
chiefly, because I found that many of our gentry took the
advantage of drawing their provisions when they intended
to decamp the very next morning. But what I mentioned
about tools in this article, is what you ought to have an-
swered : here I spoke in my proper sphere ; but this you
waived, to proceed to a matter, which, had I not been
106
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
convinced of the integrity of your transcriber, I could
have never thouglilwould liave proceeded from you, II loolis
so mucli hlie the htlle vengeance of disajjpointed scolds.
I deny your ever having requested me to send my negro
away. Mr. Bedlow once told me this : " Mr. Romans,
you had better get a place for your negro ;" but I could
not construe this into a request, much less an order from
men who have no manner of auliiorily over me. The
negro is more rogue than fool ; but he is so harmless, that
while people let him alone, he will be quiet. He is a
new negro, and by his actions lie sometimes diverts your
people ; but 1 defy you to point out a single instance of
dissatisfaction on that score. Once, indeed, there was a
complaint against him, for which I gave him a severe
chastisement, and you know that I had reason to be sorry,
when (almost immediately after) his innocence appeared.
But, gentlemen, he never cost you nor the country any
thing, as there was never an ounce of provision served
out for him ; he has lived on scraps from others ; and he
must be a sorry dog indeed, thai does not deserve the
crumbs from his master's table ; he might at least, serve
me to fetch wood and water. 1 have provided a place for
him, but not in obedience to you.
It is hard indeed, that I, who in my private station, have
for many years past never been without a servant, or even
two or three, should be raised to a public one, to be de-
barred that privilege. I know no place where so cruel a
prohibition would take place ; while I was in the service
of the King my pay was greater, and I had sundry rations
allowed, although my servants were in pay and drew pro-
visions besides. Since 1 arrived last to the northward,
now nearthree years ago, I have always maintained and fed
a number of people, seldom less than six, at high wages, and
now not to be allowed any attendance at all, is surely ne-
ver meant. People whose duty it was to ask me whether I
was in want of any thing, have been reprimanded for com-
ing to the block house ; but your mention of Mr. Adams
astonishes me beyond every thing ; was it necessary,
my copy book would show you his handwriting, to make
it appear that he has for years back transacted my buis-
ness ; he is a gentleman in whose fortunes I am interested,
and I will assist him with all my means. You say " He is
an officer that you can by no means allow of. " Sure I
want him not to be your officer, if he is mine it is enough ;
and to it you add, If you retain him, pay and procure pro-
cure provision for him ; " how mean the inuendo ! I have
often done it. It is true it was said Mr. Vandome was to
assist me ; he came up to be the clerk of the cheque, and
as such you retained him ; but since, I saw him employed as
commissary of stores, and as clerk to the commissioners
as well as clerk of the cheque, I thought it cruel to ask
assistance from him, my business well followed is three
men's work. Perhaps you think me your officer too. Soft-
ly gentlemen ; that will never do. The Congress appointed
me to a rank I esteem more honourable than any I ever
held, yet for 14 years back I have been sometimes employed
as a commodore in the King's service ; sometimes at the
head of large bodies of men in the woods ; and at the worst
of times I have been master of a merchantman fitted in a
•warlike manner. I will in future draw the provisions the
Congress will allow me, and that will maintain us both.
To your tenth I have nothing to reply. But your lastly
is too important to let pass unnoticed — the necessary al-
terations must be made before the work goes on well ; and
as for seasons, such business as this waits none, if we keep
not the work going, we will in spring again be new begin-
ners. I interrupt none of your powers; I meddle with none ;
but you have hindered me from having as much again work
done, and till I am sole director of my plan, things cannot
go well. None can be more happy in the union you men-
tion ; but if I must be cap in hand, gentlemen, to be an over-
seer under you, it will not do, depend upon it, I have too
much blood in me for so mean an action, and you must
seek such submissive engineers elsewhere. If I execute
my plan whicii is approved of, I have no business to con-
sult you any farther than that you must find mc people and
pay them ; if in that case, I do not comply with my enter-
prise, then is your to disapprove and complain, but not be-
fore.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
B. ROMANS.
Martler's Rock, 16th Nov. 1775,
To the Commissioners for the fortifications in the Highlands.
Gentn. — I forebore to make use of the many polite ap-
pellalions, such as scoundrel, villain &c., with which Mr.
Bedlow was pleased last night, so copiously to honour me
in public.
B. ROMANS.
November 22d, 1775.
[Mr. B. Romans letter to the Commissioners for the Fortifications at
at the Highlands.]
Pou^hkeepsie, December 5th, 1775.
Gentlemen — Some few days past three men were com-
mitted to jail in consequence of an order from the general
committee of Dutchess county, on a charge of having aided
and assisted Peter Harris in enlisting men for the Ministerial
army. 'J'he commiltecof Poughkeepsic precinct having rea-
son to believe that some further discovery might be made of
the pernicious schemes carrying on in this county against
the friends of American liberty, as well to procure further
evidences against said prisoners.
The chairman issued citations for a number of persons
to appear before said committee the 4th instant, on which
day most of them appeared and Mr. Justice Ellis being
called to qualify them, three persons whom the committee
deemed the most material witnesses, refused to be sworn
and contemned the authority of the committee, saying they
had taken good council so to do. And the committee be-
ing of opinion that there are several very officious Minis-
terial agents in this county, who have corrupted the minds
of many of the ignorant and baser sort of men among us,
maliciously telling them the whigs were in rebellion ; the
King would conquer them, and their estates be forfeited ;
and if they take up arms against them, the King for their
services will give them the whigs' possessions. The com-
mittee taking these matters into consideration, and being
of opinion that the denial of their authority is of the last
importance, and not being clear that any particular rule is
pointed out by Congress, think it expedient to solicit
their advice in these premises.
We are, gentlemen, your obedient and very humble
servants.
By order of the committee,
SAMUEL DODGE, Chairman.
To the President of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Huntington, Deer. IQth, 1775.
Sir — This you will receive by Major Brush, who is
appointed by the committee of this town to lay before the
Congress the state of the town, and as there is a number
of commissions wanted, should be glad if they may be sent
up by the major for the following gentlemen, viz : for the
second company, Jonathan Titus, captain ; Joshua Rogers,
first lieutenant; Thomas Brush, second lieutenant. For the
the third company, Joel Scudder, captain ; Nananiel Buffet,
first lieutenant; Epinetus Smith, second lieutenant; John
Heart, ensign ; and as Mr. Brush is acquainted with the state
of the town as to their slackness in military preparations,
as also that we have great reason to believe all methods
used by our neighbours to make them indifferent in this
great contest, we not only beg your advice but assis-
tance ; for it is my opinion if there is not a sufficient num-
ber of men immediately sent to effectually subdue Queens
county and intimidate the people amongst us, great many
here will soon be in a little better ruffle than the rebels of
Queens county, which we have great reason to believe is
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
107
making interest with our slaves and other servants, &c. I
should have wrote to the President, but hearing of your
not making a House, you will be pleased to communicate
this to Congress. I would further add, I have exerted my-
self in my station, but if nothing is done by your House I
must be obliged to desist. But as to myself as an indi-
vidual, I am determined lo live and die free.
I am, sir, your, most hm. servt.
GILBERT POTTER.
To John S. Hobart, Esqr. in Provincial Congress.
Dec. 20th, 1775.
May it please your Excellency —
Accept of my grateful acknowledgennents for those
favours conferred on me, and rest assured I shall endeavour
to make it my study to convince your Excellency your kind
recommendation was bestowed (though on an unfortunate)
yet a deserving object. Since I have been on shore I have
through the interest of my friends been furnished with
necessaries for my passage to Boston, with sontie letters of
recommendation to gentlemen there. I now as the last re-
quest (which I am almost afraid to make) beg your Excel-
lency would assist me with some small pittance, only to
serve me a few days after my arrival. Indeed, sir, I would
not solicit it, but dire necessity obliges me. May every
happiness attend your Excellency, is the ardent wish of
your Excellency's
Very obedt. humble servant,
JOHN BLACKLER.
To His Excellency GoTernor Tryon.
[A letter from the committee of Richmond county, that a majority of
the inhabitants are disinclined to anti-ministerial measures.]
Richmond county, December 15, 1775.
Mr; President —
Sir — Your favour of December the 2d, we here-
by acknowledge came safe to our hands, and with the ma-
jority of our committee considered the contents. W^e,
agreeable to your request, have caused by advertisement,
the freeholders and inhabitants in our county to be conven-
ed on this day, in order that their sense might be taken,
whether they would choose Deputies to represent them in
Provincial Congress or not. Accordingly, a number of
the said freeholders and inhabitants did appear ; a regular
poll was opened and continued till six o'clock ; at the con-
clusion of which it appeared that a majority was for the
present for sending no Deputies,
Our former conduct in sending of Deputies to represent
us in Provincial Congress, was elevated with encouraging
hopes, of having ere this obtained the so much desired
point in our view, namely, a reconciliation with Great
Britain. But with anxiety we express it, that the hopes
of obtaining so desirable an event, is now almost vanished
out of our sight ; and instead of which, we behold with
horror, every appearance of destruction, that a war with
Great Britain will bring upon us.
Under these apprehensions, and in our particular situa-
tion we hope you will view us ; and when candidly con-
sidered, we trust, will furnish you with sufficient reason
for the present to forbear with us. We wish and pray,
that if yet any hopes of reconciliation is left, that measures
might be adopted, if possible, to obtain that desirable end,
in wishing of which we conclude ourselves.
Your most obt. and most humble servts.
JOHN TYSKN,
DANIEL CORSEN,
JOSKPH CHRISTOPHER,
CHRISTIAN JACOBS,
PETER MERSEREAU,
LAMRERT MERRELL,
JOHN POILLON.
P. S. Should the Congress think it necessary for further
information of the slate of our country, they will please lo
order two of our committee to appear before them for llial
purpose.
Mr. Nathl. Wooohull, President of Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Wm. Smitli and Joseph Smith, requesting the commis-
sion for their offices ]
Manor St. George, Decmr. 15, 1775.
Gentlemen — There has enlisted as minute men, seven-
ty able bodied men, within the bounds of Brookhaven,
Smithtown, manor St. George, and the palentship of Me-
ritches, who have chosen Daniel Rose, of Brookhaven,
their captain ; Hugh Smith, of Meritches, their first-lieu-
tenant; Caleb Brewster, their second, of Brookhaven ; and
their ensign, Ebenezer Phillips, of Smithtown ; and as
Hugh Smith and David Fanning, the first and second lieu-
tenants of the third company in Brookhaven, whereof Na-
than Rose is captain, have enlisted in the minute service,
the company have chose John Smith, of the manor St.
George, their first-lieutenant ; William Baker, of Brookha-
ven, their second lieutenant ; and Doxey Lane, of the ma-
nor of St. George, their ensign. The choice of each of
the above companies was made in the presence of us the
subscribers, who are of the committee. The minute men
(who there appears to be great need of, to still intestine
disaffection to our common cause,) want powder, ball,
guns, drum, colours, and other necessaries, which here are
not to be had ; and if to be bought, a great part of the
company not able to purchase. Your supply or direction in
these points will be agreeable to
Your humbl. servants.
WM. SMITH,
JOSIAH SMITH.
P. S. Pray let the commissions be handed down soon.
The President of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
Philad. mil Novemr. 1775.
Gentlemen — The Congress have taken the resolution
to appoint a commander of the fortress in the Highlands,
with the rank of colonel, and Wednesday is fixed for that
purpose. As it must be of moment that this command
should be vested in a person of abilities, and in whom
the inhabitants place confidence, we wish you would name
three or four gentlemen who are competent for the trust,
and we shall endeavour to get one of them preferred.
You will however be pleased to observe that as these
works are erected at a Continental expense, the Congress
claim an absolute right to appoint the officers.
We have the honour to be.
With the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servants,
JAS. DUANE,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON, Jtjnr.
Honourable Provincial Congress, at New- York.
Gentlemen — A multiplicity of engagements and a
continual pressure of other concerns, have prevented pro-
ceeding in the ease of the soldiers confined for seditious
and treasonable practices, but as soon as time will admit,
a proper attention will be paid to it. In the mean time, I
beg leave to suggest the propriety of the authority of the
Province taking some steps with regard to those persons
confined by tlicm for the same offences. They, certainly,
are to be deemed the principals, and justice to the inferior
agents, while the others pass unnoticed, I observe, only
excites compassion and censure. I am very sensible it is
a case full of difficulty and perplexity, and well deserving
of your most serious deliberation ; nor do I entertain a
doubt but the result will be such as will conduce to the
public good.
I have, some time ago, mentioned to the Body of which
you are a committee, the necessity of falling upon some
measures to remove from the city and its environs, persons
of known disaffection and enmity to the cause of America.
The safely of tlie army, llic success of every enterprise
and the security of all, depends so much on adopting the
most speedy and effectual steps for the purpose, that I beg
108
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
leave again to repeat it; and do most earnestly entreat you
to fall upon some plan for this purpose, or give me your
assistance so to do, as to remove tliose disquieting and
discouraging apprehensions which pervade the whole anny
on this subject. A suspicion that there arc many Ministe-
rial agents among us, would justly alarm soldiers of more
experience and discipline than ours, and I foresee very
dangerous consequences, in many respects, if a remedy to
the evil is not soon and efficaciously applied.
The removal of the tory prisoners, confined in the jail
of this city, is a matter to which I would solicit your at-
tention. In every view, it appears dangerous and improper.
In case of an attack and alarm, there can be no doubt
what part they would take, and none can tell what influ-
ence they might have.
You will, gentlemen, do me the justice to believe, that
nothing but the importance and necessity of the case could
induce me thus to urge these matters, in which you have
also an immediate and common interest.
The gentlemen appointed to give passes to persons
leaving the city, I am informed decline acting. Great in-
convenience will ensue to the citizens if this business
should be committed to officers of the army, who, from
their ignorance of the inhabitants, as well as other reasons,
are wholly improper for the management of it. I should
be glad if your committee will lake this matter also into
their consideration.
I am, gentlemen.
With great respect and regard.
Your most obed. and very hble. serv.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Head-Quarters, July 13, 1775.
To the Committee of the Honourable the
Convention of the State of New- York.
Newark, July 8th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have just now received the order from
our Congress, of which the enclosed is a copy ; and in-
form you thereof, that we may correspond and cooperate
as the execution of the trusts reposed in us may require.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt.
LEWIS OGDEN.
Messrs. Jay and Morris.
Dear Morris — Residing peaceably upon Long island,
I was taken prisoner, brought to town on Sunday evening,
and confined in jail. As there neither is nor can be any
crime alledged against me, I flatter myself that for merely
being a servant to His Majesty, it can not be the intention
of the Congress to keep me in this situation. You may be
assured that I am m a very bad state of health, and my
constitution unable to sustain the dismal and weary hours
of a prison. This, added to the precarious situation of
every person confined here at present, makes me more
than anxious to be free. I make no doubt of your readi-
ness to afford every generous and humane assistance to re-
lieve me. Wishing you all health and happiness,
I am, dear sir.
Your most obed. humble servt.
JAMES COGGESHALL.
New Jail, July 2d, 1776.
Blooming Grove, July 2, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed you have a copy of the evidence of
Ephraim Dunning and the examination of John Lamson,
relative to the plot contrived against the liberties of the
United Colonies, which contain the substance of all the
examinations that came before the committee whilst sitting
upon that business ; and as the evidence is principally
against Thomas Cayne, now confined in New-York, the
committee thought proper to transmit the same to you, in
order that the committee of Congress or any others who
may have the examination of Cayne, miglit be the better
prepared to interrogate him closely, as lie mentioned to
Dunning several persons of distinction, who, if they were
concerned, ought to be confined immediately. Most of
those persons were before the committee, but no evidence
appearing against them, were discharged, although there
was reason to think that Mr. Gale was at least knowing to
the affair, as several persons in his employ absconded as
soon as the county committee appeared in Goshen. Great
pains have been taken to discover the leaders of the plot in
this county, but no evidence has appeared against any one
but Ebenezer Seely, who absconded when it first came
out, and may probably endeavour to get on board the man
of war — a strict watch should be kept to prevent it if pos-
sible. Capt. Seth Marvin will be able to give a description
of him.
Nicholas Dean, that moved from Sugar Loaf to New-
York last spring, is the man that Cayne told Lamson was
to be their captain — Cayne ought to be strictly examined
relative to him.
The committee thought proper to retain the following
persons in close confinement, viz. James Hoff, Julius
Smith, Matthew Sweny, John Lamson, James Smith.
You will be good enough to give the earliest information
of what is further to be done with them.
I am, with the most profound respect.
Sir, your most obedient and very hum. servt.
THOMAS MOFFATT.
William McCray, Samuel McCray, John McKinster,
absconded from Mr. Gales' employ.
To Colo. William Allison.
[A letter from Capt. A. Hamilton, requesting the new Continental pay
for his company, a bounty of frocks, and some expenses of his offi-
cers in recruiting.
Gentlemen — I take the liberty to request your atten-
tion to a few particulars, which will be of considerable im-
portance to the future progress of the company under my
command, and I will be much obliged to you for as speedy
a determination concerning them as you can conveniently
give. The most material is respecting the pay. Our com-
pany, by their articles, are to be subject to the same regu-
lations, and to receive the same pay as the Continental
artillery. Hitherto, I have conformed to the standard laid
down in the Journal of the Congress, published the 10th
May, 1775, but I am well informed that by some later re-
gulation, the pay of the artillery has been augmented and
now stands according to the following rates: captain, £10
13s. Ad.; captain-lieutenant, £8; lieutenants, each £7.
6s. 8d. ; sergeants, £3 6s. 8d. ; corporals, £3 Is. Ad. ;
bombardiers, £3 Is. Ad. ; gunners, £3 ; matrosses, £2
17s. Ad.; drummers and fifers, £3. By compairing these
with my pay rolls, you will discover a considerable diffe-
rence, and I doubt not you will be easily sensible that such
a difference should not exist. I am not personally inte-
rested in having an augmentation agreeable to the above
rates, because my own pay will remain the same that it
now is ; but I make this application on behalf of the
company, as I am fully convinced such a disadvan-
tageous distinction will have a very pernicious effect
on the minds and behaviour of the men. They do the
same duty with the other companies, and think themselves
entitled to the same pay. They have been already com-
paring accounts and many marks of discontent have lately
appeared on this score. As to the circumstance of our
being confined to the defence of the Colony, it will have
little or no weight, for there are but few in the com-
pany who would not as willingly leave the Colony on any
necessary expedition as stay in it ; and they will not there-
fore think It reasonable to have their pay curtailed on such
a consideration.
Capt. Beauman, I understand, enlists all his men on
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
109
the above terms, and this makes it very difficult for me to
get a single recruit, for men will naturally go to those who
pay them best. On this account I should wish to be im-
mediately authorized to offer the same pay to all who may
incline to enlist.
The next thing I should wish to know is, whether I
might be allowed any actual expenses that might attend
the enlistment of men, should I send into the country for
that purpose ; the expense would not be great and it would
enable me to complete my company at once, and bring it
the sooner into proper order and discipline. Also, I should
be glad to be informed if my company is to be allowed the
frock which is given to the other troops as a bounty. This
frock would be extremely serviceable in summer while the
men are on fatigue, and would put it in their power to
save their uniform much longer.
J am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedient servant,
A. HAMILTON, Cap.
The Honourable the Provincial Congress.
New-York, Idth July, 1776.
Gentlemen — Henry Little and John Lewis were both
confined by my order in the City Hall, and each of them
charged with the crime of drinking a health to King George,
and success to his fleet, and declaring or manifesting their
intention to join the said fleet, or army of the enemy against
the Continental army, which charge was delivered to the
officer of the guard at that place.
In the morning of the 14lh instant I received a line from
you, desiring me to direct my evidences in the case of
Lewis to attend upon you at nine o'clock in the morning
of the same morning. This did not come to my hand until
sorrtelime after the time you set for the attendance of the
evidences. On receiving your notice, I immediately sent
to Lieutenant Dunham, of Colonel Ward's regiment, (who
was my informant relative to the said prisoners,) to appear
as soon as possible before you, to give what intelligence in
the premises he was able to do. He since says he ap-
peared before you as soon as he could, he thinks about 10
o'clock the same day, and that you then informed him the
above mentioned prisoners were both released the day be-
fore. This intelligence of Dunham appeared to me so ex-
traordinary, I have thought it my duty to acquaint you
with it, that you may have an opportunity to shew the
mistake if there be any.
I am, gentlemen, with great truth and regard.
Your most obedient humble serv't.
JOS. SPENCER.
[Abraham Livingston's letter to Jno. Hancock. Esq. mentioning, if Con-
gress think his contract extravagant, he will resign cheerfully.]
New-York, Sth May, 1776.
Sir — Having been informed that the contract I made
with the Provincial Convention of this Colony, in behalf
of the Continent, is thought by the Honourable Continental
Congress disadvantageous to the public, I beg leave to ex-
plain the motives on which I founded my proposals. Hav-
ing seen an advertisement in the public prints, requesting
all those who were wilHng to contract for viclualhng the
army of llie United Colonies to be stationed in this Pro-
vince, to send their proposals sealed to the Provincial Con-
vention who were then sitting ; what particularly induced
me to make tenders, was, tiiat I thought few persons in
this city would be concerned in so great an undertaking ;
and as I had always an earnest desire to serve my country,
and being brought up to business, was confident that the
Representatives of this Colony would not be displeased
should the contract fall into my hands. These considera-
tions, with the prospect that the cniolumcnts arising there-
from would be adequate to the trouble and expense tliat
such a contract would naturally create, induced nie to ofier
proposals which were esteemed the most advantageous to
[Vol. II.] 28
the Continent of any delivered, and finally I contracted to
victual the army. But, as I am informed that the Honble.
Continental Congress are of opinion that my contract is
very injurious to the public, and although I am altogether
thrown out of business by the present uniiappy dispute, yet
I esteem it my duty, and shall always prefer the good of
the American cause to my private interest, I will therefore
with the utmost cheerfulness resign my contract, should
the Congress in their wisdom think it expedient.
I have the honour to be, &c.
To the Honourable John Hancock.
New-York, 9th May, 1776.
Gentn. — I am exceedingly anxious to have my contract
totally settled ; it is therefore I again trouble you on that
subject. Although the contract can not be taken from me
but by purchase, yet as the Continental Congress are of
opinion that my agreement with you is a very extravagant
one, and as a committee of that body has reported that the
Commissary-General be directed to supply all the troops, I
would by no means choose that any censure lay on this
Colony on my account ; I will, therefore, most cheerfully
resign the contract on such terms as no reasonable person
can have any objections to. I have been at a vast deal of
trouble, and have hitherto given almost universal satisfac-
tion to the few troops I have supplied ; these considerations
added to that of my having lost by the contract the most
genteel office in the power of the Continental Congress to
give me, I doubt not but you will__mention it to our Con-
vention.
Enclosed is a copy of a letter I wrote by yesterday's
post to the President of the Continental Congress ; I send
it for your perusal, and to show you that I mean to take
no advantage of the public. As I am determined to retire
into the country as soon as possible, I must earnestly en-
treat that something speedy may be determined on ; it has
long been a burthen on my spirits, and I am now heartily
sick of this very disagreeable affair.
I am your humble servant,
AB. LIVINGSTON.
To Messrs. Nathl. WooDHULr., Isaac Roose-
velt, Abraham Yates, Junr. Morris Gra-
ham. William Paulding.
Head-Quarters, July 15, 1776.
Gentlemen — In answer to your favour of yesterday, I
beg leave to acquaint you that I have consulted with such
of the general officers as could be easily convened, with re-
spect to the prisoners confined in the jail of this city. We
are all of opinion that to enlarge them or permit their con-
tinuance here is equally dangerous. No other course there-
fore remains than to send them to some place where they
can be safely kept, can have no influence, and consequently
do us no injury. If such a place could be conveniently
found in the Province it would be most proper ; but if not,
we arc of opinion they should be sent to some other, and
that without any delay. To obviate any difficulty which
may arise from the authority of one Province sending its
prisoners to another, I will most cheerfully cooperate with
you so as to give the measure the weight it may derive
from my general command. The place which in this case
has been proposed is Farmington in Connecticut.
The multiplicity of othcrengagcmentsobligcsme tosolicit
your attention and care to these matters, which are rather
of civil than military concern. And I would particularly
request you to consult and determine upon some method to
remove persons out of town, whose conduct, connections
and office afford the strongest prosinnplion of their remain-
ing here with dangerous and luifricndly views to the Ame-
rican cause. An indiscriminate order to remove all who
do not belong to the army or connected with it, or have not
taken up arms to defend the city, would probably involve
110
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
many innocent and inoffensive persons in difficuly. On ihc
other hand, to leave the city open lo spies and emissaries
front! the enemy, and facilitate tlieir intelligence, is totally
inconsistent with common prudence. I must therefore beg
your advice and assistance in this delicate and difficult cir-
cumstance, that while time and opportunity will admit,
some effectual measure may be taken to provide against so
alarming a danger.
I am, gentlemen.
With great truth and regard,
Your most obed. and hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Honourable the Committee of the Convention
of Representatives of the State of New- York, at
the City Hall of the city of New-York.
White Plains, 13th July, 1776.
Gentlemen — The enclosed is a copy of an examination
taken by the committee of safely of this county, of which
you will be pleased to make the pioper use. It appears to
me expedient that Robert Sutton should be apprehended.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN JAY.
To John Sloss Hobart, Esqr. and others,
the Committee of the Convention of the
State of New-York, now in the city of New-
York.
[Letter from Colonel Pawling, stating that Zacharias Rosekrans has
resigned and Moses Depue been elected in his place.]
Marbletown, May 19lh, 1776.
Gentlemen — I received a return a few days ago from
the chairman of the committee for the town of Rochester,
setting forth that Zacharias Rosekrans, (late ensign in
Capt. Jocham Schoonmaker's company,) had resigned,
and that the committee had ordered an election for choosing
another ensign for said company, which was done, and
that Moses Depue, Junr. was duly elected by the company
for the office aforesaid. I therefore desire that the said
Moses Depue, Junr. may be commissioned for to be an
ensign in said Capt. Jocham Schoonmaker's company, and
your compliance, gentlemen, will oblige
Your very humble servt.
LEVI PAWLING.
[Letter from Colo. D. Witt, enclosing returns of two minute compa-
nies in his regiment.]
Green-Kill, May 16, 1776.
Sir — The enclosed returns of the elections for offi-
cers of two companies of minute men in the regiment
under my command, were delivered to me by the dif-
ferent committees of Marbletown and Rochester, re-
questing me to transmit them to the Provincial Congress
for commissions. The rest of the companies to be formed
are not yet complete, owing, I suppose, at present, to a
report which is propagated that the minute regiments are
to be broke, which some men, whom I look upon unfriend-
ly, wish to see. If the Congress thought proper to issue
a positive order to the officers of the militia to deliver their
number without delay, I believe most of them would im-
mediately do it, as many companies, I hear, are nearly
ready with their complement ; but such reports as those
which I just mentioned, make the officers and men slack.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
CH. D. WITT.
[A letter from the Committee of New-Town, with John Moore, Junr.
a prisoner.]
New-Town, May 27, 1776.
Gentlemen — On complaint of Warters Smith, Esqr.
Captain Nathaniel Woodard, and several others of the in-
habitants of this town, against John Moore, Junior, of a
fresh insult offered to the united Colonies, by hoisting a
large flag, or suffering the same to be hoisted on his
ground, in imitation of a King's standard, the committee
ordered him to be taken into custody and brought before
them ; and as he has not given sufficient satisfaction, the
committee thought proper to order him safely conducted to
your Honourable Board, under the care of Captain Abra-
ham Remsen, for further examination.
By order of the committee.
JONN. LAWRENCE, Chairman.
N. B. The flag which was taken we have sent by Cap-
tain Remsen.
Nexo-York, May 27, 1776.
f Sir — Be it known that we the subscribers being present at
a funeral yesterday, did hear the following persons, Peter
McLean, Samuel Galsworthy, Francis De La Roach and a
young man in military clothing, who appeared to be an ac-
quaintance of said Galsworthy, make expresions which we
thought highly dangerous to the cause of liberty. McLean
in particular, said that persons that did not at present
take up arms in the cause of the country, were used worse
than any persons had ever been used in Rome or any other
Romish dominions. Francis De La Roach, said that he
wished King George might rule glorious and victorious
over us. We made mention that persons who was inimi-
cal to the cause of America should be shipped off. McLean
made answer, that we must be very nimble about it,
for very soon we would not iiave power to do it. The
others made expressions equally dangerous, the particulars
of which we will be able to tell if called upon.
AARON STOCKHOLM,
SAMUEL PRINCE,
JOHN BOGART,
THOS. GARDNER.
Referred to the Honourable Congress of this Colony, by
the general committee of this city, who conceive they have
not power sufficient to proceed against the aforesaid offend-
ers.
By order of the Committee.
JOSH. WINTER, Secy.
[A letter from Wm. Smith, Esqr. Suffolk county, informing that tories
go from that quarter to the ships of war, with water, oysters and
clams.]
Man. St. George's, May 25th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The committee of Brookhaven, manor of
St. George, and patent ship of Meriiches, met the 23d
instant. A number of evidences being sworn, it appeared
manifest to the meeting that there was a communication
from Winthrop's patent and the ships of war lying at the
Hook. It appeared also, one Gyer, a skipper, had carried
off a number of men, eight or ten, last Saturday night, the
most of them from Connecticut or Westchester, who had
been skulking in the woods a considerable time before they
went off. There is missing from that patent at least three
or four persons who are supposed to be gone with them, in
particular one Fountain, a gunsmith. Gyer has been se-
veral trips out at the inlet, and when returned gave no sat-
isfactory account to those who asked him where he had
been ; and it is thought he has carried people to the man of
war before, as people has come from the main shore to
Stonybrook, and then gone through the woods to Win-
throp's patent. Men have been seen with arms who were
unknown to the inhabitants, and has given so great uneasi-
ness to the people, that they have called on the minute men
and militia for assistance. There has been 15 minute men
stationed there since last Monday. It is suspected besides
men, they get from that quarter water, oysters and clams,
which are there in the greatest plenty. As the minute-
men are such persons who are a carrying on business in
the farming way, and cannot leave home without almost,
if not quite ruining themselves and families, I was ordered
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Ill
by a letter to lay the affair before the Congress, not doubt-
ing, if they thought proper they would report the same to
the Commander-in-Ciiief ; it was thought by the committee
that a small armed vessel, stationed at or near the inlet
(where the sounding is, as I am informed from 8 to 12
feet,) would answer the purpose best. People in these
parts are much alarmed, especially since we now know
that they have on board the men of war, those who are tho-
roughly acquainted with the navigation of the South bay.
Pray let us hear from you soon. This committee has col-
lected between 40 and 50 guns for the use of troops, which
are much better than I could expect, and will be soon re-
paired . The greatest sticklers for ministerial measures, step
towards Continental as fast as could be expected in this
quarter.
Gentlemen, I am, with the greatest respect.
Your very humble servt.
WM. SMITH.
To the Provincial Congress, now sitting in New- York.
[A letter from Col. Thomas, Westchester, informing that he wants a
grenadier company to his regiment.]
White Plains, May 27th, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Elijah Hunter informs me that he had en-
couragement from the Committee of Safety for a captain-
cy of a grenadier company in my regiment, provided he
could enlist a sufficient number, and had my approbation.
Mr. Hunter has shewn me a roll of 50 non-commissioned
officers and privates, who have entered themselves as gre-
nadiers ; and it is with pleasure I can recommend him as
a proper person for captain, and Richard Sackett for 1st.
lieut., Silas Miller for 2nd lieut. and Jeremiah Louns-
berry for ensign. Would therefore be much obliged to
the Honourable Congress (if they approve of the officers,
and of having a grenadier company in my regiment,) to
give orders for their commissions being speedily made out.
I am, your very hum. servt.
THOMAS THOMAS.
To the President of the Provincial Congress of the
Colony of New- York.
LLetter from Capt. Steenrod, inquiring whether his men are entitled to
pay prior to the date of his warrant.]
Whereas I did, on the ninth day of last month, enlist
a number of men upon condition that if I went into the
Continental service, that then they were to go with me;
some of which are now in my company, and others of
them have not yet joined the regiment, nor will not unless
they are assured of drawing pay from the ninth day, al-
though my warrant was dated on the 27th — provided they
are allowed pay from the 9th day, will immediately join
my company, otherwise not. Two of those same men
are now, and have been for some days past, under guard,
by reason of a claim Capt. Hobby makes, by their enlist-
ing conditionally under him — the truth of which should be
glad the Honourable Congress might know. Your peti-
tioner earnestly desires the above to be considered by you,
gentlemen, and the resolve to be transmitted to him as
soon as conveniently may be, who in duty bound, shall
ever for you pray.
CORNELIUS STEENROD, Capt.
New-York, May mh, 1776.
P. S. I have settled with all those who enlisted under
me on the said ninth day, excepting twenty ; and should
it be judged by you, gentlemen, agreeable to my petition,
shall immediately send for them.
As above,
C. SROD.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from Paul Michcau— informing his health will not permit him
to attend Congress as a Deputy for Richmond county.]
Richmond Cowity, May 25th, 1776.
Sir — I embrace the first opportunity of rendering my
reaons for not attending in Congress.
I have been in a bad state of health for some months ;
in fact, have been much indisposed since September last,
attended with fever and pain in my breast, which renders
me incapable of transacting any public business, having
for some time, been obliged to pay a cleik to do the busi-
ness of my office.
I hope our county is fully represented in Congres with-
out me, if not, expect you will make an order on our
committee to convene the people to appoint another in my
place ; making not the least doubt but the above reasons
will be a sufficient excuse for,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
PAUL MICHEAU.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr.
[Letter from Lieut. Jacob Lawrence— informing he marched in eight
days, through 4 different precincts, and has not been paid.]
New-York, May 27lh, 1776.
Whereas, these are to certify that Col. Palmer sent
marching orders to Capt. Uriah Drake, then captain of a
minute company ; and on the 25th of March last past, we
marched to Newburgh, in Ulster county, and about seven-
teen of our men not appearing, Capt. Drake gave me and
Ensign Dunn and Sergt. Lane, warrants from under his hand
and seal, to go and fetch those men down, they living in four
different precincts. It took us eight days from the first
day of our marching, before we arrived at the garrison at
Fort Montgomery. Our not having any thing allowed for
the above said eight days, the Honourable Congress will
please to take it into consideration, and act thereon as in
their wisdom shall appear to them to be just. And their
humble petitioner shall, as in duty bound, ever for them
pray.
JACOB LAWRENCE, Lieut.
To the Honourable the Provincial
Congress of New-York.
[A letter from Petrus Schoonmaker, stating that he is abused in his
rank.]
Rochester, Ulster County, May 25th, 1776.
Gentlemen — As your Honourable Board have been
pleased to appoint me captain in the first company of militia
of the township of Rochester, in said county, in the said
regiment, whereof Levi Pawling is colonel. And by a
resolve of your Honourable Board the commitee of the
county is appointed to arrange the companies of every regi-
ment in the county, and as the arrangement of the regiment
of Colo. Pawling was brought before the committee on
Monday the fourteenth day of May instant, and by their
arrangement they have made Jacob Hasbrouck first cap-
tain, Frederick Schoonmaker second captain, Andrew Be-
vier third captain and myself the fourth; wherein I find
myself and my subalterns and company wronged for the
following reasons :
First. Because if any preference should be allowed to
former commissions I should be at least second captain in
the regiment, and Frederick Schoonmaker the first. As
the said Capt. Schoonmaker was first lieutenant under
Capt. Andrew De Witt of Marbletown, who was then the
youngest captain in the regiment, and I was second lieu-
tenant under Capt. Jacob Hoornbecck, who was then the
oldest captain in the regiment, and no other subaltern offi-
cers are in the regiment promoted to captains.
Second. If no preference is allowed to former commis-
sions, then I liumbly conceive the rank of the captains
must either be allowed from the day of our several elec-
tions as captains, or from the time of qualifying, or from
the companies. From the date of the commissions it can
not, as the same are of equal date. And if from the time
of the several elections, then Jacob Hasbrouck will be first
captain in the said regiment, as being voted in the begin-
ning of June, 1775 ; and I second as being elected in the
latter end of the said montli of June, and Frederick Scoon-
makcr was elected in September, and Andrew Bevier in
112
CORRESPONDENCE OF
THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
the latter end of September or beginning of October, which
again brings me second captain.
Thirdly. If from the time of qualifying before the chair-
man of llie committee, then Frederick Schoonmaker is first,
1 second, Andrew Bevier third, Jocham Schoonmaker
fourth and Jacob Hasbrouck the fifth captain.
Fourth. If from ihc companies, then I have the com-
mand of the oldest company in tlie regiment, and one of the
first formed companies in the county ; and as Captain An-
drew Bevier never was an officer civil or military before
now, and his commission is for the second company of the
town of Rochester, and mine for the first of the said town
as aforesaid, and said Capt. Bevier being now placed in
the regiment before me, gives such an affront and uneasi-
ness amongst the men of my company that the greatest part
of them absolutely say they will not stand in a lower rank
in the regiment than Capt. Bevier's company, and such as
is due to them. Wherefore, gentlemen, I must appeal
from the arrangement of the county committee to your
Honourable Board, humbly praying that your Honourable
Board in your wisdom will be pleased to ascertain and
settle the rank of my company in the said regiment, ac-
cording to your own rules and discipline, and I shall rest
myself satisfied therein. For I humbly conceive the above
arrangement of the county committee is unjust, against
right and reason. And therefore I must coincide with my
company not to comply therewith; and although I count
it a great honour to myself to serve the Continent as one
of your officers, yet I am determined not to serve as an
officer under my proper rank. Wherefore, I do enclosed
send you my commission and do humbly pray that if your
Honourable Board in your wisdom do not alter the above
arrangement or to proceed thereon, that you will then
please to appoint another captain in my place, for I will
rather serve as a common soldier than an officer in a con-
fused and displeased company. So, gentlemen, I rely my-
self on your wisdom and will wait on your directions, and
beg leave to subscribe myself.
Your most obedient and most humble servant.
PETRUS SCHOONMAKER.
P. S. The above four reasons I am willing to prove at
any time by the two colonels. Pawling and Hoornbeeck
of the regiment.
Committee Chamber, New-York, ?
May 21th, 1776. \
Gentlemen — In consequence of information being laid
before this committee, of Margaret Beck, having fre-
quently sent provisions on the the ships of war, in viola
lion of a resolution of the Honble. the Committee of Safety
of this Colony, bearing date the eighteenth day of April
last, we proceeded to examine sundry evidences there
on, upon oath, and find by them and her own confession,
that she has three several times attempted to violate the
said resolution, and in two of which she has succeeded.
We have therefore sent her in safe custody to the city jail,
until your further pleasure shall be known concerning her.
We are, very respectfully, your very hum. servts.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. HARPER, Depy. Chairman.
To the Honble. the Cons;ress
of the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from General Washington, informing it will be necessary to
assign to the different regiments of militia in this city, proper posts.]
New-York, May 17, 1776.
Sir — As I have no doubt of the willingness of the mi-
litia of this city to join in its defence against the attempts
of the enemies of America, it is highly necessary, in order
to avoid confusion in the time of any alarm, that the posts
of the several regiments of militia be fixed on in conjunc-
tion with those of the Continental army, and that they be
allotted to the brigades most convenient to their several si-
tuations ; and as I am now arranging that part of the bu-
siness of the army, it will, I presume, be proper that di-
rections be given to the commanding officers of tiie seve-
ral corps to take the stations I shall assign, and to obey
the orders tliey may in time of danger receive from me or
the brigadier-generals of the Continental army. The
like measure will be equally necessary with regard to the
militia of Kings county and part of Queens county, on
Long island, and also the militia of Slaten island ; and I
am persuaded that the mention of a matter so obviously
necessary, will be sufficient to induce the Congress of this
Province to give such directions as are proper on this oc-
casion.
I have the honour to be,
With great respect, sir,
Your most obedt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Honourable the President of the
Congress of the Colony of New- York.
Albany Committee Chamber, )
2d March, 1776. ^
Resolved, That Thomas Williams, Junr. be recom-
mended to the Provincial Congress, for quarter-master in
the regiment to be raised in the counties of Albany, Tryon
and Charlotte, and he is hereby recommended accord-
ingly.
A true copy from the minutes.
MAT. VISSCHER, Secy.
[Letter from Lieut. Colo. Van Cortlandt, enclosing a recommendation
of a quarter-master to Wynkoop's regiment.]
Albany, May 15, 1776.
Sir — Herewith I send you a copy of a resolve of the
Albany committee, recommending Mr. Thomas Williams,
quarter-master in the regiment raised in the counties of
Albany, Tryon and Charlotte, and beg the Congress will
please to appoint him.
I should have sent the dates of the officers' warrants,
but as only part of the regiment is with me, can not at
present furnish you with them.
I shall be much obliged if the Congress will please to
appoint some active person adjutant of our regiment, as I
have no assistant, the major being in Canada.
Am sir, with great respect.
Your obt. and very humb. servt.
PHILIP VAN CORTLANDT,
Lt. Colo.
[A letter from Charles Friend, informing that he knows who counter-
feits paper money.]
Gentn. — I have well grounded reasons to believe the
Continental money is now counterfeited upon this island,
and, upon further examination, am firmly persuaded you
will be in the same opinion. I have opened the case to
Jacob Sharp, Esqr. and that gentleman will give you fur-
ther information.
I am, gentlemen,
Your obedt. servt.
CHARLES FRIEND.
Ferry, 10th May, 1776.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress,
New-York.
Sir — I wrote a few lines to Mr. Livingston, on Satur-
day last, relative to my situation, but his departure for
Philadelphia prevented (as I suppose) an answer. I
therein requested that some persons, who I named, might
be sent for before the committee, who would have entirely
cleared up my character against the cruel aspersions that
have been cast on it. I think you will not deny me some
kind of certificate relative to this horrid plot, in order to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
113
take off that resentment which the citizens harbour against
me, on a supposition of my being concerned. I should
not deny this, Mr. Morris, to the greatest enemy I ever
had, and I am not conscious of ever having injured any
man ; notwithstanding which, there are numbers who
would now willingly take my life. If it was not that a
wife and ten small children depend on my hands for their
support, it would be of little consequence what became of
this earthly tabernacle of mine.
I shall commit this matter to your candour and huma-
nity, and doubt not but that you will take such steps
therein as you think, in justice ought to be done, to clear
up my character from such infamous reports as have been
propagated against me.
1 am, with esteem, your very humble servt.
D. MATTHEWS.
New Jail, 2d July, 1776.
To GouvR. Morris, Esqr.
[The answer of the jailer of Queens county, when the body of Thomas
Wooley was demanded of him.]
Mr. Hope Mills examined and saith, the reasons why
he did not confine Thos. "Wooley were, that he doubted
the captain's authority to give him such orders, and that
the sheriff disapproved of it.
In the presence of me,
Jacob Wright.
Jamaica, May 8, 1776.
[Capt. Sands' demand of the body of Thomas Wooley of the jailer of
Queens county.]
Sir — You are hereby desired to deliver into the hands of
my Lieutenant Cornell and Sergeant Hutchings the body
of Thomas Wooley, delivered into your custody, agreea-
ble to my warrant to you directed, Saturday night last.
Given under my hand this 6th of May, 1776, in the
district of Cow Neck, Great Neck, &;c.
JOHN SANDS, Capt.
To Mr. Hope Mills, Jailer of Queens county.
[A letter from Abijah Perkins, desiring to be surgeon of Colonel
Ritzema's regiment.]
New-York, 13tk May, 1776.
Gentlemen — Permit me to say I am informed there is
no surgeon appointed in Col. Ritzema's regiment, and am
directed by said colonel to apply to this Honourable House,
being confident that merit and ability is the only motive in
your choice, am emboldened to offer myself as a candidate
for that service, and cheerfully submit to the examination
of such gentlemen of the faculty as your Honours appoint,
and have not the least doubt, but you will do me the ut-
most justice accordingly. I have not the happiness to be
acquainted with but few members of your House, except
Colonel Palmer, who can satisfy your Honourable Body in
respect to my cliaracter.
I have, gentlemen, the honour to be
Your most obedient and very hum. servant,
ABIJAH PERKINS.
Honble. the Provincial Congress, New- York.
Richmond county. May li, 1776.
Gentlemen — Mr. John Garrison having declined the
ensign's commission, by reason of which that place is be-
come vacant, the bearer, John Decker, has applied to the
committee for a recommendation, and is by them thought
a proper person for that oflice. You will therefore please
to recommend him to the Congress, and if approved of, gel
a commission made out for him to serve as ensign in the
company to be raised between this county, and Kings coun-
ty, &c.
From gentlemen,
Your most obedient and most humble servt.
By order of the committee.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON.
To Messrs. Richd. Connkb, John Journey, Esqr.
[Vol. II.] 29
Kingston, May 14, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas, a resolve of Congress bearing
date the 3d of April last past, ordering the discharge of
Azor Botts and John Blackner, out of our jail, provided they
would comply with the directions mentioned in the said
resolve. The resolve was delivered to the committee of
Kingston, by the hands of Blackner's wife. The commit-
tee after reading the resolve concluded to discharge the pri-
soners mentioned in said resolve ; although the committee
had no particular orders so to do, but did discharge them
on this express condition : That the prisoners should go
down to New-York, and appear before the Commillee of
Safety or the Provincial Congress, and acquaint either of
the Houses aforementioned, in what manner, and how
they were discharged. The committee also promised the
prisoners that the committee would write a letter to the
Committee of Safety or Provincial Congress, on what con-
dition the committee had discharged the prisoners, on
which condition the prisoners promised to go down to
New-York, and appear before the Congress ; but Mr.
Blackner, instead of complying with his promise made to
the committee of Kingston, has endeavoured, by various
pretences, to elude his promise, and trifle with the commit-
tee, to serve his own sinister views ; and in order to give a
plausible pretence for his staying here, the committee have
information that Blackner has wrote a letter to the Provin-
cial Congress, that the committee detained him here, and
would not let him have his liberty. The committee highly
affronted, that the committee should be charged to detain
him, when the committee out of mere compassion did re-
lease him on the condition above mentioned ; and he, as a
base fellow, deceived us, and charges the committee with
a notorious falsehood ; therefore the committee now have
ordered him to go down and appear before the Congress, to
make him comply with his promise to the committee, and
the order of the committee ; and if the Congress thinks
that he deserves more compliments, they shall rest the
mattet with the Congress,
And remain your humble servts.
By order of the committee.
WILLM. ELSWORTH, Chairman.
[A letter from Johan. Hardenbergh, Chairman of Ulster Committee,
stating the progress of the companies raising for Continental ser-
vice.]
Rosendall, Ulster county, Jlpril 15th, 1776.
Gentm. — Your letter, dated the first of April instant,
I received the 13lh, and did immediately make inquiry
what progress the recruiting officers had made in raising
their men, and on inquiry I was informed by some of the
officers that two of the companies raised in Ulster county
were completed and ordered to the fortifications in the
Highlands. The other company to be raised by Capt.
Cornelius Hardenbergh, I was also informed had their
complement of men, but as he was gone to New- York at
the time I received your letter, I expect he will receive his
orders there ; but will also, on his return, give him notice
of General Putnam's demand. I also gave notice to Mr.
Wynkoop, one of our Delegates, of the necessity of some
of our Delegates to attend at New-York, when he told me
he was preparing to go to New-York with the first opportu-
nity that should offer.
Gentlemen, whereas several of our militia men are with-
out arms or ammunition, and we not knowing how soon
their assistance may be required, I therefore think it rea-
sonable that those who have agreed with the Congress last
year to make arms for the use of the Colony, should de-
liver them as soon as possible, that those that are in want
of arms may be supplied.
I remain, gentlemen, with esteem,
Your humble servant,
JOHANNES HARDENBERGH,
Chairman of the County Committee.
To the Committee of Safety for the Colony
of New- York, at the city of New-York.
114
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from Jonathan Sturges to Gen. Washington containing a list
of lories wlio have moved from the main land to Long island.]
Fairfield, 14lli May, 1776.
Sir — A letter has lately been received from Capt. Har-
ding, commander of the brig Defence, one of our Colony
armed vessels, that he iiath taken a small sloop hi the
Sound, with ten tories on board, who, on examination, con-
fessed they were bound to Long island, in order to join the
Ministerial troops. They are in custody and expected in
town soon. At the lime they were taken, some of the
party gave the captain information that there were a large
number at Redding, a town adjoining this, who were in the
combination. Upon the receipt of Capt. Harding's letter,
a party was despatched immediately to Redding, who have
brought in ten of the persons named, as being in the plot,
and more are expected from other places. The circum-
stances attending this affair arc not yet fully known, as
those who have already been brought in have not had an
examination ; but we think we know enough to convince
us that a horrid plot is laid by the tories to destroy the
people of the country, to cooperate with our enemies in
every measure to reduce us, and that Long island is ap-
pointed for head-quarters. We have thought it our duty
to give this information, and beg leave to propose to your
Excellency whether a body of the army under your com-
mand, sent on to the island, to spread over the whole and
break up the gang, would not be of public service. IShould
your Excellency think proper to adopt this or alike measure,
our people would readily join to assist ; and upon notice of
the time when, and the place where they should land on
the island, to prevent their escape eastward, would land
one hundred or more men, and also place guards on our
shore at different places. We are alarmed and engage to
do every thing necessary, but submit the whole to your
wise conduct.
And are, with great truth and regard.
Your Excellency's most humble servant,
JONTH. STURGES.
Signed by the desire and in behalf of a number of the
committee of inspection and other gentlemen.
To His Excellency George Washington,
in New- York.
List of Tories gone from the
ed to be at
Joseph Bates of Redding.
Abel Seely, do
Aaron Lyon, do
John Cardwell, Fairfield.
Lewis Bennet, do
Ezekiel Lyon, Redding.
Daniel Lyon 3rd, Fairfield.
main to Long island, suppos-
Hempsted.
Ezekiel Jennings, Fairfield.
Jonathan Knap, Redding.
Prince Hawse, do
Peter Fairchild, do proposed
for captain.
Stephen Lace y.do
Thos. Turney, Junr. Fairfield.
J. STURGES.
[Letter from Colo. Ritzema, stating that as Doctr. Woodruff is provid-
ed for in Canada, he wishes to have Doctor Ledger appointed to his
regiment]
Saturday, Ihe l~th May, 1776.
Sir — The late Committee of Safety for this Colony de-
ferred the appointment of a surgeon to my regiment till
such time as it should be known whether Doctor Woodruff,
who was a surgeon to the garrison of St. Johns, was pro-
vided for in Canada or not. This gentleman, I am inform-
ed, is now appointed senior surgeon to the general hospital
in Canada, and of course is provided for. As the regiment
stands much in need of a surgeon, and Dr. Ledger, mate of
Col. McDougall's, stands well recommended by Dr. Bard
as a proper person for a surgeon to a regiment, I shall be
glad the Congress would be pleased to take this into their
consideration, and if Dr. Ledger shall be found properly
qualified, that he be appointed surgeon to the third regi-
ment.
Gentlemen, I want arms ; I have no more than one hun-
dred and ten muskets in the regiment ; how fatal this is to
the discipline of the corps and of what disservice to the
country you are too well convinced of to need my enforc-
ing it. For God's sake exert yourselves in arming my re-
giment. I have a fine body of men, and have vanity enough
to think if 1 had arms, in a few weeks to be able to vie
with any regiment in the Continental service.
You will pardon me in mentioning another matter. Three
or four of my captains have not as yet received the billet-
ing and subsistence money for their companies ; the sub-
committee appointed for the settling this matter, from the
want of money, could not affect it. This causes some un-
easiness, and 1 think merits attention. The regularly pay-
ing of a corps contributes as much as any thing to the
regularity of it.
I am, gentlemen, with respect,
Your very humble servt.
RUDULPHUS RITZEMA.
To the President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from the chairman of the New-York committee, inquiring how
or in what manner the houses are to be cleaned.]
Committee Chamber, loth May, 1776.
Gentlemen — Agreeably to your order of the lllh inst.
we have taken into consideration His Excellency General
Washington's letter to your Honourable House, and have
in consequence thereof sent a sub-committee to examine
the state of the houses occupied by the troops in one ward,
and shall continue so to do until all the houses are inspect-
ed ; when that is done, should be glad to know by what
means those houses are to be cleaned, and how the ex-
pense is to be defrayed.
The sub-committees will inform your House what con-
dition they find the houses in, which will enable you to
give direction and advice in what manner the said houses
are to be repaired and cleaned. We would just suggest
that we think the barrack-master would be a proper person
to be appointed to superintend the business of cleaning and
repairs. As it is impossible for this committee, as there
is much business before them and so few of their number
in town, to give their attendance respecting cleaning and
repairs. All which is submitted to the wisdom of your
Honourable House.
By order of the general committee.
GARRET ABEEL, Depy. Chairman.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler, excusing Judge Duer, having been obliged
to detain him for the good of the service.]
Saratoga, May 13th, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Duer informs me that he has presented a pe-
tition in behalf of a considerable number of freeholders and
freemen in the county of Charlotte to your Honourable
House, in which he engaged himself to support the facts
therein alleged, before the Convention, on or about the
fourteenth of this present month. As I find it necessary
to the public service to engage Mr. Duer's assistance in
executing an important commission, I have to request
the favour that your House will not proceed to determine
with respect to the election lately held in Charlotte county
until Mr. Duer's arrival in New-York, which will be as
soon as the matter is completed in which he is at present
embarked. I have no doubt but you will then be of opinion
that his stay was not only justifiable but highly expedient.
I am, sir and gentlemen, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To the Honourable the President and Members of the
Provincial Convention at New- York.
P. S. Mr. Duer begs Mr. Vanbueren will deliver this
into the hands of J. M. Scott, Esqr. in case of Mr. Scott's
absence, to Jacob Cuyler, Esqr.
[Letter from Christopher Smith, praying to be exempted from the
resolve ordering all the inhabitants to repair to New- York. J
Long-Island, Jamaica, May 14, 1776.
Mr. Robt. Benson :
Sir — Observing in yesterday's newspaper a resolve from
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
115
the Congress, ordering every person who has withdrawn
himself from the city since the first June last, to return
without delay ; as I do not know, (though I have not been
without having some of my family here for this two years
past,) whether I may not be included among those who
have withdrawn. At the same time I would inform you,
that, through the infirmity of my body, I have been excused
doing any duty in the city for this eighteen years past. I
would request, if I am not included among those who
have withdrawn, that the Congress will be pleased to
grant me a certificate that J may shew it to the committee
of this town, that I am excluded from said resolve ; but, if
I am not, I will return to the city when desired, which I
am to beg you will be pleased to return me an answer.
I am, with respect, sir.
Your most obedt. servt.
CHRISTR. SMITH.
[Doctors Jones' and Bard's certificate, that George Graham is com-
pletely qualified as surgeon's mate.]
This is to certify, that the subscribers have attentively
examined Mr. George Graham, respecting his knowledge
in physic and surgery, and that we find him competently
qualified to act as a surgeon's mate.
Dated in New-York, the 10th day of April, 1776.
JOHN JONES, M. D.
SAML. BARD, M. D.
[A letter from Isaac Gedney, delivered by his friend, Colo. Bull.]
Hliite Plains' Jail, 20th Apl. 1776.
Gentlemen — I am to acknowledge your kindness in
removing me from New-York jail to this place, but am
still unhappy in being detained from my family, who, at
this season, want my assistance very much. It is not only
the aid I might give in keeping my interest together, (all
of which has been earned by the sweat of my brow,) but
adding happiness to my family, and saving a large family
of children from running into many vices. You, gentle-
men, who have families, know the difficulty of keeping
youth within bounds when with them, much less can it be
done by a mother. I have been in confinement near three
months ; there surely ought to be some period, some end
to a man's sufferings. If you, gentlemen, think that gi-
ving you good bail for my appearance as well as for my
peaceable behaviour, will answer the intention of the law,
I can, and shall with pleasure give it, in any sum which
may be asked. But to lie here, confined in a jail, and
know my interest is daily sinking, without one single ad-
vantage to the public that I can conceive, renders me
much more unhappy than the bare sufferings of being con-
fined. If you, gentlemen, can with propriety, give me
enlargement, you will reheve a distressed family, of wife
and seven children, and lay under obhgations.
Your unhappy very humble servt.
ISAAC GEDNEY.
To the Chairman of the Honble. Provincial
Congress, New- York.
New-York, July 7th, 1776.
John Lewis, a resident in the city of New- York, confin-
ed in the City Hall for his drinking healths to King George
and success to his fleet, and manifesting his intention to
join the said fleet or the army of the enemy, against the
Continental army. By
JOS. SPENCER, B. Genl.
[Col. Parke's letter, replying to Jacob Tyler.]
N. York Camp, July 4, 1776.
Gent. — I did not receive your notification till this morn-
ing, after the time appointed. I send you lierewilh, the
names of the neighbours who are acquainted with Mr.
Tyler's character, and can best inform you of his past
conduct ; nor would he been noticed now, had not he
came into Colo. Wylly's encampment and began to display
the inveteracy of his heart among the soldiery, at the same
time, treating the oflicers with the greatest insolence. I
hope he will be able to wipe this infamous stigma from his
character ; but if not, I know your attachment to your
country will suggest a proper mode of treatment for him.
The persons ready to give evidence against him, are,
Paul Green and wife, Pelatiah Haws, Heath Peck, Mrs.
Susan Halloway, Capt. John Warner, Sergt. Isaac Pi-
per and wife, Mrs. Sarah Wood and Capt. Ives, besides
other witnesses, which may be procured on occasion.
These persons live in the neighbourhood, and may be had
by a summons for that purpose.
I am, gent, your obedt. servt.
JOHN PARKE.
Committee of Safety, New-York.
P. iS. Mr. Tyler belongs to Capt. Warner's company.
John Lowe, and his brothers, are further evidences.
New Jail, July 1st, 1776
Messrs. Brazier, Broome and Bancker :
Gentn. — I am informed you are appointed to act
during the recess of the Congress, respecting the priso-
ners confined in jail. I take the liberty to beg your assist-
ance in relieving me, as far as possible, from my situa-
tion, truly necessary on account of my ill state of health,
which I dare say you can be made fully sensible of, if
you will do me the favour to visit me. I am conscious no
particular charge is or can be brought against me ; and I
am willing to comply with any restrictions you shall deem
necessary ; I am so much unwell, that I look upon the
continuance of my confinement, the absolute destruction
of my life, which I think your humanity would by no
means suffer if in your power to prevent. I must just
mention one circumstance, that so sure I was of being
immediately released, that I came from the country with-
out a second shirt or strip of any one thing, which I would
wish to have in my power to obtain, as you must be sen-
sible how necessary cleanhness is to health, especially to
an invalid. As soon as I can be indulged with your fa-
vour, the greater obligation will be conferred on, gentle-
men,
Your most obedt. and very humble servant,
JAMES COGGESHALL.
Philadelphia, April 7, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Congress having been informed of a
very extraordinary oath, ordered by Gov. Tryon to be ad-
ministered to passengers in the late packet, whereby they
bound themselves not to disclose any thing relative to Ame-
rican affairs except to the Ministry have appointed a com-
mittee, (of which I am one,) to ascertain this fact.
I must therefore request of you, gentlemen, to appoint
proper persons to examine into this matter, and if possible
ascertani the truth of the report, by affidavits taken before
the mayor or one of the judges of the supreme court.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN JAY.
To the Honble. the Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New-York.
Queens Village, 2bth April, 1776,
Sir — I should be much obliged if you would inform me
by the bearer of this, Mr. James Long, if you have been
able to do any thing respecting the affairs contained in a
letter I wrote Mr. Hobart, and which he informed nie he
forwarded you. The season for spring business being far
116
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
advanced, I make no doubt will apologize for nay troubling
you with this request.
I am, your most obcdt. hble. servt.
JOHN LLOYD, Senr.
Thomas Thedwell, Esq.
[A letter from the Committee of Kings District to Gen. Washington 1
In Committee. >
Kings District, I3th May, 1776. J
HoNBLE. Sir — By the enclosed you will discover the
glimmering of such a plot as has seldom appeared in the
world since the fall of Adam, by the grand deceiver and
supplanter of truth.
The surprising progress and lengthy strides that this
spirit makes, according to the discoveries we have been
able to make, which is very lately, we take this earliest
and immediate opportunity to advertise you of, and pray
that you would immediately consider its importance, and
as you find, so act. The bearer we recommend to your
examination in the premises, but must beseech that the ut-
most secrecy and despatch be used to carry something into
execution for the fullest discovery and overthrow of this
most dark and dreadful overthrow of this once happy land.
To some members of this committee these things are made
known, but they enjoined the oath of secreting names,
which must suffice on that point ; but the information pray
examine and make what you can of it, and add what you
can to it, for believe it, the plan is as deep as hell. Many
other circumstances and things perfectly agree with these
informations, and we depend on it that the tories have a set
time (when, we can't find,) to rise against the country — 'tis
very near. This information we depend on to be true.
Sir, you will excuse our troubling you on this subject,
when the all of this country is so near ruin.
We are, sir, your very humble servts.
MAT. ADGATE, Chairman of the
Committee, Kings District.
His Excellency Gen. Washington, Commander in Chief
of the forces belonging to the United Colonies.
Jamaica, July 2, 1776.
My dear friend — Enclosed is a letter that Captain
Hamilton gave me to deliver to Gouverneur Morris ; but I,
having a great hurry of business, when in York yesterday,
I could not get it all accomplished, therefore I beg you
will deliver it to Mr. Morris, and get the contents of it com-
plied with, and have it sent to Captain Hamilton or enclo-
sed to me, which will not only oblige Captain Hamilton,
but likewise,
Sir, your most humble servt.
RICHD. DEANE.
Flatbush, Monday, 7th July, 1776.
Gentlemen — I would have waited upon you this day,
pursuant to your citation received on Friday last, but the
distressed state of Mrs. Bache and my numerous family
since the arrival of the fleet at Sandy-Hook, will, I hope,
be a sufficient apology for my remaining with them, as
they will require all my attention to save them from the
horrible calamities of the approaching conflict.
My being represented to the Congress as one of the per-
sons inimical to the cause and rights of America, fills me
with the deepest concern ; be assured, gentlemen, that the
accusation is unmerited, and must have proceeded from
those who are unacquainted with my sentiments. I have
not since the unhappy dispute began, contravened any order
of the Congress, Continental or Provincial, nor is it my
intention. I sincerely hope for a reconciliation — that this
once happy country may enjoy the blessings of peace ; and
am.
Gentlemen, your most obedt. hble. servt.
THEOPHYLACT BACHE.
To Philip Livingston, Esqr.
and the gentlemen of the Congress.
[Letter from Christr. Tappen and Joseph Gasherie, inquiring how
they shall dispose ol the money paid into the loan office ]
Kingston, Ulster county, Jlpril 22, 177C.
Sir — Notwithstandmg the resolve passed in the Provin-
cial Congress on the 9lh March, 1776, prolonging the pay-
ment of one-tenth part of the principal sum due to the loan
oflTicers of this Colony, many persons having money on
loan in this county do choose to pay the said sum, which
we do not think safe to refuse ; and being at a loss how to
dispose of the moneys so paid in, conceiving that we are
not warranted by the said resolve to put those moneys out
on interest : but if this is intended by the resolve, we beg
leave to inform the Honourable Board that we have already
more of the whole principal sum paid in, than what we
think we shall be able to let out. Should be glad, and re
quest their directions about the disposition of the same.
We are, sir, your most humble servts.
CHRISTR. TAPPEN,
JOSEPH GASHERIE.
Fort Montgomery, 31j/ jlpril, 1776.
Gentlemen — This morning my lieutenant arrived from
New- York, by which I am informed that I am in Colo.
Clinton's regiment, with wliich I am well satisfied. But
by a list of arrangement in his regiment, it appears I am
the 5th captain in rank, and Capt. William Jackson, the
4th, therefore in rank before me. You may remember
gentlemen, that I waited on you immediately on filling up
my company, which was the 9th of March. Captain Jack-
son had not then waited on you, neither was his company
filled at that time. My company by the 10th of March
was in actual service. You will please to remember at the
same time, that I mentioned that in particular, and then
insisted that no one ought to rank before me that had not
filled their company and made report to you before that
date, except the companies of last year ; upon which I
had the promise of your Honourable House, that no one
should, and that you were determined to make that a rule.
I humbly conceive that this your hurry of business, it has
happened by mistake. I therefore beg and insist that it
may be altered, and I be placed in my proper rank, which
I make not the least doubt at present, will be done. But
should that not be the case, I can not accept a commission
in rank behind Capt. Jackson ; but notwithstanding, will
serve my country in the rank I now stand placed by virtue
of my warrant.
1 am, gentlemen, with due respect,
Your most humble sen'ant.
JOHN BELKNAP, Captain.
Philipsborough, 2d July, 1776.
Gentlemen — I was served on Saturday evening last
with a paper signed by you, in which you suggest that you
are authorized by the Congress to summon certain persons
to appear before you whose conduct had been represented
as inimical to the rights of America, of which number,
vou say I am one. Who it is that has made such a repre-
sentation, or upon what particular facts it is founded, (as
you have not stated them) it is impossible for me to ima-
gine. But considering my situation, and the near and inti-
mate ties and connections which I have in this country,
which can be secured and rendered happy to me only by
the real and permanent prosperity of America, I should
have hoped that suspicions of this harsh nature would not
be easily harboured. However, as they have been thought
of weight sufficient to attract the notice of the Congress,
I can only observe, that conscious of the uprightness of
my intentions and the integrity of my conduct, I would
most readily comply with your summons, but the situation
of my health is such, as would render it very unadvisable
for me to take a journey to New- York at this time. I have
had the misfortune, gentlemen, of being deprived totally
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
117
of ihe siglit of my left eye, and the other is so much affect-
ed and inflamed as to make mc very cautious how I expose
it, for fear of a total loss of sight. This being my real
situation, I must request the favour of you to excuse my
attendance to-morrow ; but you may rest assured gentle-
men, that I shall punctually attend, as soon as I can con-
sistent with my health, flattering myself in the meantime,
that upon further consideration, you will think that my being
a friend to the rights and interests of my native country is
a fact so strongly implied, as to require no evidence on my
part to prove it, until something more substantial than mere
suspicion or vague surmises are proved to the contrary.
I am, gentlemen, your most obedt. hum. servt.
FRED. PHILIPS.
To Leonard Gansevoort, Philip Livings-
ton, Thomas Treadwell, Lewis Gra-
HASij GouvR- Morris, Thos Randall,
Esqrs.
[A letter from John Lloyd, Junr. to John S. Hobart, Esqr. inquiring
wheUier he may sell his uncle's stock.]
Queens Village, 8 Jpril, 1776.
Sir — As the afTairs of my uncle, Henry Lloyd, Esqr.
respecting his estate here, have come to my care, his par-
ticular situation renders it necessary that something should
be done that his interest may not go to destruction, which
I should be glad to prevent by affording all the assistance
in my power, provided I can do it with safety to myself.
My uncle, you know, sir, is under the censure of the pub-
lic, and so far considered an unfriendly man to his country,
as I think renders it unsafe for any one to transact business
for him without the permission of the higher powers. In
this matter, I take the liberty of asking your advice re-
specting the propriety of applying to the Provincial Con-
gress for consent in this affair. At the same time I should
be obliged for your opinion how far I may engage in these
matters, until I can obtain fall power to act. Our situa-
tion is as much exposed to the enemy as any in the Sound,
and I think this circumstance alone will be an argument
that something should be done with his interests, especial-
ly his stock, which I propose selling, if leave can be obtain-
ed. If my ideas of this matter should agree with yours, I
should be nuich obliged if you would write to Mr. Tread-
well, who I suppose, is now at Congress, and request the
favour of him to lay the matter before the House as soon
as he thinks proper. I should be glad it might be soon.
I am, sir, your very humble servant,
JOHN LLOYD, Junr.
John Sloss Hobart, Esqr.
Kingston, 2ith Jpril, 177G.
As a surgeon and mate is allowed to every regiment in
the United service, I have been applied to by Mr. George
Graham, from Walkill, to act in the capacity of surgeon's
mate, for my regiment, a young man who I am told is ca-
pable for that purpose ; and as appears by the within certi-
ficate of two reputable persons, as also accounted very
skillful. If any thing should be wanting from my recom-
mendation please to apply to Mr. Jones, who I believe at
present is in New-York, who can give you a satisfactory
account thereof; and if your Honourable board will com-
mission him as surgeon's mate, I could wish it was done
by the first opportunity, as he would make tiie necessary
preparations. Should you commission him, please to send
it to him, directed to "Walkill, as (juick as possible. If it
is in your power to let me know wliere my destination
should be, I should take it as a favour to acquaint me there-
of, and what time.
I am your friend to serve,
CORNELIUS D. WYNKOOP.
To DiKK Wynkoop, Esqr. member of the
Provincial Congress.
[Vol. II.] 30
Head-Quarters, New-York, May 30, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have frequently heard of, and often ob-
served large companies of gentlemen and ladies visiting
the tories confined in jail, by your order, by which means
they have an opportunity of knowing every thing that
passes amongst us. Query, whether or not, prudence does
not dictate to us to prevent such intercourse.
The bad women confined in jail are constantly visited by
men of as bad characters. Complaints of this kind com-
ing to me, I think it my duty to lay them before you. If
at any time you want any guards, I shall be happy to fur-
nish them.
I now send a man suspected of trying to get on board
the men of war.
I am, gentlemen, with esteem.
Your most hum. servt.
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
Provincial Congress.
[The examination of James Monger, a money maker, taken before
Wm. Eisworth.]
The examination of James Monger, taken before the com-
mittee of safety and observation of the town of King-
ston, in Ulster count}^ the thirtieth day of May, 1776,
touching counterfeit money of the Continental emission,
and of the Connecticut emission.
The examinant, James Monger, saith. That in January
last, he had a law suit with the widow Rachael Seryn, and
being involved into difficulties occasioned by that lawsuit,
not knowing how to extricate himself thereof, began to
consider about it, concluded and determined to counterfeit
money, and was possessed of one two dollar bill of the
Continental emission, and made a ten dollar bill of it, and
passed it awa}'- to Mr. Philip Van Cortlandt, some time in
January last ; and also counterfeited a bill of one of the
Connecticut emission, and passed the same to Samuel Pe-
ters, Esqr. some time in February last ; and also counter-
feited another bill of Connecticut emission to John Teller,
in April last ; and also another bill, which he passed to
Caleb Frost, of forty shillings, he counterfeited some
time in April last, which several acts of passing the money
counterfeited by me, encouraged and animated me to con-
tinue the business, and for that purpose procured several
bills of the Continental emission, of the smallest deno-
mination, to carry on the trade or business of counterfeit-
ing, and also of the Connecticut emission, for the same
purpose ; and in April last, counterfeited several bills of
small denomination, and offered my brother Lemuel Mun-
ger, to pay his debts with the counterfeit money to Jacob
Degremore, for which purpose I agreed with my brother
to go over tiie North river, in Ulster county, to discharge
a debt, which my brother owed to Jacob Degremore, and
accordingly went and paid Jacob Degremore three thirty
dollar bills, all counlcrfeiled by me, and got my brother's
note, and returned home by the way of Warwick ; and
when I came home, I went to my brother and gave hun
three counterfeit bills, to wit, one of twenty dollars, one
of ten dollars, and one of forty shillings, Connecticut, in
order to discharge a debt my brother Lemuel Monger,
owed to James King, of fifteen pounds, which was in
lawyer John (Jiles's hands, at Poughkeepsie ; and my
brother some time after he had received the last above
mentioned hills from mc, he went to Poughkeepsie, to John
Giles, the lawyer, and offered to pass the counterfeit bills
he had from me, to Mr. John Giles, which Mr. Giles re-
fused to take, and returned home again, and redelivered
the counterfeit bills again to me ; and farther saith not.
JAMES MONGER.
A true copy of the original.
WiLLM. Elsworth,
Chairman.
118
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, (kc.
[The examination of Lemuel Monger, a money maker, taken before
Wm. Elswortli.]
Whereas Lemuel Monger, of i'federicksburgh precinct,
in Dulclicss county, being apprehended by virtue of
precept of the coriiinitlee of llumbouls precinct, direct-
ed to Lieut. Henry Wyckoff, bearing dale the eleventh
day of May, 1776, and brought before the connmitlee of
safety and observation of the town of Kingston, on
Monday, the thirteenth day of May, 1776, by their or-
der, and received by this comnnillec of Kingston, and
proceeded to examine said Monger touching and con-
cerning the counterfeiting bills of credit of the Continen-
tal emission.
Lemuel Monger saith. That about the first day of April
last, said Lemuel Monger received forty shillings, lawful,
of the Connecticut bills of credit, from his brother, James
Monger, in order to change it at Caleb Frost's for one six
shilling, lawful, of the Connecticut emission, and other
bills, of the Continental emission, of small denomination,
each one dollar, but does not know that there was any of
a greater denomination, and understood by broad hints of
his brother, James Monger, gave him, the said Lemuel
Monger knew that he, the said James Monger, wanted the
small bills of different emissions in order to counterfeit
them ; soon after, the said James Monger came to the
house of the examinant and told the examinant he would
go over the North river, in Ulster county, to one Jacob
Degremore's, to discharge one forty pound note, which the
said Lemuel Monger, the examinant, owed the said Degre-
morc, and also one other note of fifteen pounds which the
examinant owed to one James King ; for which James
Monger was to have one-half of the examinant's farm to
pay off the above mentioned note of forty pounds. And
the examinant farther saith, that he, the examinant knew
that the money his brother James Monger paid to Jacob
Degremore was counterfeit money, except four pounds ;
and after James Munger returned from Degremore's, told
the examinant that he had paid said Degremore three bills
of the Continental emission — three bills of thirty dollars
each, being counterfeit, and returned three bills to the ex-
aminant, to wit, one twenty dollar bill, one ten dollar bill
of the Province emission, and one forty shilling bill of
Connecticut emission, all three counterfeit. The said
James Monger told the examinant that there was no dan-
ger in passing the above mentioned bills, because there
was not mentioned on the bills that it was death to coun-
terfeit the bills of the Continental emission. Some time
after the examinant had received the bills of James Mun-
ger, he, the examinant, went to Poughkeepsie and offered
the counterfeit bills to John Giles to discharge a note of
fifteen pounds, which the examinant owed to James King ;
John Giles refused to receive the money of the examinant,
and told the examinant that the bills were counterfeit ; the
examinant took said counterfeit bills and returned them
again unto his brother James Monger, and farther saith
not.
LEMUEL MONGER.
A true copy of the original.
WiLLM. Elsworth, Chairman.
[A letter from the Committee of Kingston, informing that they have
seized money makers and have them in jail, and asking what they
shall do with them.]
Kingston, May 22, 1776.
Gentlemen — As per enclosed, the committee sends
you two copies of the examinations of James and Lemuel
Monger, concerning the counterfeiting and passing bills of
credit of the Continental emission. Provincial Congress
emission, and Connecticut emission. In the examinations
is a full confession of what they have made and done.
The originals we have thought proper to keep until further
order respecting the matter from the Continental Congress
or the Provincial Congress. If the gentlemen think proper,
please to report the same to the Continental Congress, that
the committee of Kingston may know what to do therein.
And in the meantime, should be glad to receive the advice
of the Provincial Congress what to do. Mr. Godfrey
Hains, who was sent here, has made his escape last week
from us ; he happened to fall sick while in jail, and made
application to us for leave to come out of close confine-
ment, and to have the liberty of the house until he got
better, and before we imagined that he would attempt it,
he made his escape.
By order of the committee.
WILLM. ELSWORTH, Chairman.
To the President of the Honourable the
Provincial Congress, in the recess, to the
Chairman of the Committee of Safely in
the city of New-York.
[Letter from Fort Montgomery, recommending Capt. Uriah Drake as
fit for a Continental officer.]
Fort Montgomery, May 22ud, 1776.
Gentlemen — The bearer hereof, Capt. Uriah Drake,
having signified to us, the subscribers, that in case it
might be the resolution of the Continental or Provincial
Congress to raise anv more forces in this Province, for
the standing army, this season, that he was desirous of
obtaining a warrant for the purpose of raising a company ;
we, therefore, hereby certify that we have been acquainted
with him near two months at this post, and have taken no-
tice of his conduct with respect to the discipline and man-
ners of the little company of minute men he has com-
manded here, and think him a worthy, good officer, very
deserving of a warrant for raising a company if necessary.
We are genllemen, with due respect.
Your very humble servants,
THOS. PALMER,
JAS. ROSEKRANS, Capt.
ABRAHAM SWARTWOUT,
JOHN BELKNAP, Capt.
ELI PARSON.S, Lieut.
HENRY PAWLING, Lieut.
DAVID HUNTER, Ensign,
JOSEPH BALDING, Ensign.
P. S. We are also of opinion, that William Ervin for
first lieutenant, Joshua Myrick second lieutenant, and
James Ervin ensign, are very suitable and worthy men to
fill up the offices aforesaid, in case Capt. Drake should ob-
tain a warrant.
THOS. PALMER,
JAS. ROSENKRANS, Capt.
ABRAHAM SWARTWOUT, Capt.
JOHN BELKNAP, Capt.
ELI PARSONS, Lieut.
HENRY PAWLING, Lieut.
DAVID HUNTER Ensign,
JOSEPH BALDING, Ensign,
SIMEON TRYON, Lieut.
ZACHARIAS HASBROUCK, Lieut
THOMAS LEE, Lieut.
DANL. LAWRENCE. Lieut.
NEHEMIAH CARPENTER, Qr. Master.
Honourable Provincial Congress
Richmond, in Berkshire county. May 19, 1776.
Will it please your Excellency to consider that it is of
the last utmost importance to the cause that the militia be
furnished with ammunition, without loss of time.
Signed, by order of eleven committees in conjunction,
by
VALENTINE RATHBON, Chairman.
To His Excellency General Washington.
[A letter from Doctor John Hill, desiring to be surgeon of Col. Clin-
ton's regiment.]
Mbany, May 12th, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have had an inclination for a long time
past, to enter into the Continental service as surgeon, and
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
119
learn by Doctor Stringer of this place, that Colonel Clin-
ton's regiment is unsupplied vviili any gentlemen of that
profession ; on which account, in case I meet with the ap-
probation of you and your colleagues, I am immediately
willing to engage in that capacity. Doctor Stringer and
Doctor Young (who are the gentlemen appointed to exa-
mine doctors here who are about to enter into the service,)
do both highly approve of my abilities, and I flatter my-
self that Colonel Clinton will have no objections, as he has
known me long. I have, yesterday, wrote to him by Dr.
Stringer, and expect his answer soon. But if you, sir, and
the other gentlemen do not think it expedient that I should
serve under Mr. Clinton, I shall take it very kind if you
will try to provide for me in some other manner. I am
well known to several of your members, and in particular
to Mathew Rea, Esq. and Mr. Arthur Parks, from Ulster
county, by which gentlemen the Congress could be inform-
ed of my moral character, abilities in surgery, &c. I would
also inform the Congress, that I am possessed of a large
quantity of medicines of the best quality, also with all ne-
cessary instruments, and as I can confide in my own medi-
cines best I should choose to use them, in case a proper al-
lowance be made me on that account. I have taken lodg-
ings in Albany, and should be glad to have the attendance
of the troops quartered in town, until I could be better
provided for. Doctor Stringer, who has formerly had the
care of them, is about to leave town, and go to Quebec,
and I do not hear that any person is appointed in his place.
I should have wailed upon you in person, but find it would
be very detrimental to my business, and attended with ex-
pense. Your answer to my request I shall expect as soon
as possible.
And am, sir.
Your very humb. servt.
JNO. HILL.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
in New- York.
[General Putnam's letter, concerning an old house to be taken down.]
Neiv-York, May 24, 1776.
Sir — It has been represented to me by Col. Knox, com-
manding officer of the Continental artillery, that there is
an old house almost in ruins, so situated, that in case it
should take fire, it would greatly endanger the great la-
boratory at the New Bridewell in the common, where a
very large proportion of the fixed ammunition of the army
is now lodged, and that the danger is greatly increased by
the house being possessed by some paupers, who have fire
in the house frequently at night as well as by day. The
properly of the iiouse is of so little value, and of so little
use, that there can be no inducement to keep it at the ex-
pence of so great a risk. I must, therefore, hope the Con-
gress will take proper measures for its removal.
I am, your most humble servant,
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
To the President of the Congress, New- York.
New-York, May 2lst. 1776.
Gentlemen — Congress having been pleased to re-
quest my attendance at Philadelphia, to advise with them
on the situation of affairs, and being about to set out im-
mediately, I judged it necessary to give Maj. Gen. Put-
nam instructions similar to those I have the honour to in-
close you, for the regulation of his conduct, in case you
came to any determination respecting the lories here and
on Long island, and should have occasion for military as-
sistance to carry it into exccuiion.
I have the honour to be.
With great esteem, gent.
Your most obcdt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
[General Washington's instructions to General Putnam.]
May 21st, 1776.
Sir — I have reason to believe that the Provincial Con-
gress of this Colony have in contemplation, a scheme for
seizing the principal lories and disaffected persons on Long
island, in this city and the country round about ; and that
to carry the scheme into execution, they will be obliged to
have recourse to the military power for assistance.
If this should be the case, you are hereby required,
during my absence to afford every aid which the said Con-
gress or their secret committee shall apply for.
I need not recommend secrecy to you, as the success
you must be assured will depend abundantly upon the pre-
caution and the despatch with which the measure, when
once adopted, is executed. Gen. Greene v/ill, though not
in person perhaps, have a principal share in ordering the
detachments from his brigade on Long island, of course
will be a proper person to let into the whole plan. I would
therefore, when application is made by Congress, have you
and him concert measures with such gentlemen as this
body shall please to appoint, and order the execution with
as much secrecy and despatch as possible, and at the same
time with the utmost decency and good order.
Given under my hand at Head-Quarters in the city of
New-York, the 21st day of May, 1776.
To Major General Putnam.
Southampton, Feb. 2Sth, lllo.
Sir — I have engaged tow cloth near to the amount of
the sum I received for that purpose, but have been obliged
to give from 2s. 2d. to 2s. Sd. per yd, as it could not be
bought under, and shall forward the same as soon as I can
get it together, which will be by the next boat, I expect.
I should be obliged to you to let me know the sense of the
Congress, whether they would have me purchase any more
at that price or not. If there be any prospect of trade to
any part, I must beg you will give me the earliest intelli-
gence you can, which will be esteemed a particular favour
done.
Your humble servt.
JNO. FOSTER.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
Fairfield, 29th Feby. 1776.
Dear Sir — Give me leave to inform you that I am now
in close confinement in the common jail of this town ; I
am also of opinion (and I have but too much reason to
suspect it,) that there is a design against my person formed
by some person or persons of the county of Cumberland,
whose actions you are already acquainted with. True U
is, there is law in this Colony of Connecticut, but in the
county of Cumberland you know there is none. I tlierc-
fore, (to clear myself before God) expect my life and safe-
ty at the hands of those who hold the governing reins of
ihe Province of New-York, the metropolis of which Pro-
vince I now call my residence.
Thaddeus Burr, Esq. the sheriff of this county, informs
me that he is acquainted with you ; I therefore recjuesl that
you will inform him (by the return of the bearer) what
you know of my character, as also the character which I
bore among mankind before the commencement of these
unhappy troubles ; and I desire (if my release be not im-
mediately granted) that I may be under the protection of
the law till such time arrives.
You well know that my sentiments have been uniform and
steady, even if erroneous ; and, therefore, I conceive my-
self entitled (at the least) to the privileges and protection
which by the laws of all Christian nations arc granted to
prisoners of war, (I call it prisoner of war, not as being an
enemy in heart to any man breathing, but as being by
birth and education, one of that country between which and
this country a war subsists ;) and for that purpose I con-
120
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ceivc myself cntillcd lo an impartial hearing vvliere preju-
dice does not prevail, and I hope that is the case in the
Congress of which you are a member.
Let me request that I may eillier be allowed the privilege
granted by all Christians lo a prisoner of war ; or else the
birthriglit of a British subject — the writ of habeas corpus.
If the former (only) be allowed, you may mention what
you choose in the parole, but I would choose by all means
if possible, lo be at New-York or Philadelphia, where I
I may finish my intended publication on surveying, which
you well know is allowed by all parties, to be a matter of
great actual service to America. I should be glad if you
would not fail to be immediate in your proceedings herein,
and I would look upon it as an additional favour, if you
would acquaint Lord Stirling (with whom I had formerly
a small acquaintance,) as also Mr. Duane, of my present
situation.
I remain with the greatest esteem, (notwithstanding all
political sentiments,)
Dr. sir, your most hble. servt.
S. GALE.
F. S. I have at New-York, the copy of a letter which
was sent by the Westminster (or rather) the Cumberland
commiltee, to Mr. Livingston ; as also a vindication of the
conduct of the sheriff and posse, by the oaths of (I believe)
thirty persons, a great part of whom was on the prejudiced
side. These oaths being in favour of the sheriff and posse,
was the reason (as I have been informed) of their not being
sent to your body according to promise.
I woidd be glad Mrs. Gale might not be informed of
this letter, lest its contents should occasion her miscar-
riage.
Mr. Sturges (the jailer here) would be glad of half a
ream of writing paper. If you arc not acquainted with
him, I should be glad you would put the expense to my
account, and I will repay you next lime I see you.
2d March.
P. S. extraordinary. I have been favoured with what
is called a copy of my letter to Colonel Bellows ; I aver
from the bottom of my soul tliat both the words and the
sense are materially altered, and that consequently it is not
a copy of any letter ever by me written.
The firm belief of there being a design formed against
my person, occasions me to send a man on purpose with
this letter (by the sheriff's permission.) If you are de-
sirous of knowing what the letter actually was, I am of
opinion that by the help of the pretended copy, my memory
will enable me to furnish a true copy, which shall be at your
service.
Confinement in a common jail, where the cold wind
through the bars (for the windows are not glazed,) far ex-
ceeds the warmth of all the fire that is obtained, leads me
to wish that I could be accommodated in a genteeler apart-
ment, till I come lo N. York. As you and the sheriff are
acquainted, I wish you would pass your word for my stay,
and you may rely on the word of an honest and sincere
(if an erroneous) man, that I shall not deceive either you
or him, nor shall I start one inch from such limits as may
be prescribed.
To Mr. McKesson.
[A letter from Wm. Barker, stating that he lias difficulties about en-
listing liis men.]
Amenia. March 1st, 1776.
Sir — I have received orders under your hand to enlist
men in the Continental service as a captain, and am very
sorry the privates are not allowed as nmch pay as our near
neighbours in Connecticut, who are allowed 53s. 4cZ. for a
bounty, and 53s. 4ci. per month, which discourages our
men from enlisting in our own Province ; but a bigger dis-
couragement I take to be, that there is no time prescribed
for their enlistment. Also, one place the orders say they
(the soldiers) lo find their own arms, and in another place,
arms and accoutrements for the men, &c. lo be provided
at the public expense ; and no mention is made of any ad-
vance pay, wiiich appears to me llial it will be absolutely
necessary that they should have one month's pay before
they march, in order to furnish themselves. Under these
discouragements I find it very dull raising men. If, there-
fore, sir, you can, by a line by the bearer, give me any fur-
ther directions in these matters, you will greatly oblige,
Sir, your most obedl. humb. servt.
WILLIAM BARKER.
To Honble. Nath. Woodhull, President of
the Congress at New- York.
[A letter from Colo. Gil. Budd, stating that his boat is at the Asia.]
Maviaronerk, March 2nd, 1776.
Siu — Some lime past I had a small boat taken from me.
I am informed she is gone to ihe Asia man of war. I
should lake it as a particular favour if you would get a per-
mit for the bearer, Mr. Wilim. Grey, to go on board in
search of her, as he is acquainted with her.
I am, sir, your hum. servt.
GILBT. BUDD.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Genl. Lee, informing Congress that it is probable the
Ministerial army will leave Boston.]
March the Alh, 1776.
Sir — The letters I received last night from the Com-
mander-in-Chief and General Greene were unfortunately
thrown into the fire ; but according to my best recollection,
the reasons given by the Generals for surmising, or rather
concluding, that it was the intention of the enemy lo evacu-
ate Boston, were these : That they had withdrawn their
mortars and heavy cannon from Bunker's hill and Charles-
town ; that their transports were hauled in lo ihe wharf;
that some people who had left the town lately, declared that
the officers' baggage was sent on board ; in short, it is from
every circumstance concluded by those who are before the
place, and those who have lately left the place, that they
are soon to abandon Boston ; and that consequently they
will attempt to establish themselves here. May I, sir, take
the liberty to express my uneasiness on a subject which is
more properly a matter of consideration for the Congress —
the liberation of the notorious enemies to liberty and their
country, in giving bonds for their good behaviour, appears
to me, in our present situation, extremely ill imagined ; it
is so far from a security that it is rather adding virus to
their malignancy. The first body of troops that arrive will
cancel these bonds. Some vigorous, decisive mode must
be now adopted of discovering on whom you may depend
or whom not. The crisis will admit of no procrastination.
I cannot therefore help wishing for the common safely and
the honour of this Province in particular, that some lest
may be immediately offered that we may be enabled to
distinguish our friends from our foes. The latter must not
and cannot be suffered to remain within your walls to co-
operate with these without working your destruction.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedl. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
To Colonel Woodhull,
President of the Provincial Congress.
Ticondcroga, 7th Deer. 1775.
Sir — I have received a copy of a resolve of the New-
York Provincial Congress, dated 3rd November, directing
that £13 8s. Id. be stopped out of the pay of Thomas
Hampton, James Devenport and Henry May, deserters
from your company.
You will make an immediate stoppage in their pay to
reimburse the said sum paid for apprehending said deser-
ters and bringing them to Albany, and the expenses attend-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
121
ing that service, so that you may account to me for the
same, the Congress having in their resolve directed me to
account to them.
I am your hum. servt.
JAMES HOLMES.
To Capt. Wynkoop.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler, with list of officers now in Canada.]
Albany, Feby. 21th, 1776.
Sir — Last evening I had the honour to receive your let-
ter of the 22nd instant. I wish it vi^as in my power to in-
form you what officers from this Colony are provided for
in Canada. I have never been able to get a return from
thence since the order of Congress for raising two battalions
there ; but as one of these battalions, I suppose, will be
officered by the officers from this Colony, you may make
a probable guess of who will not be employed there from
the enclosed list, on which they stand in the order of their
rank in the army. I have also enclosed a list of such offi-
cers as served last campaign, and are now part of Colo.
Van Schaick's regiment. Capts. Billings and Haasbrook
and Lieut. Whelp had warrants for raising men, but as I
have never heard from them since they left this, I took
no notice of them in the arrangement of this regiment.
I am extremely sorry that you cannot supply it with arms ;
I shall not know how to furnish them.
The arms of the New-York troops were ordered to be
returned into the public stores ; such as were so, have
since been issued to other troops ; but many were lost and
carried off by deserters. I shall, at a more leisure hour,
send you an account of what were received at Ticondero-
ga and Fort George. I do not suppose an account was
kept of those that were delivered in Canada.
You will please to order up 600 fathom of tarred rope
for painters for batteaux &c. ; two fishing nets and ropes
for four.
I shall probably send into Canada some companies of
Colo. Van Schaick's regiment before I can hear from you ;
these officers I will give commissions to, as I have some
blank ones by me. I wish you to send up the blank com-
missions for the remainder, as I do not know which of the
officers nominated will accept.
I am, sir, with the greatest esteem,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr. President, &c.
P. S. I have added Lt. Colonel Yates and Major Gan-
sevoort to the enclosed list, as they are at least equally en-
titled to a chance of preferment with any of the other field
officers, although they are reappointed to Colo. Van
Schaick's regiment.
Albany, February 27, 1776.
Sir — When an officer has acted with remarkable atten-
tion and propriety, it becomes a duty in his commander to
give public testimony of it. Such has been the conduct of
Capt. Willets during the last campaign ; he is therefore
entitled to the attention of his country.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Nathl. Woodhull, President of the New- York Congress.
Albany , February 21, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Paine has been employed during part of last
campaign in the artillery way ; he seems active and lively,
and if you have not already appointed the officers of the
artillery company, it might be well to employ him, as he
expresses a desire for the service, and is willing to return
immediately into Canada.
I am, sir, your most obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
President of the New- York Congress.
[Vol. n.] 31
[Lieut. Col. Lewis's letter, stating that Col. Drake's regiment is in
want of a Quartermaster.]
In Provincial Congress, J
New-York, March 4, 1776. \
Sir — Your letter relative to a quarter-master for your
regiment, was read : The Congress are of opinion that the
Colonels of the different regiments should appoint their own
quarter-masters, and give them warrants. They recommend
this mode for Colo. Drake as often as occasion may re-
quire it. I am directed to inform you of this.
I remain, sir, your very humble servt.
ROBT. BENSON, Secy.
Colo. Lewis Graham.
Home's Hook, March 3, 1776.
Sir — The quarter-master of our regiment having declined
serving any longer in that station, the field officers have
agreed to recommend Mr. James Cock as a person pro-
perly qualified for the office.
If the Honourable Congress should approve of him, I beg
that his commission may be made out as speedily as possi-
ble, that so necessary an office may not be vacant.
I am, sir, your most obedient servt.
LEWIS GRAHAM, Lt. Colo.
Brigadier-General Woodhull.
[Letter from Richmond county, relative to persons apprehended by
Colo. Herd.]
Richmond County, Feby. 26th, 1776.
Gentlemen — In consequence of your letter, dated
Feby. 21, three of our committee went to Elizabethtown,
and applied to the chairman of the committee, for the in-
habitants of our county then in their prison, to be return-
ed. Said chairman knowing not by whose authority Colo.
Herd and Colonel Thomas had taken them in custody,
referred the matters to said colonels. Accordingly, one
of our committee went to Woodbridge, waited on the co-
lonels, who then promised the prisoners should be deliver-
ed up, with the charges alleged against them. On re-
turning to Elizabethtown, Col. Thomas informed our
committeemen, that he could then not furnish them with
the charges, but would send the prisoners on Saturday
morning under a guard, to be delivered at Richmondtown,
with the charges, to our committee. Accordingly, our
committee attended at the time and place in order to re-
ceive them, but none appeared. The committee then ad-
journed till this day. When being assembled, Mr. Isaac
Decker appeared, informed the committee that on Satur-
day last at sunset, the sheriff of Elizabethtown opened
the prison door, desired said Isaac Decker and Minno
Burger to wait on Colonel Thomas, which they accordingly
did. Said colonel then told them, that on promising they
would appear this day before liie committee, in the county
of Richmond, he would discharge them. Accordingly,
Isaac Decker has appeared, Minno Burger, unwell, could
not appear. Our committee is at a loss how to act ; the
above colonel has not sent any charge against them, we shall
therefore wait your direction. Richard Conner, Esqr. on
giving his obligation to Col. Thomas to appear when call-
ed upon, was admitted, to return home, before your letter
came to hand. Said obligation has not been returned to
us, nor any charge against iiim. Abraham Ham, wc are
informed, is detained in prison on account of a debt.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedient, and most humbl. servt.
By order of the committee.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON.
To the Provincial Congress, in New-York.
P. S. The foregoing have, by reason of bad weather,
been detained. Have this day received from Colonel
Thomas, the accusation against that prisoner ; wc shall
proceed to trial as soon as possible.
CHR. JACOBSON.
Feby. 28th.
122
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
[Genl. Lee's order for ten beds.]
Head-Quarters, March the 1st.
Sir — You will much oblige me, sir, in furnishing the
regiment of Ward with ten beds, which are absolutely ne-
cessary for the sick. To say the truth, it is scandalous,
that so many applications should be made in vain for such
a trifle as ten beds. I must, therefore, once more desire
that they may be furnished without delay.
I am, sir, yours,
CHARLES LEE,
Major- General.
To Mr. Roorback, barrack -master.
[Letters between Genl. Lee and the barrack-master, about delivering
out stores.]
New-York, 1st March, 1776.
Sir — As my appointment to the office of barrack-mas-
ter extends only to the city of New-York, I have it not in
my power to comply with your Excellency's requisition in
regard to the supply of troops in another county, unless a
special order be obtained for that purpose fronn the Con-
gress.
I am, respectfully.
Your Excellency's most humble servt.
GAR. ROORBACK, B. M.
To His Excellency Major-Genl. Lee.
[Letter from Commissioners at the Highland fortifications requesting
greater allowance of provisions &c.]
Fort Constitution, February 29, 1776.
Gent. — We have received the order of the Continental
Congress by Messrs. Palmer and Livingston, accompanied
with Col. Smith, the engineer, who has planned the fortifi-
cations agreeably to the said order, and much to our satis-
faction; and you may be assured that nothing shall be want-
ing on our part to prosecute the same. But in order to
give the troops stationed here, and who are expected to per-
form the labourers' work, better spirits, we beg leave you
would enable us to give them such further allowance of
provisions to each labourer as we may see necessary, their
present allowance being really too small for labouring men.
We would also beg leave to represent to you, that as
the works now laid out are extensive, and seven miles dis-
tant from each other, that four commissioners, two at Poop-
loop kill and two at this post, will be necessary, they act-
ing jointly at all the works; and if your Honourable House
should be of the same sentiment, that we may have one
more added to our present number, we would presume to
recommend Mr. Gilbert Livingston, as a gentleman, from
whose abilities the public service would be benefited up
here.
We are, gentn. with respect your hum, servts.
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
JONTN. LAWRENCE,
THOS. PALMER.
To the Provincial Congress for New- York.
[Letter from Committee of Cumberland county with return of field
officers.]
Cumberland county, Westminster, Feb. 1st, 1776.
May it please your honour —
We have with peculiar pleasure received
the letter from the chairman of the Honourable Committee
of Safety for the Province of New-York, recommending
peace, harmony and unanimity through the county in no-
minating the field officers for the lower regiment in said
county.
At a pretty full meeting of the committee of safety for
this county, after mature consultation and deliberation upon
the matter, we have (with submission to the Honourable
Congress) nominated sundry gentlemen to be commissioned
as field officers in the lower regiment. And that Major
Hunt's character should not be lessened in the view of the
Honourable Congress, we must inform you that the said
Hunt entirely refuses to accept a commission in the lower
department.
We hope the dissentions and animosities whicii have
heretofore been so prevalent in the county, will, in a great
measure for the future subside. With grateful acknow-
ledgment we return you our most sincere thanks for the
favourable notice you have hitherto expressed towards us,
and should be extremely glad for the like future favours.
Our nomination for field officers for the lower regiment is
as follows: Major William Williams, 1st. col. ; Benjamin
Carpenter, Esqr. 2d col.; Oliver Lovel, Esqr. Ist. major;
Abijah Lovejoy, 2d major ; Samuel Minor, jun. adjutant ;
Samuel Fletcher, quarter-master.
Hon. Sir, by forwarding commissions to the above gen-
tlemen as speedy as possible, we think it will give pretty
general satisfaction to the county. And wishing the Colony
of New-York all imaginable peace, harmony and concord,
we subscribe ourselves
With the greatest respect.
Your most obedient humble servants.
By order of the County Committee.
(Signed.) BENJN. CARPENTER,
Chairman.
To the Hon. President of the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from P. T. Curtenius stating that General Lee demands hospi-
tal stores.]
February 24, 1776.
Gent. — Agreeable to your orders I desired Mr. Hughs
to shew me by what authority he demanded the stores taken
out of the lower barracks ; upon which he shewed me a
recommendation in his favour from the Congress of this
Province to the Continental Congress, which I thought
was not a sufficient authority for me to deliver up the
stores. Since which he has been at my house and told me
that if I would not deliver them to him, the general would
send a file of soldiers to take them. I should be glad to
know how to act, the general being impatient to have an
answer.
Enclosed are three accounts for rations due to Captains
Hulburt, Griffin, Grenell and their officers, amounting to
£179 7s. which sum they demand of me. Please to let
me know whether I must pay them. The rations are ra-
ther charged under than over the mark. Lieut. Marvin
also delivered me a doctor's bill amounting to 32s. which
was for medicines administered to him whilst he lay at the
east end of Long island, where there was no regimental
surgeon.
I have purchased three thousand bushels of salt out of the
ship Lady Gage, to go up to Albany. Should be glad to
have the advice of Congress how to get it out of the kills.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
Please to return the accounts by the Secretary.
To the Provincial Congress.
[A letter from Henry Remsen, asking what is to be done with the Con-
tinental powder at New-York.]
New-York, Feb. 29th, 1776.
Sir — A parcel of powder (about three tons) has arrived
here, but without any directions where it is to be forward-
ed ; about the same quantity may be expected here to-mor-
row. I am desirous that this powder should be transport-
ed without delay, and therefore have sent a person ex-
press, to have your directions by return of Mr. Saffiron, the
bearer of this.
The committee for the county of Essex, are now met.
They would cheerfully have forwarded this powder, had
any directions been sent to them. One gentleman of the
committee spoke to Mr. Lewis, (one of the Delegates for
New- York,) who informed him that the powder was to go
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
123
to Cambridge. Should our Povincial Crongress be unac-
quainted wilh the destination of this powder, it will be ex-
pedient to consult Mr. Francis Lewis on the subject. Should
it be ordered to New-York, a sufficient guard will be ne-
cessary to attend the transportation of it from Powles Hook
to New-York. You will please to give directions as soon
as possible.
I am, respectfully.
Your most obedt. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
To Col. Woodhull, President of the Provincial
Congress, or in his absence to Col. McDougall,
New- York.
[A letter from President Hancock, enclosing resolves relative to a fort
in the Highlands; to sending heavy ordnance with Gen. Lee, to Ca-
nada, and exploring lead mines at Canaan, &c.
Philadelphia, Feb. 22d, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have the honour to enclose you sundry
resolutions of Congress, by which you will perceive their
determination as to the works on Martler's Rock, that no
additions be made, but that those already effected there, be
supported and garrisoned. You will please to order the
erection of the works recommended by Congress in the
enclosed resolves, to which I beg leave to refer you.
The Congress have directed General Lee to repair to
Canada, to conduct the military operations in that quarter ;
and as battering cannon are much wanted there, they have
ordered him to request you to supply him with some suita-
ble pieces, and mortars if possible, with shells, balls &c.
I make no doubt but your zeal will readily lead you to af-
ford the General your aid in these instances, and also in as-
sisting to forward every necessary with all despatch. I
must refer you to the resolutions, and have only time to re-
quest your particular attention to them.
I am, with esteem, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
P. S. Gen. Schuyler is to repair to New-York, and
take the command. I shall send the commission by next
opportunity.
To the Hon. Convention, New- York.
£A letter from P. T. Curtenius, stating- that the Jersey regiment want
bowls, spoons, sheets &c.]
Feb. 21sl, 1776.
Gent. — Mr. Halsted, Q. M. of the Jersey regiment, has
applied tome for 344 wooden bowls, 12 pair sheets for the
hospital, 344 wooden spoons. Should be glad to have a
written order to deliver them.
I am, gent.
Your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. Also a few old blankets for the sick.
[Letter from Robert Boyd relative to arms.]
New-fVindsor,23d February, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 12th instant came safe
to hand, and I note the contents, but am at a loss to ascer-
tain exactly what number of gun barrels, &;c. I can furnish
by the first of April as therein required. I hope at or near
that lime to have as many completed as will pay up the
public money I received, and then propose waiting on the
Honorable Congress and determine whether I am to proceed
any farther or not ; but am inclined to think I shall not on
the strength of the old contract, as by that contract there
is no fixed number to be made, only a definite number
given, if that could be completed within six months. At
the time I contracted, my ideas relative to executing the
business were exceeding erroneous. I thought one month
would be sufficient for preparation, in order to begin the
business ; but wilh sundry hindrances, four months elapsed
before that could be done. I also thought there would be
no difficulty in procuring hands who understood the busi-
ness, or if there should, I could procure common smiths,
who in a little time would learn, but found myself egregi-
ously disappointed in both these opinions. In relation to
the first, I sent both to the east and west in order to procure
hands, but found them all employed on such terms as ren-
dered it out of my power to remove them. And in relatioa
to the second, the difficulty arose from my being circum-
scribed within the narrow limits of a few months, and could
not foresee what would take place at the end of that term ;
therefore could not (without a manifest risk,) pursue that
mode, as it is no trifling affair to teach a number of hands
in a business they are wholly ignorant of, at private ex-
pense, without having such a kind of certainty of prosecu-
ting it as will in the end reimburse the expense accrued in
teaching them. I believe no reasonable man will doubt the
sincerity of my intentions of carrying on the business to a
considerable extensiveness, when they see that I have been
at £] 20 expenses in preparing for it ; and I do think there
is not such a shop in this or any of the neighbouring gov-
ernments (that hath come under my view) for convenience
in carrying on the business aforesaid. But this answers
very little purpose, when the superintendent thereof must
employ his own fingers at every piece of business that is
done in it. But even in this case more might have been
done, had not much of my time been spent in attendance
on public business, which it was out of my power to avoid.
As I have imposed on the patience of the Honourable House
in proceeding to this length, therefore shall now conclude
with only observing, that if the Honourable Congress think
it proper, I will wait on them immediately, then inform
them more fully concerning this affair than is consistent
with the length of a letter ; if not, I shall remain at home
till I get the before mentioned barrels, &c. completed.
I am, gentlemen, with all due esteem.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
ROBT. BOYD, Jun.
N. B. I have the number of barrels, &c. before men-
tioned in hand fit for boring, but my works have been frozen
up this whole winter, that I could neither bore nor grind.
To the honourable the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New-York.
[Letter from Gen. Schuyler, stating his want of arms and pitch.]
Albany, February 21, 1776.
Sir — Mr. McKesson's letter, by your order, enclosing
the resolutions of Congress of the 5th instant, I yesterday
received.
Measures are taken to complete Colo. Van Schaick's
regiment, and hope, wilh the assistance which the commit-
tee of this city and county affords me, that it will be
speedily accomplished. But I am distressed in the highest
degree for arms, clothing, blankets, and every other neces-
sary ; I must therefore entreat that these things may be
sent up the soonest possible, together wilh 100 barrels of
pitch, 10 of turpentine, and 2 ton of oakum. I wish these
things to be put on board of a vessel and sent up as soon as
possible. I suppose the river will soon be open.
Capt. Horlon, of the fourth regiment, is willing to con-
tinue in the service, so is Capt. Henry B. Livingston. I
wish the latter could be promoted out of respect to his
family as well as his own merit.
I am, sir, your most obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The President of the New- York Congress.
Albany, Febij. 14, 1776.
Gentlemen — On the twelfth instant I was honoured
with a letter from the Committee of Safety of this Colo-
ny, dated tlic 31st ult. extract of which enclose you, to-
gether with copies of sundry resolutions of the Honoura-
ble Continental Congress.
124
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
You will perceive by ihe resolutions of Congress, lhal
the raising of Colo. Van Schaick's rcginnent was a service
intended for the Provincial Congress or Commitlce of
Safely, but since they have sent me the money ; and thai
the delay which must necessarily be occasioned by refus-
ing my intervention, may be very prejudicial to the service
at this advanced season, I will readily, with your assis-
tance, undertake the business, provided you judge it prac-
ticable to complete the regiment in this quarter ; if not, I
would only issue warrants to such officers as served in that
corps last campaign, and are willing to reengage ; which,
together with such other officers, (of which enclose a list,)
to whom warrants were issued for raising troops without
designing them particularly for any regiment, (and three of
which have already enlisted near three companies,) will, I
apprehend nearly complete the number of officers, a list of
which I would transmit to the Colony Congress, that they
may be sufficiently informed, to appoint the remainder.
Colo. Van Schaick has my orders to inform himself
which of his officers on this side of Canada will reengage.
Those in Canada will be provided for there.
I am, gentlemen, with respect and esteem.
Your most obedt. humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Committee of the city and county of Albany.
[A letter from Genl. Schuyler, stating his want of arms and blankets
for the Canada regiment ]
Mbany, Feby. 15th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have the honour to acknowledge your
favour of the 31st instant, which was delivered me on the
12lh, by Messrs. Jadwin & Giles, together with twelve
thousand five hundred dollars, for which I have given them
a receipt.
If I do not misapprehend the resolution of Congress for
levying troops for the Canada service, the raising of Colo.
Van Schaick's regiment is recommended to you as well as
the providing them with the necessaries to enable them to
take the field. I have neither arms, blankets, or clothing ;
these ought to be immediately procured.
I enclose you a copy of my letter to the general com-
mittee of this county, which sits to-day ; by that you will
see what 1 propose to do. The nomination of such offi-
cers as may be wanted I must leave to that body ; which as
it is composed of gentlemen from every part of the coun-
ty, is more able to judge of those who are likely to raise
the men than I can be.
My nephew, Peter Schuyler, a young gentleman of about
thirty years of age, wishes to be employed in some of the
regiments to be raised in this Colony, as a field officer. I
should be happy, provided he can be recommended with-
out injuring others that may have a better claim, or giving
umbrage.
I am, gentlemen, with much respect and esteem,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Committee of Safety of New-York.
[Letter from Genl. Lee, stating that he is in want of money.]
New-York, Febry. 27th, 1776.
Sir — As we have here no Continental paymaster, I am
under the necessity of addressing myself to the Provincial
Congress, to assist me in this article. I have a considera-
ble party to be subsisted, and are now to be furnished with
necessaries. Two thousand dollars are at least requisite.
You will much oblige me therefore, sir, in endeavouring to
procure this sum. If you can make it 2500, it would be
more convenient to Sir, your most obedt.
CHARLES LEE.
To Colo. WooDHOLL, President of the
Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from James Duane, Esqr. relative to the troops to be
raised]
Gentlemen — I have this moment received your favour
of the 22d instant. The post, who did not get in till near
7 o'clock in the evening, will be despatched back so soon,
that I can have no opportunity, in the interim, of confer-
ring with my brethren, and one of the subjects is loo im-
portant to admit of delay. I, therefore, beg leave to give
you my sentiments upon it. If any thing further occurs
on a consultation, it will be transmitted the next convey-
ance.
General Schuyler, some time since, proposed to Con-
gress, that our second or Albany battalion should be re-
cruited for the service of Canada, and recommended the
former field officers. Of this Congress approved, and
12,500 dollars were forwarded to you for the despatch of
that business. The General, in a subsequent letter, in-
formed Congress that the money was sent to him, and
seems to be uneasy that the care of raising the battalion
should be superadded to the other burthens of his com-
mand. He mentions his intentions of applying to the
committee of Albany for assistance on that occasion ; but
what progress has since been made, we do not learn.
The Congress have also declared their intention of pro-
moting Capt. Henry Livingston, who came express from
General Montgomery, with the news of the surrender of
Montreal, when an opportunity should offer; but nothing
has yet been done in his favour.
A resolution has since passed for raising four battalions
in New-York, for its immediate protection and defence, of
which you have received a copy. It was followed by
another, that in the appointment of these officers, such as
behaved well during the last campaign should be provided
for ; a copy of which has likewise been forwarded for
your direction.
As New-York was thought to be in a critical state, and
no recommendation had appeared from our Committee of
Safety, of the officers for the four battalions, it occasioned
much surprise and uneasiness; and the apology I was able
able to make, viz. the expectation of a meeting of the
Convention, and the utility of their advice, (which indeed,
depended on my own conjecture,) did not prove satisfac-
tory. It was said, that while every thing was done for
New-York, at the public expense, that could be wished or
asked, they neglected their own defence, &c. This pro-
duced a resolution that an inquiry should be made into
your progress with respect to those battalions.
Those circumstances, if my memory has not failed, are
all that have happened on this subject, and which will suf-
fice to convince you that there is no obstruction in the
way of your nominating the field officers, agreeably to the
recommendation of Congress.
You will, doubtless, see the propriety of despatch, both
on account of your security and your reputation, both of
which no man can have more sincerely at heart than my-
self.
Apprehensive that you might be distressed to maintain
the army now in our capital, from the lowness of your
finances, we thought it advisable to obtain a warrant in
your favour for 35,000 dollars, which Mr. Lewis received,
and will deliver you.
I should do great injustice to Congress, if I did not as-
sure you that they are disposed to do every thing, which
can be reasonably required, for your protection.
I have the honour to be,
With the utmost regard.
Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humble servant.
JAS. DUANE.
Philad. 25 Feby. 1776.
Honourable the Convention of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
125
[Letter from Joseph Robinson, relative to collecting evidence against
Queens county lories.]
Jamaica, February the 2lst, 1776.
Sir — I received a letter from you, as President of the
Provincial Congress, desiring me to collect what evidence
I can against those persons who were taken up here in
our county, by order of the Continental Congress, and to
transmit the same to our Convention. To prove that they
are inimical to our glorious contest and of their receiving
powder, I think the Congress is furnished with the strong-
est and clearest proof that can be desired. Their own
public opposition, and their many public publications
against the mode pursuing by the United Colonies, and
likewise their own acknowledging the receiving and get-
ting powder, I think as clear proof as can be desired to
prove them enemies to our cause ; so clear, that even our
own Convention publicly published them as such, and
summoned, I believe, the major part of those gentlemen to
appear before the Congress and answer for their conduct ;
which summons, sir, they despised and refused to obey,
Mr. Peter Clowes is a proper person to refer you to for
information of their conduct concerning the summons, and
who were present when he went among them. To prove
those of the gentlemen (who live in our township) being
very industrious in riding to persuade the ignorant to op-
pose us, the Congress need only summons any of our in-
habitants here. As this letter will be read publicly, I can
not, consistent with my safely, publicly name persons who
•would be proper evidences, but I think Colo. Heard can
inform the Congress of those who received and distributed
out the powder. Whatever I can evidence, I shall readily
obey the summons of the Congress.
I am, sir,
Yours and the Congress's very humble servt.
JOSEPH ROBINSON.
[Letter from Major Rogers, praying permission to go on board the
Governor's ship when he pleases.]
Sir — Business of a private nature, and such only as re-
spects myself and creditors, renders my attendance on
board the Dutchess of Gordon indispensably necessary.
As I am soliciting grants for several tracts of land within
this Province, I shall be obliged frequently to attend the
Governor and Council to facilitate those grants. I shall
be greatly obliged to you if you will be so obliging as to
mention these matters to the gentlemen of the Congress,
in order that I may obtain a permit to go on board the Go-
vernor's ship at any lime when my business may require
my attendance.
I am, sir,
Your very humble servant,
ROBERT ROGERS.
New-York, i9th February, 1776.
To Colonel Woodhuli,, President of the
Honourable Provincial Congress for
the Province of New- York.
[A letter from the committee of Dutches, with commissions for offi-
cers in Continental service.]
Pougkkeepsie, Feby. 9th, 1776.
Gentn. — Enclosed you have a letter to Congress in an-
swer to one from the Committee of Safely of the 26th
ult. informing that four regiments are to be raised for the
defence of the Colony, and desiring to know what num-
ber of men can be speedily raised and armed in the coun-
try.
For the reasons mentioned in our letter, you will ob-
serve that we have resolved that only three companies can
be completed ; however, we conceive that if it was stipu-
lated that these troops are to remain within the Colony, we
would furnish a greater number of men ; as many would
in such case enter into the service who would otherwise
be deterred through fear of being sent upon distant disa-
[VoL. II.] 32
greeable service. For this reason, we would wish you
would, if you conveniently can, acquaint us with the par-
ticular destination of those regiments, and bow far we
may venture to engage with officers and men, that shall
not be obliged to march out of the Colony.
We are directed to inform you, that the committee re-
commend Mr. Robert Freeman for the commission of 2d
major in Col. Sutherland's regiment, vacant by the resig-
nation of Mr. Canlohn. You will please to procure and
transmit to us his commission as soon as possible.
We remain your very humble servants.
By order of the committee of correspondence,
ZEPHANIAH PLATT,
Chairman.
[Letter from Robt. Ogden, Esqr. chairman of Elizabethtown, stating
that he does not know for what cause Richmond tories are confined.]
Elizth. Town, Feby. 22nd, 1776.
Gentlemen — I this moment received yours, dated "In
Congress, Feby, 21st, '76," and signed by the President.
Had there been a necessity, I would immediately have
convened the committee to consider the request of your
letter. The persons mentioned, now in durance in this
town, were confined by Col. Heard, not at our instance,
and without our knowledge. It is said Col. Heard receiv-
ed his authority for so doing from your's or the Continen-
tal Congress.
Our committee are also ignorant of the crimes of which
these persons are accused, and for which imprisoned.
Being convinced of the strict propriety of your regula
tions respecting delinquents, this committee have not, nor
will they be guilty of the least violation of them ; and
therefore conclude, with assuring the Honble. Convention,
that we mean not to concern ourselves with these men or
their conduct.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your very humble servt.
ROBERT OGDEN,
Chairman,
To the Honble. the Congress of N. York.
[A short letter from Col. Swartwout, who wants money for his men.]
New-York, Febry. 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — Be pleased to let me have six hundred
and twenty-four pounds for the use of my regiment, in or-
der to enable them to provide themselves with blankets
and other necessaries.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT, Colo.
To the Honble. Provincial
Congress of New- York.
Haverstraw, Feb. 22d. 1776.
Thomas Smith, Esqr.
Sir — A very disagreeable division is like to break
out amongst us on account of two companies agreed upon
by the committee to be raised on the south side of the
mountains. Capt. Amos Huthings and Capt. Ary King,
were recommended by the committee. Mr. Amos Hu-
things has, to my knowledge, been at a great fatigue and
expense already, in engaging a number of hearty men, to
the amount of about 50, in order to have his company full
as soon as possible. Capt. Ary King, has also an incli-
nation of serving his country. We iiave but one set of
warrants come up. We are at a very great loss how to
act ; if you will assist us in obtaining two sets of war-
rants for this side of the mountains, which 1 think will be
the only means of settling this luihappy division, and you
will greatly oblige.
Sir, your most humble servant,
E. W. KIERS,
126
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Haverstraw, Feb.22d, ]77C.
Sir — A very disagreeable division is likely to break out
amongst us on account of two companies agreed upon by
the committee to be raised at the south side of the moun-
tains. Capt. Amos Hulhings and Capt. Ary King, were
recommended by the committee. Mr. Huthings has to
my knowledge been at a great fatigue and expense already
in engaging a number of hearty men in order to have his
company full as soon as possible ; he has about fifty men
already engaged. Capt. Ary King has also an inclination
to serve his country. We have but one set of warrants
come up ; we are at a very great loss how to act. If you
will be instrumental in obtaining two sets of warrants for
this side of the mountains, which I think will be the means
of settling all division in this part.
You will greatly oblige,
Your most humble servant,
E. W. KIERS.
To Jesse Woodhtll, Esq.
[A letter from Colo. Swartwout, with returns of his regiment.]
New-York, Feby. 20th, 1776.
Gentn. — By the within enclosed returns you will see
that those captains in town of my regiment, have small
companies, but at the same time nigh a full set of officers.
I expect the following captains, to wit, in hourly : Capt.
Woodford, from Pawlings precinct ; Capt. Ludinton, from
Frdericksburgh precinct ; Capt. Clearck, from Beekmans
precinct ; Capt. Durling, from Rumbout precinct. Should
it be the same case with the last mentioned company, to
have so few men and officers complete, it will be necessary
for your Honourable Board to fall on some plan, either by
sending to the several colonels of militia of our county,
to draft a sufficient number of men to fill the within men-
tioned companies, or by reducing the officers to a proper
number. If you should judge the latter to be best, pro-
bably it would suit many of the officers to return to tneir
families. As it answers no good purpose to have so many
officers when so few men, but on the contrary creates
great cost. As it is natural to expect, where troops are kept
there will be disorders attending them, and we have no
doctor for said regiment, should be glad that Doctor Tap-
pen might be appointed for that purpose. As we have an
over plenty of officers, I have no other view in writing
the foregoing than to acquaint you with the state of the
regiment.
I am, gentn. your very humble servt.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT, Colo.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress at N. York.
[A letter from Lord Stirling requiring the loan of some money for
his commissary to purchase provisions.]
New-York, February 20th, 1776.
Sir — When I arrived at this town with my regiment, I
expected to have found a Continental commissary of pro-
visions here, who would have furnished them provisions
and firewood, and other necessaries, but as no such officer
is here, I ordered my quarter-master to provide provisions
agreeable to the rations allowed by Congress. This he hath
hitherto done with his own money, but as that is already ex-
hausted, I am under the necessary of asking the favour of
the Congress of this Province to advance him as a loan as
much money as will be necessary for this purpose, till
another provision be made by the Continental Congress,
to whom I have wrote to regulate this matter as soon as
possible.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
STIRLING.
To the President of the Cong^ress
of the Province of New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Lee, stating that tlie troops on fatigue arc allowed
a gill of rum per day.]
February the I'Jth, 1776.
Sir — As it is established in camp to allow all fatigue
men a gill of rum each, I take the liberty to recommend
to the Congress to make the same allowance.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
To Colonel Woodhull,
President of the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from David Tye, £sqr. Chairman of south part of Orange
county, returning the warrants for raising men.]
In Committee, 22nd Febry. 1776.
Gentlemen — Upon receiving blank warrants the com-
mittee are now met to acquiesce with the request of Con-
gress to fill them. But debates ensuing which of the offi-
cers in nomination for raising two companies should have
the preference and have the warrants made out ; on motion,
it was carried that the warrants be returned and the Con-
gress to use their discretion, as our doing otherwise would
involve our precinct in disputes and heated parties. We
therefore pray you will not impute this measure to want of
zeal to do every thing in our power for the general good,
and do earnestly desire the Honourable Congress to fill up
the warrants as may seem meet to you, or otherwise fur-
nish us with one other set of warrants, as each of the par-
ties in nomination have spent much time in making advan-
ces towards raising their respective companies, which will
extricate us out of the difficulty we now labour under.
We are, gentlemen.
Your humble servts.
By order.
DAVID PYE,
Depy. Chn. of County Committee.
John Coleman, Deputy Clerk.
To the President of the Provincial Congress,
New-York.
[Letter from Genl. Lee, relative to the Asia and Phoenix seizing all
vessels and boats.]
New-York, Feby. 20, 1776.
Sir — I am just informed that the Asia and Phoenix have
seized several provision vessels from the Jerseys. I must
submit it to the Congress whether the compact is not to be
considered as broke, and whether it is not our duty to
withhold all further supplies. For my own part the mea-
sure of suffering ourselves to be plundered, and at the same
time feeding our plunderers, appears a degree of lowness
of spirit which reflects dishonour, and must encourage the
enemy still to take greater liberties.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
To Colonel WooDmjLL,
President of the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Wm. Leary, Town-Major, praying that he may be al-
lowed some pay for his signal services.]
New-York, 23rd Feby. 1776.
Sir — As I have a long time acted as town-major, I now
must take the liberty, and beg you will inform the Con-
gress, that it is out of my power to support myself in that
character without some compensation for it. I have quit-
ted all business for the office, and am now supporting my-
self on my means, which God knows it is very little. I
must beg you will excuse this freedom which I have taken
with you. I remain a well wisher to the present cause,
And your very humb. servt.
WM. LEARY, Town-Major.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
127
[Colo. Curtenius's letter, -with an estimate for four regiments.]
New-York, Feby. 22nd, 1776.
Gent. — I have taken the liberty to enclose an estinnate
of what articles are wanting to conaplete the four battalions
which are now raising for the defence of this Province. If
your Honours think proper to employ me in the purchase
of them, should esteem it a favour to receive your orders
early, that I may have it in my power to get them made
in time.
I have let the barrack-master have (since his appoint-
ment) £574 to purchase wood and other necessaries, and
he tells me that he will want two or three hundred pounds
more in a few days. Must I let him have it before he ren-
ders me an account ? Your orders how I must act and
how often in the year he must render an account, will be
agreeable to,
Gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
[Letter from Major-Gen. Lee, requiring boards, square timber, and
carpenters' tools for Connecticut teamsters.J
New-York, February 22, 1776.
Sir — As the carpenters must be constantly employed in
various works for the pubhc service, I lake the liberty to
desire the Congress will furnish or order to be furnished,
about three thousand feet of boards to construct a shed which
may enable them to work in all kinds of weather ; a con-
siderable quantity of oak timber is likewise requisite for
platforms and other works — five hundred load will not be
an over quantity. The regiments here from Connecticut
can turn out many carpenters, who consent to work upon
much more reasonable terms than the artificers of the city.
It would, I imagine, be worthwhile to provide, if possible,
a sufficient number of tools ; when the present work is
done these tools cannot be considered as an idle purchase;
they will always be useful.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
To Col. WooDHULL, President of the Congress.
[A letter from Adn. Bancker and Richd. Lawrence, Deputies of Rich-
mond county.]
Richmond county, 17th February, 1776.
Sir — Yesterday evening we were favoured with yours
dated 14th instant, enclosmg the resolves of the Continen-
tal Congress relative to the county of Richmond, whereby
it is stipulated that the Deputies and major part of the in-
habitants shall first subscribe to the association entered into
by the Colony, before a representation of this county can be
accepted in the Provincial Congress. Wherefore we take
this early opportunity to inform you that the association has
been subscribed by us and above seven-eights of the in-
habitants long since, which we shall be ready to lay before
the Congress when called on.
Col. Heard's coming on the island with a large body of
men to call the people to account for their inimical con-
duct towards the resolves of Congress, at this time, when
many of them arc coming into the measures, and the ge-
neral cause gaining ground daily, we fear will be rather a
hurt than otherwise. We are of opinion that it will be for
the good of the common cause, to stop the proceedings of
the Jersey forces, in order to quiet tiie minds of the people.
We would not be understood to dictate measures to that
respectable body (the Congress) to whose belter judgment
we willingly submit.
We are, with respect, sir,
Your most humble servants.
Signed per order.
ADRN. BANCKER,
RICHARD LAWRENCE.
Please to lay the above before the Congress the first con-
venient opportunity.
To Robert Benson, Esqr. Secry. New- York.
[A letter from Col. Swartwout relative to Capt. Billings joining his
regiment.]
February 18, 1776.
Gentn. — Whereas Capt, Billings, from Poughkeepsie,
has marched with what men he had enlisted for the Conti-
nental service, without orders I conceive. At his arrival
in town made application to me to join my regiment ; as
he was entirely destitute where to go, admitted him for the
present to join till I could have your sentiments thereon. As
it is essential to know immediately, as I must make a re-
turn to the General, of my regiment and of the effective
arms, and have them completed to twenty rounds per man.
I am gentn. your humb. servt.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT, Col.
To the Hon. Provincial Congress of New-York.
[Letter from Joseph Hallett, at Newark, to Col. McDougaU, relative
to grape shot.]
Newark, 16th February, 1776.
Dear Sir — I did not receive your favour of the 9th inst«
until yesterday. I have applied to Mr. Ogden, one of the
owners of the furnace in this town. He tells me if he can
be supplied with coal from the ship at Elizabeth Town, he
will engage to deliver two tons a week, until he has sup-
plied you with any quantity not less than ten tons, at forty
pounds per ton, if coal is to be had for four pounds per
chaldron ; if the coal should cost five pounds, then he
must have forty-one pounds per ton. This is a very extra-
ordinary price for grape shot, but it seems you will not be
able to get them for less money before the blast furnaces
begin to work, which I am told, will not be until May. I
think it would serve the general cause if the coal in the
ship at Elizabeth Town should be sold only to such per-
sons as are employed in making anchors, cannon, shot or
such other articles for the public use, as cannot be made
with charcoal. The nail makers I am informed are endea-
vouring to purchase the coal ; if they get them, the public
will suffer, and will not be able to cast your cannon or shot.
In order to prevent this, I should think the Congress of
New-York should write to the Congress of this Province,
showing the necessity of putting the coal into such hands
as would best serve the general cause.
You may depend I shall not be absent from the city of
New- York any longer than the situation of my family makes
it absolutely necessary.
I am, sir, your humb. servt.
JOSEPH HALLETT.
To Col. Alex. McDougall, at New-York.
[A letter from Col. Nathaniel Heard, stating that he is onStaten island
with 700 men, and waits for orders.]
Statcn isla7id, Feb. 16lh, 1776.
Gentlemen — Agreeable to your requisition to the Pro-
vincial Congress of New-Jersey, I am now on Staten is-
land with a battalion of 700 men, waiting your further ord-
ers and instructions, which 1 should be glad to have as
soon as is convenient, and am in the mean time gentlemen,
Yours, &c.
NATHANIEL HEARD.
N. B. Since I have been on the island there has been
sundry complaints made of many of the principal men
here, threatening they would kill any of the troops that
should come on the island to disarm them, and others that
have supplied the barges with live stock.
To the Provincial Congress at New- York.
[A letter from Jos. French, Esqr. wishing to be discharged.]
New-York, in close confinement, ntkFeb. 1776.
Sir — I make free to trouble you with a few lines, in
order to acquaint you with my silualion. I have been in
confinement four and thirty days ; three days at my own
house, with twelve men and an oflicer lo guard me, when
128
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
sick in bed. I gave security to Col. Heard for my ap-
pearance before your Hon. House, or liirn, to answer any
complaint alleged against me. 1 accordingly waited on
the Committee of Safety, who gave me a certificate, which
lenlose to your care ; and which certificate I shewed Col.
Heard, who gave no attention to it, and ordered me to fol-
low him. I accordingly followed him to Philadelphia, and
was informed by several of the members of the Hon. Con-
tinental Congress, that no complaint lay before them con-
cerning me. Col. Heard then laid mc under an obligation
to go back to New- York, which I strictly complied with.
And since my arrival here, I have been closely confined,
and don't know in the least what I have done to merit such
treatment. As I have had the honour of being a member
of your Hon. House, I think I can say with a clear con-
cience, that I have, neither directly or indirectly, to the
best of my knowledge, transgressed against the association
since I have signed it. I therefore would take it as a par-
ticular favour, if you would state this (my case) before the
Hon. House, and release me from confinement. I shall
always be ready and willing, to answer before the Hon.
House, any charge that can be alleged against me, after
my confinement.
I remain, with the greatest esteem, sir,
Your most obdt. and very humb. servt.
JOSEPH FRENCH.
N. B. The time you called at my house, I acted agreea-
ble to your request, but it had not the desired effect. The
other gentlemen confined with me pray also that some in-
dulgence might be given them, on their petitions to the
Hon. House.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, President of the
Hon. Provincial Congress, New- York.
[A letter from Col. Saml. Drake, that Col. Waterbury has seized tory
guns, and Col. Drake's whig minutemen wish to have them.]
New-York, Febry. ]6iA,1776.
Sir — I have been informed that Col. Waterbury has in
charge a number of guns taken from the tories in West-
chester county, and as many of the men in my regiment,
from the suddenness of the call, and their poverty, are des-
titute of arms, I beg you will be pleased to give orders
that my men be supplied with such of those arms as are
fit for service.
I am, sir, your most obedient servt.
SAML. DRAKE,
Col. of the mimite regiment in Westchester county.
To Col. Nathaniel Woodhull, President
of the Provincial Congress.
LAletter from Major Gen. Lee, on the subject of shutting up the port.]
New-York, Feb. 16lh, 1776.
Sir — I have received intelligence, that Mr. Tryon has
been guilty of most grossly abusing the indulgence shewn
to him ; that he has inveigled some of the gunsmiths on
board his ship, and that he is endeavouring to seduce as
many as he can, with the view, undoubtedly, of distress-
ing us in the article of arms. I could wish, as it has been
thought proper to furnish this gentleman with provisions,
and other necessaries of life, that he should be obliged to
give some security, that he will not intrigue, cabal, or ma-
chinate mischief of any kind to the Continent or Province.
This business of the gunsmiths is the reason that I have
pro tempore interdicted all communication with the Go-
vernor's ship, a measure which I hope will be approved by
the Congress.
I am, sir, your most obdt. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
[A letter from the committee of Haverstraw precinct.]
In Committee, >
Haverstraw precinct, January 30, 1776. S
Gentlemen — Enclosed is a list of the names of the field
officers nominated for the battalion in this precinct, and
the return of the captains and officers chosen by the res-
pective companies, except one lieutenant, and the officers
of one company which is not yet settled, the late captain
being advanced, you will be pleased to send blank com-
missions for those that may be chosen. It is now a long
time smcc the nomination and choice, and have long ex-
pected the commissions by return of Thomas Cutwater,
chairman of the joint committees of this precinct and
Orangetown, and have not known many days that no re-
turns had been made on our account.
We are, gentlemen,
Your very humb. servts.
AND. ONDERDONCK, Dept. Chairman.
To the President of the
Provincial Congress, New-York.
Claremont, 3d Feby. 1776.
Sir — I had the honour of your letter, with your polite
condolence, on the death of my father, and am extremely
obliged by your favourable mention of him. As his life
was a continued endeavour to deserve the good opinion of
his country, so the most grateful offering to his memory
is the commendation of free and good men.
The sentiments you are pleased to express of me, re-
quire my most grateful acknowledgement, and will, I hope,
animate me to merit your approbation, a reward adequate
to the worthiest actions.
My brother John has finished the powder mill, and will
be obliged to you for procuring him the necessary materi-
als, to render it as useful as I wish it to be.
I am, sir, yours and the committee's
Most obedient hum. servt.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety.
[A letter from P. T. Curtenius, concerning provisions for the troops,
this day arrived.]
Feb. 15, 1776.
Gent. — The quarter-master of Col. Drake's regiment
has applied to me for provision. I have no provision in
store, and if I had, it is impossible for me to go through
all the business I have on hand, and should therefore be
glad that the Honourable Congress would appoint a com-
missary pro. tern, in the regiment, to provide for them,
until you write to Walter Livingston, Esqr. to appoint one
of his deputies to reside here ; which will be a saving to
the public, because he gets paid by the month, and I get
a commission.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
[Letter from Saml. Jones and others, recommending Israel Wells, for
a major in the troops to be raised.]
Goshen, 9th February, 1776.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress in the city of
New-York convened:
Whereas the county of Orange have agreed to raise
three companies of men upon the late establishment of the
Honourable the Continental Congress ; and as four bat-
talions are to be raised within this Province, we hope
your Honourable Body will favour this county with part of
the field officers for one of the battalions. If that should
be your pleasure, we the subscribers, take the liberty to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
129
recommend for one of the majors, Mr, Israel Wells, a
man of good character and estate, in said county, and a
hearty friend to the liberties of America.
And are, with great esteem.
Your obedient humble servants,
SAMUEL JONES, Capt.
JAMES SAWYER,
JACOB ARNOUT,
GEORGE THOMPSON, Capt.
MOSES HETFIELD, Captn.
JOHN JACKSON, Capt.
DANL. EVERETT,
JOSEPH WOOD,
JOHN DENTON,
WM. THOMPSON,
JOHN WOOD,
JACOB DUNNING,
PETER GALE.
Nathnl. Woodhull, Esqr. Presidt. of the
Provincial Congress, New- York.
[A letter from Thos. Palmer, of Ulster county, covering associations of
a committee for raising troops.]
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress for the Pro-
vince of New- York :
Gentlemen — Mr. William Martin, of New-Marlbo-
rough precinct, in Ulster county, has enlisted 57 men to-
wards a company for the standing troops, to be raised for
this Province, the ensuing season. The enclosed papers
will fully shew the laudable principles he set out upon,
which I recommend to your consideration. I have en-
couraged him that I did not doubt but they will meet with
your approbation. Mr. Martin is a worthy man, much at-
tached to the liberties of his country, and no doubt, a good
soldier, as he served three campaigns the last war, and was
di.stinguished for a man of courage. You will understand by
one of the enclosed papers, he has the recommendation of
the committee of this precinct ; and as he has been at consi-
derable cost and trouble in raising those men for so neces-
sary a purpose, I beg you will favour him with a warrant
for filling up his company. People in general, in this
county, are very spirited for the cause ; and I make no
doubt, but one-fourth part of our militia would enlist in the
standing forces, if wanted.
I am, very respectfully, gentlemen.
Your most humbt. servt.
THOS. PALMER.
Newburgh, Ulster county, 12th Feby. 1776.
To the Chairman of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
[A letter from the committee south side of Orange, recommending offi-
cers for the army.]
In County Committee, ^
South side of the Mountains, in the county of Orange. >
Feby. lOth, 1776. )
In pursuance of a resolution of the Continental Con-
gress, and a recommendation of the Committee of Safety,
of New-York, now before us, we do recommend the under
named persons for officers for two companies to be raised
in this part of the said county, upon probability that they
may be completed :
Amos Hutchings, captain; Patten Jackson, Istlieut.; Ro-
bert Wood, 2d lieut.; George Johnson, ensign — Nominated
for officers for one company, for the Continental service.
Arie King, captain ; William Sicher, 1st lieut.; John D.
Coe, 2d lieut.; Peter Oblenus, ensign — Nominated for offi-
cers for one other company, for the Continental service.
Gentlemen — The above nomination if accepted by the
Congress, the persons concerned requires to know when
their time will commence, and what clothing is to be al-
lowed, and what will be allowed for sufficient arms, which
may amount to one-third the number of men.
We are, gentlemen, your humble servls.
By order.
DAVID PYE, Dep. Chairman.
[Vol. n.] 33
P. S. The bearer hereof, Amos Hutchings, will wait
your answer hereunto. Pray use the utmost despatch.
To the President of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
[A letter from the Committee of Tryon County, requesting the loan
of five hundred pounds.]
Tryon County Committee Chamber, )
January llth, 1776. J
Honourable Gentlemen — We took into mature con-
sideration the defraying of our committee's expenses for
several services of scouting parties, guards and otherneces-
sary duties, performed upon orders of our board, since
the 27th of August, 1774, to this day; and as it is to be
feared, that if in case we should levy such wanting money
in a tax from our constituents, our association would be
hurt or entirely broken.
Wherefore, it is resolved by our board, that such sum
of money as wanted to that purpose, might be drawn out
of the Provincial treasury in N. York, and to charge the
same to this board until a future time. In order of which
we apply to you with the humble request for your kind
assistance in granting such reasonable desire. And rely-
ing thereon, we do hereby appoint and authorize our Dele-
gate, Mr. John Moore, to receive out of the fund above
mentioned the sum of five hundred pounds, to the use of
defraying such necessary payments already due on account
and charge of our board as aforesaid.
Your favourable compliance will in particular oblige,
who are respectfully, honourable gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servants.
By order of the committee,
ISAAC PARIS, Chairman.
(Attest)
John Eisenlord, Clerk.
To the Honourable Congress of New- York.
[A letter from the Committee of Islip, in Huntington, requesting com-
missions for their company of militia.]
Islip, in Suffolk County, February 9th, A. D. 1776.
Sir — There never has been a militia company formed
in this precinct. But they that bore arms in the east part
of this precinct have been in the Smilhtown company ;
and those in the west part of this precinct have been un-
der a Huntington captain, wliich has been disagreeable to
the greatest part of the people of this precinct, and it has
been the cause of uneasiness amongst us. We informed
Col. Potter of what we were going to do before we pro-
ceeded to form a company. The colonel said the com-
pany would not be so large as he should choose ; but if it
would unite the people, and if they did proceed to choose
their officers, &c. that he would order the names of those
of the east part of this precinct to be taken out of the list
at Smilhtown. The way thus being laid open, the people of
this precinct assembled togelher and in our presence pro-
ceeded to the choice of their officers. They unanimously
chose Benajah Strong, for their captain ; Jeremiah Terry,
for their first lieutenant; Samuel Oakly, for their second lieu-
tenant ; and Annen Mobray, for their ensign. The above
named persons have signed the association. We desire
that commissions may be granted to the above named per-
sons, as we believe it will tend very much to unite the
people of this precinct.
Signed by order of the committe of Islip,
ISAAC THOMPSON, Chairman.
To the President of the Provincial
Congress at New- York.
P. S. There is about thirty-six or thirty-seven that
would belong to this company.
I. THOMPSON.
130
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from Samuel Bayard, Junr. informing that he is in custody at
Nicholas Jiayard's house.]
At Mr. NicjioLAs Bayard's, ?
February, 12th, 1776. i
Sir — Soon after my coming here yesterday afternoon,
having occasion to go out of tlie house, I was a httle sur-
prised at finding myself closely attended by a guard, and
upon remarking this to the officer commanding, at being
told that he looked upon me as a close prisoner. I never
have any objection to a person doing what he esteems his
duty, and, therefore, readily submitted. But as this treat-
ment is rather different from what I supposed to be the
intention of the committee, I thought it necessary to ac-
quaint you with it. Tlieir intention I suppose was that I
should be in custody, with liberty, however, to use any
recreation of walking about the house upon my parol not
to quit ihe records. This engagement I will readily give,
and shall esteem it a favour if you will procure these orders
to be explained. I shall also be obliged to you if you will
send me a certified copy of the first order by which the
records and my person were taken into custody and re-
moved hither.
I am, dear sir, your most obedt. servant,
SAM. BAYARD, Junr.
To Jno. McKesson, Esqr.
Marbletoion, Jany. 29<A, 1776.
Gentlemen — We, the committee of the township of
Marbletown, are under the disagreeable necessity of trou-
bling your Honourable Body ; though as it is the first of
the kind, we expect to be excused.
The matter we have to lay before your Honourable
Board is, that in compliance to a resolve passed by the
Honourable Provincial Congress, the 22d of August last,
there was an election for chosing of officers in the com-
pany of the southwest district of said town, and the fol-
lowing persons were chosen by a very great majority, viz:
Cornelius E. Wynkoop, captain ; Charles W. Brodhead,
first lieutenant ; Moses M. Cantine, second lieutenant; and
Jacob Chambers, ensign ; which your Honourable Board
has been pleased to commission.
These gentlemen officiated each in their respective ranks
with great satisfaction as far as we know, until it pleased your
Honourable Body to promote Capt. Wynkoop to a major in
Colonel De Witt's regiment of minute men. After which
there was a day appointed agreeable to said resolve for
filling up the vacancy by the company's choice ; when John
Hasbrouck, a person not belonging to the company, nor
even to the regiment, set up or intended to set up for cap-
tain of said company, which caused a great deal of con-
fusion.
We, therefore, pray that we may be informed as soon as
possible, whether it is the opinion of your Honourable
Body, that a captain should be chosen, or that the first
heutenant should be promoted and the other subalterns to
raise in rank, and then an ensign to be chosen, which we
think is the most natural construction to be laid on the re-
cited resolve. And if a procedure of that kind cannot
take place, your Honours may be assured that Mr. Brod-
head will resign, and then a new election must ensue, and
in course more troubles of that kind ensue ; but at the
same time we are willing to comply with such directions
as we may receive from your Honourable Body.
We are, gentlemen, with all respect.
Your Honours' very humble servants,
Signed by order of the committee.
LEVI PAWLING, Chairman.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress in New- York.
Ulster County, >
BruynsvAck, February 5th, 1776. )
Gentlemen — I herewith return to your Honours a com-
mission which was handed to me to be adjutant of the
regiment of minute men of the southern part of the county
of Ulster, of which Thomas Palmer, Esqr. is colonel ;
whereof I must acquaint your Honours I cannot, in justice
to myself, accept, as I was informed that some time last
fall I was recommended to your House (by two of the De-
puties of this county, then in Congress,) to be the first
major of a regiment of minute men, of which George
Clinton, Esq. was to be colonel, which was resolved on
and entered in your minutes ; which proceedings were
communicated to me, and I accepted to serve my country
in that capacity, which was made public at sundry meet-
ings of officers, and particularly at a meeting of the field
officers of this county for the choosing or nominating a
brigadier-general, where I was desired to meet, and accord-
ingly did, and gave my vote as a major ; and now to be toss-
ed out and put into a lower commission, I cannot accept
thereof without degrading myself to the lowest degree.
However, I still can serve the country as a private and not
be dependent for my living on a commission.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most humb. servt.
SEVERYN T. BRUYN.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
In Provincial Congress, 1
for the Colony of New- York, >
21it day of December, 1775. )
To Severyn Bruyn, of Ulster county, gentleman, greet-
ing :
By virtue of the authority reposed in us we do hereby
nominate, authorise, constitute and appoint you, the said
Severyn Bruyn, to be adjutant of the regiment of minute
men of the southern part of the county of Ulster, of which
southern regiment of minule men of Ulster county, Thomas
Palmer, Esquire, is colonel, hereby requiring you, before
you enter into the exercise of your said office, to make in
writing, and subscribe in presence of the chairman of the
committee of the city, town, district, or precinct wherein
you reside, the declaration appointed and directed by the
eleventh section of the seventh resolve contained in the
rules and orders for regulating the militia of the Colony of
New-York, recommended by this Congress on the 22nd
day of August, 1775, and authorizing you fully to execute
all the powers belonging to your said office, by virtue of
the said rules and orders, and the said declaration ; and we
do hereby require all persons under your command, to pay
due obedience to you, according to the said rules and or-
ders, and such further rules and orders as shall be made
and recommended for the militia of this Colony, by the
present, or any future Continental Congress, or Provincial
Congress of this Colony.
By order.
JOHN HARING,
President pro tern.
Attest.
John McKesson, Secry.
[A letter from Major-Genl. Lee, relative to sending a whale boat to the
Hook.]
February, the \Ath, 2 o'clock P. M.
Sir — I would humbly propose to the Congress not to
lose a single instant in despatching a whale boat to the
Hook to reconnoitre the fleet, whether they are friends or
enemies ; for should they be the latter, and intend a visit
to this place, we should make an awkward figure unless
we are prepared for their reception.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
To the President of Provincial Congress of the
Colony of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
131
Philadelphia, nth Feby. 1776,
Gentlemen — Agreeably to your instructions, we have
represented to Congress tlie case of the inhabitants of Rich-
mond county. As our Convention might be embarrassed,
while it seemed doubtful to you whether they ought, with-
out the intervention of Congress, to decide on the proprie-
ty of admitting the Deputies elected for that county, it
became our duty to press for a speedy decision on this
subject. It was readily agreed that the Convention ought
to be the sole judges of their own members ; and on this
principle the resolution which we have the honour to en-
close, was grounded.
We have obtained a warrant on the Continental treasury
for 12,000 dollars, to strengthen your hands in raising,
within our Colony, the four battalions intended for its im-
mediate protection and defence. The first opportunity
which presents itself to you or us, shall be embraced to
forward the money.
The great difficulties with which our Convention was,
on a similar occasion, pressed the last year, will, we hope,
be avoided by this expedient ; and for which we were ihe
more solicitous from our ignorance whether the state of
our Provincial finances would admit of your performing
this essential service to advantage without such aid.
Some time since we were favoured with an order of our
Convention authorizing us to draw on the Provincial Trea-
surer for the allowance they were pleased to provide for
their Delegates, To such of us as have continued here
since the last recess of Congress, it would be convenient,
and prevent the risk and difficulty of double carriage,
should we be directed to deduct out of the money which
will pass through our hands agreeably to the above men-
tioned warrant, our respective balances. In that case the
residue shall be accompanied by our receipt to the Provin-
cial Treasurer as his vouchers.
We expect soon to have the honour of writing to you
again on other subjects of your despatches, on some of
which we think it probable you may have consulted the
Deputies of Congress who arrived this day from your city.
We are, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your most obedient humble servants,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
WM. FLOYD,
FRANS. LEWIS.
Honourable Committee of Safety of New- York.
[A letter from Elihu Marvin, Esqr. chairman of the committee of
Orange county, recommending officers for the service.]
Oxford, Feby. 9th, 1776.
Gentlemen — In consequence of your letter of the 26th
ultimo, I convened our county committee on the 6th inst.
and laid the matter before tliern relative to the raising of
men for the defence of this Colony. The same being
taken into consideration, the committee are unanimously of
opinion that there can be three companies raised in this
county, viz. two on the north, and one on the south side
of the mountains ; and have nominated the following per-
sons for officers to raise the two companies on the north
side, viz. in Goshen regiment, Daniel Denton, captain ;
Belthazer Dchart, first lieutenant; George Hambleton Jack-
son, second lieutenant; and Samuel Carpenter, ensign. In
Cornwal regiment, Seth Marvin, captain ; James Little, first
lieutenant; Nathan Strong, second lieutenant; and Stephen
Halsey, ensign. But at the same time, the committee think
it will be out of their power to arm any considerable part
of the men they raise, on account of the quantity they
furnished last year, none of which have been returned, and
must therefore leave that matter with the Congress. They
are also of opinion, that it would be of bad consequence
to nominate more than one set of officers to each compa-
ny, and have therefore declined it.
The ensign of Capt. Raymond's company having mov-
ed out of this county, the company have regularly elected
Vincent Helms to that office, for whom a commission is
requested to be made out and sent up as soon as possible.
If the Congress could furnish each recruiting captain
with the terms upon which men are to enlist, with regard
to time, pay and clothing, the committee are of opinion it
would tend to facilitate the raising of the companies now
to be filled.
I am, gentlemen, your very humble servant,
By order of the committee.
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
Directed to Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety, now
sitting in New-York, or in his absence, to
the Chairnian pro tempore.
[A letter from New- Jersey Congress, informing that they sent Colo,
Heard to prevent depredations on the stock on Staten island.]
In Provincial Congress, )
Brunswick, Feby. 12th, 1776. J
Sir — This Congress, sincerely desirous of rendering
every possible assistance to promote the common cause of
America, have most cheerfully complied with the request
of your Committee of Safety, as signified to us by your
letter of the 10th instant, and Col. Heard, with a detach-
ment of 700 men under his command, is now under or-
ders to march immediately to Staten island, to secure it
from depredations.
It will always be a pleasure to this Congress to coope-
rate with your Colony in any measures which concern the
common interest ; and we hope as soon as this particular
service is completed, that Col. Heard will have permis-
sion to return, with the troops under his command,
I am your most obedt. hble. servt.
By order.
SAME, TUCKER, President.
To Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[A letter from Genl. Schuyler, on the subject of companies by him
ordered to be raised for garrisoning St. Johns, &c.]
Albany, February'Joth, 1776.
Sir — The Continental Congress having ordered one re-
giment to be raised in this Province to go into Canada, I
requested of that respectable Body to know if the compa-
nies that I ordered to be raised for garrisoning Crown
Point, Ticonderoga, Fort George, &c. were to be consi-
dered as part of them.
You will probably receive directions on this head, and
that no delay may be made in the arrangement of the offi-
cers to the regiment, I do myself the honour to enclose
vou the names of such as I gave recruiting orders to. If
Major Gansevoort should be provided for, or Colo. Yates
promoted, and if Capt. Curtis had the majority given him,
I believe it would tend to fill up the regiment with much
expedition, as he has great influence in the part of the
country where he resides, which is about Canaan.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
The President of the New- York Congress.
[Letter from Colo. Isaac NicoU, stating that his minute men will not
work without extra paj'.]
Fort Constitution, 12th Feby. 1776.
Gentlemen — The commissioners for carrying on the
works at this garrison, have applied to me to order out
working parties out of the men under my command here,
for that purpose. I am heartily disposed to comply with
their request, being assured it will promote the public ser-
vice, and be a great saving ; yet, I fear, unless the men
have some little extra allowance, they will rather enter unon
their duty with reluctance, and am the more induced to
think so, as the soldiers who have been employed by the
commissioners, have had an allowance of one shilling per
day each. I shall be glad, tlierefore, to be informed
whether the men are to expect such or any allowance, be-
132
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ing, at any rate, determined to exert myself in forwarding
the business by every means in my power. Enclosed you
have a return of the minute men now stationed here, and
am, gentlemen, with profound respect, your
Most obedl. servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New- York.
Fort Constitution, Feby. 12th, 1776.
Sir — As we have now weather to finish the battery re-
commended in a letter from the Committee of Safely, of
the 23d January last past, we were desirous to set about
it by employing the minute men in garrison here. Colo.
Nicoll informs us the men seem unwilling, unless allowed
some small compensation. We have agreed to allow them
one shilling per day when at work ; if it is not with your
approbation, shall desist from giving them any thing.
We beg leave to remark on the order of the Committee,
in the above mentioned letter, that to make the breastwork
of said battery twenty feet thick, we must make the stone
work of the wall equal to support such a breastwork ;
which will be as expensive and take as much time as has
already accrued on it. If it be agreeable, we can make
the breastwork with three pieces of timber thick, 12 by
12, on the outer face, and two the inside, taking in the
whole width of the crown of the wall, except six inches
for the sleepers of the platform to rest on, and to fill the
space between the timber with earth well rammed down.
Your answer from the Committee of Safety will oblige,
sir,
Your humble servants,
WILLIAM BEDLOW,
JONTN. LAWRENCE.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of Committee of Safety, New-York.
[A letter from Genl. Lee, stating that a commissary of artillery stores
and a company of artificers are wanted.]
New-York, Feby. Uth, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed, I take the liberty of sending the case of
Jean Baptiste De Gas, a Canadian, submitting to the con-
sideration of the Provincial Congress, whether it would
not be proper to furnish him with a necessary sum of mo-
ney to enable him to proceed to Mr. Hancock, to whom
he has been recommended. Sir, as in all probability, a
considerable body of troops will be stationed in this city
and its environs, during the present contest, I would take
the liberty to propose to the Congress the establishment
of a corps of artificers ; such an establishment is not only
necessary for the different military works, but I apprehend
It will answer very materially in point of economy. There
is another circumstance I must beg leave to mention ; it
is, sir, to appoint some person as commissary, to receive,
take care of and be responsible for, the various sorts of
military stores now in our hands.
I am, sir.
Your most obedt. servt,
CHARLES LEE.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
[The case of Jean Baptiste De Gas, the French interpreter.]
New-York, April 13, 1776.
General Wooster employed Jean Baptiste Dagas, the
fourth day of January, as conducler and interpreter to the
prisoners who were sent from Montreal to Albany, Gene-
ral Wooster advanced him no money, but he received from
Lieut. Cook, at Ticonderoga, twenty-two shillings, New-
York currency ; that this is the only money he has re-
ceived ; that as General Montgomery had promised to re-
commend him to the Congress for a commission in a regi-
ment of Canadians, to be raised for the Continental ser-
vice ; and as General Wooster assured him he had written
in his favour to Mr. Hancock, he thought both his interest
and his duty obliged him to proceed to Philadelphia, in
order to make application in person to the gentlemen of
the Congress for their favour and protection ; but at
Poughkeepsie he fell sick, where, having no money, he
was obliged to sell part of his clothes to pay his doctor and
the expenses of his living.
[The letter of Abraham Godwin, requesting a captain's commission.]
Gentlemen — The love of my country, since my mind
has been capable of judging, ever held the predominancy
in my breast. I have, therefore, at all limes, stepped for-
ward in ils defence when need required it ; and now, at
this trying crisis, again desire to be employed in my coun-
try's cause. For that purpose did I offer my service in
the battalion raised in New-Jersey ; and my appointment
to a company in that Province was agreed upon ; but
when the arrangement was nearly concluded, one of the
members of the Honourable New-Jersey Congress being
desirous of entering the service, I was set aside. I have,
therefore, with all despatch, laid my intention before the
Honourable New-York Congress, and should be glad to
have the command of a company bestowed on me in the
service, if there is a vacancy for that purpose. I have
enlisted the best part of my company already, provided I
have a commission granted me, and make no scruple but
shall in a fortnight have my full complement of men ; and
if the Honourable Congress shall be compliant to my en-
treaty, my country shall find me a strenuous supporter of
its privileges.
ABRAHAM GODWIN.
Nerc-York, Febry. 13, 1776.
To the Members for the Colony of New-York,
in Congress assembled.
Neii>-York, Feby, 15th, 1776.
Gentn. — The bearer, Abm. Godwin, is a person well
known to me, and a friend to the American cause. I
think him worthy of a commission.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble servant,
JACOBUS VAN ZANDT.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safely.
[Letter from Thomas Thomas, chairman of the committee at White
Plains, insisting that the railitia ought not to pay for powder.]
Committee Chamber, ?
Wliite Plains, 2oih January, 1776. 5
Sir — ^We received your favour of the 8lh inst. respect-
ing the powder sent for the use of the county, and observed
its 'contents ; are sensible of the propriety of our county's
being furnished with that article, and beg that you, in your
wisdom would order that it be a Provincial charge ; for we
conceive it to be extremely hard, as we are a frontier
county, that we should purchase ammunition and expend
it to the advantage of the Province in general. As to dis-
posing of it to individuals, many that will take an active
part are unable to purchase it ; and we will see that it be
deposited in discreet hands, to be distributed when neces-
sary to be used in the defence of the liberties of the country.
Signed by order of the Committee.
THOMAS THOMAS, Chairman,
t
[Letter from "W. Floyd, at Congress, directing the disposition of the
money brought by Messrs. Harrison, Lynch and Allen.]
Philadelphia, February 5, 1776.
Sir — I forwarded by Mr. Lynch and Mr. Allen, a sum
of money to the Honourable the Committee of Safety, with
a few lines advising what that money was intended for ;
and by your letter to us wherein you mention you would
t
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
forward it to General Schuyler, and the small sum to the
marine committee, I fear our letter must have been misun-
derstood, therefore I trouble you with this. The forty
thousand dollars was from Mr. Lewis, from the marine
committee ; the twelve thousand five hundred dollars for
the raising the battalion for Canada, and the small sum of
one hundred and some odd dollars was sent to Mr. Lewis
to pay off some accounts charged against the rifle companies
in passing through our Province ; I hope it is not yet
otherwise disposed of ; if it is, it may impede Mr. Lewis's
proceeeding agreeable to his directions.
I am, with the greatest respect, sir,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
WILLIAM FLOYD.
P. S. If it is not sent please deliver it to Mr. Lewis's son.
To the Honourable Congress or
Committee of Safety at New- York.
[Letter from John R. Livingston, staling that his powder mill is re-
built, and that he wants saltpetre. J
Claremonl, 27th January, 1776.
Sir — Some time since I received a letter from Mr. Van
Cortlandt, President of the Committee of Safety, during
the recess of Congress, desiring that the powder mill might
again be built, as it was in some measure of public utility.
I have accordingly pushed the building of it, and am now
happy to inform you that it is finished, but am notwith-
standing obliged to be idle for want of saltpetre. As there
is a large quantity of that article arrived at Philadelphia,
should think myself under obligations if you would procure
a part of it to be sent across the country to the mill, which
may easily be effected, as great part of the way they will
have snow.
I remain, sir, your most obedt. servt.
JOHN R. LIVINGSTON.
The President of the Honourable the Provincial
Congress sitting at New- York,
Montreal, 5th January, 1776.
Dear Sir — I acquainted you the 3d instant with the dis-
astrous event at Quebec. The fate of Arnold's detachment
is determined — it was obliged to surrender at discretion.
Thus the madness of one man has nearly ruined our cause
in this country, to which our worthy general has fallen a
sacrifice. For God's sake let us have men and money, and
above all, a general, that we may take the town before the
enemy can come to its rehef, and relieve our worthy bre-
thren in it.
Pray be so kind as to inform Judge Livingston of the
death of General Montgomery — he was shot through the
head and both his thighs. General Carleton buried him
with military honours, as also McPherson and Cheesman.
The enemy has taken all the artillery we had before Que-
bec, and I am very apprehensive if they make a sortie,
that they will either cut to pieces or take prisoners the rest
of the army there, it being impossible for us to send them
any assistance from hence ; if we should do it, we hazard
all we have done the last summer. The most that can be
expected from us, is to maintain our ground here and keep
a watchful eye towards the Canadians — this we arc bent
upon doing till succour arrives, be the consequences what
it may to ourselves. Our garrison does not exceed 400
effectives, a small number to awe such a country as this.
I am, sir, with respect, your very humb. servt.
RUDOLPHUS RITZEMA.
To Peter Van Bbucii Livingston, Esqr.
or in his absence, to the President of
the Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from Col. Ritzema, informing of General Montgomery's defeat
and death.]
Montreal, 3d January, 1776.
Dear Sir — This morning we experienced a sad reverse
of fortune. Mr. Antill arrived here express from Quebec
[Vol. n.] 34
133
with the following intelligence : That General Montgo-
mery on the 31st ultimo, between the hours of five and
seven in the morning, after a pievious disposition of his
small army, made two attacks upon the lower town under
a feigned one upon the upper. The feint was conducted
by one Capt. Brown, with 94 men ; one of the real attacks
by the General himself, at or below Cape Diamond, with
466 men ; the other by Colonel Arnold, with the men he
brought with him by the way of Kennebec, and Lamb's
artillery company, amounting to 560 men, through St.
Roque's at the other end of the town. The general forced
his way through the first piquet or barrier without receiving
a shot ; at the next, which if he had also forced, would
have given him a free passage into the town, he was re-
ceived with a heavy fire of musketry and two field pieces,
which caused his troops to fall back in disorder ; the Ge-
neral, while he was endeavouring to rally these dastardly
scoundrels, received his coup de grace, as did also his aid-
de-camp, McPherson and Capt. Cheesman of my regi-
ment. Thus fell our worthy and brave general — weep Ame-
rica, for thou hast lost one of thy most virtuous and bravest
sons ! When the General was missing, though the surviv-
ing officers exerted themselves to the utmost, they found
it in vain to attempt bringing the men to a charge, which
induced Col. Campbell to bring them off. Col. Arnold, with
his party, passed through St. Roques and approached near
a two gun battery well piqueted in without being discover-
ed ; his men forced the piquets and carried the battery,
after an hour's resistance ; in the attack the colonel was
shot through the leg and was obliged to be carried off.
After gaining the battery, his detachment pushed on to a
second barrier running from Limeburners' wharf, in the
lower town, which they possessed themselves of, where
they now maintain themselves in the houses, without any
possibility of being supported — so that they must either
carry the lower town, be made prisoners, or be cut to
pieces.
This sir, is all the account we have hitherto received of
this disastrous event. We are momentarily under the ut-
most anxiety of mind, expecting to hear the fate of these
brave men — God grant it may be happy !
Our misfortune is in a great mea.sure owing to the anxi-
ety some of the troops were under of returning home —
they having declared (Arnold's men) that they would re-
main no longer than to the first of this month, for which
time they were engaged, which obliged the General to pre-
cipitate matters and to change his intended mode of attack,
which was, to have attacked the upper and lower town at
the same time, the main attack to be upon the upper, which
it was impossible for him to effect at that juncture, from
the notice the enemy had of his intention, by deserters from
us. This I trust will be a warning to America, not to en-
list men for any limited time, but for so long time as they
shall be wanted. No man but one in the service, can be
sensible how fatal this limitation of time is to all military
operations : before the soldiers can be in any wise disci-
plined, their term of service is expired ; and as that ap-
proaches, they become mutinous and disobedient. I will
venture to say, that unless a change takes place in this re-
spect, America must fall a sacrifice to her enemies — with-
out discipline, no obedience ; without obedience, no duty ;
in short, discipline gives confidence, and is the very soul
of an army.
Two months have now elapsed since we have had the
least intelligence from the southward. General Montgo-
mery, before he set out for Quebec, acquainted the Conti-
nental Congress and hi.s friends in New-York with our then
miserable situation: the troops in general going home —
those who remained, naked and without clothing, and not
a farthing to pay them with. I myself, at the General's
instance, acquainted Colonel McDougall with our weak
state, and pressed him with all the rhetoric I was master
of, to exert himself to tlie utmost : that we not only liad
money sent us to pay the troops, but men to reinforce our
134
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
different garrisons and augment the army. Our few Eng-
lish friends have been stripped of their money and goods
to clothe the men and pay them their wages in part. French
friends to assist us, we have none — the peasantry are in
general at present for us, but I believe from no other mo-
tive than that we are the strongest side; some few may be
attached to us from principle ; sure I am the majority are
not, and would on the least reverse, as soon take arms
against as for us. We are now in a wretched plight — our
excellent General dead and defeated ; a great probability
that the flower of his army is cut to pieces ; our garrison
weak and feeble, not able to spare a man for the assistance
of our friends ; the soldiers mutinous and with little disci-
pline, not a sous to pay them with, which makes them so,
and shall I say it, no one capable to command them ! For
God's sake, sir, exert yourself. I have exaggerated no-
thing; let us have men and money, otherwise by Heavens,
Canada is lost. Cast about for a general to command us —
he must be a military man, of sound intellects and an affa-
ble deportment. General Lee, in my opinion is the man.
I speak my sentiments freely, I mean to give no offence,
ror to attack the character of any gentleman ; but what I
say, proceeds from a real regard for the welfare of my
country.
I have more to write, but as the express is going off, I
am obliged to stop. Pray be so kind as to remember me
to my father, and acquaint him that I continue in health;
desire him if there is no probability of a peace, that he
give up my house.
I am, sir, with esteem, your humble servt,
RUDOLPHUS RITZEMA.
P. S. Though I have taken the liberty of addressing
these lines to you, I shall be glad if you would communi-
cate it to our friends in Congress.
[A letter from Egbert Benson, chairman &c. informing that they have
committed Timothy Doughty again to Ulster county goal.]
Rhinebeck precinct, )
Dutchess county, Jan. 29th, 1776. ^
The committee of this precinct having been informed
that Timothy Doughty, notwithstanding his promise to the
Congress upon his dismission, on the 20th Oct. last, that
he would demean himself in a peaceable and orderly man-
ner, hath since declared his intentions to join the Ministe-
rial troops in the spring, and in other respects testified a
disposition still inimical to the cause of liberty, have or-
dered him to be apprehended and confined until the pleasure
of the Congress shall be known.
Not only from the disaffection of the county, but as there
will be an election at Poughkeepsie on Tuesday next, and
a vast number of people necessarily assembled, we thought
it prudent to commit him to the goal in Kingston.
I am directed to inform you of this matter with a request
that you will please to lay it before the Congress, and ac-
quaint them that we can furnish them with the most am-
ple proofs against Mr, Doughty.
I remain, your most obedt. servt.
By order of the committee.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New-York.
[A bond for the appearance of Samuel Clowes]
We, Samuel Clowes and John Polhamus, do acknow-
ledge ourselves to be indebted to Col. Nathaniel Heard, in
the sum of five hundred pounds, New-York money, to be
paid to the said Nathaniel Heard, his executors, adminis-
trators or assigns, and for the payment thereof we bind our-
selves jointly and severally, and our heirs, firmly by these
presents, to the said Nathaniel Heard. Sealed with our
seals, dated this twenty-ninth day of January, 1776.
The condition of this obligation is such, that if the above
said Samuel Clowes shall, and do surrender himself up to
the said Nathaniel Heard, at Jamaica, in Queens county,
on Tuesday the 30th instant, then the above obligation to
be void, otherwise in full force.
S. CLOWES,
JOHN POLHAMUS.
Sealed and delivered in the >
presence of y
Ay. Dunham,
JnO. KlSSAM.
[A letter from Col. Livingston, in answer to ours, relative to casting
great guns and shot.]
Manor Livingston, 5tk Feb. 1776.
Sir — Your letter of the 2.5th ultimo, did not come to my
hands before this morning, and am now sat down to an-
swer it.
I intend, please God, my furnace shall begin her blast
early in April ; sooner, it would be inconvenient for want
of pasture, as I have but a month's stock now on the spot
to work upon, and can not cart ore or coal before middle of
May, for want of grass, so that should I begin sooner, it
would be almost impossible to continue the blast, conse-
quently very delrernental to my interest. We have cast
great quantities of shot for the army last war, but no great
guns ; this we can do, but whether we can cast great guns
I dare not take upon myself to determine. The hearth of
my furnace lies low, I fear there is not sufficient depth of
earth between the surface and the bottom of the creek, if
the guns are to be cast on one end.
As I am entirely as tranger to the casting of ordnance,
and desirous of assisting my country in any thing in my
power, I wish the gentlemen of the Committee of Safety, if
they think it the interest of the community, to send up pro-
per and skilfull men who are acquainted, and had experi-
ance in casting and moulding of guns, for I have none such,
to examine my conveniences ; if approved of, my furnace
and stock shall be at their service on reasonable terms, for
I know not how to fix a price. My metal is good, per-
haps the best in America. I cannot be more particular at
present.
I am, respectfully, sir.
Yours, and the committee's, most hum. servt.
ROBT. LEVINGSTON.
To Mr. Soseph Hallitt.
[A letter from Genl. Schuyler, with his reasons why a paymaster will
not be any convenience to the Congress or Committee at New- York.]
Albany, January 25th, 1776.
Sir — I am honoured with your letters of the 11th and
17th instant. Your observations in the first respecting the
paymaster, appear to me to be founded in error. The
paymaster-general's duty is to receive money from the
treasury, and to issue that money upon my warrant, he has
it not in his power to issue a single farthing without such
a warrant, so that if he was with you, you would be under
the necessity of an equal trouble in the applications, and I
could only grant money for expenditures immediately con-
nected with the army. Hence you see that the attendance
of such a paymaster at New- York would avail you little.
The resolutions of Congress, copy of which you en-
closed in yours of the 17th, I had already before received
from Mr. Hancock. By the resolutions respecting the
provisions and stores to be sent to Fort George, I cannot
believe Congress intended any thing more than that you
should supply me with what I might want, on application.
The almost impossibility of sending a large quantity from
New- York to Fort George at this season will countenance
this construction.
The resolutions for sending up shipwrights to build bat-
teaux, appears to me to have proceeded from a want of in-
formation. I have requested Congress to countermand
this order, and have given the following reasons : " That
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
135
one Albany shipwright will do nearly as much at that kind of
work as two that are not accustomed to it, and I can also
make them work early and late, which the others will not,
besides there will be great saving in the travelling
charges." You will, therefore, please not to send me any
until I apply for them. I can easily conceive that it is very
difficult at New-York for artificers to procure a subsistence
for their families — the like difficulty prevails here.
I shall write to Congress by this post respecting the bat-
teaumen. Before your letter came to hand I conceived
that I was to have issued orders for engaging them.
I expect soon to hear from Congress on the subject of
the naval department, and shall then, unless I am ordered
otherwise, apply to you for seamen.
Be assured sir, that I shall at all times with the greatest
alacrity consent to any requisition you may be pleased to
make, provided I can do it consistent with my duty, be-
yond that I know you will never wish me to go.
I am, sir, with the most respectful sentiments.
Yours and the committee's,
Most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety, N.York.
[A letter from Henry Remsen, Chairman of the Committee of the city
of New- York, stating that a person wants to sell rum to Capt. Van-
deput, and Serle wishes to see the Governor.]
Wednesday Morning.
Sir — I have this morning had an application for a per-
mit to send on board the Asia two hogsheads of spirits,
two dozen of coffee and one dozen of chocolate. I beg
leave by your means to receive the sense of the Committee
of Safety on this matter, to serve as a guide on future
applications of the same nature.
A Mr. Serle applied last evening to the city committee for
a pass to go on board the Dutchess of Gordon, under pre-
tence of procuring a patent of lands, but on examining him,
he discovered an intimate knowledge of Colo. Warren's
proceedings in raising men to march into Canada, and the
proceedings of the townships in the northern parts of this
and Boston governments. He is to call for an answer this
day, and many of our committee were of opinion that it
was not advisable to grant him a permit, without leave from
our superiors,
I am, respectfully, sir.
Your most obedt. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
P. S. Being detained by several people, I cannot wait
on you in person.
To Jos.Hallet, Esq.
[Letter from Lord Stirling, desiring 5,000 cartridges, fitted for his
troops, who are coming to New-York.]
Elizabeth Town, Feby. bth, 1776,
Sir — By the powder ordered for us by the Continental
Congress not being yet arrived at this place, I am under
the necessity of asking the favour of the New-York Com-
mittee of Safety to send five thousand cartridges (of the
size of the New-Jersey Provincial arms) to Paulus Hook,
to be there by ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
I am, sir.
Your most humble servt.
STIRLING.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
at New- York.
[Letter from Lord Stirling, relative to the trade of New- Jersey.]
Broad-street, New-York, Feby. 9th, 1776.
Sir — As I doubt not it will afford some satisfaction to
the Committee of Safety of New-York, to be informed
what steps are taken for regulating the trade of New-
Jersey, I now enclose you a letter I last nigiit received
from the President of the Congress of that Province, with
the resolves therein mentioned, which you will be pleased
to communicate to them.
I have the honour to be, sir,
Your most humble servant,
STIRLING.
To the President of the Committee of Safety
New- York.
[Resolves of the New- Jersey Congress for regulating the trade of
New- Jersey.]
In Provincial Congress, New-Jersey, >
New-Brunswick, Feby. bth, 1776. j
On motion made.
Resolved unanimously, That all county or town commit-
tees within this Province, exert themselves to prevent any
vessel within their general districts, taking in any lading, or
departing therewith, from any port in this Province, con-
trary to the general association of the Continental Congress,
unless the master of such vessel produce a special Hcense
therefor, duly authenticated from said Congress, agreeably
to a subsequent resolve thereof, or from the Congress or
Committee of Safety of this Province, signed by the Pre-
sident or the Vice-President ; and also, particularly attend
to all imports into this Colony, that the resolutions of the
Continental Congress be duly observed ; and that the mi-
litia of this Province do give all necessary assistance to
said committees in their exertions above mentioned, when
called upon for that purpose. And it is hereby recom-
mended to the officers of the Continental troops, who are
or may be in this Colony, also to assist in the above mea-
sures, when thereto particularly requested by the commit-
tees aforesaid. And it is further.
Resolved, That no county or town committee within
this Province, presume to grant any license or permit for
the exportation of any produce, provisions, lumber or mer-
chandise whatsoever, contrary to the aforesaid general as-
sociation ; and that a copy of the foregoing resolves be
immediately transmitted to the printers at New-York and
Philadelphia, to be inserted in the public papers.
A true copy.
WM. PATERSON, Secy.
In Provincial Congress, New-Jersey, )
Feby. bth, 1776. \
My Lord — This Congress have before them your
Lordship's several letters relative to vessels exporting pro-
duce and lumber from this Colony, and have come to the
enclosed resolutions thereon, which are designed to be im-
mediately published.
The Congress and Committee of Safety of this Pro-
vince have licensed several vessels to carry out produce,
on security having been given to return the amount of nett
proceeds thereof in military stores, particularly the vessel
mentioned as loading in Longfield's creek; but none of
the others you mention have such licenses. The one at
Amboy, being under very singular circumstances, will, with
others loading without permits, be particularly attended to
by this Congress as soon as convenience admits.
We can not help observing that your Lordship's infor-
mation came from two of the New-York Delegates, who,
by a clause in one of your Lordship's letters, appear to
have licensed several vessels in New- York to export pro-
duce ; the legality of such license, it is not necessary for
this Congress at present to make any observation upon.
Your Lordship hath tiie thanks of this Congress for
your attention and trouble in the several matters mentioned
in your letters.
I am, my Lord,
Your Lordship's most obedt. servt.
By order of the Congress.
SAM. TUCKER, President.
136
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Wm. Smith, Chairman of Suffolk County Committee, with
with return of minute and artillery olficers, and praying that some of
them may be provided with arms.]
Suffolk county, Janry. 24, 1776.
Gentlemen — In pursuance to your order we have ap-
pointed the field officers for the minute men in this county,
and also the officers for the artillery company, which com-
panies we trust will be some security to this county. At
the same time this committee beg leave to mention that
the militia of this county but little exceeds two thousand.
The great exposedness of the east end, and the extensive-
ness of the county, induces us to desire such number of
Continental troops may be stationed here as the Congress
in their wisdom shall judge necessary. We make no doubt
the Continent proposes to protect and defend this island,
and hope you will use your endeavour that a sufficient
force may be posted here for that purpose.
We have a number of poor men in this county who are
good soldiers and friends to the cause, and would be glad
to enlist as minute men, but have no guns. We should
be glad to know if a number can be procured at the public
expense for such persons as are unable to purchase them.
The situation of this county, in many parts, makes it
extremely difficult to raise and train the minute men. They
complain that they are not sufficiently paid, considering
the great distance they are obliged to travel ; many, eight,
ten and twelve miles, and that on foot, to exercise. The
officers also, on the same account, are at considerable ex-
pense, besides the expense of raising their companies, and
pray they may be considered.
By order of the committee.
WM. SMITH, Chairman.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress in New-York.
A list of the Officers of the Minute Men approved and
chosen by the County Committee.
Officers of the .Artillery .
William Rogers, captain.
John Franks, captain-lieutenant.
Jeremiah Rogers, 1st lieutenant.
Thomas Baker, 2nd lieutenant.
JohnTuthill, lieut. fireworker.
Commissions issued, dated Feby.
20lh, 1776.
Josiah Smith, colonel.
John Hulbert, 2nd colonel.
Isaac Reeve, 1st major.
Jonathan Baker, 2nd major.
Isaac Overton, adjutant.
£benz. Dayton, quarter-master.
By order of the committee.
WM. SMITH, Chairman
[Letter from Capt. Livingston and Lieut. Livingston, recommending
Arondt Van Hook as captain.]
New-York, Feby. Ist, 1776
Mr. Arondt Van Hook, gentleman of this place, lately
belonging to the independent company of fusileers, having
served as a private in said company and received his dis-
charge from the same, with intent, as he informs us, to
enter into the Provincial service as captain, we do there-
fore most heartily recommend him to the attention and
favour of the Congress, being fully convinced that from
the cheerful and unwearied attention which he has always
paid to his duty, and those mental qualifications of which
he is possessed, he will fill with honour the station for
which he solicits.
HENRY G. LIVINGSTON,
WM. S. LIVINGSTON.
[Letter from Arondt Van Hook, soliciting a captaincy in the troops to
be raised.]
February 2nd, 1776.
Gentlemen — Having been active in discipline from the
earliest period in which it was thought expedient to call us
forth in defence of our country, and willing to be as exten-
sively useful as possible at this time of embodying more
troops, am induced to deliver in my name to the House for
a captaincy, and am led to hope that the letter recommen-
datory, put into the hands of Joseph Hattet, Esqr. will be
a strong motive to induce the Honourable House to grant
ray request.
I am, gentlemen.
With the greatest deference,
Your obedient iible. servt.
ARONDT VAN HOOK.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
[A letter from Colo. Jos. Drake, informing of his having apprehended
Josiah Burwell, Thos. Haines and Isaac Gedney, prisoners.]
January 31st, 1776.
Sir — I received yours per express yesterday. Last
night sent and apprehended Josiah Burwell, Thos. Haines
and Isaac Gidney, whom I have sent forward to you under
guard. The others have not been apprehended yet, but
shall endeavour to have them secured if possible.
I am, sir, your very humb. servt.
JOSEPH DRAKE.
To Joseph Hallett, Chairman of the Committee
of Safety for the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Egbert Benson, Esqr. chairman of the Dutchess county
committee, returning the names of officers for three companies in the
four new regiments to be raised.]
Dutchess County Committee, >
February 8lh, 1776. 5
Gentlemen — In compliance with a letter from the Com-
mittee of Safety, 26th ultimo, this committee proceeded to
deliberate on every part of your directions respecting the
four regiments to be raised, and in Continental pay, for the
defence of this Colony, and are of opinion that (notwith-
standing here are now in this county six recruiting officers
in the service of the Continent, viz. Capts. Billings, Rose-
krans and Graham, and Lieuls. Burten and Doty, and En-
sign Johnson,) we shall be able to complete three compa-
nies ; accordingly we have with the utmost caution and
circumspection, recommended the following gentlemen, in
the different precincts, as proper officers for this most es-
sential service, viz. William Barker, captain ; John Lloyd,
1 stlieut.; Nathaniel Mead, 2d lieut.; John Punderson, ensign ;
Abraham Swartwout, captain ; John Durling, 1st lieut.; Eli
Pearson, 2d heut. George Brooks, ensign ; Nathan Pearce,
Junr. capt. Joshua Barnum, 1st lieut.; Josiah Crosby, 2d
lieut.; Thomas Oslrander, ensign. At the same time, we
could wish to have complied more particularly with the
tenor of your directions respecting the advice of our de-
puties, which we would most readily have done, had we
had the opportunity of procuring their attendance. The
latter part of your respectable favour directs us to nomi-
nate two gentlemen for each office, that you may have an
opportunity of choosing the one you shall think best quali-
fied in this particular instance. We beg leave to observe
that the inconveniences to us appear insurmountable, and
therefore have thought proper to desist from the mode.
We remain your very humble servts.
By order of the committee.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
To the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
Gentlemen — I have received your order respecting the
admission of troops under Genl. Lee, into the barracks of
this city, and in reply must inform you that I have no au-
thority to give up the entire direction of them to the com-
mittee without orders from the General. In the mean
time, the troops are hourly expected, and as the within re-
quires that they should be put immediately under cover, I
shall, on their arrival, march them into the barracks.
This from yours, truly.
DAVID WATERBERY, June. Col.
Messrs Harrison and Lynch and Allen present their
compliments to the Committee of Safety of this Colony.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
137
They have received the order of their board, but are un-
der a necessity of informing them that they cannot under-
take that the troops commanded by General Lee shall be un-
der the direction of the Commiltee of the Provincial Con-
gress, as that would be to exceed any power lodged in them
by the Continental Congress. They cannot see the pro-
priety of their order, after the conference had by them with
Col. McDougall and Mr. Scott, and the opinion given those
gentlemen this morning.
[Letter from Wm. Elsworth, Esqr- Chairman of the Kingston commit-
tee. Ulster county, acknowledging the receipt of three prisoners sent
by Capt. Van Wyck.]
Kingston, January 27, 1776.
Gentlemen — We have received the prisoners sent to
us by Capt. Van Wyck. After perusing your letter and
orders, relative to the prisoners, we ordered a guard of our
grenadiers to take them, and sent them pursuant to your
orders, to our jail, where they will be safe, we think. In
any respect, where we can be of service to the cause of
American liberty, we cheerfully and willingly will do to
guard against the machinations, schemes and stratagems of
the common foes of the American liberty.
We respectfully remain, gentlemen,
Your most obedt.
By order of the committee present.
WILLM. ELSWORTH, Chairman.
Philadelphia, 30th January, 1776.
Gentlemen — We had the honor of writing to you yes-
terday, by Mr. Lynch. We now set down to say a word
or two respecting the case of Mr. Forster.
Sorry as we are that the privilege granted by our Con-
vention to that gentleman has led him into inconveniences,
yet the restraint upon exporting live stock is grounded upon
such solid reasons, and appeared so essential to Congress,
that we are persuaded it will be in vain to ask for a relaxa-
tion in this or any instance. We have consulted some of
our Congress friends, who are of the same opinion, and
have satisfied Mr. Forster that it will be to no purpose to
make the proposition.
We hope, however, you may think of some method of
putting it in his power in another way to make up his
losses, which will give us particular pleasure.
The other matters contained in that despatch, we shall
consider, and act upon with all diligence.
We have the honour to be.
With the greatest respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servts.
JAS. DUANE,
HENRY WISNER,
WM. FLOYD.
Honotirable the Committee of New- York.
Newburgh, 25th January, 1776.
To the Honourable Committee of Safety for the Province
of Neiv-York.
Gentlemen — The convention for this county, at their
last session, passed a resolve that no person shall enlist
under a minute captain in any other town or precinct
within this county except that in which he resides. What
views the convention had in passing this resolve I know
not ; but the consequences resulting from it are already
too conspicuous to our damage. As it is the only means
whereby two minute companies now recruiting, (the one in
New-Windsor and the other in Newburgh precincts, can not
be filled up, as their former mode having been to fill up
their companies out of the different precincts in such man-
ner as to be nearest their officers, and most cotnpact and
handy for exercising their men, which in my opinion is the
most eligible ; and in that way the companies which are
already raised, and whose time will not expire until spring,
were filled up, and a considerable part of those companies
[Vol. II.] 35
made up out of the said precincts of New-Windsor and
Newburgh, so that the two companies now recruiting being
under the restrictions of the said county resolve, cannot ol>-
tain a competent number of men. And even suppose we
were just now setting out to raise minute men under the
limits of such a resolution, it would be most absurd in its
nature, as the number of the militia are more or less accord-
ing to the extent and popularity of the towns and precincts
and the fourth of the militia in some may not amount to a
company, and in others more and perhaps not quite two com-
panies, so that it is absolutely necessary that the minute
captains may raise their companies any where, (at least
within one militia regiment in which he may reside.) This
affair is likely to make much uneasiness, and had this not
happened, the companies would easily have been made out
without the disagreeable necessity for balloting, agreeable
to your late resolve, which will be a step that many begin
to grumble at ; for some say, by that means there is a com-
pulsion on men who are disaffected to the cause, as well
as to such other persons as the circumstances of their fa-
milies, &c. may render it disagreeable to be obliged to turn
out, and acts of restraint ought, if possible, to be avoided.
I must therefore beg you will take the premises into
your immediate consideration, and should you be of opinion
with me that the said resolve is attended with the conse-
quences aforesaid, that you will be pleased, by a resolution
of your House, to counteract the same by a line to the
chainnan of the said convention, or by some such other
ways and means as in your wisdom you may judge best.
I need not remind you that the resolves of the county con-
vention and sub-committees within this Province are ever
subject to your approbation or disapprobation.
I beg leave to observe, with the utmost concern, that no
measures are yet going on for expediting our fortifications
at Puplopes Point ; the river being now frozen, so that the
timber for the barracks, Avhich now chiefly lies at New-
Windsor, may be carried in sleds down to Puplopes Point,
which is most necessary in order for a house for labourers,
and no better time than the present for collecting other
necessaries back in the woods and bringing them on the
spot in order for the fortification.
I am, gentlemen, with due respect,
Your most obedt. and most humble servt.
THOS. PALMER.
Honourable Committee of Safety.
[Letter from Genl. Washington, brought by Genl. Lee, and delivered
by Colo. Waterbury.]
Cambridge, January 8th, 1776.
Sir — Having undoubted intelligence of the fitting out
of a fleet at Boston, and the embarkation of troops from
thence, which, from the season of the year, and other
circumstances, must be destined for some expedition south
of this — and having such information as I can rely on,
that the inhabitants of Long island, in your government,
(or a great part of them) are not only inimical to the rights
and liberties of America, but by their conduct and public
professions, have discovered an apparent inclination to
lend a helping hand to subjugate their fellow citizens to
Ministerial tyranny, there is ihe greatest reason to believe
that this armament, if not designed immediately against
the city of New-York, is, nevertheless, intended for Long
island.
I have therefore thought it expedient to despatch Major-
General Lee, with such volunteers as he can quickly as-
semble, on his march, (for I have not troops to spare from
hence, if the distance and time would admit of it,) in or-
der to put the city of New- York in the best posture of de-
fence tiie season and circumstances will admit of.
To his instructions, which I have desired him to lay be-
fore you, I shall beg leave to refer, firmly persuaded that
your Honourable Body will give every assistance in their
power to facilitate the end of his coming, as there needs
138
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
no other argument than a retrospective view of the conduct
of the Ministerial troops in Boston, and the consequences
resuhing from it, to prove what a fatal stab it would give
to the mtercsts of America, to suffer the city of New-
York to fall into the hands of our enemy.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obi. hum. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Jonathan Blake, with Joseph Purely, a prisoner.]
Head-Quarters, in Westchester, January 31, 1776.
Sir — Colonel Drake having delivered Joshua Purdy
into our custody, I take this early opportunity of sending
him to New-York under a proper guard, which I hope
will meet with your approbation.
I remain, sir.
Your humble servt.
JONATHAN BLAKE.
To Joseph Hallett, Esqr. Chairman
of the Committee of Safety, New- York.
[A letter from Wm. Floyd and Henry Wisner, with money.]
Philadelphia, Jan. 27th, 1776.
Gent. — We send you, by favour of the committee, who
are going to New-York, 12,500 dollars, for the raising a
regiment destined for Canada. The other is for Mr. Lewis,
from the marine committee, which be pleased to deli-
ver to him, and you will oblige
Your very humble servts.
WM. FLOYD,
HENRY WISNER.
Also 129 dollars and four tenths, to be disposed of by
Mr. Lewis.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety, New-York.
[A letter from the Delegates of this Colony at Continental Congress.]
Gentlemen — The Congress this day received a letter
from General Lee, apprising us of his intended march into
New-York, in obedience to orders from General Washing-
ton ; favouring us at the same time, with a copy of your
letter to him on this subject.
As we perceived it was General Lee's intention immedi-
ately to proceed to your city, and that you thought such a
measure dangerous to the lives of the inhabitants, and in
other respects unseasonable, we thought it our duty to
apply for a committee of Congress to examine into the
expediency of the expedition, and to give such directions
as, upon consulting you and the General, might appear
most prudent and advisable.
Col. Harrison, Mr. Lynch and Mr. Allen are entrusted
with this important business, a choice which we approve,
having the highest sentiments of their humanity, patriotism
and judgment. We are well satisfied that every mark of re-
spect will be shewn to them by your Body, as well as by
individuals, not only on account of their great merit, but
because the employment in which they are now engaged,
immediately regards the safety and preservation of the ca-
pital of our own Colony.
We acknowledge the receipt of your favour this day,
respecting the scheme of protecting the navigation by
cruizers, at the Continental expense. When you are
made acquainted that this and other Colonies have engag-
ed in a similar plan, at their own Provincial charge, you
will perceive the proposition to be attended with difficulty,
as proceeding from us. The deputations from Congress,
will however, give you an opportunity of representing the
propriety of such a measure as is calculated to prevent the
supply of provisions to the fleet and army employed for
the enslaving these Colonies, and the necessity of station-
ing some of the Continental cruizers in the places you may
suggest. This will bring on the inquiry where such ves-
sels can most conveniently be had? arid your purposes may
be answered very effectually, as we are confident that
every thing which they recommend will have the greatest
weight with the Congress.
The several matters communicated in your letter by Mr.
Foster, will be answered by that gentleman when he re-
turns, which will not be till the beginning of next week.
We have the honour to be, with great respect, gentle-
men.
Your most obedient humble servants,
JAS. DUANE,
WM. FLOYD,
HENRY WISNER.
Philad. 21th Jany. 1776.
Honourable Committee of Safety of New- York.
[A letter from Colo. James McClaughry, appointing New- Windsor for
the place of rendezvous of his regiment.]
Little Britain, 23d Jany. 1776.
Gentlemen — I received a letter from the Honourable
the Provincial Congress, bearing date the 16th October
last, relative to fixing a place of rendezvous for the regi-
ment under my command, in case of an alarm. In con-
sequence of which, I called together all the officers of my
regiment, and have fixed the place of our rendezvous at
New-Windsor; but find on examination, that it is impos-
sible the men can appear properly equipped, for want of
ammunition. Therefore, request that a small magazine
be formed at the place of rendezvous, under the direction
of such persons as you shall judge proper.
I am, gentlemen, with much esteem.
Your most obedt. and very humble servt.
JAMES McCLAUGHRY.
P. S. Should have answered the Honourable Congress
sooner, of this matter, but did not receive their favonr
until the 24th ulto.
To the Committee of Safety for the
Province of New-York, in New-York.
[Letter from Jonathan Blake, at King's Bridge, with Mr. Valentine.]
The Guard at the Liberty Pole, ?
February 2%lh, 1776. \
Gentlemen — According to your desire, I have sent
down Mr. Valentine and son and journeymen, under a
guard of 7 men, and should be glad of a small reinforce-
ment, as the duty of the men is very hard on account of
their number.
I remain, with the greatest respect.
Your humb. servant,
JONATHAN BLAKE.
To JosKPH Hallett, Esqr. Chairman
of the Committee of Safety, New- York.
Elizabeth Town, Jany. 28th, 1776.
Sir — T received your letter of 25th, respecting the 100
stand of arms which you were to have supplied me with.
I shall lay the letter before the Continental Congress and
the Convention, which meets this week at Brunswick, in
hopes that some other means may be taken for providing
an equal number. A certain ship is lately arrived here
with stores, some of which perhaps may be of use to the
public service under your direction ; I, therefore, subjoin
a list of her cargo, in order that you may know whether
any part of it will be useful for that purpose. The ship is
about 100 feet long on the main deck, and will commodi-
ously carry 20 six and 10 three pounders ; W. R. is well
worthy of your confidence.
I have the honour to be
Your most humble servant,
STIRLING.
107 chaldron of coal,
100 butts porter, marked " Calvert,"
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
139
225 bags beans,
156 sacks potatoes,
10 casks sourkrout,
«0 hogs,
35 empty puncheons for water.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
at Kew-York.
[A letter from a sub-committee of the committee of Westchester
county, informing that they had sent Joshua Gidney, a prisoner, to
answer for spiking up cannon.]
New-Rochelle, 21th Jaiiy. 1776.
Gentlemen — We send you iierewith, under safe guard,
the person of Joshua Gidney, whom we mentioned in our
letter to you yesterday, which we doubt not you have re-
ceived. He has passed through an exatinination by us,
but will not give us the least information about the people
who were with him and Lownsberry, at the house of John
Gidney, though he acknowledges he was there with
Lownsberry. We think him guilty from his evasive an-
swers and obstinacy ; though we should be sorry that any
person should suffer innocently through our channel, yet
we think he deserves to suffer, at least, what he must in
being conveyed to you, and probably a great deal more,
for he said to us once, that he did not choose to discover
his companions — he did not choose to bring trouble on his
neighbours. It is needless to write what has passed in
every particular, therefore subscribe ourselves
Your very humble servants,
' JOSEPH DRAKE,
THEODS. BARTOW,
HENRY R. MYER,
ABRAM GUION.
The Chairman of the Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New-York.
[A' letter from a sub-committee of the committee of Westchester coun-
ty, stating that they have examined witnesses relating to cannon
spiking.]
January 26th, 1776.
A sub-committee of the committee of safety for the
county of Westchester, met at the house of James Besloy,
New-Rochelle, to wit, Abraham Guion, Esqr. Col. Jos.
Drake, Stephen Ward, Jos. Hunt, Henry R. Myer,
Theods. Bartow.
John Gidney, of New-Rochelle, yeoman — sworn and
examined, sailh. That on Wednesday, one day last week,
William Lownsberry was at his house a little before sun-
set ; went away and returned again late at night, he sup-
poses about 9 or 10 o'clock, in company with one Joshua
Gidney, son of Isaac Gidney, of Rye, and four others,
unknown to him the deponent ; and that they vvent from
his house, he knew not where, but returned about, or a
little before, daylight the next morning.
John Haynes, of the same place, yeoman — sworn, saith,
That on Wednesday, the 17lh inst. he saw the said Wm.
Lownsberry at the house of John Gidney, of New-
Rochelle, tavernkeeper, a little before sunset; he saw him
go away towards Mamaroneck. The deponent sailh he
afterwards, the same night, about 9 or 10 o'clock, met the
said William Lownsberry with five other men, all on foot,
in New-Rochelle aforesaid, going towards New- York ;
they all appeared to have handkerchiefs about their heads
and belts round their waists, over their coats.
Gentlemen — We also examined several others, but
could not discover any thing from them of any conse-
quence. We also despatched a company of men in quest
of Joshua Gidney, but could not find him ; but we believe
we shall be able to give some account of him before
many hours. John Gidney has promised to appear before
your Honourable House, if called for.
Wc are, gentlemen.
Your humble servls.
By order of the sub-commiitec.
JOSEPH DRAKE.
Chairman of the Committee 6f Safety
for the Colony of New- York.
[A letter from Colo. Jos. Drake, relative to persons suspected of spik-
ing the cannon, &c.]
New-Rochelle, Jany. 26th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Agreeably to your directions, which I re-
ceived 12 o'clock last night, I went with a number of the
members of the committee of this county and others, in
search of the persons named in your letter, but have not
had the good fortune to find them. The neighbours inform
us that Lownsberry's son and Jos. Purdy are both in town.
The first went down by land, the latter by water, in Floods's
boat. William Armstrong and William Sutton, both of
Mamaroneck, are both suspicious persons, and also in
town. We imagine they, with the two former, are there
to hear what transpires from Lownsberry, in order to fly
on board the man of war, if suspected. To prevent their
hearing information from this quarter, we send this with
all haste by Mr. Barkley, that you may take such steps as
you think best. We shall use our utmost to find out the
aiders and abetters of so diabolical piece of work.
And are, gentlemen.
Your very humb. servts.
By order.
JOSEPH DRAKE.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Lee, relative to his introducing Connecticut troops.]
Stamford, 23rd Jany. 1776.
Sir — Yesterday on the road I had the honour of receiv-
ing yours and ought to make a thousand apologies for not
having answered it immediately, but the circumstance of
being on the road, together with the necessity of finishing
some despatches to General Washington and to the Conti-
nental Congress, rendered it almost impossible. I should
certainly, sir, have apprised you of my march, had I not
concluded that you would have learnt it time enough from
the Congress. The letter I have from the General, direct-
ed to the chairman of the Committee of Safety, I was
ordered to deliver with my own hand. With respect, sir,
to the alarms of the inhabitants on the suspicion that my
business was, to commence active hostilities against the
men of war in your harbour, I can assure you that they
may be perfectly easy ; such never was the intention of
the General, and I hope you will believe that I never en-
tertained a thought of transgressing the letter of my in-
structions. The motive of the General for detaching me
was solely to prevent the enemy from taking post in your
cily or lodging themselves in Long island, which we have
the greatest reason to think, sir, is their design. Some
subordinate purposes were likewise to be executed, which
are much more proper to communicate by word of mouth
than by writing ; but I give you my word that no active
service is proposed, as you seem to apprehend. If the
ships of war are quiet, I shall be quiet; but I declare
solemnly that if they make a pretext of my presence to
fire on the town, the first house set in flames by their guns
shall be the funeral pile of some of their best friends ; but
I believe, sir, the inhal)itants may rest in security on this
subject. I am convinced, and every man who considers a
moment, must be convinced, that the destruction of the
seaport towns would, if possible, be a severer stroke to
the Ministry and their instruments, than to the inhabitants
themselves. The seaport towns are the only holds they
have in America ; they are considered as the pledges of
servitude ; the menacing destruction to them may indeed
be of admirable use, but the real destruction of ihem must
extinguish all hopes of success. In compliance, sir, with
your request, I shall only carry with mc into town a force
just strong enough to secure it against any designs of the
enemy, until it shall please the Continental Congress to
take measures for its permanent scctu-ily. The main body
I shall leave on the western frontiers of Connecticut, ac-
cording to your directions. 1 hope, sir, and persuade nny-
140
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. «Scc.
self that the committee and inliabitants can have no objec-
tion to this plan. If Mr. Tryon and the captains of the
ships of war arc to prescribe what numbers are and what
numbers are not to enter the town, they are absolute dicta-
tors to all intents and purposes. Tiie condition is loo
humiliating for freemen to put up with. You take pains
to assure me, sir, that your Congress and Committee are
not less zealous in the cause of American liberty than any
representative body on tiic Conlinerit. I give you my
word, sir, that this assurance was unnecessary. I am not
one of those who have entertained a bad opinion of the
virtue of New-York, or made it my business to asperse
them ; on the contrary I have condemned loudly the illibe-
ral, impolitic and unjust reflections I have heard frequently
thrown out. I should not have taken the liberty of trou-
bling you with the opinion, good or bad, which an unim-
portant individual like myself may entertain of so respect-
able a body as your Committee or Congress, had not this
particular paragraph of your letter thrown the temptation
in my way.
I am, sir,
Your most obedient and devoted servant,
CHARLES LEE.
To Feter Van Bnuoii Livingston, Esqr.
Cliairmaa of the Cominiitec of Safety.
Philadelphia, January 20th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have the honour of enclosing you sun-
dry resolutions passed by Congress, as well for the defence
of your Colony, as for repairing the loss lately sustained
in Canada, and succouring our friends there.
The shortness of the lime will not permit me to enlarge,
I must therefore beg leave to refer you to the enclosed ex-
tracts, and just inform you the Congress rely with confi-
dence on your zeal for the cause ; that you will exert your
utmost endeavours to hasten the march of the troops order-
ed to Canada, and those destined for the defence of your
Colony. Herewith I send you blank commissions for the
officers under the rank of majors, which you will please
to fill up. On the recommendation of General Schuyler,
the Congress have continued Col. Van Schaick, Lieut.
Colonel Yates and Major Gansevoort in the service of the
United Colonies, and appointed them to the command of
the batallion to be raised in your Colony for the defence of
Canada. And they have directed me, agreeably to an es-
tablished rule, to request you would please as soon as pos-
sible, to transmit the names of a number of gentlemen,
whom you shall judge duly qualified, at least two for each
command, out of whom they may elect field officers for
the other batallions.
I enclose you the commissions for the officers under the
rank of a major for the Canada battalion ; those for your
other battalions shall follow, as I am pinched for time.
I am, gentlemen, your most obed. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Hon. Convention or Committee of Safety,
New- York.
Philadelphia, January 12, 1776.
Gentlemen — The discoveries made of the designs of
your enraged enemies, fully evince not only the propriety,
but the absolute necessity of securing Canada, to prevent
our frontiers from desolation and destruction.
Providence has hitherto been pleased to crown our at-
tempts with success. But from the steps taken by gover-
nor Carlton, there is reason to apprehend, our enemies,
among their first attempts in the spring, will endeavour to
recover the possession of that country, as well to retrieve
their honour, as to carry into execution their e.xecrable de-
signs against us. I need not mention the consequence
that would ensue, should they effect their purpose, and
thereby be enabled to turn the force of that Province, as
well as the savages, against our defenceless frontiers.
To counteract their designs and prevent this calamity,
the Congress have resolved to employ nine battalions llie
present year for the defence of Canada. One of these is
to be composed of Canadians, under Col. J. Livingston,
who has so eminently signalized himself in the cause of
America. Two are to be composed of the troops now
serving there — an honour due to the merit of those brave
men, to have an opportunity of defending a country which
their valour has rescued from slavery. Three are to be
sent from Pennsylvania and New-Jersey, of which two are
now under marching orders. The other three are to be
raised to the eastward, as you will see by the enclosed re-
solution, viz. one in your Colony under the command of
Col. Van Schaick, Lieut. Col. Yates and Major Ganse-
voort, who, as General Schuyler informs Congress, are
desirous of continuing in the service ; one in Connecticut
and one in New-Hampshire.
As the arrival of the troops in due time will greatly con-
duce to the preservation of that country and baffling the
designs of our enemies ; and as the month of February,
which is fast approaching, is the best, and indeed the only
time before summer, of crossing the lakes, the Congress
rely that you will, according to your usual zeal, exert your
utmost endeavours to have the battalion from your Colony
raised and sent forward with all possible expedition.
I am, gentlemen, your obedt. humble servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Convention of New- York or Committee of Safety.
[A letter from the Committee of Richmond county, liaving become
whigs, have elected two Deputies to attend Provincial Congress.]
Richmond County, January 19, 177C.
Gentlemen — Whereas the committee for this county
have caused by advertisement, the freeholders to be con-
vened on this day in order to elect two members to repre-
sent this county in Provincial Congress ; acccordingly a
poll was opened for that purpose. Without any opposition
at the close of which it appeared by a majority, that Messrs.
Adrian Bancker and Richard Lawrence were duly elected
to represent this county in Provincial Congress, until the
second Tuesday in May next, which we hope will be agree-
able to the rest of that body.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obdt. and most humb. servts.
CHRISTOPHER JACOBSON,
LAMBERT MERRELL,
JOHN TYSEN,
PETER MERSEREAU,
GEORGE BARNES,
MOSES DUPUY,
DANIEL LATOURNETTE,
DANIEL CORSEN,
JOSEPH CHRISTOPH,
HENRY FERINE.
To the Committee of Safety in recess of the
Provincial Congress of New- York.
[A letter from Lord Stirline, wishing the muskets for his men to be de«
livered to Major De Hart.]
Elizabeth Town, Jany. 20th, 1776.
Sir — Your letter of the 17th, I have received. What
you mention with regard to the barracks, at New- York, 1
shall communicate to the Continental Congress.
The one hundred firelocks which your Congress have
been so good as to spare us, will be paid for by the Con-
gress of this Province, at their next meeting, the 3 1st of this
month, agreeably to an order of the Continental Congress,
of the 2d instant. Such of them as are finished, you will
be pleased to order to be delivered to Major De Hart, of
my regiment, whom I shall desire to call for them in his
way back from Long island.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
STIRLING.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
141
[A letter from Thomas Grenell, giving information of the present
slate of the fortilications, and the expense of finishing them in a
particular manner.]
Highlands, Jan. 19th, 1776.
Sir— I received yours of the 16lhinst. and shall endea-
vour to comply with the conienls. The foundation of the
intended battery was completed on Sunday last, the length
of which is 140 feet ; the breadth at the bottom, 12 feet ;
and at the top, is 10 feet ; and its height 4 feet onanaverage.
The materials are chiefly large rocks, from five hundred to
a thousand weight, and some much larger, filled in with the
largest stones it would take ; and the small vacancies filled
with coarse gravel instead of mortar, as that could not be
used in this season of the year. I had the misfortune to
have the first range of timber for the breastwork laid be-
fore I received your order to stop going on with the same.
With respect to the extension of the base to fifteen feet,
it may be done, if thought necessary, at a very small ex-
pense, as the materials are handy, and shall leave you to
judge of from the cost in wages of what has been done
already, which you have in the annexed account, with
the first charge of the timber and plank for the breast-
work and platform. The breastwork was proposed to be
three feet thick and well braced and trundled ; the height
will be suitable to the gun carriages. As to the magazine,
it still continues very damp, though there has been three
fires constantly in it for three or four weeks ; and I doubt
whether it will be fit for use this winter. The powder I
shall take all the care in my power of it, but am obliged to
supply the minute men out of our old stock, for they came
here without any.
I am, sir, your humble servt.
THOS. GRENELL.
I also mention that the intended battery is 714 yards
from the West-Point; and from Bunnshill to West-Point,
is 740 yards.
jln account of what charge the intended battery has in some measure
already been :
£. s. d.
The wages to workmen and labourers completing the line,
About, 20 0 0
To 12 inch square timber for the breastwork, 16,200 feet, )
Sleepers for platform, 2000 " S 66 12 0
Plank for do 4000 " )
First cost of the above timber, 6s. per hundred feet.
It may be finished by ten carpenters, we have here on the
spot, in about ten days, at 5s. 6d. per day 27 10 0
114 2 0
Some few other necessaries, such as deck nails and trundles, will be
wanted. „ „
T. G.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety, New-York.
Huntington, Jany. 12th, 1776.
Sm — ^We are to inform you we received the powder
sent over here by Col. Drake, but Mr. Smith has not yet
come or sent for it. As there is a number of commissions
wanting, please to convey them to us by the bearer, Mr.
Piatt, or some other safe hand, viz. John Buffit, captain ;
Isaac Thomson, 1st lieutenant; Zebulon Kelcham, 2d
lieutenant ; Joseph Ketcham, ensign — for the fourth com-
pany. Piatt Veal, captain; Michael Heart, 1st. lieutenant;
Isaac Dennis, 2d lieutenant ; Jacob Conkling, ensign — for
the fifth company ; all of the first regiment.
We are, sir, your hum. servt.
THOMAS WICKES, Chairman.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr. Chairman,
[A letter from Peter Livingston, excusing his non-attendance.]
Manor Livingston. 2d January, 1776.
Sir — I received a letter this day from three of the gen-
tlemen. Deputies for tiiis county, desiring my attendance
immediately at York, being appointed one of the members
for the Committee of Safety for this county during the re-
[VoL. II.] 36
cess of the Convention ; and am extremely sorry to in-
form you that the situation of Mrs. Livingston is such that
it is impossible for me to leave her — am very sorry it is so.
She is all alone here in a bad state of health, a large family
and no assistance near her. Her situation is such that I
can by no means leave her alone, and she has not strength
sufficient to undergo the fatigue of a journey with me.
Therefore, must entreat the gentlemen to excuse me till
such time as Mrs. Livingston's health will permit my leav-
ing her or bring her down with me.
Am sir, with great respect,
Your very humble servant,
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
To the President of the Committee of Safety
for the Province of New-York.
Elizabethtown, Jany. 12th, 1776.
Sir — As the Continental Congress have put me under
orders to march the two New-Jersey regiments in their ser-
vice, to the city of New-York, I must beg the favour of
you to request the Committee of Safety for that Province,
to provide for their reception and quarters, and that they
will be so obliging as to inform me when these will be in
readiness.
The one hundred firelocks which the New- York Con-
gress have promised to furnish for my regiment, I hope
are ready, and that they will forward them to me as soon
as possible.
I am informed that the enemies to American liberty are
very busy on Staten island, and that some dangerous move-
ments are now going on among them. My situation here
renders it convenient to me to disarm them, or to take and
secure such as may be thought worthy of so much notice ;
whenever it is intimated to me that such a measure is neces-
sary it will be executed.
You will see the absolute necessity of the utmost secrecy
being observed in all these matters.
I am, your most humble servt.
STIRLING.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety, New-York.
Philadelphia, 11th January, 1776.
Gentlemen — We are honoured with your favour of the
4th instant, requesting the permission of Congress to ex-
port a quantity of flaxseed to Ireland, for the purpose you
mention. However important the object, we are perfectly
satisfied that it will be in vain to expect an indulgence so
repugnant to the non-exportation system, and particularly,
to the motives of this article of our commercial restriction
which were thought to be very cogent. Not relying entire-
ly on our own judgment, we have consulted several of the
members, and find them so averse to the proposition, that
we despair of its being seconded by a single Colony.
We think it bad policy, and an humiliation of our respecta-
ble constituents, to ask, in their names, for what we foresee
must be rejected. Upon these considerations we shall take
the liberty to defer any application till informed of our
apprehension, we shall be favoured with your further
commands. If you should still incline to hazard the at-
tempt, we shall most cheerfully obey your directions.
We enclose you two resolutions of tliis Congress which
respect our Colony, and a third for the exchange of Lieut.
Tyley of General Wooster's regiment, now a prisoner on
board the Asia.
We are, with the highest regard, gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humble servants,
JAS. DUANE,
WM. FLOYD,
HENRY WISNER.
P. S. We also enclose you several resolutions of Con-
gress passed the 8lh instant, which we are directed to com-
municate since we closed the preceding letter.
To Honble. Coramiltc of Safety of New-York.
142
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
I A letter from Tryon county, stating that each of their Deputies may
represent the county.]
County Committee Chamber, )
December 27th, 1775. ^
Genttemen — In answer of several letters of yours re-
ceived to-day, concerning our Delegates wanting al your
House, we would immediately, williout delay acquaint
you, that in our meeting held on the 25lh of Nov. last,
Mr. William Wills, of Harpersfield, was voted as a Dele-
gate of our county, to represent us in company with Mr.
John Moore of your House, and we despatched him imme-
diately with his credentials therefor, and we doubled not
of his appearance in New-York on that purpose some time
ago. We have been informed that he went on his journey,
and must suppose that he might have arrived by this time.
But in case of the delay of such elected second Delegate,
we do hereby empower the said John Moore, if agreeable
to you, to be our sole Representative for our county at the
Provincial Congress, until we iiave certain notice of the
circumstances of the aforementioned late chosen Mr.
Wills. Also, if Mr. John Moore should be on his return
home, in the time when said Mr. Wills would arrive in
New- York at your House, we fully approve, that he then
might act in the same manner as the only one Representa-
tive for our county, until we shall receive further notice
thereby, and in case of such further want of the one or the
other, we will immediately cause a new voting again to
supply such want. We may assure you, that we are very
sorry to be the cause of any delay or disappointment in
your House, but hope to be excused for the true circum-
stances aforementioned, and besides, your letters came
very late to our hands.
We remain, with all esteem, gentlemen.
Your obedt. humble servls.
By order of the committee.
ISAAC PARIS, Chairman.
[A letter from the Delegates of New-York, at Congress.]
Philadelphia, 5lh January, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Congress has been so much incum-
bered with business that it has not till now been in our
power to write to you decisively on the subject of your
several favours ; indeed, the appointment of an officer to
command in the Highlands still remains undetermined,
though we doubt not the recommendation communicated
in your letter of the 8lh of December will have its due
weight.
We highly applaud the spirited, and at the same time,
respectful manner in which you have supported the digni-
ty and independency of our Colony, and demanded repara-
tion on the subject of the Connecticut inroad. An inter-
position so rash, officious, and violent, gave us great anxi-
ly, as it was not only a high insult to your authority, but
a direct tendency to confirm that fatal spirit of jealousy
and distrust of our eastern brethren, which has done so
much injury to our cause, and which every wise and vir-
tuous patriot should study to suppress.
The government of Connecticut, we are perusaded,
will not only do you the justice which you have required,
but adopt effectual means to restrain their inhabitants from
similar attempts in future. In this expectation, we shall
take the liberty to defer the application to Congress which
you direct, until we are favoured with a copy of Gover-
nor Trumbull's answer to your letter.
The enclosed resolution of Congress respecting the loan
of £45,000, on the credit of our Colony, will, we hope, be
no disappointment. It is, in our opinion, founded on good
reasons. The President would have justified every other
Colony in soliciting the like indulgence, which could not,
without the gross partiality have been refused. The faith
of all, must in every instance have been pledged to secure
the repayment, and consequently all exposed to the effects
of mismanagement aud want of economy in each govern-
ment. The quantity of paper money would not have
been diminished ; the sums thus borrowed must in the
course of the present contest iiave become enormous.
These objections, among others, operated so strongly
against the measure, that if we had thought ourselves at
liberty to exercise discretion, in the case of a positive in-
struction, we should have declined an application, to which,
in our judgment, we could not wish success.
The deputation from your Convention respecting the
fortification in the Highlands, was very proper and seasona-
ble. They have conferred with a committee of Congress,
and been heard by the Hou.se, and will inform you of eve-
ry thing which occured, so that it is needless for us to be
explicit. A copy of the resolution of the Congress will be
delivered to you by your Deputies, to which we have no-
thing to add.
Mr. Secretary McKesson has furnished us with a copy
of your resolutions respecting your Delegates. This ar-
rangement, or something similar we had much at heart,
as the constant attendance of so large a quorum as five
would naturally be precarious, especially when only that
number were in town.
The defection of Queens and Richmond, is much to be
lamented. A committee of Congress has that subject now
under consideration, and it will not be long before their re-
solutions on that head will be communicated to you.
We have the honour to be.
With great respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and humb. servts.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN JAY,
HKNRY WISNER.
WM. FLOYD.
P. S. You have likewise enclosed a resolution of Con-
gress respecting the enlistment of soldiers.
To the Honourable Convention
of New- York.
January 8, 1776.
Gentlemen — Although a certain day is fixed for the
session of Congress, which we beg leave to remind you is
the first of February ; and although we have no prospect
of a necessity of calling the Congress sooner, yet we have
abundant reason to request that the meeting may be as full
as possible on that day. We have already notified you of
the dissolution of the late assembly, and of the issue of
writs for an election, returnable the 14th day of February
next.
From what you could not but have observed, the design
of government in calling an Assembly, must be extremely
obvious to you. Its evident intention is to take the sense
of the good people of this Colony, in what the Governor
calls a Constitutional way, on Lord North's motion and the
Parliamentary resolution thereon of the 20th of February
last. You will remember our late resolves on that head ;
should they have escaped your memory, we beg leave to
remind you, that on the 14th December, 1775, it was re-
solved as the opinion of the Congress, that nothing of a
salutary nature can be expected from a separate declaration
of the sense of this Colony on the aforesaid Parliamentary
resolution ; and that as the motion whereon the same was
grounded was confessedly framed to disunite the Colonies,
it would be highly dangerous to, and totally inconsistent
with the glorious plan of American Union, should this Co-
lony express their separate sense on the supposed concilia-
tory proposal on the part of Great Britain, contained in the
above mentioned motion and resolution in Parliament ; and
that on the same day it was resolved in Congress, that this
Colony is fully and effectually represented in the Conti-
nental Congress, for the purpose of expressing the sense
of its inhabitants on any overtures for a reconciliation ; and
that the Continental Congress has fully and dispassionately
expressed the sense of the inhabitants of this Colony on
the above mentioned resolution of the 20lh of February
last.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS.&c.
143
The above resolves we cannot suffer to be rescinded by
any body of men in tliis Colony, without betraying the
high trust reposed in us. What members we shall have
relumed in Assembly we know not, nor consequently how
successful the machinations of the enemies of American
liberty may be, in procuring such measures in Assembly,
as may destroy that union of the Colonies, on the support
of which our common safety entirely depends.
That the session of a full Congress will effectually awe
a corrupt Assembly, should we be so unfortunate in that
representation, from interfering with political subjects,
must be extremely evident. And we think it of the utmost
importance to the public safety, that the Congress should
meet punctually on the day to which they are adjourned ;
to the end, that if government should, by any steps on
their part, compel our Assembly into those subjects, the
representatives of the people in that body, should take their
complexion from the Provincial Congress, so as to go into
a similarity of sentiments with those expressed in the above
mentioned resolution of our body. And for this purpose
you must easily perceive that a full session of all the De-
puties of every county in Congress, at the meeting of the
Assembly, will be absolutely necessary. For these rea-
sons, and as you value the inestimable blessings of liberty,
as you esteem the perfect union of the Colonies, under
the Continental Congress, as the grand representative of
the United Colonies, to be our only security in this dan-
gerous and important crisis ; and as you ardently desire
that a sameness of sentiment may prevail throughout the
different representative bodies in this Colony, we beseech,
■we obtest, we adjure you, by a just sense of your duty, by
your desire to promote the union of the Colonies, to the
utmost of your power, and by that ardent love which you
have for the liberties of America, that you meet punctually
in Congress, on the first day of the next month, that we
may take such measures as will be necessary to secure the
honour of the people of this Colony, and contribute to the
firmest support of the common cause, by assisting our Re-
presentatives in Assembly, to tread the path of union and
Continental liberty. Nevertheless, gentlemen, we mean
not that you should give so punctual an attendance, as to
prevent such of you from superintending the business of
election, whose presence in the country may be necessary
for that purpose : but we beg leave once more to express
the sentiment, that a full session of Congress at the meet-
ing of the Assembly, is of the utmost moment.
We are, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedient servants.
Signed by order, and in behalf
of the Committee of Safety.
To the Members of the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New-York.
[A letter from Sam. Stevens, requesting that the commissions for the
field officers of Cumberland county may not be issued.]
Charlestown, Deer. 18, 1775.
Sir — I am requested by some of the people of the coun-
ty of Cumberland to acquaint you, as Secretary of the
Congress of the Colony of New-York, that the mnjor part
of the inhabitants of that county are desirous that the Con-
gress do not make out commissions to any person or per-
sons in cither of the regiments of militia in that county
until a candid representation be made of the minds of the
people with respect to the several nominations and appoint-
ments made by their county congress and committee of
safety, except it be to those persons who were chosen by
the people of the several towns in June last, by order of
the county congress, when upwards of forty members were
present. They recommended that the county be formed
into two regiments of militia, for which purpose, ordered
that the inhabitants of the respective towns in each regi-
ment meet and make choice of one captain, one lieutenant
and one ensign in each town ; that the said officers should
afterwards meet and make choice of proper persons for
field officers of each regiment, which was accordingly
done, and the people in general as well satisfied as the
nature of such a proceeding will ever admit of. I suppose
there may be a few disaffected persons who expected to
have been chosen to office. The persons made choice of
in the lower regiment for field officers, were, viz. James
Rogers, colonel ; Eleazar Patlison, lieutenant-colonel, and
one Mr. Lovejoy, major. Upper regiment — Simon Ste-
vens, of Springfield, colonel ; Joseph March, of Hartford,
lieutenant-colonel, and Benjam.in Waite, of Windsor, major.
A return of this proceeding was delivered to Major Wil-
liam Williams, and by him to be delivered to the Congress
at New-York, that the commissions might accordingly
issue, if the choice were approved of by the Congress. I
understand that about fourteen or fifteen of the said Con-
gress met some time in September and made a new choice
of field officers, and left out the most of those fiist chosen ;
at which time they made choice of a standing committee
of safety, and then dissolved themselves as a Congress.
I am informed that at a meeting of the said committee
of safety about three weeks ago, consisting of fourteen
members, among other things, nominated another set of
gentlemen to be field officers of the militia and minute
regiment, so that if they are all commissioned, about one-
third of the men in the county will be officers. The two
last choices have created a great deal of uneasiness in the
county. I intend shortly to pay you a visit.
I am, sir, in haste,
Your humble servt.
SAM. STEVENS.
[Letter from Isaac Nicoll's relative to Capt. Hetfield's commissions,
and commissions for the field oflicers of the minute men-]
Goshen, January 3rd, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed you have the returns for officers in Capt.
Hetfield's minute company. By the date, you will un-
doubtedly perceive that justice has not been done to Capt.
Helfield, or his return would sooner been made, so as
to have it entered on the minutes before the 19th of Octo-
ber ; nor did Capt. Hetfield know the reason of the com-
missions not coming until the receipt of your letter to me,
and Mr. Clark's to Colo. Allison. Capt. Hetfield is so far
from making any disturbance about the affair, that he is
quite willing to accept of commissions agreeably to the
dale you mentioned, and desires you will send them by the
bearer ; on doing which you will grately oblige
Your humble servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
N. B. You will be pleased to send the enclosed return
back by the bearer, and commissions for the field officers of
minute men, if they can be made out.
To John McKesson, Esqr. at New- York.
[Letter from Mr. Joseph Hallelt to John McKesson, excusing his non-
attendance by reason of indisposition, and accompanying his ac-
counts ]
New-York, 3rd July, 1776.
Dear Sir — I this afternoon received your favour of the
30th ult. I should immediately comply with the request
of the gentlemen of I he committee, notwithstanding the
circumstances of my family makes it exceeding difficult
for me to leave tiiem, was I well. I have kept house up-
wards of three weeks, and at this time I am not able to
wear my shoes. Was I in town 1 could not possibly at-
tend the committee. It gives me pain to hear tliere is so
much difficulty in getting a quorum to do business in Con-
gress and Committee of Safety.
My account of the flour shipped for the use of the Con-
tinental army is made out. 1 sliouki liavc delivered it
when I was last in town, with the account of the cargo and
disburscmcnls of the sloop Bisliop of Landaff, but was
144
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
not able to get in all the bills of the latter. I have ordered
my clerk, Mr. John Lawrence, to deliver the account of the
flour to Col. McDougall or to you. As soon as I am able I
intend to be with you.
I am your obt. hum. servt.
JOSEPH HALLETT.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
New-Etrick, May 6, 1776.
Dear Sir — By Lieut. Docherty I send to your Excel-
lency one Peter Pillyoun, who was taken yesterday coming
from the Asia man of war. He was taken by Mr. Doch-
erty, who commanded the picquet guard at that time, and
will let you know the particulars.
From your Excellency's humble servt.
JAS. CHAMBERS, Lieut. Col.
To His Excellency Gen. Washington.
[Letter from Reuben Blomer, giving security for Lounsbury the
gun spiker.]
Mamaroneck, May 20th, 1775.
Gentlemen of the Committee —
I received by Col. Joseph Bull a copy of an order
of the committee for stopping payment of some money due
from Gilbert Drake to\Villiam Lounsbery on bond, which
bond was assigned to me with proper authority to receive it.
Gentlemen, be pleased to consider my circumstances in
that affair. I happened to be bound for Lounsbery as se-
curity in several sums of money, to the amount of five
hundred pounds and more, and by neglect had not taken
any securityjo myself; and after he was confined, I think-
ing myself in danger, applied to the committee twice for
leave to have a mortgage for a part of his estate, which
was not allowed, although my request was thought reaso-
nable. After he made his escape, I had an opportunity,
and I thought best to embrace it, and took a deed for a part
of his estate and this bond signed to me. I soon after was
arrested on his account, and in order to make payment,
wrote to Gilbert Drake to let him know where the bond
was, and that the money was wanted to discharge a debt
of Lounsbery's; which, instead of his discharging, it seems
was stopped.
Gentlemen, I intend to convert no part of his estate to
any other use than to discharge the debts I am bound for,
and am ready and will give an account of every shilling
that may come into my hands ; and I would desire the fa-
vour that you will either allow me leave to use his estate
to discharge myself, or that you will forbid any process to
be issued against me on his account, or I must be in a
worse case than the Israelites that were obliged to deHver
their tale of bricks, and were allowed no straw.
Gentlemen, I refer to your wisdom
I am your friend,
REUBEN BLOMER.
[A letter from Col. Ritzema, requesting pay for his men.]
Monday, 6th May, 1776.
Gentlemen — The daily complaints for the want of pay
of Capt. Hutchings's men, and their disorderly behaviour
in consequence thereof, gives me the utmost uneasiness,
it being impolitic to act en militaire with soldiers who
have large arrears due to them ; some of these men say
they have three months' pay due. Mr. Van Zandt directed
me to pay no moneys to Capt. Hutchings, as he had re-
ceived several sums at different limes from the committee,
besides £50 from me for blankets. As this matter, gentle-
men, is of the utmost importance, I shall be extremely
happy in your settling it without delay ; and if you have
been imposed upon or the soldiers defrauded, that the de-
linquent be punished with the utmost severity. If the fault
is in the soldiers they shall have their reward at the hands
of a court-martial.
The mustering of my regiment being put off last Satur-
day for the incomplete slate of Capt. Riker's company,
and the absence of Capt. Pearce, your direction respect-
ing the former, as the regiment is to encamp to-morrow,
and the General's desire of having it complete in every re-
spect, will much oblige,
Gent, your very humb. servt.
RUD. RITZEMA.
To the Committee of Safety of New- York,
Fort George, 6th May, 1776.
Sir — The contents of the enclosed inventory is deliver-
ed to Commissary James Lamb, of this place, to redeliver
to the executors of said Capt. Daniel Mills, of Bedford in
this Province, when called upon.
ELEAZER CURTIS, Major.
To the Secretary of the Provincial Congress,
New-York.
Kingston, May lit, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas the command of the first regi-
ment in Ulster county is devolved on me as colonel thereof,
I do hereby enclose you a state of the said regiment. As
to the number of men, and as to arms and accoutrements,
we may supply ourselves, and are near complete now ;
but ammunition very scarce, especially powder, for none
is to be had here. If your Honourable Board could pro-
cure a quantity of powder, and send it up to the care of
such person as you judge proper, to be kept and disposed
of to the regiment if necessity should require, with direc-
tions how and in what manner we shall answer for the
same, it would be satisfactory to the public, for we have a
general complaint for that article. And further, I must
acquaint your Honourable Board that the captain of the
troop of horse is promoted to the office of major of the
abovesaid regiment; and it is therefore necessary that new
commissions should be made out for the said troop, which
I desire you will do and send them to me ; to wit, a cap-
tain's commission for Salvester Salisbury, Esqr. ; first
lieutenant, Petrus Myndertse, Esqr. ; second lieutenant,
Cornelis C. Newkerk ; cornet, Cornelis J. Dubois ; first
quarter-master, James Roe ; second quarter-master, To-
bias Dubois. And also desire two commissions to fill the
vacancy of Capt. Mattys Dederick's company; to wit,
first lieutenant, Petrus Post, and an ensign's commission
for Thomas Van Steenbergh. Desire the commissions
may be sent by the bearer ; and your so doing will oblige
Your sincere friend and humb. servt.
JOHS. SNYDER.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
of the Colony of New- York.
Neu-haven, May 2d, 1776.
Sir — Your Excellency will please to excuse my writing
to you on a subject that it is most probable you will have ta-
ken up before this comes to hand; but as it is the business
of the Provincial Congress of New- York to first see that the
resolves of the Continental Congress are carried into exe-
cution, I must suppose your Excellency would not inter-
fere with them unless you should see an absolute necessity
for it ; and as it is a duty I owe to this country to use my
utmost endeavours to preserve and keep inviolate the laws
of Continental Congress, I must now acquaint your Ex-
cellency, that before I left New- York I heard many of the
tea holders say they would have a dollar per pound for
their tea, (if it should get to that, would it stop there ?) and
since I have been here, information has been given me
that some of the tea holders have begun to sell their tea at
8s. which has induced the tea holders in this Colony to re-
fuse selling their tea till they see what New-York intends
to do. I think it will be a very dangerous consequence to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
145
sell the tea higher than Congress has hmited it, for it
would lay a foundation for violating every law the Conti-
nental Congress has made and may hereafter make, when-
ever it suits the mercenary merchant to line his pocket
with cash ; and it is scandalous in the highest degree for
the merchant to sell the tea higher than the limited price,
for the Continental Congress has limited Is. 6d. per pound
higher than the tea holders asked for last fall, which pays
them a very large interest. And as to my part, I am en-
tirely satisfied with the price, although I have as much tea
by me as would advance my estate largely, were the tea
holders to violate the resolves of the Continental Congress,
for I make not the least doubt but they would soon get
20s. per pound for it. I had 39 chests in this government,
and since I returned from New-York, have opened the
sale by the small quantity, at 6s. New-York currency, and
sold about 10 chests ; but shall now stop till I see the
event of what will be done in New-York respecting that
article ; as, if there is not a stop put to the use of it, the
tea that I sell at the limited price may be sold by others
at 20s. per lb.
I am your Excellency's
Most obdt. and very humb. servt.
ISAAC SEARS.
To His Excellency George Washington.
Fort Constitution, 19th Maij, 1776.
Sir — As you expected, on my arrival at this post, that
Colonel Nicol would have given up the command and look
tipon himself as properly relieved by a Continental officer;
also, as many of the gentlemen of the Committee were
then of opinion that it would be too great an expense to
keep us both here, I must beg leave to inform you, that
Colonel Nicol does not think my orders from General Wa-
shington nor your letter to him, a sufficient reason for
leaving the command of these forts in my hands. I have
made no dispute about the matter, but have issued all ne-
cessary orders in his name, having first (as I thought it
most prudent) obtained his approbation of them. Though
I can not by any means say I approve of his keeping the
command, as he knows it to be disapproved of by the
gentlemen in Committee. He left this place about 4 days
ago ; I then wrote to General Washington that I had taken
the command, and made my returns, acquainting him with
our situation ; but he has since returned. We are fur-
nished with no arms yet from the committees of Ulster
and Dutchess, but expect an answer every moment. A
storehouse for provisions arid an infirmary are much want-
ed here. Our store will not hold provisions enough for 600
men one month ; it has in it now 250 barrels, two-thirds
of them are provisions belonging to Mr. W. Livingston,
and can not be dealt out at all, as they arc not purchased
by the contractor for these garrisons ; these 250 barrels
take up the whole store. The commissioners see the ne-
cessity of both these buildings, but do not care to under-
take them without orders. Our barracks are quite too
confined, even for the small number of men here ; should
a greater number of troops be thought necessary, we
should be much distressed for want of room ; the officers
are now obliged to huddle in with the men, sick and well
all together. It is quite impossible to keep up a proper
decorum, as all distinction is lost while they are, from their
situation, under the necessity of being intimate.
Major Schuyler will do himself the honour to present
this to you. I wish he could be continued with us, as our
officers are quite uninformed ; he is very intelligent, and
might be of great service to me in the management of
these posts.
Our men are getting the scurvy very fast, owing to their
not having been furnished with fresh provisions, through
the carelessness of the contractor's emissary at this place.
Fifty-eight arms just now arrived from the committee of
Dutchess county, most of them are out of repair and use-
[Vol. II.] 37
less. We are now in such a situation, that I should dread
the consequence of our being attacked by 100 well armed
men. From the situation of these posts, one would ima-
gine them too important to be left at the mercy of our
enemies. An exact map would convince, that should the
enemy get possession, they would not easily be driven out
again.
We are much in want of money to pay our men and
officers. As we have no quarter-master to our regiment,
I must beg leave to recommend to that office Nehemiah
Carpenter, now at Fort Montgomery ; he is honest, indus-
trious and a good accountant, and in my opinion qualified
for that post. I have put him on duty as quarter-master
till the pleasure of the Committee be known ; he began
to officiate the 13th inst. A sergeant-major would be
very useful to the regiment, though I do not know that
any provision is made for one in this establishment. I
have also, as the barracks were very filthy, prevailed on a
sergeant to do the duty of barrack-master, by no means a
useless officer. If you should think as I do with respect
to this matter, you would oblige me if you would propose
a provision for him.
I remain, sir,
Your most obt. humble servant,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Lt. Col.
N. B. Money and rum for the men are much wanted
here ; an allowance of the latter has always been made to
men on fatigue.
To Mr. John McKesson, New- York.
Richmond, May the 13th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed you have a copy of the conduct
of Mr. William Dunn, whom our committee recommended
to the Congress as a proper person to serve as a lieutenant
in the Continental company to be raised in this and Kings
county. We thought proper to send it to you, that you
might lay it before the Congress before he is commission-
ed. He has caused us a great deal of trouble and to no
purpose.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and most humble servts.
By order of the committee.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON.
Richmond County, May 7th, 1776.
On the sixth of this instant, the chairman of the commit-
tee being informed that William Dunn had apprehended
and put in jail Thomas Frost, high sheriff of our said
county. Upon which the chairman called the comtnitlee
to meet this day in order to hear the accusation which the
said Dunn had to allege against the said Thomas Frost.
The committee accordingly met this day and sent for
William Dunn, in order to hear what he had to allege
against Thomas Frost, high sheriff of the county of Rich-
mond, but the said William Dunn refused to comply. He
sent a messenger to inform the committee that he would
not appear unless the committee would send a proper guard
to guard him.
The committee then assured the messenger that Mr.
Dunn would be very safe in coming and going, that no
person should molest him. But the messenger (Mr. John-
son) replied that Mr. Dunn did not choose to trust to honour,
and would not appear without a guard. Tlie committee
then agreed to send for Capt. Scoby to request him to get
a guard and go to Mr. Jacob Rezcau's house, where Mr.
Dunn was, and to conduct the said Dunn safe to the com-
mittee.
Capt. Scoby accordingly went out in order to get his
guard. But before the guard was ready, Capt. Scoby
went in person to Mr. Dunn, acquainting him that the com-
mittee had ordered him to come with a guard to conduct
146
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
him to the committee, but he thought it needless, and that
if Mr. Dunn would come with him, the said Scol)y, he
would see him safe to the commillce ; which the said
Dunn agreed to and appeared before the committee. On
being asl^ed by the chairman what reason he had for appre-
hending and taking Thomas Frost and putting him in jail,
and by what authority he made himself master of the jail
by taking the key of said jail into his custody ? To which
the said Dunn replied, that he would give no reason, enter
no complaint, nor come to trial before this committee ;
and added, that he had sent to Amboy for assistance to
carry the said Thomas Frost there to have his trial, and
expected the assistance to be here very soon, and then
withdrew himself.
The committee then agreed to wait to see the event ;
but some time after the said Wm. Dunn on his own accord,
without being sent for, came to the committee chamber,
desired admittance and appeared before the committee,
informed them that he would now enter his complaint
against the said Thomas Frost, and said : That Mr.
Thomas Frost had advised one of his men to make his
escape and go on board the man of war, which he intended
to prove by evidence.
The committee acquainted him that he should produce
his evidence, that they were ready to hear them and come
to trial. To which Mr. Dunn replied that he could not
bring his evidence till to-morrow at one o'clock ; which
accordingly the committee agreed to, but requested that the
said Frost should be not any longer confined in jail. That
he should be admitted to bail for his appearance to-morrow
to have his trial, and that the said Wm. Dunn should im-
mediately deliver the key of the jail to the jail keeper,
which he the said Wm. Dunn at last agreed lo. The com-
mittee then adjourned until to-morrow, one o'clock in the
afternoon.
' Richmond County Committee Chamber, )
May m, 1776. S
Agreeably to the adjournment of yesterday the commit-
tee this day met in order to try Mr. Thomas Frost, for
what William Dunn had alleged against him. The said
William Dunn being sent for, appeared before the commit-
tee, and said that he could not come to trial this day on
account of not being able to procure his evidence.
The committee then requested the said William Dunn
to give in to the committee the names of his evidence, and
they would procure the evidences, which the said Dunn
refused to do, and said that he would be ready with his
evidences on Saturday next.
The committee then adjourned the trial of the said
Thomas Frost until Saturday the 11th inst.
Richmond County Committee Chamber, >
May nth, 1776. S
Agreeably to the adjournment of 8th this instant, the
committee have this day met and proceeded to the trial of
Thomas Frost.
John Williams examined upon oath, saith. That he was
the last sabbath day at Mr. Romer's tavern at the north
side, and that he saw there a man with a surtout coat on,
who encouraged him to go on board the man of war ; and
that he was told the man that was talking to him, with a
surtout, was Frost, but that he did not know that it was
the sheriff but by being told it was, and that he knew that
it was not Scoby the under sheriff, for him he personally
knew ; and that he went to the captain of the riflemen and
told him that he was accused for breaking open the jail ;
the captain told him to return back to the officer to whom
he belonged ; and that he had been that day very much in
liquor ; and farther saith not.
WilHam Scoby sworn, saith, That he was, on the afore"
said sabbath day, at Mr. Romer's tavern, where the said
Williams was, and that he did not see nor know that the
said Thomas Frost had been at the north side or tavern on
that day ; and that he did not believe that he, the said
Frost, had been at the north side that day ; and farther
saith not.
The committee then taking into consideration the accu-
sation alleged by William Dunn against the said Thomas
Frost, and it appearing to the committee that the said accu-
sation was groundless and without any foundation,
We do therefore resolve to discharge the said Thomas
Frost from the accusation and charge alleged by the said
William Dunn, and he is discharged accordingly.
A true copy from the minutes.
By order of the committee.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON, Chairman.
Jamaica, 2Qth May, 1776.
Sir — Since the 1st instant I have moved up here with
my family, since which I find the Provincial Congress, or
Committee of Safety, have passed an order for all persons
between 16 and 50 years of age to return to the city,
and none to be absent more than 24 hours, without leave
from their colonel. As by the rules and orders of the
Congress for regulating the militia, judges of the supreme
court and clerks of courts, (of which I am both a judge
and a clerk,) are excused from military duty, I think that
order does not extend to include me, as it is plain by its
confining it to persons between 16 and 50 years old, it
meant only such as were liable to military duty. How-
ever, to prevent any disputes upon that head, I should be
obliged to you if you would have it explained, and write
to me by the bearer.
I am, sir, your hum. servt.
WHITEHEAD HICKS.
To John McKesson, Esqr. New-York.
[A letter from the City Committee of New-York, requesting that
Hampden Hall be cleared.]
Committee Chamber, )
New-York, May 22d, 1776. $
Gentlemen — We have had repeated applications to this
committee to get the house called Hampden Hall, emptied
of sundry utensils belonging to the Continent or this Pro-
vince, which, we know not. The house being private pro-
perty, and Mr. Roorback being advised to remove them,
has apphed to this committee to procure a store for the said
goods ; this committee are in a dilemma how to act in this
matter, not knowing whose property the goods are, nor
have they received any powers (in their opinion) from your
Honourable House to provide stores for such purposes. They
therefore pray your particular directions on this subject.
And are, very respectfully.
Your obedt. humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. HARPUR, Dept. Chairman.
To the Hon. the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
[A letter from Lt. Col. Henry B. Livingston, at Fort Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, 22d May, 1776.
Sir — When I was last in town, I represented the ne-
cessity of having an armourer at this post to General Wash-
ington ; he desired me, if I could find a man capable of the
business to employ him. Such a man I have found ; he not
only repairs, but makes guns and bayonets ; but he says
he cannot carry on the business to any advantage, with-
out two other hands to assist him. If you should think
proper to employ him and two others, there are two who
understand the business very well, (soldiers in our regi-
ment,) one of them has a gun of his own make with him,
a very tolerable one. Should you not think proper to em-
ploy either of these men, vet there is a necessity for an
armourer's shop at this post, and I will be obliged to em-
ploy one to repair the arms sent here from the committee
of Dutchess ; they sent us about 56 stand, and only one so
much in repair as to be fit for service. The commission
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
147
ers at this post seem to be in doubt, whether their powers
extend so far as to erect any building they shall conceive
necessary without a particular order for every one, though
ever so much wanted. In consequence of this we are now
without an hospital, and our sick and well officers and pri-
vates are obliged to stow together in the same rooms, for
want of barracks. If you could prevail upon the Provin-
cial Congress, or the Committee of Safety, to remedy these
evils, you would much oblige me. I wrote you two letters
before, but as I have received no answer, I suppose you
have not received them. The bearer (Mr. Reader,) is the
man above mentioned, as an armourer. I could wish him
to be employed by the Committee or Congress, (as I re-
ceived only a verbal order from General Washington.)
He will agree about the terms with them.
I remain, sir, with al respect,
Your most obdt. humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Lt. Col.
N. B. Pray excuse this scrawl, as I am hurried.
To Mr. John McKesson, New-York.
[A letter from Col. Rudolphus Ritzema, for arms.]
Thursday morning, May, 1776.
Sir — From the universal bad state of the arms in the
army here, it is become impossible for me to have the
arms I have got in my regiment put even in a tolerable
condition by the Continental armourers. I have, out of
my regiment, collected six men, two of whom are very
good gunsmiths, for the purpose of repairing the arms. Mi.
Buys, the blacksmith in the Bowery, has offered me the
use of his forge ; but I want a few tools, such as a hand
vises, screws and planes. Mr. Abeel will not furnish them
without an order of Congress. Pray be so kind as to ap-
ply in my behalf for an order, that my men may go to work
immediately. Also for an order to Norwood for muskets.
McDougall's fortnight ends Saturday next. I shall dine at
Mariners, where you'll be pleased to leave the orders.
Yours in haste,
RUD. RITZEMA.
To Mb. Secretary Benson, Congress.
Neiv-York, ^Ut May, 1776.
Sir — Yesterday it was given out in general orders, that
General Putnam had received a letter from General Wash-
ington, requesting the colonels in the army here, immedi-
ately to provide colours for their several regiments. I
shall be glad sir, you'd be pleased to mention it to the Con-
gress ; and that directions may be given to Mr, Curtenius,
to provide a pair for my regiment, of such a colour, and
with such devices as shall be deemed proper by the Con-
gress.
I am, sir, your very humble servt.
RUD. RITZEMA.
Col. Elihu Marvin, Chairman of
Orange county.
Tuesday, 2 o'clock.
Sir — I wrote to you last week relative to an order of
the Congress, about the persons who had moved out of
town, which as I was exempted from military duty, I con-
ceived did not apply to me, and desired you would get that
explained, but I have not received any answer from you ;
as I am now in town, and shall go out this evening, I
should be glad to hear from you.
I am, sir, your hum. serv.
WHITEHEAD HICKS.
John McKesson, Esqr.
Gentlemen — I have called on you to know whether
there was a call for a company of horse or not ; and I
never have had an answer ; and if you think it is safe to
give an answer, please do it ; for since the country had
some talk of it, I could get a company by this time, and
can soon have them ready for service.
If there is a call for the oath to be handed out, and it is
expedient for all to swear, it is time that some did set about
it ; for the thing is still, and numbers have not, nor will
swear. And if they all are to do it, and you think proper
for it to be speedily brought to hand, I will call them to
swear, or put them under guard.
I should be glad, if you will, when you see what I want,
write a word whether you will or will not.
Gentlemen — I wish you would do one favour for me,
and give me a line, so that my fuller, that tends my fulling
mill, might stay at home, for the whole country is wanting
cloth dressed, and I cannot get any body to tend the mill ;
and if you will give me a permit for him to stay as long
as he can be at home, to take care of myself, I should take
it as a favour, for I have three mills, and if my millers
might be drafted, and I from home, and my mills stand
still, it will hurt the public as well as myself. I am wil-
ling to do as much as any man will, to help the cause.
So remains, yours to serve,
CORS. STEENROD, Captain.
To the Convention.
[A letter from Captain Jer. Wool, desiring to be heard concerning the
money makers.]
New-York, May mh, 1776.
Sir — As I have something of importance to communi-
cate to this Congress, concerning the prisoners now in cus-
tody for counterfeiting bills of credit, I therefore beg that
I may be heard upon that subject.
From, sir, your very humble servant,
JEREMH. WOOL.
To the President of the Provincial Congress,
in New- York.
May 3d, 1776.
Gent — I have no bed cases nor cartouch boxes, &c.
These articles are in possession of Mr. Roorback and Nor-
wood, who are not authorized to deliver any to my orders ;
therefore Captain Jackson will require an order on each of
them for what they want.
I am, gent, your most obedt servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
N. B. One bed case for two men is the allowance.
Messrs. Secretaries, please to remember when you make
out orders, that Norwood has the guns and pouches, and
Roorback the bed cases, and irons, trammels, pails, sho-
vels and tongs.
To the Committee of Safety.
New-York, mh March, 1776.
GeNTN. — A number of troops are arrived, and more are
hourly expected, who must be quartered in this city ; and
as I understand that many of the inhabitants, who have
quitted the town, have left part of their furniture in their
houses, I must request that you will give such directions as
you may judge best for securing the property of those peo-
ple, whose houses are or shall be occupied as barracks for
the troops.
And you will much oblige, gcntn.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
WM. THOMPSON.
To the Committee of Safety.
[A letter from Cnpt. John Grenell, stntini; that he will not be a
captain of artillery.]
Huntington, 27th March, 1776.
Sir — Was this day informed by Mr. Hobart, that Mr.
Crane is appointed capt. lieutenant of the company de-
signed for me. It becomes incumbent on me to inform
148
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
the Committee of Safety with my determination respect-
ing tlie appointment, (wliich thought I had done already,
by my letter to Genl. Woodhull,) but as that was not read
in Congress, must again say that I am so bound in the
nomination I gave the Congress, and that more especially
to Mr. Stoddard, wherein he was named for capt. lieute-
nant, that I can not in honour be released ; therefore must
repeat, that I cannot serve, and resign a commission that
I confess gave me pleasure, in the hopes of being service-
able to my country in a way that best suited my genius ;
but, however, doubt not some better man will easily be
found to supply my place. It may be asked why I refus-
ed serving ? The case was this : I was desired to look
out and nominate proper men for officers, which I under-
stood was a privilege given Capt. Lamb also ; and con-
cluded from thence that Congress meant to confirm tlie no-
mination, otherwise I should not have put any gentleman
to the pain or suspense of being so publicly rejected, and
thereby have avoided the situation am now in ; in conse-
quence of which, I gave Mr. Stoddard the fullest assur-
ances that he would be confirmed, and pledged my com-
mission to him for the certainly, otherwise he would not
have left Capt. Billings, with whom he was engaged as a
first lieutenant, and at the time about marching from N.
York to the northward, and was to commission his officers
at Genl. Schuyler's, which opportunity Stoddard has now
lost. The chance of raising a company here for that ser-
vice, is now over ; have turned my attention another way,
and perhaps may be as serviceable to my country as a pri-
vate, as I would have been in commission. Please to ac-
quaint the respectable the Committee of Safety, with my
determination ; and though I am not in office, my senti-
ments of the cause are not changed, in which I hope to
hve and die. Being with regard,
Sir, your hum. servt.
JOHN GRENELL.
Directed to Mr. Thos. Tredwell, New-York.
[Letter from Genl. Thompson, requesting 10,000 flints and two tons of
lead.]
Gentlemen — Please to give Mr. Hugh Hughes, com-
missary of military stores, an order for 10,000 flints and
two tons of lead, on the person who is entrusted by you
with those articles, and you will much oblige.
Your very hble. servant,
WM. THOMPSON, Brigr. Genl.
March 26, 1776.
To the Honourable Committee of Safety,
New-York
[Mr. Abraham Livingston requests passports for his drovers, going to
purchase cattle.]
Thursday, 4 o'clock, P. M.
Sir — Will you do me the favour to ask the Committee
of Safety for a certificate for my drovers, to go into Con-
necticut for fresh beef. If a number of troops come here,
I readily foresee a scarcity of that article, which is a very
essential one indeed, and cannot be had without a certifi-
cate. If a permit were given me to procure provisions
Avhere they could be purchased, it would save a vast deal
of trouble. In that case, I would get a number copied,
and you and Mr. Benson can sign them at leisure. But
as I have three drovers on the borders of Connecticut,
and one returned this day for want of credentials, must
request it as a particular favour, that you would facilitate
my getting a certificate. I would apply in person, but
am really ashamed, I have teazed them so much lately.
Your humbl. servt.
AB. LIVINGSTON.
P. S. You would oblige me by sending my contract
with the bearer.
[Letter from Richmond county committee, with return of field officers.]
Richmond county, March the Ibth, 1776.
Mr. President :
Sir — In consequence of a late resolve of the Pro-
vincial Congress, we have this day met, in order to no-
minate persons qualified to act as field officers in our mili-
tia companies, namely, Capt. Abraham Jones, first colo-
nel ; Capt. Cornells Vanwangcnon, second colonel ; Cor-
nells Courson, first major ; Jacob Mercereau, second ma-
jor ; Harmanis Garrison, quarter-master ; Nicholas Slil-
will, adjutant.
The above persons we return to you for approbation and
commission. We have divided our county into four dis-
tricts, and hope to return to you, in a short time, the names
of the captains and subalterns.
We are, gentlemen, respectfully,
Your very humble servants.
By order of the committee.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON,
Chairman.
To the President and Members of the
Provincial Congress, in New-York.
[Letter from Mr. Isaac Sears, stating that General Lee had sent him
through Queens county in pursuit of tories.]
^'ew■York, March 26th, 1776.
Sir — By order of Major-General Lee I was sent to
Long island on an expedition with a captain's company. En-
closed is the General's instructions for that purpose, where-
by an expense has accrued, and am informed that the Com-
mittee of Safety has refused paying that expense ; and if
they will not pay the billeting, it must be laid before the
Continental Congress. But I cannot suppose, when your
Honourable Board reconsiders the matter, they will hesi-
tate paying the expense, as it must at last be a Continental
charge.
I am your Honour's most obt. hum. servt.
ISAAC SEARS.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety.
[General Lee's instructions to Col. Sears,, requesting him to secure the
Queens county tories and send them to confinement in Connecticut.]
New-York, March 5th, 1776.
Sir — As I have received intelligence from the Com-
mander-in-Chief that there is the greatest reason to expect
very soon at this place a considerable army of the enemy,
it appears to me that I should be in the highest degree
culpable, that I should be responsible to God, my own con-
science and to the Continent of America, in suffering, at
so dangerous a crisis, a knot of professed foes to liberty
and their country, to remain any longer within our own
bosom, either to turn openly against us in arms in conjunc-
tion with the enemy, or covertly to furnish them with in-
telligence and carry on a correspondence to the ruin of
their country. I must desire that you will offer the en-
closed test to the people of whom I send you a list. Their
refusal must be considered an avowal of their hostile in-
tentions. You are therefore to secure their persons, and
without loss of time to send them up as irreclaimable ene-
mies to their country, to close custody in Connecticut.
Richd. Hulit is to have no conditions offered to him, but be
secured without ceremony.
I am, sir, yours,
CHARLES LEE,
Major-General.
To Lieut. Col. Sears, Dept. Adjt. General.
[Letter from Js. Duane, Esqr. informing that Mr. Wharton has con-
tracted to supply the troops in Pennsylvania at 7d. per ration.]
Philadelphia, 21st March, 1776.
Gentlemen — The bearer, Mr. Carpenter Wharton, is
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
149
commissary for the Pennsylvania troops. He supplies
tliem by contract, at seven pence per ration. He vi^ill pro-
bably make the same oflfer for the rest of the army in the
middle department; and unless others will be equally rea-
sonable, must be entitled to a preference, it being the in-
tention of Congress to have their armies supplied on the
easiest terms. He supports a very fair character in this
place and is well connected.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
With the utmost regard,
Your most obedient hum. servt.
JAS. DUANE.
Honourable Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Alex. Wilcocks, Chairman of the Committee of Safety,
Philadelphia, recommending marine officers to enlist seamen in New-
York.]
In Committee of Safety, i
Philadelphia, 10th March, 1776. i
Gentlemen — The naval armament that is preparing for
the defence of this Province requiring a considerable num-
ber of seamen, more than can be raised in this city, this
committee has thought it advisable to send Capt. Chas.
Alexander and Lieut. John Hennessey, two of the officers
of our armed boats, to recruit a number of seamen for the
naval service of this Province. The committee has been
induced to take this measure in consequence of information
it has received that there are a great many sailors in the
city of New-York destitute of any employment by reason
of the entire stop put to trade by the late act of Parliament,
and that there is danger that they may enter on board the
men of war if means are not taken to engage them in the
service of the Colonies.
This committee begs leave to recommend to your coun-
tenance the above mentioned gentlemen, and trusts you
will give them any assistance that may be necessary to
enable them to execute the business entrusted to them.
Gentlemen, your humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ALEX. WILCOCKS, Chairman.
To the Committee of Safety for the Province
of New-York.
[Letter from John Chatfield of Easthampton, stating that a fleet of
ships had been seen at Montauk point.]
Easthampton, March 22d, 1776.
Gent. — This day, about 10 o'clock in the forenoon, our
guard stationed at Montauk saw twenty sail of square rig-
ged vessels, (five of them appeared to be large) and two
sloops, bearing about SSE from the point of Montauk,
about nine or ten miles to sea; the wind SSE; the wea-
ther something thick and hazy; steering about NE by N
and sailed to the eastward of Block island, and I suppose,
by the course they steered, that they were going into Rhode
Island. This, gentlemen, is all the information we can
give you concerning them, as at about 1 o'clock they disap-
peared behind Block island, and they saw them no more.
As we are a frontier at the east end of Long island, and
are destitute of men to defend us, and have but little am-
munition, should be very glad if the Hon. House would use
their cndeavous that we may have some assistance.
We are, gent, your most obdt. humb. servts.
Signed by order of com. of Easthampton.
JOHN CHATFIELD, Chairman.
[A letter from William Powell requesting permission to go on board
the Phoenix.]
March 21 st, 1776.
Sm — Yesterday I made application to your Honourable
House for permit to go on board the man of war, and am
really sorry I am thus under the necessity of being trouble-
some. Ruin may be the consequence to me as an indivi-
dual— my property in the hands of a merchant of St. Chris-
[VoL. n.] 38
tophers, and in the vessel is all I have to subsist on. My
application to Capt. Parker is grounded on every circum-
stance that ought to induce him to let me pass, my wife
going with me ; myself an inhabitant of St. Kitts, as ap-
pears by my register ; a West India family with me ; the
vessel in ballast. On the other hand, my all at stake if I
am taken going from hence, or in the islands, unless I get
the permit. All which I humbly submit to your conside-
ration.
And, sir, vour most obedt. servt.
W. POWELL.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety,
New-York.
[Letter from John James Boyd of Staten island, averring that he is no
tory.]
Staten island, March 20th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have been informed there is a complaint
lodged against me in your House, the particulars of which
I have not been informed, but understand that it is drop-
ping expressions injurious to the country, and in favour of
Ministerial tyranny. You must know, gentlemen, that this
is the country that gave me birth, and for which I have,
and hope ever shall have, the tenderest and most feeling
regard — the country, for whose liberty I would step forth
with as much cheerfulness as any gentleman that has enter-
ed complaint to your honourable body — the country which
I always intended to risk my life in defence of her just
rights, for which reason I last week went to New-York in
order to see Mr. Lawrence and Mr. Bancker, and offer my-
self for a commission in the Continental service. At the
time when the people belonging to one of His Majesty's
transports, then lying at the watering place, came on shore
to plunder the inhabitants of this island, I shouldered my
firelock, and with the foremost marched to oppose them.
Such, gentlemen, has been my conduct, which in my opi-
nion is no ways inimical to the cause of America. For
the sincerity of my intentions and the truths here offered
to you, gentlemen, I appeal to Mr. Lawrence, who has
been intimately acquainted with my conduct and a great
deal of my conversation since the present unhappy contest
began.
Gentlemen, I shall esteem it a particular favour if you
would, by letter, acquaint me with the particulars of the
crime alleged against me, that I may be the better enabled
to vindicate myself against the aspersions thrown out against
me.
I am, gentn. your most obedt. humb. servt.
JOHN JAMES BOYD.
To the Committee of Safety of the city of New- York.
[A letter from Col. Curtenius, requesting money.]
March 21, 1776.
Gent. — Enclosed is an estimate of what the articles will
amount to, which you have given me orders to purchase.
I have no cash on hand ; should be glad if you will please
to give me an order on the treasurer for the amount.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. Besides the enclosed. Lord Stirling will ask of
the Congress to get intrenching tools, &c. made for ten
thousand men, which will take more cash.
Amount of Sundries I am ordered to purchase by Con-
gress, as per their order of the 26th February, 1776,
and sundry other orders, viz :
£ s. d.
27,52 hunting frocks, limited at 10s. M 1167 14 8
2752 felt hats, upon an average will cost about 6s. each, 82.5 12 0
2752 pair yarn stockings, from 4s. 6d, to 6». 6<i. say 5s.. 6SS 0 0
2762 pair shoes, at 8s 110016 0
Carried forward, i>1082 2 8
150 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
4082
2201 12 0
2908, at 3s.
436
183
1090
117
368 10 0
344 0 0
8 0 0
90 0 0
9 12 0
175 0 0
300 0 0
768 0 0
10080 0 0
27 0 0
216 0 0
1832 0 0
Brought forward,.
2752 pair blankets, at Ids
2752 canteens,
156 do for oflScers,
458 camp kettles, at 8«.
1566 carloucli boxes, 1122 being bought Mr. Smith,
at 14s
1566 gunslings, at It. 6d
2908 knapsacks, about 2s. 6d. each,
2752 tomahawks, ground, and handles, at 2s. 6d
32 drum cases, at 6s
32 drums, at 60s
32 fifes, at 6s
700 billhooks, at 5s
12 field officers' tents, at about £25 each,
32 captains' do
32 lieutenants' do
16 ensigns' do
4 adjutants' do
4 qr. masters' do
4 chaplains' do
4 surgeons' do
96 tents, at about £8 each,
The price of tents depends on the price of duck,
if I must give £5 10s. for raven duck, they
will cost full what I have estimated them at.
A square tent takes a piece of duck, and mak-
ing, 52s.; a soldier's, 21 yds. at about 3s. per
yard, and making, 16s.
2688 muskets will average at least 75s
108 tent bags, at 5s
108 valises, at about 40s
458 soldiers' tents, at about 80s
Order of the 4th March.
600 fathom tarred rope, at 70*. per cwt.
I can not say how much the rope will amount to
till I know the weight.
2 fishing nets ^ about £15 each,
ropes for nshmg nets, ^ '
Order of the 2Sth February.
100 barrels pitch, at 30s
10 barrels turpentine, at 30s
2 tons of oakum, at £40,
A large chain, by General Lee's order, 100 fathom
long, 2 links, about
Order for 10 sets pump boxes, at 4s
Order for drag ropes. Can not say how much they
they will weigh.
122 gimblets for priming, at Is. each,
Order for 500 load timber and boards for carpen-
ters' shed, which is impossible to tell until the
accounts come in ; if I knew how many feet, I
could tell. Capt. Post says, about
3 medicine chests, about £50 each,
Order of February 10th.
600 pickaxes with helves, at 8s
300 hatchets, at 3s- 6d
500 handbarrows, at 6s
300 wheelbarrrows, at 24s
200 crowbars, about 6000 weight, at 6d
500 shovels with handles, at about 5s
The balance of the barrack-master's account,.
3000 bushels salt and freight up, about,.
To the Committee of Safety in New-York.
[Letter from the Convention of Maryland, for the loan of cannon.]
Philadelphia, March 19, 1776.
Gent. — The Convention of Maryland voted a conside-
rable sum of money to defend the harbour of Baltimore
town, the most considerable place of our trade. Fortifi-
cations and batteries are now erecting, and every means in
our power to procure cannon have failed. If your Co-
lony can spare us four eighteen pounders, or eight twelves
or eight nines, which shall be returned as soon as others
can be procured, ihey will be of infinite service in defend-
30 0 0
150 0 0
15 0 0
80 0 0
400 0 0
2 0 0
6 2 0
600 0 0
150 0 0
240 0 0
52 10 0
150 0 0
360 0 0
150 0 0
125 0 0
390 0 0
£25,241
9 8
0 0
£25,741
9 8
ing a boom, now very nearly ready to be laid across the
river.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servts.
TH. JOHNSON, JuNR.
SAML. CHASE,
WM. PACA.
To the Honourable Council of Safety
of New- York.
[Letter from New-York Delegates at the Continental Congress, ac-
companying a letter from Th. Johnson, <Sf.c. of the Maryland Con-
vention, requesting the loan of cannon. J
Philadelphia, }9th March. 1776.
Gentlemen — We beg leave to recommend to your par-
ticular attention, the enclosed request from the Delegates
of Maryland. We are not sufficiently acquainted with the
stale of our artillery to judge whether it will be in your
power to oblige a sister Colony on this pressing occasion.
We can only say, that it will give us great pleasure if you
can consistently contribute to the safely of Maryland, from
whose Delegates our Colony has always received a uni-
form and zealous support. Their friendship in procuring
an instruction from their Convention, expressly directing
them to move, and use their endeavours for procuring re-
lief to our Colony in the article of tea, and their generous
offer to supply us with a ton of their scanty stock of pow-
der some months ago, deserve our grateful acknowledge-
ments and the esteem of our constituents. We could not
indeed avail ourselves of the last favours, because the inter-
position of Congress was necessary, and we had reason to
be apprehensive that the powder would be sent another
way, where it was then thought more necessary.
We have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servants,
JAS. DUANE,
JOHN ALSOP,
JOHN JAY,
LEWIS MORRIS.
Honourable Convention of New-York.
[Letter from Levi Pawling, Chairman of the committee at Marble-
town, with return of officers for grenadiers and a company of militia.]
Marbletown, March 15, 1776.
Gentlemen — Yours of the 16lh ult. came safe to hand,
and with astonishment we perused the contents ; the more
so, as we have been informed that in cases similar to that
of ours, you have been very careful that officers should
not be superseded. Permit us, gentlemen, to ask whether
the resolve respecting the filling up of vacancies can not
bear these three diflferent constructions, vizt. virtual, natu-
ral, and literal. If either of the two former, then we think
we have committed no error in what we have done ; if we
have, we have done it with no ill design, for we assure you
that we have nothing more at heart than the maintaining of
peace and good order amongst us, and that the worthy and
deserving should be promoted and not superseded, the
consequence of which is resentment, division and discord,
which we think ought to be prevented if possible.
We, in obedience to the directions from your Honoura-
ble Body, called the company of the southwest district to-
gether on the sixth instant, and in a friendly manner advi-
sed them to promote the subalterns who had served under
their late captain. The company proceeded, and Mr. John
Hasbrouck was chosen by a majority of votes ; the subal-
terns thereupon withdrew, and deferred declaring their in-
tentions till the ninth instant, when they delivered at our
table the enclosed address and declaration, containing a
formal resignation, with the reasons thereof, which, in com-
pliance with their request, we have the honour of transmit-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
151
ting to your Honourable Board : upon which we called
the company together again the 12lh instant, and acquain-
ted them of the vacancies, when they proceeded and chose
Jacobus Roosa first lieutenant, Jacobus Brown Hasbrouck
second lieutenant, and Joseph Hasbrouck, junr. ensign,
which we expect, together with the above elected captain,
your Honours will commission.
We beg leave to assure you the southwest district is in
a most unhappy condition, and the only means we can
think of at present to assuage the spirit of discord in said
district, is to grant the prayers of those who have signed
the enclosed petition. In the mean time,
We remain, with due respect,
Your Honours' obedient humble servants.
Signed by order of the Committee.
LEVI PAWLING, Chairman.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
of the Province of New-York.
[Resolutions of Continental Congress, declaring what troops shall
garrison New- York.]
In Congress, March Hth, 1776.
Resolved, That eight thousand men be ordered for the
defence of the Colony of New-York ; that orders be issued
to Colonel Irvine immediately to march with his battalion
to New-York, and put himself under the command of the
officer commanding there ; that Colonel Dayton be like-
wise ordered with his battalion to march to New-York
and join the forces there ; that Colonel Shee and Colonel
Magaw be also ordered to march with their battalions to
New- York.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the several Assem-
blies, Conventions or Committees of Safety of the united
Colonies, immediately to cause all persons to be disarmed
within their respective Colonies, who are notoriously dis-
affected to the cause of America, or who have not associat-
ed, and refuse to associate, to defend by arms these united
Colonies against the hostile attempts of the British fleets
and armies. And to apply the arms taken from such per-
sons in each respective Colony, in the first place to the
arming the Continental troops raised in said Colony ; in the
next place to the arming such troops as are raised by the
Colony for its own defence, and the residue to be applied
to the arming the associators. That the arms when taken
be appraised by indifferent persons, and such as are ap-
plied to the arming Continental troops be paid for by Con-
gress, and the residue by the respective Assemblies, Con-
ventions or Councils or Committees of Safety.
March 15th, 1776.
Resolved, That Captain Nelson with his company of
riflemen be directed immediately to repair to New-York.
Resolved, That the Governor of Connecticut, the Con-
ventions and Councils of Safety of New-York and New-
Jersey, be requested to hold their militia in readiness to
march in such numbers and at such times for the defence
of New-York, as the Continental commander at New-York
shall desire ; and that the pay of the militia called for the
defence of New-York be the same as that of the Continen-
tal troops raised and employed in the middle department, to
commence from the time they begin their march.
Resolved, That Lord Stirling be directed to order the
troops destined for Canada to proceed on their march
agreeably to their former orders.
Extract from the minutes.
CHARLES THOMSON, Secry.
By order of the Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Newark, March 19th, 1776.
Dear Sir — I yesterday attended the vendue at Eliza-
bethtown and purchased a quantity of coal to fulfill your
order of shot, and as they cannot be delivered without the
cash, obliges me to request the favour of you to advance
and send me by the bearer, Mr. Garrit Jacobus, one of
our workmen, £100, who will give you a receipt for the
same. We have every thing prepared for despatch as soon
as the coal arrives.
I am, sir, your very hble. servt.
MOSES OGDEN.
To Mr. Joseph Hallf.tt.
[A letter from Colo. Isaac Nicoll, stating that he is in want of a com-
missary.]
Fort Constitution, March loth, 1776.
Gentlemen — This garrison is greatly in want of many
articles at present, especially sauce, beef, soap, candles,
drink and fuel ; neither have we had any fresh provisions
for two months past, the want of which necessaries dis-
courage the men very much, as they work daily. We are
also in want of pots, trammels, bowls and dishes for the
barracks, as there are none here but what the commission-
ers claim and say they must have to carry to Popolopes
kill. There must be a sufficient quantity of those neces-
saries provided and sent here shortly, or the garrison will
will be in a bad situation when the commissioners call for
theirs. I should not have troubled you with those matters,
but have wrote to Mr. Livingston according to your former
directions on this head, and received for answer that Mr.
Phelps (appointed to provide for this fortress) would be
here in a short time and make the necessary provision, but
he has not attended yet, neither do I know when he will.
Enclosed you have an account delivered to me by the com-
missioners for powder, ball and cartridge paper, by them
delivered to Capt. Raymond, previous to my taking the
command here, none of which he relumed. You can deal
with him for them as you think proper. Several of the
minute men now in garrison are destitute of guns, neither
are they able to procure them by reason of their scarcity.
And there is a number of good arms in the stores, but the
commissioners are not willing to let them go without orders,
as they were directed to keep them safe in their custody.
I think it would be proper to let the men have arms and
accoutrements in order that they may be disciplined to the
use of them, provided the commanding officer of any
such different company will give his receipt for them, and
engage to return them (when he is discharged from this
garrison) as good as he received them.
It is absolutely necessary that a baker be fixed here up-
on some certain principle, there having been no provision
made for that purpose by the commissary. While Capt.
Raymond cotnmanded, he gave the flour to a baker who
returned an equal weight of bread, and allowed him sol-
dier's pay with all attendance that he required : which I
think is too much, amounting I suppose to £10 or £12
per month. I have partly agreed with the same man (who
is a good baker and now out of the service) for £4 per
month, but he requires to have his wood and people to at-
tend upon him ; and I do not know what to do about
closing the bargain. Would be glad of some instructions
in the premises, or that a baker may be otherwise ap-
pointed.
As there is no commissary attends here, and I think it
is absolutely necessary that one should attend. If none of
those already appointed can be ordered here, I would re-
commend Capt. Thos. Moffat to that office as a proper
person.
I expect to be able to make a return of the state of my
regiment shortly, having issued the necessary orders for
that purpose.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very hum. servant.
ISAAC NICOLL.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New-York.
152
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
L Letter from Committee of Albany, and resolutions recommending a
quarter-master and adjutant.]
Albany, 8th March, 1776.
Sir — I am directed by the committee of the city and
county of Albany to transmit you the enclosed resolves.
I am, sir, your very humble servt.
MATT. VISSCHER.
Albany Committee Chamber, 1st March, 1776.
Resolved, That Mr. Thomas T. Williams, Junr. be re-
commended to the Honourable Provincial Congress for
quarter-master to the regiment to be raised in the counties
of Albany, Try on and Charlotte. Also,
Resolved, That Mr. Peter A. Fonda be recommended
for adjutant to said regiment.
Extracts from the minutes.
MATT. VISSCHER, Secy.
[Letter from Colonel Abraham Lent, of Orange, stating that his men
will not go into service without their own officers.]
Orange Town, March the llth, 1776-
Sir — I have this day received the resolution and order
of Congress of the 13th instant, respecting the sending a
number of men from the two regiments on the south side
of the mountains in Orange county, to New-York ; and as
36 men of my regiment have turned out as minute men and
elected one of my mihtia captains to command them, I
immediately ordered that captain to march down to New-
York with the minute men aforesaid ; (the reason for my so
doing was because I could not think that the Congress in-
tended to leave the minute men here and have the militia
down.) The captain, it seems, does not think that he is
any longer under my command ; and what is more, the
captain and men are all afraid that as the resolution and
order aforesaid only mentions privates, it is intended to
lake our men and put in officers from other parts to com-
mand them; whereupon they declined marching without
some farther explanation.
I hope you will, without loss of time, give me an an-
swer, or rather an explanation of the said order. Should 35
men be drafted from my regiment, exclusive of the minute
men, many farms must go to waste.
I do not think that any of our men, whether militia or
minute men, can be prevailed upon to march unless they
are allowed their own officers. I think if a captain and
one lieutenant were commissioned for the aforesaid minute
men, it would be sufficient.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
ABRAHAM LENT.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr. President of
the Honourable Provincial Congress of the
Colony of New-York.
[Letter from Ab. Livingston, stating that he has received a deputation
from Walter Livingston, as commissary.]
New-York, Uth March, 1776.
Sir — Having received a deputation from Walter Living-
ston, Esqr. deputy commissary-general, to act as assistant
deputy commissary of stores and provisions, within certain
limits, think it necessary to acquaint the Congress thereof,
and that I mean to act in that station until an order is pro-
duced from the Continental Congress to the contrary. All
troops in the Continental pay, be they from what place
they may, fall within the limits of my appointment.
I remain, with respect.
Your humble servt.
AB. LIVINGSTON.
To the President of the Provincial Congress of
the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Peter T. Curtenius, relative to the victualing of the Con-
tinental troops.]
New-York, March 13th, 1776.
Gent. — Agreeably to your request we have made a se-
cond calculation, and will engage to furnish all the troops
that shall be quartered in this city. Kings county and Fort
Constitution, for one year from the first day of April next, at
lid. per ration per day, provided the Congress will furnish
us, at their expense, with sufficient stores at each place and
advance us a sufficient sum to lay in a stock of provisions.
The ration to consist of the following kinds and quanti-
ties of provisions, vizt :
One pound beef or three quarters pound pork, or one pound salt fish
per day per man.
One pound flour or bread per day per man.
Three pints of pease or beans per week, or vegetables equivalent.
One pint of milk per day, or at the rate of one seventy-second part of
a dollar, or an equivalent in beef, pork or butter
One quart of spruce beer or cider per man per day, or nine gallons
of molasses per 100 men per week-
Half a pint of rice or one pint of Indian meal per man, per week.
Three pounds candles to a 100, per week.
Twenty-four pounds or eight pounds of hard soap for 100 men, per
week.
As to wood and straw it is impossible to reduce into ra-
tions, therefore will engage to furnish them the year round
at 20s. per cord, and straw at 3d. per bunch, exclusive of
the carting, provided it is at your risk after we have de-
livered it to the barrack -m.aster, whose receipt shall be our
voucher. This will be a proper check on us that we don't
charge too much, and also a check on him that he does not
give credit for too little. If all the wood was to be de-
livered at the barracks and there issued out, we could make
a calculation ; but after it is there, it must be carted to the
diffijrent houses in town where the soldiers are quartered,
in loads, three-quarter and half loads ; therefore it would
be best that the barrack-master pay the cartage and render
you an account of it.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servts.
CURTENIUS & ELTING.
[Abraham Livingston's proposals for supplying the army in this
Colony.]
The subscriber is willing to contract for the furnishing
good and wholesome provisions, soap and candles, agree-
ably to the rates allowed by the Continental Congress, at
lOid. per ration ; and to give security for the performance
of the contract. To furnish firewood at 20s. per cord ;
and straw at 305. per 100 sheafs. The provisions to be
delivered in New-York. The expense of transportation, if
it should so happen that the communication by water be
cut off, to be borne by the public.
The Congress to advance the sum of £
AB. LIVINGSTON.
To the President of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
[Jacob Bamper's letter, requesting a commission.]
HoND. Sir — I am very sorry that I am so troublesome
to you, but my inclination is so bent on going in the army,
that if you will be so kind as to recommend me to the
gentlemen of the Congress, for a captain or heutenant's
commission, I will take it as a particular favour, and will
do my best endeavour for to serve in defence of my coun-
try. The reason of my troubling you, is because I know
that a gentleman like you can do a great deal towards get-
ting a commission for me. I dare to say that I can get a
company in a httle while.
And remain your humble servt.
JACOB BAMPER.
[A memorial of the present disorderly situation of the first regiment
of Ulster county.]
To the President of the Honourable Congress of the Co-
lony of Neiv-York, in Congress, now convened in
New- York :
Gentlemen — The first regiment in Ulster county, as it
has always been esteemed, has been for a long time kept
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
153
in suspense by some misconduct or other, by whom, un-
known to us in appointing field officers. We have seen
some time last fall, the commissions for the subaltern offi-
cers in the first regiment, in said county, bearing date in
October last, and some of the captain's commissions a
blank left for a colonel's name ; others, no blank for a co-
lonel ; one in particular neither belongs to a regiment nor
colonel. These commissions were brought up by Mr. Eg-
bert Dumond and Tappen, our late Delegates, and no com-
missions for field officers of the militia. Some time in
January last Mr. Dirck Wynkoop, Junr. and Cantyne, two
of our present Delegates, came home, and brought com-
missions for field officers, for a minute regiment ; but as
yet no commissions for field officers of the militia. Here
the cart was before the horse, for the minute men are to be
raised out of the regiment of militia, and no militia formed
for want of field officers. Now, lately commissions were
sent up to the chairman of the county committee, for field
officers, of a regiment called the northern regiment, in Ul-
ster county. The said commissions directed to A. Has-
brouck, 1st colonel ; Jobs. Snyder, 2d colonel ; Jonathan
Elmendorf, 1st major; Adrian Wynkoop, 2d major, &c.
bearing date the 20th day of February, 1776. How in-
consistent ! The subaltern commissions are of a prior
date than the field officers, even if they did belong to one
and the same regiment. But another inconsistency : the
subalterns, some belong to the first regiment, others to no
body ; and the field officers are appointed for the northern
regiment.
Gentlemen — we are satisfied the arrangement for field
officers was returned in Congress some time last summer,
for the first regiment in said county ; and the very persons,
except Mr. Adrian Wynkoop, whom the county committee
appointed to fill the vacancy of Col. Hardenburg, declin-
ing, were returned in Congress, who are now commission-
ed for the northern regiment. Gentlemen, for the truth
hereof, we refer to the journals of your Honourable
House. Gentlemen, we appeal to your Honourable Board.
We presume there is a great error in the proceedings re-
lative to the forming and completing the first regiment in
Ulster county ; whether it is owing to the Congress or our
Delegates, we cannot determine ; but we will affirm, that
we, neither the greater part of the subalterns are the cause
of it. We are ashamed that matters are carried on so ir-
regular, especially in these critical times, where necessity
requires to have the militia in readiness, and well disci-
plined.
Gentlemen — this is a state of the present situation of
the first regiment, in said county. Now, if we should ac-
cept of these commissions, we have no regiment at all.
For the militia, that it is intended we sliould command the
captain's commissions, as is said before belong to the first
regiment in said county ; and certainly there must be such
as the first in the county ; and in consequence, it would be
a piece of ignorance in us to accept of a commission, and
nobody to command. We presume the Honourable Con-
gress are advised by such as have not the present cause at
heart, who rather see disorder than good order and general
union. We are informed it is resolved by the Congress,
that officers should go in rank by succession. If that be
the case, how is it possible that Col. Hasbrouck should not
be the first colonel in said county, and in the first regi-
ment, instead of colonel of a regiment never heard of nor
never was ? And if we should be dealt with agreeable
to the resolve, and equal with our neighbouring counlies,
without doubt, Col. Hasbrouck should be raised to a higher
station, for he is the oldest colonel, next to Col. Hardcn-
bergh, in the county of Ulster, and older than any in the
adjacent counties.
Gentlemen — we conceive, if the commissions now sent
for field officers, for a northern regiment, cannot be altered,
and a prior or an even date given with tke commissions of
the field officers of the other regiments in our county, and
the rank of the first regiment in Ulster county. Without
[Vol. n.] 39
that, what we in general claim our right, for all the other
regiments in the county are descended from us, we see no
prospect of getting the militia in our part of the county un-
der order. So, gentlemen, we shall rest the matter with
your superior wisdom. Do as you think proper, gentle-
men ; we enclose herewith the commissions to you, and ex-
pect you will rectify the errors.
And remain your humble servts.
T. HASBROUCK,
JOHS. SNYDER,
JONATHAN ELMENDORPH,
WYNKOOP.
Kingston, Febmary 8th, 1776.
[A letter from Colo. Hasbrouck, requesting rank.]
Kingston, March the 8th, 1776.
I have received the commissions for the field officers of
the northern regiment in Ulster county, which we hereby
return again to the Honourable Congress. The reasons
we all gave, you will find by another letter of the same
date, signed by us. The reasons are, first, we know of
no northern regiment in Ulster county by that name : se-
condly, the subaltern officers, their commissions are of a
prior date than ours, and say they are officers of a com-
pany of foot in the first regiment ; and some, of the first,
second, &c. company of militia of foot in Ulster county,
are under no command of any colonel.
If we should accept of the commissions sent to us, we
should all be officers and have no men to command. And
even if the commissions which were sent to us, did say
that we should command the first regiment in Ulster coun-
ty, we should still be the youngest regiment in Ulster
county, by the date of our commissions, for the others
are dated in October last, and ours the 20th of February,
last past. If we are to be arranged according to the date
of the commissions, then consequently, we are the young-
est regiment. There can be no propriety, in that case,
in any degree, because all the other regiments are disse-
vered from the first ; the whole county was all under the
command of one set of field officers, until the year 1756, and
it was then divided into two regiments, our regiment was
called the first regiment, and the other the second ; and
both regiments are now again divided into two regiments,
and this regiment to be the last regiment for said county.
I can't see for what reason it is done ; it must be best
known to you, gentlemen. If we should accept of the
commissions sent by you to us, if the commissions even
mentioned the first regiment in Ulster county, and having
a junior date, as it has, every subaltern officer and soldier
we have under our command, would be dissatisfied, because
they will judge they are wronged in their ranks, for this
first regiment in Ulster county is of as old a standing as any
in the Province or near it.
I am sorry that the regiment I have had the honour to
command those 20 years, as lieut. colonel, is now so un-
settled, and have not proper persons commissioned to
command them, if their service should be required ; but
where the fault lies, let them answer for it. I know that
Messrs. Dumond and Tappen, two of our late Delegates for
Ulster county, have been very officious to procure or ob-
tain commissions for several persons ; and Messrs. Wyn-
koop, Cantine and Palmer, for others, to serve their
purposes. But ihis is not the time to be the occasion to
l)rccd discord amongst us, so brave a people as this part
of the county of Ulster is esteemed for to maintain, defend
and support American liberty. It is now the time to cul-
tivate luiion and harmony amongst ourselves, to oppose
and withstand the measures of a despotic, tyrannical mi-
nistry.
I understand that George Clinton, Esqr. is commission-
ed for brigadier-general of the two brigades of Ulster and
Orange counties. How he comes to be promoted to so
high a rank, I must leave that with you. I know he never
154
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
was a corporal or a sergeant in the militia, and how it was
brought about to supersede so many brave officers in their
ranks for the regiments. 1 very well know liial he never
was returned by a county committee for a brigadier. If
our Delegates have done it, they must answer for it. I
doubt very much, if it had been left to a county commit-
tee, if he would have been returned for a brigadier-general.
And why is not the choice of a brigadier-general to be
made by the county committee as well as the field offi-
cers of the first regiment in Ulster county ? Doth it not
appear strange, that the neighbouring county of Dutchess
hath appointed (as I am informed by one of the Delegates)
Lieut. Colonel Ten Broeck for brigadier-general, for that
brigade of said county, he being the oldest lieut. colonel
of that county, and was promoted in his rank, and for Ul-
ster county to pass by colonel, lieut. colonel, major and
captain, and put in George Clinton, Esqr. who is or hath
never been in the militia, as is observed above ?
I wrote to the Honourable Congress the 6th of October
last past, that I would accept of a commission if it was
offered to me from the Congress, at this critical juncture ;
that I was ready for defending American liberties, but that
I would not be superseded in my rank. I wrote the same
again the 15th December last past, to the same purport,
by Mr. Canline. Since George Clinton, Esqr. hath the
supreme command over the two brigades, and is to com-
mand me if I cxccept of the commission, as well as all the
other colonels of the several regiments, so consequently,
I am superseded, and therefore, I will accept of no com-
mission to be commanded by any person who was hereto-
fore of an inferior rank with me. And what gentleman of
honour will accept of a commission from Congress, if he
is or may be superseded in his rank ? he can't expect pro-
motion. If it enters but into the caprice of any of the
Delegates of the county to promote a friend of his of an
inferior rank, above a colonel, major or captain, it may be
done. If the Honourable Congress judges it reasonable,
for the reasons by me above given, will alter the dale of
the commissions you sent up to us, and instead of north-
ern regiment, call it the first regiment. If you think pro-
per, send up commissions for those gentlemen recom-
mended by the county committee, and leave out my name,
if I must be commaded by Mr. Clinton or any other su-
perior of an inferior rank with me.
The gentlemen named by the county committee, are,
Johannis Snyder, colonel, instead of my name ; Jonathan
Elmendorph, lieut. colonel ; Adriance Winkoop, first ma-
jor ; second major ; Abraham A.
Hasbrouck, adjutant ; John Vandeusen, quarter-master.
Send up the commissions as speedily as possible, that the
regiment may be under a proper command.
I am, gentlemen, with great esteem,
Your most humble servant to command,
J. HASBROUCK.
To Colo. WooDHuLL, President of the Provincial
Congress, held and convened at New-York, and
all the members thereof.
Mhany, March 2d., 1776.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 29th February, by
Captain Haasbrook, he has just now delivered me ; as I
had never heard from him since he left this, I did not know
if he had recruited or intended to recruit his company. I
therefore could not join him to Colo. Van Schaick's regi-
ment, which were the only troops that I was empowered
by Congress to raise. He will however continue in the
service if he chooses, and it be agreeable to you, in one of
the four regiments to be raised in and for the immediate de-
fence of this Colony, and you have nothing more to do
than to send his name to the Provincial Congress,
I am, gentlemen, respectfully.
Your obedient humble servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
WiixiAM Ellsworth, Esqr.
Chairman of the committee of Kingston.
Kingston, March 4, 1776.
Gentlemen — We, the committee of safety and obser-
vation of the town of Kingston, on the 29lh day of Febru-
ary last past, wrote a letter to General Schuyler at the re-
quest of Capt. Elias Haasbrouck, therein acquainted the
General of the intention and inclination of Capt. Haas-
brouck to be continued in the service, and also the desire
of this committee to continue him. And the answer this
committee received is enclosed in this letter. And it is
agreeable to this committee that the captain should be con-
tinued in the ser\'ice, and you will see that in the General's
letter tliere is no mention made of subaltern officers ; we
therefore thought fit to raise the company with expedition,
and at the request of Capt. Haasbrouck, to recommend
these persons, to wit. Moses Yeoman for 2d lieutenant,
and Petrus W. Meyer for ensign ; and if these persons
meet the approbation of the Honourable Provincial Con-
gress, we pray that their warrants be sent up immediately.
Respecting the first lieutenant, the captain proposes to have
him recommended from the committee under whose dis
tricl he lives. We respectfully remain.
Your most obedt. humble servants.
By order of the committee.
WILLM. ELLSWORTH, Chairman.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
in the City of New-York.
Nevi-York, March Slh, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas the gentlemen of the Provincial
Congress has been pleased to appoint me first major in
Colo. Swartwout's regiment, and as my situation and busi-
ness is such, that it is not in my power to serve without
doing injustice to myself and creditors, having a conside-
rable interest in my hands to settle, and having a large
family to take care of, without any person to assist me in
settling my affairs ; and whereas Major Henry Ludington,
appointed in the militia, is prevailed upon to accept the
commission sent to me, and if agreeable to you do resign
the same in his favour. He can be recommended by Col.
Swartwout or the committee of Dutchess county, and I
hope that you will be pleased to appoint him in my stead,
he being a person that has served in the last war and well
acquainted in the military service. And gentlemen, your
compliance will greatly oblige
Your very humble servant.
MALCOM MORISON.
Mr. Ludington waits for an answer.
N. B. Gentlemen, enclosed you have the commission.
To the Delegates of Dutchess county,
in Provincial Congress.
Richmond county, March 8th, 1777.
Sir — The insufferable abuse received before the commit-
tee of safety in the county of Richmond, when called on
to evidence against the inimical conduct of some individu-
als in that county against our just struggles, causes me to
lay before your Honourable House a true state of my grie-
vances, begging their advice and assistance for redress, as
I think myself, in the present situation, unsafe in my per-
son and property.
On Thursday the 7th of March, 1776, being summoned
before the committee, present at that time. Christian Ja-
cobson, chairman ; John Polyon, John Ketellas, Henry
Prines, David Latterett, Cornelius Disasway, Peter Mo-
shuro, Moses De Pue, Lambert Merrel, John Tyson, Jo-
seph Christofer and George Barnes. W^hile under exami-
nation, Cornelius Marteno, Richard Conner and John Bur-
bank were suffered by the committee to abuse your com-
plainant, viz. by calling him an informer, cut-throat, dirty
rascal, dirty dog, liar, &c. threatening what they would
do if they had him out of doors, which your complainant
can prove by credible evidence.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
155
Your complainant therefore begs your Hon. House to
take the above under consideration.
I am, with respect, your obdt. humb. servt.
HENDRECK GARISON.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
at New- York.
[Letter from Peter T. Curtenius and Peter Elting.]
8th March, 1776.
Gent. — We understand that Mr. Livingston's and our
proposals for furnishing the troops at this place, &;c. were
this day laid before you, and that the mode Mr. Living-
ston proposes diifers widely from what we apprehended
you intended it should be done : we suppose, from this,
that Mr. Livingston may offer another proposal, which, if
it should be granted, we beg the same indulgence ; be-
sides, if it can consistently be granted, we beg to cancel
our former proposal, and furnish you with another by any
time to-morrow or Monday next ,as you think proper.
As the providing of wood, candles, &c. is the business
of the barrack-master, we should rather not engage in it.
We are, gentlemen.
Your humble servants,
PETER T. CURTENIUS,
PETER ELTING.
P. S. Please to observe that the barrack-master is paid
by the day for purchasing wood, straw, &c.; it would save
nothing to the pubhc.
[Letter from Capt. Jos. Smith, stating his want of employment,]
New-York, March 7, 1776.
HoNBLE. Gent. — I am out of employ, and ruin stares
me in the face. If any place in your gift is vacant, or soon
like to be, should be glad to serve my country in any capa-
city I am capable of.
I have for many years sailed out of this place as master
and owner of a vessel, in which way I had acquired some-
thing handsome, all of which I was deprived in one unfor-
tunate moment, by having my vessel and cargo seized,
which circumstance is well known to several of the city
members. This sudden transition from a state of com-
fortable subsistence to a state of wretchedness was almost
more than I could bear : I have ever since struggled hard,
but can not get ahead.
I am well acquainted in the West Indies, Dutch, French,
and some of the Spanish ports, likewise in many ports in Eu-
rope. If this Honbk. House should at any time think proper
to send me for powder or warlike stores, I am willing to
risk my life in the service ; or if any person is wanting on
the lakes, or to superintend the building of vessels, should
be glad to serve in that capacity. I would not by this be
understood, however, to dictate to this Honourable House;
I only mention this because I am belter acquainted in the
maritime way than in any other. For my character,
please to inquire of Captain Randall, Captain Long, Mr.
Van Zandt, or Mr. Curtenius, who, I do not doubt, will
give you full satisfaction.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect,
Your most obedient humble servant.
JOSEPH SMITH.
P. S. My home at present is at Mr. Benjn. Mannings,
in Piscatawav, New-Jersey, to which place I have retired
with my family, coming home very sick last fall from Ca-
rolina, because it is not so expensive as in town, and was
the reason of not applying sooner. I shall return in a day
or two ; if any occasion for me, please to let Mr. Curtenius
know your commands.
[Letter from the Provincial Congress to Col. Blackwell, at New-Town,
relative to the organization of a geneial county committee.]
In Provincial Congress, )
New-York, March 7th, 1776. 5
The Congress being of opinion that it is absolutely
necessary that the inhabitants of your county who have
signed the general association, and are friendly to the
liberties of their country should be formed into military
companies, and be in a capacity of defending themselves
if attacked ; and considering that this can not be done until
the county is properly organized, desire that you will use
your endeavours that the associators in the several towns
in your county will choose committees, out of which a
general county committee may be formed ; that they carry
the resolves of Congress for regulating the militia into
execution, and recommend suitable men for field ofiicers.
The very great importance of the rights for which we
are contending, added to the consideration of the present
critical situation of our public affairs, and the great proba-
bility that the enemy will endeavour to get possession of
this Colony in the course of the spring, renders it totally
unnecessary for us to use any arguments with you on the
subject.
We doubt not you will exert yourselves to have these
matters settled with all possible despatch in your county.
We remain your very humble servts.
By order.
JOHN McKESSON, > ^ , .
ROBT. BENSON, 5 f^ecretanes.
To Colonel Jacob Blackwell, New-Town.
[Letters taken from the ship Sally, (formerly belonging to Samuel
Franklin, but was taken by the men of war at New-York and sent to
Boston,) which was driven on shore in a gale at Montauk on the 6lh
of March and her crew, passengers and papers seized by the com-
mittee of Easthampton and sent to New-York.]
By Hyde Parker, Junr. Esqr. Captain of His Majesty's
ship Phoenix.
You are hereby required and directed to proceed to
Boston with the ship Sally, under your command, calling
at Rhode-Island, where you are to apply to the command-
ing officer of His Majesty's ships for convoy and a pilot.
Should you be so unfortunate as to meet with any of the
rebel cruizers and find no possibility of escaping, it is my
positive directions that you do throw overboard all arms
and ammunition, to prevent their falling into the hands of
the rebels. Should there be any ships in sight that you
suppose to be a man of war, you are to do your utmost
to disable the ship by cutting her gears and lowering her
lower yards down, in order to prevent the rebels from car-
rying her off.
Upon your arrival at Boston you are to report yourself
to Admiral Shuldham, or the Commander-in-Chief for the
time being.
You are also, during your passage, to use your utmost
endeavours to keep company with the Harriott transport
and the Francis sloop.
Given under my hand, on board His Majesty's ship
Phoenix, off of the Narrows of Gravesend bay, this
29lh February, 1776.
H. PARKER.
Mr. — — Smith, commander of the ship Sally.
Phivnix, Neiv-York, 2d March, 177C.
Sir — The little acquaintance I had tlie pleasure of ha-
ving with you at Milford, when I was in the Weazle with
my friend Baynes and Phelps, induces me lo think I
do not offend when I take the liberty of recommending
the bearer (Mr. Young) to your acquaintance; a gentle-
man of one of the best families and fortunes in Philadel-
phia. He has recommendations from Gov. Tryon lo Gen.
156
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Howe. He goes a volunteer ; has no knowledge of any
person in the navy or army. I beg therefore, sir, you'll
render him what services you can, as we are all convinced he
is a man of excellent sentiments, and have every reason to
think he will be an honour to any regiment he may belong
to. If I can serve you oryour friends, liere in any manner,
be assured I will with the utmost pleasure.
I am, sir, your most obedt. humb. servt.
WM. ROSS.
New-York, 8 o'clock P. M. Wlh Jan. 1776.
Dear John — With very great regret and astonishment,
I have learnt your hasty and abrupt behaviour, in leaving me
and going on board the Phoenix ship of war, without giving
me the least notice of such intention. I came here in great
haste with Mr. Morgan, in hopes to have found you here
before you went on board, but am disappointed ; however,
I now become supplicant to you my dear son, and to re-
quest you will come on shore and give me an opportunity
of a conversation, andl hereby pledge my honour, that if after
what arguments I may use to you, cannot prevail with you
to return to Philadelphia, to your country and good friends,
you shall be at liberty to go where you please. But, dear
John, consider what you are about. You do not want un-
derstanding, if it was set a little to rights. If you will now
return, all things may yet be well ; I promise you my for-
giveness, and never more to upbraid you with this rash
step. As we have taken great pains that your prpcecd-
ings may not be known in Philadelphia, all matters may be
accommodated there. I therefore request, as you value a
father's blessing, and your own happiness and reputation,
that you give me an interview at the house you lodged in
on Thursday last, to-morrow afternoon. 1 know you will
be permitted to come on shore. Pray don't bring my grey
hairs with sorrow to the grave.
I am, your aiTct. father,
JAS. YOUNG.
To Mr. John Young,
OB board his Majesty's ship Phoenix.
Neu>-York, Feby. 5th, 1776.
Dear Friend — Smother your surprise, when I inform
you that I shall not set foot aboard the Phoenix more, at
least not at present, as fortune has rendered it out of my
power ; I say out of my power, because it undoubtedly is
so, if you look upon me to have the least humanity ; for
on my arrival at New-York, I found to my inexpressible
grief and surprise my brother had left it, on information
that my mother's life was despaired of, and not only that,
hut Mrs. Morgan it was feared would miscarry, she being
far gone with child before I left Philadelphia.
You have often heard me say I was the favourite of the
family ; this indeed is but too true, for I find, a day or two
after my departure, the whole family was thrown into the
utmost confusion ; diligent inquiry was immediately made
for me, and it was not long before our design was disco-
vered ; then it was my family's affection for me was so con-
spicuous ; sorrow and surprise sa tlieavily on all their coun-
tenances. The innocent amusements that were wont to di-
vert them took their flight, and nothing was seen but mel-
ancholy and discontent. It would be vain for me to endea-
vour to paint their grief in its true colours, as I am well
convinced I cannot figure it to myself.
What I have urged in consequence of leaving his Majes-
ty's ship, will, 1 flatter myself, be of sufficient reason to con-
vince you that my respect for my family has been the oc-
casion of it, and not the change of sentiments as some may
urge ; but it is almost impossible for you to coincide with
them in opinion. Look back into my past conduct, and
tell me if ever you remember my deviating in the least
from what I always expressed on the present struggle ; in-
deed it would be impertinent for me even to suppose you
harbour such an idea.
It gives me the greatest pain to find your father has be-
haved in such an extraordinary manner towards you ; as
he has refused to pay any thing of your contracting what-
soever. I therefore beg of you to examine what things are
in your possession, which I have taken upon my own ac-
count, as it would be inconsistent with your generosity to
imagine the whole charge must be put on me. Don't for-
get to send all my things that are out of the portmanteau
and in it, as soon as possible, (if there should be any.) I
believe the gatiers and stock are the only things which are
not in.
Dear John, don't imagine that what I have said concern-
ing your father &c. springs. from a desire of having those
things; no, God forbid I should be so servile a being. I only
mention it that you may either pay for them or pursuade
your father so to do. Do be so kind as to let me have a
pair of those plain dark spotted stockings, and you will
oblige,
Your most aflfectionate friend,
BENJ. BOYNTON.
To Mb. John Young,
on board his Majesty's ship Phoenix.
P. S. If you have any regard for me at all, do read, or
give a copy of my apology to the Governor, likewise to all
the officers. I have sent the things you desired me, but
have not paid for them, as your guinea is too light.
New-York, 30th, Jany. 14, 1776, 8 o'clock, P. M.
My DEAR Son — I can not express my grief and sur-
prise that you should refuse me an interview on shore,
after my soliciting letter and pledge of my honour that,
if I did not convince your judgment that you was wrong
in your present proceedings, (also a promise of my par-
don,) that you should be at liberty to go where you
please. In place of complying, you assure me that
Capt. Parker will give me a safe conduct if I will
come on board there, which I make not the least doubt
of, and would trust his word for more than my own
safety. But what can I expect by such an interview
but tears and sorrow ? when you positively declare
that though my letter of last night had so melted you that
you could scarcely read it, yet it had not power even to
stagger your resolution ; that you could never think of
setting foot on American shores. I can not help pitying
your delusion, and that you are wrong persuaded by Mr.
Boynton, who acknowledged in his letter to Mr. Morgsm,
that he would have taken this step three months sooner,
could he have persuaded you to have accompanied him.
Oh John, I am sorry for you and for myself, who looked
upon you as my future staff in the decline of life. I shall
still pray the Supreme Being to bless you, but at the same
lime, that you may never prosper as an enemy to your
native country. You mention a letter you had just fi-
nished, explaining your whole conduct, which I have not
received. I left your very affectionate sister in deep sor-
row and tears, as is your disconsolate and affectionate
father.
JAS. YOUNG.
P. S. I set off for Philadelphia to-morrow at eleven
o'clock. Adieu.
All persons that I have conversed with on the subject
of your elopement, think with myself, that it is quite a
Quixotic frolic of youth, and as such, I would overlook it
if you immediately return.
Mr. John Young.
[John Young's Journal.]
A journal of the most important occurrences of my life ;
beginning in my nineteenth year, when I first com-
menced a citizen of the world.
Having long abhorred the new form of government
erecting in America on the ruins of the Constitution of my
country, and disdaining to submit to it ; on the 24th of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
157
January, 1776, I set off, in company with my friend Mr.
Boynton, from Philadelphia, the place of our birth, for
New-York, where two British men of war then lay.
Having previously procured a few clothes and other neces-
saries, and hired horses, we mounted about 7 in the morn-
ing, with our portmanteaus behind us, and about £20 in
our pockets ; with all which we arrived safe the following
evening at Powle's Hook ferry, on the North river, oppo-
site New-York, where we were obliged to leave our
horses, the horseboats having been all pressed to transport
the Jersey troops, who were then returning from disarming
the royalists on Long island. We got to Hull's tavern, in
New-York, about eight o'clock in the evening, where we
passed the night. The next morning, after breakfast, we
went to the Fly Market ferry, and desired one of the wa-
termen to put us on board the Asia, but he refused taking
us unless we obtained a permit from the committee ; we
accordingly went to the house of the chairman, who was
not at home. After this disappointment, we sauntered
down upon one of the wharves, rather with a view to pass
away the time till the chairman should return, than any
thing else. While we were in this situation, a well
dressed man came down to us, and asked us if we wanted
to go on board the Governor's ship, (which lay opposite,
moored astern of the Phoenix.) We told him that we had
a Httle business with the Governor, and would be very
glad to go, had we but an opportunity. He then informed
us, that he was himself going on board, and that we might
go with him. He immediately hailed the ship, and a boat
being sent to us, we stepped in with joyful hearts, and
were in a few minutes on board. This gentleman, to
whom we were so much indebted, was Major Roger?^
who was then a prisoner in New-York on parol ; he was
so obliging as to present us to the Governor, who treated
us with the greatest hospitality and politeness. We dined
with him that day, and in the evening went on board the
Phoenix.
[William Ross's letter to Mr. Mosely, introducing John Young.]
Dear Sir — I wrote to you by Clark a letter that should
have been sent by Mr. Young, the gentleman who I hope
will arrive safe with this.
Do him every service in your power, and introduce him
to the army officers of your acquaintance. He is so ex-
cellent a young man, that it is not in my power to find
words to do him justice in a character. If you have seen
Clark, he has informed you of him. He is of one of the
best families and fortunes in Philadelphia. Is going to
Genl. Howe, a volunteer, a stranger to navy and army.
If I can render you any service in this part of the
damned country, command me.
I am, dear sir,
Your most obedt. humb. servt.
WM. ROSS.
P. S. I am sure you will do any thing in your power
for so valuable a stranger.
Phcenix, New-York, 2d March, 1776.
To Mr. MosELY, master of H. M. ship Chatham,
Boston.
[William Ross's letter to Lieut. Pultney, introducing John Young. 1
Phcenix, New-York, 2nd March, 1776.
Dr. Pultney — Paper is too dear at New-York for my
pocket, so that if I thought you was in the least altered,
unless for the better, since I last saw you, damn me if I
would waste a sheet on you ; but my friend and old ship-
mate I have too good an opinion of you ever to suppose
so ; therefore let me assure you no man of your acquaint-
ance can be happier at the certainty of your promotion
than I am.
I am glad to have the opportunity of sending by the
bearer, Mr. Young, a gentleman of one of the best fami-
[VoL. II.] 40
lies and fortunes in Philadelphia. He is going a volunteer
to Genl. Howe. Beg you will show him every civility in
your power during the time of his stay at Rhode-Island.
[ am sure you will be pleased with his acquaintance. Let
us hear from you when you can. Letters from Portsmouth
last month, all well. Geo. Bayne's little lass well at Ha-
vant. Chloe then in town. Jack M h as usual. The
Weazle sailed to Africa. Warren behaved worse than ever.
Young commands the Alderny sloop at New-Yarmouth.
I am, dear Pultney,
Your most obt. hum. servt.
W. ROSS.
To Geo. Ann. Pultney, Esqr.
Lieut, of H. M. ship Glasgow, Rhode-Island.
rGovernor Tryon's letter to Major-Genl. Howe, introducing John
Young.]
Ship Dutchess of Gordon, ?
2%lh Feby, 1776. ]
Dear Sir — The bearer, Mr. John Young, a gentleman
of property and character in the Colony of Pennsylvania,
puts himself under your protection. His loyalty to his
sovereign induced him to fly from persecution and enter
himself a volunteer under your banner, in the expectation
that so laudable a conduct will meet with your approbation
and entitle him to a commission in His Majesty's army,
when opportunity off"ers to distinguish himself. I have
seen him several times and verily believe he will do honour
to my introduction oi him to you.
I am, dear sir, yours sincerely,
WM. TRYON.
Maj. Genl. Howe.
Phcenix, New-York, March 2nd, 1776.
Dear Sir — This will be delivered to you by Mr. Young,
a young gentleman of fortune, from Philadelphia, as I am
informed. His errand to Boston is to offer himself a vo-
lunteer to General Howe. During six weeks' residence on
board the Phcenix, his behaviour was such as to entitle him
to every civility I could shew him, and from his request
take the liberty of presenting him to you.
The sloop Francis is loaded with naval stores, tobacco,
&c. In the article of tobacco, she has a great deal more
than is cleared out from the custom house. I therefore
presume that becomes forfeited to the captors, by the acts
of trade. Should this be the case, I beg you will be pleased
to allow your secretary to sell it as our agent. There is
also a strong suspicion that the ship loaded with salt has
wines and other merchandise under the salt. The owners
of both these vessels are good subjects to the King, and I
have assured them they will be treated with as much lenity
as the times will admit of.
Since I had the honour of writing to you on the 25th of
last month, I find General Lee is ordered to Canada to
take command of the army in that country, and a General
Schuyler to have the command at this place. Lee has
pulled down the north curtain of the fort and is now en-
trenching what was called the Bowling Green. The pri-
vateer, it is said, has certainly sailed from Philadelpliia.
I am, sir, with great esteem,
Your most obedient humble servant,
H. PARKER.
To Molineux Shuldham, Esqr.
Rear Admiral of the White, &c. at Boston.
Office of Ordnance, )
New-York, ^Ui July, 1775. J
HoNBLE. Sir — In my letter of the 24th June, I ac-
quainted your Excellency with the depredations committed
on such of His Majesty's property as remained at Turtle
bay ; and occurrences of llic like nature having since
happened at this place, I now beg leave to transmit you
the following particular account of the same, vizt. On
Wednesday the 12th instant, between the hours of nine
168
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &:c.
and ten o'clock at night, I being then at the house of Mr.
Banyar in tlie neighborhood, the clerk of stores came and
acquainted me that a number of men with side arms, &c.
had just then got over the fence of the shot yard, and
were breaking open the several doors of the armoury, store
house, and those of the artificer's shops. Whereupon I
immediately repaired to the front doors of the two first
mentioned places, and on hearing a most violent noise, pro-
ceeding from their ransacking the premises, I instantly
called on Mr. Alderman Brewerson, acquainting him there-
with, and requested his interposition ; but he rephed, as
an individual he could by no means render me any assis-
tance, and advised me in that case to call on the mayor,
which I accordingly did, but he was not in town, I then
in my way to the Governor's, met Capt. Thomas William
Moore, who had the command of the guard appointed to
preserve the peace of the city, to whom I communicated
the foregoing, and entreated his assistance in order to put
a stop to the felonious proceedings of a number of armed
men who were carrying off His Majesty's stores, as also some
of my own private property, (and which I conceived it was
his duty to protect.) Soon after Capl. Moore came down
to the store houses, and brought with him a party of armed
men, who with myself, went in amongst the people that were
committing the depredations, demanding by what authority
they presumed to carry off the King's stores. When some
of them replied to Mr. Moore, that it was by order of their
Colonel Rilzema, they came there for that purpose. Uoon
which they were told that no person whatever had a right to
order them to behave in the manner they had done, and there-
fore advised them to disperse, which they soon after accord-
ingly did, taking with them several drums, a considerable
quantity of iron ramrods, and sundry other articles of His
Majesty's property. Two hours after they were gone, viz.
about two o'clock in the morning, a great party of the Con-
necticut forces, supposed to be upwards of a hundred, came
from their encampment in the environs of this city, to the
store houses aforementioned, where they continued till nigh
daylight, rummaging and ransacking every place, and carry-
ing away such articles as they thought proper.
Thursday 13th, about eight o'clock in the evening,
Francis Staple, the person who has the care of Turtle bay,
came to town and informed me of the following particulars,
vizt. That about three o'clock this afternoon, the same
sloop which carried off the stores from thence in the night
of 12lh ultimo, came again to that place, and was met
by a party of the Connecticut troops, supposed to be about
fifty men, who put on board the said sloop (as near as he
could well guess) about 500 241b round shot, 50 ten
inch, and the like number of cohorn shells. They like-
wise broke open the store house, took out the major part
of what remained there, such as old sand bags, empty
boxes, &c. and then went off.
The same night about half past nine o'clock, a company
of armed men came to my dwelling house and demanded
admittance, pretending that they had received certain in-
telligence of a number of small arms being concealed in
the upper apartment of said house ; and as such were de-
termined to be satisfied by searching it, &c. which was
accordingly done to their great disappointment. They
then requested of me the keys of another store house, which
they said had not as yet been examined into, observing
that the arms must of course be certainly there ; and not-
withstanding my utmost endeavours to dissuade them to
the contrary, they violently broke open the doors of the
same, and robbed it of the following articles, vizt, two
brass petards, some tents, mostly unserviceable, a few
powder-horns, nails baskets, and other things which at
present is not in my power to particularize.
In consequence of the above facts having been repre-
sented to the civil magistrates, a deputation from their body
waited on the Committee of Safety for the Colony of New-
York, (who sit during the recess of the Provincial Con-
gress.) Tlie latter on hearing what had happened gave
nnmediate orders for printing and publishing liandbills to
the following purport, which were soon after distributed
throughout the cily.
I'Sth July, 1775. — Whereas, information hath been gi-
ven to this Committee by some of the civil magistrates of
the city of New- York, that an attack was made without
provocation, upon a boat belonging to His Majesty's ship
Asia, and the boat wantonly destroyed ; and also, that
the house and stores of Mr. Francis Stephens, were vio-
lently broken open and robbed of private property, and
military stores taken from thence ; and whereas the said
magistrates have requested the advice of this Committee
in the premises.
Ordered, That it be recommended to the civil magis-
trates to examine strictly into the several matters and things
above mentioned, and to punish all persons who are guilty
of perpetrating the same, as the law directs ; and that it
be, and it is hereby recommended to all the citizens and
others, to aid and assist the magistrates in the execution
of their offices.
A true copy from the minutes,
(Signed)
ROBERT BENSON, Secretary.
The mayor and court of aldermen, (agreeable to what
is recommended to them in the above,) proceeded to take
the depositions of several persons who were by at the
time the depredations were committed, and issued their
warrants for apprehending those who were reported to
be guilty ; but the grand jury who were sitting at the
time, and had the complaints, with man}' affidavits, laid
before them, nevertheless, thought proper to decline do-
ing any further in the affair. Nor does there appear the
smallest shadow of a probability that I shall be able to
obtain any redress, so very much are the insulters and
robbers of government's property at present befriended in
this place.
I am, with the greatest respect, sir,
Your Excellency's most obedient,
And most humble servant,
FRANCIS STEPHENS.
His Excellency the Honble. Genl. Gage.
L Francis Stephens's letter to Geo. Wray.]
Office of Ordnance, )
New-Yoric, 21st August, 1775. J
Sir — I received your letters of the 9th and 17th July, the
former accompanying your first and second bills of exchange
in my favour, on the Honourable Board of Ordnance, for
one hundred pounds sterling, which I shall endeavour to
negotiate, but with what success is by no means at pre-
sent in my power to determine, as you must, no doubt, be
sensible of the Congress having long ago forbid all per-
sons purchasing such from those who are anywise connected
with the army. However, you may depend I shall do my
utmost to surmount this difficulty, and when disposed of,
apply the amount thereof to the purpose intended.
Mrs. Gay has received her 2s. sterling per diem, from
Mr. McEvers, as have Mrs. Gillihen her £b currency per
month ; and Mr. Elphinstone has likewise received from
that gentleman his subsistence froin the month of July
and August, with Walker, the cooper, and sergeant Brown,
with one Patridge, late a mattross, has also been paid their
pensions. In respect to the mode of settling your ac-
count with the late Mr. Forman, it is by no means in my
power to advise you, as nothing has yet been done in his
affairs, otherwise than securing his papers, which are ex-
tremely numerous, and will require a person of ability,
and take up some considerable time properly to adjust
them, &c. As to Samuel Roberts, the armourer, he has
been employed for some years past as an extra artificer at
this place, and has hitherto received 4s. currency per
diem ; but on his leaving New-York, I agreed in that case,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
159
to pay him 3s. sterling per diem, equal to what he will be
allowed, should he be appointed in the room of the late
Charles Hadley, deceased, and which Mr. Richard For-
man, in a letter to him about three months since, intimat-
ed was really the case, but as I have not yet received any
letter from the Board on the subject, of course cannot at
present look upon him as such, or otherwise than an extra
armourer. He has been paid by me to the 30lh June last,
and his 3s. sterling per diem, should commence the 1st
July, reserving eighteen shillings, currency, per week,
which he desired might be paid to his wife, and which she
accordingly received from me during his absence; but I
should thmk, as he is at present situated in Boston, and im-
mediately under your direction, you had belter get him in-
cluded in your extra list, deducting from his pay the above
18s. on account of his family ; which sum I can in like
manner with the rest, debit your account. I notice what
you observed in respect to my purchasing a supply of fine
paper, and wish with all my heart, it was in my power to
comply with your request; but was I in possession of that,
or any other article which you may be ever so much ne-
cessitated for, it would not be possible for me at present,
to get them any ways conveyed from hence to Boston, as
a guard is constantly kept, in order to prevent any thing
of the kind being effected. On a shght view of your ac-
count, as it at present stands in the late Mr. Forman's books,
there appears a balance against you of £1048 4s. 3^d.
sterling ; but I don't find any credit given you for such
vouchers as you may have transmitted him during the
time you have been at Boston, and which, no doubt, must
be the case, on a further elucidation. Mr. Charles Mc-
Evers, Capt. Adye, and myself, proposed, soon after Mr.
Forman's decease, to administer to his effects ; but for
reasons since agitated, it was thought most advisable to
protract it, observing, to prevent any other person taking
out letters for that purpose. I shall certainly write to Co-
lonel Cleveland by this conveyance ; but be that as it may,
desire you will acquaint him that nothing shall be wanting
that is in my power, towards complying with his request.
In respect to the management of the business he recom-
mended, that of paying such drafts as may have been
drawn on the late Mr. Commissary Forman, and every
thing which may any wise tend to promote the good of His
Majesty's service, shall be properly attended to by, sir.
Your most obedient servant.
FRANCIS STEPHENS.
P. S. The letters which you enclosed in your last for
Mrs. Wray, were forwarded the day they were received,
viz. of 9th instant ; and the one I now send you from her,
has been a considerable time by me, waiting for an opportu-
nity. Pray be so good to cause the enclosed to be deli-
vered as directed.
Mr. Geo. Wray, Acting Commissary, &c.
Royal Artillery, at Boston.
Bloomingdale, 22d January.
From what motives can any person, who is so preemi-
nently distinguished for the goodness of their disposition,
cause so much anxiety to an affectionate friend, as you do,
my dear Oliver, I am at a loss to conceive. It wants not
many days of half a year since you have done me the fa-
vour of writing a Une ; and you are convinced, my son,
how very essential it is to my happiness to hear from you,
and that in these limes of possible danger, the mind of an
anxious and tender friend is busy in assigning such reasons
for your total silence, as must needs be distressing. For
God sake, my dear Oliver, remove my anxiety, if it is hap-
ily in your power. All your family lament your silence,
hope you enjoy as much health as ihey all do, exclusive
of your father, who has been for ten days past, confined to
his room, with the gout. The pain of it is in general bet-
ter sustained, as it is said to be instrumental in carrying off
other disorders. One ought in all things to have superior for-
titude in these times. I think they appear very threatening ;
but you are not to expect any intelligence from me, though
I should imagine every person free to write on public
transactions. Mr. Washmgton's colleague. Col. Lee, is
expected to-day in New-York ; it is imagined he is gomg
to Philadelphia, which I believe is a right conjecture. He
seems so fond of writing, that I could wish he had turned
author, as the most harmless profession, though mischief
has often happened from the pen as well as the sword. I
wish the latter was never to be drawn in America ; and
that the reestablishment of public tranquility would be pro-
claimed. 'Till that blest period arrives, I shall not know a
moment's peace. It is no small diminution of my happi-
ness that government does not permit any more packets for
New-York ; that of September was the last. It is very
unfortunate for me to be deprived of the comfort which I
usually received from the letters of my dear children and
worthy friends. There is not in America an individual so
much hurt by the unhappy affairs of America as I am. If
I had the desirable happiness of being near you, I could
easily, my dear Oliver, convince you of the truth of my
assertion. I fear my numerous letters are rather unaccep-
table to you, or you would give me some encouragement
to follow my inclination of expatiating largely on many sub-
jects ; that of my extreme tenderness for you is too near
my heart to be silent when I know of a conveyance ; and
must again repeat my earnest entreaties for a letter the
earliest opportunity. If you love me, I shall expect your
indulgence. Consider, my dear Oliver, it is your affection-
ate mother that thus solicits, and that she is deprived
of too many comforts in the evening of her life. I was
unhappy last week to hear that a Jersey battalion was gone
to Long island, as your dear brother resides there ; but it was
only to disarm a county not near him. These things will
happen, at such a period. How I wish for peace.
Our septennial assembly is now dissolved, and will be re-
elected next month. I hear four of our delegates are can-
didates for this city ; and that Oliver De Lancey will offer
himself for the borough of Westchester ; so I presume he
has done with the navy. If you hear from England, pray
let me know ; for next to hearing from you, it is my great
object, and I see no prospect of any direct conveyance
from there.
I have now only to add my most earnest request that
you will take all imaginable care of yourself. Consider
how nearly I concern myself in your health and happiness ;
and there are many others who are almost as tenderly at-
tached to you, and are ever anxious for your safety. I
need not point out to you to fortify your mmd with pious
philosophy, as I have every reason to be convinced that
you act from the best principles; and may you walk before
God with a perfect heart, and enjoy perfect happiness.
Adieu, my dearest Oliver, and preserve in remembrance
the tenderness of
Your affectionate mother and friend,
P. DE LANCEY.
Your father, brothers and sisters most kindly salute you.
Charlotte was near going to England, but the vessel was
too crowded. You will doubtless hear the Quebec intelli-
gence. Pray write to me. Mrs. Jones's kind love to you.
I hope you are warm and comfortable.
To Capt. De Lancet, of 17tti regt.
of Ligtit dragoons, Boston.
New- York, 22d jtugust, 1775.
Dear Sir — I have been favoured with your letter of the
18th ultimo, and agreeably to your request, have examined
very attentively your account with the late Mr. Commis-
sary Forman, for the year 1707, by which have the plea-
sure to inform you with the following entry, vizt :
" 23d September, mi.
"To ten months' subsistence of Corporal Simmons, paid
at Detroit, from 1st November, 1766, to 31st August, 1767 ;
160
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
amounting to twenty-one pounds, seven shillings and five
pence sterling," and which I hope includes the sum you
mentioned ; but in respect to the officers' draft, or pay list,
can not at present find either. However, if on a further ex-
amination of Mr. Forman's papers, which are numerous,
they should appear, you may depend on my forwarding the
same per first opportunity. Be pleased to present my most
respectful compliments to your good father; and with Mrs.
Stephens' and my best wishes for yours, Mrs. Farrington's
and family's welfare, &c.
I very truly am, dear sir,
Your most obedient and very humble servant,
FRANCIS STEPHENS.
Captain Farrington.
[Intercepted letter from Wm. Stuart of Dominica, to Gov. Martin
of North Carolina.]
Dominica, 19lh July, 1775.
Dear Sir — I had the honour of receiving your letter by
Dr. Anderson, who only arrived here about three weeks
ago. You have made me happy in this kind remembrance,
as well as in the advantage of an introduction to the doc-
tor, who seems highly deserving the character you have
given him, and any services I can render him ; which I
shall be ready to afford on all occasions, to such persons as
may be honoured with your recommendation.
I can send you no news from this part of the world.
Your being silent on the Continental disputes is sufficient
for my being so, unless to wish them at an end, for your
happiness and mine.
I have the honour to remain,
Very affectionately, dear sir.
Your most obed't and most hble. servt.
WM. STUART.
His E.xcellency Josiah Martin, &c.
jtsia, New-York, 21«f February, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have the pleasure to inform you that I have
uncommon success, considering my situation, the which I
have fully laid before His Excellency Genl. Howe. Lee
and his ragamuffins have so changed the face of affairs
here, that I have not been able to see Mr. Menzies, but
expect to have that pleasure soon. 1 have directed Mr.
Menzies to move my family to Long island with his own.
I understand they are all to be turned off the farms they
now possess ; if their persons are not injured, I would wil-
lingly compound with the loss of what moveables we left
behind us. Governor Tryon has promised to recommend
Mr. Thomas Lyster as my ensign ; he is brother-in-law to
Mr. Menzies : any interest you can make for him will be
gratefully acknowledged by him and your humble servant.
I have got near 40 recruits, and I make no doubt I shall have
upwards of 100 before I can have an answer from Boston.
Arms, ammunition, cash, and clothing, will be much wan-
ted. Since I wrote His Excellency, I understand Lee
goes to command in Canada. I make no doubt you have
heard of the disaster the rebels have met with before Que-
bec ; and Schuyler comes to take the command here.
Please acquaint His Excellency therewith ; though I make
no doubt Governor Tryon, who has greater opportunities
of getting intelligence, will give His Excellency the fullest
information ; though I think it my duty to do my utmost in
every respect for the good of the service.
Pork, flour, and beef might be had here, if we had some
cniisers to scour the channel between Long island and the
main, and Hudson's river. I am afraid the rebels will de-
stroy all the provisions along the seacoast before either
cruisers or troops arrive. The friends to government are
much harrassed at present, and many of the poorer sort are
forced into their service for want of other employment
whereby to support themselves and families. I am afraid
I have encroached on your time, and therefore shall add no
more,
And, I am, dear sir.
Your much obliged humble servant,
ALEXR. GRANT.
P. S. Upon my being ordered on board here, I waited
on Captain Parker, but found he had no instructions about
me. I have bespoke a fine parcel of Newtown pippins
for His Excellency and your friends at Boston ; I wish the
rebels may not destroy them ; I have nowhere to put them
in my present situation.
To Captain Robt. McKenzie,
Secretary to Genl. Howe, Boston.
^«a, Nero-York, 2Ut February, 1776.
Dear Sir — The alteration here since I left this place
last has impeded my business much, though I have got
between thirty and forty fine recruits ; if we had a conve-
nient vessel, I make no doubt I could get as many as she
would contain in a few weeks. I have not had an oppor-
tunity of seeing any of the people you sent messages to
by me. I shall take the first opportunity of acquainting
Mrs. McDonald of your intended favour, though 1 am ap-
prehensive she will be puzzled to find any person that dare
accept of her bill. I have acquainted His Excellency with
my own state, as well the state of public affairs, as far as
comes within my prescribed circle. Arms, ammunition,
cash, clothing and provisions would at present be very ac-
ceptable to the recruits. Lachn. M'Donald went along
with Gen. Clinton with 18 recruits. The Glasgow packet
got into the Hook several days after us but did not come
up to town. The opportunity by which this goes to you,
is so suddenly ordered for that service, that I am obliged
to be more concise than I would incline. My best respects
to you. Major Skeene and other acquaintances, and I am,
with respect.
Dear Sir, your much obliged humble servt.
ALEXR. GRANT.
To Maj. John Small,
of the Royal Highland Emigrants, Boston.
Fort Gage, 23d July, 1776.
Sir — I have the honour of answering your Excellency's
letter by the way of New-Orleans, the 12lh of June last.
Since which time we have had a prodigious number of
Sackies, Renards, and several other nations who inhabit
the banks of the Mississippi and the Bay ; the oldest inha-
bitants never remembered to have seen such numbers ; in
one week there were not less than five hundred. They at-
tacked a party of the Indians of this country on their sum-
mer hunt in the prairies : killed and took prisoners, men,
women and children, sixty ; in consequence of which, they
have been obliged to fly down the Mississippi, being no
longer able to maintain their ground against such powerful
enemies. I have recommended to them to settle on the
English side of the Mississippi, believing they might be
of service to the new settlers, by furnishing them with
meat. I also wrote to the superintendent, recommending
them to his protection as a quiet people, well attached to
the English. I hope your Excellency will approve of my
conduct with regard to these unhappy people.
The inhabitants are extremely alarmed at the thoughts
of changing their old neighbours, the Illinois, for some of
the other nations. The Sackies and Renards told me in
council, that it was their intention to settle here as soon as
they had accomplished their design of driving out of the
country all the Illinois and Peoria Indians, which I believe
to be done. So that, perhaps next spring, they may take
possession. I wish they may be as quiet neighbours as
the Illinois, although I greatly fear otherwise, as those
people are, when the weakest, always civil ; and when
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS,&c.
161
strongest, as surely the reverse. I shall do all in my power
to give them a favourable opinion of us ; I expect every
moment a party of 150, some of the inhabitants saw them
last night near the village. Your Excellency must not be
surprised that such large parties, and so frequent, should
greatly increase the expenses in the Indian department, and
also augment the consumption of provisions; notwithstand-
ing, I shall do all in my power to satisfy them with little,
at all times a difficult task, and frequently impossible. I
send this by the way of New-Orleans, no opportunity of-
fering for any other route. There has not come here any
one from Fort Pitt since the Shawney war ended. By the
last boats from New-Orleans, there came a report that the
Ohio was again shut up, and a number of famihes were in
consequence detained at Fort Pitt.
I have the honour to, with all possible respect, your Ex-
cellency's most obedient and most humble servant.
HUGH LORD.
[John Foxcroft's letter to Tuthill Hulbart about bills of exchange.]
New-York, Febry. 26th, 1776.
Dear Sir — You will excuse my troubling you with the
enclosed bill, which I beg you will receive in a sterling bill
of exchange if to be had, and remit it to Mr. Benson Fea-
ron, mercliant in London, advising me of it by the first
opportunity.
I must not omit mentioning to you that the first bill was
remitted to Mr. Harry Lloyd, who never acknowledged the
receipt of it, and therefore it is probably miscarried. Your
negociating this matter will lay me under a great obliga-
tion, but in return you know if I can render you any ser-
vice this way, you have only to command me.
I have not had one line from you since the affair at Lex-
ington, nor from Sukey siiace she left us. Mrs. Foxcroft
and my little girls are well^ :she joins me in sincere regards
to you and family. I should be glad to hear from you how
your office accounts stand.
I am yours, as ever.
JOHN FOXCROFT.
P. S. If Mr. Lloyd has received the money, he will re-
ceive an order to pay it to you by this opportunity, which if
does not, I must beg of you to remit it as above.
J. F.
Jlsia, New-York, Febry. 2Ut, 1776.
Mt DEAR Major — You may easily imagine how much
I am disappointed in the Viper not being yet arrived. I
should have come round at the time Mr. Grant did, had it
not been for the promise I made Col. Leslie, not to come
without his permission. Mr. Grant tells me you informed
him that you expected me at Boston, upon which authority
I should have come round now had I not been afraid of
missing a passage to Europe, in case the ship that relieves
us should now be on her way here, and if she is not I am
not sure of a passage from Boston to this place again, \n
case the colonel does not think proper to do anv thing for
me, (as I am much afraid he will not,) as I am credibly in-
formed he could easily have procured a company in the R.
Americans for me, and that you had proposed it to him,
but that he declined doing any thing in the matter, and so
it dropped. Cruel unnatural uncle, where is all that good-
ness of heart, Col. Leslie's friends boast he is possessed
of, and that I have so often heard you my dear major talk
of? I believe he either left it in Europe, or Capt. Stewart
has deprived him of it, as I cannot help imagining him the
author of all unjust reports, that I am well assured he has
always took such pains to trumpet into the colonel's ears
against me. I am surprised ihe colonel did not even deign to
write me per the Phajnix. Common civility, especially from
the polite colonel, would have induced him to answer a
stranger, but a nephew is not worth bestowing so much lime
upon. But indeed he has a very good reason, " I am not
the penitent," he says. I wish I knew how to convince
[Vol. II.] 41
him, but that I despair to do. As matters are now come to
the worst they can arrive at with me, I will be plain and
honest with you as to my intentions. If the colonel and you
will assure me of a company in the R. Americans, I will
come round to Boston by the first opportunity, if not, I
shall go home in the Asia. I should have gone home in
the Sampson, but after I had secured a passage. Col. Dal-
rimple who freights a half of the ship would not allow of
it, for which civility the colonel and I must settle accounts
the first time we meet. I should not have permitted him to
depart without a turn or two on Governor's island, only I
was afraid of offending Capt. Vandeput, who has been a
second father to me ; however we may probably meet some
other time, if we do not soon, I shall make it my business
to throw myself in his way. But enough of this. I have
now my dear major told you my intentions which I beg
you will inform the colonel of, and let me know his determi-
nation by the first opportunity, as I am determined to go
home and know from my father's own mouth what I am
to trust to unless the colonel promotes me in the army, if I
come round it will be necessary the colonel send me some
cash. I received a letter from Mrs. Horsfall, who informs
me you proposed getting me a lieutenancy in the 71st regi-
ment, and hopes by the conveyance she sent it I will have
a certainty of it. Write fully Col. Leslie's mind, you are
well acquainted with it ; let me know if there is a single
grain of affection in it for me : what you tell me shall never
go further. The ship is now under sail I have no more time
but to assure you that I am.
Your obliged friend and hble. servt.
ROSEHILL.
P. S. If I have not time to write, compliments to Mrs.
Horsfall.
August the 2m 1775.
I have, Capt. Stewart, with the utmost punctuality, exe-
cuted your commission, and have the pleasure to inform
you that your dear Billy is in perfect health ; he has been
with us three days, in order to be measured for new
clothes, shirts, &c. and last night I went with him to
school ; he is extremely delighted with the idea of your
returning to England in the winter. For his sake, (dear
boy !) and your own safety, I sincerely wish you may ;
but alas, there appears to be but little probability of it at
present. There is not any body I converse with, who is
not interested in this unfortunate affair ; some lament the
loss of their relations, others, the departure of their friends ;
while I daily offer up my prayers to Almighty God for
your preservation.
You desire I would forgive you, and so I really do ; in-
deed, Mr. Stewart, there is nothing the most sincere
friendship can perform, that I will not cheerfully obey you
in at all times, and more, 1 never can again be persuaded
you desire. I would not have deferred writing till this
time, had there been a possibility of doing it sooner, but
I was not happy enough to be in town when your letters
came, nor did I receive them till three weeks after they
were delivered to the family. I then went to your agent,
who informed me your brother had been with him and left
word he was to pay the money to a Miss Lee ; but wlien I
produced your order, he immediately paid me the cash.
I then went to the schoolmaster, paid seven pounds seven
shillings for half a year's board ; the receipt of which I
will not enclose, for fear this should miscarry, but will pre-
serve it for you, with a true account of the money laid
out for the dear child. And now, Mr. Stewart, accept my
most grateful thanks for the favour done me; I mean the
remittance, which I shall consider myself accountable for,
and hope shall have it in my power some time to return
the kindness.
With respect to our family affairs, which you desire I
should give you an account of, they are too painful for me
to recite, and will be unpleasant for you to read, therefore,
162
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
will not trouble you with them at present; but when you
come home, as 1 sincerely hope you will safe, (though not
to me,) we shall have a great deal to tell you.
Mrs. Brooks, who, before, I told you was run away, is
now very safely returned, and has, I hear, paid one quar-
ter's board, likewise bought two shirts, two pair of stock-
ings, and one pair of shoes, and something more, which
the people had laid out. But she solemnly declares it is
her own money, and calls God to witness that she never
received a shilling of yours ; which I know to be untrue,
as the agent informed me that a woman, whose name was
Brooks, had received money for the use of your child, but
he had orders not to let her have any more. Mr. New-
berry has wrote you to acknowledge the receipt of your
money by me. All the family desire their kind respects
to you, are extremely anxious for your safe return. Your
dear boy likewise desired I would write his duty.
And now, Mr. Stewart, farewell. Accept the kindest
wishes of your sincere friend,
DIANA WEST.
P. S. Pray direct as usual.
Pray write every opportunity. The news of your wel-
fare is ever grateful to me, Mr. Stewart, and ever
will be.
Mrs. Brooks, it seems, is very much enraged at your
being informed of her past conduct, and says she has
wrote you a long letter about it.
To Capt. Chas. Stewart, of the Marines,
£oston camp, New-Eogland.
Halifax, Jlugt. 29th, 1775.
Mr. John Greenlow :
Dear Sir — As the very disagreeable situation oi"
the quarrels betwixt Great Britain and her Colonies,
makes us very anxious about the security of the little pro-
perty we have on your side the Atlantic ; and though we
are well convinced of your honour, from the pleasing ac-
counts we had of your house from all our friends ; yet we
hope you will not charge us with an unbecoming boldness
in begging the favour of you to make us a remittance for
the last year's invoices, being really distressed by the dis-
honouring of some bills from America to a considerable
amount, as well as desirous of being relieved from the
anxiety we can not but feel for the state of our property
in such unsettled times. Praying your speedy and fa-
vourable attention to this request, and assuring you how
happy we shall be in the continuance of your correspon-
dence when the times wear a more favourable aspect.
We are, with esteem and regard, sir.
Your obedient and assured servts.
CHRISR. RAWSON & SON.
To Mr. Jno. Geeenlow, merchant,
Boston, New-England.
[Mrs. Sime's letter to her son, James Frazer, soldier.]
Coupar of Angus, August 21th, 1775.
My dear and loving Son —
I received your letter, dated June the 24th, and we
are all glad to hear that you are in the land of the living.
Considering your misfortune in being wounded four times,
you ought to bless God, who crowned your head in the
day of battle. Dear son, this comes with my kind love
to you and is to let you know that we are all in good health
at present, hoping with all my heart that these few lines
will find you and your spouse in the same. James, you
may write when this comes to your hand and let us know
if you think to get your discharge or not.
Dear son, I have no news to write, but you may tell your
spouse that her sister had a child by a young man, her
master, but the child was dead born. Your wife's father
and mother and brother are well, and sends their compli-
ments to you both. Elizabeth Yates's father, mother and
brother are all well.
Your sister sends her kind compliments to you and your
spouse ; all friends send their service to you, wishing you
both well.
This is all at present. From your loving mother till
death.
JEAN SIME.
[Mrs. Fleeming's letter to John Fleeming, her husband.]
August 16th, 1775, 12 (^clock at night.
My dear, dear love — I yesterday received an answer
to my letter from Mr. O. now Sir G. E. The contents
were a cordial to my afflicted heart. He has not only
given you leave to come out, but advises you to do it im-
mediately, and has kindly promised to write for you him-
self. He sent me a twenty pound note to bear my ex-
penses to London. He wished I had brought a letter from
Genl. Gage. I told him the reason that I did not, viz. that
you intended to get one yourself, and that we could not
with propriety expect two. Do not fail to get as strong a
recommendation as can be given. You certainly have a
right to expect a warm one for the service you have done
government. I shall, immediately on my arrival in Lon-
don, get Mr. to present a memorial for me to Lord
North. This is a piece of his advice also. The thoughts
of soon seeing my beloved husband, will, I hope, support
my spirits and enable me to go through all the necessary
business before your arrival. God grant you may get home
before my time is out. Mind and get cambric to ruffle
your shirts ; Betsey Ross has got them to make. I ask
your pardon for trifling with you about her, for indeed I
would sooner think of your marrying Mrs. Thompson or
Sally Curtis, as her ; but she is good, though not bonny.
Indeed I do not find any of your old sweethearts handsome
enough to make me jealous. Anne Grey has been here
this afternoon and kissed me half to death. In short, the
people here are prodigiously fond of kissing. If you do
not make haste they will entirely devour me, for I am an
immense favourite wherever I go. Have been to Edin-
burgh ; went with Mrs. Blanskill ; of consequence kept at
her house ; but I could not get leave to dine with her but
one day, though was four in town. I should have stayed
longer, but was so teazed to go to the ridotto, the plays
and assemblies that I could get no rest. It is the time of
the races, which is the occasion of these public diversions.
I dined one day at Leaven Lodge, at Mr. Williamson's.
We had a very superb entertainment. The situation is
most delightful. The room we dined in was ornamented
with some exceeding fine paintings ; a beautiful organ
and several other instruments of music. We had a con-
cert after dinner. The old gentleman was particularly
fond of me ; came constantly to offer his services while I
was in Edinburgh, and supplied me with excellent fruit.
Indeed if I were vain I should fancy that every one that
saw me loved me ; they take such pains to please and en-
tertain me. The children are well and my spirits are rather
better since I received the welcome letter from London,
but I do not yet observe any alteration in my health for the
better, yet I hope to be better with a sight of you and to
enjoy many happy days ; that this may be the case is the
ardent wish of my dear, dear love.
Your affectionate, fond wife,
A. FLEEMING.
P. S. Remember me to Baldwin, and read such parts
of my letters as you think will entertain him. I will write
him when I go to London. If you can bring some ground
coffee I shall be glad, and do not fail to bring out paper,
pens and inks. Oh, the inexpressible happiness I feel at
the idea of seeing you once more. Remember me to
Capt. Alcock, little Burroughs, and all inquiring friends.
Mr. Stewart, I suppose, will take your stationery. I hope
you will make a little profit, it is hard if you do not.
To Mr. John Fleeming, Boston, New-England.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
163
^sia, now lying at New-York, Feb. the 21st, 1776.
Dear Brother — This comes with my kind love to you,
hoping these few hnes will find you in as good a state of
health as I enjoy at present. Thanks be to God for it. I
take this opportunity to write to you to let you know that
we have been very quiet for the time we have been here ;
but since this Genl. Lee has been here with his troops we
have been a little restlesss, for they have got since they
have been here, out of the battery, between 70 and 80
pieces of cannon ; planted them around the town from one
side of the river to the other ; but we still stop all their
trade. But, dear brother, I should be very glad to know
if you keep your health, or what situation you are in ; and
hkewise my brother Ralph, if I could but hear from him ;
but I think it is rather cold of you not to send me a letter
of some kind. I should have sent you a letter when you
were in the West-Indies if it had not been for the port
being stopt up, for no vessel could trade. And I am very
sorry that you are come into this cold country, for I am
afraid it will not agree with you after being used to the
warm climate. The second day that I left Boston we met
with a ship with soldiers on board ; we went on board and
I got a letter out of her, from my aunt, concerning our
mother's death, when I thought it was the worst news that
ever I heard of in my life ; and in the letter she told me
that she had sent you one, and likewise my brother Ralph ;
but whether you got it or not I can not tell ; but I dare say
you have heard of it, since she told me in the next letter
of your having a fit of sickness, very severe, which I was
very sorry to hear of. We did expect you round here to
relieve us, but nowas we hear that the Preston has gone
home I suppose your ship will stay in her room, so that I
am out of all hopes of seeing you this trip. But, dear
brother, do not forget to send me an answer by the return
of the schooner, and give me an account how affairs go on
at home, betwixt our father-in-law and our aunt, for I
believe they are at variance. And I wish you had thought
of bringing out my chest and clothes which I am very
sorry for leaving behind, for I am very much in want of
them.
So no more at present, from your loving brother till
death.
THOMAS JOHNSON.
For Mr. William Johnson, on board of
His Majesty's ship the Chatham, at Boston.
New-York, 2^1 h J any. 1776.
Sir — I take this favourable opportunity to acquaint you
that I am in good health ; I bless God, and hope this will
find you in the same. I am now in confinement in the
City Hall in the city of New-York, but hope to be soon
released therefrom. As soon as that happens, I shall pay
you a visit, if nothing happens me extraordinary. The
bearer hereof is a gentleman, and a friend of mine, there-
fore let him be yours ; and you will find him worthy your
acquaintance. He is a man of science and education, and
courage ; if you can serve him in any respect please do
it, and it will oblige me.
I am, sir, your most obt. hble. servt.
PETER GANTER.
Mr. Wm. Cunningham.
[A letter from Mr. and Mrs. Brown to John Osborn, soldier.]
Hulcutt, .August 2Uh, 1775.
Dear Brother and Sister — This comes with our kind
love to you, hoping it will find you in good health as we
are at present, thank God for it. Dear sister, when we re-
ceived your last, we had great hopes of seeing you in Eng-
land before this time, but now find that we are disappointed
of the hapiness of seeing you at present, by the disturb-
ance that has broke out in America ; but hope God Al-
mighty in his mercy and goodness, will keep and preserve
you in all your troubles and dangers, and when the differ-
ence is made up between the Americans and government
(which we hope it soon will be) we shall once more liave
the pleasure of seeing you in Old England. In the mean
time, I hope you will write to us the first opportunity, as
we long to know how you fare. Brother Ellis desires his
kindlove to you, and would be glad to see you in England once
again. Likewise your son Thomas Ewlelt and his wife
are in good health, and desire to remember their duty to
you. So no more at present, but all our kind loves to you,
wishing we may have the pleasure of seeing you in Eng-
land soon.
From your ever loving brother and sister
BROWN.
Asia, now laying at New-York, Feb. 21st, 1776.
Dear Brother — I take the opportunity to write to you,
hoping these few lines will find you in as good state of
health as I enjoy at present, thanks be to God for it. But
dear brother, I think it is a little cold of you not to send
me a letter, as you had the fairest opportunity. I should
have sent to you before, but it is a nice point to get a
letter, any where since the port has been stopt up. We did
expect to have the Chatham around here to relieve us, but
as we hear the Preston has gone home, we expect she will
stay in her room ; but still, as the ships are becoming due,
I dare say we shall have some one here to reheve us. And,
dear brother, I should be very glad to hear if you have got
a letter from our father, or whether you have heard from
our brother James or no ; I should be very glad to hear of
him. And if you have, do not forget to let me know in
the return of your letter, as I should be very glad to
have an answer from you, to know how you are and in
what situation you are in, for we have been pretty easy here.
Since the General has been here with his troops we have
been a little restless, but still stop their trade. They have
likewise taken between 70 and 80 pieces of cannon out
of the north battery, and fortified the town very strong
against us. But still that does not give us the least con-
cern, for it lays to our mercy any time. So, dear brother,
do not forget to let me hear from you, and how affairs goes
on at present at Boston, So no more at present.
From vour ever loving brother until death,
SAMUEL TULK.
[Francis Staple's letter to Thomas Wallis.]
Turtle Bay, July 20th, 1775.
Dear Sir — I had just time to see Mr. Willis before he
left New- York. I received your letter the same day. I
acquainted him of your desire. I return you thanks for
your advice to see Captain Hutchinson. I acquainted him
of the loss of my horse. He told me that I should let him
have it in writing, and he would write to Boston and do all
that lay in his power for me ; so I hope by this time you
may have heard something about it. I received the gene-
ral proclamation, and I am greatly obliged to you for it.
We have got no account from your part for some time.
The New-Yorkers have burnt the Asia's boat, and they are
sending reinforcements to the back forts. They have been
at the King's stores again, and tiken all out at Turtle
Bay, and the same at New-York, I had good luck in get-
ting your sleigh out in good time; I have got it safe at my
father's house. Here is nothing talked of but war, and
getting ready. There is an account here that Lord North
is gone to France, and that the Parliament House is pulled
down ; but that is like the rest of the stuft'. I am sorry
you do not find it so plentiful in Boston as you did. I
hope you will excuse me in not writing by Mr. Willis, for
Mr. Stephens sent for me from Turtle Bay, and gave me
your letter, and told me that I must go back again. I am
very glad to hear your favourite is well, and the few re-
maining friends ; by this I suppose your brothers and sis-
ters have left Boston. I hope you will give my humie re-
spects to them, and Mr. Willis, and your brother, and all
friends.
From your most humble servant,
FRS. STAPLE.
To Mr. Thomas Wallis.
164
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Arch'd Dalziel's letter to Edward Church.]
London, 31st August, 1775.
Dear Sir — I hope my long leller of the 3d instant
reached you ; but in case it has not, it will be necessary to
make a brief recapitulation. It began with some observa-
tions on the alarming situation of affairs at home and
abroad ; expressed some apprehensions for your safety,
and entreated you to fly to some more safe and peaceful
asylum. It then made mention of the short and agreeable
passage I had in the Nancy, my good opinion of Harry,
my doubts whether Ben would make a good seaman, my
intention of sending the Nancy to sea, and of getting an-
other vessel in lieu of the Archy, with which I was displea-
sed on account of her bad sailing. It next gave an account
of the loss of the schooner's jibs and the safety of the **h*;
mentioned what a discouraging time it was for adventurers,
the difficulties I should labour under in procuring cash for
the outfits, the refusal of Johnston's bill, and my disap-
pointment at getting no remittance from Duncan, nor from
Champion and Dickason. Further, it made you acquain-
ted with my intention of going round to the West Indies
by way of Guinea ; desired you, if still in America, to pro-
cure a vessel if possible, agreeably to the hint you formerly
gave me, and carry her to the West Indies. This vessel
was to be rather above than under 100 tons, 3 feel 6 inches
between decks, a good sailer ; her sails British canvas.
Lastly, it treated of a subject about which we conversed at
parting, not necessary to be repeated here, and contained a
letter to a near friend of yours. This is the substance of
my last.
The Nancy will be delayed a little longer than I expec-
ted. I only got her out of the carpenter's hands yester-
day. They have finished her completely. She will have
her cargo on board and drop down to Gravesend in ten
days. Anderson, (late master of the Archy,) goes out in
her, and I follow in about six weeks in the Hannah; a ship
which I have bargained for, and given the Archy as part
payment. The price, including carpenter's repairs, is
£480 sterling. She will cost a deal of money to fit her
out, and will require a large cargo ; but then she will carry
250 or 300 negroes. I'he whole adventure, ship and
schooner, will amount to between five and six thousand
pounds. God knows how I shall get through this increased
concern : I am determined to make a push. This ship was
raised at Rhode-Island, being formerly a Bermuda sloop,
by Ferguson. She was called the Liberty, and commanded
by a Captain Crump, so that if you are still in that quarter
you may get an account of her. I take the command of
her myself, and Harry is first mate. When I get on the
coast I leave her and Harry with Anderson, and proceed to
the West Indies in the Nancy, where I hope to meet you
about January or February next. I am in hopes to get a
credit on Holland, where I purpose laying in part of the
Hannah's cargo, as there are many articles which I can
have there on much more easy terms than in London. All
the outward bound Guinea men have been stopped and their
powder taken out. Luckily for us, I want none. I still
hope the Nancy will arrive at her place of destination be-
fore any of the vessels that are bound there.
I have received very discouraging accounts from Ja-
maica. I am afraid my debts there are desperate. So
much the more it behooves me to be active. My presence
in Africa I think will be of advantage to the adventure. I
hope I shall be able to establish a concern on an advanta-
geous footing.
I told you in my last of the arrival of sister Fleeming. I
expect her and my sister every day. I had sent for Bessy,
as I feared I could not get to Scotland agreeable to my ori-
ginal plan. None of my friends yet know of my going out
again.
With respect to a friend of yours, my attachment con-
tinues ; but I must not suffer it to grow till I have some
proofs that I am approved of. I am uneasy on account of
your father's family, and wish they too were removed from
the Continent for a while. I wish your sisier would ac-
company you. My love to Mrs, Church and Nancy.
I ever am, my dear sir, most faithfully yours.
ARCHD. DALZIEL.
I would write much more particularly, were it not for
the uncertainty of your getting my letter.
Mr. Edward Chuech.
London, 2Ut August, 1775.
My dear Sir — I received yours of the 18th ult. covering
one to Mrs. Fleeming, which I instantly transmitted to
Scotland, I expect my two dear sisters are by this time
on their way to London. I enclose you a letter which I
had about a week ago, but no opportunity has since offered
of sending it directly to Boston, 1 believe at last it must go
by the way of Ireland, Mrs. Fleeming will give you all
the particulars about Scotland, and I can tell you nothing
new from London, as you have it all in the papers. The
last petition from the Congress met with the fate of the
former ones. Great warlike preparations are making at
the Tower, and recruits are raising all over the three king-
doms. Wilkes and his party are at present very quiet.
No fresh remonstrance preparing as yet. A letter has ap-
peared lately, said to be written by General Burgoyne to
Lee, but many people doubt the authenticity of it. I give
Mr. Baldwyn joy on his promotion. I hope Capt. Alcock
was not dangerously wounded. But Mrs. F. will tell me
these particulars. Please present my respects to the Ma-
jor when you see him.
I am happy to hear you are to be called home, I pray
you may speedily be restored to the arms of your affection-
ate wife, never to be severed more. I shall be gone before
this happy event can take place, but we shall meet again.
T accepted your bill, make yourself quite easy on that head.
I cannot find Duncan, I suspect they deny him to me ; he
has not thought proper to give me a call though I left my
direction. When I call, I commonly see a young woman
whom I take to be his wife, she behaves rather pertly than
otherwise ; perhaps she has not given Duncan the letter ;
1 shall try to find him out.
I wrote to you some time ago, enclosing a letter from
your wife, and one to Mr. Church, These letters went
out by the aid of my friend Cargill, in a box of surgeon's
instruments, to the care of Dr, Bruce ; I hope you receiv-
ed them. Enclosed I send a few lines more to Mr. Church,
which I beg you will contrive to transmit to him, either by
land or vpater. I ever am, niy dear Jock,
Most assuredly yours,
ARCHD. DALZIEL,
Mr. Church desired me to direct to the care of Mr. Leo-
nard Jarvis, Dartmouth. But letters sent to Rhode Island
to George Chance or Robert Ferguson, will be take care of.
Mr. John Fleeming.
New-York, August 11, 1775.
Dear Son — I received your last letter dated June 15th,
which gives us a great deal of pleasure to hear you were
all in good health, as thank God, we are, at present. We
embrace this opportunity, with a great deal of pleasure, to
write to you, as there is a transport ship here now; I hope
it will not miscarry. I am not a little surprised to hear
there was several letters on board the said ship, and not one
for me. It makes me very uneasy to think in what trouble
you are in. We have had an account some time ago, of
Charlestown being burnt, likewise of several skirmishes
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
165
happening at Boston. I am very glad to hear that you
have plenty of fresh provision ; hope it may last, but I am
afraid it will not. I believe Caty has altered her mind in
regard to coming here to New-York ; I have wrote her in
two former letters, per favour of Mrs. Smith and Mr. Cros-
by, that there is not the least danger of coming here, as it
is very peaceable and quiet here at present ; hope it may
continue so. It is true, times here are very hard ; business
in general is much stagnated, and the most that is done
here is expedition work. If Caty and you agree that Caty
is to come here at York, the sooner she comes the better.
We have a house prepared in the English neighbourhood
if there should come any trouble here. We have the plea-
sure to acquaint you that Debby is brought to bed of a fine
lusty son, and so far we are from forgetting you, that you
are the godfather of that fine boy, named after you, Thomas
Man, born the ninth day of July. Debby is bravely. We
have your name amongst us, but we wish more to have
your person and family here. My dear children, I hope
the Lord may take care of you and us in this troublesome
and afflicting time, that His hand may be ever about us,
and keep us in safety, and in His good time may restore
us to one another in love, to enjoy one another's company.
I must acquaint you that John is continually at work from
home ; next week he goes to Long island, therefore has
no opportunity of writing. I must now conclude wiih re-
membering our best love to you and Caty, and first, my
best love be with you; Post's and Debby's love to you, like-
wise, John, Betsey, and Peggy's duty and esteem is de-
sired to be remembered to you ; uncle John and aunt Jen-
ny's love, Molly and Cresia's and Mr. and Mrs. Low's
compliments and love to you. And now my dear children,
I remain your ever loving mother,
CATHARINE SMITH.
P. S. Our kind love to Mr. Piety, hope he is well and
hearty.
Mr. Thomas C. Man, Boston.
Neto-York, Lecemr. nth, 1775.
Mr. Henry Lloyd,
Sir — Herewith you have the certificates for pay of
the vessels, which be so good as get signed, and forward
first and second to Mr. Blackburn and send the third here
per first conveyance ; those sent per Mr. Nixon, he was
obliged to destroy.
I am, with great respect for Mr. Henry White,
Sir, your mo. obedt. servt.
JOHN SICKELS.
To Henry Lloyd, Esqr.
Philadelphia, December 4th, 1775.
Dgar Husband — This is to let you know that I am
well and our son John is very well. My dear, this is the
seventh letter that I wrote to you since I received yours
from Calais, and I am much surprised that your neverwrote
me a letter since you was taken into Boston. They tell
me that you are acquitted and cleared out from Boston,
but is not certain of it. I have met with several grievances
since I had the pleasure of seeing you, but amongst the
rest this is a great one, to think that you are disappointed
and delayed, and I should be very glad to get a letter from
you. Mr. Mead has wrote to you, and Mr. Bridges and
Mr. Burns, they all expect your answer. We cannot tell
the reason why you had not wrote to us, for they are all
your friends and have wrote to you with a good intention.
My dear, as I am not sure that this letter should find you
in Boston, I will defer acquainting you with further par-
ticulars till I have the pleasure of seeing you, as 1 expect
that will be as soon as convenient. No more at present
from your ever loving wife.
CATHARINE MOLLOWNY.
To Capt. John Mollownt.
[Vol. U.J 42
London, 5th jlugt. 1775.
Dear Sir — 1 duly received your very kind favours of the
I4lh April and 6th May, and am very much obliged by
your friendly observations, on the nature, constitution and
state of the different fisheries in the bay of Chaleur, to-
gether with the natural objects which ought to be my pur-
suit.* For your very judicious and friendly advice herein,
I thank you kindly, and esteem your attention in this par-
ticular, and as a fresh proof of your friendship, which I
shall be glad you will cherish, by a continuance of such
observations as may occur to you from time to time, which
I shall ever esteem myself obliged by receiving.
As to the lease of Mirimachi, which I wished to have
got from Baillie's attorney or you, I am afraid that matter
is at an end, as before receipt of your letter on that sub-
ject, application had been made to them to grant a lease to
Mr. Cort, which I had rejected, supposing, as was very
natural, that few people could be met with here to take a
lease of it ; and that I might probably have an opportuni-
ty of purchasing it. I should not, however, risked this
matter, if Mr. Walker had not made me understand that
you had unlimited powers from them to lease, or even sell
this property ; and as I had in the first instance applied to
you, I did not think any application to them necessary, by
which I am for the present deprived of carrying on busi-
ness at Mirimachi. My principal objections to a lease was
that after sundry improvements might be made during the
period of it, the rent might be advanced, or a new lease
refused, after such improvements were made ; and there-
fore I proposed to them to be a purchaser. But the mat-
ter being now fixed otherwise, I have only to return you
my thanks for the trouble you have so obligingly taken in
the affair. In consequence of your desire, I have held
myself in readiness to acquit (in case of need,) the bill you
mention to have drawn favouring James Robertson, when
applied unto by Mr. William Ross ; but never having any
application from him, I concluded he had paid it. On
sending to him this morning, I was exceedingly mortified
to find that he suffered it to be protested, and that with-
out ever sending me a message. I have since traced the
bill, and am very sorry to inform you that the holder of it
has returned to Philadelphia, from whence it was remitted
to him. It was very unfortunate that Mr. Ross did not let
me know that he would not pay it ; if he had, you may de-
pend I would not have suffered it to return under dishonour.
As to the purchase of your grant of land at Nipisiquit, it
remains just as it did when I last had the pleasure to ad-
dress you ; and at present, I see little probability of my
being a purchaser for it, especially as there is an idea of
enforcing payment of the quit rents, which will be a great bar
and objection to cultivation in that inhospitable climate. I
am not surprised, nor do I condemn it as an improper mea-
sure in administration. I think they have made America
independent too soon, and the only way to prevent future
evils from the same causes, is to keep new Colonies more
dependent upon government. The unhappy breach be-
tween the disaffected Colonies and this country seems to
widen. I see no means left to heal it. It will cost the
country much money, and the life of many a brave soldier
to establish the sovereignly of this country over America ;
but it must be done, be the purchase what it may. I find
that Genl. Gage is recalled; his mild measures may have
sprung from the feelings of humanity, of which lie has a
great deal ; but this sort of man is by no means proper to
take the lead in so important a question. As it has now
become, he is much blamed here for not taking prior pos-
session of the heights of Charlestown, that cost so dear
on 17th Juno, to retake. This unfortunate affair seems to
throw such a complexion on America matters, as if noth-
ing conclusive could be done till fresh reinforcements ar-
rive from hence, which will probably make it so late that
nothing will be effectually done this summer. Should this
be the case, I suppose you will have a good deal of com-
pany at Halifax this winter, as I find that a great part of
166
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
tlie naval force now at Boston, will winter in your harbour.
I shall be very glad to hear from you,
And remain with great truth,
Very respectfully and truly,
Your much obliged, and most obt. hble. servt.
JNO. SHOOLBUD.
P. S. The enclosed two letters I beg you will particu-
larly recommend to the care of some of your friends at the
island of St. Johns. All our communication to the bay of
Chaleur via Quebec, is slopped by the Provincials at New-
York, having took the posts mto their own hands.
To Capt. Thomas Batt.
New-York, 22d jlugust, 1775.
Dear Sister — I take this opportunity with great joy
to let you know that I and my family are well, and I hope
with llic blessing of God these lines may find you in the
same ; but wc all think you are both dead, as we can not
hear a word from you. We all lament your deplorable
case of the loss of Mrs. Brasher, and your situation in
being blocked in Boston. Father and mother frets much
about you, and if you are alive and can come home,
for God sake come home ; all things is peaceable here.
I have laboured hard to hear from you, but it is all in vain.
We have got no letter from you since the death of your
husband. God in his Providence has been pleased to
place you in the seat of war, and may he bring you in
your own native town, where you may enjoy the comforts
of life once more. My wife remembers her love to you.
I was at Brunswick a few days ago and your daughter was
well. If you cannot come home, write three or four letters
and direct one to Doctor Acmuty for me. So no more at
present, but remain your loving brother till death.
TOBIAS NORWOOD.
To Mrs. Brasher.
P. S. I will send two more letters to you, one will be
directed to Capt. Mountresure and one to Mr. Man.
Liverpool, Sept. 2Ut, 1775.
Dear Son — This comes with my blessing to you, hoping
these few lines will find you in as good health as this leaves
me at present, thanks be to God for it ; but I have been
very ill, likewise very unhappy. As your master would
not let you come with Capt. Smith, I think he is as un-
generous a man as ever was in the world ; I did not think
he would have served me so. As long as Capt. Smith
would have given you proper wages for his benefit, I
should have scorned to have encouraged you to have left
him, though your indentures I now understand are not
good for any thing, and as he has put roguery in my head
1 insist that he let you come or else come without his
leave. I think he might if he had any conscience at all,
to have been glad you could have left the place till such
times that things were settled in America. I got a letter
from my husband, dated the 1 0th of May, wherein he de-
sired to be remembered to you when I either write to you
or see you, if it please God to spare his life, I hope to see
him in five months' time. Your uncle and aunt was well
last month and desired to be remembered to you ; they have
a little girl, and she says her cousin Joey will bring her a
parrot. My dear, I long to see you, but I think you do not
thinkmuch of me or you would have insisted on coming with
Capt. Smith. Your cousins all desire to be remembered
to you ; they are asking me every day when you will come.
Sally Price is with me yet, and she desires to be re-
membered to you. But poor Tommy Price was knocked
over board by the anchor and drowned at the rock, at the
very day that you was seventeen years of age. Tommy and
Nelly Rider send their love to you. So my dear I beg
you will find an opportunity to write to me as soon as
possible, for I shall be very unhappy till I hear from you
or see you. So no more but my prayers to God for you.
From your loving mother.
MARTHA JENKINS.
P. S. Pray give my compliments to Mrs. Alen and tell
her Capt. Smith and Mr. Alen are gone to Riga; they
have been gone belter than two months ; and I suppose in
another month they will be expected, if it please God, in
Liverpool. And then I suppose as all the American ships
go in their ballast home, they will do the same.
To Mr. Joseph Remick.
Jlsia, New-York, December ISlh, 1775.
Dear Brother and Sister —
The bearer, Mr. Smith, is a friend of mine, I hope
you will receive him as such, and recommend him to bro-
ther and sister Bunn ; he is master's mate of the Asia man
of war, and when I was obliged to fly for refuge, he re-
ceived me very kindly and treated me as a gentleman, and
can give you the particulars of the times and proceedings
of the American rebels. They have deprived me of car-
rying on my business, on which I have applied to Governor
Tryon, and have proved him my very worthy friend, in
recommending me by him to Brigadier-General Robinson,
at Boston, and shall sail for there to-morrow, and my wife,
if time permit. We are both in good health and hope this
will find you both, brother and sister Bunn, and all friends,
and remain your ever well wishing and aflfectionate bro-
ther, &c.
JAMES WEBB.
[Mrs. Tyack lo her husband, Thomas Tyack.]
Flushing, March the Alh, 1775.
Dear Husband, but most ungenerous one lo me, it is
certain I am surprised to think you could never get pen,
ink nor paper since last July, now almost seven months, to
send me an answer to the two letters I sent you in the
Duke and Halifax. I am certain you must get them, but
I suppose your mind is altered since your last, and the will
and power forgot to send to me ; but I suppose that is
made to your new wife in America. I presume you are
like the rest of your sex, gel one in every port. Now you
know there is one year gone of your banishment, as I may
call it, and you have not worslened yourself a farthing for
me ; but I believe there is not another such a man in the
universal world as you, that can boast of having a wife five
years and have not seen her this four years, and have had
two fine boys, angels I mean, if I do not mistake ; the
eldest you have never seen since he was nine months old,
and the youngest never set your eyes on. Oh ! my dear
husband, I should think your heart would break at the
thought of my last words ; if you do not observe it the first
reading, peruse it over again, and think what misfortunes,
troubles and difficulties I have gone through for my dear
angels. Oh ! that word makes me shudder when I think
of it, births and deaths that never cost you one penny, and
yet God's great goodness has helped me out of it all ; and
you know I can get my living very well and very honest
too ; but still I should imagine it was a father's part to
help his infants a little too, and not leave it all for the mother
lo do, but I worked for my dear infants with pleasure ; but
now ihey do not want your help ; that is a good word for
you ; you are glad on it, I dare say. But I should be glad
of your will and power if you send it, perhaps it may do
me a little service, and then I shall be able to get a house
furnished very handsome against you do come home to go
in a packet if you choose it. I fancy there is a little differ-
ence in that and a man of war, where you had no business
to go, I am sure.
If you do not answer this, I shall never trouble you any
more with a letter, but then I may come in person perhaps
before the next year is out ; I may if I please. But if you
think it worth your while to write me and send what you
promised, I shall be very glad to receive it, that will not be
much amongst the rest to pay for ; but if you do send,
direct it lo Mr. Thomas Bell, on board of the Halifax pack-
et, Captn. Balisin, to be left at the post-office till called
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
167
for, and be sure and put it in the post-office at Boston your-
self, or I shall never have it, and I beg you will go or send
there sometimes to see whether there is one for you.
All friends wish to be remembered to you. I have a
great deal more to say if lime would permit, but must con-
clude.
Your ever loving and affectionate, though deserted wife,
ELIZABETH TYACK.
P. S. My dear husband, you will wish, if you have not
already, that you had never left me and used me so ill as
you have ; but here I am young again now to my sorrow,
my dear, dear Tommy Tyack, if you did but know what
I do. But do not forget to send me an answer.
To Mr. Thomas Tyack, on board of His Majesty's
ship the Preston, Admiral Graves, at Boston,
America.
[William McDermott's letter to John Kelly.]
Jisia, 7th February.
Dear Sir — I suppose by this time you have heard of
my situation, but thank God have escaped their villainous
treachery in attempting to make a prisoner of me for bring-
ing intelligence on board the King's ships, which I now
dare to say they were not far out. Captn. Vandeput has
treated me very kindly and has recommended me to Genl.
Clinton, who sails on a secret expedition the morrow on
board the Mercury, I believe for Virginia, but is kept a
profound secret. He has got a number of recruits on
board the transport. I shall embrace this opportunity of
going with him, as I make no doubt, from what Captn.
Vandeput told me, I shall meet with success. It distress-
ed me beyond expression that I had it not in my power to
bid you farewell ; but when you consider my situation, I
need not "make an apology, as I am persuaded it will be
the last letter I shall have the pleasure of writing to you.
I think it my duty to return my sincere thanks for the many
civilities and kind friendships you have shown me since I
had the honour of your acquaintance. ' As I have not time
to write to my friends in Ireland, I shall be much obliged
to you to acquaint them of my intentions. I need not
dwell any further on that subject, as I make no doubt you
will do all that lies in your power for my interest and take
the earliest opportunity. It grieves me beyond expression
to be under the disagreeable necessity of applying to you
at this present time, but having no other friend in whom I
may take this liberty, induces me to be troublesome. My
situation here I do assure you is so distressing that I am
unable to make it appear ; though, thank God, have a fine
prospect of doing well. I have not got a second shirt nor
stockings ; in short, I have not a second bit of clothes of
any kind to put on except what I have on ; therefore shall
be much obliged to you to let me have some of your
old clothes. I should not make this application, but be-
lieve me, dear sir, to be under the greatest distress, so hope
you will give me some little things. I have not one shil-
ling to buy me any thing. I should not make these bold
requests, but imagining my father will pay you for your
expense. You will excuse me for tlie liberty of mention-
ing your being paid again ; but do assure I look on it as
charity, not as any interest. I hope you will excuse haste
and trouble.
I am, dear sir,
Your most obt. hble. servt.
WM. McDERMOTT.
[A letter from Henry Wisner, Junr. on the subject of powder mills.]
l^Valkitl, April 2Alh, 1776.
Sir — In consequence of a resolve of Conoress, for a
number of powder mills to be built in this ProvTnce, Major
Moses Phillips and myself applied to the county commitce
for a recommendation which we obtained, and herewith
send you, hoping, as we have made great improvements ni
the more expeditiously manufacturing gunpowder, you
will indulge us with the benefit of said resolve. I should,
have been down to make a contract, but my father being
sick I could not leave the powder mill without great incon-
venience, and hope this application will answer till the first
Tuesday in May ; at which time I expect to attend Con-
gress, and then will make such contract as the Congress
or Committee shall reasonably require. If it is necessary
for me to come down before the first, I should take it as a
favour to be informed by the bearer. We have got timber,
and framed a powder mill, which will be constructed ia
such a manner as will make much faster than the one be-
longing to my father and self, in which we make lOOOlbs per
week. The weather being very changeable, we are much
troubled to get it dry ; but have above three tons made,
which we shall send to Fort Constitution as soon as dry.
Your answer relative to the powder mill, will oblige, sir,
Your hum. servt.
HENRY WISNER, Junr.
N. B. Have sent a small horn of our powder, which hope
will meet with approbation.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
of New-York.
Orange county, April 18, 1776.
Gentlemen — The committee of this county being met,
and having considered several places for erecting a powder
mill agreeable to the resolve of Congress, and do approve
of a place, at or near John Carpenter's saw mill, in the pre-
cinct of Cornwall, in the county of Orange, near Graycort,
to be a convenient place. And Henry Wisner Esqr. and
John Carpenter do apply for recommendation, and this com-
mittee do recommend the said Henry Wisner Esqr. and
John Carpenter (both of Orange county,) to be proper per-
sons to build the same.
We are, gentlemen, your very humble servt.
By order.
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
To the Honourable Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New-York.
[Aletter from Saml. Tucker, Esqr. Chairman of New- Jersey Committee
of Safety, relative to three men who escaped from Gov. Tryon's
ship.]
In Committee Chamber, )
New-Brunswick, April 20, 1776. )
Gentlemen — This day were brought before us, three
persons belonging to Westchester county, in your Province,
who for some time past have been on board the ship Lady
Gage, and lately deserted from them at Sandy-Hook, and
put themselves under the protection of our guard at the
highlands of Neversink. Their names are Henry Smith,
Isaac Norton and Stephen Daniels ; by whose examination
it appears that one Tliomas Gibson, living at the Fishkills,
hath enlisted a number of persons in your government for
the King's army ; that a boat was lately sent from the ships
of war to Hempstead, on Long island for provisions, and
not returned when they left the ship two days past ; that
one Robert Hambleton, a schoolmaster, had enlisted a
number of men now on board the King's ships, and was
gone to Westchester to enlist more. Smith and Daniels
it appears, were enlisted by said Gibson. Horton says lie
was impressed on board the Asia, last month. These per-
sons will soon be sent to you.
By order of the Committee of Safety for New-Jersey.
I am, gents, your most obedt. servt.
SAML. TUCKER, President.
To the Honourable he Provincial Congress,
or Committee of Saieiy of New-York.
A letter from Colo. Gilbt. Drake, statins; that Capt. Hyat with his]
company is ready.]
April the 24th, 1776.
Dear Sir — I take the freedom to write to you by Capt.
Hyat, the bearer hereof, to let you know that I have kept
168
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Hyat back till this day not to join the Connecticut regi-
ment. And, sir, if you remember that it was agreed in the
committee that if all the warrants were not returned in by
Wednesday, Capt. Hyat would come down with a list of
his men for a company, that he should have a commission
with his officers. Sir, he told me that he with his lieuten-
ant had got about seventy men ready, if he could get the
commission to join any regiment in the Continental service.
Sir, I hope you will assist and forward the expedition, and
not let it be deterred for want of men, when so good a
company are offered. From yours to serve.
GILBT. DRAKE.
To Mr. MoRiN Scott, Esqr.
[A letter from Walter Livingston, stating that pork is much wanted in
Canada for the army.]
Albany, Jlpril 7th, 1776.
Sir — By intelligence from York I am informed that
Major-General Lee has ordered 4000 barrels of pork from
Connecticut to N. York, for the army in Canada. I have
long been in expectation of that pork arriving here. There
is no pork to be purchased in Canada, and a large army
gone thither, which has induced general Schuyler (not-
withstanding General Wooster has appointed contractors
to furnish the army under his command) to order me to
write to N. York to have the 4000 barrels sent up imme-
diately, and if they are not arrived at N. York to have
other pork sent instead thereof, to be replaced out of that
which is ordered by General Lee.
I know of no body or person to whom I can apply for
assistance in this critical situation that can give such effec-
tual relief as your House. I must therefore entreat you,
sir, to request the House to give such orders as will be
the means of forwarding the pork with the utmost despatch.
Could I have learnt who was ordered to ship the pork
from York, I should not have troubled the Congress. As
the service requires despatch, I hope Congress will deem
it a reasonable excuse for my troubling them.
I am, sir, with esteem,
Your very humble servt.
WALTER LIVINGSTON,
Dp. Com. Genl.
To Nath. Woodhtjll, Esqr.
[A letter from Capt. Billings, containing a journal of his passage from
New-York to Fort Montgomery.
Fort Montgomery, April Wth, 1776.
Gentlemen — The day t left New-York, we got (with
our sloop) as far as one Mrs. Striker's, a widow, about
seven miles from the city, where we came to anchor wait-
ing for wind and tide. Going on shore some of our people
went to the barn where was a negro man at work, and in
their play they discovered a gun curiously secreted under
the floor of the barn. They came and informed me of the
same, when I went with sundry gentlemen to view the place;
I made a discovery of a second, crowded under the floor
and hid by a quantity of hay crowded in after the guns.
I examined the negro and found him to equivocate, I then
went and conversed with Mrs. Striker on what I had dis-
covered. But could get no satisfaction further than one
Mr. Steple borrowed two guns, viz. one from Mr. Walton
and the other from Mr. Delency, and she, Mrs. Striker,
heard Mr. Steple order his servant to convey them home ;
but the servant declared that his master ordered him to
hide them in the barn. I consulted Capt. Rosekrans and
Mr. Brinckeroff, whose sentiments (with mine) were that
I should take the guns to Fort Montgomery, which I have
done, and shall keep them iinlil further directions from
your Honourable House. This Mr. Steple was absent at
the time. Some of my men affirm they saw him run
at the sight of our frocks. But I left a billet informing
him of what I had done and my determination of ac-
quainting the Congress. They are good arms, one a king's
arm and the other a fowling piece. Will be obliged for
directions what further to do.
Meantime, 1 am, with the greatest respect, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servt.
ANDREW BILLINGS.
[A letter from Capt. Andrew Billings, wishing that his subalterns
may have warrants.]
Fort Montgomery, April 23(/, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your order of the 13th ult. came to hand.
In compliance willi the same, sent one of my servants im-
mediately to the county and two of the precinct commit-
tees in Dutchess, with a copy of what I received from
Congress, requesting their assistance with as much
despatch as possible, and acquainting them that I had but
seven guns and about forty blankets, which 1 had (with
difficully) purchased in the country. I have wrote Colo.
Rilzema desiring to know whether I am to move before I
get supplied. We have one battery finished excepting
the floor, and are now employed in cutting and making
fascines. Garri.son sickly. I send enclosed the return I
received from the county committee, respecting my subal-
terns, and shall be obliged by an answer to the same, as
well as that respecting the two guns found in the barn on
my passage from New- York.
Meantime I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servt.
ANDW. BILLINGS.
To the Chairman of the
Committee of Safety, New-York.
[A letter from Elihu Marvin, of the committee of Orange county, stat-
ing that they are in want of the £200 allowed to members of Con-
gress.]
Oxford, Orange county, April 18th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The committee of this county have been
informed by Col. William Allison, that the sum of two hun-
dred pounds is allowed towards paying their Deputies, for
attendance in Congress during the course of their service.
And as the money is wanting, I would therefore, in the
name of this committee, desire that it might be sent up by
the bearer, (Seth Marvin,) together with your instructions
for disbursing the same, if necessary.
I am, with respect, gentlemen,
Your humble servt.
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
Attest.
Nathanel Sattterly, Clerk pro tem.
To the Honourable Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New-York, during
the recess of Congress.
[A letter from Elihu Marvin, recommending a captain and first lient
of a company in the troops to be raised.]
Orange county, April 10th, 1776.
This committee being informed, that the four regiments
ordered to be raised in this Province are not yet full, and it
is the opinion of this committee that there may be another
company raised on the north side of the mountains if war-
rants may be had. We therefore recommend Seth Mar-
vinforacaplain, and Joshua Brown for first lieutenant as pro-
per persons ; and as the other two officers are not pitched
upon yet, we promise, that if blank warrants may be sent
here, to fill up the same for those we think to be proper
persons.
I am, with respect, gentlemen, your humble servt.
By order of the committee,
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman,
Attest.
Nathaniel Satterlv, Clerk pro. tem.
To the Committee of Safety for
the Colony of New-York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
169
Oxford, April 2U, 1776.
Sir — After proper respects, I must desire you not to
mention that I did not incline to have warrants sent up to
us without tliey were returned in a week ; but if any should
be returned at all, I should be glad to have them sent as
soon as possible.
I am, with much esteem,
Your friend and humble servt.
SETH MARVIN.
To Tunis Cooper, Esqr. at the Committee
of Safety, at New- York.
[A letter from Egbt. Benson, Esqr. chairman of the committee of
Dutchess, staling that they have committed Doughty, Lester and
Klein to Ulster goal.]
Rhineheck precinct, Jlpril 13th, 1776.
Sir — The committee in this precinct have lately com-
mitted Mordecai Lester, Esqr. and a certain Frederick
Klein, to the goal in Kingston, as the peace and security
of the precinct rendered the confinement of these persons
absolutely necessary.
The committee of that place at the time of the commit-
ment of Mr. Doughty, a few months since, declared their
readiness to receive our prisoners, but expected we would
make provision for their support. In consequence of this,
we requested, that not only with respect to Mr. Doughty,
but any other prisoner we might send them, they would
provide for them at the cheapest rate. And the meiTibers
of this committee, as individuals, engaged for the payment
of it.
As we have no public moneys, nor any authority to
raise them, we shall, without the interposition of Congress,
be obliged to defray this expense out of our own pockets.
I am, therefore, directed by the committee, to write to you
respecting this matter, with a request to use your endea-
vours, that means may be devised for making the main-
tenance of these prisoners a public charge, and that we may
no longer remain liable in our private capacities.
Several persons are now in goal at Kingston, and pro-
vided for by order of Congress. We therefore take the
liberty of suggesting as an expedient, that the com.mittee
there may be directed to e.vtend the order to our prisoners.
Lester and Doughty possibly can, but Klein certainly can-
not support himself. The committee may, therefore, also
be directed, not to furnish the two former with necessa-
ries, if it should appear that they have estate sufficient for
their own subsistence.
When Mr. Doughty was taken into custody, we wrote
a similar letter respecting him to Congress, and have ne-
ver received an answer. I must, therefore, entreat an ans-
wer to this ; because, unless Congress should determine to
make provision for supporting our prisoners, we shall be
reduced to the necessity of discharging them. We conceive
it will not be expected we should stipulate to defray the
expense of this business, or advance money for the pur-
pose, without a prospect of being reimbursed. We do not,
however, suppose this will be the case, especially, as it
may with such ease be charged upon the public fund, and
have no doubt but proper steps will be taken to release us
from our engagements to the Kingston committee.
We have not informed you of the particular instances of
misconduct charged against these delinquents ; however,
the committee is ready, upon the least intimation to fur-
nish such proofs and reasons as we trust will fully justify
our conduct. And we have the satisfaction to find that not
only the county in general, but even some that are disaf-
fected, approve of the imprisonment of these persons, and
that it is the only means of preserving peace in the pre-
cinct.
I remain, (by order of the precinct committee,)
Your very humble servant,
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
To the Gentlemen attending from
Dutchess county.
[Vol. 11.] 43
[Letter from the Albany committee recommending to let Henry Van
Rensselaer and his sons build a powder mill ; and slating the want of
that article.]
Albany Committee Chamber, )
30th March, 1776. \
A petition of Henry Van Rensselaer and Sons was laid
before this Board, which said petition is in the following
words, to wit :
" To the Committee of Safety, ^-c. of the county of Al-
bany, <^c."
" The petition of Henry Van Rensselaer and Sons, of
Claverack, humbly shewetii,
" That whereas the Provincial Congress of this Colony
has recommended the erection of two powder mills in this
county, under certain encouragements and regulations, as
rnor e particularly by said resolves will appear.
*' Your petitioners having taken the said resolve into con-
sideration, are of opinion that their situation at the place
aforesaid is conveniently formed for erecting a manufactory
of the kind, a sufficient stream at the distance of more than
two miles east from Hudson's river, which they conceive
to be proper for the said purpose ; they therefore humbly
request the committee will lake the same into considera-
tion, and if, upon inquiry, the said place will answer the
intention of the said resolve, they pray that they may be
entitled to the recommendation of this committee for the
purpose aforesaid; and your petitioners shall ever pray, &c.
" HENRY VAN RENSSELAER & SONS."
Resolved, That the prayer of the said petition be grant-
ed, and they are hereby recommended to the Provincial
Congress accordingly.
A true copy from the minutes.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
[A letter from Albany, complaining of the want of money.]
Albany Committee Chamber, }
2nd April, 2776. 5
Gent. — Of the four battalions intended to be raised for
the defence of this Colony, five companies are now recruit-
ing in the city and county ; but the officers of those com-
panies meet with great difficulties in completing their re-
spective complements ofmen through want of cash, as we
have understood that certain sums have been allotted for
this necessary service ; we therefore apply to you to take
this matter into consideration, and transmit to the colonel
of the battalion, (if known,) or to the general, or this com-
mittee, the money you deem necessary for this service.
We are, gentlemen, your very humble servants.
By order of the committee.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
[A letter from Queens county lories, stating that they have been di$
armed, &c.]
Jamaica, Long island, April 13th, 1776.
Gentlemen — We, the subscribers, inhabitants of the
township of Jamaica, in Queens coimty on Long island,
beg leave to acquaint you that we have lieretofore been dis-
armed by order of the Continental Congress, which we
peaceably and quietly submitted to, as not having it in our
intention to act contrary o their resolves, or the resolves
of your Congress ; notwithstanding which we have been
lately plundered of our cattle and effects, which has been
publicly sold at vendue for half the value, in consequence
of an order issued by Captain Abraham Bailey in this
township, for not appearing in arms and answering to our
names, when it is well known we have been deprived of
our arms, and thereby disqualified from any such service ;
besides which, it appears to us quite contrary to a late
resolve of the Continental Congress.
We, therefore, gentlemen, request it as a favour that you
will be pleased to take this matter into your serious consi-
deration, and if the treatment we have received does not
170
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
proceed from any order or direction of yours, that you will
be pleased lo give us such relief as you may think neces-
sary. In which,
Gentlemen, you will oblige
Your respectful humble servants,
Nathaniel Mills, John Ramson,
Jabe AVoodi ufl", Jacob Dean,
Joshua Mills, liis
John Lamberson, Dirck y, Bargin,
Nicholas Ludlam, mark
Joseph Oldfield, Peter Mills,
Samuel Mills, Abraham Colyer.
To the Honourable the Provincial
Congress in the city of New-York.
[A letter from Col. Gilb. Drake, stating that he and two others have
bought 1,000 barrels of pork and 100 barrels ol'dour.]
WhiU Plains, April 9lh, 1776.
Gentlemen — I received yours, dated April 1st, and ob-
served its contents ; shall stop buying myself. John Tho-
mas, Junr. and Ebenezer Lockwood, have bought about
1000 barrels of pork, and it is re-packing ; the peas are de-
livered in store, at Peekskill, and beg you to inform me if
you chose the peas to lay in store at the landing, or to be
carted back into the country. We have also 600 barrels
of flour.
The pork is stored on Cortlandt's manor, Bedford and
North Castle.
In haste, from your obedt.
GILB. DRAKE.
To the Committee of Safety, New- York.
[A letter from Capt. Mat. Van Alstyne, to Mr. Abraham Van Alstyne.]
St. Eustatia, February 4/A, 1776.
Dear Brother — I this moment heard of an opportuni-
ty, and thought proper to acquaint you that I am this night
going to St. Cristophers' to take charge of Capt. Sand-
erses brig, to go to Cork, rather than come home, for the
sea is full of all kind of cruizers : there is not one in ten that
escapes, going or coming. On my arrival here, I wrote up
to my friends at St. Christophers, and related my misfor-
tune of being taken, and they immediately sent word
down to me to take charge of this brig. Thank God, I am
not in want of friends in this part of the world. Mrs. Van
Alstyne is well, and likewise myself; we both join in our
best respects to my beloved mother, &c.
I am, your ever loving brother,
MATTHEW VAN ALSTYNE.
N. B. This morning I heard that two privateers is fitting
out at the island of Dominica, therefore you can relate &c.
[A letter from Gen. Schuyler to Gen. Thomson, requesting the New-
York Congress to send up sailors.]
Albany, April 1th, 1776.
Dear General — Since I wrote you this morning, I have
received advices from Tryon county, that some of the In-
dian tribes have unfriendly intentions towards us. This
will oblige me to call out a body of minute men ; and as I
am altogether destitute of powder and ball, you will please
to forward a ton of the former with all possible despatch,
and as much of the latter as can be spared.
Will you be so good as to request the New-York Con-
gress that the sailors may be sent up without delay ?
I am, dear sir.
Your most obedient humble servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To General Thompson.
[A letter from the Honourable John Hancock.]
Philadelphia, April iOth, 1776.
Gentlemen — It is necessary in conducting the warlike
operations on the part of America, to meet our enemy on
every ground, and to defend ourselves in the best manner
we can against all attempts, in whatsoever shape, to de-
prive us of either liberty or properly. So far are the Brit-
ish Ministry from showing the least relaxation in their bar-
barous schemes of reducing the American Colonies to sla-
very, that they have passed an act to seize and confiscate
our properly wherever found on the high seas. In conse-
cjuence of this measure, the Congress have come to a re-
solution of filling out letters of marque and reprisal ; the
commission, instruction and bond preparatory to which, I
have the honour to enclose you.
And am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very hble. servt,
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
To the Honourable Convention of
New. York.
fA letter from R. T. Paine, on the subject of saltpetre, and salt, &c.]
Philadelphia, March 2S, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Congress taking in consideration
the urgent importance to the safety, freedom and wealth of
the United Colonies, that the manufacture of saltpetre and
gunpowder should be established in all of them, in addition
to their former resolves on that subject, have passed those
herewith enclosed, and appointed the committee therein
mentioned : In pursuance of ihis trust, the committee trans-
mit you the resolves, and being deeply impressed with their
importance to our common cause, think themselves in duty
bound to urge upon you the immediate and vigorous execu-
tion of them.
The erecting of public works, as mentioned in the re-
solves, will be the first step to promote this useful busi-
ness ; if prosecuted with skill and diligence, it will ensure
the making saltpetre in large quantities, and will also afford
the best method for suitable persons to learn the process,
and from thence be sent abroad lo teach those who have not
opportunity of learning from these public works ; for it is
thought an object of the greatest concern that private fami-
lies should be induced to make it. The inconsiderable ex-
pense attending the making it in families, when the method
is once understood, and the quantities that each family may
make, should remove all objections to their putting it into
immediate practice.
When we consider the great consumption of saltpetre,
used as medicine, in preserving meat, and in gunpowder,
even in times of peace, it should seem a sufficient induce-
ment lo private families to learn and practise this art ; but
most of all, when so large quantities are wanted for our
necessary defence, and when it will in a great measure
supply the want of salt, which the rage of our enemies may
render scarce, it should not reasonably be supposed that
any true American will neglect it.
As there can be no doubt but that every Colony may
produce saltpetre, enough at least for their own consump-
tion, it is necessary that powder mills be erected and skil-
ful persons provided to manufacture gunpowder, and proper
regulations established for preventing their explosion.
It is supposed that sulphur may be found in many Co-
lonies, and it is necessary that it should be collected ; trials
may be made at places supposed to contain it, at no great
expense.
It must afford great pleasure to find that some Colonies
have already in a measure anticipated the design of these
resolves ; from the good effects of which it is clearly evin-
ced, that we can never want the most abundant supply of
ammunition from our own manufactures, but through in-
attention and neglect.
We doubt not you will consider these proceedings as de-
signed to promote the best welfare of the Colonies, and
that you will, as soon as may be, and from time to time,
inform the Congress of the slate of these manufactures in
your Colony of the quantity of saltpetre already made, the
preparation for and prospects of increasing it, what quan-
tities of gunpowder are already made, and the state of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
171
your powder mills ; and also what discovery is made of
sulphur mines, and the progress in working ihem.
Supposing the most approved method of making salt-
petre may not have reached you, we have enclosed such
as experience in some Colonies has recommended.
The laying together suitable composts either in fences
or beds, in order to collect nitrous matter, seems neces-
sary to be immediately attended to, as the earth from under
old buildings may soon be exhausted.
It is hoped this effort of the Congress will have the de-
sired effect ; without which we have reason to fear, it will
ere long be said of us, that we are become slaves because
we were not industrious enough to be free.
By order of the committee.
I subscribe myself your obedt. hble. servt.
ROBERT TREAT PAINE.
P. S. I take the liberty herewith to send an extract from
Dr. Brownrigg's treatise of making salt : The climate is so
suitable, and there are so many places on our sea coasts
where neither men of war nor cullers can come, where salt
may be made in plenty, that it is hoped some persons of
judgment and application will immediately undertake it.
The extract was made for the sake of those who are un-
acquainted with the original, to which recourse may easily
be had by those who are disposed to manufacture white
salt.
Any account of your success in these undertakings must
give great pleasure to all lovers of America.
R. T. P.
To the Honourable the Convention or
Council of Safety of the Colony of New- York.
New-York, 12lh April, 1776.
Sir — As I have General Putnam's orders to march with
a brigade of troops for Staten island, and as I shall be under
a necessity of quartering them in the farm houses there un-
til the season of the year will admit of their being encamp-
ed, I shall esteem it a favour of the Committee of Safety,
if they will, as soon as possible, desire the committee of
Richmond county to give notice thereof to the inhabitants,
that they may be prepared to receive the troops in the
manner most convenient to themselves ; and they may be
assured, that my best endeavours will be used to render the
residence of the troops among them as little burdensome
as possible ; and this I hope will be the easier effected, as
house room is the only article that will be required ; every
thing else they may stand in need of will be punctually
paid for.
Colonel Ritzemas's regiment is one of the corps ordered
to compose my brigade. On inquiry, I find the companies
of which his regiment is to be composed, are not yet fixed
or arranged. I must beg the favour of the Committee of
Safety, to attend to this matter, and fix it as soon as possi-
ble.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
STIRLING.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety,
New- York.
[A letter from Adrian Bancker, Richmond county, with return of offi-
cers of the militia resigned, and others recommended in their stead.]
Richmond county, \Qlh Jljiril, 1776.
Gentlemen — This day the chairman of the committee
of this county, wailed on me, and informed me that Cor-
nelius Van Wagenen, Esq. who was appointed lieutenant-
colonel of the militia here, has declined accepting his com-
mission, on account of his ill state of health, wliich has invol-
ed them in some difficulty, and makes a new arrangement of
field officers necessary, which they have completed as per
enclosed list ; and as a little alteration in the commissions
may make them sufficient, I send them herewith ; as also
a lieutenat's commission for Samuel Holmes, in the south
quarter, who has absolutely refused serving ; wherefore
tliey have chosen a William Lake, to be first-lieutenant in
his stead, under Captain William Scoby. Being rendered
incapable of traveling by the sciatica, causes me to take
this method by letter to apply to you, instead of waiting on
you in person, as duty and inclination would have prompt-
ed me. And as next Tuesday is the day appointed for the
choice of Deputies to sit in the ensuing Provincial Con-
gress, it will save trouble to deliver the commissions at that
meeting, if ihey can be conveniently sent in time. I am of
opinion the safest way is per stage, which sets off from
Powles-Hook, Monday morning at dawn of day.
I am, with due respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient hble. servant,
ADRN. BANCKER.
Past 8 o'clock in the evening.
P. S. Just now Mr. Lawrence sent me a letter he re-
ceived from Mr. Benson, requiring that our county should
be represented to-morrow morning in the Committee of
Safety, and as I am utterly incapable of traveling, I have
pressed him by a few lines to give attendance, which I hope
he will comply wilh.
Abraham Jones, Esq. continues first colonel ; Cornelius
Corsen, Esqr. second colonel ; Jacob Mersereau, Esqr.
first major; Cornelius Cortleyou, Esqr. second major; Ben-
jamin Parker, Esqr. adjutant; Harmanus Garrison, Esqr.
quarter-master.
Samuel Holmes having refused, William Lake is ap-
pointed in his stead, as first lieutenant.
Sir — I have been informed that Mr. John Williams, has
reported to Congress, that Col. Warner's regiment left Ca-
nada because I neglected to forward the clothing sent to
me by order of Congress for that battalion. I wish the
gentleman had spared his censure,: until he was convinced
his tale was founded in truth. If he is a member of your
House, be pleased to desire the Secretary to deliver him
the enclosed, if not, commit it to the flames, for I know
not where to direct to him.
The clothing, tents &c. which came consigned to my
care, was cither delivered out here, or immediately sent
forward to Fort George. My orders from General Schuy-
ler, was, to deliver such articles as I had in store to the
troops who were on their march, paying no regard to what
corps they were directed, unless they were in Albany, and
stood in need of them. This order I suppose (for it was
none of my business to inquire,) was given because the
troops were exceedingly wanted at that lime at St. Johns.
If I had not complied, I should not only have been guilty of
a breach of orders, but perhaps the cause of that fortress
not being reduced. This would have been a sufficient jus-
tification for my delivering the clothing sent for the Green
Mountain Boys, to any other regiment who stood in need
of them. Though 1 had not an opportunity of doing this,
Mr. Curlenius did not ship them until ihe 18lh of October.
They were not detained as alleged, but sent forward to
Fort George, the Sist of llie same month, unopened.
Capt. Heman Allen's company was the only one belong-
ing to that battalion, which went through this city ; and they
marched from this the lOlh of September, six weeks be-
fore I received the clothing. If Mr. Williams liad applied
to me, and been made acquainted with these circumstan-
ces, I believe he would have spared his reflection. As the
accusation was made lo your House, I hope T shall not be
deemed troublesome in stating the fact, to oblitcrale any
prejudice which misrepresentation may have caused in the
minds ol the members.
I am, sir, wilh great esteem,
Yoin- very humb. servt.
WALTER LIVINGSTON, Dy. Com. Gen.
To COL. WOODHULL.
172
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from Colo. Isaac NicoU, with vouchers relating to a Court
Martial.]
March mil, 177f).
Account of expenses accrued in taking and prosecuting
William Goodgion, ensign in the company of minute men,
commanded by Captain Peter Hill, of Ulster county, by
order of General Lee ; being the expenses of James Lalle,
lieutenant in the same company, viz :
1776. ^ . *•
Fcby. 20. To expenses when out with a party of six men lo
take ensign Goodgion, 0 18 1
To pocket expenses wlien down at New-York with
an express to Genl. Lee 1 15 8
To horse hire and feeding the horse on the way
and in New-York, 1 ^
£4 1 9
On examining this account I find ten shillings error in addi-
tion, which will make the whole of this account 10s. less
than given in before.
Expenses of the court martial, viz : s. d.
Major Howell 2 days at $33 J per month. 17 !»J
Major iLogan 2 " " " 17 !»i
Lieut. Ecker 2 " $18 " 9 7
Lieut. Perkins 2 " " " ^ ^ o .n^
Cash paid Burdine for going to New- York with the
proceedings to Genl. Lee, 1 00 0
jE7 16 5
I have examined the above account, and think it reason-
able.
ISAAC NICOLL.
N. York, Feby. the 25«A, 1776.
Sir — I received the favour of yours, and in consequence
of your report have ordered General Clinton to call a court
martial, of which he is appointed president.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
CHARLES LEE.
Head-Quarters, New-York, \
nih Feby. 1776. S
Sir — General Lee received yours of the 15th. He de-
sires you would, as soon as possible, secure ensign Good-
gion and confine him under fixed bayonets. And when you
have done this, advise him immediately, and he will order
a court martial for his trial.
By order of the General,
Your most obedt. servant,
WM. PALFREY, Aid-de-Camp.
To Colo. Isaac Nicoll.
Fort Constitution, Sth ^pril, 1776,
Sir — I have done every thing in my power to have my
regiment filled up, so as to make a return agreeably to a
letter from the Congress, dated March the 4th ; but find
it not possible to fill them with good men, and such as are
able to furnish themselves with arms, &c. by reason of
their pay being lowered.
Last Friday I went to Goshen in order to meet the offi-
cers of the minute men and militia, to know the state of
the regiment ; as I had sent orders and wrote a number of
letters and all to no purpose. And by this means missec
seeing the Prussian General, Doctor Franklin, and the gen
tlemen with them. The regiment is not half full, and not
one half of them has any arms, and arms are not to be had.
I am well persuaded that there can but little dependence
be put on the minute men upon the plan that they are
now raised, for by the time a company is full their four
months is up, which keeps the officers continually recruit
ing, and the people seem determined against being drafted
Enclosed you have the particulars of the expense of the
court martial, and General Lee's order for holding it.
I have discharged Captain Raymond's company r
minute men, consisting only of 31 men, officers included
as their was a great uneasiness among the men, and Cap-
tain Jackson's company of standing forces, marches in on
Wednesday, which will fill the barracks. I have also en-
closed a report of the committee of Hanover precinct, of
John Handley who is now prisoner here, and should be
glad you would advise me what is to be done with him.
I am, with esteem, sir,
Your most hble. servt.
ISAAC NICOLL.
To William Paulding, Esqr.
[A letter from Colo. Nicoll, at the fortifications in the Highlands.]
Fort Comtitulion, April 2d., 1776.
Gentlemen — This day Capt. Harmanus Cuyler stopped
lere laden with peas, and by my order had one hundred
bushels taken out for the use of this and the other fortifica-
tion in the Highlands, and have given him my receipt for
them. Gentlemen, as necessity has no law, I hope you will
not blame me, and as you are well acquainted with the
stale of this garrison where we have a number of people
sick and no vegetables. To prevent mutiny and desertions,
and the good of the cause, by the advice of the commis-
sioners and oflBcers I have done it, and I hope you will
be pleased to order them paid for, and my receipt taken
up.
I am, gentlemen, with great esteem,
Your humble servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
[A letter from Jerh. Clarke, recommending Wm. Roe for a company.]
Orange County, April 5th, 1776.
Mr. Chairman :
Sir — By certain gentlemen that lately left New- York,
I am informed that the few battalions to be raised for the
defence of this Colony are not yet full. And although the
counties of Ulster and Orange have raised their full allot-
ment of men, yet there seems to be numbers that are
willing to enlist in the service, if there were proper officers
appointed. Lieut. William Roe of this county, a man of
a good character, has signified his willingness to serve
as a captain, if he could be favoured with a warrant for
enlisting men. I do not think there is any reason to doubt
of his military abilities. And if there should yet be a
vacancy, I suppose he would raise a company as soon as
any man within the compass of my acquaintance. Your
prudence will direct.
I am, sir, in haste, your most hum. servt.
JERH. CLARKE.
P. S. The bearer hereof, David Mandevil, Jr. he has pro-
posed as his first lieutenant, a young man of a good cha-
racter in Ulster county,
Mr, Chairman :
Sir — The gentlemen above mentioned are men of un-
doubted character, by information.
From sir, your hum. servt.
ELIHU MARVIN.
[Letter from sub-committee of Sag Harbour enclosing a list of their
cannon and stores.]
Sag Harbour, east end of Long island, April 2, 1775.
Pursuant to a vote of the county committee, held at our
County Hall in SufTolk county, on the 27th of March, we,
whose names are hereunto subscribed, being appointed a
sub-committee to examine the contents of all the cannon
within our respective districts, and make return of said
contents to the Provincial Congress or Committee of
Safety, with a petition for a supply of ammunition and
other warlike stores suitable for the enclosed list of cannon,
which we have examined agreeably to order.
This petition humbly sheweth, that it is the opinion of
this committee, that we are much exposed to the ravage of
the Ministerial army, and look upon it as highly necessary
that we have a public stock or quantity of ammunition and
other warlike stores, together with orders for mounting the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
173
enclosed number of cannon on proper carriages ; and as
the Ministerial troops seem at this present juncture to be
on the move, can not tell how soon we may be invaded ;
therefore beg your speedy answer, which shall be grate-
fully acknowledged by
Your humble servants,
NATHAN FORDHAM,
BURNET MILLER,
THOS. YOUNGS,
Sub- Committee.
To the Chairman of the Provincial Congress
of Committee of Safety, New-York.
[Letter from Colo. Hay relative to raising minute men, choosing their
officers, &c.]
Haverstraw, March 4, 1776.
I found it impossible to get the regiment of minute men
completed out of my regiment to go under the present offi-
cers ; I was therefore obliged to promise them that they
should have an opportunity of choosing their own officers,
from captain downwards ; as soon as they had that promise
they cheerfully turned out. I must therefore request that
the Committee of Safety will give commissions to persons
that are chosen by the minute men, that are now going
down to New-York. If the officers who are chosen by the
privates get their commissions, I am positive that I can
get the minute regiment completed in a short time.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most obedt. humble servant,
A. HAWKES HAY.
N. B. Excuse this incorrect scrawl, as the men are now
on their march, and I have not time to make a fair copy.
[Letter from Samuel Buell of Huntington, stating their want of troops
for defence, &c.]
Huntington, April 10, 1776.
Sir — After cordial salutation, these inform that I left
Easthampton on Monday morning after nine o'clock. No
farther discoveries were made of the fleets mentioned in
the committee's letter, unless that a considerable number of
shipping made a harbour at Fisher's island. Lord's day
evening. These, I suppose, were what we call Wallis's
fleet. Those seen at sea on Sunday afternoon, perhaps,
were from the West Indies or Boston. By their cluster-
ing in together and frequent firing, it seems they were col-
lecting in their scattered fleet. We, sir, at the east end of
Long island are certainly much exposed to ravages and
plundering by the hand of violence. Whether we do not
greatly need a regiment or two at the east end, must be
submitted to your superior wisdom.
I am, sir, in great haste, and much respect
Your obliged friend and humble servt.
SAML. BUELL.
ILetter from Thomas Wickes, Esq. at Huntington, stating that they
had seen a fleet.]
Huntington, April 8, 1776.
Gentlemen— We have just received intelligence that
there has a fleet of 30 sail of square rigged vessels been
seen off between Cray neck and Eden's neck, and we
thought it best to send you the earliest intelligence. We
shall watch their motion, and as soon as we can disco-
ver their intention, we shaU send further intelligence. We
are mustering our militia, and shall do the best in our
power.
We are, gentlemen, your humble servts.
THOS. WICKES, Chairman.
P. S. About seven o'clock in the evening we received
the intelligence.
[Vol. II.] 44
[A letter from Burnet Miller, giving intelligence of a fleet.]
Easthampton, April 7th, 1776.
Gent. — An opportunity presenting, we embrace it to
acquaint you that our guard at Mom auk, about sunset yes-
terday, saw a number of vessels to the southward of Block
island, and this morning being foggy, saw nothing of them
until about nine o'clock. The fog cleared off" in part, when
they saw thirteen vessels between Fisher's island and
Gardiner's island, but could not tell what sort of vessels
they were, by reason of thick air. We saw this afternoon
about eight or nine vessels all together, off against this
town, standing to the eastward, but the fog came on, and
saw no more of them. They have fired single cannon by
spells all this afternoon from both quarters, and suppose
they fired in order to keep the vessels together, the fog
being very thick.
We are gent, your most obedient hble. servt.
By order of the Committee of Easthampton.
BURNET MILLER, Chairman.
Suffolk county, 28th March, 1776.
Gentn. — The Committee of Safety have appointed an
adjutant in the minute service, in this county, and he being
unwilling to act in that department, and as it is absolutely
necessary that such an officer should be immediately ap-
pointed, I take the liberty of recommending Mr. Ephraim
Marvin, as an adjutant, and should be exceedingly glad to
have his commission forwarded to me by the first opportu-
nity.
I am, gentn. your hum. servt.
JOSIAH SMITH,
Colo. Minute Battalion, Suffolk county.
To the Committee of Safety at New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Putnam, requesting the Committee of Safety to
raise troops.]
New-York, April 5th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Continental Congress imagining the
new levies in this Province to be in great forwardness, and
finding on inquiry that none of the four regiments to be
raised in it are properly regimented and completed, I must
request of you, as the service absolutely requires it, that
you exert yourselves to the utmost, to accomplish this ne-
cessary service, and that the troops already raised be order-
ed to this city, without delay.
I am, gentlemen, with respect,
Your humble servant,
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
of the Province of New-York.
[A letter from General Heath, stating that he can not permit John
Murry to go on board the Duchess of Gordon.]
City of New-York, April 3d, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Murry applies to me for an approbation of
your permit to go on board the sliip Duchess of Gordon ,
as by the permit it appears that he is restricted only rela-
tive to the fortifications, I cannot, consistent wilii my duty,
consent to his going on board, unless under greater restric-
tions.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your most humble servt.
W. HEATH.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety, N. York.
[A letter from Gen. Heath, requesting three or four guides to the tories
within named.]
New-York, April 2d, 1776.
Sir — It appears necessary that some persons, (whom it
is said are aiding and assisting our unnatural enemies with
provisions, and even recruits,) should be detected and se-
cured ; I therefore request that with the greatest secrecy
174
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, Sec.
you would furnish me, by eleven o'clock this day, with
three or four guides, well knowing the houses and persons
of one Justice Hulet and Thomas Cornel, of Rockaway,
Long island ; Isaac Denton, of Hog island inlet ; and one
Lieut. Thos. Hulet, whose place of abode 1 do not know.
I am, with the greatest respect.
Your most humble servt.
W. HEATH.
To the Chairman of the Conuniltee of Safety,
New- York.
Fort Constitution, March 15, 1776.
Gentlemen — This garrison is greatly in want of many
articles at present, especially sauce, beef, soap, candles,
drink and fuel ; neither have we had any fresh pro-
visions for two months past, the want of which is a
great discouragement to the men, as they work daily.
We are also in want of pots, trammels, bowls and dishes
for the barracks, as there are none here but what the
commissioners claim, and say they must have to carry to
Pooplope's kill. There must be a sufficient quantity of
those necessaries provided and sent here shortly, or the
garrison will be in a bad situation when the commissioners
call for theirs. I should not have troubled you with those
matters, but have wrote to Mr. Livingston, according to
your directions, formerly, on that head, and received for
answer, that Mr. Fclps, who was appointed to provide
for this garrison, would he here in a short time, and make
the necessary provision ; but he has not attended yet,
neither do I know when he will. Enclosed you have an
account, delivered to me by the commissioners, for pow-
der, ball and cartridge paper, by them delivered to Capt.
Raymond previous to my taking the command here, none
of which he returned. Vou can deal with him for them
as you think proper. Several of the minute men, now in
garrison, are destitute of guns, neither are they able to
procure them by reason of their scarcity ; and there is
a number of good arms in the store, but the commission-
ers are not willing to let them go without orders, as they
were directed to keep them safe in tlieir custody. I think
it would be prudent to let the men have arms and accou-
trements so as to be properly equipped, in order that they
may be disciplined to the use of them, provided the com-
manding officer of any such deficient company will give
his receipt for them, and engage to return them when he
is discharged from this garrison, as good as he received
them.
I shall be able, in a few days, to make a return of the
state of my regiment, having despatched the necessary
orders for that purpose. It is absolutely necessary that a
baker should be fixed here upon some certain principle,
there having been no provision made by the commissary
for that purpose. While Capt. Raymond commanded
he gave the flour to a baker, who returned an equal
weight of bread, and allowed him soldier's pay, with all
necessary attendance, which I think is too much wages,
amounting to £10 or £12 per month. I have partly
agreed with the same man, who is a good baker, and now
out of the service, for £4 per month, but he requires to
have his wood, and people to attend upon him, and I do
not know what to do about closing the bargain. Would
be glad of some instructions in the premises, or that a
baker might be otherwise appointed.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humb. servt.
ISAAC NICOLL.
A true copy, taken March 31, 1776.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New- York.
[Genl. Heath's letter, to get a pass for Low's sloop with prisoners to
go and return to Brunswick.]
New-York, 1st Jpril, 1776.
Sir — A sloop is arrived here from Albany, with a num-
ber of women and children and baggage taken at St.
Johns, and sent here by General Schi]yler in their way to
New-Brunswick ; the captain of the sloop is fearful of
going to Brunswick, as in his way back he may be stopped
and detained by the men of war. It will be proper, there-
fore, to obtain from Capt. Vandeput a free pass for the
sloop to and from Brunswick ; which no doubt he will
readily grant, as it obtains every convenience for those
prisoners, who must otherwise undergo a fatiguing march
by land ; and I must beg the favour of your Committee of
Safety to take the management of this matter.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your most humb. servt.
W. HEATH, Brig. Genl.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety,
New- York.
[Letter from Henry Wisner, giving an account of his powder mill and
of the quantity of materials.]
Goshen, 28th of March, 1776.
Dear Sir — Some days ago, my son received a letter from
you, desiring him to inform you what quantity of powder we
had then made, what quantity we could make per week
and what quantity of materials we had by us. But as we
had at that time but just began, he could only have given a
partial answer, and therefore omitted giving an answer till
we had made farther trial ; and to which I now have to
inform you that we had made before the 12th of this in-
stant only 200 weight ; the first week after that time, we
made 800 weight; the second week we made 1,100
weight; and I believe, this week we shall make out 1,200;
so that I believe, by Saturday night we shall have some-
thing better than 3,000 weight. We have tried the qua-
lity of it by shooting with a gun ; several of our gunners
have tried it, and all say it is of the best quality. As to
materials, we have saltpetre enough to work about two
weeks only. We have had a promise of ten tons to be
sent from Philadelphia, which was sent as far as Borden-
town several months ago, and was to have been sent for-
ward to our works. I wrote twice to the Congress about
it, though the last letter they can not have received. I
hope they will soon send it. As to sulphur, I can not say
what quantity we have ; it is part of it at New-Windsor.
I wish more might be had ; I believe we have not got
much.
I have made application to the committee of our county
for liberty to build a mill in our county, on the encourage-
ment given by ycur Honourable Board ; I believe I shall
succeed ; if so, I make no doubt but will build one to
make a ton a week, and more if necessary. I shall be
glad of your assistance in procuring materials. I wish
you would direct what we shall do with the powder as fast
as it is fit for being sent off.
As powder is an article that will take a considerable
time to dry, especially at this time of the year, so that we
shall have in the drying house at least 2,000 weight all the
time ; in that case, query, whether there will not be danger
of some tory setting fire to it in the night, by firing the
house ; if so, query, whether it would not be right to keep
a guard ; if so, as the powder all belongs to the public,
query, whether the expense ought not to be borne by the
pubhc. I should be glad of an answer by the first oppor-
tunity.
I am, with the greatest regard and esteem.
Your assured friend and humble servant,
HENRY WISNER.
P. S. If you should think proper to order a guard, I
beheve four men would be sufficient for that purpose. I
hope you will excuse this scrawl ; I should have copied,
but have only three half sheets more of paper, and do not
know where to get the next.
To the President of the Provincial Congress,
or Chairman of the Committee of Safety, at New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
175
[A letter from Gov. Trumbull, requesting some heavy cannon, and en-
closing a report of Mr. Hopkins, on the lead mines at New-Canaan.]
Lebanon, 25th March, 1776.
Sir — Eliphalet Dyer and Wm. Williams, Esquires, are
authorized and empowered, by the Governor and Council
appointed to assist him, in the recess of the General As-
sembly, to move your body to grant this Colony for its
use, the loan of such a number and sizes of cannon as you
can spare without detriment, which if granted, the return
of them or their value shall be secured. The reason of
this appliation is, that we have undertaken to set the fur-
nace at Salisbury in blast, to cast cannon &c. for use at
this important crisis of public affairs. That the hearth is
laying ; ore, coal and every other necessary preparing ;
workmen provided for every part of the business, and hope
to begin to cast cannon in all next month, or early in May.
They can with greater ease be transported to New-York,
and used where needed, than brought here. In the mean
time fearing our necessity of cannon for use, before this
work can be effected, and apprehending that a great num-
ber, of various sizes may be spared from your Colony with-
out injury to the common service, do therefore hope for a
compliance with our motion.
This Colony have been exploring lead mines ; one at
Middletown is opened ; fifty or sixty tons of ore raised ; a
smelting furnace built there, and expect thirty or forty tons
of lead to be run out soon. A committee appointed by our
Assembly in October last, to explore and examine a lead
mine at New-Canaan, in your Colony, made report at our
session in December last. A copy thereof is enclosed, if
worthy your attention ; and ore is raised there. The fur-
nace at Middletown may serve for smelting what is raisd
at both places. Any service we can render your Colony,
in that or any other instance, will be done with pleasure.
I am, with great truth and regard, sir.
Your most obedient, humble servant,
JNO. TRUMBULL.
To the Hon. Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr.
[A letter from John Haring, enclosing Col. Lent's commission and re-
signation.]
Orangetown, March 20th, 1776.
Sir — Col. Lent was with me the evening before last,
and appeared to be much out of humour, on account of the
late behaviour of part of his regiment ; he says that his
orders has been treated with contempt, and himself slander-
ed, by those from whom he expected assistance.
The colonel has for a number of years last past been a
militia officer, and I believe we never had one who was
more punctual in obeying and performing the orders of his
superiors, and he consequently expected that those under
his command should also obey him ; but by experience he
finds that he can not get the orders of Congress (which from
time to time issue) properly expedited, and he is apprehen-
sive that if he continues in office any longer, he will be cen-
sured by his superiors, as well as blamed by his inferiors.
The Orange town regiment is chiefly composed of such
as know but little of the English language, and nothing of
military affairs ; wherefore, I must impute their backward-
ness and delays to ignorance and ill founded jealousies of
being imposed upon by their commanders, and not to dis-
affection.
The commission of the colonel, together with his resig-
nation, you have enclosed ; he brought the commission to
me and would not be prevailed upon to lake it home again,
so that I thought it my duty to send it to you by the first
opportunity.
The command of the above said regiment now devolves
upon Lieut. Col. Blauvclt. I am fearful that Lent's resig-
nation will be followed by others, but I shall do all that is
in my power to prevent it.
I am, sir, your most obedient,
And very humble servant,
JOHN HARING.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety of New-York.
To all lohom these presents shall come, or may concern.
Whereas, I the subscriber, have some time since been
commissioned by the Hon. Provincial Congress of the
Colony of New-York, to be colonel of the regiment of mi-
litia foot, in Orangetown ; and whereas, I have been much
blamed and slandered, (by some officers and others in said
regiment) for giving orders in pursuance of a late resolve,
and order of said Congress, I have thought proper to resign
my said commission, and accordingly do resign the same ;
choosing rather to serve as a private, than to command peo-
ple who are prejudiced against me.
Given under my hand, the 26th day of March, A. D.
1776.
ABRAHAM LENT.
In Provincial Congress, for the Colony of New-York. ?
The 22d day of December, 1775. J
To Abraham Lent of Orange Town in Orange county
Esqr. — Greeting :
By virtue of the authority reposed in us, we do hereby
nominate, authorize, constitute and appoint the said Abra-
ham Lent, Esq. to be colonel of the regiment of the militia
of foot of Orange Town and precinct of Orange in Orange
county, in the Colony of N. York. Hereby requiring
you, before you enter into the exercise of your said office,
to make in writing, and subscribe in presence of the chair-
man of the committee of the city, town, district, or precinct
wherein you reside, the declaration appointed and directed
by the eleventh section of the seventh resolve contained in
the rules and orders for regulating the militia of the Colony
of New-York, recommended by this Congress on the 22d
day of August, 1775, and authorizing you fully to execute
all the powers belonging to your said office, by virtue of
the said rules and orders and the said declaration : And
we do hereby require all persons under your command, to
pay due obedience to you, according to the said rules and
orders, and such further rules and orders as shall be made
and recommended for the militia of this Colony, by the pre-
sent, or any future Continental Congress, or Provincial Con-
gress of this Colony.
By order,
JOHN HARING, Presidt. pro tern.
Attest.
John McKesson, Secy.
Fishkill, March 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen — In compliance to my order in making re-
port from time to time of my progress in enlisting and
raising a company, to be employed as part of the Ameri-
can Continental army, I hereby inform the Honourable
Congress that I last evening met my lieutenants, Lee and
Lawrence, and Ensign Balding, and find that we have en-
listed sixty-five men ; and I do expect, without any doubt,
to be ready to have my full company mustered the week
after next. And whereas, I further make not the least
doubt but that I shall be ready to be called upon sooner
than any other captain in this county by odds, I therefore
pray that I may be considered as oldest captain in the regi-
ment to which I am to belong.
I am, gentlemen.
Your very hum. servant,
JAS. ROSEKRANS.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress at New- York.
[A letter from Capt. Patrick Sinclair, requesting that he may be per-
mitted to go to England.]
Huntington, 29th Feby. 1776.
Sir — It being the practice of all nations to allow the
subjects of the respective Stales at variance to retire ;
I trouble the Congress with this application for being
176
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
permitted to go to Europe in the first vessel from New-
York.
I am, sir,
Your most obedt. hum. servant,
PAT. SINCLAIR.
To the Presidt. of the Congress, N. York.
[A letter from Thos. Moffat, requesting commissions for militia.]
Blooming Grove, March 2d, 1770.
Sir — Enclosed you have a return for several officers in
the militia and minute departments, occasioned by vacancies
on account of the advancement of some, and others refusing
to qualify. The committee desire you would endeavour
to get the commissions made out for them and sent up as
soon as possible ; and also that you would get a commis-
sion made out for Vincent Helms, ensign, in the company
of Capt. Raymond, in the minute department, a return
whereof has been made but no commission come.
I am, with respect, sir.
Your most obedient and very humble servant,
By order of the committee.
THOMAS MOFFAT, CIL
Newburgh, March Gth, 1776.
Gentlemen — Capt. Elias Hasbrouck having laid before
us Genl. Schuyler's letter to the committee of Kingston, and
the copy of a letter from the committee of Kingston to
your Honourable House, both purporting iiis raising a com-
pany for one of the regiments to be raised in this Colony ;
and in the letter from the said committee of Kingston it
appears that the person to be appointed for the said Has-
brouck's first lieutenant be recommended by the committee
of the precinct in which the said lieutenant may reside :
and Cornelius Hasbrouck, son of Colonel Hasbrouck of
this precinct, being a person nominated by the said Capt.
Hasbrouck, we having taken into consideration the qualifi-
cations of the aforesaid lieutenant, and being perfectly ac-
quainted with him, do hereby recommend him as a very
■worthy, fit person : therefore pray you will favour him
with a warrant as first lieutenant to said Capt. Hasbrouck.
And are, very respectfully,
Gentn. your most humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ABEL BELKNAP, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
I hereby certify that I am perfectly well acquainted with
Cornelius Hasbrouck above mentioned, and can with pro-
priety recommend him as a worthy person for a commis-
sion of first lieutenant of Capt. Hasbrouck's company.
THOS. PALMER.
FishkiU, March 6, 1776.
Sir — Capt. Godwin informing me that Lieut. Peter
Rosa, a second in Capt. Belknap's company, is, on condi-
tion of being admitted into the new establishment, capable
of enlisting the greater part, if not all of the said company ;
of which requiring my approbation, I can not refuse it con-
sistently with my opinion of public good. The said com-
pany being well fledged already, makes it a very desira-
ble object to retain them ; and Mr. Rosa being well ac-
quainted with them, puts it in his power to complete Capt.
Godwin's company in a few days, which he will undertake
to do, on the terms of receiving a lieutenancy in the said
company, where, there being now a vacancy, I should
wish he was placed.
If you concur in opinion with me, please signify the
same in writing, and we shall hand it to the committee of
arrangement at Esopus.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
R. HARPUR.
To John Jay, Esqr.
Mr. Sacket writes me, from King-street, that on the 1st
inst. our militia below had scoured Frog's neck, and taken
off about 150 horned cattle and a large number of horses.
That they liad passed by one of the enemy's ships, within
musket shot of her, without receiving the least interruption.
Sir, yours as before. R. H.
Dear Sir — I am well content that the gentleman you
recommend should have the vacant lieutenancy, provided
his appointment will not do injustice to persons better en-
titled to it by former services ; but of this my being so
long detained from the committee of arrangement prevents
my being a proper judge.
I am, dear sir, your obedt. servt.
JOHN JAY.
Mr. Harpur.
[A letter from Christian Jacobson, Chairman of the Committee of
Richmond County.]
Richmond County, March 7th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Agreeable to your request of Febr. 21st,
we here send you the proceedings of the trials of Richd.
Conner, Esqr. Isaac Decker, Minah Burger and Abraham
Harris, being returned from their confinement in Eliza-
bethtown. The committee being this day assembled pro-
ceeded to the trial of Isaac Decker, relative to a complaint
against him for having carried provisions on board the
transport, and opposing choosing of delegates, speaking
against the Continental and Provincial Congress and their
proceedings, and for having carried Cortland Skinner on
board the man of war, &c.
Samuel Dehart one of the evidence, mentioned in the
accusation against said Isaac Decker, being examined on
oath to each particular complaint, declared that the said
Isaac Decker was not guilty of either of the above com-
plaints to his knowledge.
Josiah Mercereau, being the other evidence mentioned
in the charge against Isaac Decker, did appear, but would
not give his evidence when called for, &c. The committee
has therefore referred the matter until Friday the fifteenth
March for further examination &c.
N. B. Mr Isaac Decker owns that he sent Mr. Cort-
land Skinner on board the ship Duchess of Gordon with
his barge, &;c. and at the last election for Delegates it ap-
pears by the list of votes that he voted for Deputies to be
sent to represent this county in Provincial Congress, and
has signed the general association, &c.
The committee then proceeded to the trial of Minah
Burger, and after having examined the evidence against
said Minah Burger, the committee took in consideration
the charge and complaint alleged against him, and on
examination it appeared to the committee to be groundless
and without foundation, and therefore discharged said Mi-
nah Burger from said complaint, &;c.
The committee then proceeded to the trial of Abraham
Harris, relative to a complaint against him for drinking
damnation to independency, and for having said he enlisted
30 men in Egg Harbour for King and country.
Seth Johnson, one of the evidence to the above charge,
being examined on oath, declared, that he was at the house
of Isaac Decker, when Abraham Harris told him that he
had enlisted 30 men at the forks of Egg Harbour for King
and country, by order of a gentleman in New- York ; fur-
ther, the deponent says, the next day said Harris told him
he was not in earnest ; and further says not.
David Crane, the other evidence to the above charge,
being examined on oath, declared, that he was at the house
of Isaac Decker, and the deponent saw said Mr. Harris
with a bowl in his hand, and drink damnation to all inde-
pendency, and heard said Harris say, that he had enlisted
men at Egg Harbour for King and country, and that they
were not far off, &;c. and further says not.
N. B. Said Harris is taken by the sheriff, and now con-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
177
fined in Richmond jail on account of a debt. The com-
mittee knows not by what means to bring him to trial ;
would be glad of advice.
The committee then proceeded to the trial of Richard
Conner, Esqr. but no evidence appeared against him, it
was deferred until Friday the fifteenth instant.
For more particulars, relative to the foregoing trials and
others, reference to the journal of the committee, may be
had, &c.
We are, gentlemen, your very humble servt.
By order of the committee.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON, Chairman.
To the Provincial Congress in New- York.
[Letter from Thomas Belknap, at New-Windsor.]
New- Windsor, March 8tk, 1776.
Please Your Excellency :
The convention of the county of Ulster, was
pleased to recommend me, the subscriber, to the Provin-
cial Congress in New- York, to raise a company of riflemen
at Wyoma and the back mountains. Referring the mat-
ter to their better judgment, and if your Excellency wants
such a company of men in the Continental army, it is the
petition of your humble servant, that His Excellency would
please to make it known to the said Congress, as soon as
His Excellency shall think proper, there being now a con-
siderable number of bright riflemen waiting to know wheth-
er the Honourable Congress will send me a warrant to
enlist them or not.
His Excellency taking the affair of said matter into his
consideration, will oblige his
Most obedient hum. servt. at command.
THOMAS BELKNAP, Jr.
To His Excellency General Lee, Chief
Commander of the army at New-
York, or the next commanding
officer.
[Lord Stirling's note to Abraham Yates, Esq.]
New-York, March, 8 1776.
Sir — I now send you copy of part of the orders which
I propose delivering out this evening, in consequence of
01 what passed between the committee and myself this
morning.
I am your most humble servt.
STIRLING.
[Letter from John Hathorn, chairman of the committee of Goshen pre-
cinct to Nathaniel Woodhull, Esq.]
Goshen Precinct, Orange county, March 9, 1776.
May it please your Honour —
Whereas, some vacancie subsists in several com-
panies of the militia in the regiments of Goshen, and Flo-
rida, and Warwick, whereof returns have been made to
me by the members of the committee, who were appointed
to preside at the election of persons to supply those vacan-
cies in the respective companies, of which are the follow-
ing :
In Captain Thompson's company in Goshen regiment,
returned to fill the place of Coe Gale and Daniel Everett,
who are removed into the minute company, viz. William
Thompson, 2nd lieutenant, and Phineas Case ensign.
John Hopper, who was appointed second lieutenant in
Captain Dollson's company, in Florida and Warwick regi-
ment, refuses to accept his commission ; returned in his
place Matthew DoUson, junr. second lieutenant, and John
Jebow ensign, in the room of Matthew Dollson, being ad-
vanced.
I also inform your honour, that a mistake appears in the
commission for the first lieutenant of Captain Dollson's
company. The commission is come for Henry Bartolf,
which should have been for Peter Bartolf, he being the per-
son elected in the company.
[Vol. II.] 45
Pray that your honour, may issue the commissions agree-
ably to the above return.
I am your most obedient
Very humble servant,
JOHN HATHORN, Chairman.
N. B. Have added another return that this moment
came to hand, of the appointing Mertinus Decker second
lieutenant, in Captain Cortright's company in Goshen regi-
ment, in the place of Johannes Decker, being appointed
major.
To Nathaniel Woodhtjll, Esq. President
of the Honouiable Provincial Congress of
the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Levi Pauling, enclosing a return of subaltern officers of a
miUtia company.]
Marhletown, April 23, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed you have a return from the four
gentlemen who were appointed as a sub-committee, by the
general committee for the town of Rochester ; your
honours will be kind enough to send us the commissions
as soon as possible. There can be no reasonable objec-
tions made why the three gentlemen returned should not
be commissioned. The reason of the vacancy in Captain
Schoonmaker's company is, that one of his subalterns is an
ofiicer in the Continental service, the other two in Colonel
De Witt's regiment of minute men. Your compliance will
oblige
Your most humble servant,
LEVI PAWLING.
[Letter from General Washington relating to the mUitia being ready,
signals, &c.]
April 20, 1776.
Gentlemen — I thank you for the polite and ready at-
tention you paid to my requisition of the 17th inst. When
the civil and military powers cooperate and afford mutual
aid to each other, there can be little doubt of things going
well. I have now to request the favor of your information
in what manner, and in what time, a body of 2000 or 2500
militia might be collected from this Colony, for actual ser-
vice upon any sudden emergency.
Although we may not, and I trust in God, shall not have
occasion for their aid, common prudence does nevertheless
dictate the expediency of a preconcerted plan for calling
them in, that in case of necessity they may be drawn to-
gether in proper corps without tumult or disorder, and at
the same time with the utmost expedition. This will not
be the case if men are not regularly embodied, and notified
that they are to step forth at a moment's warning.
The idea that strikes me as the properst eto be pursued
at present, is to establish out of the Continental forces
good look-outs on the heights and headlands at the en-
trance of the harbour, who, upon the appearance of a fleet,
shall make such signals as, being answered from place to
place, shall convey the earliest intelligence to Head-Quar-
ters of the strength and approach of the enemy. These
signals, for greater certainty, to be followed by expresses,
and then in case any thing formidable should appear, for
the Committee of Safety, if sitting, if not, those to whom
the power shall be delegated, upon application from the
commanding officer of the Continenlal forces, to order in
one, two, or more battalions, as the exigency of the case
may require : or for greater despatch, such militia, or part
of them as shall be allotted to the service by the commit-
tee, might be assembled (if in the town or its vicinity,) by
signals to be agreed on.
A mode of proceeding of a similar kind concerted with
Jersey, would bring in a reinforcement speedily, and with-
out those irregularities and lunicccssary expenses which
but too frequently attend the movement of militia.
178
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Thus, gentlemen, I have expressed my sentiments to
you upon the occasion. Your prudence will suggest to
you the necessity of adopting these or other methods of a
like nature, and your wisdom will point out the most effec-
tual and expeditious manner of carrying them into execu-
tion. I therefore submit them to your consideration.
And am, with very great respect,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Chairman of the Committee of
Safety for the Colony of New- York.
[A letter from Ab. Livingston, stating that he is •willing to resign
being commissary.]
Neii>-York, lUh March, 1776.
Gent. — Having been informed that Mr. Curtenius has
applied to Congress for farther proposals being made by
both him and me, on a supposition that I had not attended
to the tenor of the advertisement, I think it necessary to
acquaint you what motives induced me to form that part of
my offer which proposes that all expense of transportation
be paid by the public. I requested the favour of Mr. Lott
to ask the Congress some questions that I thought abso-
lutely necessary, which I delivered to him in writing. One
of the questions was, " Where are the troops to be sta-
tioned ?" The answer delivered to me, also in writing,
" Wherever the General pleases." I could not therefore
as a person possessed of the least degree of prudence, at-
tempt to make any other proposals on that head than I did,
at least within the bounds of moderation.
I am pretty well assured that Mr. Curtenius knew from
Congress that the troops were to be stationed in New- York,
Kings county and the Highlands. I therefore cannot but
think that the Congress will readily consider my proposals
the most reasonable, as the expense of transportation to
those places cannot possibly exceed one halfpenny per ra-
tion. I have the answers to the questions to Mr. Lott,
ready to produce to the Congress, should they think proper
to see them.
I thank the Congress for their kindness in appointing me
commissary of provisions. When I engaged in that busi-
ness, I understood that while I remained in office I was to
transact all affairs in that department ; and as I have lately
understood that some other person has been employed to
furnish what properly came within the line of my duty,
and nothing left for me to transact but such business as in
all probability many would refuse, I find it will answer
no purpose to continue in that office. I therefore apprize
the Congress that I do decline serving as commissary, anc
lest the public service should be impeded by my resigna-
tion, I will serve provision as usual to supply the troops
this week, and shall be ready to deliver the provision, &c.
on hand to whoever the Congress may please to appoint.
I have ordered my accounts to be made out, and am
ready for an immediate settlement. I can not conclude
without declaring to Congress that the post I now resign
was not at all solicited by me, and sincerely wish the ap-
pointment of a person who will give more satisfaction.
I am, with respect,
Your very hum. servt.
AB. LIVINGSTON.
Fairfield, 12th March, 1776.
Sir — The receipt of your letter of the 6th inst. by Mr.
Sturges, gave me a good deal of pleasure. I imaginec
that the paragraph in which you expressed your cheerful
willingness to be bound to Mr. Burr for my faitfulness as
a prisoner, would have led him to have given me a condi-
tional enlargement. Mr. Burr took advice on it, but it die
not produce the effect which I expected ; so I still remain
in the disagreeable apartment.
It gives me some satisfaction to find that your Congress
lad no hand in my being taken or brought off, and 1 can
not but thank them for their proceedings on my last letter.
J. conceive them still more entitled to my hearty thanks,
when I reflect that they proceeded in my behalf, knowing
at the same time that 1 was one of those wlio did not hold
Congresses in very high esteem — a reflection, 1 must own,
that makes me view them through a more favourable me-
dium than heretofore.
But while I thus freely confess that I have not held any
assemblies in high veneration, except such as were called
by regular writ, I can, with equal truth, say, that whoever
construes the disliked expressions in my letter to Colonel
iellows, to relate to others than those of the county of
Cumberland, gives it a construction which was not thought
of by me when 1 wrote it. I am not of opinion that you
or many of your body hold their proceedings in a much
better light than myself; nor can I suppose that any one
can think me blameable in forbidding a delivery of the re-
cords to any but myself or deputy.
The duty (mentioned in my letter) under which I should
be laid by such a dchvery, was, as I took it, or else as I
mistook it, enjoined on me in the most solemn manner, by
oaths which the law required to be repealed, sworn to and
subscribed. However, I could not have exercised such
duty without at the same time using all the means for
averting every calamity that could thereby be produced.
And even then the exercise of it would (as I hinted in the
etter) give me much pain ; far more, I find, than my per-
secutors labour under, though they were not compelled
thereto by any duty.
For my own part, I do not recollect any order of Con-
gress forbidding people's speaking or writing on any side
or subject, nor any penalties being ordered to be inflicted
therefor. It is true such may have been made without my
knowing it, or they may have slipped my memory. Should
that be the case, I would trouble you to inform me of the
particulars of them.
Had I ever undertaken on the side of the Congress, and
betrayed my trust, I should have considered my present
fate as merited. Or, (on the other hand,) if I had been
employed in what is by some called " tory plots," my pre-
sent fate might have been considered as a means of pre-
venting their being effected. But neither of these is even
pretended to be the case. The letter for which I am per-
secuted, was written to a gentleman whom I knew to be
of opposite sentiments from myself ; yet the openness and
integrity of my own heart forbade me to suspect evil from
the hands of one who had only a few months before ex-
pressed a regard for my person.
Had there been an order of the Congress for my being
taken and brought off by the military ; or had there been
a previous declaration for a general use of the law martial,
I should then have been some, though far less, surprised
at my present situation than I now am ; but as neither of
these was the case, I must frankly acknowledge my entire
inability to reconcile it with the principles of liberty, how-
ever easy the solution of such a problem may be to those
who have acquired a profundity in politics.
I am pretty much of opinion that my imprisonment must
be owing to some whose zeal carries them beyond the line
and prompts them to an enmity with the persons of men.
Soft and generous treatment has often converted the er-
roneous ; but the history of mankind will furnish few if
any instances of good effects being wrought by persecu-
tion ; and if I may judge of myself by the general nature
of mankind in all ages, a continued persecution may be
but too likely to excite a spirit of revenge in that breast in
which it hath not hitherto found any harbour.
It is quite probable, (as you observe in your letter,)
" that ill treatment and abuse, unmerited in my office,
might have tended to confirm me in my mode of thinking."
I look on ray present fate to be a continuation of the same
I " ill treatment," and instigated by some of the same per-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
179
sons ; and I am far from being the only one who suspects
that some of them have yet more hidden designs in view.
Should you discover any thing of that kind, I make no
doubt but you and every other good man would endeaeour
effectually to bafifle it ; but how it could be effected at this
distance is not easy to see ; and before it could be known
at New-York, it might be past remedy ; which is one rea-
son for my wanting to be in New- York with as much ex-
pedition as may be.
You may perhaps imagine these apprehensions to be
entirely groundless ; but give me leave to assure you that
I can fully convince you, (and will do it on oath if you still
doubt il,) from circumstances which are known by few, if
any, in New-York, even of those who think with me on
the matter, that there is sufficient reason for such appre-
hensions.
However, whether I return to New-York or not, may
the Almighty's will be done ! I flatter myself that that
nobleness of heart which characterizes the free born Brit-
ton, that spirit in which malice or revenge hath never
reigned, added to a conscience serene and clear, will ena-
ble me to pass through the various mazes and labyrinths of
persecution, torture, or death, with all the patience and re-
signation of a martyr ; and should the apprehensions which
I have mentioned grow into realities, I shall say with
Balaam, " Let me die the death of the righteous ; let my
last end be hke his !"
Permit me to request that you would remember my best
compliments to all my acquaintance, and to those of your
members, (whether known or unknown,) who voted for an
inquiry into my affair.
And give me leave to subscribe myself (with the best
wishes of hapoiness to yourself and all mankind — my per-
secutors not excepted,)
Sir, your most obedt. servt.
S. GALE.
P. S. I should be glad to hear from you shortly, as I
shall otherwise sue out a habeas corpus from the Supreme
Court of this Colony, to know by what legal authority I
am here detained.
To Mr. McKesson.
[A letter from Col. Jacobus Swartwout.l
New-York, March Ath, 1776.
Gentlemen — I was just now informed that Lieut. Lee,
of Capt. Rosekrans's company of the Provincials, had sent
in a letter to your Honourable Board, setting forth that he
made claim to part of Capt. Clark's company of minute
men, in my regiment. The true state is this ; that is to
say — Capt. Clark raised the greatest part of a minute com-
pany agreeably to the rules and regulations of the Con-
gress ; after which time Lieut. Lee tried to list some of the
company without being lawfully authorized, as will appear
by your minutes ; for Capt. Clark was come here with his
company before Lieut. Lee had received his warrant for
recruiting. So consequently what he had done before, was
void ; and when minute men and militia are called in actu-
al service, as we are at present, are to be under the same
rules and regulations equal to the Continental troops, and
consequently no more liable to have their men enlisted out
of their regiment than any other. All I ask, is an equal
right with the rest of the regiments, agreeably to the rules
of Congress. A recruiting lieutenant of Capt. Barnum's
company is returned with 17 men to join the company, and
expect daly the others to return with their recruits to join
their companies ; and if my men should thus be liable to
be taken away, it will discourage the recruiting officers in
the minute service. But however, when my regiment are
discharged, I am very willing they should enter in the Pro-
vincial service, but not till then, as they are at present of
utility in carrying on the fortifications.
I am, gentlemen, with respect.
Your most humb. servt.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT, Col.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
of New-York.
[A letter from Col. Abraham Lent, and a return of his regiment.]
Orangetown, March 12, 1776.
Sirs — Agreeably to your order, I have desired the offi-
cers under my command, to hold their respective companies
in readiness at a moment's warning ; and now enclose you
a return of the regiment under my command. The 4th
men are in readiness, and are returned to the major of min-
ute men out of my regiment.
I am, with respect, sirs.
Your most obedt. servant.
ABRAHAM LENT.
N. B. The reason of your finding only two companies
of mihtia in the return, is owing to one company turned
out for minute men.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York, or the
Committee of Safety at New-York.
[A letter from David Mathews to Col. WoodhuU.]
New-York, March Uth, 1776.
Sir — I enclose you a letter from Mr. Francis Dashwood,
Secretary to the post-office, directed to me, requesting that
I would procure a permit for him, John Antill and Henry
Bull, to go on board the Swallow packet.
If the Congress think proper to grant such a permit, and
will be pleased to send it to me, I will deliver it to Mr.
Dashwood.
I am, sir, your most obedt. humb. servt.
D. MATHEWS.
[A letter from Francis Dashwood, to the Mayor.]
General Post-Office, )
New-York, March, Uth, 1776. S
Sir — I received the enclosed from Mr. Foxcroft, yester-
day evening, and request you will be pleased to procure
us some means of getting on board, that the inhabitants may
have their letters ; which they otherwise cannot.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
FRANCIS DASHWOOD, Secy.
N. B. Clerks belonging to the office : John Antill ; Mr.
Henry Boell.
To David Mathews, Esqr. Mayor of the
city of New-York.
[A letter from John Foxcroft, to his clerk, Francis Dashwood, Esqr.]
On board the Swallow packet-boat, March, 13th, 1776.
Sir — On receipt of this, I desire you will immediately
come on board with the clerks of the office, to assist in
sorting and taking an account of the letters, in order for
their immediate delivery.
I am, sir, your most obedt. hum. servt.
JOHN FOXCROFT.
To Fean. Dashwood, Esq.
[A letter from John Hasbrouck, of Marbletown.]
Marblctown, March 8th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I understand that Mr. Cantine, one of our
Delegates, is gone down to New- York, and intends to apply
180
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
to Congress for commissions, for a company of grena-
diers for the township of Marbletown. If this is granted,
it will create a great disturbance in the companies in said
township, and will throw our companies in great confusion.
I hereby only let you know the state of the course as it
stands, and you may do, in that case, as you, in your
great wisdom, judge will answer to and for the American
Union, and interest.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient, most humble servant.
JOHN HASBROUCK.
To Col. N.\THANIEL WOODHULL,
President of the Provincial Con-
gress at New- York.
Fredericksburgh Committee, )
March 15th, 1776. S
Whereas Isaac Bates has been represented to this com-
mittee as being unfriendly to our country, we have had
him under examination and find him guilty of said charge.
We, therefore, refer him to the honourable county ^com-
mittee for further examination.
Fredericksburgh, March 15th, 1775.
Isaac Bates, upon being taken up as a deserter, by an
advertisement from Elijah Oakley, lieutenant under Capt.
Comfort Ludinton, of Colo. Jacobus Svvartwout's regi-
ment of minute men, pleads and says that said Lieut. Oak-
ley did release him, in support of which plea he produced
the evidences, whose depositions are as follows :
" I, Abraham Birdsil, of lawful age, being sworn before
the chairman of the committee, do testify and say that on
tho 5th of this instant March, being at the house of Cor-
nelius Fuller, I heard Elijah Oakley say he would give
any man two shillings that would set his name to such a
paper. Whereupon Isaac Bates said he would set his
name to it ; and the said Oakley said he would give him
four shillings if he would ; and finally said as he could not
make change he would give him a six shilling bill, lawful
money. And as Bates took the pen Oakley says if you
do write your name there you shall go, and Bates said I
mean to go, and wrote on the bottom of the paper as I sup-
posed his name, but I understand by others (for I cannot
read writing) that he wrote Elijah Oakley may kiss my
Isaac Bates ; at which Oakley was mad and
swore he should go. Whereupon Bates says why you
are not mad are you, I was only in a joke. Joke or no
joke said Oakley, you shall go. But afterwards I saw
Bates give Oakley the bill again, and saw Oakley tear off
a piece of paper which I suppose was what Bates had
written, and I understood by Oakley that he had dis-
charged him. Whereupon I said to "Bates, since Oakley
is so fair with you, you ought to treat him, and he imme-
diately called for grog and did treat him."
"I, John Chase, of lawful age, being sworn before the
chairman of the committee, do testify to the whole of the
foregoing deposition ; and further that when Oakley took
the bill he said he would see if it was the same bill which
he gave Bates, and went to the light and said it was the
same bill which I gave you. Now (said I to Mr. Oakley)
you and Isaac are clear, are you not ? yes, said Mr. Oakley
we are clear, it was only a joke."
We do suspect the above mentioned Elijah Oakley as
being unfriendly to the country, from his conduct in enlist-
ing Isaac Bates who was known to be a professed tory,
and taking him out of our hands when we were about to
deal with him, and then discharged him, but at the same
time positively affirmed to us that he would make him go,
and finally did advertise him, when he never kept out of
his way.
By order of the committee of Fredericksburgh.
DAVID SMITH, Chairman.
March 16</i, 1776.
[A letter from Gilbert Livingston covering the muster roll of part of
Uillings's and Swartwoul's companies.]
Fort Montgomery, March 27th, 1776.
Gentn. — Enclosed I find muster rolls of part of Capt.
Billings's and Swartwout's companies, taken at their par-
ticular request, on being ordered to this post. The cap-
tains not choosing to march their men till they were muster-
ed, a difficulty arose, as the muster-master, Colo. Swart-
wout, was at New- York. To give the gentlemen satisfac-
tion as far as I was able, I took the enclosed muster rolls,
from necessity, as the only expedient that then presented ;
only parts of companies were ordered down, thinking it
better to have them down in detached parties as fast as
they could be enlisted, than to have many idle till the com-
panies were completed. Capt. Billings that carries this will
inform you of the stale of things at this post, the soldiery
having scarcely one camp necessary, but what we have
lent them.
Am gentn. with much respect.
Your very humble servant,
GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
To the Chairman of the Committe of Safety.
March 30, 1776.
Gentlemen — It astonishes every lover of his country,
your allowing at this time, so many gentlemen to leave
this Continent and go to Britain. You can not have too
many pledges on your hands ; and there is none at this
period of danger that should be allowed to leave the Con-
tinent who are able to bear arms, far less should they be
allowed to be conveying quantites of specie out of this
Province. The passengers now going from this place
must pay their freight in gold and silver, which will at least
take away £1000 in cash. This hurts the cause much
more than importing necessary articles ; do not stumble at
molehills and jump over mountains.
Yours as you conduct yourselves.
AMERICANUS.
[A letter from Benj. Birdsall containing information of the condact
of the inhabitants in Queens County.]
Oysterbay, Southwest Neck, March 2Ut, 1776.
Gentlemen — I think myself bound in duty to inform
you of the conduct of the people in the southeastermost
part of our county of Queens, where I am well acquainted.
I here enclose a song, that is publicly and frequently sung
with joy and jolity, and healths drank damnation to the
Congress. Such public conduct I conceive, is detrimen-
tal to the public union of friendship in our county, and to
the American cause now in contest with Great Britain.
I for my own part, rely my trust and confidence in the
Continental and Provincial Congress, and depend they will
take all methods, that to them may seem advantageous for
the safety of our country and the more perfect union with
the people. I can say, our Queens county has been and
still is, in a surprising situation, dangerous to the welfare
of our country, and remarkable contradictions with those
who are actually friends to the cause of America, and un-
less some particular resolves should be shortly passed for
the better regulating said county, and by its being some
way regulated by the Congress military law, I apprehend it
will grow worse instead of better. I am ready and free to
discharge any request in my power, for the protection of
my country at either the call of the Continental or Provin-
cial Congress ; and therefore I pray, that until a perfect
peace may be finally settled with you, the Congress and
Great Britain, that you may stand fast in the light, with
that true guide in Congress, that will support and protect
advantageous laws for the protection of your friends, and a
perfect union in and throughout all the thirteen United
Colonies, and more, all the friends to the American cause
be they where they may.
From your most obedient and humble servant.
BENJAMIN BIRDSALL.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
181
[H. Brewer's letter to the Committee of Safety.]
New-York, March 27, 1776.
There will be wanting for five thousand men (which is
tny orders to provide for,) 834 pots, and 100 tea kettles.
834 pots with 6 men to each pot, will supply 5004 men.
I would recommend to the Committee of Safety, to send
into the country, to desire the inhabitants to send wood to
this city, to supply the army, and to appoint some person
to measure the wood and give a receipt that he received
the wood, which receipt when shown to Col. Mifflin will
fetch the money.
H. BREWER, B. M. G.
[A letter from Isaac Nicoll, at Fort Constitution]
Fort Constitution, March 31st, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed you have a copy of a letter sent to Con-
gress by Capt. Raymond, but am doubtful it was never de-
livered, as I have not had any account of the receipt of it.
The garrison is still destitute of the greatest part of the
articles therein mentioned. I desire you would let the
Committee of Safety see the enclosed copy, if the original
was not delivered, and let me know as soon as possible
how I am to be provided with necessaries, both for this,
and the garrison at Popolope kill.
I sent an account by Capt. Moffat a few days ago of
sundries I stand charged with, for the use of the garrison,
and as the money is wanting, should be glad to know how
I am to meet it. Be good enough to introduce the mat-
ter in Committee of Safety and let me know their conclu-
sion.
Your compliance will oblige sir.
Your humb. servant.
ISAAC NICOLL.
N: B. Mr. Felps has been here since the enclosed letter
was wrote, but has made no provision at all, only some
fresh meat and potatoes.
March 30th, 1776.
Sir — The subscribers of the enclosed, Jonathan Brooks
and Ruben Clark, being proper members of the committee
of Cornwell precinct, and the bearer Nathan June, informs
the need of having the commissions sent speedily. If you
can send them by the bearer, you will oblige
Your humble servt.
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
To Joseph Hallet, Chairman of the
Committee of Safety in New-York.
[A letter from F. Lewis at Baltimore, on the subject of purchases on
account of the Convention, &c.]
Baltimore, 12th March, 1776.
Gentlemen — I wrote you the 16th, 31st Jany. and 18lh
Feby. addressed to the President ; since which I have been
honoured with his of the 13th Feby. directing several
articles to be purchased out of the Montgomery's prizes
for the use of the State, which it was not in my power to
execute for the following reasons, viz. Upon an applica-
tion of Congress setting forth, that, as several hundred
recruits for the new battalions were daily coming into this
town from the States of Virginia and Maryland, in or-
der to reinforce Genl. Washington's army ; and those
being destitute of proper clothing, &c. it would be abso-
lutely necessary that the several articles captured by the
Montgomery and suitable for the soldiery, should be ap-
plied here, and requesting my assent which I peremptorily
refused. The next day it was moved in Congress that an
order should issue appointing four persons to appraise all
the woolens and linens, &c. suitable for the soldiery, cap-
tured by the Montgomery armed vessel. Upon the mo-
tions being read, I objected to the proceeding as partial,
and gave the following reasons : that as the property was
on condemnation vested in the State of New- York, together
[Vol. n.] 46
with the captain and crew of the Montgomery, and that
the latter insisted upon having their property disposed off" in
the customary manner of public vendue, and urged the
evil that might attend such a precedent, especially as I
had directions from your Convention, to purchase those
articles and forward them to you for the clothing your
troops, who they (the Congress) well knew that the State
of New-York in its present circumstances had no port
open through which they could introduce any supplies ;
but maugre all my objections the question was put and
carried nemine con. for the motion, and four gentlemen of
this town appointed appraisers. The members of Con-
gress having left this a few days afterwards by adjourn-
ment to Philadelphia, the appraisers when met declared
themselves inadequate to the appointment, being totally
unacquainted with the value of those goods, which togeth-
er with the captain and crew's opposition to that mode,
produced an argument between the parties that all should
be sold at auction except the woolens and coarse linens,
which the Congress was to take at the rates of a dollar per
yd. for what cost one shilhng sterling for the woolens, and
and 4s. 6d. for the coarse linens, the rest of the cargo that
sold at vendue, I compute upon an average went off" at
about one thousand per cent : as a specimen, yard wide
Irish linen that cost 2s. 8d per yard sterling, sold for 24s.
per yard, (a dollar is 7s. 6d.) cordage sold at £14 5s. per
cwt.
I forgot to mention that, in answer to my argument
against the motion. Congress availed themselves of a letter
from Genl. Washington advising them that the Convention
at Fishkill had there stopped (as I think) thirty-six wagons
laden with cloathing for the army immediately under his
command ; he says, " indeed I cannot blame them, knowing
their distressed situation." However of this a handle was
made to obviate my objections.
The sale of the schooner's cargo is now completed. In
short, such was the exorbitant prices which these goods
sold at, that I was deterred from making a considerable
purchase ; add to this difficulty of procuring conveyances,
which are all employed in transporting the Congress's
stores, the member's baggage, together with that of the
new battalions on their march to Head-Quarters. I have
only bought a few sacks of barley, some coils of cordage,
and the four crosscut saws, thinking they may be of ser-
vice with Genl. Schuyler at Albany, and those perhaps I
may be obliged to leave behind for the pubhc, for want of
conveyance.
The trial of the brig laden with salt is to come on Tues-
day the 18th inst. I believe she will be acquitted by the
admiralty court, being claimed by an inhabitant of this
town, if so, Capt. Rogers intends appealing to Congress,
as it appears by the register and papers found on board
that she was owned in Ireland and bound to New-York,
which the claimants pretend was only for a covering.
Capt. Rogers has his sloop almost ready for the sea,
and intends sailing as soon as the brig's trial is over, but
informs me that himself and crew are entitled to a moiety
of all captures. Upon my asking him for his articles, he
told me that his argument was verbal, i. e. to be upon the
same footing with armed vessels fitted out by Congress
which were originally one-third for the captors, but tiiat
previous to his taking these two last prizes. Congress had
extended it to one-half : as this is contrary to the tenor of
your last letter, I shall cause the distribution of the jirize
money to be deferred until I receive your further instruc-
tion on this head.
Our State being still unrepresented in Congress, it was
thought necessary I should remain here a few days longer
to transact some business in the marine department. In
that time I shall get the sales of the prizes, &c. completed
and set off" for Philadelphia, from thence transmit you the
accounts. Please to fiirnish nic with your directions in
the disposal of the net proceeds, and permit mc again to
182 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
remind you of having our Slate represented in Congess ; it
has suffered by the omission.
I am, respectfully, gentlemen,
Your very humble servt.
F. LEWIS.
[Letter from General Washington to Lord Stirling.]
Cambridge, March 19, 1776,
My Lord — I am now to acknowledge the receipt of
your favour of the 11th instant, and to give you my con-
gratulations upon your late appointment by the Honoura-
ble Congress.
If the intelligence is true and to be depended on, which
was brought by the gentleman to New-York, I think with
you, that we shall have an opportunity of securing and put-
ting the Continent in a tolerable posture of defence, and
that the operations of the summer campaign will be not so
terrible as we were taught to expect, from the accounts
and denunciations which the Ministry have held forth to
the public.
I have the pleasure to inform you, that on the morning
of the 17lh instant, General Howe, with his army, aban-
doned the town of Boston without destroying it, an event
of much importance, and which must be heard with great
satisfaction, and that we are now in full possession. Their
embarkations and retreat were hurried and precipitate, and
they have left behind them stores of one thing and another
to a pretty considerable amount, among which are several
pieces of heavy cannon and one or two mortars, which are
spiked. The town is in a much better situation and less
injured than I expected from the reports I had received,
though to be sure it is much damaged, and many houses
despoiled of their valuable furniture.
The fleet is still in King and Nantasket roads, and
where they intend to make a descent next is altogether
unknown ; but supposing New-York to be an object of
much importance, and to be in their view, I must recom-
mend your most strenuous and active exertions in prepar-
ing to prevent any designs or attempts they may have
against it. I have detached the riflemen and five battahons
from hence to your assistance, which will be followed by
others as circumstances will allow. These, with what
forces you have and can assemble, if there should be occa-
sion, I trust will be sufficient to hinder the enemy from
possessing the city, or making a lodgment, until the mEiin
body of this army can arrive.
I am, my Lord, with great esteem,
Your most obedient and humble servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Dear Sir — I beg the favour of you to send the enclosed
letters by the very first opportunity to England. I heard
all your family were well yesterday.
Yours sincerely,
S. BAYARD, JuNR.
[Justice Peter Van Alstyne's letter, stating that the people of Kinder-
hook object to process of law being issued in the King's name, &c.]
Kinderhook, Albany county, 22d March, 1776.
Gentlemen — A difficulty has arisen in the execution of
my office as justice of the peace under the Five Pound Act,
which induces me to apply to your Board. I have hitherto
issued precepts as usual, when applied to for the recovery
of debts within my limited jurisdiction, though I have al-
ways, since the commencement of our public distresses,
endeavoured to dissuade parties from a prosecution, where
the debtor's default arose from inability ; but where I have
been assured that the demand of process by the plaintiff
has not proceeded from litigiousness, but as a means of
obtaining a just debt, which was not detained from ina-
bility, but from an expectation of evading payment through
the feebleness of the law, I have readily exercised the
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
powers of my office. Notwithstanding these my princi-
ples, I have given offence, and on Saturday last I was
visited by sundry persons, who said they were a committee
from a larger number in the northeastern part of this dis-
trict, who had come to a resolution, that the law for the
recovery of debts before a magistrate should cease in this
district ; and yesterday, when I happened to be from home,
about thirty or forty men came with a design to compel
me to a promise, of desisting from the further exercise of
my office in civil suits. The objections they made are of
a general nature, and by no means confined to me, for no
peculiar hardship or any oppression is complained of, nor
has any resentment been shewn against the plaintiffs ; but
they say, that in the present situation of the country they
ought not to be compelled by law to pay debts, and that
while we are fighting against the King, (I state their objec-
tions,) it is absurd to use his name or authority to enforce
the payment of debts. Your Board will at once perceive
the dilemma to which myself, and indeed all who are con-
cerned in the administration of justice, are reduced by these
principles, and the compulsory methods threatened of car-
rying them into execution. For my part, I have remon-
strated that no order of the Continantal Congress, the Pro-
vincial Congress, or the general county committee, has
passed for a cessation of law, and that when either inter-
feres I shall doubtless be freed from such applications :
They on the contrary argue, that the silence of the Con-
gress must be taken to be in their favour, from the evident
reasonableness of their objections, (which I have already
stated,) and therefore that it is incumbent on those who are
advocates of the laws going on, to get an express declara-
tion to destroy what they suppose to be the implied sense
of the Congresses. At present, while the one party com-
plains of the hardship of paying debts, the other thinks it
equally hard to be restrained from the only effectual means
of enforcing their just demands.
Upon the whole, it would be of public benefit that your
Board, which, except the grand Continental Congress, is
the only competent power to decide these differences,
should express its sentiments on this important subject, for
it is that by which all sides profess themselves ready to
govern themselves.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient servant,
PETER VAN ALSTINE.
Although we have not yet experienced the inconvenien-
ces above set forth ; yet, being exposed thereto from the
nature of our offices as magistrates, we beg leave to join
in the above representation.
PETER VOSBURGH,
H. V. SCHAACK,
ANDRIES WITBECK.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
[A letter from Suffolk county committee.]
Suffolk county, March 1, 1776.
Gentlemen — We have requested of the Congress the
loan of five hundred pounds, which we desire you to re-
ceive, to be lodged with our treasurer, Col Josiah Smith,
who is to pay out the same by order of the committee.
We are, gentlemen, your humb. servt.
By order.
WM. SMITH. Chairman.
To General Woodhull, and the other
Delegates of Suffolk county, in
Provincial Congress.
[A letter from John Bard at Hyde-Park, on making salt.]
Hyde Park, April 1, 1776.
Sir — I have observed in Mr. Gaine's paper of this week,
a publication from the Provincial Congress, ordering pre-
miums for the manufacturing common salt, and recom-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
183
mending the making public any treatise which directs the
process of making it to advantage. With this view I have
sent you a written extract I made, from one of the most
useful and ingenious works on this subject, wrote by Doc-
tor Brownriggs. I met with it about fourteen years ago,
in the hands of Lewis Evans, who acquainted me at that
time, he believed it was the only book of the kind in Ame-
rica, and indeed I have never seen any other. This indu-
ced me to transcribe what was most essential, and which
related chiefly to the process of making this article with-
out the expense of iron pans or fuel, and only by the ope-
ration of the sun and wind. He treats the subject at large
as a chemist and philosopher, as well as one perfectly ac-
quainted with the practice of making salt in its greatest
purity ; and further shews how much the preference which
is given to the Dutch herrings and Irish beef is owing to
the quality of the salt used in their cure.
I remember, too, that he thinks the coast of New- Jersey,
particularly that part adjucent to Shrewsbury, has all the
natural advantages for making salt, as the coast of Brittany
in France. As a member of the Congress, I have taken
the liberty of sending it to you, and should be happy if it
may contribute to their useful design, and the public good.
If it is thought proper to publish this extract, would it not
be advisable to explain the algebraical calculations by words
intelligible to those readers who are unacquainted with
those characters.
I am sir, your most obedient humble servt.
JOHN BARD.
[A letter from Cs. Smith, to Capt. Vandeput, of his Majesty's ship
Asia.]
Bridewell, Monday, Jlpril \st, 1776.
Sir — I take the opportunity of doing myself the honour
of acquainting you with my disagreeable situation, having
been close prisoner ever since I have beenjin York. I must
do the New-England people justice under whose care I
have been, that they behaved extremely well. Since their
departure, the Yorkers took possession of the barracks,
kept me much closer confined, and on Saturday afternoon
give me three days allowance that was due of pork and
bread only, and conducted me safe in Bridewell since. I
understand my allowance is to be five pence sterling per
day. Bridewell allowance. I am beholden to the goodness
of the jailer for my bed and blanket, or else I believe I
might perish. I shall not, sir, trouble you with a detail of
all my misfortunes, as they are in no wise pleasant, but
take the liberty to subscribe myself,
Your obedt. humb. servt.
CS. SMITH.
P. S. King Sears, on my first arrival, called me rascal,
and pushed me on to jail with his sword. As to the sailors,
I am sorry to inform you are gone to Philadelphia, to go
on board the privateers.
Albany Committee Chamber, )
^pril nth, 1776. 5
When we received your letter, we made the necessary
inquiry, and find the enumerated articles extremely scarce
and not to be had, at the prices you have set. However,
we can inform you that Messrs. M'Henry, M'Clallen and
Henry, merchants in this city, have imported from Canada
this winter, a sufficient quantity of woolen cloth, blue,
gray and brown, to clothe two regiments ; and also a good
many bales of brown Russia and Scotch sheeting, and
oznaburgs. They have also a sufficient number of blankets
from 2 J points to 4 do. If the whole is taken, they pro-
mise to sell them at a reasonable advance.
We would therefore advise you (as the prices of the
above articles will exceed what you mentioned in your let-
ter) to send up or authorize some person to agree with
them.
With respect to the guns you mention, we can inform
you that the General has had out people to purchase all
that could be found. The stockings are not to be had
here ; would therefore advise you to send into Connecticut
for them.
We are, sir, your humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
P. S. We want nothing of the articles mentioned but
the Russia sheeting and blankets. The last article is
limited by the Continental Congress to 16 pieces. Query,
whether the Province will pay what they cost more.
Fairfield 12th April, 1776.
Sir — On the 23d ult. I was informed by a private hand
that your Body had resolved on my release, and on the
illegality of my imprisonment. Whether their proceedings
have, or have not arrived here, it is to me unknown.
Though Mr. Burr used to call on me often at first, and
though I cannot help mentioning his civility when Mrs.
Gale was here, yet he seems much altered of late. He
has not called on me since the 12th of March, notwith-
standing he has been in the house every day. Whether
this alteration be owing to false tale-bearers here, or to
some ill disposed person in New-York, or to what other
cause, I know not. It has been hinted to me that he may
perhaps think me not sufficiently humble for a close pri-
soner. I must acknowledge that an illegal detention, even
within the walls of a loathsome prison, though in a strange
country, without friends, and with but very little money,
has not, nor cannot lead me to degrade the dignity of a
freeman ; neither can I (notwithstanding the hint), ever
believe that Mr. Burr could expect it.
I had an opportunity of sending to you by another pri-
vate hand in a few hours after the departure of the former,
by whom I informed you of my then remaining in this
loathsome den, where I still continue. As also of my
labouring under a fit of illness, which has since much in-
creased, and still exists ; though I have found myself much
better these last three or four days than for some time be-
fore.
In this intolerable place, the wind when cold, fairly chills
every vein in my body. The smoke, when there is fire,
not only blinds but nearly suffocates me ; and the continual
smell of the room has, I fear, tended to rot my very vitals.
In the morning I have perpetually a sickness at the stomach,
about noon comes on a fever, which in about three hours
is succeeded by an ague, sometimes more, and sometimes
less violent. Every one of these intolerable tortures were
so inexpressibly increased by the excessive weather of
Saturday the 30th ult. that they introduced thoughts, and
extorted expressions, too wild to mention in cooler mo-
ments.
I have applied to two different attorneys for a habeas
corpus, that the nature of my detention might be inquired
into. But, to my entire astonishment, they informed me
that writ never issued in this government, nor was there
any law of the Colony that could administer any relief.
What then in the name of Heaven is to be done ?
I am strangely mistaken if it has not, even heretofore,
been looked upon as the essential rights of a free people,
that every individual should enjoy unmolested the liberty
of doing and saying whatever was not prohibited by some
law or rule prescribed. I also conceive that the greatest
severity which reasonable creatures could with any degree
of colour inflict on any offender, was the penalties which
they had previously affixed to his crime. I recollect no
rule, nor (though I have inquired as well of Mr. Burr who
detains me, as of others,) can I find any, published by any
man or body of men, that I have ever broken. Nay, the
whole that is, or can be laid to my charge, appears by one
of the addresses of the Congress in 1774, to have been at
that time an undoubted right inherent in every freeman.
184
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
And it will doubtless be granted that there must be a law,
before there can be any transgression.
Yet behold ! a free born Briton ! who has ever main-
tained a good reputation among all ranks and conditions of
men, within the circle of his knowledge, seized in his own
house, without knowing by whom, or by whose authority !
dragged away by a military force, from the bosom of his
family, and from the city of his abode, without ever seeing
or knowing his accuser and without being examined, or
admitted to make any defence — carried a stranger to a
strange land, from whose inhabitants he can expect no kind
of friendship, and whose laws afford him neither hearing
nor relief ! There (like a felon of the degree of a shoe-
black,) locked up in a loathsome prison, of less than five
yards square ; afflicted with cold, with smoke, and with
unwholesome smells, in addition to a sickness under which
he labours. In this situation remaining, capable only to
enumerate the days and months of his oppression, and so
(in all appearance) likely to remain, till death shall thus
complete its slow approaches, inch by inch.
Let Heaven and earth bear witness, while the generous
man, and the brave, of what nation or language, rank or
condition, denomination, or party soever, shall lay his hand
upon his soul and answer — are not these things intolerable?
Especially let him answer — after finding them to be directly
contrary to all public laws, resolves and orders, both an-
cient and modern ; and still continued, notwithstanding his
release, and the illegality of his being taken, has been long
since determined on, by a resolve of that body which holds
the supreme rule of the Province to which he belongs, and
from whence he was forcibly taken.
What in the world can these persecutions mean ? or
what can they be intended to produce ? an alteration of
faith ? I shall ever hold myself open to conviction, and
■when I am convinced of any error, I shall frankly acknow-
ledge it. But if this be a specimen of modem freedom,
you would doubtless consider me a hypocrite of the first
magnitude, should I tell you that I preferred it before the
ancient system. Is it meant to secure the safety or ex-
change of prisoners ? Such notions must have been found-
ed in error and mistake, nor could they ever be produced
but by a round about application through the channel of
the civil officers ; for, neither of His Majesty's States,
military or maritime, know any thing of my even being in
existence ; at least, if they do, it is totally without my
knowledge or application.
Or is it (as appears to me most likely) that some of my
persecutors want to dip their hands in the blood of a mar-
tyr ? If so — it would in my opinion be far less criminal
both in the sight of God and man, for them to let it flow in
decent streams, than thus (with dastardly meanness) to
drag it from me drop by drop.
Though I conceive it a duty incumbent on every man to
use his endeavours for the preservation of his life ; yet (I
believe you knew it before these unhappy times came on,
if not, Mr. Kelly or Mr. Wells can tell you), I never view-
ed death through so horrible a medium as some men do,
I have lately learned to consider it as a matter of relief,
rather than as a punishment. To leave the wife of my
bosom a disconsolate widow, and the babes of my loins
without a helper, is doubtless an unhappy reflection ! But
I am of opinion that a single stroke, however violent,
would in the end be less grief to those I leave behind me,
than a continuation of that suspense and anxiety of mind
with which they are now totally overwhelmed. However,
as a duty which I owe to my Maker, I am led again to
demand my life, liberty and safety, at the hands of those
who hold the governing reins of the Province of New-
York, to which I belong. Before whom I shall take it a
farther favour in you to lay this letter immediately on its
coming to your hands.
Should any imprudent or offensive expression be con-
tained in this or either of my other letters, I doubt not but
your knowledge of my former treatment, will lead your
candour to consider them, not as any intentional offence,
but as a matter flowing from that fountain of unmerited
oppression, whose streams have continually washed over
me without intermission for more than a twelve month past.
On this consideration, I would beg the liberty of going one
step farther ; and mentioning, that though I ever heartily
wished for a more permanent and happy political arrange-
ment between my native land and this, than has hitherto
subsisted ; yet, early in the unhappy contest, I (as well as
thousands besides,) conceived an important danger, that
a new raised military would in time wrest the sceptre from
the hands of those who were intended to control them, and
rule the inhabitants of the land solely by the force of arms,
without their approbation or direction in the least ; thereby
depriving the reputable citizen, and the industrious hus-
bandman, (that had at that time fallen within the compass
of any of their displeasure,) of the benefit of every law
from whence any relief might come. Methinks I now
view that dreadful morn already dawned ! Let it not be
said that I see clearly.
The sensible and the generous whose sentiments are un-
contracled, of whatsoever party or denomination they may
be, will cease to wonder, that persons who were heavily
laden with this conception, should hold opinions something
different from those, who (though they would all equally
detest so direful a production,) consider its pregnancy as a
mere visionary fable that existed not.
Whether this was a natural or a false conception ;
whether it has or has not arrived beyond the state of em-
bryo, and acquired the motions of a living foetus, every man
must judge for himself. Let it never be said that it has
arrived at a perfect birth.
Fatal experience has given me but too much reason to
suppose its being already born ! Nor can anything short of
an immediate release, convince me to the contrary. If I
am wrong, I should be heartily glad to be convinced of my
error, and (as I said before) I shall then frankly acknowl-
edge it. Should this be the case, I would beg the favour
of you, to despatch a person hither on purpose, for I can not
place much faith in receiving anything by the post, being
fully of opinion that you have not been so long silent. I
should also be glad he would bring a spare horse with him,
as horses are not easily to be hired here.
I can not conclude without saying that however errone-
ous my opinions, or however imprudent my revealing them
may have been, few if any have ever held more sincere
wishes for the real welfare of this, and every other part of
his Majesty's dominions than myself.
I must repeat my thanks to you for the trouble you have
taken, and should a continuance of this unhappy season
lead you or any of your acquaintances into a disagreeable
situation, you or they, may rely on receiving every relief
that can flow through any channel, by means of the appli-
cation of,
Sir, vour most obedt, servt.
S. GALE.
John McKesson, Esqr.
[A letter from Capt. John Hulbert, that Capt. Cooper is an honest
man.]
NeiD-York, April lOth, 1776.
Sir — As Capt. Cooper, the bearer, is waiting in order to
get a permit to take on board a load of provisions, and the
Committee of Safety not yet making a House, he requests
of me to inform you of his character. The gentleman be-
longs to Southampton and has to my knowledge been em-
ployed in the public service, to carry provisions from this
to the eastward for our army, and while I acted as a com-
mitteeman for the town of Southampton, he always ap-
peared to act for the public good, and I give it as mv pri-
vate opinion, he will act with prudence and caution if he
should be permitted by your house to take on board pro-
visions for the distressed inhabitants at Dartmouth, or the
eastern ports, &c. If you can any ways assist him in
getting a permit, I should take it a peculiar favour although
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
it is no concern of mine, only to oblige, as far as I can in i
my small sphere, every honest man to serve himself and
country, &c.
I am sir, your humb. servt.
JOHN HULBERT.
To Mr. McKesson.
[Letter from Jack Thompson at St. Eustatia.]
St. Eustatia, 13th Jpril, 1776.
Sir — I Virrote you the 9th instant, via Maryland, to the
care of Mr. Clem. Biddle, merchant in Philadelphia, in
whose hands I begged you long since to keep letters for
me, as he would have more frequent opportunities to for-
ward them than you from New-York, they having four
pilot boats in this trade, and they outsail every ship they
meet with. The sloop Wharton, and Capt. Porter,
are out from this nine weeks ; no account of them. David
Morris and two others, who sailed three weeks after them,
are safe arrived in Philadelphia. Am very uneasy about
Mount, and still I am very certain he was not taken in the
West Indies. We have daily advices from most of the
islands ; but in case she is arrived, and not in your power
to send her out again in safety, which I should be very
sorry for ; in that case you and T. G. must be mindful of
the remittance, and believe it would be as easy to make
from Philadelphia, if not more so. than from New-Yoik.
The merchants there have large sums owing them at St.
Kilts and Antigua, and the factors want to remit, and T.
and A. no doubt would think hard of a disappointment, par-
ticularly at this time, when they have fathered so many
American vessels, and they all want cash. I apprehend
you will have a warm summer, as all the troops have quit-
ted Boston for New- York, and the preparation you are ma-
king, I hope, will enable you to give them a warm recep-
tion. I am astonished the merchants at New- York, Phi-
ladelphia, and other places on the Continent do not fit out
privateers as last war, with commissions from Congress to
lake all vessels coming from or going to Europe, from any
part of the world whatever, as English bottoms ; the Ad-
miral has given two commissions at Antigua and one at
Dominica, to vessels fitted out by the merchants and plan-
ters, to take all American vessels they can meet with ; and
I must say I do wish the Americans would return the com-
pliment. If tAvo or more privateers did once appear in the
West Indies, all kinds of produce, particularly sugar and
rum, would fall 25 per cent. Since we had advice of the
fleet sailing from Philadelphia, the shippers to Europe
oSer~t^ per cent premium against American privateers
only, and many of the merchants that have wrote for insu-
rances expect to be disappointed. By a vessel from Ma-
deira, we are advised that three outward bound Indiamen
were laying there waiting for convoy, with large quantities
of wine on board, and I am very well convinced if a few
privateers were sent into these seas, it would prevent any
sugars being shipped this season, they are so damnably
frightened since these few vessels sailed from Philadel-
phia. Twenty-nine sail transports, under convoy, passed
here last Saturday from Antigua, with troops and stores
for the army that was at Boston. Rum is very plenty in
every island, ISd. and 20d. per gallon ; the transports
have taken in a large quantity at St. Kitts and Antigua,
which kept the price at 2s. 6d, Lumber is £40 per M.
and in making sugar hogsheads every second stave is made
out of boards brought from Egg Harbour, and they will
not have hogsheads for rum nor molasses ; and the Con-
gress would do right to forbid any lumber being shipped
from any part of the Continent ; and a few privateers to
pick up the Irish vessels with beef and pork, would be the
plan, and 20 or 30 sugar ships convoyed in safe to any
part of America, would be glorious prizes, and then to sell
the cargoes on reasonable terms, would enable the Con-
gress to carry on a war for seven years. If these vessels
[Vol. n.] 47
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 185
I were constantly kept cruising, I am very well convinced
every English island in the West Indies would be ruined in
three years ; and you may be assured if some such plan is
not adopted by the Congress, America is ruined. The army
at Boston is constantly supplied with bread, flour, wine
rum, molasses, gin, beef and pork, from the West India
islands, and that will continue to be the case let the army
go where they will, unless they receive a check from the
privateers. The great Mr. Burke, who was taken last
winter going into Boston with a cargo of rum and sugar, is
returned to Antigua, and is now fitting and loading three
vessels for same purpose. I am exceedingly sorry he
made his escape, or was suffered to leave the Continent, as
he is concerned in the two privateers that are fitted out
there. No beef nor pork at market ; butter £12 per fir-
kin, tobacco £5 per cwt. rice 40s. corn 16s. pease none,
flour £12 per barrel and plenty, hams 18d per lb. cheese
18c?. sheep and poultry any price you may please to ask.
My compliments to friend Helen and family. Captain
Rutgers and others.
I am,
JACK THOMPSON.
[A letter from Thomas Grenell, at Norwalk.]
Norwalk, April loth, 1776.
Dear Sir — Your last favour of the 1 1th, I have received,
and am sorry for the miscarriage of the other. My broth-
er's declining has fixed me as to going, as I had no thought
of going under the command of any one else, especially
for the present. I am sorry it has so happened, for I
should have been very happy to have been in a company
with you and Mr. Reed. I have no particular objections
of my own, but my father is not very willing that I should
go, and I choose that he should be fully satisfied with it.
I join with you in opinion about Major Beauman, who I
think is a deserving man. I something expect to be in
town in about ten days, when I hope for the pleasure of
seeing you before you go from thence, for I suppose you
will not be stationed in town, but if it should so fall out as
that I should not be there, you and Mr. Reed will please
to accept of my sincerest and warmest wishes for your
prosperity and welfare, my best regards to him and be-
lieve me to be.
Dear sir,
Your most obedt. and very humble servant,
THO. GRENELL, Jr.
P. <S. Mr. Griffith is much obliged to you for your
compliments, and begs you to accept of his in return.
Please to acquaint uncle's family of our being all well and
desiring to be remembered to them all.
Lieut. Fleming.
[A letter from Thomas Vernon, stating that he has been a prisoner
five weeks, and wants support.]
New-York, April 15<A, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have been confined in a prison five
weeks, without any support from you, which I hope you
will consider, and allow me something to support myself
and family, or else I, and my family will perish for want
of necessaries, not being able to support mysell any longer,
which I hope you will have some consideration, and let
me have a hearing : as you keep me confined so long, you
must imagine I have been guilty of something against my
country, which I am far from being an enemy to. Gen-
tlemen, if I have done any thing that deserves confine-
ment, I wish you would let me have a room that is more
comfortable than being in a cold, damp cellar which has
destroyed health entirely.
You will much oblige your humble servt.
THOS. VERNON.
186
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
[A letter from Wm. Bedlow, at Fort Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, April 30th, 1776.
Dear Sir— Yours of the 24th and 26th instant, I have re-
ceived with the two padlocks. We note your answer from
the Committee of Safety respecting the proposed barracks
near the Battery on Buns hill, and readily obey that and
every other direction from that honourable board ; but we
should be wanting in the duty of our office not to mention,
that as the battery ordered by the Continental Congress of
18 pieces of heavy cannon to be erected on said hill, will
be the most respectable at this post, the barracks now here
will be at too great a distance for relief, in case of an at-
tempt to surprise it by night. This the engineer, who we
are informed is the chief in the Continental service, and
came here with Major General Thompson to view this post
on their way to Canada joined us in, and also, that it was
absolutely necessary that a block house, or small redoubt
should be erected on the high rock between the gravel hill
and the other works to the westward, in order to keep open
the communication between both, and cover the gravel hill.
A block house we judged would be expensive, so arc about
a redoubt of four cannon to be built of those large pieces
of timber, which had been ordered by Romain and which
we have no other use for at present, filled in with earth.
This eminence on the rock, Engineer Smith, and every
gentleman of the Continental Congress, and officers of the
army, who have come here, have always pointed out to us
to be fortified. Four guns here, with 14 on the gravel hill,
will make out the 18 ordered by Continental Congress.
The necessity of having the battery on gravel hill as well
taken care of in winter as summer, arises from our being
surrounded by a number of dissatisfied people who might,
in one hour at night destroy it. We are obliged to you for
the information respecting our accounts, and flatter our-
selves, that the Committee of Safety have that confidence
in us to think, that we shall be extremely careful in not
putting the public to any unnecessary expense. We beg
you will get the check book with the bag it was in, and
send us, as we kept no copy of it. Brewer, the carpenter,
Col. McDougall's negro, Colrain's time, with others that
were and are here employed, we want, in order to settle
their accounts. From the Continental Congress resolves
of February 15th, sent us by the Provincial Congress we
are to erect a work on the east side of the river opposite
the West Point, to mount thirty cannon. Will not a bar-
rack be wanting there, as we have many very good six and
four pounders here ? should be glad to know from the Com-
mittee of Safety, if we may make carriages for them as
they will be wanted ; doubtless we shall not get heavy
cannon for all the works. We have forgotten to mention
that we are satisfied respecting Mr. McCarty's account for
the boards by McKay, and beg you will settle it with him,
or his order. It is not our fault it was not paid long ago ; we
wrote him last fall about it, but never received any answer.
We are, dear sir, with regard.
Your humb. servts.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
John Beekian, Esq.
Extract of a letter from Mr. Melchior to Nicholas Hoff-
man.
Saturday afternoon, in a skirmish between Captain
Doudle, with a party of riflemen against a party of Minis-
terial troops, consisting of twenty-six men and two officers,
killed three, wounded four, took two prisoners, brought off
three muskets with accoutrements ; with the loss of one
rifleman taken prisoner. Same evening, a Ministerial offi-
cer of distinction was wounded. Monday morning, can-
nonade from Boston upon Roxbury, same day they burnt
the George tavern in Roxbury, but were soon drove back
to their lines : no loss on our side. Monday, early, a party
of our troops under command of Major Tupper, went to
the light house, landed at day break, surrounded the guards
stationed there commanded by Lieut. Coldthrust of the
marines, after exchanging a few shots they surrendered.
Our people wounded four, among the latter is one While,
a Marshfield tory, mortally, took twenty-six marines and
thirteen tories prisoners ; Jona Thompson of New-York,
one of them. Our people burnt the schooner that brought
the carpenters from Boston, and a sloop belonging to
Marshfield. The marines are all glad they are got amongst
us, but lament the loss of their lieutenant : he was shot
calling for quarters in the noise, not being heard. Informed
by a deserter from via Roxbury of the 4th regiment, that
at least two-thirds of the light infantry and grenadiers of
that regiment were killed the 15th June, all the rest were
rendered unfit for service ; that Capt. Payne of the Royal
Irish, was found guilty by a court martial on Thursday
last, of embezzling the King's stores, and oashiered. Last
account of the killed and mortally wounded at Bunker Hill
battle is 1000. An Indian Chief from Canada had an inter-
view jmd dined with Genl. Washington. He is sensible and
has a just idea of the conflict ; he observed that we tilled
our plantations, and they had no right to its produce without
our consent. On application from Genl. Carlton, who
wanted to engage him against us, he inquired the reason,
who informed him we were rebels, but few in numbers.
Why then do you apply to us for assistance, was his an-
swer,
[A letter with Genl. McDougall's orders to Mr. Roorback.]
Friday, 1 P. M.
Sir — I have it in charge from my Lord Stirling to direct
you to provide quarters without delay, for the following
troops, expected soon to arrive in this city ; and that the
troops of the respective corps be placed as near each other
as possible. You are, therefore, to execute this order.
For 6 companies of Pensylvania regulars ; for 8 com-
panies of Jersey regulars ; for 100 Jersey militia, and for
400 New-York militia.
ALEX. McDOUGALL.
To ]VIr. ROOEBACK.
Esopus, Jpril 28th, 1776.
Gentlemen — As I looked on the discharge you was so
kind to send to the committee here, sufficient to enable
me to seek my living on any part of the Continent, but
find to the contrary, as they have insisted on my proceed-
ing to N. York. I most willingly complied with your
orders, as such flatter myself I shall be so happy to receive
by the bearer a discharge, as I am still a prisoner only
with the liberty of the town.
I am, gentlemen, with respect.
Your very hum. servt.
JOHN BLACKLER.
To the gentlemen of the Provincial Congress, New- York.
[A letter from Capt. Cornelius Steenrod, asking for more time for
pari of his company.]
Cortland Manor, 30th April, 1776.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress for the Colony
of New- York.
Whereas, I have received a permission to enlist a com-
pany for the service of this Colony, and to be ready with
my company by the 11th of May next. I desire to know
whether I am expected to march from home that day or to
be at York that day, and hkewise where my men are to be
viewed, as I want to go by water from Horseneck ; and as
some of my men are not able well to fix with clothing so
soon, whether I may come with about 50 men, and leave
an officer to bring the others afterwards. Your answer will
much oblige,
Your honours' humble servt.
CORNELIUS STEENROD.
To tee honourable Chairman of the
Provincial Congress of New- York
or Committee of Safety.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
187
[A letter from Capt. John Belknap, asking for one month's pay in ad-
vance, and stating nine of his men have deserted.]
Fort Montgomery ^pril 2Ut. 1776.
Gentlemen — By the bearer hereof. Ensign Hunter, I
send you the muster roll of my company, taken by Col.
Thomas Palmer agreeable to your orders. The muster
roll will show nine men short of my number, which I have
actually enlisted, but are since deserted and strolling out
of the way. I expect soon to collect them, when I shall
make out my return to you completed. My billeting bill
also comes per bearer, you will please to furnish the bear-
er with every necessary for my company allowed by the
warrant, except blankets, which I have procured. The
balance of the billeting money I shall expect, and one
months pay for my men, I shall be glad to receive, as
many of them have families who are under such necessary
circumstances that obliges me to advance to them from
time to time.
I remain, gentlemen, with esteem,
Your most obliged and humble servt.
JOHN BELKNAP, Capt.
To the President of the Committee
of Safety now convened in New-
York.
[ Abm. Livingston's letter relative to supplying the troops with provi-
visions]
New-York, mh .April, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am'under the necessity of applying to
you for the performance on your part of the contract be-
tween us. I have in consequence of that contract fur-
nished myself with considerable supplies for the troops,
and as I do not furnish near enough to bear the expenses,
I am now to inform you that I shall look to you for the
damages I have and may sustain from the non-compliance
of your agreement with me.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most humble servant,
AB. LIVINGSTON.
Messrs. Isaac Roosevelt, Nathaniel
WooDHnLL, AuEAHAM Yates Jun.,
MoREis Graham, Wm. Paulding.
[Letter from Abm. Livingston, complaining of grievances relative to
his contract.]
New-York, 19th Jpril, 1776.
Sirs — The contract 1 made with the gentlemen in be-
half of the Provincial Congress of this Colony, pursuant to
a resolution of the Continental Congress, not having been
complied with on their part, I beg leave to lay before the
Committee of Safety the following state of facts :
First. That the day after the contract between us was
signed, Mr. Carpenter Wharton came to this town as com-
missary to the Pennsylvania battahons then expected here,
which so suddenly increased the price of provisions, that I
was under the absolute necessity, pursuant to our agree-
ment, to furnish myself with a very considerable quantity
thereof, and at high prices, and farther to contract to a very
considerable amount, which would not have been the case
had I, as was universally expected, had the market in my
own hands.
Secondly. That I am at an immense expense for com-
missaries at the Highlands, boat hire, the heavy expenses
of domestics, and the providing for the cattle now in and
near the town, which expenses amount to near as much as
it would to furnish the whole army now in and about tlie
suburbs of this city.
Thirdly. That since the minute men have been dis-
banded, I have not furnished altogether a single full regi-
ment, although I was to have supplied 5000 men, or more.
Fourthly. That I cannot expect any troops will be sup-
plied by me, if they get greater allowances from the Com-
missary-General, whose arrival here has also thrown me
into new difficulties.
Fifthly. That paying me the profit I expected to have
when I contracted, will not by any means compensate,
without the provisions I have on hand and have contracted
for are taken from me at the first costs and charges.
Sixthly. That although the cost of victualling the troops
does not exceed, but is under the sum that I received from
the Congress, yet if I had, according to agreement, fur-
nished 5000 men, a considerable sum would have been due
to me, which would have relieved me from many difficul-
ties with the people with whom I have contracted ; but the
want of money is a small part of the difficulties I labour
under by reason of the contract ; they would be better ex-
plained by ocular demonstration than I possibly can do on
paper. I shall only add farther, that above a month of the
time I agreed to supply the troops has elapsed, and several
and material matters more than I have already mentioned,
have been omitted by Congress for fulfilling on their part
the contract between us.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most humble servant,
AB. LIVINGSTON.
To the General Committee of the
Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Thomas Palmer stating his want of money.]
Fort Montgomery, jlpril 27, 1776.
Gentlem n — After sundry applications to Captain Ber-
rien for cash, by a letter from him this day, he informs us,
that it must now be obtained by a draft on the Provincial
Congress ; and at the same time informs us that there is
no money in the treasury.
A state of what business we have done, and the neces-
sary expense we have gone into, will naturally shew the
necessity we are in for cash. We have erected one large
store house, forty feet by thirty-four ; one barrack, eighty
feet by twenty, two stories high, with a cellar under the
half of it ; a bake house, sixteen feet by fourteen ; a guard
house, twenty feet by fourteen ; a large necessary for sol-
diers ; all of which are now completely finished. A bar-
rack for officers, commissary, &c, forty feet by twenty, to
be raised this day. A magazine twelve by eighteen feet,
walls eight feet thick, so far complete as turning the arch
on the top will finish it. We have besides this, timber for
another large barrack, eighty by twenty feet, which will be
the last we intend building. Besides this, we have the tim-
ber and plank for the platforms of the battery. We have
been obliged to send lo Albany for two load of boards and
plank, and the boatmen's wages for vessels to quarter the
soldiers in, besides all the lime and nails which we have
had engaged in the country has been a necessary article :
all which has amounted to a considerable sum, and we are
daily dunned for cash, and have it not in our power to
satisfy those demands on us without your assistance. We
have, however, already advanced one hundred pounds of
our own cash to such persons as have been most in ne-
cessity.
From the above state of facts, you will easily conceive
that we must soon have a supply of cash, as not only ihe
necessary materials for the buildings, but many workmen
want their pay ; we therefore desire you will furnish us
with one thousand pounds in cash, and please to pay it to
the bearer hereof, Capt. John Berrien, and charge it to us for
the use of the Continent at this post.
The battery goes on pretty well, considering the assis-
tance we have had. We have one line for mounting can-
non complete, except the platform, which in a day or two
will be finished ; another line, calculated to mount seven
cannon, the parapet complete, and the merlons above half
up ; but we seldom make out more than between eighty
and ninety labourers per day, although we have part of five
companies here, four Continental and one minute company;
but two of them only are full, and that is Captain Belknap's
188
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
and Captain Billings'; Captain Swartvvoul's has now about
twenty-two, and Captain Rosekrans' forty men. Captain
Drake's minute company is reduced from fifty-seven to
thirty-three men, by means of his men enlisting into the
Continental companies. Numbers of the men are sick,
deserted, and gone home on parole, which reduces the la-
bourers to the above number ; and those that do turn out
as labourers, for want of proper officers to command them,
do but little, they conceiving themselves by no means un-
der the command of the commissioners. The little time
we had Captain Cusliing here to command, the men labour-
ed well. Captain Billings with his company is ordered to
join his regiment, and sets out on Monday next ; when he
is gone we sliall have but a small party for labourers. I
am of opinion that in case we could have to turn out every
day one hundred men, and these men under such command
as to work faithfully eight hours in a day, that we could
complete the whole work to be done here in about six or
seven weeks at farthest from this date — that is, by that
lime the batteries would be completed to mount thirty-five
or forty cannon, and the buildings will be complete in less
time. But cash we must have, and beg you will furnish
Captain Berrien with it as soon as possible.
I am, gentlemen, with due respect.
Your most humble servant,
THOS. PALMER,
For self and Gilbert Livingston, who
is now in the country on necessary
business for the use of the garri-
son.
To the General Committee of the Colony of
New-York.
[Letter from Thomas Palmer, at Fort Montgomery, to Frederick
Rhinelander, merchant, New- York.]
Fort Montgomery , 28th April, 1776.
Sir — The enclosed map I sent down two months ago,
and about ten days ago it was found in the boatman's house,
not sent. I now send it per bearer, Mr. Anning Smith,
who promises to deliver it with his own hands. The pro-
per use you know ; it being the original partition map.
Being in haste, 1 say no more at present, and am, sir.
Your most humble servant,
THOS. PALMER.
[A letter from the Committee of Richmond county.]
Richmond County, 16th April, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your favour of 12th inst. came safe to
hand, the contents of which we have duly considered.
Rest assured, gentlemen, that nothing on our part shall be
neglected, in quartering the troops under the command of
Lord Stirling, so far as circumstance and ability will admit
of, and we shall endeavour to procure room for them, pro
vided the distance is not limited. We shall exert our in-
fluence with the inhabitants to give them all possible as-
sistance.
We should have been very happy had it been our lot
to have had Major Dehart, with the troops under his com-
mand, continued amongst us, whose conduct has gained
our greatest esteem.
We have before experienced the severity of persons in
power, and fond of exerting it, and on slight information
have taken upon them to carry inhabitants out of this coun-
ty into another government for trial, which we wish might
be prevented. Mr. Derby Doyl was last week apprehend-
ed and sent to New-York, we know not by what authority.
Although he may be an offender and deserving of punish-
ment, yet we cannot approve of such conduct in taking
him out of the county.
We have reason to believe that something has been al-
leged against this committee and their proceedingo ; if ao,
we are ready to be examined.
We are, gentlemen, with respect.
Your most obedient hum. servt.
By order of the committee,
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON,
Chairman.
To the Chairman and Members of the
Committee of Safety in New-York.
[A letter from E. Benson, Esqr. Chairman, &c. relative to companies
enlisted in Dutchess county.]
Dutchess County Committee, ?
April nth 1776. 5
Sir — Agreeable to your requisition, we now return you
a statement of the four companies of Continental forces
raising in this county for the defence of the Colony.
Capt. Rosekrans is already with his company stationed
at the fortifications in the Highlands. As we had no op-
portunity of seeing Capt. Rosekrans, we could not procure
an exact return ; but from information, the company must
be almost, if not entirely, complete.
Capt. Swartwout has sent off his men from time to time
as they enlisted, to the Highlands ; and having his officers
recruiting in different parts of the county, it was impossi-
ble, upon so short notice, to furnish us with a proper return,
though made no doubt but that by this time he must have
upwards of fifty men. *
Capt. Child (who succeeds Capt. Barker, the latter hav-
ing resigned,) received a warrant from the Committee of
Safety only last week, and we find by the tenor of it he is
indulged with three weeks to make his return ; however,
from the activity of this gentleman, and being generally
well liked, we imagine he will speedily raise a company.
Capt. Pearce, before this comes to hand, will have wait-
ed on the Committee of Safety, to make his return and re-
ceive their directions in person.
We remain most respectfully.
Your very humble servts.
By order of the committee,
EGBT. BENSON, C/t'/i.
To William Paulding, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety, New- York.
[A letter from Lord Stirling, covering Craig's examination relative to
Thomas Vernon, a prisoner.]
New-York, April I8th, 1776.
Sir — Thomas Vernon was some time since made pri-
soner on the evidence of one Craig ; a copy of which I
now enclose you, and I think was then examined by the
Committee of Safety. The General desires me to trans-
mit to you the enclosed letter from Vernon, and request
that the Committee would make such further inquiry into
the matter as will enable them to determine whether it be
worth while to keep him any longer prisoner, or not.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
STIRLING.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
of New-York.
[Craig's examination, discovering his and Vernom's intercourse and en-
gagements to Governor Try on, &c.]
March 12, 1776.
Craig, lately a soldier in the first regiment of Yorkers,
declares that he was employed by one Vernom, a hat-
ter, of this city, to rig out a sloop, the said Vernom had
lately purchased by order of Governor Tryon, to be em-
ployed by the Governor as a tender or cutter, and occa-
sionally to cruise in the North and East rivers : that the
said Vernom was to be supplied by the said Governor with
swivels for the said sloop ; that the said Craig went on
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
189
board with the said Vernom of the Duchess of Gordon,
and there conversed with the Governor and the Attorney-
Generals Kemper and Skinner, who urged him to be active
in procuring as many men as possible, not only for the said
sloop, but for the Asia, and other men of war soon ex-
pected here ; that above 50 or 60 soldiers now in town in
the Continental service were engaged by the said Vernom
for the service of the Ministry.
New Jail, April 17, 1776.
Honoured Sir :
I hope you will take pity on a poor prisoner that has
been confined upwards of five weeks without being allowed
any subsistence at all, which, if I am not released or
allowed some necessaries, I shall perish for want, having
a family in the same condition ; honoured sir, I hope will
consider the condition I am in and release me, as I have
done nothing as I know of that is against my country. If
you will be kind enough as to let me have a hearing, or
allow me something to live on, I shall be in duty bound to
pray for you and yours.
From your very humble servant.
THOS. VERNOM.
[A letter from Richard Norwood, stating that he had received and
valued the arms taken by Col. Waterbury from the disaffected in West-
chester county.]
April 20th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Pursuant to your order of the 23 of Feb-
ruary, I have received the muskets and other accoutre-
ments from Col. Waterbury, and have had them appraised
by Messrs. Jacamiah and William Allen. The number of
muskets is twenty-three, valued at eighteen pounds seven-
teen shillings ; one pistol, two pair of holsters, eight old
swords, are valued at one pound ten shillings ; and two
pistols are likewise valued at sixteen shillings.
I am, gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servt.
RICHD. NORWOOD.
To the Committee of Safety
of the Colony of New- York.
P. S. Some of the above arms, with a little repair, will
be fit for service. Mr. Norwood would have an order to
repair the above guns and some repairs to the magazine.
[A letter from Jas. W. Payne, oflering to serve in the artillery, ma-
rine or infantry, and requesting an appointment.
New-York, April 19th, 1776.
Gentlemen — As I embarked early in defending the
rights of America by every means in my power, I trust
my conduct in the late campaign against Canada, was
becoming the character of a soldier : am still actuated by
the same principle in preserving the freedom of my coun-
try. I take the liberty to express to you my inclination to
continue in the service. I signified to General Schuyler I
would rather serve in the artillery, as I had made it my
study. While conductor of artillery in the northern depart-
ment, the General gave me a recommendation to the Ho-
norable Provincial Congress ; if the places are made up for
that department I should have no objection to serve, either
to take the command of the marines on board of one of
the ships of war or in a marching regiment; should you
think me worthy your confidence, I hope my future con-
duct will give satisfaction to my country. I flatter myself
I could raise the men in a short time.
I am, with the greatest respect gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servant.
JAMES WM. PAYNE, Lieutenant.
[Letter from Henry Livingston at Fort Montgomery.]
Fort Montgomery, April 22, 1776.
Sir — The bearer hereof, Mr. Marshall, one of the gen-
tlemen recommended by the Dutchess county committee,
[Vol. II.] ' 48
for one of Captain Billings' lieutenants, wants to take a copy
of the muster-roll of that part of Captain Billings' company
that I mustered. I have been obliged to muster part of
Captain Swartwout's company. The roll goes down by
this conveyance. I wish that Colo. Palmer, or the com-
manding officer here, or some particular person, was ap-
pointed to muster the men as they arrive, as I conceive
it irregular for me to do it ; but there seems to be a neces-
sity at present for some one to undertake the business,
even without an order.
Should be glad you would give hira a copy, or let him
take it himself.
I am, sir, your very humble servant,
GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
John McKesson, Esq.
[Rudolph. Ritzema's letter on filling the New- York regiments.]
New-York, the 23d April, 1776.
Gentlemen — General Washington and my Lord Stir-
ling are extremely anxious for the speedy completion of
the New-York regiments, and I am daily called upon to
know the reasons why my regiment is not completed ; in
answer to which, I inform the generals of your orders for
the companies to come down, and that they have been
issued for some time, and of the arrangement that has been
made in it. This does not seem to be satisfactory. I am
therefore ordered to request of you that you will be pleased
to exert yourselves in the fully completing of the third regi-
ment.
Captain Ryker's company not exceeding nineteen men,
and not sure of them in my opinion fit for actual service, I
submit it to your better judgment, whether some company
that is full had not better be substituted in its room, and
also that the eighth company be added.
I am, gentlemen, with respect,
Your very humble servant,
RUD. RITZEMA.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Thos. Vernon, offering the assistance of any thing in his
power for the cause of America.]
April 23, 1776.
Gentlemen — I hope these few lines will move you into
a consideration to consider on the distressed circumstances
of a poor prisoner, who has a sickly wife and a great family ,
having nothing to support them with but by my daily la-
bour, and being bereaved of it will be the occasion of my
family coming on the parish. I have been confined for
thirty days in a dark dungeon, without the least assistance
of provision except from my own family, and but very little
of that. Lord Stirling has been here last Sunday, and has
discharged some of the prisoners, and at the same time said
he would discharge me, but he left it to the disposal of the
Honourable Committee, and did imagine they had given
me a hearing before this. I should be very much obliga-
ted to the gentlemen of the Committee, if they would be so
kind as to give me a hearing this afternoon, that I may
know what is alleged against me, and shall conclude with
the assistance of any thing that possibly lies in my jjower
for the glorious and honourable cause of America.
I remain, gentlemen,
Your most faithful and trusty servant,
THOS. VERNON.
To the Honourable the Committee of Safety of
New- York.
[Capt. Willet's resignation.]
New-York, April 201 h, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed is the warrant from the Honourable Pro-
vincial Congress, directed to mc for the purpose of raising
a company in the service of the United Colonies. As I
am satisfied I have done ray duty with faithfulness and in-
190
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
tegrity, since I have had the honour of serving my country
in a military capacity, I can by no means submit to the in-
dienitv of being superseded.
^ ^ MARINUS WILLET.
To the Chairman of the Hon. Provincial Congress,
or Commiltee of Safety.
[A letter from Samuel Drake, recommending Deliverance Brown, en-
sign, and Mica jail Fuller, lieutenant, in Capt. Steenrod's company.]
Home's Hook, Feb. 20th, 1776.
gm — Be pleased to give the commissions for lieut. Mi-
cajah Fuller and ensign Deliverance Brown, in Capt. Steen-
rod's company, of my regiment, to Capt. Steenrod. Capt.
Gray has joined my regiment with 49 men, including olii-
cers ; he has some more who have not yet arrived. Would
be glad the commissions would be immediately made out
for his company. He will deliver you a certificate from
the committee of Bedford, of the election of himself and
officers.
I am, your most hum. servt.
SAML. DRAKE, Col.
N. B. Capt. Gray and his officers having neglected to
sign the test in the presence of the chairman of Westches-
ter county, have this day signed it in my presence.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[A letter from Saml. Drake to John McKesson, requesting him to make
out commissions for Lieut. Fuller and Ensign Brown, of his regi-
ment.]
Febuary23d, 1776.
Sir — Be pleased to make out the commissions for Lieut.
Micajah Fuller and Ensign Deliverance Brown, in Capt.
Cornelius Stienrod's company of minute men, belonging to
my regiment ; and deliver them to Messsrs. Fuller and
Brown, who will wait upon you with this.
I am, your hum. servt.
SAML. DRAKE.
N. B. The above are the persons for whom you promis-
ed me last Monday to make out commissions.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[Gen. Schuyler's opinion to arrange the army.]
That in officering the new army, a rank roll should be
made of all the officers belonging to this State, whether
they are good, bad or indifferent, according to their stand-
ing and rank in the army. That out of this roll, all such
as the Committee think should not hold any commissions,
be struck out of said roll. That the remainder be promoted
according to their rank and seniority ; that when the list
is completed, that is to say, when 4 colonels, 4 lieutenant-
colonels, 4 majors, 32 captains, 32 first-lieutenants, 32
second-lieutenants and 32 ensigns, are nominated, that then
the commissions, in order to determine their future rank,
should run to A B, first-colonel of the Continental troops
raised in the State of New- York ; C D, second ; and the
like with the lieutenant-colonels, majors, captains, first and
second lieutenants and ensigns. After which they should
be put in regiments in such a manner as will best answer
the service ; however, it may happen that the first and se-
cond captains in the service may be put to the regiment
commanded by the fourth colonel, and that the third cap-
tain in the service may be the eldest captain in the regi-
ment commanded by the first colonel ; but no confusion
will arise, because, upon detachments, the eldest officer
in the army will command.
Albany Committee Chamber,
mh Feby. 1776.
The committee of the township of Schenectady report-
ed this day to the general committee of the city and coun-
ty of Albany, that on the 15th day of January instant, a
letter was laid before them under the signature of Benja-
min Hilton, and directed to Alexander W liite, Esq. sheriff
of the county of Tryon, an extract whereof is in the fol-
lowing words :
Schenectady, 22nd Deer. 1775.
Dear Sir — Lieut. McDonald, who is in town, just now
informed me that Arnold, immediately on his arrival before
Quebec, sent a flag to demand from Colo. McLean an im-
mediate surrender of the town. The messenger was con-
ducted hoodwinked to McLean, who told him he would
give Arnold a final answer in a few hours. In the mean
time Colo. McLean lined the houses of the town past
which Arnold was to pass to take possession of the town.
Colo. McLean at the expiration of the time, sent a messen-
ger to Arnold to inform liiin that he was extremely sorry he
had it not in his power sufficiently to defend the town, there-
fore was willing to surrender it to him without the effu-
sion of blood, and might take possession of it as soon as
he pleased. Arnold himself with the greatest part of the
troops immediately went to take possession of the town,
and after they had entered the gates they were closed, and
the troops that McLean had placed in ambush in the houses,
immediately fired upon them, killed 300, and took the rest
prisoners, among which Arnold is said to be. McLean im-
mediately sallied out of the town, pursued the remainder
of Arnold's men over the plains of Abraham, and killed a
great many of them. A fine stratagem, worthy of im-
mortalizing McLean's name, and handing it down to the
latest posterity in letters of gold. This seems very proba-
ble to me, and Mr. McDonald says it maybe depended upon.
Arnold before his arrival at Quebec, was obliged in order
to keep his men from starving, to kill all the horses and
dogs he had with him, and after all fell short four days in
such fine fare ; however, no better than they deserved. I
should say more but am in haste; you will, therefore, ex-
cuse me, and believe me.
Yours sincrely,
BENIN. HILTON.
That the said committee had thereupon sent for the said
Benjamin Hilton, who avowed himself the author of the
said letter, and declared that he had wrote it to please the
said White, whose sentiments he knew ; that he had wrote
it however, wrong, in expectation that the contents thereof
would never be discovered.
The said committee did further report that the said Benj.
Hilton, on the 14th day of July last, had voluntarily and
without any solicitation, made before Corns. Cuyler, Esqr.
the following affidavit, to wit.
" Benjamin Hilton, junr. Esqr. of this place, attorney at
law, being duly sworn, deposeth and saith, That he has
never entertained or harboured an opinion inimical or un-
friendly to the just constitutional rights and liberties of
America; that he looks upon the claim which the British
Parliament has set up in the present reign by statute, to
bind the Colonies in all cases whatever, as unconstitutional
and subversive of American liberty ; that the measures
taken by administration for the enforcement of the several
statutes passed against America, in general, and some of
the Colonies in particular, in his opinion will justify oppo-
sition ; that he is a friend to his country and the invaded
rights and liberties thereof, (though he beheves by many
without foundation, taken to be an enemy thereto) and
wishes it all the success in this unhappy and unnatual con-
flict that any real friend to the common cause can ; that he
never was really induced or prevailed upon by any person
to resign his lieutenancy ; and farther saith not.
" B. HILTON, Junr.
"Sworn at Schenectady, 14th July,
1775, before me.
" Corns. Cuyler, Justice."
The said committee of Schenectady farther reported
that they had thereupon resolved that the said Benjamin
Hilton, either should cause his said letter, together with
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
191
the said declaration, to be published in the newspapers by
the fifth of February then next ; or that they would publish
the same, together with the above mentioned affidavit ;
which said report the said general committee of the city
and county of Albany, having maturely considered, and
thereupon resolve to approve the same ; but the said Ben-
jamin Hilton, instead of abiding by the determination of
the said committee of Schenectady, on the eighteenth day
of January last, without acquainting this board of the steps
taken by them, by letter addressed to this board, expressed
his sorrow to give this board the trouble of an application
on a very disagreeable subject. That he had on the 22d
day of December last, wrote a letter to Alexander While,
Esqr. relative to the then report that Colo. Arnold with his
forces, was defeated at Quebec, by Colo. McLean, &c.
which report he found to be groundless ; that he had in that
letter also applauded the said McLean, for his conduct, and
wrote disrespectful of Col. Arnold's forces ; for all which
he was extremely sorry ; that he confessed his error, and
desired the forgiveness of his injured countrymen, and pro-
fessed himself a friend to the constitutional liberties of
the Colonies, and promised for the future neither to write
nor do any thing prejudicial to the cause of liberty ; that
he was well convinced that the Parliament ot Great Britain
has no right to tax the Colonies, and conceived the tyran-
nical measures pursued by the Ministry, to enforce such
unconstitutional acts, will justify opposition ; that he did
confess that he had some doubts of the expediency of the
expedition against Canada, which doubts are however now
removed ; that as this board is the general committee of
protection, &c. for the whole county, he therefore begged
their final decisions of this matter, and their resolution
thereupon.
In consequence of which said application and request,
this committee do believe it as their opinion in addition to
the resolution of the committee of Schenectady, that the
said Benjamin Hilton has evinced by the said letter an un-
warrantable exultation in the distress and defeat which he
supposed a part of the Continental army had sustained ;
that therefore this committee, notwithstanding his prior and
subsequent declarations, preceeding and following the said
letter, are further of opinion that his sentiments are inimi-
cal to the liberties of this country; yet this committee dis-
daining the impotent attempts of the said Benjamin Hilton
to traduce the proceedings of the northern army, do there-
fore dismiss him from farther prosecution.
Extracts from the minutes.
MAT. VISSCHER, Secy.
[A letter from Thomas Palmer to Philip Livingston, relative to Fort
Constitution.]
Newburgh, 28th Jan. 1776.
Sir — I cannot account for the conduct of our Committee
of Safety, with respect to the fortification to be erected at
Puplope's Point, in the Highlands. It was seven days
after my return from Philadelphia, before any letter was
sent to the commissioners, and when they received it, it
contained only the resolve of the Continental Congress,
without any instructions accompanying it. The commis-
sioner then at the post not judging proper to proceed, sent
oflf a person express to the Committee for instructions.
This express returned but yesterday, and as I am informed,
the instructions now are, to finish a piece of work now be-
gun at Martle's Point, which I suppose will take up near
a month. "Whether the Committee of Safety has received
any further advice from the Continental Congress, which
may justify their conduct, I know not ; if they have not, I
think their conduct most unaccountable. The season of
the year is no argument why they cannot proceed, as their
is now lying at New- Windsor the timber and other mate-
rials for a barrack ; the boards already dressed ; those for
the floors grooved, and the shingles prepared for the roof ;
besides a more favourable season than the present cannot
be at this season of the year for transporting the same
down to Puplope's Point, as the river is now so frozen that
sleighs go frequently on the ice with great safety ; and
teams may easily be collected to carry it down in one day
to the spot ; and the carpenters can have lodgings in the
neighbourhood of Puplope's Point, while they may be put-
ting this barrack up, which can be done in a very short
time, and when finished will be sufficient cover for one
hundred and sixty men, or more, if necessary ; and should
the present opportunity be neglected until the river begins
to break up, another chance may not happen until the mid-
dle of March or the first of April, and by that means all
work at this important pass must be neglected until such a
season as that we may be daily exposed to the enemy,
with no other place of defence than that at Martle's Point,
which I think nothing of, even with the little addition they
are now erecting, for when that is done not a single gun
can command the reach of the river ; moreover, if this
barrack was carried down and covered, the season would
not prevent throwing up the battery at Martle's Point, and
a better season cannot be than the present, to collect from
the country back, such timber as may be necessary for
carrying on the work. Another most material article, and
that is two and a half inch plank for the platform of the
fortification, which ought now to be engaged at the mills
to be ready early in the spring. If therefore, a fortifica-
tion at Puplope's Point is of leal importance for the se-
curity of part of this and the other Provinces, it ought by
no means to be delayed, especially when there is no kind
of difficulty in prosecuting of it. I gave my sentiments to
the Committee before I left New-York, and have since
mentioned it in the postscript of a letter to them on another
occasion ; and as nothing is yet done, and our time wasting,
I thought proper to communicate my sentiments to you,
and desire you will confer with Mr. Jay on the matter, and
should you be of opinion with me, I think you ought to
consult with Colo. McDougall, and some other principal
gentlemen of the Provincial Congress, now at New-York,
that a matter of so much importance as this may happen
to be, may not any longer be neglected.
I am, sir, with due respect.
Your most humble servt.
THOS. PALMER.
Philip Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter from Tryon county committee.]
Tryon County Comsiittek Chamber, ?
February 17th, 1776. 5
Honourable Gentlemen — Your favour we received
this week, and immediately called our members to a meet-
ing, in order to consult for raising troops to contribute to
the defence of our Colony, as desired.
We resolved to enlist for such purpose, under Continental
pay, at least two full companies with despatch ; and we
will endeavour to afford three companies if possible ; but
it is no sure dependance upon three before trial.
We recommend the following persons as well qualified
to be commissioned as officers for the two companies, in
the following ranks :
Jacob W. Seeber, as captain; Yoost House, lieutenant ;
Jacob Ja. Clock, ensign. Abner French, as captain ; Ja-
cob Simons, lieutenant ; John Newkirk, ensign.
In regard to your request for recommending two per-
sons for each office, that you may make the choice, we
would have done accordingly ; but to prevent confusion in
enlisting, and affronts likewise, by the one or the other,
to the hurt of the same, we concluded to recommend
but one for each office, which so chosen, we judge capa-
ble, and of influence among the people. We leave the
expedition of their commissions and other regulations, to
your further directions. Concerning the clothing and ac-
coutrements ivanting for those new recruiting men, we
must annex, that it would be a needful encouragement, at
least in our county, to furnish them with such necessaries
192
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
and if so to be, where and in what manner it shall be pro- 1
cured. Please, therefore, to consider this point without i
delay, and iiifornn us with your opinion or resolve. '
We must further lay before you the situation of our ex-
posed frontier place at Fort Stanwix, where good caution
ao-ainst dangerous enterprises, desires a nunnber of nnen
lobe posted, tending really for the preservation of the
country ; and besides, we must hear of the Oneida
Indians, close neighbours to said fort, the necessity of
such a guard in that frontier place.
We beg, therefore, that you will consult upon this mat-
ter in particular, and favour us alike with your resolve,
undelayed. Tf our promised two companies, as above
mentioned, would be wanting in other places of ihe Pro-
vince, we may almost assure, that to guard this frontier as
aforesaid, we shall be able to enlist another and third com-
pany under Continental pay and the same provisions as
allowed to the other companies.
We remain, with respects,
Honble. gentlemen.
Your obedt. humble servts.
By order.
WILLIAM SEEBER, Chairman.
To the Honble. Congress or Committee
of Safety at New-York.
[A letter from James Campbell to John Campbell, in London.]
Dear Jack — Notwithstanding my having acquainted
you in my former letters of my intention to stay in Ame-
rica till May, yet, as things have turned out, I dare say
you will be somewhat surprised to see this dated from a
place which many things will have concurred to make
you conclude has long before this been put in the same
situation with Charles Town near Boston, and Norfolk, in
Virginia. Though I must confess, I look upon this town
in particular, to be in a galloping consumption, and though
most of the inhabitants have forsaken it, yet I have not
been able to prevail upon myself to follow their example,
as I must, in going to the country, lose the benefit of a
master, with whom I am eagerly studying some things
which are as satisfactory at present as they will be
necessary hereafter. I am now transacting some business
which, if I can get settled according to my mind, will
oblige me to return to Jamaica by the way of London ;
andlt depends upon this business, whether I see you very
soon, if in London, or persist in my former intentions of
staying here till May.
My lime is short, so you must excuse this unsatisfactory
method of writing, to one who should know all my actions
and reasons why.
My complaint still continues to give me uneasiness,
though my appearance is healthy in the highest degree,
my appetite keen, and am lustier than ever I was.
I wrote you on the 25th December ; I don't remember
the subject, nor have I time at present to look at the copy.
I received some time ago, a letter from Mr. Stirling.
He is the only person in Jamaica from whom I have heard
since my arrival in this country. Pray, remember me to
every body. I am, dear brother.
Yours, sincerely.
JAMES CAMPBELL.
New-York, February 25th, 1776.
[Letter from Jno. Hill, in Ulster county.]
Ulster County, Feb. 2S.th, 1776.
Dear Sir — As a friend to my country, I am obliged to
address you and the venerable body in which you are a
member, about an affair which I am advised by the most
discerning of my neighbours, ought to come under your
inspection. The fact is thus: Cadr. Golden, Esqr. son to
the Lieut. Governor, some years ago, obtained a mortgage
from me with a bond and judgment, for security of a cer-
tain sum of money due to him from me, and he being un-
reasonably urgent for his money, which I could not imme-
diately pay, on account of the slow success I had in col-
lecting my own debts, 1 was obliged to sell part of my
land in order to satisfy him ; but after I had got the mo-
ney and wanted to discharge my bond, he utterly refused
to accept of it on account of its being Continental money.
The sum was as large as 200 pounds, and I could not find
any person who could change it for other money. Our
committee was about to sit, and hearing of the affair, sent
for Mr. Colden, who signed a paper, in which he asserted
that he had sold the bond in question to his brother, David
Colden, of Long island, better than a year ago ; and that
he only offered to receive the money specified in the bond
on his account, and was afraid, in case he should accept of
the Congress money, his brother would be dissatisfied, as
he had formerly refused such money. This apology pass-
ed with our committee, so that they dismissed Mr. Col-
den. I immediately sent the money to David Colden,
who declared he never had such a bond from his brother,
and in order to satisfy my messenger, examined all the
bonds in his possession, but could not find mine, and said
his brother Cadr. had it still.
I am really at a loss how to conduct myself about this mat-
ter ; double interest is every day to be paid on the money,
and I run the risk of being daily liable to have my estate
seized on account of said bond, and perhaps have it
sold for the twentieth part of what it is worth, as I am
certain that no person can make the payments in any other
money than the Continental, especially in these parts. I
rest the matter on your wise decision ; I have advanced
nothing but matters of fact, which can be attested by se-
veral evidences of credit. In case it be thought necessary
to write to me, the letter may be directed to John HilJ,
Esq. near New-Windsor.
Your most obt. and hum. servt.
JNO. HILL.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
convened in New-York.
[Letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Wynkoop, recommending Moses
Yournans as an officer in the Continental service.]
February 20th, 1776.
Permit us, gentlemen, to recommend to your considera-
tion a worthy person for an officer in the ensuing campaign,
in the Continental service, by name Moses Yournans, a
person well known to us. He served the last campaign in
Col. Clinton's regiment, and did officiate in the office of
sergeant-major, and also served as adjutant ; and we found
him exceeding well qualified for any duty that can be re-
quired to execute the office of adjutant ; and by means of
his conduct and behaviour he was exceedingly well beloved,
both by officers and privates in general, in the said regi-
ment ; and after the surrender of Montreal, he had the re-
fusal of a 2nd lieutenant's commission. His circumstances
at that time were such, relating to his family, that to his
heart's grief he could not accept, but then declared that if
Providence would spare his life and health, he would en-
gage the next campaign. And, gentlemen, we, consistent
with our duty, and llie particular regard we have for the
said Yournans, wish to be excused making free to recom-
mend the said Yournans for adjutant, if you in your great
wisdom, should think proper to appoint him, and you will
oblige your humble servants, who subscribe their names as
friends to the American cause.
CORNELIUS WYNKOOP, Lt. Col.
ELIAS HASBROUCK, Capt.
P. ROGGEN, Lieut.
' To the Honourable the Provincial Congress,
t now convened at New- York.
t
: [Nathaniel Woodard's resignation.]
) Newtown, February 21st, 1776.
! Honoured Sir — Having taken into consideration, I
■ think not to continue in the service in the station I now am
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
193
in, as there is one company to be raised in this town, and
Mr. Abraham Riker is willing to take the command of that,
which is very agreeable to me, as he is a gentleman who
has served in the last company as first-lieutenant under me,
and merits the birth. I therefore resign, unless promoted.
From your humble servant,
NATHL. WOODARD.
To Colo. WooDHULL, at New- York.
[A letter from Samuel Thompson, conveying a draft of the Harbour
in Suffolk county.]
Brookhaven, Febrnary 15th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas, by the Convention of this Pro-
vince, the committee of Suffolk county were directed to
make a return of a draft of the several harbours in said
county to the said Convention, as soon as might conven-
iently be. Pursuant thereto the county committee ordered
me to send in a draft of the east and west harbours of
Brookhaven, commonly known by the names of Setauket
and Stoney Brook harbours. And although I know myself
a bad draftsman, yet I have undertaken the task, unequal
to it as I was, and have endeavoured to make something
like a plan, not only of the harbours and channels, but
also of the beaches and lands between them, and have
also endeavoured to tell something of their length and dis-
tances, and also of the depth of the water in some places.
By my card I have made the distance from Mount Misery
cleft or point, by Setauket harbour, 8 miles and a half ;
but I believe as the shore runs, it is more than ten miles to
Rasepeige cleft, at the west end of Long beach, in Smith
Town, a long and very defenceless shore. But although
some people think it a matter of small importance whether
Setauket harbour be fortified or not, I profess I cannot be
of their opinion, as there is not one harbour from the Oys-
terponds point to Setauket harbour, that a vessel of any
considerable burden can get into, and the distance is more
than fifty miles. I think Setaeket harbour must be se-
cured by a small fort built on the beach that runs off from
Mount Misery point, as no vessel of burden can get in
without coming within forty rods of said fort, and if our
cruisers should happen to be chased at low water, I think
they may run in within an hundred rods of said fort. If it
should be done only with a small battery, and the enemy
should land to the east of them and come upon the back of
them, as they may do at low water, our soldiers would
have no shelter. I think there should be at this place not
less than six or eight guns, some of which should be nine
or twelve pounders, on the Sound side ; small guns would
answer on the back side. I think Stoney Brook harbour
would need but two six or nine pounders placed on the
high cleft. Some have thought it would be best to place
the battery on George's neck, four hundred rods from the
harbour, but I can't agree with them, (at Setauket har-
bour.) Justice Strong, by which you will receive these
lines, can, I think, explain the matter more fully to you.
We are very much in want of a gun.smilh here to fix our
guns and make us bayonets, but gunsmiths are very extor-
tionate in their asking, which, I think, ought to be looked
to, as their work is not worth more now than it used to be,
when they would do their work better and for a much less
price. There are several blacksmiths in this town that say
they would take in a good workman and assist him ; and
unless we can have a workman, we cannot possibly be
fixed as we ought to be to defend our country. There are
numbers amongst us that have no guns, nor could they buy
if they had money.
Gentlemen,
From your very humble servant,
SAMUEL THOMPSON.
To the Congress, at New- York.
[Vol. II.] 49
[A letter from Wm. Bedlow, on behalf of the commissioners at Fort
Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, Feb. 15th, 1776.
Dear Sir — Yours of the 13th instant, by the carpen-
ters, I this day received, and most truly deplore the situa-
tion New-York is in. The Lord reigns King, whom I
trust will soon restore America to peace and liberty. A
paragraph of your letter, where you say " Two or three of
the members of Congress say no time ought to be lost in
contracting for, and getting the timber and other necessa-
ries to the place for erecting the new fortress," on which I
know not how to act ; having no direction what kind of
fortress is intended, I cannot tell what timber and necessa-
ries will be wanted. The bariack frame we have had
brought down from New-Windsor to Moore's landing, till
a convenient opportunity to get it to Pooploop's kill. Capt.
Lawrence went tiiis day to Pokeepsie, to procure a place
for his family. I have sent down (the bearer of this, one of
our people) an honest good man-express, to obtain some
directions respecting the intended works at Pooploop's kill,
which request you will endeavour to procure, and despatch
him back with all speed. I shall give directions to Mr.
White, at New- Windsor, to procure timber and frame a
store of the dimensions of the one here with all despatch,
as it will be one of the first things with the barrack want-
ed. I beg you will notice that money is wanting now, and
will be continually, to pay contingencies, for the persons
we employ to procure the necessaries up here, will have a
commission for advancing their cash and doing the busi-
ness, which will be prosecuted if we are in cash to pay as
things are delivered, and will necessarily forward the work.
I am, dear sir.
For self and brother commissioners,
Your humble servt.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
To Mk. John Berrien, &c.
[The request of Joseph Blanchard, for leavo te go onboard the Duchess
of Gordon.]
New-York, Feb. 15th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have occasion to wait on his Excellen-
cy Governor Tryon, to get the Province seal affixed to a
small patent which myself and some others are concerned
in. I therefore beg the favour to have liberty to go on board
the ship in which the Governor now is, for the purpose
aforesaid. It will greatly oblige those interested, and also.
Your most obedt. and very hum. servt.
JOSEPH BLANCHARD.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress,
New- York.
[A letter from Abraham Lott, Esqr. relative to provisions for the ship
Mercury.]
New-York, February 6th, 1776.
Yesterday, at 2 h. P. M. Mr. Lott received the enclosed
order, for sea provisions for His Majesty's ship Mercury,
which he thinks he is at liberty to supply, pursuant to the
order of the Honourable Congress, in August last ; but be-
ing desirious to act, so as not to give offence in these diffi-
cult limes, humbly begs the advice and direction of this
Honourable Committee, whether the demand shall be com-
plied with or not ?
To the Honourable the Committee of Safety
of the Colony of New-York.
Mercury. Feb. 5ih, 1776.
Sir — Please to supply His Majesty's ship Mercury,
with the following provisions, to complete her to three
months, viz :
Bread, 2000 pounds ; spirits, 200 pounds ; flour, 2000
194
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
pounds ; butter, 200 pounds ; cheese, 400 pounds ; peas
11 bushels; oatnneal, 11 bushels.
The above to be sent on board as soon as possible.
From, sir, your most obedt. servt.
JNO. HERRING.
In Committee or Safety, >
New-York, Feb. 6Ui, 1776. ^
Abraham Lott, Esqr. attended, and informed the Com-
mittee that the purser of His Majesty's ship Mercury, had
sent to him (as agent victualler of His Majesty's ships in
this port) a list of sundry provisions required for the said
ship Mercury, and Mr. Lott desired to know whether he
be at liberty to supply the said ship Mercury with provi-
sions.
Ordered, That Mr. Lott be informed, that it is the sense
of this Committee, tliat he ought not to supply the said ship
Mercury with provisions.
[A letter from Thos. Young, Chairman of Sag-flarbour.]
Sag-Harbour, Feb. lit. 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed we send you the most correct
map of the east end of Long island and the islands adja-
cent, we were able to take at this difficult season. The
bearings and distances of the points of land are chiefly taken
by the compass ; the soundings and shoals taken by the
most experienced coasters we have here. The ice prevented
us from taking them ourselves.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
By order of the commiltee.
THOS. YOUNG, Chairman.
[Letter from General Schuyler at Albany.]
.Albany, February 1, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Hancock had already transmitted me like
copies of the resolutions of Congress as were enclosed in
yours of the 25th ult. which I received yesterday.
I have more reasons than one for wishing that no com-
missions may be sent to me from the Committee of Safety
to be delivered to the officers they may please to name ;
the colonel of the regiment will be the proper person to
distribute them.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
John McKIesson, Esq. Secretary, &c.
[Letter from Jno. Imlay, stating that his health will not permit him
to attend Committee of Safety.]
New-Brunswick, January 23, 1776.
Sir — Your favour of the 21st I received last night, and
for answer, I am sorry to inform you, I can not with any
propriety leave home at this time, my wife being very un-
well, and has been so for several days ; neither do I see
any prospect of my attending the Commiltee of Safety as
soon as I could wish. I have for several years past been
afflicted with a scorbutic complaint on my hands and legs,
which is very troublesome to me in cold weather, and has
been so bad for these two weeks past that I have been un-
able to put on my cloths without help, neither can I travel
in cold weather without in some degree endangering my
life. I am really sorry I cannot attend for the discharge
of my duty. As soon as the health of my family and self
will permit my leaving home, I shall give my attendance
in Committee.
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your very humble servant,
JNO, IMLAY.
[Letter from John Williams, Charlotte county, relative to officer's
commissions.]
M'^hite Creek, November 6, 1775.
Respected Sir — Once more I beg to intrude on your
kindness, by particular desire of numbers of our inhabit-
ants. We had a meeting of the county committee some
lime since, to nominate our field officers for this part of our
county, and remitted tlieir names to the Congress ; but our
Delegate,(Mr. Waikins) informs us our commissions were
detained on Mr. Smith's account. Some people, he in-
forms, that the Congress termed him a tory ; others, he
informs, that it was because he was not appointed colonel ;
but the committee has found out, that it was because he
was not in the nomination himself; and many other trans-
actions that he has transacted have been found out greatly
to his prejudice, which has entirely cast him out of all fa-
vour. As for myself, it is impossible for me to come down
at present, as the sickness engageth much, and Mr. Marsh
sailh he cannot possibly attend. However, we have ap-
pointed Mr. Malcomb, of York, to represent us, as the
people imagine it will save trouble and expense ; but I am
desired to get your approbation in the affair, whether it
will be better for us to send one from our own county, or
to continue Mr. Malcomb, or both.
We had a meeting last Tuesday, and all the county com-
mittee were present excepting one, and made some altera-
tions, as the committee had been informed of some particu-
lars relating to the conduct of some of the field officers,
and now it stands thus : myself, colonel ; Arch. Campbell,
lieut. colo. &c. and Mr. Smith entirely cast out. How-
ever some people imagine he will write to the Congress for
his commission, according to his appointment, and if he
doth obtain it, it will cause an entire dissatisfaction through-
out the county, as it is thought he doth it for no other view
but to collect the people together on the field day at his
own house, which is on one side of the county ; therefore,
if any thing of this kind happeneth, I will be obliged to you
if you will inform me of it. The committee broke up very
late in ihe morning, therefore desired Mr. Gamble to write
to the Congress, and to Mr. Malcomb ; but the people de-
sired me to write to you with all speed, who join with me
in respects to you, and if any opportunity serves, you may
depend on its being acknowledged by
Sir, your very humble servant,
JNO. WILLIAMS.
To John McEj:ssoN, Secretary, &c.
[Letter from Peter T. Curtenius stating that Mr. Grant has rarens
duck.]
January 29. 1775.
Gent. — Agreeaby to your desire, I have inquired about
ravens duck, and found some at Mr. Grant's, for which he
asks £5 10s. per piece, which is 45s. per piece higher
than I gave for the same sort last summer. Should be
glad to have your orders how much to purchase, as Mr.
Grant has had an offer for the whole he has, which is
about twenty-five pieces.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most humble servant,
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
Enclosed is a calculation which Mr. Grant sent me, by
which it appears it cost £4 Is. 6d. per piece.
To the Committee of Safety.
[Letter from Joseph French, stating that he was sent to this committee
by Colo. Heard.]
NeurVork, January 2A, 1776.
Gentlemen — I understand by a citation Mr. Jay pro-
duced at Jamaica, that I am to appear before the Provin-
cial Congress to answer some complaints alleged against
me. I now acquaint you that I am ready in waiting to
answer any thing laid to my charge, and should have done
it before, had said citation come to my hand. If, gentle-
men, you are not ready to hear me, I should be much
obliged to you if you would give me a few lines, which I
may produce to Colonel Heard as a proof of my having
waited upon you, and that I may return home, as I have
for this month past been very much indisposed and am so
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
195
still. I shall be ready and willing at any time to wait upon
you, to answer the charge alleged against nie.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obliged humble servt.
JOSEPH FRENCH.
N. B. I have obligated myself to Col. Heard to wait
upon you.
The Honourable Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from William Bedlow, with his account. 1
January 30th, 1776.
Sir — I have taken the liberty of enclosing to you my
account with the Honourable Provincial Congress of New-
York, as a commissioner of fortifications, at the rate the
Honourable House fixed the same ; and beg you will lay
the same before the Committee of Safety, humbly request-
ing they will favour me with an order for the amount. My
health being restored, I propose to return to the fort in a
day or two, and shall be glad to receive any orders the
Honourable Board may have to give me.
I am, with respect, sir.
Your humble servt.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Safety.
Peyeamet, nth December, 1776.
Dear Sir — On receipt hereof you are to move with
your regiment down to Orange Town and there continue
till further orders. You will be careful on your march
thither to keep out proper advanced and flank guards, and
when there, the necessary guards and scouting parties to
prevent your being surprised by the enemy.
You will give every protection in your power to the
friends of the United States in that quarter of the country ;
at the same time you will endeavour to discover, appre-
hend and secure the enemies of said States who may be
found lurking or under arms in that quarter, that they may
(if taken alive) be delivered over to the civil authority to
be dealt with according to their crime ; take special care,
however, that your troops do not plunder the inhabitants
under any pretence whatever. If the British troops should
approach you with superior numbers or under suclr advan-
tages as to render it imprudent to give them battle, in either
of those cases retreat in order so as to regain the passes in
the Highlands, near Sydnam's. Colo. Hathorn's regi-
ment will continue where they now are and stand ready to
sustain you in case of necessity and to strengthen the pass
near Sydnam's. Col. Hasbrouck's regiment, which must
ere this have arrived, must occupy Haverstraw, in order to
secure the passes in the Highlands, near the river, and to
reinforce Fort Montgomerie in case any attempt should be
made against it. You will therefore deliver the command-
ing oflicers of those regiments copies of this order, that
they may govern themselves accordingly. You will take
the proper steps to ensure your being furnished with pro-
visions at Orange Town, and your quarter-master will
draw the necessary ammunition from tiie ^rm^ quarter-
master-general, Major Taylor, at Haverstraw, of which
you must be very careful that if not used it may bev.re-
turned.
I am your hum. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To Col. Wm. Allison.
In Congress, June 26th, 1776.
Resolved, That a colonel's commission be immediately
issued to Major Duboys, with instructions forthwith to
raise a regiment to serve for three years or during the war,
and that the corps of officers be composed of such as have
served with credit in Canada ; no officer to receive his
commission until his company be raised and armed. The
arms of the people enlisting themselves to be valued by
the committees of the counties where the companies are
raised, and paid for by the Continent on their being mus-
tered.
Resolved, That the following gentlemen be appointed
officers of the regiment to be raised under Colonel Lewis
Duboys ; their commissions to be given them as soon as
their complements of men shall be raised, vizt :
Jacobus S. Bruyn, heutenant-colonel ; William Goforth,
major ; David Duboys, 1st captain ; Elias Van Banscho-
ten, 2nd captain ; Thomas De Witt, 3rd captain ; Isaac
Wool, 4th captain ; Philip D. B. Bevier, 5th captain ;
Richard Piatt, 6th captain ; Albert Pawling, 7th captain ;
Cornelius T. Jansen, 8th captain.
First lieutenants, vizt :
James Gregg, Aaron Austin, Jonathan Piercy, Evans
Wherry, Garrett Van Wagenner, Henry Vandenburgh,
Nathaniel Conklin, Henry Dodge. Daniel Gano, 2nd lieu-
tenant in the first company ; John Coates, surgeon ; Henry
Duboys, adjutant.
Resolved, That the President write to the Convention
of New-York, and explain to them the reasons that induced
the Congress to enter into the foregoing resolutions, and to
request the said Convention to appoint the other officers of
said battalion, and to use their best endeavours in equip-
ping and forwarding the said battalion.
That a bounty of ten dollars be given to every non-
commissioned officer and soldier who will enhst to serve
for the term of three years.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
[The opinion of Genl. Heath, Genl. Spencer, Genl. Greene and Lord
Stirling, on the propriety of removing the cattle and provisions ofi
Long island.]
June 27th, 1776.
In considering the several matters which your Excellen
cy has been pleased to refer to us, we do with regard to
Long island and Staten island, think it absolutely neces-
sary, for the safety and defence of this Colony, that all the
stock of cattle and sheep, (except such as may be requisite
for the present subsistence of the inhabitants, be removed
to a distance from the seacoast, and that this be done im-
mediately ; as on the arrival of the enemy it will be im-
possible to give attention to this matter ; and also that all
the horses be either removed, or put under such regulations
as that they may be removed on the first approach of the
enemy. And with regard to the disaffected inhabitants,
who have lately been apprehended, we think that the
method at present adopted, by the county committee, of
discharging them on their giving bonds as a security for
their good behaviour, is very improper and ineffectual, and
therefore recommend it to your Excellency to apply to the
Congress of this Province to take some more effectual
method of securing the good behaviour of those people,
and in the mean time that your Excellency will order the
officer in whose custody they are, to discharge no more of
them until the sense of Congress be had thereon.
W. HEATH,
JOS. SPENCER,
NATHANIEL GREENE,
STIRLING.
Head-Quarters, New-York, June 27th, 1776.
Sir — The necessity of the most vigorous and decisive
measures, in our present circumstances, will, I doubt not,
justify to your Honourable Body the removal of the stock
of cattle and horses from those parts of the coast most ex-
posed to the enemy. After a long and fatiguing voyage
they will need refreshments of this nature, and there is no
doubt they will have them if possible on any terms. Com-
mon prudence, therefore, and a regard to our own safely,
strongly evince the necessity of depriving ihem of such
196
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
supplies as will enable ihem to act with more vigour and
spirit against us. Though painful and disagreeable, it
seems to be a nneasure which the great law of self-preser-
vation now requires. Enclosed I transmit the unanimous
resolution of a council of general officers advising such
removal without delay, in which it is proposed to pay a
suitable regard to the necessities of the people. I flatter
myself that in a matter of such importance and difficulty,
the Honourable Body over which you preside will approve
of the proposal, and carry it into execution, or cooperate
with me in the most effectual steps for this purpose.
I have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect and regard,
Sir, your obed. hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
The Honourable the President of the
Provincial Congress, New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler relative to Faulkner.]
Mbany, June 24th, 1776.
Sir — The post delivered me your favour of the 15th
inst. As my letter to His Excellency General Washing-
ton has already taken up most of the time the post is allow-
ed to stay, I shall only observe that Faulkner never was
nor is a prisoner of mine ; that out of mere compassion to
the man, I last winter went out of my sphere to serve and
release him, and treated him, as he frequently confessed,
with the highest humanity. His behaviour since has not
merited a continuance of the like. But I am incapable of
resentment against such a wretch, but if I had any, it
should not be marked with cruelty. But all this is mere
assertion, and if I can possibly find time, I will by ne.xt
post furnish you with the charges against him by the com-
mittee of Tryon, which induced them to order his last com-
mitment, with a detail of my conduct towards him.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Nathaniel Woodhull. Esq., President, &c.
[Letter from Abel Belknap, Chairman at a meeting of the committees of
Newburgh and New- Windsor, in conjunction.]
New- li^'indsor, 24th June, 1776.
Gentlemen — The alarming situation of our public
affairs in general, and the well grounded suspicion that our
enemies in this country are secretly arming and preparing
to surprise and take our lives, in case an attack shall be
made on this Province ; which no doubt you will agree
with us, is more than probable will soon be the case.
We, the committees of the precincts of Newburgh and
New-Windsor, in conjunction, attended by Col. Jonathan
Hasbrouck and Col. James M'Claughry, met this day in
order to consult on the important affair of putting ourselves
in the best situation for defence ; and on examining the
state of our militia, find by the report of the aforesaid gen-
tlemen that we are nearly destitute of both powder and
lead. An order of your Honourable House (as we under-
stand) hath passed in favour of this county for a supply;
and in consequence of said order application halh been
made by our county convention agreeably to the same, yet
no answer haih been received, the reason why we can not
account for. Therefore, as we are under such very disagree-
able circumstances, we have resolved and appointed that
the bearer hereof, Capt. Isaac Belknap, do wait on your
Honourable House with this ; and we do most earnestly
request and pray that you, gentlemen, will be pleased to
furnish us with the quantity already required, with a sup-
ply of lead proportioned thereto, by the bearer, or inform
U8 of the reasons why.
We have, gentlemen, the honour to be.
Most obedt. humb, servt.
By order of the committee.
ABEL BELKNAP, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New- York.
Philadelphia, June 25th, J776,
Gentlemen — Since my last, of the 21st inst. I have
nothing further in charge from Congress, except the en-
closed resolves, which are so full and explicit that I need
not enlarge.
You will perceive they are calculated to prevent insur-
rections, and to introduce good order and obedience to the
laws throughout the United Colonies, objects of the great-
est importance in our present situation, since all internal
convulsions, while they weaken the force and springs of
government, must necessarily render its operations against
foreign enemies less vigorous and decisive.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obed. and very hble. serv.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Honourable Conventioa of New-York.
[Resolutions of Continental Congress, received enclosed in a letter
from John Hancock, Esqr.]
In Congress, June 24, 1776.
Resolved, That all persons abiding within any of the
United Colonies, and deriving protection from the laws of
the same, owe allegiance to the said laws and are mem-
bers of such Colony ; and that all persons passing through,
visiting or making a temporary stay in any of the said Co-
lonies, being entitled to the protection of the laws during
the time of such passage, visitation or temporary stay,
owe, during the same time, allegiance thereto.
That all persons, members of, or owing allegiance to
any of the United Colonies, as before described, who shall
levy war against any of the said Colonies, within the
same, or be adherent to the King of Great Britain, or
others, the enemies of the said Colonies, or any of them,
within the same, giving to him or them aid and comfort,
are guilty of treason against such Colony.
That it be recommended to the Legislatures of the se-
veral United Colonies to pass laws for punishing, in such
manner as to them shall seem fit, such persons, as before
described, as shall be proveably attainted of open deed by
people of their conditions, of any of the treasons before
described.
That it be recommended to the Legislatures of the se-
veral United Colonies to pass laws for punishing, in such
manner as they shall think fit, persons who shall counter-
feit, or aid or abet in counterfeiting, the Continental bills
of credit, or who shall pass any such bill in payment,
knowing the same to be counterfeit.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
[Letter from Salem Committee,, inquiring how they must proceed
against persons who have forfeited their bonds, and whether Long
island ought not to be purged of the tories.]
Gentlemen — As our civil and religious privileges all
lie at stake, we that are friends thereto desire to lend a
lifting hand in trying to preserve them ; and as the tories
grow more and more disaffected, and are daily going off
on to Long island — four men last week from my neigh-
bourhood, several more from other parts, Capt. Theal and
his son John Lobdin, and Stephen Delance, some of them
laid under £500 bonds and also under the solemnity of an
oath — but they regard not any thing the committee does
with them, so long as they have their liberty. It
is supposed numbers are concealed on Long island.
Please to take it into your wise consideration, vvhether or
no it will not be best to send and purge Long island ; and
as I wrote to you a little back by Mr. Chapman, one of
the members of Salem committee, to know what we
should do with those that forfeit their bonds, and how we
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
197
should get pay for the last, as there is since many more,
we should be glad of an answer.
By order of the committee.
EZEKIEL HAWLEY, Chairman.
Salem, June 22d, 1776.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
Salem, 24<A June, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas sundry persons of note have
lately absconded from our part of the country, and we
have reason to think, from several circumstances, are
(with numbers of others) assembling together on Long
island, with a view to join the Ministerial army, we beg the
Congress would take the matter under consideration, and
adopt such measures as to you shall appear most proper
for the removal of such dangerous assemblages, who we
fear are forming a combination to aid and assist the Mini-
sterial army when an opportunity shall permit.
Ordered, That the same be forwarded with all conve-
nient speed by Mr. Ezekiel Halley.
By the joint order of the sub-committees of the manor
of Cortlandt and Salem.
EKEKIEL HALLEY,
JOSEPH BENEDICT,
Chairmen.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
iLetter from Colo. James Clinton, at the fortifications, stating that he
has no surgeon to his regiment, and recommending Doctor Tappen
at Poughkeepsie.]
Fort Constitution, June 22d, 1776.
Dear Sir — As there is no surgeon appointed to my re-
giment that I know of, and we are very much in want of
one, having none at all here or at Fort Montgomery ; the
one that was appointed here for a time is gone to New-
York. I understand that Doctor Petrus Tappen, at Pough-
keepsie, is willing to join my regiment if his apprentice
be appointed his mate. I need not recommend him to any
that are acquainted with him, as he is known to be a man
of judgment and a good doctor ; therefore I hope you will
have him appointed and his apprentice his mate, whose
name I do not recollect. I would be glad you would send
me the arrangement of the officers in my regiment, if you
have it.
I am, sir, in haste, and remain, sir,
Your most humb. servt.
JAMES CLINTON, Colo.
[Letter from John Hancock, enclosing resolutions of Continental
Congress.]
Philadelphia, June 22d, 1776.
Gentlemen — I do myself the honour of enclosing, in
obedience to the commands of Congress, sundry resolu-
tions, to which I beg leave to request your attention.
I have only time to observe, in general, that it is totally
impossible the American troops should ever be on a re-
spectable footing, or that they should render any very es-
sential services to their country unless the United Colonics,
on their part, will take care to have them well appointed
and equipped with every thing necessary for an army. In
this view of the matter, the enclosed resolve, respecting
the mode of providing proper clothing for our troops, is
most certainly of the greatest importance, and I make no
doubt will appear in the same light to you, and claim your
immediate and closest attention.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Hon. GonTention of New-York.
[Vol. XL] 50
[Letter from Dr.Haviland, requesting a medicine chest.]
New-York, June 2Ut, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas no provision has been made for
a medicine chest for Col. Wynkoop's regiment, I request
that an order may be issued for that purpose.
I am, gentlemen, your most obedt. hum. servt.
EBEN HAVILAND, Surgn. 4th Regt.
To the Hon. Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Corns. Steenrod, stating that his 2d lieutenant is cashiered
and wishes Isaac Ryckman to succeed him.]
Camp at New-York, 2Qth June, 1776.
Gent. — When I received the resolves of your Honour-
able House, appointing me to the command of a company
in the Continental service, liberty in that resolve was given
me to appoint the subaltern officers under me, which com-
pany I have since completed with commissioned, non-com-
missioned officers and privates, all to five men, who stand
ready to make up the deficiency, if they might know who
is to be their officers ; as one of my lieutenants is cashier-
ed, they know not who may succeed him : if it should be
one they do not approve of, they are determined not to
join, and those that have already joined my company, de-
clare that if they cannot have the choice of their officer,
they will not serve be the consequence what it will. They
have therefore, with my consent, made choice of Mr. Isaac
Ryckman, Junr. a person who they greatly approve of, and
are willing to serve under.
The commissions in my company not being made out,
should be glad if your honours would consider it and order
their making out, which will be greatfully acknowledged by,
Gent, your most obedt. and very humb. servt.
CORNELIUS STEENROD.
To the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Delegates at Continental Congress, acknowledging the
receipt of a letter on the subject of independence.]
Philadelphia, 17 th June, 1776.
Sir — We were honoured by your favours of the 11th
and 13lh instant. A resolution of Congress has passed
agreeably to your intention, restraining the exportation of
salt beef and pork from any of these Colonies under the
limitations mentioned in your resolves.
We received great pleasure from knowing the sentiments
of the Hon. the Convention relative to the important sub-
ject on which we thought it our duty to ask their opinion.
We are very happy in having it in our power to assure
them, that we have hitherto taken no steps inconsistent
with their intention as expressed in their letter, by which
we shall be careful to regulate our future conduct. We
remain, sir, with the greatest respect.
Yours and the Convention's most obdt. hum. servts.
FRA. LEWIS,
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON,
JOHN ALSOP,
WM. FLOYD,
HENRY WISNER.
The Hon. Nathaniel Woodhull,
Presidt. of the Provincial Congress at New- York.
[A letter from Col. Fleming, enclosing his commission, dec]
New-York, Feb. 20th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I take occasion to express the high sense
I entertain of that honourable testimony of your approba-
tion, which you were pleased to give, by unanimously ap-
pointing me Dept Adjutant-General in the Continental ar-
my ; and extremely regret the necessity I am now laid un-
der, of making a resignation of the trust committed to me.
I flatter myself, that, considering my uniform conduct, and
my circumstances in life, you will do me the justice to be-
lieve, that in accepting tlic office, 1 was influenced by my
zeal for, and attachment to, the cause of America ; not by
any avidity for the emoluments which might thence arise.
198
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
It is unnecessary lo say, I left ease and competency, my
wife, my children and every thing dear to me, to encount-
er, at the expense of my health, as well as at the risk of
my life, all the rigours, diflScullies and dangers of a long
campaign in Canada. Neither is it my part to determine,
whether my behaviour in the station I filled has been repre-
hensible or meritorious. But this much I will venture to
assert, that however moderate my abilities, my assiduity
and attention to the discharge of my duty were unremitted.
What share of zeal and perseverance I may pretend to,
can easily be ascertained by the term of my continuance
in Canada, under all the discouragements of an excruciat-
ing disorder.
At any rate, I am not concious of any such neglect, or
desertion of my duty, as may justly expose me to a mani-
fest indignity ; and when it is offered me, I can not forbear
feeling il with the sensibility of a man. As first deputy, I
naturally expected to succeed to the Adjutant-Generalship
when it became vacant ; but to my great surprise, I find
the Continental Congress have thought proper to give the
preference to another. True it is, the Congress have de-
clared a resolution to reserve to themselves a right of dis-
pensing preferments according to the merit of officers, and
not to the seniority of commissions ; buteven on that ground,
the preference they have given to another, contains an im-
plicit censure on my conduct. It is a tacit declaration, that
I am not competent to the place of Adjutant-General, and of
course, that 1 have not acted with propriety in my former
character. For no man capable of acquiting himself well
on the post of deputy Adjutant-General, can be unqualified
for that of Adjutant-General. I am, therefore, compelled to
suppose the Continental Congress disapproves of my past
conduct, and think me unfit for the place to which I was
appointed ; otherwise, it cannot be imagined they would
step aside from the plain path of succession by seniority,
and take the pains to place a gentleman, not at all within
the line of the department, over my head. This would be
charging them with a degree of partiality of which I hope
they are incapable.
I am now reduced to this dilemma, either to suppose,
that I have been much injured, and my honour as a soldier
wounded in the tenderest part, by being excluded from a
station without sufficient cause, to which I had a good
right to aspire ; or to close with the opinion of the Conti-
nental Congress, and consider myself as inadequate to the
office you were pleased to honour me with. In either
case, it is evidently my duty to resign. In the first, jus-
tice to myself require it — in the last, justice to my country.
On whatever ground I act, be assured, gentlemen, my
affections to this country, and my zeal for the preservation
of its rights, will always remain unimpared. As a private
citizen, my property, my life shall be cheerfully hazarded
in the defence of America.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect,
Your most humble servant,
EDWARD FLEMING.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Ulster Committee, relative to two sets of credentials sent
down by their members to Congress.]
In County Committee, >
Nem-Paltz, Ulh June, 1776. 5
Gentlemen — Your much esteemed favour of the 31st
ulto. we duly received, and note it covered to us copies of
two credentials contradicting each other as to the powers
our Delegates were to exercise when in Congress. At
present it is out of our power to give the Honourable Con-
gress that satisfaction in this matter which they require,
and we sincerely desire to do. The reason is, our county
committee is composed of two members from each pre-
cinct committee, (save Kingston, who claim the privilege
of sending four.) The members of the precinct commit-
tees generally attend county committee by rotation, for
their ease and convenience; of course, few of the mem-
bers that compose one county committee, give their atten-
dance at the next. Such is our situation at present, hav-
ing only Messrs. Schoonmaker and Robertson from whom
we can receive any information concerning this affair, and
which we now transmit to the Honourable Congress, toge-
ther with sundry reasons delivered to this committee by
Col. Johannes Hardenbergh, Esqr. our late chairman, why
he signed two credentials, as before recited. This com-
mittee does not think proper to make any remarks, either
on the reasons given them by Col. Hardenbergh, or the
account of matters given by Messrs. Schoonmaker and
Robertson, as they submit both for the perusal of Con-
gress, and have only now to add, for the information of the
Honourable Provincial Congress in New-York, that it is
resolved and ordered in this committee, by a unanimous
vote thereof, that the credentials delivered to Matthew
Cantinc, Esqr. one of our present Delegates, in which cre-
dentials the Deputies from this county to Provincial Con-
gress are charged and commissioned to nominate George
Clinton, Esqr. and use their utmost influence to have hira
elected one of the Representatives for this Colony to the
Continental Congress, be the credentials by which our De-
puties in Provincial Congress are to be bound and regulate
their conduct. It gives us pain to reflect that any thino'
transacted in this county should wear the appearance, be-
fore the Honorable Congress, as though there was a divi-
sion among the people, whereas the reverse is the case ;
we think that we may be allowed to boast a little, not only
of our unanimity in sentiment, but regularity in practice, ever
since we were engaged in the grand contest, and that with
as few exceptions as any county in this Province ; there-
fore hope the Honourable Congress will judge of this af-
fair as an inadvertency in practice, rather than a division
among the people.
We have, gentlemen, the honour to be,
Your most obedt. and very humble servants.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Jxjnr.
Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
for the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Thos. Brown, a Quaker, requesting to be excused from
militia duty.]
Neic-York, 6th month 20th, 1776.
Esteemed Friends — The present operation of drafting
men hath caused me thus to address you, as it is like to fall
heavy on, and to be a real grievance to, some of the peo-
ple called Quakers. I, as an individual, think proper to
inform yon, that I am a man of a sober deportment, and
can by no means join in, or be accessory to the destruction
of men's lives, knowing assuredly that' I am called to a
greater attainment in the life of Christianity than what is
hitherto professed among many ; and although some of us
swerve aside, and actually join with others in the present
commotions, and to the great grief of some are thought to
be in the practice of unrighteous gain, which is now pre-
valent, yet there are others who hold out a light, I think,
conspicuous ; be pleased, therefore, to consider me as a
man of low circumstances, who cannot avail myself of any
advantages in the present times, and have but little busi-
ness and little money to support a young family during
these troubles, and it being my lot, together with my ap-
prentice, to be drafted, it will, I expect, prevent me follow-
ing any business longer; and as there are some officers who
may be exercised with less levity than others, and may be
immoderate in their fines, (as has been the case already,)
and as it is not fit that any oppression or unrighteous prac-
tices should be the eff'ect of your administration, especially
at a time when we are contending for right. However, I
shall at this time avoid being proli.T, and shall request, con-
trary to any former intention, that I may have liberty to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
retire without molestation or impediment ; and may suc-
cess attend your endeavours to effect a reconciliation, if
possible, is the desire of your
Respectful friend,
T. BROWN.
To the Members of the New- York Congress
now sitting in New- York.
[Col. Hardenbergh's reasons for signing two sets of credentials.]
Reasons given by Col. Johannes Hardenbergh, late chair-
man of the County Convention, for returning two cre-
dentials to Provincial Congress, transacted at different
times, but bearing the same date, pursuant to an order of
the Honourable the Provincial Congress, to wit :
First. The first credential given to the Delegates, sign-
ed by me, was pursuant to the order of the then county
committee which had then met at the town of the New-
Paltz, on the 16th day of April, 1776, and also on the 25th
April following, at the house of Miss Ann Dubois, as may
be seen by their proceedings on the 16lh and 25th of April
aforesaid ; which said credentials were approved of by the
said committee, as may be seen by the said credentials,
drawn by order of the said committee, and signed, to be
delivered to one of the Delegates ; which I delivered to
the Delegate, Col. Hasbrouck.
Secondly. If the said credential had not been sent to
Congress, they could not have had any information from
the committee of their claim to choose a Delegate to re-
present this Colony in Continental Congress by ballot,
which the people at large then claimed to be their birthright.
The above is the reason I give to the Honourable the Pro-
vincial Congress, for my signing the first credential, dated
the 16th April, 1776, and also for my attending at the town
of the New-Paltz, on the 13lh day of May, 1776, together
with so many of the committee as was then appointed on
the 25th April, to meet with me at the town of the New-
Paltz, on the 13lh May, out of every of the precincts one,
as may be seen by the said proceedings of the said com-
mittee, or any six of the sub-committee, together with the
chairman, to keep the said election at the town of the New-
Paltz, by ballot, as was ordered by the said committee.
Thirdly. There was likewise ordered, that on the com-
plaint of Col. Charles De Witt, laid against Col. Palmer,
if there should be a sufficient number of the committee to
appear on the 13th of May, then to consider the complaint
of the said De Witt, otherwise to refer it to a further day.
Fourthly. Which did not interfere with the sub-commit-
tee to carry on the election by ballot, according to the or-
der of the said committee, on the 25th April.
Fifthly. The reason why the election was not carried
into execution, was that there was a division among the
people then and there present.
Sixthly. The reason for my signing the second creden-
tial on the 13th May, 1776. I very well knew it was dated
the 16lh April, 1776, and signed the 13th May; and I de-
nied to sign the same when it was offered to me, by rea-
son it was drawn on that day and not on the 16lh April, as
it was dated. But being chairman of the committee, after
my denying to sign the same, I was then ordered by the
committee to sign the same, and being under their directions,
although against my opinion, I signed the same the 13th
May ; and who delivered it to the Delegate, I do not re-
member.
Seventhly. Gentlemen, the before mentioned reasons,
with many more, if necessary, I could give to the Provin-
cial Congress for my signing the two credentials, entered
by the said Congress. The sub-commillee for holding the
election at the Ncw-Pallz, was appointed by the whole
county committee, at the house of Miss Ann Dubois, on
the 25th April, and not revocable by any part of the coun-
ty committee on the 13th May, but had a right to proceed
on the said business, and there being members absent
which had ordered the first credential and approved thereof.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 199
Lastly. I must observe to this committee, as also to the
Honourable Congress, that the conduct of the gentlemen
present on that day, deprived me of my birthright, to elect
a person to represent me in Continental Congress, by bal-
lot, according to the order of the county committee.
Produced and signed the above reasons per request of
the Honourable the Provincial Congress, this 13th June,
1776, per me,
JOHANNES HARDENBERGH.
[Cornls. Schoonmaker's information relative to the conduct of the
committee in the choice of Delegates with power to appoint Conti-
tinental Delegates, &c.]
Gentlemen — The information I can give you of the
proceedings of the county committee with respect to the
two set of credentials that was delivered to the Deputies
of Ulster county, in Provincial Congress, vizt :
At a meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of this
county, at the New-Paltz, on the 16lhday of April, 1776,
to choose Deputies to represent this county in Provincial
Congress, under the inspection of the chairman and such
members of the county committee as was appointed to su-
perintend the same, (I at the time being in the New-
Paltz) not as a member that was appointed to inspect the
election, but as an elector, but as I was a member of the
county committee in absence of the member that was ap-
pointed out of our precinct to attend, and inspect said
election, I was called in and had to attend. The election
was held and Deputies chosen, after which the 25th day
of April was appointed for the county committee to meet,
for the purpose of fixing upon a quorum, and to prepare
the credentials for the Deputies.
The commttee met on the said 25th day of April, of which
house I at that time had the honour to be a member, and
after the house was formed they proceeded to business,
and fixed the quorum, which two Deputies was to be.
Then the chairman laid before the committee a set of
credentials which he had drawn at home, and required the
sense of the committee on the same. The committee after
making a good many alterations, ordered the chairman to
draw a fair copy of the same, and sign and deliver the
same to the Deputies or one of them.
At the same time, the 13lh day of May was appointed
for the freeholders aud inhabitants of this said county to
meet at the New-Paltz to choose a Delegate to represent
them in Continental Congress, where one member out of
every precinct, and two out of Kingston, with the chair-
man, was appointed to superintend the said election.
Colo. Palmer was to be cited to appear before the com-
mittee on said day to answer a complaint entered against
him by Colo. Charles De Witt, concerning minute men.
Also, Capt. Drake was cited to appear before tiie commit-
tee on said day, to answer to a complaint entered against
him by James Hunter, concerning minute men. I was
also appointed to superintend the election on the 13lh May.
On the said day, when I came to the Paltz, it being a
little late, the chairman with the committee were upon
business and in a debate concerning the mode of choosing
the Continental Delegates.
After some time the chairman offered to the committee
that was then and there present, of which tiie most of
them were not members, that was appointed to supe-
rintend elections then and there to be held, liiat set
of credentials which he had made and which the former
committee had ordered him to sign and deliver to said
Delegates. The chairman asked the commillcc whether
it was their pleasure that he should give said credentials
to said Delegates, and proceed to the choice of a Conti-
gental Delegate or not, which was by the house rejected
for several reasons ; and that then the house was formed
to order and proceeded to business. Then a motion was
made by Robert Boyd, Junr. viz. He moved that the sense
of this committee be taken whether or no it is their opi-
200
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
nion that the people at large proceed to the choice of a
Continental Delegate, was carried in the negative. Fur-
ther, he moved that the sense of this committee be taken
whether it is their opinion that the people at large now
assembled, be desired to instruct tlieir county Delegates
for Provincial Congress, relative to the choice of a Con-
tinental Delegate, was carried in the affirmative. Then
two members was appointed to take the sense of the peo-
ple then and there assembled, which they did, and the
majority of the people agreed that they should instruct
their Provincial Delegates concerning the choice of a Con-
tinental Delegate, and unanimously agreed that George
Clinton should be by them recommended and choose in
Provincial Congress for a Continental Delegate, if it laid
in their power. Upon this, credentials was to be drawn
with instructions thereon, for which purpose a sub-com-
mittee was chosen to draw said credentials. After the
credentials were made by said committee, they were ap-
proved of by the people at large with the committee, and
ordered to be signed by the chairman and to be delivered
to the Deputies, which said credentials he did sign.
CORNLS. SCHOONMAKER.
I do perfectly agree with Mr. Schoonmaker in what he
hath related from the 25th of April last ; what was trans-
acted before on the ICih. I was not present at.
Witness my hand.
JOHN ROBINSON.
[Letter from Ulster Committee, informing that Colo. Nicholls refuses
to let them have the powder, pursuant to the order of Congress.]
In County Committee, >
New-Paltz, lith June, 1776. J
Gentlemen — In consequence of an order from the
Honourable Provincial Congress (the date of which we
can not now refer to, it being in the hands of Colo. Har-
denbergh, our late chairman) for receiving half a ton of
powder from the commanding officer at Fort Constitution,
for the use of this county, application was accordingly
made to Colo. Nicholls ; who gave for answer, that he
had no powder to spare, and if he had, he could not de-
liver any to our order, as he had no orders from Congress
for that purpose. We are at a loss to judge what can be
the reason for this conduct, unless, through hurry of bu-
siness, the Honourable Congress has forgot to give the ne-
cessary orders. We must now inform your Honourable
Board, that the good people of this county are very un-
easy and in a distressed situation for want of that article,
yet would be more particularly so should any disturbances
break out on our frontiers. We therefore request, that
instead of half a ton, as before mentioned, the Honourable
Congress will be pleased to order them fifteen hundred or
two thousand weight, if it can be spared consistent with
the public safety.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most odedient very humble servants.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, June. Chairman.
[Letter from Abm. Yates, Junr. acknowledging the receipt of a resolve
for raising a detachment of militia ]
Albany Committee Chamber, ?
nth June, 1776. J
Gentlemen — We have received your resolve of 13th
June. You may be assured that this committee will exert
themselves, to comply with the same, to the utmost in
their powers.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obt. humb. servts.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress,
New-York.
[Request of Gloucester Committee for blank commissioiu.]
May 29th, 1776.
These may inform your Honours that there are wanted
the following commissions to regulate the militia for the
county of Gloucester, viz. ten captains, thirteen lieute-
nants, ten ensigns ; to regulate the minute men, three
captains, six lieutenants, three ensigns ; to be sent in
blanks.
JACOB KENT, President.
Peter Olcott, Clerk.
To the Honourable Committee for the
Province of New- York,
[Letter from Lieut. Colo. Henry B. Livingston, informing that Capt.
Childs has a company at the fort, and that he is an industrious
officer. ]
Fort Constitution, lAth June, 1776.
Gentlemen — The bearer. Captain Childs, has enlisted
and delivered the number of men you gentlemen were
pleased, on the 8th of May last, to resolve should entitle
him to a captaincy. Though not exactly within the limited
time, yet, in justice to him, I can not help observing to
you gentlemen, that during his short stay here he has re-
commended himself by an industrious application to his
duly as an officer, and in my humble opinion, with defe-
rence to your superior judgements, has rendered himself
worthy of your approbation ; and with respect to his sub-
alterns, I must say they have given me no cause of com-
plaint.
I remain, gentlemen.
Your most obt. humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Lt. Col.
[Letter from John Hancock, £sqr. enclosing one resolution of Con-
gress, prohibiting the exportation of salted beef and pork; another,
for detecting disaffected persons. ]
Philadelphia, 15th June, 1776.
Gentlemen — Since my last, I have nothing in charge
from Congress to communicate to you, except the en-
closed resolve prohibiting the exportation of salted beef
and pork, which I request you will please to order to be
published in your seveial newspapers.
I am, with much respect, gentlemen,
Your very humb. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
P. S. You have also, enclosed, a resolution of Con-
gress, respecting the disaffected persons in yoiu Colony,
to which I beg leave to call your attention.
Honourable Convention of New- York.
[Resolution of Congress for detecting disaffected persons.]
In Congress, June 14/A, 1776.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the Convention
of the Colony of New-York, to make effectual provision
for detecting, restraining and punishing disaffected and
dangerous persons in that Colony ; and to prevent all per-
sons from having any intercourse or correspondence with
the enemy ; and that General Washington afford his aid
therein when necessary.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[Resolve of Congress prohibiting exportation of salted beef and pork.]
In Congress, June 14th, 1776.
Whereas it has been represented to this Congress that
great quantities of salted beef and pork have been pur-
chased for exportation, which if not restrained may render
the supplies of the army difficult and uncertain.
Resolved, therefore, That no salted beef or pork, except
as much as may be necessary for the use of the crew, be
exported from any of the United Colonies in any vessel,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
201
under any pretence whatever, until the further order of
this Congress.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[A recommendation of Col. Jacob Bayley for a Brigadier-General, and
Simon Stephens for Brigade-Major.]
Windsor, May 22d, 1776.
Agreeably to the order of the Honourable Provincial
Congress of New- York, the committees of safety for the
counties of Cumberland and Gloucester, appointed a com-
mittee of three out of the committees of safety of each
county for a committee to nominate a brigadier-general and
a brigade-major ; in consequence of which the committee
so chosen, previously notified the committee of Charlotte
county, by a letter directed to the chairman thereof, of the
time and place of meeting, but had no return.
Your Hons, obedient and humb. servt.
JOEL MATTHEWS.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
At a meeting of the committees of the counties of Cum-
berland and Gloucester, appointed to nominate a brigadier-
general and a brigade-major, at Windsor, on Wednesday
the 22d day of May, 1776, made choice of Col. Joseph
Marsh, chairman, and Major Joel Matthews, clerk.
Then proceeded and made choice of Col. Jacob Bayley,
brigadier-general, and Simon Stevens, Esqr., brigade-
major, of said counties.
Voted that the return of the above nomination be sent by
Col. Marsh, (to the Honourable Provincial Congress,)
who is authorized to represent this committee at Congress.
By order.
JOSEPH MARSH, Chairman.
A true copy from the minutes.
Attest. Joel Matthews, Clerk.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Isaac Ketchum to Mr. Jay.l
June 8th, 1776.
Sir — I have last night received intelligence from Israel
Y. that he hath discovered a plan, from where he did not
expect, and time it was guarded against. He is not willing
to explain it to any person but your Honour. Sir, as to my
own liberty, I think I have clearly earned it, and well deserve
it ; though I should wait with more patience if I could be
of any use to the public. But at present I am not used
according to my expectation, but hope the first order that
comes from this Honourable House I shall have a dis-
charge.
From yours to serve,
ISAAC KETCHUM.
P. S. Sir, I must beg a word or two from you in Con-
gress for my relief.
[Letter to the committee of New-Windsor.]
In Congress, New-York, June 14lh, 1776.
Gentlemen — We received yours of the 3 1st ultimo,
which should have been answered before, but more weighty
and urgent business took up the time of this House. We
approve your sending Isaac De Milt to this city.
The resolve for disarming suspected persons, extends
to the Province at large, and has been sent into your
county.
As to persons who act contrary to the resolves, limiting
the price of tea to six shillings per lb. we make no doubt
but you will act spiritedly against all such as sli<ill be con-
victed of that offence, Capt. Jonathan Lawrence, with all
the commissioners at the fort, are discharged from their
superintendency. We are supriscd at his conduct, and
make no doubt you will treat him, and all olhers, according
to their demerits, after a fair hearing. We recommend
[Vol. II.] 51
your zeal for the public service in this critical and trying
hour.
From, gentlemen,
Your most humble servt.
To the Committee of New-Windsor,
in Ulster county.
[A letter from John W. Livingston.]
New Jail, lAlh June, 1776.
Gentemen — I am ready to comply with the orders of
your House, and beg to be released from my imprison-
ment.
I am, gentlemen.
Your very hum. servt.
JOHN W. LIVINGSTON.
The Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Brigadier-Genl. Greene, asking permission for his brother
to be inoculated for the smallpox.]
Camp on Long island, June lAth, 1776.
Sir — I have a brother here from Rhode Island, (Mr.
Jacob Greene,) that has an inclination to have the small-
pox by inoculation. He is much exposed often in the
execution of the public business. He proposes to go upon
the Hospital island, and there be inoculated, and stay till
he is properly cleansed.
If the Congress can grant him this favour without injur-
ing the public, shall esteem it a peculiar kindness.
My brother also wants to purchase a few small cannon
for a privateer ; he begs the Congress's permission for the
same. The proprietors of the cannon think it necessary
to obtain your consent before they dispose of them, not-
withstanding they are private property. You will be kind
enough to favour me with the resolutions of the Congress
upon the above requests, which will oblige
Your most obedient humble servt.
NATHANIEL GREENE.
To Nath, Woodhull, President of the Congress.
[Letter from John Hancock, stating that from the best information he
can obtain, General Howe wiU attack New-York in ten days.]
Philadelphia, June 11th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Congress have this day received ad-
vices, and are fully convinced, that it is the design of
Genl. Howe to make an attack upon the city of New- York
as soon as possible. The attack they have reason to be-
lieve will be made within ten days. I am therefore most
earnestly to request you, by order of Congress, lo call forth
your militia, as requested in my letter of the 4th instant,
and to forward them with all despatch to the city of New-
York ; and that you direct them to march in companies,
or in any other way, that will hasten their arrival there.
The important day is at hand, that will decide, not only
the fate of the city of New-York, but in all probability of
the whole Province. On such an occasion, there is no ne-
cessity to use arguments with Americans. Their feelings,
I well know, will prompt them to their duty, and the sa-
credness of the cause, will urge them to the field.
The greatest exertions of vigour and expedition are
requisite to prevent our enemies from getting possession of
that town. I must therefore again most earnestly request
you, in the name and by the authority of Congress, to send
forward the militia, agreeably to the requisition of Con-
gress, and that you will do it, with all the despatch which
the infinite importance of the cause demands.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Preside.
The Honble. Convention of New-York.
In Congress, June lUh, 1776.
Resolved, That letters be immedialely wrote by the
President, and sent by express lo the several Colonies, who
202
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
are to furnish militia for the defence of New- York, ac-
quainting them with the necessity of forwarding their sup-
plies with all possible despatch.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[Letter from Jno. Hancock, requesting that the troops of the middle
Colonies shall henceforth have the same pay as those of the eastern
Colonies.]
Philadelphia, June 11th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your favour by Mr. Gouverneur Morris, I
had the pleasure of receiving yesterday, and ioimcdiately
laid the same before Congress.
By the enclosed resolve, which I am commanded to
transmit, you will perceive they have come to a resolu-
tion that the pay of the troops in the middle and eastern
departments, shall hereafter be the same.
Although it is much to be wished that the pay of the
eastern troops could have been reduced, yet as that mea-
sure would naturally give great and general disgust, and
might be attended with the worst consequences in our pre-
sent situation, the Congress choose rather to insure the
pay of the other troops than to run the risk, of breaking
up the eastern army.
Every state or government should punctually perform
the terms of enlistment on which the soldier enters into
service. In this view of the matter, it would have been
neither honourable nor equitable to have abridged the pay
of the eastern troops. Nor can any reason be urged why
the other troops, who do the same duty, and are exposed
to the same dangers, should not also receive the same pay.
The particular mode of enlisting the Pennsylvania and
York troops, originated with their and your Delegates ; and
as they moved it, Congress could not but gratify them.
I am extremely happy that any part of my conduct
should meet with the approbation of the Convention of
New-York. I seek only to do my duty, but find an ad-
ditional pleasure, if, in the discharge of it, I merit the
praise of the worthy and the good.
I have the honour to be, with respect,
Gentlemen, your most obedt.
And very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Honble. Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Washington.]
Head-Quarters, 13th June, 1776.
Sir — I am informed that a number of persons on Long-
island (by character not the most friendly to the cause of
the United Colonies,) have in their hands considerable
quantities of pork and other provisions, which they refuse
to part with for Continental bills. They may have other
reasons for their conduct still more detrimental; and there-
fore I must beg the interposition of your Congress in this
matter, so as to prevent the evils which are much to be
apprehended. The Commissary-General will purchase all
their provisions at good prices, and give them Continental
bills in pay. Gold and silver he has none. The provi-
sions are wanted for the army, and those who are well
wishers to the cause, and live in exposed situations will,
undoubtedly, be glad to dispose of them. The disadvan-
tages which may result to the public by leaving them in
the hands of men of a different complexion, are too obvi-
ous to need animadversion.
I have had your report respecting the obstructions of
the navigation of the Hudson's river, under consideration,
and am pursuing measures to carry it into execution, with
all possible despatch. With great respect, I remain.
Sir, your most obedt. humbl. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON,
To the Honble. the President of the
New- York Congress.
[A letter from the General Committee of New- York.]
In Committee Chamueb, >
New-York, I3lh June, 1776. J
The General Committee of the city and county, request
the favour of the Honble. Provincial Congress, to permit
them a sight of their minute book or journal, since the
second Tuesday in May last, which shall be safely return-
ed in a few minutes. The Congress, if necessary, will
be pleased to send the same by a messenger from their
own body, who will have it in his power to prevent the
Committee from seeing such minutes as the Congress may
think proper to conceal.
By order of the Committee.
ROBT, HARPUR, Depy. Chairman.
To the Honble. the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New-York,
[Letter from Govr. Trumbull, of Connecticut, stating that Isaac Sears,
one of the Members of Congress, was the man who plundered Ili-
vington of his types.]
Hartford, lOtk June, 1776.
Sir — I received your letter of the 14th December ulti
mo, and paid a particular regard to the contents, but the
subject matter being of public concern, by the usage and
custom of this Colony, I was not warranted to give an an-
swer before the same was laid before the General Assem-
bly, which was soon after to convene. When the Assem-
bly met I early laid your two letters before them. They
appointed a committee to take into consideration the sub-
ject matter of your letters, who never made report until
near the close of the Assembly, and in the hurry and mul-
tiplicity of important business then crowding, their report
was passed over without the Assembly making any resolve
thereon. On my return home I found the unhappy omis-
sion ; but as the Assembly had the matter under considera-
tion, I could not with propriety make any answer thereto ;
therefore, of necessity, it was delayed till the sitting of
this Assembly. And can, gentlemen, give you the strong-
est assurance that the delay in answering these letters was
not from any disregard to your respectable body, nor for
want of inclination to cultivate the utmost harmony be-
tween this and the Province you represent ; and you may
be assured nothing shall be wanting on our part to restore
and effect the same. Your candour in imputing the intru-
sion of a number of our people into your capitol (in the
manner they did) to an imprudent though well intended
zeal for the public cause, gives me real pleasure and can
give you the strongest assurance that this Colony by no
means approve their conduct ; yet a severe censure at this
time upon them in this unhappy and enervated state of go-
vernment, might be attended with such inconveniences as
you will readily apprehend, and would be needless for me
to point out ; and which I dare say will suggest to you at
once a satisfactory excuse for our not taking such measures
as might have been expected in times of peace and quiet,
though in such happy seasons, the proper resort for the
private injury must have been to the courts of law, which
are the only jurisdiction who can legally take notice of vio-
lences of this kind. As to the public insult, you candidly
extenuate, by saying that it was noonday, not in darkness
of night, which would be accompanied with terror, though
we by no means approve or justify the people of this Co-
lony taking any part therein ; but the same candour you
have expressed in your letter, I presume will induce you
to view the matter, so far as it respects this Colony or any
of our people being concerned therein, in a still more fa
vourable light, when you reflect that the head or leader in
the whole transaction was a respectable member of your
city and Congress, who we consider as the proper person
to whom the whole transaction is imputable, and who be-
longs and is amenable to your jurisdiction alone, and, there-
fore, the affair can not be considered as an intrusion of our
people into your Province, but as a violence or disorder
happening among yourselves, and not an intrusion from
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
203
another Colony ; and you have the power to compel the
gentleman we point out to return and restore that property
which was taken away, by such methods as you think most
proper. Care was taken that the person of Mr. Seabury,
who was brought into this Colony, was released and set at
liberty.
Your desire signified to us to prevent any of the people
of this Colony from entering into yours for the like purpo-
ses, unless invited by your Provincial Congress or Com-
mittees, we esteem very reasonable, and you may rely
upon it we do and shall discountenance and endeavour to
prevent any such like incursions. The approbation you
express in your other letter of the same date, of our peo-
ple, on request affording you their assistance in West-
chester county, and which came to hand at the same time,
gives us much pleasure, and shall be ready at all times to
afford every friendly aid. We hope what is said on the sub-
ject of your letter will prove satisfactory both as to the mat-
ter and the occasion of delay in not sooner giving you an
answer. And we hope every jealousy may be removed,
and the most friendly harmony and intercourse may be re-
newed and kept up between this Assembly and your Pro-
vincial Congress, and with whom we sincerely wish to
hold the most free and amicable correspondence, especially
at this time of common danger and oppression.
And am with esteem and regard, sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Honourable Nathl. Woodhull.
{Letter from Albany Committee, informing that the Indians are coming
against us, and requesting some powder.]
Albany Committee Chamber, )
8th June, 1776. S
Sir — We have this moment received from the Mohawk
river an account of an intended invasion on our frontiers ;
(a copy of this information we herewith enclose you.) In
consequence whereof the militia of Schenectady, together
with the militia of the county of Tryon, are ordered to
march immediately to the westward. But our apprehen-
sions are considerably increased by the reflection that the
whole county of Albany has only a supply of one ton and
the county of Tryon of a quarter of a ton of powder, a
quantity scarce sufficient to give ten rounds to each man.
We are therefore obliged to press you in the most earnest
manner to give us a farther supply of ammunition, without
which it may be dreaded that we shall be obliged to give
up our frontiers for want of the necessary means of defence.
We are, sir.
Your most hum, servts.
By order.
ABM. YATES, Junr. Chairman.
To Nathl. Woodhull, Esqr.
President of the Provincial Congress, New-York.
Extract of a Letter of Colo. Frederick Billinger, of the
German Flatts, dated 1th June, 1776.
Gentlemen — This minute an express came from one
of our best Indians, with the news that a great number of
the far Indians arrived at Oneida, and being on their march
down, so we sent an express yesterday to the commanding
officer at Johnstown with the news which we got yester-
day from Fort Stanwix, but we could get no assistance ;
so therefore the necessity requires that you will come up
with your regiment immediately to meet them without
delay, or we shall all be slaughtered ; and send the orders
to the ne.xt regiment with speed.
Gentlemen, I am your humb. servt.
FREDERICK BILLINGER.
To Fbederick Fisher, colonel, Mohawk district.
[Letter from Col. Ritzema, requesting thirty muskets which the Com-
mittee of Jamaica had purchased.]
Sunday morning.
Sir — Capt. Riker informs me that Mr. Joseph Robinson
acquainted him last Sunday that he could furnish him with
about thirty muskets ; so an order was obtained from Con-
gress to the committee of Jamaica, to deliver them to the
captain. The wretched situation of my regiment for the
want of arms, has rendered it necessary for me to embrace
every opportunity to procure them. I shall be glad there-
fore of an order to the committee of Jamaica to deliver
these arms to Capt. Riker, and that he be directed to have
them repaired and put in order at Newtown.
I am, sir, your very humble servt.
RUD. RITZEMA.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Safety
for the Province of New-York.
[The City Committee of New-York recommend Wm. Leary to be Col.
Lett's second major.]
Committee Chamber, ?
Netv-York, June 3d, 1776. J
Col. Abraham Lott having acquainted the committee
that Mr. John Reade, formerly elected by their body a
second major to the regiment of New-York militia of which
he is colonel, has dechned serving, at the same time re-
commending Mr. William Leary to supply his place.
The committee resolved unanimously that Mr. Wm.
Leary be recommended to the Congress for the commis-
sion of 2nd major of Col. Lott's regiment.
Extract from the minutes.
JOSH. WINTER, Secy.
[A request of the New-York Committee that a resolve may be passed
forbidding persons choosing gold or silver in preference to Continen-
tal money.]
Committee Chamber, )
New-York, May 25, 1776. 3
Upon motion,
Resolved, That the Provincial Congress be requested,
by this committee, to publish an order from their Honour-
able House that no person or persons in this Colony shall
presume to ask silver or gold in preference to the Conti-
nental bills of credit or the bills of credit emitted by this
Colony, unless by authority previously obtained from Con-
gress.
Extract from the minutes.
JOSH. WINTER, Secy.
[Letter from Commissary Trumbull.]
Gentlemen — I am directed by His Excellency Genl.
Washington, to apply to you, informing that he under-
stands that considerable quantities of salted pork are ship-
ping from this city and Colony to different foreign ports
and places, and that he is apprehensive, that the great aug-
mentation of troops to be made here and in Canada, will
require all the pork in this and the neighbouring Colonies
for their subsistence during this campaign, until new pork
comes in, and therefore requests your interposition, to
put a stop to such exportation in such maimer as to you
shall appear most proper, to prevent the want of provi-
sions for subsisting the troops employed in the necessary
defence of our just rights and liberties.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JOS. TRUMBULL,
Commissary of stores and provisions.
To the Honble. the Colonial Compress
of New- York.
[Capt. Thos. Harriot's appeal, and the proceedings of the General
Committee of New-York.]
Committee CnAMHER, ?
New-York, May'Mth, 1776. J
Mr. Jacob Le Roy attending at the door, was admitted.
204
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
He informed llie committee, that some time ago, he ten-
dered a sunn of money, consisting of Continental bills, to
Mr. Thomas Harriot, and that he refused to receive the
same.
Resolved, That the consideration of Mr. Le Roy's com-
plaint be deferred until Tuesday next.
Tuesday, May 28th, 1776.
Mr. Jacob Le Roy again attending this commillee upon
his complaint against Thomas Harriot, says, that he wail-
ed upon Mr. Harriot at Jannaica, in order to pay him a sum
of money in Continental bills. Mr. Harriot asked him
how much other money there was ; that the examinant
told him no other ; Mr. Harriot then replied he would take
no such money. The examinant further declared, that
previous to this, he tendered Mr. Harriot the money, and
that Harriot told him he would receive no such sum in
Continental money. That his friends would blame him
for receiving it. To which Mr. Le Roy answered, he had
nothing to do with his friends.
Mr. Harriot being brought before the committee, ac-
knowledged that Mr. Le Roy tendered him a sum of mo-
ney, consisting of Continental bills, and that he refused
to receive it until he could place it at interest ; but that
he would have received it had it been gold or York money.
The committee taking the above matters into considera-
tion, thereupon
Resolved, That Thomas Harriot has violated the reso-
lution of Congress in refusing to receive the Conlinenlal
bills in payment, and that he be held up to the public as
an enemy to his country.
Tuesday, June 4th, 1776.
Mr. Jacob Le Roy acquainted the Chairman that he
had again tendered Thomas Harriot Conlinenlal currency,
which he still refuses to receive, alleging that he had ap-
pealed to Congress, and would abide by their determina-
tion.
Resolved and Ordered, That an extract of the minutes
of this committee relating to Mr. Harriot's case be hand-
ed to Congress.
Extract from the minutes.
JOSH. WINTER, Secretary.
Capt. Thomas Harriot being called before the commit-
tee, was duly convicted of having refused to receive in
payment the Continental bills, and slill persists in refusing
the same, and further said he would appeal to ihe Provin-
cial Congress, but refused to give security for his answer-
ing to the said appeal, though a gentleman present offered
his services to him on that account ; and the said Harriot
added, he did not care whether he was held up or not to
the people as an enemy to his country. And when he was
informed of the disagreeable circumstances he might bring
himself into by his conduct, that he hoped or expected he
would be provided for. The Committee conceiving the
said Thomas Harriot to be a dangerous person, do request
that the Provincial Congress may acquaint them if they
think he ought to be suffeied to go at large, as he is now
in the custody of the guard.
Extract from the minutes.
JOSH. WINTER, Secretary.
New- York Committee Chamber, >
10th June, 1776. J
Ordered, That Captain Johnson and Mr. Campbel, do
attend the Congress in order to vindicate ihe decision of
the General Committee in the case of Capt. Thomas Har-
riot, relative to his refusal of the Continental bills of cre-
dit in payment, after being legally tendered to him by Mr.
Jacob Le Roy, merchant of this city.
ROBT. HARPUR, Depy. Chairman.
[Genl. Washington's answer to the resolution thanking; him for hit
services and attention paid to the civil authority.]
Gentlemen — I am extremely obliged for the high sense
you entertain of my services, and for your promise of
every possible assistance in the discharge of my important
duty.
You may rest assured, that my attention to the interest
and happiness of this Colony, shall not be wanting, nor
my regard to its civil authority remitted, whilst I am ho-
noured with the command I now hold.
[Letter from Ezekiel Hawley, chairman of Salem committee, West-
chester county.]
June the 5th, 1776.
The committee of Salem, in Westchester county, have
the unhappiness of having a large number of the inhabit-
anls very much opposed to the measures of the United Co-
lonies, and numbers of them are determined not to comply
with nor adopt the doings of the Congress, which makes a
great deal of trouble for said committee. Said committee
has advertised some, obliged others to give bonds, some of
one or two hundred pounds, some of whom have forfeited
their bonds and run off, and have made considerable cost ;
one in particular in sending after him. We desire to know
what shall be done with the forfeitures, and likewise how
to proceed in taking of it, and how to turn it into money if
taken in stock or whatever else, or whether or not the
Congress will take the forfeitures and pay the cost. We
desire you would give us some rules and directions how to
proceed ; and as to those men who still behave inimical,
and put the committee to so much trouble, whether or not
we shall take costs of them to pay us what is reasonable
for our time, for we grow weary of being called together
to deal with lories. That has been our whole business
ever since we have been formed as a committee. It has
cost me not less than 600 miles riding ; and I believe, at a
moderate guess, twenty or thirty dollars in cash, &c. I
never expected pay, but I find I cannot live so ; and if the
lories make all the trouble, why ought they not pay all the
cost ? Gentlemen, we only want orders from you to take
it. We have sent Mr. Benjn. Chapman (one of the mem-
bers of this committee,) to you, praying of you to send us
some directions on this important affair.
By order of the committee.
EZEKIEL HAWLEY, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
[Letter to John Hancock, Esq. President of Congress.]
In Provincial Congress, )
New-York, June 7, 1776, \
Sir — Your letter of the 4lh day of June instant, en-
closing certain important resolves of the Honourable the
Continental Congress of the 1st, 3d, and 4lh instant, was
delivered to me this morning, and immediately communi-
cated to the Convention of this Colony.
They have directed me to present to the Congress their
warmest acknowledgements, for the unwearied attention
they have paid to the welfare and happiness of the United
Colonies, and to assure them that this Colony will most
cheerfully endeavour to comply with all their requisitions.
Persuaded that the pay allowed to the eastern army du-
ring the last campaign was unreasonably high, this Con-
vention received great satisfaction from the measures taken
by the Congress, (as they supposed) with a view to reduce
it. The inferior allowance of pay given to the troops
raised in this Colony, and those of New-Jersey, Pennsyl-
vania, and the lower counties, was considered as a prece-
dent which would soon become general ; and it was ex-
pected that the patriotism and laudable pride of the other
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
205
Colonies, would not long permit them to accept higher .
wages than their neighbours, for fighting in the same glori-
ous cause, and for the attainment of the same great and
valuable objects.
This Convention are most sensibly affected by the con-
tinuance of that discrimination, and though ready to consent
to a still greater reduction of pay, provided it be general,
yet a due regard to the honour of this Colony will no longer
permit them, by a silent acquiescence in so odious a dis-
crimination, to give posterity reason to conclude that it was
established on just and proper principles.
This Convention readily coniesses the merit of the eas-
tern forces, but have as yet no reason to believe it exceeds
that of the troops raised in the other Colonies, and there-
fore claim of the Congress as a matter of justice, that they
be put on one general footing. It would neither be wise
or honest to conceal from the Congress the discontents that
have arisen from the continuance of this invidious distinc-
tion. They are too great and too general not to injure the
service, and therefore merit the notice and attention of
those who alone can remove them.
By this unfortunate circumstance, the levies of this
Colony have been and in all probability will continue to be
retarded, and there is now, a great number of the inhabit-
ants of this Colony (invited by higher pay) actually bearing
arms in the New-England regiments.
The resolves received this morning have been considered,
and a committee appointed to ascertain the quotas of men
to be furnished by the different counties in order to com-
plete the number required of this Colony, which commit-
tee hath made report on that subject, and the said report
been considered and agreed to ; but it appears from
those resolves, that although large detachments from the
militia of several other Colonies are also required for the
service, yet there is an utter silence as to the quantum of
pay to be allowed them. This Convention being unable
further to proceed in this business, are under the necessity
of ordering one of their members, Mr. Gouverneur Morris,
to repair immediately to Philadelphia in order to obtain
from the Congress information on that head, and whether
the same difference of wages now unhappily subsisting be-
tween the regular troops, is to be extended to the militia
of the several Colonies ; should that be the case, this
Colony will be exceedingly embarrassed, for while the re-
gard due to its honour is suffered to clash with the regard
due to the general cause, there is reason to fear its exer-
tions will be feeble, and the harmony and mutual confi-
dence of the Colonies probably diminished.
The Convention therefore earnestly request the favour of
the Congress speedily to dismiss Mr. Morris ; they being
very desirous of forming their regiments of militia without
delay.
I am directed, sir, by the Convention, to return you their
thanks for your polite letter, and to assure you that they
consider the remarks and exhortations contained in it as
additional proofs of that zeal which you have ever mani-
fested for the American cause.
I have the honor to be, sir,
Your most obedient and
Very humble servant,
By order.
NATHL. WOODHULL, Presidt.
The Honourable John Hancock,
President of the Continental Congress.
[A mittimus for John Livingston, Junr.]
June Glh, 1776.
Whereas John Livingston, Junr. an inhabitant of the
city of New-York, having been ordered by the committee
of Jamaica to repair to the said city pursuant to a resolu-
tion of the late Provincial Congress for that purpose, or
produce a furlough from a field officer of the regiment to
which he belonged, and not producing any such furlough
to the said committee, was sent under a guard to the Con-
[VoL. II.] 52
gross; and whereas the said John Livingston, Junr. on
being examined by this Congress, confesses that at the
time he was called upon as aforesaid by the said commit-
tee, he had a furlough from a field officer of the regiment
to which he belonged, but did not produce it.
Resolved, That the said John Livingston, Junr. has
treated the said committee of Jamaica with contempt, and
that they did right in sending him to the Congress in man-
ner aforesaid, and, therefore, thatthe said John Livingston,
ought humbly to ask pardon of the said committee for his
said offence, and to pay all the expenses incurred by his
being sent down as aforesaid ; and that on his giving his
parol of honour to this Congress, to execute and perform
this resolution, he be discharged.
Whereupon the said John Livingston, Junr. was called
into Congress, and the aforegoing resolution being read to
him, and he being asked whether he would perform what
is required of him in the said resolution, he answered that
he would perform such part of the said resolution as re-
lates to paying the expenses incurred by his being sent
down as aforesaid, but that he would not ask pardon of the
said committee. Therefore,
Resolved, That the said John Livingston, Junr. be com-
mitted to close custody. And,
Ordered, That the officer, in whose custody the said
John Livingston, Junr. now is, be requested safely to con-
vey the said John Livingston, Junr. to the jail in this city,
and deliver him up to Daniel Goldsmith, jailer, who is
hereby directed and required to keep him in close custody
until the further order of this Congress.
[ Jno. Livingston, Junr.'s furlough produced on his examination.]
June 6th, 1776.
The bearer hereof, Mr. John Livingston, Junr. belong-
ing to Capt. Van Duersen's company of the first regiment
of the city militia of New-York, has leave of absence from
his corps for eight days from the date hereof, but is to
return immediately upon an alarm or invasion of this place,
ANTHONY L. BLEECKER.
Major to the first regiment of the city militia
of New-York.
[A letter from Capt. Rogers of the armed sloop Montgomerie.]
Little Egg-Harbor, on board the sloop Montgomerie \
May 22d, 1776. J
Gentlemen — We yesterday put in here to wood and
fill up our water, which we are now about, and shall sail
again to-morrow, wind and weather permitting. On the 5th
instant we brought too a schooner, Capt. Caysy, from Salt
Tudeas, bound for Rhode Island, who informed me that
on the 1st of May in latitude 36° SO'' longitude 71°, he
saw eight sail of ships standing to the northward, but what
they were he could not tell. The 6th of May we was crui-
sing off Montock, we saw a sail in the offing and gave chase,
she stood from us ; the day being thick and hazy ; that
wc came in about a league of her ; then we discovered
that although she seemed to be running from us with top-
gallant sails set, her courses were hauled up and slay sails
all down ; the weather clearing a little off we saw she was
a ship of war, we then gave over chase and hove too, as
we was between her and the land ; but no sooner she saw
that we gave over chase, she gave chase to us, and followed
us round Montock. We hauled close a board of a reef
that lays within Montock, she then gave over chase and
stood out again. From a Block island fishing boat that I
spoke, I was informed that there was a ship of 28 guns,
and a brig of 14 guns a cruising off there, that llicy had
been on siiore on the island and filled water about the 20lh
or 21st of April. We liave not been into any of the inlets
on the back of Long island, but we sounded one with the
boat, and found 13 foot water over the bar at about half
ebb. The ISlh we were oflT Sandy Hook, see but 2 ships
in the bay ; they did not send any thing out after us, which
206
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
wc expected they would. I expected to find the schooner
Putnam on this coast, but have not seen or heard any thing
of her. We have not saw a sail of any kind since we left
cruising off Montock, but the ships we see in at Sandy-
Hook. When we go out again I expect to cruise towards
Cape May : our ship's company is all well and hearty.
And I remain, gentlemen,
Your most obdt. humble servt.
WILLIAM ROGERS.
To the Provincial Congress of the
city of New-York or Committee of Safety.
[Letter from Edmd. Pendleton, President of the Virginia Convention,
enclosing resolves relative to independence. J
Virgiiiia, May 22d, 1776.
I am honoured with the commands of the general Con-
vention of this Colony, to transmit you the enclosed reso-
lutions, which they have thought it indispensably neces-
sary to enter into at this important crisis, requesting you
will communicate their contents to the Conveniion of your
country for their consideration.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedt. servant.
EDMD. PENDLETON, Presidl.
Honble. the President of the
Conveniion of New-York.
[Resolves of the Virginia Convention relative to independence.]
In Convention, )
Wednesday, May Iblh, 1776. ^
Present — 112 Nembers.
Forasmuch as all the endeavours of the United Colonies,
by the most decent representations and petitions to the
King and Parliament of Great Britain, to restore peace
and security to America, under the British Government,
and a reunion with that people upon just and liberal terms,
instead of a redress of grievances, have produced from an
imperious and vindictive administration, increased insult,
oppression, and a vigorous attempt to eflfect our total de-
struction. By a late act, all these Colonies are declared
to be in rebellion, and out of the protection of the British
Crown ; our properties subjected to confiscation ; our peo-
ple when captivated, compelled to join in the murder and
plunder of their relations and countrymen, and all former
rapine and oppression of Americans declared legal and
just. Fleets and armies are raised, and the aid of foreign
troops are engaged to assist those destructive purposes.
The King's representatives in this Colony hath not only
withheld all the powers of government from operating for
our safely, but having retired on board an armed ship, is
carrying on a piratical and savage war against us, tempting
our slaves by every artifice, to resort to him, and training
and employing them against their masters. In this state
of extreme danger, we have no alternative left but an abject
submission to the will of those overbearing tyrants, or a
total separation from the Crown and Government of Great
Britain, uniting and exerting the strength of all America
for defence, and forming alliances with foreign powers for
commerce and aid in war. Wherefore, appealing to the
Searcher of hearts for the sincerity of former declarations,
expressing our desire to preserve the connection with that
nation, and that we are driven from that inclination by their
wicked councils, and the eternal laws of self-preservation,
Resolved unanimously, That the Delegates appointed to
represent this Colony in General Congress, be instructed
to propose to that respectable body to declare the United
Colonies free and independent States, absolved from all
allegiance to, or dependence upon, the Crown or Parlia-
ment of Great Britain ; and that they give the assent of
this Colony to such declaration, and to whatever measures
may be thought proper and necessary by the Congress for
forming foreign alliances, and a confederation of the Colo-
nies, at such time, and in the manner as to them shall
seem best, provided that the power of forming government
for, and the regulations of the internal concerns of each
Colony, be left to the respective Colonial Legislatures.
Resolved unanimouslij, That a committee be appointed
to prepare a declaration of rights and such a plan of go-
vernment as will be most likely to maintain peace and order
in this Colony, and secure substantial and equal liberty to
the people.
EDWD. PENDLETON, Prest.
[Letter from Abm. Livingston to Col. McDougall, informing him that
Mrs. Hill and Mrs. Hatch are carrying on a correspondence with the
Governor's ship.]
Calender, L. Island, 4th June, 1776.
Sir — I have just discovered a criminal correspondence
with a person on board the Duchess of Gordon. One Mrs.
Hatch, formerly the Governor's housekeeper, is a person
who has a principal agency in this affair ; she resides in
New-York, and it is thought necessary that she should be
secured until morning, when I will go to New-York and
relate the whole affair. One Mrs. Hill, whose husband is on
board the Duchess, resides near me, and is also a princi-
pal in this villainy. Genl. Greene will immediately take
the necessary measures respecting the latter. I send this
in a great hurry to prevent the parties giving each other in-
telligence.
I am yours affectionately,
AB. LIVINGSTON.
To Col. McDougall.
[A letter from Genl. Putnam, inquiring by what authority persons
called lories are committed to hard labour at forts in the Highlands.]
Head-Qcarters, )
New-York, June 3, 1776. J
Sir — I am informed by the Earl of Stirling, who has
lately visited the fortifications on Hudson's river, in the
Highlands, that there are several persons at Fort Montgo-
mery, sent in there prisoners from the counties of West-
chester, Dutchess and Albany, by committees of certain
districts, as persons notoriously inimical to the present
measures of the United Colonies, with orders to the com-
manding officers to keep them at hard labour until further
orders ; how far such punishment, or the place of confine-
ment may be proper, I will not determine ; but as it does
not accord with any general rule or order of Congress, I
must have some doubts of the propriety of the officers of
the army carrying such an order into execution without
some higher authority, and should therefore be glad to
have the sentiments of the Congress of this Province on
this subject. A copy of the list of names of the prisoners
is enclosed. In consequence of an order of Congress, all
the militia and minute men employed in Continental pay,
were soon after the arrival of the army from Cambridge,
dismissed from that service ; however, Colo. Nicoll re-
mainl in command at Fort Constitution, on a supposition
that he has not been properly discharged by the Congress
of this Province, who employed him ; as the field oflicers
of Colo. Clinton's regiment are now ordered to that post,
this expense is become unnecessary, and therefore it will
be proper that Colo. Nicoll be informed of the sentiments
of your Congress thereon,
I am, sir.
Your most obedt. and very hum. servt.
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
The President of the Congress of New- York.
[List of tories at hard labour at fortifications in the Highlands.]
Fort Montgomery, May 31, 1776.
A list of torv prisoners now at this garrison, who were
sent here by order of Dutchess, Manor of Livingston,
East Camp, Claverack and Rynbeck precincts :
Nathaniel Finch, George Shannon, John Johnson, Den-
nis Riley, Philip Teed, Benjn. Duboys, David Close, Jo-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
207
hannes Coupar, Philip Clum, Fredk. Row, Conradt Hoff-
man, Martinus Coupar, Junr. were sent to be kept at the
laborious part of the duty at this garrison, during the plea-
sure of the abovesaid committee.
From Westchester county, Johnson of Peekskill,
Mbany May 25th, 1776.
Sir — I am so far on my return home. I have been
down as far as Sorrell. When I arrived there, I found
that there had been a report in camp that I was returned
to New-York, upon the strength of which another surgeon
was appointed to that regiment, and have got leave to re-
turn to join the regiment 1 was appointed to in New-York.
I am in a great hurry, and waiting to settle with the pay-
master, which I shall do to-morrow morning. You may
expect me in the first boat.
I am yours as usual.
HUNLOKE WOODRUFF.
To Doctor Malacht Treat, New- York.
[A letter from Thomas Harriot, stating that he is willing to give his
word and honour that he will not injure the United Colonies.]
New Jail, 1st June, 1776.
Gentlemen — I do hereby declare that I will not at any
time, do any thing prejudicial to the interests of my coun-
try, and that I never meant to do any thing injurious to this
Colony, or to the Continent in general ; and I hereby re-
quest my enlargement. If my word of honour as a gen-
tleman, should be thought necessary, or security should be
desired, I am willing to give either, that I will never take
an active part against the United Colonies, if you will be
pleased to give me my liberty.
I am, gentlemen,
Your very hum. servt.
THOS. HARRIOT.
[A letter from Colo. Wm. Allison, stating he wants money to buy salt-
petre.]
Goshen, 27th May, 1776.
Sir — After my respects, must inform you that I was
somewhat nonplussed, on my return home, to find I was
appointed with yourself a committee for superintending
saltpetre works and purchasing any saltpetre manufactured
within this Colony ; how it happened that I never heard a
word said about it while in town, I can hardly conceive,
and am ready to conclude you must have been in the same
predicament, as you never mentioned it to me. If it is a
duty actually incumbent on us to erect or set on foot any
works, I think no time ought to be lost, besides, people
are fetching in saltpetre to me and expect their cash. I
am not prepared for purchasing much. I have reason to
think there will be a considerable quantity made in this
end of the county by private families. Have bought fifty
weight of one man, who has made 70 weight in the whole,
and who made 141b. out of 3 bushels of earth. I have
heard of several considerable quantities, and expect tiiem
in every day. I wish, if it could be so ordered, you
would send me some cash without my coming down, as I
would not choose one person should go away without his
money, for, without tlie experience, you can hardly con-
ceive the injury it will do the cause among some people.
Some hints respecting the expediency of establisliing
public works and the measures pursuing by the other
committees, would be very acceptable by this post, and
cash, I think, might come safe by the same hand.
I am, in haste,
Your friend and very humble servt.
WM. ALLISON.
To John Habino, Esqr.
[Letter from Capt. James Smith, returning his commission as captain
of the sloop Schuyler.]
New-York, 31st May, 1776.
Honourable Gentlemen —
This morning, agreeably to my request, was in-
formed by Capt. Randal that I am no longer in public ser-
vice, since delivering my accounts for the sloop Schuyler
on the 1st instant ; for which reason, think it is highly ne-
cessary to enclose my late commission, of 17lh April, for
the sloop Schuyler, in order to cancel the bond for the
same.
Gentlemen, I return you my sincere thanks for all past
favours, meantime remain.
With the greatest respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servant,
JAMES SMITH.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Mr. John Williams, desiring to be excused from attend-
ing Congress.]
Queens County, Hempstead, May the 27th, 1776.
I received your letter, bearing date the 21st instant,
which requires me to give my attendance ; to which I
send you these lines desiring to be excused, as I am so
little acquainted with such business that I should be of no
service, but remain your hearty friend in the American
cause.
JOHN WILLIAMS.
To the Congress, New- York. ^
[A letter from Thomas Hicks, Esqr. informing that ill health will not
permit him to attend.]
Little Neck, QSth May, 1776.
Sir — I received yesterday an extract from the minutes
of the Congress, by which I am ordered to attend and
take my seat, or shew the cause of my neglect.
The ill state of my health, sir, and the extreme weak-
ness of my constitution render me utterly incapable of
performing the duty of a Deputy. This I hope will be
considered by the Congress as a sufficient apology for my
non-attendance.
I am, sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
THO. HICKS.
Nathl. Woor)Hiri.L, Esqr. President of the
New- York Provincial Congress.
Peekskill, Novr. 26th, 1776.
Sir — The time to wliich the several regiments of Ge-
neral Scott's brigade stand engaged, expires on Saturday
next, as does that of part of the garrison at the forts
Montgomery and Constitution, and Colonel Tashc's regi-
ment of militia from the State of New-Hampshire, which
is now at this post. I also expect that part of the other
troops here will be ordered to march southward. Should
this be the case, a pass of vast importance (and now en-
hanced by the loss of Fort Lee, and the enemy having the
entire possession of the river up to the forts) will, I think,
be mucli exposed. I tliink it my duty, therefore, to give
you this hint, that if His Excellency General Washington
has not wrote to the Honourable Convention on the sub-
ject, such measures may be adopted as the Honourable
Convention may think proper.
I think that if the several regiments, whose lime is near
expired, could be prevailed upon to continue a little longer,
it would greatly promote the service ; but of this I despair,
having been too often convinced that it is hard to persuade
them.
If any of the before mentioned troops have received
arms, accoutrements or ammunition from the State of
New-York, I submit it to you, whether it would not be
expedient to appoint some person or persons to receive
1 them from the soldiery.
208
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
1 have not received any thing lately from the southward
either particular or interesting.
1 anti, sir, with respect and esteem,
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
W. HEATH.
Honourable Pierkx Van Cobtlandt.
[Letter from General Scott.]
Haver sir aw, November 2blh, 1776
Sir — Upon some alarming accounts from Colonel Hay
of a probability that the enemy would attempt a landing
from their shipping, and of the defenceless state of the
country, as well as the danger that many well wishers
would be reduced by fear to a submission. General Heath
thought proper to send me over with my brigade. Upon
my arrival here I heard a distant firing, supposed to be at
at Acquacknock, where, I am assured, our army were de-
termined to engage the enemy this day. I am told the
firing began early this morning. I hope to be able to com
municate something agreeable to you, which, if in ray
power, I shall not fail to do by express.
The sole design of this letter is most earnestly to request
the interposition of Convention to prevent the disbanding of
my brigade on Sunday next. I have sent an express to
General Heath, with a request to send me two more regi-
ments, and a field piece or two. But what will that sue
cour avail if the service is to last only till Sunday. I hope
my request will not be imputed to interested motives, when
I assure you of my desire to serve my country one month
longer without pay. I flatter myself the officers will be
ashamed to refuse their service. If our Convention would
think proper to furnish me with a bounty for the men, I
think I can hold them. You cannot think, sir, of what in-
finite consequence it will be to this part of the country.
Without some proper support, if our troops below should
not succeed, the country below the mountains must sub-
mit to the enemy. If my views can be seconded by Con-
vention, and General Heath should comply with my requi-
sition, I flatter myself, that with the militia of the county,
numbers of which I am sure will join me, if we counte-
nance them by some suitable support, I may fall on the
rear of the enemy with two thousand men. You may ea-
sily judge, that if General Washington keeps them well
employed in front, the expedient I propose may be suc-
cessful ; at least, if I can be strengthened, I am determined
to risk it, if I should fall in the attempt. In short, sir, our
cunctandos have put me out of all patience. Let me not
forget to tell you, that thirty men were enlisted last Sun-
day into the enemy's service ; and can you think, sir, that
2,000 men marched southward from this, would not check
the growing mischief? Be pleased, sir, to make my re-
spectful compliments acceptable to Convention ; assure
them of my readiness to obey all their commands ; reward
the express, as I keep no accounts with the public, and
believe me to be, sir.
With undissembled respect and esteem.
Yours and the public's most devotedly,
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
To the President of tlie Honourable Convention,
State of New- York.
[A letter from Gen. Washington, stating that Col. Magaw has surren-
dered Fort Washington.]
Genl. Greeners Qrs. Nov. 16th. 1776.
Gentn. — I do myself the honour to transmit to you a
copy of sundry resolves of Congress, which came to hand
yesterday evening. By them you will perceive they have
entered into some new regulations respecting the enlist-
ment of the new army, and reprobating the measures
which, I presiune you have heard, have been adopted by
the State of Massachusetts Bay for raising the quota to be
furnished by them. My view in doing this, is to inform
you of their sense upon this subject, and that they will ad-
mit of no departure from the terms they themselves have
heretofore published, except in the instances mentioned in
these resolves. They are plain and explicit, and 1 will
take the liberty to add, should form a part of the instruc-
tions to be given to the officers, who may be appointed to
recruit.
I would also beg leave to observe, that the necessity of
raising the new army becomes more and more urgent, and
is such as calls for every possible exertion to effect it. The
Congress convinced of this, and seeing the delays of some
of the States in carrying the resolves recommended to
them into execution, have empowered and required me to
nominate officers to the regiments of such States as have not
sent commissioners to the army for that purpose. As this
is a matter in which I would not wish to interfere at this
time farther than compelled by their direction and the situ-
ation of our affairs, I shall be happy to know what pro-
gress you have made in this instance, and whether the ar-
rangement for your regiments is completed. If it is not
finished, let me entreat you to do it as speedily as possible.
The necessity is obvious, and must be felt by every one.
Till the officers are appointed, no measures can be pursued
for enlisting the men. If the bounty allowed by Congress
could be paid down, it is more than probable it might in-
duce many to engage more readily. Under this idea, I
shall be ready to advance to such officers as you appoint
to the command of the regiments upon your requisition,
such sums of money as may be sufficient for that purpose,
if provision has not or shall not be otherwise made by Con-
gress for the same.
I am sorry to inform you, that this day about 12 o'clock,
the enemy made a general attack upon our lines about Fori
Washington, which having carried, the garrison retired
within the fort. Col. Magaw finding there was no pros-
pect of retreating across the North river, surrendered the
post. We do not yet know our own loss or that of the
enemy in forcing the lines ; but I imagine it must have been
pretty considerable on both sides, as the fire in some parts
was of long continuance and heavy ; neither do I know
the terms of capitulation. The force of the garrison be-
fore the attack, was about 2000 men.
I have the honour to be, with great respect,
Gentlemen,
Yr. most obedt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Committee of New-York.
[A letter from Gen. Schuyler, at Albany.]
Albany, November 12, 1776.
Sir — Your favour of the 9th instant, I had the honour
to receive last night ; I have already despatched an express
to General Gates, to hasten down all the regiments whose
term of enlistment was expired. I make no doubt but that
both officers and men will continue to serve with alacrity
for some time longer on this critical occasion.
I have happily conveyed such a quantity of flour from
hence, for some days past, as will suffice for fifty days for
the whole army to the northward ; this enables me to send
you all the batteaux I have here, but they are only ten or
eleven in number, besides what may come from Schenecta-
dy ; fifty more are ordered from Lake George, in which,
and in sloops, I shall send down the regiments I expect
from Ticonderoga.
Colonel Van Schaick, from whom I received a line last
night, apprehends an attack in that quarter, from the intel-
ligence received by two Indians just arrived from Canada.
He has detained the militia. Two regiments which I order-
ed from Tyconderoga on the 2d inst. are not yet arrived ;
I fear not even sent, although the order arrived there on
the 5th instant. I have remanded the order.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
209
Lt. Col. Derousse takes charge of the batteaux down
to Fishkill, and will wait on you for your orders.
I am, sir, most respectfully,
Your obedient humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Vice-President of Convention,
[A letter from Gen. Schuyler, at Albany.]
Albany, November 3d, 1776.
Sir — I do myself (the honour to enclose you an extract
of a letter from General Gates of the 31st ult., with copy
of one from Major Hoisington to him. If Sir John John-
son left Canada at the time the deserters mention, he has
probably met with such diflBculties as have obliged him to
return, as 1 think he could not subsist from that time to
this in the woods. We have no less than eleven different
scouts traversing the country between Ticonderoga and
Fort Stanwix, so that I am in hopes, should the enemy at-
tempt to penetrate to the Mohawk river, we shall have such
early information as to enable us to meet him with a sufl&-
cient force. I have already ordered two regiments from
Ticonderoga to Tryon county, and about one thousand of
the militia, so that our force there, exclusive of the militia
of that county, will amount to two thousand men, besides
the garrison of Fort Schuyler.
I wish the Convention would order the depth and breadth
of Hudson's river to be carefully taken, at such places as
they conceive would be most proper, effectually to obstruct
the navigation. Verplank's Point, or Jan Kanten hook may
be proper places, perhaps the latter the most eligible of
any. I propose taking the earliest opportunity that is af-
forded me, to prepare every thing for it. At present I can
not, as I have neither troops nor carpenters ; the latter be-
ing all employed in constructing barracks.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Peteb R. Livingston, Esqr.
President, &c.
[A report, for procuring inteUigence from Albany.]
Your committee, to whom was referred the considera-
tion for ways, and means to convey to, and obtain intelli-
gence from Albany, report :
That they conceive it will be necessary that a rider be
hired to set out to Albany next Wednesday ; that he be
ordered to ride so as to arrive in the city of Albany no
later than 1 1 o'clock in the forenoon ; that he there wait the
direction of the committee of this House (or in their ab-
sence, the sub-committee of the city and county of Alba-
ny) when to set out, provided he be detained no longer
than 12 o'clock the Saturday following ; and on his return
he be no longer by the way than Tuesday following at 12
o'clock. That he alternately ride on the east and west
side of the river.
[Comfort Sands's letter concerning bounty moneys and public accounts.]
Fishkill, the 5th November, 1776.
Sir — Capt. Belknap, one of the captains of the rangers
ordered to be raised in Ulster county, has applied for the
pay, subsistence, and half bounty of his company ; the for-
mer I have settled ; the latter want your directions about.
It appears there has been moneys sent to the diflercnt
county committees for the one-half bounty ; but as the com-
pany is not more tlian one-half full, there must be money
yet remaining in the hands of the committee, which I think
it would be best to draw out and settle their bounty there ;
for while money is continually advanced to different com-
[VoL. II.] 53
mittees and persons, it will be impossible for me ever to
get the public accounts settled.
I am, sir.
Your very humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[A letter from Pierre Van Cortlandt to Robert Boyd, Chairman of the
Committee of Safety of New- Windsor.]
November 10, 1776.
Sir — It gives the members of the Convention very great
concern, to be informed that some of the soldiers who are
discharged, and returning from the northward, after serving
their country with fidelity, are treated inhospitably and re-
fused accommodations, although they are sick and unable
to travel. Besides the inhumanity of such ungenerous
usage, nothing can more effectually injure the public ser-
vice, as it must discourage at this critical time the enlist-
ment of the army, on which the preservation of America,
next to Divine Providence, depends. We beg, therefore,
that you will immediately give orders that those, and all
other soldiers under the same circumstances, be treated
with kindness and hospitality, and assisted in returning to
the places of their residence.
I am, in the name of the members of the Convention,
Sir, your most humb. servant,
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT,
V. Presdt.
P. S. The charge of such soldiers as are unable to pay
will be advanced by the Convention.
To Robert Botd, Esqr., Chairman
of the Committee of New- Windsor.
[A letter from Genl. Clinton to Mr. Duer.]
Peekskill, Hth November, 1776.
Dear Sir — Agreeable to promise I now enclose you a
list of the officers of Col. Duboys's regiment, who served
under my brother last campaign before Quebec, and most
of them this summer in my brigade. Those marked
thus * have actually served under me, and I can, with
great justice recommend them to the Convention as active,
brave officers. I imagine, should Col. Duboys's regiment
be continued, it would be most agreeable to them to retain
their present appointments ; if not, it will be a public loss
to leave them out of the service, and, in my opinion, it
would be great injustice to such of them as wish to con-
tinue in it.
You have also a list of such of Col. Duboys's ofiicers
who were not in the service to the northward last campaign,
but have for some time past served under me with pro-
priety and been useful officers. I can not with justice
omit recommending my Brigade-Major Pawling in a spe-
cial manner, as a most useful, active, brave officer, well
deserving the rank he now sustains in the army. The
character you have heard of him from some of our general
officers, particularly from the major-general of the division
in which I have served during the whole campaign, and
whose certificate in his favour I now enclose you, will lead
you to agree with me, that, if he can consistently, he ought
to be provided for in such manner as will induce liini to
continue in the service.
I have many other brave officers in my brigade, who
have much merit, and I doubt not but they w^ould be will-
ing to continue in the service of their country in the mili-
tary line ; but as they have not been in the Continental
service before, I have omitted mentioning their names, as
I have been informed Convention means first to provide
for such as has, in which case there will not be room left
for them in the four regiments to be raised in this State.
1 am, yours sincerely,
GEO. CLINTON.
210
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
A List of the Officers of Col. Duboys's regiment, who
served last campaign in Canada.
*Capt. Elias Van Bunschoten, Capt. Thomas De Witt,
*Capt Cornelius T. Jansen, *Capt. Jannes Gregg, 'Capt.
Albert Pawling, "Capt. Charles Grahann, "Lieut. Henry
Dodge, *Lieut. Henry Vandenburgh, "Lieut. Nathaniel
Conklin, Lieut. Evans Wherry, "Ensign Samuel English,
•Henry Duboys, Adjutant, John Coats, Surgeon.
A List of Col. Duboys^s Officers who did not serve in Ca-
nada, but served in his regiment during this campaign.
Lieut. Thomas Brinkley, Lieut. John Fannan, Lieut.
John Burnet.
Nine Partners' Mine, 16th November, 1776.
Sirs — In compliance with the contract from under your
hands, dated Oct. last, respecting the sinking into the lead
mine here, twelve feet in depth and extend the same thirty
feet in length and three feet in breadth, with such direc-
tions as I thought best to pursue the veins, &c.; when at
my entry Mr. Ezra Thompson here measured 24 feet in
length from the west to the east, which course being and
are the inclination of the veins and perfectly appeared the
most promising prospect to work ; there wrought and
blasted the rock with the men I employed until the veins
became mixed with different kinds of ugly rocks, which
brought to disappear, yielding any quantity worthy of pur-
suing to advantage, and I therefore prosecuted into several
veins going to the southward cross from the said dimen-
tion, and therein digged out about 76 wt. of ore during
the driving, about 3 feet in length, 104 feet in depth, and
12 feet in breadth, and at conclusion of the same the ore
almost disappeared. At my pursuit in the said 34 feet
length from the west to the east, raised about 26 wt. of
ore, after which spent the half of the time. The nearest
esiimation of the lead ore is nine hundred weight.
Gentlemen — I am on the motion to continue working
further into, sinking 18 inches in depth and drive the same
about 18 feet in length, which may instruct any person
having skill in minery to learn the sufficiency and deficiency
of the same, and before the performance thereof I expect
an answer of this report from your Honours, letting me
know whether or not to proceed any further into the pre-
sent opening, 24 feet in length, above mentioned. As
for my own part, I am already very thoroughly convinced
that it will not be so advantageous as to clear the tenth
part expense of working, therefore, with all possible expe-
dition write to me and Mr. Thompson, if you intend that
I should make trials elsewhere here or return to the Fish
Kills. The main trials is driving a level together with
sinking, crosscutting, raising, &c. which will cost any
company of adventurers about six thousand pounds before
they could make the complete and proper trials. Money
will be very acceptable to pay my workmen's wages and
other articles which I stand indebted for. Your orders
will be most punctually obeyed.
Ten days hence there will be finished about the half of
the bargain.
Sirs, your most obedient and humble servt,
JOHN McDonald, Miner.
P. S. If the trial does not turn out better from the pre-
sent state it now is, within the 28th of this month, I shall
possibly be desired by your Honours to give up the prose-
cuting into any further trials, without the aforesaid demi-
nution.
The bearer, is one Mr, Herrick from this place, who is
an honest man, to bring back the return of this. I don't
choose that your honours should sink great sums in unpro-
per trials.
I adieu.
JOHN McDonald.
To William Harper, Henry Wisner, Jonth.
Landon, Matthew Cantine and Matthew
Adgate, and Members of Convention.
November 5th, 1776.
At a meeting of the committee for the county of Cum-
berland, the committee appointed by this body to take un-
der consideration the expediency of the letter sent from this
body to the Convention for the State of New- York, touch-
ing being laid to some other state, &c. &c., reported,
that, whereas, the committee of the county of Cumberland
having received a handbill from the Convention of the
State of New-York, directing this committee to withdraw
a letter sent to them from this body, bearing date 2l8t of
June last. We, the committee as aforesaid, having taken
the same under consideration, report : That said letter
ought to be withdrawn, and that we, notwithstanding, ought
to enjoy all the privileges that any county in this Slate do
enjoy, and that we hold it our right to present to the
Hon. the Provincial Congress of this State a petition and
remonstrance, setting forth those grievances that are the
cause of the uneasiness that subsists amongst us. For
their wise consideration and redress, and if on proper de-
liberation it may be thought proper, a separation should
be most conducive to the peace and happiness of this
county, we do not preclude ourselves the privilege of pre-
senting our petition to the Hon. the Continental Congress
for their wise determination. We still mean to pay all due
deference to the State of New- York, and to pay our pro-
portion of the necessary charges of the State.
Voted to accept the above report, and that a copy be sent
to the Hon. Convention of New-York, signed by the chair-
man and attested by the clerk.
JAMES CLAY, Chairman
of the Commttee of Safety.
A true copy of the minutes.
Attest.
Elkanah Day, Clerk.
To the President of the Hon. the
Provincial Congress at New- York.
Is Committee of Safety for the State or Xew-York, }
Fishkill, November the 2li)lh, 1776. 5
Sir — I have the honour to enclose you resolutions of
the Committee of Safety, respecting the more effectual
obstruction of Hudson's river. No object appears to them
of more importance, when they consider either the safety
of the State, the supply of the Continental army, or the
preservation of the communication between the southern
and eastern States. Experience has evinced that if the
navigation had been rendered impassable opposite to Fort
Washington it must have been attended with infinite ad-
vantage : among which, even the security of the garrison
and military stores at that fort is not the most considerable.
Indeed it is no presumption to suppose that after the fruit-
less attempt of the British army to penetrate the country
through the White Plains, they must have closed the cam-
paign, at least in this quarter, with disappointment and dis-
grace. Their success in reducing the fort revived their
spirits, and the evacuation of Fort Lee in consequence of
it, opened a passage for them into the defenceless parts of
New-Jersey.
In projecting the obstruction between Anthony's Nose
on the eastern shore and Fort Montgomery, we en-
deavoured to avail ourselves of the model of that which
had proved effectual in the river Delaware, and were assist-
ed by the advice and experience of Captain Hazelwood.
But the great length of the chain, being upwards of 1 800 feet,
the bulk of the logs which were necessary to support it, the
immense weight of water which it accumulated, and the
rapidity of the tide have baffled all our efforts ; it separat-
ed twice after holding only a few hours ; and we have too
much reason to despair of its ever fully answering the im-
portant purpose for which it was constructed. A like dis-
appointment we are informed happened at Portsmouth,
the chain intended to obstruct the navigation of that har-
bour proved equally ineffectual.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
211
These considerations have induced us to explore the
depth of the river in the Highlands, in which a com-
mittee of Convention have been assisted by General George
Clinton. The distance and depth of water at the north
entrance, which on this experiment is found to be the
fittest place, will be seen by the enclosed plan.
It is proposed with the approbation of the Honourable
Congress to obstruct the navigation in this part by cassoons,
which it is conceived will be very practicable. The Con-
vention wish on account of General Washington's distance
from this place, and the multiplicity of business with
which he is incumbent, that the direction of this work may
be committed to Major-General Schuyler, who we believe
every way qualified to insure its success. Timber and
stones can be conveniently procured ; and when the cam-
paign terminates the troops cantooned in this part of the
country, may be employed in rotation to assist in the work,
but no time is to be lost in preparing the materials ; and
we shall wait with anxiety for the determination of the
Honourable Congress on a subject, which, in the opinion
of the committee, is of the utmost moment to the United
States. If the enemy persevere in their plan of subjugat-
ing these Slates to the yoke of Great Britain, the ymust in
proportion to their knowledge of the country, be more and
more convinced of the necessity of their becoming masters
of Hudson's river ; which will give them the entire com-
mand of the water communication with the Indian nations,
effectually prevent all intercourse between the eastern and
southern confederates, divide our strength, and enfeeble
every effort for our common preservation and security.
That this was their original plan, and that General Carle-
ton and General Howe flattered themselves, with the delu-
sive hopes of uniting their forces at Albany every intelh-
gence confirms ; and it appears to the committee that they
will not give up this grand object, until they shall finally
relinquish the project of enslaving America.
The Committee take the liberty to submit these reflec-
tions to the Honourable Congress. If they are well found-
ed, an early and vigorous preparation to oppose the pro-
gress of the enemy in this quarter must be indispensable,
and the defence and security of Hudson's river a principal
object of that preparation.
We are informed that some merchants in the eastern
States are pursuing the scheme of transporting flaxseed
to France, to be shipped, as is apprehended, from thence
to Ireland. If it is necessary to make Great Britain feel
the distresses of the war by obstructing the manufacture
of linen, this project will demand the attention of Con-
gress ; and in the opinion of this Committee, nothing less
than the entire prohibition of the exportation of flaxseed,
will afford an adequate remedy. Another very important
advantage must arise from such a measure ; it will en-
courage the linen manufactories in these States, to which
of all others they are the most competent.
However severe the sudden reverse of fortune which
we have lately experienced ; however melancholy the loss
of our metropolis, seacoast, and four of our counties, and
the aspect of that part of our State which has been plun-
dered and desolated by a retreating enemy, barbarous be-
yond all description ; and however great the number of
our ruined friends who are left naked and destitute in an
inclement season, in a country without commerce, or the
means of affording them clothing, I have the satisfaction
to assure you, that the fortitude of this State, and tlieir
zeal for the glorious cause in which wc are engaged, is not
abated : on the contrary, we are prepared to meet, even
severer misfortunes, with a spirit and firmness becoming
the generous advocates for liberty. Unhappy am I to
add, that amidst all our sufferings, the army employed for
the protection of America, have not refrained from em-
bittering even the calamities of war. At a time when the
utmost resources of this State were laid open to their
wants, and the Members of Convention personally sub-
mitted to the labour and fatigue which were necessary on
a sudden emergency, and after frequent losses of provi-
sions and barracks, to supply two numerous armies, aug-
mented by the militia, with every article which they re-
quired, the court-house, and the remains of the village
at the White Plains, which had been spared on the retreat
of our forces, was, even after the enemy had in their turn
retired, wantonly destroyed, without the orders, and to the
infinite regret of our worthy General. Besides, in spite
of all his Excellency's efforts, wherever our troops have
marched or been stationed, they have done infinite damage
to the possessions and farms, and pilfered the property of
the people. I am directed, sir, to submit it to the Ho-
nourable Congress, whether some effectual remedy ought
not to be provided against such disorderly and disgraceful
proceedings ? The soldier who plunders the country he
is employed to protect, is no better than a robber, and
ought to be treated accordingly : and a severe example
ought, in the opinion of the Committee, to be made of the
officer who, without any necessity, or his General's per-
mission, set fire to the court-house and other buildings at
the White Plains. He is guilty of the crime of arson ;
and if he cannot be punished by the articles of war, ought
to be given up to the laws of the land. If so glaring a
violation of every sentiment of humanity, should be pass-
ed over in silence ; if the army is not seasonably restrain-
ed from such acts of barbarity, the consequence must be
fatal to the cause of a people whose exalted glory it is to
be advocates for the rights of mankind against the tyranny
and oppression of lawless power. The resolutions which
the Committee of Safety have passed upon this subject,
are herewith transmitted.
I have the honour to be, with great respect.
Sir, your most obedient and very humble servant,
By order.
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT,
V. Presdt.
The Hononrable John Hancock,
President of the Congress of the
United States of America.
[Govr. William Franklin's letter to Mrs. Franklin.]
Middletown, Monday, Novr. 25, 1776.
My Dearest Life — I had last Saturday, the happiness
of receiving your dear long letter of the 5lh and 6th inst-
ant. The one dated the 16th of Sept. (which I had given
up as lost,) got safe to hand a few days before. But I
have not yet been so lucky as to receive that which you
mention to have wrote on the 20th of October. Perhaps
it may find its way here some weeks hence. Since the
new regulations in the post-office, never was there greater
confusion in the management of any business. I wrote a
few lines to you by Mr. A. O. about a fortnight ago, just
to let you know that I was well. I am much concerned
that that fellow T. should report I had been extremely ill,
as I knew the uneasiness it must have occasioned you.
I had only a slight cold attended with a little fever, which
went off in a few days.
If the old gentleman has taken the boy with him, I hope
it is only to put him in some foreign university, which he
seemed anxious to do when he spoke to me last about his
education. As the Cobham's are already sent to Powell's,
I would not have them removed. Had I known D. had
solicited the matter you mention, I should not have desir-
ed you to send him any money. But I suppose it is now
too late to stop it.
You have been lucky in your jockcyship. I am sorry,
however, for the poor gentleman's loss, which I much
wonder at, as Whitefoot always appeared as sound a horse
as any I had.
I wish Mr. Mercer had continued in Amboy, as his po-
lite attention to you must have greatly lessened the ais-
tresses of your present situation.
I hope your fears about poor Mr. Bonnel, are ground-
less. I shall be extremely concerned if he does not reco-
212
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ver from his present indisposition. Remember me kindly
to him and his wife.
It gives me pleasure to hear that Mrs. Burnet is in Am-
boy, as she will help to enliven your little society. My
best regards to her, and to Mr. S. and the ladies with you.
Let Mrs. A. know that I received her message in yours of
Sept. 16, and that I now desire my particular compliments
to her. Keep up your spirits, my dearest life, and assure
yourself of the unalterable affection of
Your ever faithful husband,
WM. FRANKLIN.
P. S. Thos. sends his duty to you, and love to Kitty
and the servants. You need make no apology about pen
or paper. The fault, however, if any, is not so much in
the first as in the latter. Write, if you choose it, on the
folio gilt paper which I used for my despatches. But
your letters are all as fair and legible as I could wish.
[A letter from A. Hawkes Hay, covering the accounts of Haverstraw
precinct against the Convention.]
Haverstraw, Nov. 28th, 1776.
Sir — I make bold to send you the enclosed account, and
beg you will get it passed, and receive the money for me,
and send it down by the first safe opportunity. I have often
sent it to Fishkill, but never could find Mr. Sands there.
The people who trusted Capt. Kiers with the necessaries
are very impatient for their money, and I do assure you it
hurts the cause very much, and I can not now purchase any
provisions for the army passing through this place with-
out advancing the cash. I must also trouble you to
add for Capt. Keirs, what sum the Committee of Safety
may think proper to allow him for his great trouble.
I am, dear sir.
Your very hum. servt.
A. HAWKES HAY.
Haverstraw, I5th June, 1776.
Capt, Karce, to John Staples on account of Congress. DR.
£ s.d.
To 2hhds, rum, 222 gallons, Nt. 9s. 4d 103 12 0
" 67| gallons of spirits, 12s 40 13 0
" 5| do of gin, 13s 3 14 9
" 7| do of rum, of Jno. Waldrom, 9s. 4d 3 10 0
" 1 case of gin, 4 10 0
£155 19 9
The Convention of the State of New- York, to the precinct of Haverstraw, in
Orange county, for sundries supplied the guards while the ships of war lay in the
bays of Haverstraw and Nyack,from the I2th July, to the 21st August, 1776.
DR.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
To Samuel Yeomens, for 2 sheep, at 18s 116 0
" John Vander Voord, for 4 sheep, at 19s 3 16 0
" Benjamin Benson, for 2 sheep, at 18s 1 16 0
" Joseph D. Clark, for 1 sheep, at 18s 0 18 0
" John Coe, for ^ ton of hay, 2 0 0
" Michael Vander Voord, for J ton of hay, 2 0 0
" Wid. Noyelles, for i ton of hay 1 16 0
14 2 0
"Potatoes, 0 2 6
"11? lbs. butter, at Is Oil 9
" 19| bushels Indian com, at 4s. 3 17 0
" 6^ bushels of oats, at 2s. 9d. 0 17 0
" 3 bushels bran, at Is. 4d 0 4 0
" 2 bushels salt, of the Wid. Noyelles, at 10s 1 10 0
" Abraham Few, for 162J lbs. mutton, at 3^d 2 6 7|
" Theodore Sneedeker, for 81^ lbs. mutton, at 3 Jd.. 1 6 9;^
10 15 8
" Susanna Knapp, for 40 meals victuals, a 9d 110 0
" do for 13 lbs. mutton, at 3^d 0 3 llj
" do for 12 lbs bread, at 2d 0 2 0
" do for 1 sheep, for Lt. Van Houten's
party, 0 18 0
" boarding 5 of the light horsemen 3 days, 1 13 9
" pasturing their horses, at 9d 0 113
" 136 meals victuals, for Col. Hay's party, 5 2 0
" 121 lbs. mutton, at 3|d. of .Susanna Knapp, 1 15 3J.
" 57 lbs. bread, of Susanna Knapp, at 2d 0 9 6
" James DeClark, for 294 lbs. beef, hide and tallow,
at 4id 5 10 3
17 16 9
" James DeClark, for 322 lbs. do do at 4 J 6 0 9
" do do for 3461bs. do do at 4 6 9 9
" do do for 50 lbs. beef, at 4d 0 19 4
" do do for 124 lbs beef, at 4d 2 14
Carried forward 15 11 2 42 13 8
Brought forward, .
" Jeremiah Williams, for 179 lbs. beef, at 3<i
" Daniel Voorhi.s, for sundries for Capt Woodhuli's
company,
" Daniel Voorhis, for sundries for Capt. Isaac Smith's
company, _
" Harmanus Talhnan, for Capt. WoodhuU's com-
pany,
" Daniel Vorhis, for Capt. Lent's company,...!..'.
" do do for Capt. Bell's company,
" James DeClark, for boarding men of'^ Johnson's
company,
" Harmanus Tallman, for hay and pasture,
" Daniel Vorhis, for lOcwt. wheat flour, at 19d
" do do for lead and sundries,
" the Wid. Noyelles, for pasture for Capt. WoodhnU'R
horses,
" do do for Capt. Salbibery's company'i
horses
" Paulus Vander Vord, for a load of baggage' to
Nyack,
" hiring of horses of the Widow Noyelles,
" G. W. Kiers, for horse hire,
" cartage of pork
" John Staples' account for liquors
" the Widow Noyelles, for 10 lbs. candles^ I *.\
" do do 14 lbs. tallow, at 9d...
" 31 lbs. bacon, at7d
" 140 lbs. lead, of the Widow Noyelles, at'cid.'
" 14 IIjs. lead of J. W. Kiers,
" 34 lbs. powder, do at 6s.
" Johannes Tallman, for 68 lbs. mutton, at Vjd'
" do do for 16 dinners, per Capt. Mof-
fett's company,
" John Alleson, for the sick people,
" charges on burying "
" 3 boards for a bread tray,
" 1000 brick, at 30s. for two ovens,
" 6 bu.shels lime, at 2s
" paid Thomas Grifferts, ma-son,
" John Willson, for 18 lbs. mutton, at SJd.."!!!!!.
" Doctor Osbum, as per bill,
" Roloff Van Houton, for 34| c wt. wheat flour, at 1 78.
" do do 54 cwt. rye meal, at 12s
" do do 2 cwt. fine flour, at 19s
"do do baking the flour,
" do do carting flour and bread,
" John Ryder, for 17 dinners for Capt. Mofl'ett's com-
pany
" George Ransom, for 13 dinners for Capt. Moffett's
company,
" Col. Sherewood, for 3340 lbs. bee'f"a't"4"d.'.'''."
" Phillip Servant's account for victuals,
" John Vanderbilt, 7191bs. wheat bread, at 2id.". '"
" do do 173 lbs. rye bread, at 2d "
" Roloff Van Houten's account for boardin"-,.!!"'
" Abraham Pew, for 64 lbs. bread, °.'.'.V. ".
" Resolved Van Houten, for 3^ lbs. butter," at iV '
" Roloff Van Houten, for at 4d.
do do forl3Jlbs. butter,"at'9d'll.'.'
" James DeClark, for a horse-express,
" 66 lbs. beef of Col. Hay,at4d
" Arian Underdunk, for bread and butter for' CoY.
Hay's party,
" Jacob Polheraus,...
" John Woldrom's account, *
" Sarah Underdunk's account,
" Michell Comeeleson, 50^ lbs. mutton, at Z\A
'• 8 cwt. of wheat flour, of Comelis Van Horn, at 18s'
£ 1.
d.
. 15 11 2
2 4
9
i
1 12
0
3 18 10
1 14
0
2 15
4
4 4
3
0 12
6
5 8
8
9 10
0
2 12
0
1
1 10
0
1 17
6
0 10
0
1 12
0
f\ In
0
0 4
0
155 19
9
0 10
0
U 10
C
A 1 0
1
3 10
0
0 7
0
10 4
0
0 19
8
0 16
0
u 14
6
0 16
0
u 0
6
1 1 A
0
u iz
0
U ID
0
u o
0
0
0
28 18
0
3 3
0
0
9 0
0
J u
0
0 1/
0
0 13
A
v
55 13
4
3 6
6
6 14
8
1 8
10
2 6
10
0 9
0
0 3
6
2 11
8
0 10
0 6
0
1 2
0
0 14
0
0 8
8
3 7
0
1 7
0
0 14
8|
7 4
0
£ 8 d.
i'i 13 8
38 1 6
165 11 11
24 15 9
50 3 0
77 95^
15 3 4|
To Paulus Vander Voord, omitted,.
£423
14 0
This is to certify, that the above account is iust anH t\^t t i,-
session vouchers for every article in this account! ""^
A. HAWKES HAY,
Commanding Officer.
SiR-By order of General Lee, I am to acquaint you
that the enclosed return contains an account of stock
brought from below the hnes, which the General thought
It his indispensible duty to have driven off, lest the enemv
might avail themselves of so desirable an opportunity He
desires that you would please to communicate the affair to
the Convention of this State, in order that proper care may
be taken of them. J
I have sent this by the lieutenant, who was a party to
driving the cattle, that he might inform more particularly
the situation, &c. of them. '
I am, with the greatest respect, sir.
Your most obedt. and very humble servt
rr K, B ^^^^ HUGHES, Asst. Q. M G
The Honble. President of Convention. tr.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
213
Tryon County Committee Chamber, ?
Novr. 13, 1776. J
Gentlemen — It is lamentable that we have occasion to
inform you that Captn. John Winn, stands charged with
killing one of his men by a push with the muzzle of his
gun into his belly. Having examined several witnesses it
seems to appear that he is guilty, in consequence whereof,
we have thought proper to commit him to Johnstown jail,
to the care of the commanding officer of that post. We
therefore pray, that you in your wisdom, may as soon as
possible, give such directions in the premises as you think
proper.
We are, gentlemen, with esteem and respect.
Your obedient humble servants.
By order of the committee.
ISAAC PARIS, Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention,
of the State of New- York.
Camp at Haverstraw, Novr. 28th, 1776.
Sir — On receipt of your packet with the £1,500, which
I have not yet had time to count, I paraded the brigade,
formed them into a circle, read the resolves of the Honou-
rable Committee of Safety to them ; pressed them upon
the men, with some arguments of my own ; concluded
with an offer to add the small remittance of my month's
pay, to the generous gratuity of the Committee. I then
left them some time for free deliberation ; and on my re-
turn to them, with a design to pique the honour of my offi-
cers, pressing them by a short exhortation to set an exam-
ple to the non-commissioned officers and privates, in dis-
covering their resolution to continue with me in the service,
by joining me in the contest. The scheme had so far the
desired effect, that all the field officers, but one who plead-
ed indisposition, and all the other commissioned officers
but five, and two adjutants joined me. I then charged
ihem in their different departments to exert themselves
with the non-commissioned officers and privates, and to
make returns to me by 12 o'clock to-morrow. What the
event will be I know not ; but I shall communicate it with-
out the loss of a moment to you. In the meantime I shall
withhold the money till I receive your directions ; I there-
fore do not send a receipt for it, because, perhaps I shall
be so mortified as to be obliged to return it with my own
hands.
But supposing my whole brigade should resolve to con-
tinue in the service, how little will it avail. I have to
guard the shore and the passes through the mountains, and
have not men to spare for scouts. I want lighthorsemen
to bring me intelhgence of the enemy, and more troops to
send to engage the enemy's lighthorse, and curb or punish
the numerous tories in the southern confines of this county,
and the northern parts of Bergen county. Those villains are
extremely insolent, insult our few friends, assist our enemy
in their rapine, cart for the enemy's army, enlist in their
service, and go to them for protection. In short, I must
have immediate assistance from the army or militia, or I
shall have nothing to comfort me, but the sense of an ar-
dent desire to do my country eflfectual service.
For further news I have none encouraging. I have this
afternoon had the uncomfortable information that an ex-
press sent by General Lee, with despatches to General
Washington, has fallen into the hands of the enemy, with
his despatches, and is now in confinement. It is reported,
and with grounds that induce my belief, that the enemy be-
tween Hackinsack and Acquacknock, consisting of about
8,000, are now in motion, to the southward, and have
passed a fording place above Acquacknock bridge. It is
also said that they have landed 8,000 at Amboy. General
Washington is on the west side of iNewark, near the moun-
tains. The troops increased by a junction of militia, and
two brigades from the southward, but that Lord Sterling
and General Bell, have not yet joined them. We have a
good many friends still remaining at Tapan ; they should
by all means be protected. I expect daily to hear of some
thing decisive. Be assured, sir, I shall not fail to convey
every material intelligence.
Permit me, sir, to conclude with the most unfeigned ac-
knowledgments to the Honourable Committee, for the un-
merited honour they have done me by their resolves, which
I shall be studious, by my conduct, to make some better
title to, and to assure you.
Sir, that I am, with all imaginable respect.
Their and your most obt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
The Honourable Chairman,
Committee of Safety, &c.
South. Amboy, Middlesex County, 9th November, 1776.
This is to certify to all to whom it may concern, that
Gasper Miller personally appeared before us, and on oath
did declare, that he received a two dollar bill from William
Sanford, which was altered to a ten dollar bill ; and that
said Sanford had passed a seven dollar bill to one Ben. Sal-
len Scale, which was altered to a ten dollar bill. The said
Sanford being present, was asked concerning the above
charge, confessed the whole to be true.
JNO. LLOYD, Justice.
LUYCUS SCHANCK.
[Letter from Elihu Marvin, chairman of committee of Orange.]
Orange county, November 18, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas complaints were made to the
committee against one Cornelius Thorp and one Murree,
alias Sanford, for passing Continental bills altered from two
to ten dollars, and from seven to ten. The committee sent
immediately after them, and found said Murree in Bruns-
wick jail ; then pursued and brought said Thorp back,
who, when examined, confessed he had altered four bills
and stole a saddle in Oxford, and that he and said Murree
stole two horses in the Jerseys and sold them in Orange
county ; whereupon I committed said Thorp to Goshen
jail, and gave orders to the keeper thereof to keep him
safely till he was delivered therefrom by the county com-
mittee, or some other lawful authority ; I therefore beg for
the direction of the Honourable Convention as to what
shall be done in the matter. The young man is poor, and
not able to help himself with necessaries.
I have sent two of the bills to the Honourable Conven-
tion by Esquire Little, which were passed by said Thorp
and Murree. The owners of the said bills are Bezaleel
Scely and Joshua Miller, who beg to be made good, for
the bills stand them in ten dollars each.
For further information enquire of Esquire Little.
I am, gentlemen, with great esteem.
Your very humble servant,
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from W. Heath of Peekskill.]
Peekskill, November 26, 1776.
Sir — Since I wrote you in the morning, I have received
letters from His Excellency General Washington ; and as
they do not contain the least information that any part of
the corps under my command are to move from this post,
I shall assiduously prepaie the plan of securing the passes
through the Highlands.
I iiave been informed that a survey of the river and
soundings has lately been taken, and laid before the Ho-
nourable Convention, and if it appears that the obstruction
of the river is practicable, and it should be thought advisa-
[VOL. II.]
54
214
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ble to attempt it, I shall cheerfully afford all the assistance
in my power.
1 am, with respect and esteem,
Your most humble servant,
W. HEATH.
Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Lieut. Colo. Hardenbergh near Peekskill.]
Camp near Peekskill, November 23, 1776.
Sir — I have some time last summer received a parcel
of arms, cartouch-boxes and belts for the use of my regi-
ment, as part of General Scoll's brigade in the service of
the United Slates, belonging to the State of New-York ;
and as the time of my engagement, agreeable to the resolve
of your Honourable House, is now nearly expired, I would
be glad to know into whose hands to deliver said arms, so
that I may be relieved of them. I would beg your Honour
to appoint a person near this place to receive said arms,
and let me know by a line.
And you will very much obhge
Yours, &c.
JOHS. HARDENBERGH, Lt. Col.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Auguslin Lawrence and S. Tuder, at Poughkeepsie.]
Pougkkeepsie, November 22, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed we send you an order to us from
the marine committee of Philadelphia, which order we con-
ceive to be of the utmost importance, and as they have
heretofore directed us to advise with your Honourable
House in matters of consequence, request your advice in
the premises. Beg you would return the order, as we have
not had time to take a copy.
We are, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your most obedient humble servants,
AUGUSTIN LAWRENCE,
SAMUEL TUDER.
The Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[A letter from the Committee of Hartford to Mr. James Clay, Chair-
man of the County Committee at Westminster.
Hartford, October 29th, 1776.
Sir — Agreeable to your request of Sept. 26th, 1776,
we have called the town together, to know their minds re-
lative to a separation from the State of New-York. We
find the major part for a separation on the principle of first
applying to the State of New-York for it, before it be
carried to the Continental Congress.
AARON WILLARD,
WILLIAM GALLUP,
PAUL SPOONER,
Committee of said town of Hartford.
Westminster, 23d of October, 1776.
Sir — This may inform your Honour, that some time in
August last past, I was appointed by the joint committee
to be a captain to serve in Maj. Joab Hoisington's detach-
ment of rangers. Whereupon I exerted myself with my
best influence to complete said detachment. But by rea-
son of the multiplicity of my business as a physician, the
calls on me from the sick and distressed are so perpetual,
who are totally unwilling that I should discontinue my prac-
tice with them : I therefore do, or least beg leave to resign
my appointment and trust in said department ; sir, most
heartily acknowledging all favours, paying that deference to
your respectable body, wishing the American arms the
blessing of success, and in due time a complete victory oter
their tyrannical foes,
I am, with great esteem.
Your most obedient humble servt.
ELKANAH DAY.
To the President of the Honourable
Convention for the State of New- York.
Mbany, Deer. 22d, 1776.
Sir — The committee of Cumberland and Gloucester
having appointed me to the command of Captain Day's
company of rangers, from whose influence together with
yours and other gentlemen of the committee appoint-
ed to muster said rangers, I am led to believe I may be
approved of by Convention. My being with you when
examining into the conduct of those companies, gave me
an opportunity of hearing the many errors and omissions
they were guilty of, from which circumstances I am led to
believe those companies can not stand. As I am appoint-
ed a captain in Colo. Warner's regiment by the Honour-
able Continental Congress, a corps in which I hope to see
more service than in the one I now belong, I beg leave to
return you now, and the rest of the gentlemen, my most
hearty thanks for the honour done to me, and hope they
will accept of my resignation, and that a reimbursement
may be ordered of the expenses I have been at in raising
those I have enlisted.
I am, with due esteem, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
ABNER SEELYE.
To John Sessions, Esq.
[Abm. Cuyler's request to return home.]
Hartford, 12th .August, 1776.
Gentn. — Should your House not think proper to grant
us immediate relief on our application of this day, I beg
leave further to trouble you with a request to return home
for a few days, to visit a sick wife who is at present un-
able to take care of my children and large family ; and in
the meantime to settle some of my private affairs, which
on my sudden removal were left unsettled ; when I may
also have an opportunity of removing that jealousy wiiich
is now entertained against me. I flatter myself that when
you consider the many inconveniencies myself and family
suffer, and that only on a supposition of guilt, of which I
am at any time ready to exculpate myself, you will at least
grant this request.
Gentn. your obt. humble servant,
ABRM. CUYLER.
To the Hon. Members of the
Convention of the Stale of New- York.
[A letter from Genl. Clinton, at King's Bridge.]
Sir — Agreeable to a resolve of the Committee of Safe-
ty of this State, I now send you the examinations taken
against John Wooly, together with the prisoner, under
care of Sergeant Mills. The other person who was taken
with Wooly escaped our guards, as will appear by the en-
closed letter from Lieut. Colo. Hopkins. The enemy's
shipping lay opposite Hunt's Point, and a considerable
number of their troops encamped on the opposite shore.
We are very considerably reinforced at this post, Hoorn's
Hook, &c. so that should they attempt paying us a visit,
in this quarter, I have not the least doubt but we shall be
able to give a very good account of them. No movements
have been made below, except that of the enemy possess-
ing themselves of the different works evacuated by our
troops on Long island and Nutten island, and some of
their shipping moving up near the city, one of which was
yesterday warped up under cover of Nutten island into
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
215
the East river, as I am just now informed. I am with the
utmost respect,
Your most obedt, servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
King's Bridge, 3d Sept. 1776.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
Frog's Neck, Augst. 31, 1776.
Sirs — Agreeable to orders this day received from Col.
Graham, I herewith send you to the care of the main
guard, one John Wooly, who was taken by Capt. Paine
on Long island shore with his boat, for having been two
or three times on board the men of war in the Sound, and
supplying them with provisions : he denies supplying them,
but confesses he hath been on board.
The brig of war and her tender are come back just now,
and lie close to Francis Lewis, Esqr's. house, and the peo-
ple are gone ashore and driving up the cattle, &c.
There was one Hewlet taken with Wooly, but in the
hurry of affairs, when the brig of war was going by, he
hath escaped, but 1 know of no crime he is guilty of.
The people here, pray for a reinforcement, fearing the
enemy will land here from the island with a large number
of troops.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
ROSWELL HOPKINS, Lt. Col.
To Genl. Clinton, King's Bridge.
[Mr. Van Schaack's complaint, from Hartford prison.]
Hartford, 12th August, 1776.
Gentlemen — As you preside over the State of New-
York at this critical and very alarming juncture, for the
safety and welfare of its inhabitants, it gives me a right
to inform you that I have been transported hither unheard,
unquestioned, and contrary to the principles of the Bill of
Rights, published by the Honourable the Continental Con-
gress, in Septr. 1776, as well as subsequent resolves by
that Board. As the post is this moment going off, I have
no time to state at large the grievances I labour under. I
shall therefore be brief, and acquaint you that I am conscious
to myself that I have neither said or acted in opposition
to the measures pursued by the United Councils of the
Continent or those recommended by the Provincial Coun-
cils. It therefore appears hard that the most sacred rights
I hold in society, should be violated. I have been sent
hither under every appearance of guilt, without being al-
lowed an opportunity of knowing the crimes for which I
have suffered transportation. That I may not be charged
■with neglecting to apply for knowledge of my supposed
crimes to that power which inflicted the punishment, I
take the liberty of enclosing a copy of a letter wrote to
the Albany committee, signed by myself and others in the
same situation.
As I have suffered a long confinement, torn from my
family and friends, my affairs going to ruin, and obliged
to maintain myself at a very gi-eat expense in this State,
and now under orders to go to New London, what pu-
nishments will follow these, God knows ; but proceedings
so vague and loose promise nothing but indefinite punish-
ments. To you, gentlemen, as the guardians of those
rights which are held valuable in society, I now appeal
for a stop to further punishment by suffering me to appear
before yo\i, there to be condemned or acquitted. As I am
known among many of you, gentlemen, I hope this can
be granted without any apprehensions of my deviating
from my parol ; should there, however, be any doubts, 1
will readily be at the expen.sc of a guard to conduct me
to you. I remain with great respect, gentlemen, in haste,
Your most obedient hble. servant,
H. V. SCHAACK.
To the Honourable the Members of
Convention for the State of New- York.
[A letter from John White of Rhynbeck, to Capt. Zeph. Piatt.]
Rhynbeck, 16th Sept. 1776.
Sir — Desertion is arrived to such a pitch now, amongst
the troops in or belonging to this State at present, that I
fear if not timely remedied, our army will shortly be re-
duced to a mere shadow. Merely inflicting punishments
on the delinquents when taken, I fear will answer little
purpose, as they find so many who will conceal and sup-
port them. I am therefore of opinion, that Congress
ought to take this matter into consideration, and devise
ways and means to punish those who harbour, conceal or
support such deserters, with a strong recommendation to
county and precinct committees to see that every man ex-
erts himself properly in bringing to justice all such delin-
quents, otherwise they cannot be apprehended. I suppose
there is not less in this and Northeast precinct, than 30 of
them, who keep in the woods, and are supported by their
friends. Our committee are rather more indolent than for-
merly, and ought to be quickened a little. As long as
they pass by these people without taking notice of them,
private persons will also, and those fellows robbing the
public go unpunished.
I am, sir, your most hble. servt.
JOHN WHITE.
To Capt. Zeph. Platt, in Congress.
Fish'kill.
New-London, Septr. 20, 1776.
Gentlemen — I again take this opportunity to acquaint
you of my safe arrival here from Firy island, where I was
obliged to leave part of my cargo behind ; to my great sor-
row I have lost my medicines all excepting two boxes, my
pepper, prunes and raisins, such as I could get off with
my people I saved ; the wagons, being all pressed to carry
the regulars' baggage. If that the rascal Wallas, that had
unloaded me, had not refused to take any thing off on
board the brig, I should saved most part of my cargo, if
not all, but the tories mustering so strong, and carrying
such sway, was obliged to leave all I did to my sorrow.
The privateers left the place forty-eight hours before I did
myself. I have stored the salt here, and wait your orders,
by the orders of the committee here, which I think is best,
as it takes the vessels off of damage.
I am, gentlemen, your humble servt.
ALEX. EXUEN.
P. S. Please to send me your orders as soon as pos-
sible.
The Honb. Provincial Congress
of the State of New- York.
[Col. Pawling's letter, praying that Doct. Crane may be appointed
surgeon of his regiment.]
King's Bridge, Sept. 23d 1776.
Gentn. — I am laid under the disagreeable necessity to
inform your Honours that I have not had a surgeon appoint-
ed to my regiment, agreeable to the resolve of your Ho-
nourable House, passed the 16th of July last. On my arrival
at this place, (which was the 12lh ult.) I found many iiicon-
venienccs, which was all surmounted without difficulties,
excepting the non-appointment of a surgeon, which I had
reason to expect had been done in compliance lo said re-
solve ; but as it was not done, I attended your Honoura-
ble Board at Harlem, and got Doctor Grugeir ajipoinlcd
temporarily until another should be appointed. '1 his gen-
tleman gave all the attendance in his power. He at length
told me it was not in his power to attend any longer, and at
the same time recommended Mr. Joseph Crane. Accord-
ingly Mr. Crane was wrote for. He came, and lias attend-
ed the sick of my regiment since the first of this instant,
and with general satisfaction. I therefore desire that this
gentleman may be appointed surgeon to my regiment ;
216
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
and also that he may receive proper directions concerning
medicines, &c. Your Honours' compliance will much
oblige
Your very humble servt.
LEVI PAWLING.
The Honourable Convention
of the Stale of New-York.
King's Bridge, 23d Septr. 1776.
Gentlemen — Your letter and resolution, in consequence
of my application for your assistance in procuring immedi-
ately a supply of flour, is received. I most sincerely thank
you for your ready compliance therewith. I doubt not that
the kind assislence of the gentlemen appointed by you,
will insure me success. I paid Mr. Banker twelve thou-
sand six hundred dollars, on account of the pork. When
the vouchers are procured, and the price is settled, the re-
mainder shall be paid on demand.
I am, with the greatest respect and gratitude,
Gentlemen,
Your obliged humble servt.
JOS. TRUMBULL.
The Honble. Convention
of the State of New- York.
Mamacotting Precinct, Septr. 24th, 1776.
To the Honourable Congress, held for the State of New-
York :
Whereas, Captain Tylar, from Cosechton, arrived here
as an express, the 22d of this instant, at night, with an ac-
count that all the neighbourhood there, and further up the
Delaware, were greatly alarmed, so that several of the in-
habitants up that way intended to move down into the
more populous settlements.
The occasion of said alarm was a letter sent by one Mr.
Johnson, from Tunnadilla, down the Delaware, an e.xtract
of which Captn. Tylar brought here, which we send per
bearer, Thos. Kyte, to lay before your Honours.
We concluded that the Cosechton people were in great
confusion and terror, persuaded Captn. Tylar for to return
and pacify the people, which he consented to, upon our
sending this express to your Honours ; and he will send
another express here this week, to receive your Honours'
answer, and directions how to behave in this affair, hoping
you are better acquainted with the cause of this alarm
than either they or we are.
As for other particulars, the bearer can inform you who
is a person you may rely on, and confide in as faithful and
zealous in the cause.
From your Honour's friends and humble servts.
By order of the committee.
BENJAMIN DEPUY, Chairman.
P. S. If there should happen to be an attack made on
our frontiers, by disaffected persons or Indians, we are in a
poor state of defence at present, our companies being so
weakened by the different drafts out of them, but especial-
ly by the volunteers that entered into the ranging service,
under Captain De Witt, who are at present under no com-
mand, not being mustered.
Honourable Congress,
for the State of New- York.
[A letter from Clark and Nightingale, relative to the prizes taken by
the sloops Montgomery, Schuyler, &c.
Providence, Sept. 16th, 1776.
Sm — Last week we received a letter from Capt. Wil-
liam Rogers, commander of the sloop Montgomery in the
service of your State, requesting us to undertake the agen-
cy and act in behalf of the State and himself, in libeling
one brig which was returning from a whaling voyage, with
about three hundred barrels of oil, and had been taken by
the English, carried into New-York, and acquitted by
them, and afterwards taken by Caplam Rogers in company
with the privateers Schuyler and Mifflin, and sent in here.
The Commodore and Continental agent, in behalf of the
other two privateers (which are fitted out by the Conti-
nent) gave the brig up, as there were no papers appeared
by which they could condemn her, and they produced a
certificate, a copy of which you have enclosed, of their
permission to sail at the time they did. As matters were
thus circumstanced, we imagined it would be in vain to
libel her when the others who were two-thirds con-
cerned saw no prospect of condemning her, and after con-
sulting with the prize master, we declined prosecuting.
The other is a Bermudian sloop which was taken with
entrenching tools on board ; the tools are taken out and
were sent to General Washington, and they put a quantity
of flour on board from some other of their prizes. She is
libelled and will be tried the first of October next, and as
there is no claimer she will of course be condemned. We
shall now wait your orders in what manner to proceed, as
she was taken in company with the abovementioned priva-
teers, and shall be glad to hear from you as soon as possi-
ble. We are in the meantime, with due respect, sir,
Your most obedt. servant,
CLARK & NIGTINGALE.
P. S. Enclosed with the certificate you have the aff'air
of the brig stated by the lawyer.
To the Chairman of the Congress
of the Stale of New- York.
[The case of the Brigantine Temple.]
It appears by her papers that she was owned by Wm.
Rotch of Nantucket, and cleared out there on a whaling
voyage, the 26lh May, 1775, in common form, but did not
sail till the last of October following.
After her clearing and before her sailing, to wit : in the
month of August, the following resolve was passed in the
House of Representatives of the Massachusetts Bay, and
concurred with by the Council : " That from and after the
fifteenth day of this instant, August, no ship or vessel shall
sail out of any port of this Colony on any whaling voyage
whatever, without leave first had from the great and genereil
court of this Colony, or from some committee or commit-
tees, or persons they shall appoint to grant such leave."
The brig sailed from Nantucket under the command of
Joshua Morris some time the last of October, for the coast
of Brazil, on a whaling voyage. And upon her passage
home, having about three hundred barrels of oil on
board, she was taken by a British man of war and carried
into Sandy Hook, and after being detained a few days was
dismissed with a pass from Admiral Howe to proceed to
Nantucket. Soon after she left the Hook, to wit, on the
20th of August, 1776, she was taken by the Continental
sloops of war called the Mifflin and the Schuyler, and by
the sloop Montgomery fitted out by the State of New-
York, and carried into a harbour on the south side of Long
island, where she lay till the British troops got possession
of Long island, when the captors sent her into this port to
be libelled.
At the time of capture she had on board no certificate
that she had obtained leave to go on a whaling voyage.
Since her arrival here her owner from Nantucket has sent
the following certificate, to wit :
" Treasury office, Sept. 28th, 1775.
" I hereby certify that Wm. Rotch hath given bond ac-
cording to the direction of the General Assembly of this
Colony, in order to send on a whaling voyage the brig
Temple, Joshua Morris, master.
" HENRY GARDNER, Treas."
Quere. Whether it is advisable to libel the brig or not ?
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
217
[Letter from Genl. Washington giving an account of the landing of
the enemy on York island.]
Head-Quarters, at the Heights of Harlem, >
Heptr. 2M, 1776. S
Sir — Your favour of the 21st iaslant, enclosing the re-
solution of the Representatives of the State of New-York,
has come duly to hand, and will be properly attended to.
I am exceedingly obliged by the readiness you declare you
will pay to any commands which you may receive from
me respecting the great cause in which we are engaged.
The manoeuvres of the enemy, before their landing on
Sunday last, were various and perplexing ; however, about
eight o'clock in the morning, they became extremely plain
and obvious. At that lime they began their operations by
sending three ships of war up the North river, as high as
Bloomingdale, which put a stop to the removal of our
stores by water ; and about eleven those in the East river
began a constant and heavy cannonade, for the purpose of
scouring the grounds and covering the landing of their
troops, where breastworks had been thrown up to oppose
them. As soon as I heard the firing I immediately re-
paired to the place of landing, when, to my extreme asto-
nishment, I discovered the troops, who were posted in the
lines, retreating in the greatest disorder, and Parsons's and
Fellows's brigades, who were directed to support them, re-
treating in the greatest confusion, and without making the
slightest opposition, although only a small party of the
enemy appeared in view. As I perceived no dependence
could be reposed in these troops, and apprehending ano-
ther impression might be made on the Harlem plains, by
which means our retreat to this place might be cut off, I
directed the heights to be secured, and our retreat was ef-
fected with little or no loss of men, though of a considera-
ble part of the baggage, some of our heavy cannon and a
part of our stores and provisions, which we were about
removing, was unavoidably left in the city, though every
means, (after it had been determined in council to abandon
the post,) had been used to prevent it.
On Monday morning last, several parties of the enemy
appeared on the high grounds opposite to our heights, and
some skirmishing had happened between our troops and
those of the enemy. On reconnoitering their situation, I
formed the design of cutting off such of them as had or
might advance to the extremity of the wood. I accord-
ingly ordered three companies of Virginia riflemen, under
the command of Major Leitch, and Col. Knowlton, with
his rangers, to endeavour to get in their rear, while an ap-
parent disposition was making as if to attack them in front.
The enemy ran down the hill with great eagerness to at-
tack the party in front ; but, unluckily, from some mistake
or misapprehension, the parties under Major Leitch and
Col. Knowlton began the fire on their flank instead of their
rear. The major was soon brought off the field wounded,
and Col. Knowlton soon received a wound, of which he is
since dead. Their men, however, behaved with the great-
est resolution. Finding that they wanted assistance, I ad-
vanced part of Col. Griffith's and Col. Richardson's Ma-
ryland regiments, with some detachments of Eastern
troops, who charged the enemy and drove them from the
wood to the plain, and were still pursuing, when I judged
it prudent to withdraw them, fearing the enemy might be
sending a large reinforcement to their troops which were
engaged, which was the case, as I have since understood.
A sergeant who deserted from the enemy has informed me
their party was greater than I imagined ; as it consisted of
the 2nd battalion of light infantry, a battalion of Royal ] 1 igh-
landers, and three companies of Hessian riflemen, under
the command of General Leslie. Their loss, by his re-
port, amounted to 89 wounded and missing, and eight
killed ; in the latter his account is altogether imperfect, as
our people discovered and buried double that number. I
am in hopes this little success will be productive of salii-
[VoL. II.] 55
tary consequences, as our army seems to be greatly inspi-
rited by it.
I am, sir,
Your most obedt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Honble. Abraham Yates, Junr.
President of the Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from Egbert Dumond at Kingston.]
Kingston, September 25, 1776.
Sir — When I was last at Fishkill, the Convention made
an order to render an account of the flour bought agreeably
to an order delivered to me last summer, to be sent to Ti-
conderoga for the use of the army, which I herewith en-
close ; beg you to deliver the same to Mr. Banker, as I
have made no charge for any expenses ; and not being ac-
quainted what is customary to charge commissions, beg
you will do it, or desire Mr. Banker to do it for me. Mr.
Van Vleck promised me to pay into your hands the sum
of £70, which said money was left in his hands to pay
this account since last fall, as I have laid out the other part
of the cash that remains for powder and other charges.
The county convention long disputed who was the treasurer.
Could not get the accounts audited to draw the money
due to me from the treasury. As soon as the county con-
vention meets I shall settle the whole, as the Convention
of the Stale of New-York has settled that point about the
treasury. Must beg the favour of you to send me a few
lines by our post, as I expect to be at Fishkill the latter
end of ne.\t week if the county committee meets. I was
this morning at Mr. CHnton's ; your sister, and all the fa-
mily are well. I am now going to the forts with part of
Colo. Snyder's regiment ; shall return in two or three days.
Excuse haste.
I am, sir, your friend and humble servt.
EGBERT DUMOND.
[Captain Thos. Cregier's papers relative to the schooner Putnam.]
Fishkill, September 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have done myself the honour of wait-
ing upon your Honourable House, in order to lay before
you the state and condition of the schooner General Put-
nam, under my command, and finding there can be no Con-
vention by reason that some of the members are absent,
and it being uncertain when those gentlemen will return,
T, to avoid the expenses which myself and horse are at,
think it prudent to return to my house at the King's Bridge,
where I shaU remain at my own expense until I do receive
farther instructions from voiu- Honourable House.
Gentlemen, I must in the first place acquaint you, that
my provisions being expended, having not more on board
than will support the company about fifteen days ; in the
next place, my vessel being very small and low in the wa-
ter, iiiy largest ordnance being twelve swivel guns, the
shrouds very old and not trustworthy, my best bower cable
but very poor, the vessel very weak and leaky, which
weakness proceeded from hrr lying on a bar and a heavy
surf breaking over her when I was run on shore by a man
of war, the people much exposed when under sail or even
in hard rains, the water pouring into their cabins which
prevents them from lying in their beds. Diligent search
has been made in order to stop the leaks, but all to no pur-
pose, daily complaints being made by my people in regard
to the vessel's condition, and the season of the year ad-
vancing toward cold and stormy weather — this, genllcmen,
is certainly the condition of the vessel. The people almost
naked, having no shoes nor stockings, and the most part of
them not the second shirt to their backs ; no money has
been advanced to them but from my own private purse ;
no fresh meat allowed, although I have applied for it ; no
218
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Tum allowed them, which has occasioned much disturbance
on board ; they have demanded an allowance of a half pint
of rum per day, which is allowed the men in the Conti-
nental fleet, and insist upon it that the Provincial Congress
gives that allowance. A riot was made just before 1 left
the vessel in regard to their allowance of rum, in which
affair I was obliged to make use of my authority amongst
some of the principal ringleaders, upon which some of
them have undertaken to complain of my conduct to your
Honours by letter. I never heard that the conduct of a
commander was to be taken notice of from a report made
by a common boatswain, carpenter, or gunner, &c., men
who sacrifice every thing that is dear to them for a single
can of grog ; men whom 1 have picked up and put in office
on purpose to have the vessel manned, and as the vessel is
but very small I was glad to pick up any trash. I am very
clear you will not find any of my principal officers' names
in that complaint ; they are men of good famdies and cha-
racters, hearty in the cause of liberty ; if such men were
to complain of my conduct, I confess I ought to stand cor-
rected. Perhaps the names of my chief officers you would
be glad to know ; my chief lieutenant is Thomas Quigby,
David Walker is my second lieutenant, Eliakim Little is
the master, and Cornelius French is my mate ; and upon
the whole, I would recommend it to your Honourable
House to give directions to lay the vessel up as unfit for
any farther service this season, as I look upon keeping her
any longer in commission will only be a great expense
•without the gleam of any profit or service. As for my part,
I am determined not to enjoy a commission unless I can
be of service to my country, for I should, on that part of
the coast where the vessel is, only be picking the public's
pocket, as nothing is to be met with there but frigates,
sloops of war, and large tenders, which we are not able to
engage. I am determined to serve in the present cause,
and will spend my last moments in serving my country,
and fix myself at the seat of war, and whenever I am cal-
led on will cheerfully join heart and hand with my staunch
countrymen. The accounts of the vessel should be settled
and the people paid oflf, which matters I leave to be de-
termined by your Honours, and shall wait your command
with due respect, and am
Your most obedient humble servant,
THOxMAS CREGIER.
To the Honourable Gentlemen of the
Committee of the State of New- York,
In Committee of Safety, ^
for the County of Westchester, >
White Plains, Sept. mh, 1776. )
Gentlemen — As a great number of poor and indigent
persons, as well from the work house as others of New-
York, have been sent into this county, and no person to
take care of them, it has been recommended to us to pro-
vide houses for said poor, which we have done in the best
manner we could, which was to divide them in the several
districts of said county ; and as we find they must suflfer
though they have houses provided, unless they have food,
and as food is not to be got without money, we cannot find
any one to provide for the said poor without your Honour-
able House will interpose either by appointing some per-
son or persons to provide for them, or else to empower us
to appoint persons in each district to provide for them ; and
at the same time we must be furnished with money as well
to pay what has been laid out for the use of said poor as
to purchase more provision. Humanity causes us to soli-
cit your interposition, as without it, the poor must suffer in
spite of all can be done.
By order of committee.
JOHN THOMAS, Junr. Chairman.
The President of the Convention of the State
of New- York.
[Letter from Thad. Crane to Major Joseph Benedict.]
Salem, llh September, 1776.
Dear Sir — It is with regret I address you on the fol
lowing subject. I have left no stone unturned, to the end
the opposition to our cause which has so wickedly prevail-
ed here might be suppressed. I find my neighbours mflexi-
bly determined to fill up the measure of their guilt to the
brim. The present situation of our enemy has so spirited
up our tories that except our Convention provide some im-
mediate remedy, 1 shall be driven to the disagreeable ne-
cessity of seeing our important measures obstructed by the
men whose principles I abhor, and make no attempt to
detect their machinations. I have several times lately been
called upon to execute orders with which it has not been
in my power to comply, and am continually liable to mis-
fortunes of this kind, a circumstance with which I am ex-
tremely disobliged. However, sir, I must tell you that
such is the state of the neighbourhood in which I am unhap-
pily situated, that except some more effectual measures are
taken, and that speedily, I must, with some few of my good
neighbours, suppress my sentiments through fear of falhng
under the resentment of a set of abandoned fellows, of
whose cruel designs we want no proof. But, sir, it is
needless for me to dwell on a subject with which you are
so well acquainted. I would only suggest to you what I
think might be done, through which your friends might be
relieved and the general cause served, if you should concur
in sentiment with me. I beg the favour of you that you
wait on the Honourable Convention of this State, and
through our members petition the House that Capt. Saml.
Dellevan be commissioned to raise a company of 25 or 30
men for the purpose of awing and detecting those insulting
villains. His known character is a sufficient recommend
to all who know him. He has, I think, every qualification
requisite to such appointment ; his situation very conve-
nient, &c. On the whole, sir, I beg leave to suggest to
you that the removal of a number of persons from this and
other parts of our county is absolutely necessary, and that
the advantage which may be expected therefrom depends
on its being speedily done.
I am, sir, with much esteem.
Your very humble servant,
THAD. CRANE.
Major Benedict, Corllandt Manor,
Chairman of Committee.
[Letter from Major Joseph Benedict to Col. Gilb. Drake.]
Cortlandt Manor, lith September, 1776.
Sir — The unhappy situation of our affairs at this most
critical conjuncture, will no doubt sufficiently apologize for
this address to you. The state of Cortlandt's manor and
northern part of Salem you are too well acquainted with to
want any intelligence from me. The almost criminal dis-
affection of our ungrateful neighbours, is, I think, now
become a subject worthy the immediate attention of the
guardians of this State. The present near approach of
the enemy has emboldened our tories to a most intolerable
degree ; they are indeed now prepared for adventures such
as, till now, they dared not attempt. I am under the painful
necessity of telling you that except the leaders of this bfine-
ful herd can be removed to some remote part of the coun-
try, whereby the mischievous effects of their secret con-
ferences with their unmeaning adherents may be prevented.
Your friends must not only be insulted as advocates for the
cause of our country, but lie continually under pressing
apprehensions of more important sufferings through the
wicked attacks of those abandoned fellows, made on their
persons or estates. What horrid crimes they may soon
commit. Heaven only knows. I have no reason from pre-
sent appearance to think they are governed by principles
of manhood or justice. On the whole, sir, a delay in this
matter for a few days may prevent all the advantage of
such measures as may now be under deliberation. I think
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
219
the immediate removal of some persons is of great and
very obvious importance.
I am, sir, with esteem,
Your very liumble servant,
JOSEPH BENEDICT.
To Col. Gilbert Drake.
[Letter from John Hunter, relative to the linen manufactory at King's
Bridge.]
King's Bridge, I9th Sepr. 1776.
Sir — I have been very industrious in getting the linen
manufactory removed to Hackensack ; it is necessary for
my slaying there to have it carried on. Genl. Scott would
not have me resign my commission without orders from
Congress. Mr. Roosevelt is for me continuing with the
factory. Mr. Ramsay has been sick for some lime at
Ehzabethtown. Please send me an answer by return of
the post, to be left at Genl. Scott's.
I am, sir, yours respectfully,
JOHN HUNTER.
To John McKesson, Esqr. one of the
Secretaries of the Convention of the
State of New-York, at Fishkill.
[Letter from William Johnston.]
Unadilla, I8th September, 1776.
An extract of a letter from Mr. Spencer at the Oneidas,
to Colonel Dalten at Fort Schuyler, formerly called Fort
JStanwix, warning the inhabitants to take care, for Butler
was landed at Oswego with 700 men, Indians and Cana-
dians, and it is said there are more coming. They are in-
tended to attack the country in five different places, viz.
German-Flats, Stone Arabia, Mohawk river, the Delaware,
and it is supposed Susquehannah river too ; and now you
can take care and put yourselves in readiness, and send
word to Cosheihton, and stand your ground, and keep a
ranging company to watch their roads from Chenango
across to you, and from Owego, and from Tioga. The
people at the Mohawk river are in great confusion, so that
our Unadilla people can get not much help from them.
They have raised three companies, seventy-eight men in
each company, to range in the woods on the frontiers, and
are all employed now ; and the country has had an alarm,
occasioned by our scout finding a fire in the woods, and
some fresh pork on sticks roasting by the fire, above Sha-
nackadays, up the North river ; the scout was so close to
them, that they ran up a hill ; and it appeared by their
tracks to be about 17 or 18 men, and our scouts ran around
the hill, but could not see them. It is supposed they got
their meat from some that supported them there ; and I
hope that all good people upon Delaware, will take parti-
cular care, and not let any disaffected persons be harboured
about you in the woods.
Now, sir, you may see by the above, the danger you and
we are in ; and as we lie just in the way for the enemy to
make their march to you, and to prevent their so doing,
and for our mutual safety, sir, you would do well to use
your best endeavours to lend us thirty or forty men, to be
stationed here, for .some lime, at Unadilla, with store of
arms and ammunition, for we resolve, as long as life per-
mits, to stand our ground, if we can have but some assis-
tance. Our Onaquagas, at the news of Butler's army at
Oswego, mustered up in all speed about 25 or 30 of their
chiefs ; and ihey were pleased, in a friendly manner, to
come out of their way to tell us not to fear, as yet they
would meet their friends at Oneida to prevent the enemy
coming down upon us, and advise all Indians to lie by and
not meddle in the present dispute ; and if friend Indians
would not be advised to lie neuter, our Indians arc gone
prepared to make battle against them ; and if tliere was
any immediate danger, they would send two of their num-
ber to inform us. As yet we have had no account ; in
four or five days we expect them here, if they can keep
the friend Indians from lifting the hatchet against us. What
further may be said on this subject, the bearer, Mr. Carr,
can inform. Your care in this, and answer with speed,
will greatly oblige us, your friends and well-wishers here
in general, and me and mine in particular, who remain
yours in all sincere affection, whilst,
WILLIAM JOHNSTON.
P. )S. This to be laid before your committee, or such
good friends as would give us immediate aid against ap-
proaching danger. Further, the bearer informs, that the
self same day he came away, there was a man from Ge-
nanga, who informs that Butler has sent to them to come
and treat with him, or else he would send an army to cut
them off ; and the chiefs are all gone to the treaty. And
the Onaquaga Indians say, that if they can not have help
soon, they must either join, or do something else. The
Onaquaga Indians say they must have word within ten or
twelve days, so as to know what to do in the aflfair.
[Information of the mate of the vessel from Lake Champlain.]
September 29, 1776.
Left camp 18th Septr. 2 o'clock ; about 200 sick, prin-
cipally with a little flux ; most of them fit to stand on
guard at the camp ; none dangerous ; little fever and ague.
That they have made fascines at Isle Noix to land their
cannon on ; their cannon in good order ; the army in ge-
neral well. Isle Noix low land, bears clover ; a French
family on it ; a large barn on it, which would make a good
barrack ; a dry, fine soil. Met Lamb opposite to Isle La
Molt ; they went about 8 knots ; would get to the army in
4 hours ; met him 19th. Goforth at Isle Noix ; 3 compa-
nies at Ticonderoga, 22d and 23d, of grey with green ; at
Lake George a company, Capt. Woodward, 25th of grey
with blue, these were proceeding ; at Albany 27, part of
three companies waiting for arms, they were proceeding ;
a company from New-York at Crown Point, only stayed a
night ; 21st, in the morning, they proceeded ; Stephen
McDougall there. Near 3,000 fit for duly. Major Brown
came with a guard of 50 Canadians, and got 100 men,
volunteers, who went to Chamblee, and got safe ; belongs
to Easton's regiment ; lives at Sandersfield ; about 26
years of age.
[A letter from Gilbert Livingston, as to chain across Hudson river.]
Poughkeepsie, September 14<ft, 1776.
Sir — ^Your letter of the 14th current, is safely come to
hand ; am sorry it is not in my power to take the chain
down to the fort.
The iron the committee (by the advice of the smiths)
first engaged, on working up, we find vastly short of the
quantity wanted ; since I have been here, have been oblig-
ed (no other of the committee being with me) to send an
express to the forge for ten tons more.
This I fear will cause a delay we by no means expected ;
and as finishing the work depends on the contingency of
getting the iron, it is impossible for me to guess tiie time
when it will be finished.
I sincerely wish that at least one of the gentlemen of the
committee were with me, as I expect to be obliged to go
down to the fort to see that the apparatus is got ready to
fasten and stretch the chain with, tliat there may be no de-
lay on that account.
If one of the gentlemen come up, it will be necessary
that he brings at least two or three thousand pounds with
him, as our treasury is nearly exhausted.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your very humble servant,
GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
To AiiRAHAM Yates, Junr. Esqr.
President of the Convention of the State of New-York.
220
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from H. Hughes.]
King's Bridge, Sept. llth, 1776.
Sir — The Commissary-General, and commissary of
ordnance stores, having complained of two Albany skippers
who have deserted tlie service without discharging their
loading. One of them, named Brooks, lias such utensils
for supplying the army with soap and candles, that the
business can not be carried on without them. The other,
named Rolf, or Roff, has ammunition on board, besides
sundry articles belonging to the Quarter-Master-General's
department it is said. It is not known but the first men-
tioned may have some things belonging to the same de-
partment also.
As such conduct may immediately be attended with the
worst consequences to the United States, besides setting
a most dangerous and scandalous example, the General
has directed me to acquaint your Honourable House there-
with, in order that a suitable remedy may be timely ap-
plied.
I have the honour to be, with the greatest respect,
Sir, your most obedient and very humble servt.
HUGH HUGHES,
Asst. Q. M. G.
To the Honourable the President of the
Convention of the State of New-Y6rk.
[A letter from Cornelius Glen to Abraham Yates, Jnnr., Esqr.]
Mbamj, the 13lh Sept. 1776.
Mr. Abraham Yates, Junr. :
Sir — Whereas the time for the annual election for a
treasurer is near at hand, I have this day consulted with
Judge Ten Eyck, who refers me to your opinion on this
matter, as being privy to the intention of Congress, as
well to the new form of government now forming, and
as such should be very glad of your advice, whether we
must proceed in the usual mode, or drop the matter until
a plan is prescribed for this department. Your answer on
this head will be very agreeable, and necessary to have it
soon. And am, with respect.
Your most obedient hum. servt,
CORNS. GLEN.
P. S. Mr. Yates is undoubtedly acquainted that the ex-
pense of this department is always accrued, and due the
year before it is raised, so that if it is not continued it is a
grievance to the people who performed the service.
[Letter from Jacob Cuyler.]
.Albany, the 16th Sept. 1776.
Sir — In obedience to the order of the Committee of
Safety, I did, on my arrival here yesterday morning, wait
on General Schuyler with the papers to me delivered, and
conferred with the General on the subject matter. But
previous to my arrival, orders were sent down to Ulster
and Dutchess to stop the march of the militia. The Ge-
neral mentioned to me he would write to the Convention,
and give them all the intelligence, both from the northward
and westward. It will, therefore, be needless for me to
say any thing on that subject.
I propose to stay a few days with my family, and then
to join the Convention.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedient and most humble servt.
JACOB CUYLER.
To Abraham Yatks, Esqr.,
President of the Convention.
[Resolves of Congress for raising an array in the several States.]
" In Congress, September iSth, 1776.
" Resolved, That eighty-eight battalions be enlisted as
soon as possible, to serve during the present war, and that
each State furnish their respective quotas in the following
proportions, viz :
"New-Hampshire, 3 Battalions.
Massachusetts Hay, J5 do
Uhode-Island, t 2 do
Connecticut, g do
New-York, 4 do
New-Jersey, 4 do
Pennsylvania, 12 do
Delaware, 1 do
Maryland, 8 do
Virginia, 15 do
North Carolina, 9 do
South Carolina, 6 do
Georgia, 1 do
" That twenty dollars be given as a bounty to each non-
commissioned officer and private soldier, who shall enlist
to serve during the present war, unless sooner discharged
by Congress.
" That Congress make provision for granting lands in
the following proportions, to the officers and soldiers who
shall so engage in the service, and continue therein to the
close of the war, or until discharged by Congress, and to
the representatives of such officers and soldiers as shall be
slain by the enemy ; such lands to be provided by the
United Stales, and whatever expense shall be necessary to
procure such land, the said expense shall be paid and borne
by the States in the same proportion as the other expenses
of the war, viz :
" To a colonel, 500 Acres.
" lieutenan^colonel, 450 do
" major, 400 do
" captain, .300 do
" lieutenant, 200 do
To an ensign, 150 do
Each non-commissioned officer and soldier,.. . 100 do
" That the appointment of all officers and filling up va-
cancies (except general officers) be left to the governments
of the several States, and that every State provide arms,
clothing, and every necessary for its quota of troops ac-
cording to the foregoing estimate ; the expense of the
clothing to be deducted from the pay of the soldiers as
usual.
" That all officers be commissioned by Congress.
"That it be recommended to the several States that
they take the most speedy and effectual measures for en-
listing their several quotas. That the money to be given
for bounties be paid by the paymaster in the department
where the soldier shall enlist.
" That each soldier receive pay and subsistence from
the time of their enlistment.
"September 18th, 1776.
" Resolved, That if rations be received by the officers
or privates in the Continental army in money, they be paid
at the rate of eight-ninetieth parts of a dollar per ration.
" That the bounty and grants of land, offered by Con-
gress by a resolution of the 16th instant, as an encourage-
ment to the officers and soldiers to engage to serve in the
army of the United States during the war, shall extend to
all who are or shall be enlisted for that term, the bounty of
ten dollars which any of the soldiers have received from
the Continent on account of a former enlistment, to be
reckoned in part payment of the twenty dollars offered by
said resolution.
" That no officer in the Continental army be allowed to
hold more than one commission, or to receive pay but in
one capacity.
" September 19th, 1776.
" That the adjutants of regiments in the Continental
army be allowed the pay and rations of captains, and have
the rank of first lieutenants.
" In order to prevent the officers and soldiers, who shall
be entitled to the lands hereafter to be granted by the reso-
lution of Congress of the 16th, from disposing of the same
during the war,
" Resolved, That this Congress will not gram any lands
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
221
to any person or persons claiming under the assignment of
an officer or soldier.
" By order of the Congress.
"JOHN HANCOCK, Presidents
[Wm. Douglass's certificate from Capt. Hamilton, certifying that he
has lost his arm.]
I do hereby certify that Wra. Douglass, the bearer
hereof, faithfully served as a matross in my company till
he lost his arm by an unfortunate accident, while engaged
in firing at some of the enemy's ships. He is therefore
recommended to the attention of those who have been ap-
pointed to carry into execution the late resolve of the Con-
tinental Congress, by which provision is made for all per-
sons disabled in the service of the United States.
A. HAMILTON,
Capt. of Artillery.
Netv-York, Sept. Uth, 1776.
[Letter from the Committee of Westchester county, relative to the
examination of prisoners. J
In consequence of orders from your Honourable House,
to me directed as chairman of the general committee of
Westchester county, relative to the examination of the
persons apprehended with Lownsberry, I caused the said
prisoners, to wit, Jacob Scureman, Bloomer Neilson, Jo-
seph Turner and Samuel Haines, to be brought before
me ; Josiah Disbrow, the other prisoner, being unable to
be removed on account of his being wounded at the time
of his apprehension.
Scureman says — He was going over to Rye from New-
Rochelle ; came across three or four men with Lownsberry
in the woods ; stopped and talked with Lownsberry ; did
not show the enlisting paper, nor ask him to sign it ; he
did not know Lownsberry was there till he saw him ;
they had three or four guns in company ; did not bring
one himself. Says he was on board the Phoenix in the
North river ; was persuaded by Godfrey Haines to go, but
he went with Joshua Ferris ; did not come away with
him. Upon the whole, said Scureman did not incline to
tell the truth.
Neilson says — He was in company with Lownsberry at
the place aforesaid ; did not meet by an agreement ; con-
fesses his name was put to the enlistment ; he got no
money. Says that Lownsberry came from Staten island
last ; that Lownsberry overpersuaded him.
Turner (taken up on Sutton's Neck — his name was in
Lownsberry's list) says — Lownsberry asked him to sign
the enlistment ; he did not sign it himself, but Lownsberry
put his name down ; was to' have £3 sterling bounty, pro-
mised him by Lownsberry.
Haines says — He promised Lownsberry to enlist with
him last spring ; enlisted a few days before taken ; the
night after Lownsberry was taken he was to go to Staten
island.
The above persons appeared altogether evasive in their
answers, and not willing to give a true account. They
are sent up to Kingston jail.
I would further inform your Honourable House, that
Jonathan Purdy, Junr. a young fellow who went with
Barnes to Slalen island, in March last, and Gilbert Horton
of the White Plains, have, before our committee, called
themselves subjects of King George, and claim the privi-
leges of prisoners of war. These persons are in confine-
ment, and I should be glad your Honourable House will
give us some directions concerning them and all ollicrs
who declare in that way as we expect to find more of
them.
I am your very humble servant,
JOHN THOMAS, Jr. CJiairman.
13lk Septr. 1776.
[Vol. ii.J 56
King's Bridge, 13tk Septr. 1776.
Sir — The bearers, William Treadwell and Mr. Lud-
lum, went over from New-Rochelle to Long island soon
after the retreat of our army from that place, and con-
tinued there till yesterday. On their return to New-
Rochelle, Colo. Drake, by my directions, sent them here.
I have examined them, and transmitted the intelligence
they give to His Excellency General Washington, and I
now send them to the Honourable the Convention of the
State, as well to account for their conduct in going over to
the island when in the hands of the enemy, as that they
may be further examined.
I am, with much esteem.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. Enclosed is a line they wrote to Genl. Washing-
ton, which he handed over to me.
To the Honourable the President of the
Convention of the State of New-York, at Fishkill.
[A letter from Eben Hazard, respecting the Albany post and postage
due to him.]
Dobbs's Ferry, Sept. 12th, 1776.
Sir — I am honoured with your letter, of 10th instant,
desiring, in behalf of the Committee of Safely, that the
Albany post may ride on the east side of Hudson's river,
and cross it at the Fishkill or New- Windsor when it is his
turn to ride on the west side. In answer to it, I beg leave
to inform you that I can see no reason why he should not
ride as the Committee request, unless it will be contrary
to the following order from the Comptroller, dated the 7th
inst : " I desire the route of the Albany post may not be
altered till there is an absolute necessity or order from the
Postmaster-General." However, sir, I can not conceive
that the alteration you propose can any way affect the re-
venue of the post-office, or occasion any inconvenience to
the public ; and therefore, for my own part, shall have no
objections against it. But I do not expect to have the
management of those matters much longer, having desired
that another postmaster may be appointed for the district
of New-York.
I am respectfully, sir,
Yours and the Committee's
Most obedt. humb. servt.
EBEN HAZARD.
P. S. The Convention are indebted to me for some
postage. Will you please to procure an order for the pay-
ment of it?
To Abraham Yates Junr. Esqr. President
of the Committee of Safety at Fishkills.
New-London, Septr. Uth. 1776.
Sir — I am sorry to acquaint you with the loss of part
of my cargo of salt, about 700 bushels, that was stored
on the south side, and my medicines. I saved my pepper
and paper, raisins and prunes. The medicines being so
heavy that I could not get them down to tiie boat, and ihe
wagons were all pressed to convey the regulars' baggage.
The island was delivered up 48 hours before I knew any
thing of it. The privateers left it two days before I could
get away, and left six prizes, which were all in tory pos-
session. I have about 700 bushels in, more or less,
which I have put under the direction of the Congress
here till hearing from the Honourable Congress of New-
York. I should be glad to know how to proceed.
I am, sir.
Your humble servant,
ALEX. EXUEN.
Abraham P. Lott, Esqr, member of the
Honourable Congress of New-York.
222
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
[Gen. P. Ten Broeck's instruction to Col. Humphrey.]
Rhynbeeck, 15th September, 1776.
Sir — As the Convention has been pleased to make a re-
solve to order 175 men to be raised in the county of Dutch-
ess, for a reinforcement for the forts in the Highlands, you
are hereby commanded to raise 25 men in your regiment
immediately, for your quota, and supply them with good
arms if possible, and all accoutrements, and a camp kettle
to every six men, and to be on Continental pay from their
enlistment, and be allowed one penny a mile on their march
to the forts, and to stand two months after their arrival, if
not sooner discharged by the Convention. You are hereby
desired to meet me on Friday the 20th instant, at twelve
o'clock that day, at Poughkeepsie, to consult on raising
the officers. Fail not at your peril.
Given under my hand, Head-Quarters, to the above
date.
PETRUS TEN BROECK, Brig. Gen.
To Col. WiLUAM Humphrey.
King's Bridge, September 29, 1776.
Dear Sir — I returned last night from Moriscany, which
place I have been at for three days past on command. I
had a good deal of conversation with some of the High-
land regulars, one in particular, who told me it was disa-
greeable to him to take up arms against us, as he had a
number of friends among us, and wished heartily for a re-
conciliation. I asked him how many of the Highlanders
were killed in skirmish the other night ; he told me there
was four killed, and one missing, which he expected we
had taken prisoner. His account of Major Hetfield, was,
that he was wounded just above the eye, and he thought,
was in danger of losing his eye. I don't think that there
is above fifty regulars kept on Montorzor's island, they
mount but twelve sentinels in the day, and double them at
night. There is kept, I suppose, about five hundred on
the island next to Montorzors, according to their tents and
movements.
Capt. Lamb, and about 400 of our prisoners taken at
Quebec, have got to Elizabeth Town ; they were sent
away upon their parole of honour, to return when demand-
ed, and not to take up arms without a change of prisoners.
Mr. Taylor came from the line to day, who acts as Brig.
Major to Gen. McDougall, and says our people surprised
a party of regulars in a house near their lines and got a
chest of medicines.
I know of no movements in our army or our enemy's.
We have got our lines well fortified, our people chiefly
under cover so as to be comfortable. Two large mortars
from Boston, of solid metal, was day before yesterday
carried to Fort Washington.
I am, sir, your sincere friend and hum. servt.
ISAAC NICOLL.
To John McKesson, Secy.
[Letter from John S. Hobart, Esq. stating that Col. Livingston and his
detachment are ordered to the Highlands, &c.]
Head-Quarters, September 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — I wrote to you last night by Capt. Rogers,
since which, have conversed with General Washington,
who has ordered Lieut. Col. Livingston to repair to the
forts in the Highlands with his detachment ; if this rein-
forcement should arrive, it cannot be sufficient : therefore
I hope that no pains will be spared to bring the militia
already ordered to those posts.
With respect to the exchange of General Woodhull, I
have agreed to furnish Mr. Lewis, now here, with a copy
of the resolution of Convention respecting that subject, and
to solicit his interposition with Congress that the General
may be exchanged as soon as possible ; this being done, I
propose to proceed to Connecticut to-morrow, and there
wait an answer to mine of yesterday by Capt. Rogers,
who I suppose will return immediately.
I am extremely sorry to say that I can hear no intelli-
gence of the committee of safety you ordered to sit below
the Highlands.
I have been this morning upon the lines and observed
that the enemy are erecting works to annoy our advanced
posts. God send them disappointment. In haste I remain,
Your most obedt. servt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
To the Provincial Congress, New-York.
[Letter from John SIoss Hobart.]
Camp at Cambridge, Septr. 25th, 1776.
Gentlemen — In pursuance of your orders I called at
the forts in the Highlands, and found things in as good a
state as could be expected considering the number of men
in garrison. I have mentioned to General Washington
your request, that a reinforcement might be sent from
hence. His answer was, that from the slate of the array,
it was impossible to be complied with. I saw him yester-
day evening, but as he was much indisposed and crowded
with business, I avoided pressing him upon tiie subject. I
have not wailed on him to-day, as I suppose him engaged
with a committee of Congress who arrived as I left Head-
Quarters last evening, but intend to urge if I should see
him, as I propose to-morrow, that at least Col. Livingston
with his detachment may be sent there.
When I shewed him your resolve respecting the ex-
change of General Woodhull, he asked who we had to
propose ? I mentioned Mr. Matthews as the only person
they would probably think of as cm equivalent. He
doubted the propriety of such an offer, as Mr. Matthews
was not in the military line he would not perhaps be ac-
cepted, and'besides, the exchanging of a person charged
with treasonable practices against ,the United States for a
gentleman taken in arms, might probably be thought not
altogether so proper by some people. These were
doubts which I confess it was not in my power to obvi-
ate ; however, I shall introduce the subject again to-mor-
row, and endeavour to know the General's sentiments
explicilly upon it. He told me if I would draw up any
proposal he would send it over by the first flag. I was
in hopes he would have offered some one of the persons
he took up and sent to Connecticut ; but as he did not
mention it I thought such a proposal would come with a
very bad grace from me, as we had neglected to take the
precaution of securing the crown officers and disaffected
persons amongst us. However, that I may leave no
stone unturned for the relief of our worthy President, I
shall consult Mr. Lewis who is one of the committee of
Congress, and if possible draw from the General an offer
of one of those men ; should I fail of success, shall set
out with a heavy heart for Fairfield in order to comply
with your directions about Kelchum, who, I am informed
by Capt. Rogers, is there in jail.
While I am writing, General Clinton has picked up a
letter from Mr. Duer, requesting to know the particulars
of the conflagration of New-York, and what measures are
taking to exchange Generals Sullivan and Lord Stirling.
The city is burnt from the Bowling green on the west
side of the Broadway to the College, except the buildings
of Mr. J. Courtlandt and Mr. Rutherford's houses, and on
the east side to within two doors of the house lately oc-
cupied by General McDougall, and the west side of Broad-
street from the Exchange to Vertletanberg-street. Gene-
ral Howe disclaims any knowledge of the matter until the
city was in flames, and in order to evince his sincerity, we
are told he threw several persons suspected of being con-
cerned into the flames ; several others were hanging up by
the heels and afterwards had their throats cut, this we
suppose has been done in order to take the odium of such a
crime from the army. The most rational conjecture we
can make for the cause of the fire, is, that the array hav-
ing been promised the plunder of the town in case of con-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
223
quest, and finding from their late repulse that such an
event is rather far distant for their impatience, have set
fire to the town in order to facilitate their views.
As to the exchange, General Prescott is on his way to
relieve General Sullivan. The matter of Lord Stirling
is not settled, as Genl. Howe excepts to his being ex-
changed for iVIcDonald, who, he says, ouly bears the rank
of a major in his army. Our Canada prisoners are at
the Hook, and are to be sent on shore on their parole.
This will be handed you by Capt. Rogers who will
give you a full account of his cruise and success, from
which you will be able to judge of the expediency of re-
taining or selling the Montgomery. Should the latter be
your determination, beg I may have the refusal of her, as I
will take her with her cannon and stores at the appraisal of
any two indifferent persons. Shall be glad to know how
I shall dispose of the three hundred and twenty pounds of
public money I left at Fairfield. A letter in answer by
Capt. Rogers, will much oblige
Your most obedt. servt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
To the Honble. the Convention of New- York.
[A letter from Capt. Thos. Cregier, of the privateer vessel of war,
Putnam.]
Fishkills, September 27, 1776.
Most worthy Sir —
Your Honourable House has been pleased to give me
liberty to return to my house at King's Bridge, where 1 shall
wait the commands of your Honours, and will be glad to
have vour directions how I am to apply for the money to
pay off my people. I will take it a singular favour, if you
will be pleased to direct my letter or instructions, which
you may be pleased to send me, under cover to Colonel
Lasher, at the King's Bridge, who is noted by every one,
as he diets and breakfasts at my house.
I am, with due respect, sir.
Your humble servt.
THOMAS CREGIER.
[A letter from Thos. Randall, relative to the privateer Putnam.]
Elizabethtown, Sept. 7th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed is a letter from the lieutenant
of your schooner Gen. Putnam, who informs you that the
the captain went away without letting him know of his go-
ing, and of course it must be a neglect of his duty. You
also have a petition from the ship's company, which com-
plaint I fear is too true ; you will be pleased to take such
steps as you think fit; for my part I think it would be best to
appoint anew commander for her ; the lieut. I believe would
be more industrious in the service. I also think it would
not be amiss to order the people to be paid about one half
of their wages, to supply them with clothes and stores, j
should do myself the pleasure of waiting on Congress, but
can not, owing to my bad situation ; being so near the
enemy, and at a loss where to find a place of safety for
my family. Any thing you command me to do here I shall
readily comply with.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
THOS. RANDALL.
To the Hon. President, and gentleman of
the Congress of tlje State of New-York.
/
[A letter fro|ja D. Mathews.]
Litchfield, 2oth Sept. 1776.
Sia — I received your letter yesterday, dated the 28th
August, and should be glad if I am to appear before you,
that it might be soon, for if it is delayed a few weeks lon-
ger, I shall appear before you as Adam did to himself after
he had eat the forbidden fruit, for I only brought here a few
summer clothes, and there are none to be bought here if I
had ever so much money ; and you will perceive from my
letter to Mrs. Mathews, what effect my letter of credit had.
I can get nothing from home, for I have never heard a
word from my wife and children since the King's troops
landed on Long island, so that I can't tell whether they are
in the land of the living or not, and if living now, it seems
very probable that they will starve before next spring, as
they have no one to provide the least article for them.
I had one jaunt to Hartford and was sent back here. I
expect every day to be ordered to some other part of the
Province, for there are some people at work to make my
life as uneasy as possible, as you will see by the enclosed
copy of a letter from Capt. Seymour to the Governor. The
committee here have been compelled to write to Governor
Trumbull for my removal, in order to pacify some people
who are set on by some designing men. They insist I can
blow up this town if I set myself about it. They make
me out to be a worker of miracles. O that I could ! I would
soon leave them in the town to themselves. The sheriff
has given orders that I shall not approach the jail lest the
doors fly open and the prisoners escape. I really had ne-
ver thought myself of so much consequence until I come
here, where I find by report, that I have an army of ten
thousand men, and can do more than any of the ancient
knight errants could boast of. This mighty consequence I
am afraid will, nevertheless, be the means of my being
both hungry and naked very soon.
I should not have returned to this cold wilderness had
not the sheriff at Hartford declared, that he must, if I was
delivered to him by virtue of Gov. Trumbull's warrant,
lock me up in jail, where I had no bed nor any thing to
rest on. However, as it seems it must come to it soon, I
hope my end may come at the same time, and that I hope
will satisfy all my enemies.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant.
D. MATHEWS.
Abraham Yates, £sqr.
[Copy of a letter from Moses Seymour to Govr. Trumbull.]
Litchfield, 20t/i Septr. 1776.
Sir — I am extremely sorry to trouble your Honour at a
time when matters of the greatest importance are constantly
employing your attention, but being drove to the necessity
by some very troublesome people, of applying to your
Honour for the justification of my conduct, I make no
doubt your Honour will excuse the trouble I may give you
in a matter in which some people are pleased to say my
character is concerned.
When I did myself the honour of waiting on you at
Lebanon, I delivered to you a letter from Mr. Mathews,
the contents of which, I understood to be a request from
him to your Honour, that he might be either put under the
care of the committee at Hartford, or be returned to Litch-
field under my care. Mr. Mathews before he wrote that
letter had put the question to me, whether if he obtained
your leave to return to Litchfield, I would consent to take
him to my house, I told him if he could be accommodated
at Hartford it would be better, but that if your Honour
should order him back, I would do every thing in my
power to make his stay as comfortable as possible, espe-
cially as I was informed by some of the committee, that
they had no objection to his stay at Litchfield, and that the
only difficulty was with some few people who insisted that
I liad nothing to shew for my keeping him.
Your Honour was pleased as I conceive in consequence
of Mr. Malhews's request in his letter, to order him
back to his place under my custody, where every thing re-
mained quiet until yesterday, when about a dozen people,
without alleging the least cause of complaint against Mr.
Mathews's conduct, or mine, except in bringing him back,
wailed on our committee and insisted that I should be
called before them, in order to shew why 1 biought Mr.
224
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &:c.
Mathews back. I accordingly waited on the commiltee,
and produced your Honour's order ; they then insisted that
such order would not have been granted only at my par-
ticular request, or some other gentlemen, which have in-
duced me thus to appeal to your Honour. For although my
principles and character are too well known and estabhshed
to be hurt by such people, 1 should nevertheless be ex-
tremely obliged to your Honour, for a few lines by way of
information, whether Mr. Mathews's return here was not
solely in consequence of his letter, and the information that
the commiltee had no objections to his stay. For I believe
your Honour will remember that I mentioned that if Mr.
Mathews could be accommodated at Hartford, it would be
full as agreeable to me, as he could be better supplied there
than at Litchfield. This I believe will put a stop to any
further uneasiness, as they give out that it was solely
through my means or some of the committee, that Mr.
Mathews was sent back here.
I can safely say that my conduct through this whole
business has been governed by those principles which are
dictated by humanity, and will always induce me to treat
a person well, who behaves well. If Mr. Mathews was to
busy himself with politics, or endeavored to pursuade
people from the cause of their country, there is no man
that would sooner turn him from his house than myself,
but I believe there is no person here knows from his con-
duct, what his political creed is, for he avoids talking on
politics. However, if your Honour should order him away,
1 have no objection.
I am, sir, your most obedient servt.
MOSES SEYMOUR.
Governor Trumbull.
[Letter from Henry Remsen conveying an account against the Conven-
tion.]
Morrit Town, 26 Septr. 1776.
Sir — The day after my return home from Connecticut,
which was the 21st inst. I received a letter from Major G.
Abeel, advising that the Honourable Convention had ap-
pointed me, with himself and Major Van Zandt, a com-
mittee of safety and correspondence below the Highlands.
I should, immediately, with pleasure, have attended on that
or any other business that the Convention appointed me
to, did the situation of my family admit of my absence.
On my return from Connecticut I found two of my sons
unwell, and they continue very ill of a fever, which the
doctor calls nervous and remitting, so as to be confined to
their beds ; and Mrs. Remsen is at present in a situation
that I can not with propriety leave her. She is without
any of her relations, among strangers, and near a perilous
hour, which she expects soon. I have also some commer-
cial matters, of a public and private concern, to attend to ;
besides I have ray house to new cover ; in its present situ-
ation it is untenantable by the leakiness of the roof. The
carpenters promised to finish it above six weeks ago — I
have hopes they will begin their work in seven or eight
days.
I shall, (God willing,) attend my duty as soon as possi-
ble, and I hope in a few weeks, in person, to report to
Convention my proceedings in regard to the merchandise
imported by Messrs. Van Zandt, Pintard and self, by order
of a former Congress. Governor Cooke, of Rhode-Is-
land, has not acted politely nor friendly to our State ; he
thought proper to detain part of our goods some weeks as
a security for a debt due from one private person in our
State to another in their State ; and through my agency
the money was sent and our goods liberated. For parti-
culars I beg leave to refer you to Capt. Jno. Harrison,
(who went the voyage.) I have desired him to attend the
transportation of the goods by land to the Fishkills, and to
deliver them to the order of Convention, and for that pur-
pose advanced to him a sum of money, but I believe not
sufl&cient to pay for the whole transportation.
Capt. Harrison will also give information of his having
shipped, from prudential motives, 70 barrels of gunpow-
der, on board of an armed vessel from St. Eustalia to
Charles Town, South Carolina, to be delivered to the
Committee or Council of Safety there. I shall write a
line to Mr. P. Livingston, at Philadelphia, and request him
by means of the Delegates in Congress for that State, to
have a like quantity, viz. three tons and a half, delivered to
our Convention, or (if used there) money sufficient to pur-
chase as much.
Enclosed you have Mr. Jos. Hallet's account of the
freight of his sloop, stated exactly as we agreed with him
for the voyage ; and as he has applied for the money, sliall
be glad if Convention will order payment to Mr. Jacobus
Van Zandt, or his order, who will transmit the same to Mr.
Hallet.
I beg the favour of Convention to spare, for my family's
use, one piece of the finest blue broadcloth and two pieces
of the finest linen. On re-examining my stock of linen,
find I was robbed of more than I at first apprehended. I
will allow the price, be it more or less ; and I believe Mr.
Gerard Bancker will take the trouble to lay it by for me.
I am, very respectfully, sir.
Your and the Convention's,
Obedt. and very h. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
To the President of the Convention for
the State of Kew-York, convened at
Fishkills.
Messrs. Jacobus Van Zandt, Louis Pintard and Henry Remsen, in be-
half of the Provincial Congress of New-York.
DR. To Joseph Hallet.
For freight of the sloop Nancy, Jno. Harrison, master, from
New-York, in Octor. 1775, to Bonrdeaux, in France, per
agreement entered into with them for Provincial Congress, £550 0 0
For demurrage, 26 days, at40«. sterling per day, 52 0 0
Sterling, £602 0 0
Exchange at 100 per cent, being the lowest exchange when
the cargo arrived and since that time, 602 0 0
New- York currency, £1204 0 0
This serves to certify that the above account is stated
exactly as our agreement was with Mr. Hallet, and the ex-
change, to the best of our remembrance, has not been
lower than 100 per cent for the last six months. We have
seen Capt. Harrison's certificate books and other vouchers,
by which it appears he arrived at the Castle in river of
Bourdeaux the 23d November, 1775, and sailed from
thence the 9lh of February, 1776, which period includes
the 40 working days per agreement, 1 1 Sundays, and 26
days on demurrage.
HENRY REMSEN,
JACOBUS VAN ZANDT.
New- Jersey, 26th Septr. 1776.
[A letter from Johannis Sleght, Chairman of Kingston.]
Kingston, 26th Sept. 1776.
Dear Sir — Since the time that the priming offices have
stopped, the intelligence which we get is so confused that
we can hardly ever come to the truth of any thing we hear.
The committee of this town, with the advice of many true
friends and well wishers to our cause, have therefore
thought good to hire a man to go twice a week to the Con-
vention of this State, or to King's Bridge, if occasion should
require, to get the certainty of at least such things of con-
sequence as are a secret to no man. W e have sent the
bearer, Moses Yeoman, who we can recommend as a per-
son fit to be trusted with any thing belonging to that busi-
ness ; and as we don't doubt that this post will be of ser-
vice to the public in general, wc have the more reason to
hope to be furnished with this weekly intelhgence from
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
225
your Honourable Board, which, if you will oblige us with,
shall ever be thankfully acknowledged by
Your obedient humble servant,
By order of the committee.
JOHANNES SLEGHT,
Chairman.
To Mr. John McKesson, Secy, to the
Convention of the State of New- York.
[Wm. Douglass' pass.]
Wab-Office, Sept. 28lh, 1776.
The officers of the troops un the communication are re-
quested to permit William Douglass, a wounded solder, to
pass, and to assist him in his journey to the State of New-
York, where he will apply to the Convention of the said
State for his allowance agreeable to the resolves of Con-
gress.
^ RICHARD PETERS,
Secy, at War.
Saybrook, 12th Sept. 1776.
Dear Brother — I have just time to tell you I have
been obliged to retreat from Long island to this place for
several reasons, that I have not now time to^mention. I have
given General Washington a particular account by the
same conveyance this is sent by. I shall to-morrow at
the head of 400 men, set out for Huntington ; if I succeed
in the attempt I i,am going to make, I shall yet save Suf-
folk county, though most of the inhabitants have been
prevailed upon to take an oath of allegiance to the King of
Great Britain, through a persuasion that the island was
given up as indefensible. If you write to me, direct to the
care of Govr. Trumbull : he has assisted me with 260 men.
With him a correspondence is established. Remember
me to all friends.
Yours 4cc.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
To RoBEKT R. LIVINGSTON; Junr. Esq.
[A letter from Mr. John Schenk, accepting the agency to procure
stores for the fortifications on Hudson's river.
Poughkeepsie, September 9th, 1776
Sir — This is to inform you I am willing to undertake lo
supply the garrison at the forts in the Highlands with such
articles as you may order, if they are to be had. And
agreeable to your request shall attend you to-morrow morn-
ing to take my instructions.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN SCHENK, Jr.
To Mr. Abraham Yates, Esq.
Jamaica, Sept. Uth, 1776,
I am ordered by his Excellency General Howe to write
lo you, and order all the fat cattle and sheep in Suffolk
county to be immediately drove down to Jamaica, where
proper persons will be appointed to ascertain the weight
of them ; give certificates of the value of them, that the
owners may be paid for them ; keeping a distinct ac-
count of those cattle, &c. that belong to the people who
are in actual rebellion, whose cattle must be forced down
for the refreshment of the King's troops. His order must
be speedily obeyed or the county will otherwise feel the
resentment of the King's troops.
Reserving only as many cattle as is necessary for their
own subsistence.
Given under my hand the above date.
OLIVER DELANCEY,
Brigd. General.
k tme copy,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
[Vol. II.] 57
Head Quarters, King's Bridge, September 10th, 1776.
Gentlemen — As Lieutenant-Colonel Ferres of my
regiment hath got liberty from General Clinton to return
lome, upon condition either to resign his commission or
return to the regiment when he gets in a better stale of
lealth. He told me when he was appointed by the county
committee, that he was not fit for that commission ; and
that he had a disorder very often which rendered him un-
fit for the service of an officer. The complaint of thai
disorder is that he is spleeny and a dizziness in his head,
and that attends him whenever he has trouble. We can
expect nothing but trouble in our present condition, so con-
sequently he will not be fit for the service of this present
campaign ; for should he not be here when we have action,
le can not be of great service to the regiment. He further
tells me he has spoke with the General, and should be
glad that Col. Ludington might take his place as lieut.
colonel. But the General tells me that he intends to leave
that to your Honourable Board. In my humble opinion
it would give greater satisfaction to the officers of my regi-
ment, that Major Thompson might be appointed to the
commission of lieut. colonel and Capt. Molt, major, as he
holds the oldest commission in my regiment as captain.
My regiment has been joined for some time ; if matters
should be ordered in any other manner it might be produc-
tive of bad consequence, as I have seen several instances
in the army heretofore ; and as there are several of my
regiment that have got no commissions, and some that have
had subaltern commissions which were appointed as cap-
tains by the field officers of the militia. If there were
some blank commissions sent to the General he might fill
them up agreeable to the muster rolls. General Clinton
tells me that he has wrote you about the rank of the several
regiments. I am confident my commission is the oldest
of the regiments now raised ; but as the General has left
that matter to you, I am content to submit the same to
your consideration, not doubting but you will do justice.
As to my part, I can assure you gentlemen I mean to make
no uneasiness about the question.
I hope you will consider that the whole charge of the
regiment lies on my shoulders, as Major Thompson is on
command.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect,
Your very humble servant,
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Major H. Van Rensselaer, requesting twine and lead.]
Fort Constitution, Sept. 9th, 1776.
Sir — We are very much in want of thread and twine
for cartridges, and sheet lead for aprons for the guns. If
any of this thread or twine is to be had, I beg the favour
of you to assist those men, Andrew McFarlin and Tho-
mas Preston, to get them, for there is none to be had here.
By complying with the above request, will much oblige.
Sir, your humble servt.
HENRY V. RENSSELAER,
Major.
[Letter from Colo. Henry Remsen, at New-Haven, requesting direc-
tions concerning some goods belonging to tliis State.]
Neiv-Haven, 7th Scptr. 1776.
Sir — The bearer, Mr. Peter Colt, is agent for Col.
Trumbull, the Commissary-General, and goes up the
North river to purchase flour and other necessaries for the
army ; and being a stranger, desired me to point out the
most eligible method to proceed, so that our army may
be fully supplied.
In consequence, I have taken the liberty to request the
gentlemen in Convention, who represent the counties along
the North river, to communicate to Mr. Colt the persons
names he may apply to, and who arc likely to be able to
226
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
supply him with the provisions he may want, and to de-
sire tliey will be pleased to furnish him with every other
needful information on the subject.
1 have been here some days, waiting the arrival of Capt.
Harrison with the goods from Providence, which were im-
ported by Mr. Van Zandt and self, for the State of New-
York, and hope soon to be able to render an accurate ac-
count of the same, and should be obliged to Convention,
for orders what to do with them ; whether they must be
transported by land to the Fislikills, or any other place
within the State of New-York, or if they are to be stored
in any inland town of this Slate. Many of our brethren
have been obliged to abandon Long island, and come over
into this Stale with their famihes ; some of them almost
naked, having left most of their wearing apparel and bed-
ding. Perhaps Convention will order a sale of part of
these goods to supply such with clothing as may want.
I am very respectfully, sir.
Your obedt. humb. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
Robert Yates, Junr. Esqr.
President of Convention.
[Letter from Jas. Wm. Payne, at West Chester.]
IVest Chester, 8lh of September, 1776.
Sir — On my first arrival from Canada, I made appli-
cation to the Honourable Convention to get in the artillery
service, a department which I rather choose to serve in, as
I made it my study early, and having the charge of all the
ordnance in the first campaign against Canada, I acquired
a tolerable knowledge in the practical part ; but there be-
ing no vacancies I could not be provided for ; and since
my return home, have been in a bad state of health, in
consequence of the violent fatigues I suffered in Canada.
A few days ago, I applied to his Excellency General Wa-
shington, laying belore him my grievances, that I had
just fled from Long island, leaving my family behind pri-
soners, having only time to escape with the clothes on my
back. His Excellency desired I would write to the Ho-
nourable Convention, where there were members who knew
my family and character. By their recommendation he
would immediately provide for me, as I embarked very
early in defending the rights of America, by every means
in my power, and shall ever be actuated by the same prin-
ciples in preserving the freedom of my country. I make
no doubt those gentlemen of the Convention, who are ac-
quainted with me, will take my distress into their imme-
diate consideration. You will please to let this be pre-
sented to the House, and if from motives of humanity to
my little family, they choose to write to his Excellency
on the occasion, they will as soon as possible, which shall
always be grealfully acknowledged by their most obedient
humble servant,
JAMES WM. PAYNE.
[Letter from Genl. Clinton, at King's Bridge.]
King's Bridge, 8th Sept. 1776.
Sir — Since I was honoured with the resolve of Conven-
tion of the 3d instant, respecting Colonel Remsen's and
Smith's regiments, I have used every means in my power
to discover the situation of those troops, and join them (if
possible) to my brigade. I find them much dispersed ;
many (leaving their arms behind, as is said,) have gone
over to Long island and are not yet returned ; where the
colonels and most of the other officers are, I have not yet
been able to discover. Capt. Tom, of Colo. Smith's, and
Lieut. Hobart, of Remsen's reginnent only, have been with
me. They promised to collect all the men they could find
and join me, though at the same time, they were very ap-
prehensive of difficulties arising from Smith's regiment,
being enlisted not to go off the island, and Remsen's till
the 1st of September only. I doubt not, however, but
they will use their best endeavours ; some few of the
men of both regiments are strolling about West Chester
and New-Rochelle.
By the enclosed return of my brigade, you will observe
that there are wanting to complete, 596 men ; that this de-
ficiency principally arises from the different militia regi-
ments not having furnished their quotas, and from deser-
tion; which latter have been so frequent, that unless some
effectual method can be devised to prevent, in future, not
only my brigade, but the whole army will be much inju-
red, if not ruined. If I am rightly informed, the militia re-
giments drafted their full numbers ; but having drafted
them, never took the proper steps to make them join their
companies, and now suffer them, as well as deserters, to go
at large openly among them, about their ordinary business,
without apprehending and sending ihem back. I know it
is my duty, as well as the duty of every other officer in
the service, to cause deserters to be apprehended ; but it
is also the duty of every friend to his country, and more
particularly so, of members of committees and oflScers of
mililia. They can do it without injuring the public ser-
vice in any degree. I can't. If I send officers and parties
of faithful men after them, I thereby weaken the army.
The deserters hear of them in their neighbourhood, know
their business, and I am sorry to add, are too frequently
aided in evading my guards. I wish the companies raised
in Dutchess and Westchester, and put under the direction
of the committees of those counties, might have it in spe-
cial charge from your Honourable Body, to apprehend and
send back deserters in their respective counties. The ex-
tra expense attending of which could easily and with jus-
tice, be defrayed out of such deserters' pay. I now en-
close a list of Dutchess county deserters, and as soon as
I can obtain a list of those from Colo. Thomas's regiment,
I will (if approved by the Convention) forward it to Capt.
Townsend.
I beg leave to lay before you a petition I just now re-
ceived from Colo's. Graham, Hopkins and others, respect-
ing the surgeon of their regiment, which ought (in my
opinion) to have been addressed to you in the first instance.
The Convention only having power to redress the complai-
nants, 1 have confined one William Mahony, of Fishkill
Landing, in the main guard, for seducing a soldier from his
duty in the city, bringing him up here, and endeavouring
to pass him by our guards at King's Bridge, and thereby
enable him to desert. Mahony confesses the soldier work-
ed as a journeyman with him six weeks before he enlist-
ed ; that he knew he afterwards enlisted ; yet, though I
offered to release him if he would tell me the soldier's
name, the company and regiment he belonged to, (which
I have the greatest reason to believe is in his power,) he
will give me no other satisfaction than that the soldier's name
is Riley ; and from Mahony's conduct, I am induced to
think the soldier, notwithstanding our guards did not suf-
fer him to pass the bridge, has escaped by crossing the
river some other way. I also enclose examinations taken
against one Tippit of this neighbourhood, who is also con-
fined in our main guard by some of my officers, for the
crime therein particularly mentioned, which is (in my opi-
nion) of the most dangerous nature, and has been too
much practised, and not without effect, by the disaffect-
ed, since the retreat from Long island, which is given out
by them as a total defeat. I am extremely unhappy in
being obliged to deprive any man of personal liberty but
by due course of law. But in the above cases, I flatter
myself the Convention will justify me till I can have their
directions, which shall be faithfully pursued on every oc-
casion.
Nothing very material has occurred since my last. From
the best information we have had the main body of the
enemy lay at New Town and Bedford. Their guards on
the island extend to the Neck, east of White Sione. The
Highlanders are in that quarter. It is said they have im-
pressed from 1 ,000 to 1 ,500 teams to carry across their
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
227
boats and baggage, and they are erecting a battery oppo-
site Hoorn's Hook ; a heavy cannonade was heard all last
night at or near that place, which continued till about 7
o'clock this morning. I have not yet heard the particu-
lars, but believe it was from our people against the ene-
my's new works ; perhaps it was reciprocal.
From the disposition of the enemy's army and their
delay, I imagine they intend attacking us in two or three
different quarters ; and I think it more than probable that
their grand aim is to hem in our army and cut off our com-
munication with the country ; in which case, this division
of our army, were it possible, should be augmented. It
ought to be considered they hem us in by water on three
sides. The distance across, up (as far as Maronick,) be-
tween the two rivers, does not much exceed twelve miles,
though I hope their shipping won't be able to pass Fort
Washington ; but this is very uncertain. I mention these
matters to show the necessity of the militia's holding them-
selves in the most perfect readiness ; for should the enemy
attempt any thing of this kind so high up, it will be of the
utmost consequence to fight and vanquish them before they
have time to throw up any works whatever.
My brigade-major. Pawling, who has served in that cha-
racter ever since the brigade was formed, is without a
commission, which is the case also with many others of
the officers, who express uneasiness on that score. I wish
some method could be fallen upon to grant them their com-
missions. I fear a confusion may arise for want of an
arrangement of the field officers. Every colonel claims
seniority. I have taken some pains to settle their respec-
tive ranks, but without effect. I most earnestly wish the
Convention would give me some directions in this respect
and point out how it is to be done.
Lieut. Colo. Ferris is now with me ; he complains of
being troubled with an old settled disorder in his head,
which at present is so violent as to render him unfit for
duty. I believe he is a good man and acts from principle.
He means to ask the Convention to supply his place until
a return of health, which he hopes will take place on re-
tiring a short time from the noise of the camp. I am just
informed that there are many disaffected persons near the
Sound and East river, possessed of large stocks of cattle ;
that they neglect driving them back and refuse to part with
them to the commissary at the ordinary price. It is more
than probable they will fall into the hands of the enemy,
where I believe the owners wish them, unless some proper
measures are speedily taken to prevent it.
I am, with the highest esteem,
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. The cannonading was from the enemy's new bat-
tery against ours at Hoorn's Hook. I hear one of their
shells killed one and wounded three men, but done no other
damage.
To the President of the Convention of the
State of New-York.
[A letter from Eben. Hazard, relative to having the Post-office kept
near Head-Quarters.]
Dobbs's Ferry, Sept. 6th, 1776.
Sir — I received yesterday a letter from the Comptroller,
in which he says, " Mr. Franklin has received no letter
from Convention respecting the Albany rider : unless there
is an absolute necessity for his going constantly on one
side the river, it had best not be altered." However, not-
withstanding this, I imagine the Convention's design may
be answered by the post's riding constantly on the east side
as far up as the Fishkill, and then crossing when it is his
turn to ride on the west side, to New-Windsor; and as
there are few or no letters between New-Windsor and
New-York, the revenue of the office will not be diminished
by the alteration.
In the same letter the Comptroller mentions that it is
the Postmaster-General's desire I should keep my office
at Head-Quarters, as most of the letters now going are for
the army. In consequence of this, I expect the Conven-
tion will not long have the office so near them, unless they
furnish a rider to ply constantly between this office and
Head-Quarters, to carry thither such letters as may come
for the army, and wait there while the General gets his
despatches ready to go by return of post. This I should
think they might do without being at any additional ex-
pense, as I understand they have a rider here who is to
hold himself in constant readiness to go to Head-Quarters
whenever called upon. Please to favour me with a line
upon this subject as soon as you conveniently can.
I have not had a word from town yet respecting the pri-
vateer.
I am, sir,
Your very hum. servt.
EBEN. HAZARD.
To Abraham Yates, Junr. Esqr.
President of Convention at Fishkill.
JDobbs's Ferry, Sept. 6th, 1776.
Dear Sir — Sampson gave me your letter yesterday in
due season. Their Honors, according to your account,
are, like myself, very busy doing nothing. I cannot tell
where the post-office will be fixed ; it is kept at present at
Hercules Cronk's, next door to Major Abraham Storm's,
one mile above Dobbs's Ferry ; but the Comptroller has
informed me that it is the Postmaster-General's desire it
should be kept at Head-Quarters ; and I am apprehensive
I shall be obliged to remove thither, unless the Convention
will keep a rider to go from hence to Head-Quarters with
letters and wait there till the General's despatches are ready
to go by return of post. When the matter is settled I will
let you know. Whenever you determine contrary to the
opinion of so respectable a body as the Representatives of
the State of New-York, you should do it " with submis-
sion." I can not get one word of true news here, though
I have made diligent inquiry. I send you a newspaper
containing a new resolve of Congress.
And am yours,
EBEN. HAZARD.
To John McKesson, Esquire, Secretary, &c.
FishkiU.
[Letter from Benjamin Birdsall, Lieutenant-Colonel.]
FishkUl, September 6th, 1776.
Sir — At this critical hour, I conceive that time will not
admit for me to tarry. The Secretary told me to-day to
wait till 4 o'clock, and my business should be done soon
enough to ride part of the way home to-night. I have
nothing at present to ask for but the bounty for my com-
pany, and that to them I am engaged, and that I have to-
day applied for. It is a fact, if soldiers are not paid ac-
cording to promise, they have a just cause to complain.
N. B. In regard to Colonel Smith's regiment, he has
discharged none of his men ; but when he parted with me
at New-Rochel he was determined to make a stand on
some part of the east end of Long Island, and collect his
regiment to advance, as circumstances would admit, west-
ward, to oppose our enemy ; but as his regiment now,
some part of them went with him and some by themselves,
and some now waiting and ready to go and join, and some
dispersed to their friends for relief till fmllicr orders. An
immediate call is now for every hearty American friend to
proceed, as I intend to do, for tiie protection of Long
island. And so I remain your sincere friend, and am
ready, with heart and hand, to defend the cause of Ame-
rica.
BENJAMIN BIRDSALL, Lt. Col.
228
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
LLelter from Thomas Williams, 1st Lieutenant in Capt. Nostrand's
company]
Fuhkill, September 6th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I was informed this day by some of the
gentlemen of the Convention, that you wanted nie to give
the best information relative to Colo. Smith's regiment ;
time will not permit me in person to do it. After my com-
pliments to the Convention, I take the pleasure of giving
them a detail of the affair, as near as I can. The day our
regiment marched from New-York, we were met near Har-
lem by Mr. Townsend and Mr. Lawrence ; they informed
us that we were to be put on Long island at some rate or
other. But whether we were to be put over as a regiment
to be stationed there or not, I can not particularly tell ;
however. Col. Smith gave leave for every man to shift for
himself in getting their effects and families off from Long
island, and as I look it he did not expect the regiment to
form again. I told them that I did not look upon it in the
power of the colonel to discharge me from the service, and
therefore should hold myself in readiness to execute any
lawful orders, should orders be given by your Convention,
and should expect to continue in service until discharged,
agreeable to resolution of Congress.
I am, gentlemen, your humble servant,
THOS. WILLIAMS, 1st Lieut.
of Capt. Nostrand's company.
To the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from John Sloss Hobart, at Fairfield, enclosing the proceedings
of committee to whom General Clinton's letter was referred.]
Fairfield, September 6th, 1776.
Gentlemen— This will be handed to you by Mr. Uriah
Mitchel, of Queens county, who was employed by Mr.
Townsend and myself as an express, but was prevented
from crossing the Sound till we got to Southhold. He has
despatches which will inform you of our proceedings till
Saturday noon ; for what has happened since that time,
must refer you to him, as he is perfectly acquainted with
all the particulars.
Mr. Mitchel has been driven from home by the tories,
for having been very active in the American cause, on
which account I take the liberty to recommend him to Con-
vention for some employment that will afford a mainte-
nance for the present.
I shall sail upon an expedition to the island to-night ; as
soon as it is over, I shall use all possible despatch to join
Convention. In the mean time I have the honour to be
Your most obedient servant,
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
Asm. Yates, Esqr. President
of the New- York Convention.
Jama. Queens County, Sep. 5, 1776.
His Excellency the Honble. William Howe, General
and Commander-in-Chief of all His Majesty's forces with-
in the Colonies lying on the Atlantic Ocean, from Nova
Scotia, to West Florida, inclusive, &c. having authorized
me to raise a brigade of Provincials solely for the defence
of this island, to reestablish order and government within
the same ; to apprehend, or drive all concealed rebels from
among His Majesty's well affected subjects, and other es-
sential purposes, I do hereby, for the encouragment of
enlisting men in the county of Suffolk, give notice, that
upon any persons of good recommended characters, raising
a company of seventy men, they shall have commissions
for one captain, one lieutenant, and one ensign, and shall
be paid and subsisted as the officers and soldiers are in the
British pay ; and it is hoped that the inhabitants of the
county will cheerfully raise the men wanted for the service,
as it will prevent the disagreeable business of detaching
them, which I shall be under the necessity of doing, if the
companies cannot be raised without it.
Given under my hand the date above.
OLIVER DELANCEY, Bngd. Genl.
A true copy,
Henry B. Livingston.
New-York, Sept. 6, 1776.
Sir — I am apprehensive that the State hath a bad bar-
gain of my countrymen. I believe that Capt. Stewart is
a very good man, but he has made a horrid collection of
soldiers. If the Convention think proper to send me the
conditions upon which the company is raising, the bounty
allowed, with an order to take some direction concerning
it, perhaps I might save the State money. With respect
to their pay, I shall return them with my regiment, so that
the Convention will be relieved of the expense so far.
I understand they allow 15 dollars bounty to the captain,
and he to get the men as he can ; if so, they will most
certainly be disappointed in their hopes. The reason is
obvious ; half a dozen of them have already been flogged,
and thrice the number have deserved to be so.
I would be happy to see a good company or regiment of
my countrymen in our army, but equally mortified to see
it disgraced by such a set as I have got with Capt. Stew-
art, They are the very last sweepings of hell.
I had a letter from our old President, good Genl. Wood-
hull. Mr. Morris must prophesy no more. He said, "Col.
Elliot would do to redeem the General."
As for news or lies, I can send nor make none. Duty is
too severe. However, it agrees well with me. I have
never in my life been so stout as when lying in the woods
on Long island every once a week. Genl. Lee is hourly
expected, as if from Heaven, with a legion of flaming
swordsmen. I fear we shall evacuate the poor city. The
very thought gives me the horrors. Offer my respects to
the President and members, and Mr. Benson. Accept the
same, and believe that I am, with sincere esteem,
Dear sir, yr. most obt. and very hb. servt.
W^ MALCOM.
P. S. Let me hear from Convention on the first subject
soon ; the sooner the better. Indeed if the order was even
discretionary to stop a further enlistment on bounty, it
might be proper. I will not stop it without sufficient cause.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
Saybrook, September 5th, 1776.
Gentlemen — After delivering your despatches to the
several committees from Horseneck, eastward to this place,
I thought best to proceed to Lebanon with despatches to
Governor Trumbull, where I reached Sunday morning,
and sent forward copies to the other committees, agreeable
to your order.
Upon the Governor reading your despatches, and mak-
ing some inquiries, he advised me to proceed without delay,
to Providence, and wait on Governor Cook, who I saw
next day. After delivering the despatches to Govr. Cook,
returned to Governor Trumbull, and from thence to this
place ; and last night went to New-London, to see the
council of war there held respecting the distressed situa-
tion of Long island, and returned to this place this morn-
ing.
When at Lebanon, was informed by Governor Trum-
bull, he had wrote to Convention upon the subjects men-
tioned in your letter. Can only tell you the distresses
which I hourly see and hear from Long island, are beyond
my power to describe. Expect to return to Convention
soon.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servant,
DAVID GELSTON.
Honble. the Convention, State of New-York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
229
Jamaica, Septr. 1st, 1776.
Sir — I am ordered by His Excellency the Honourable
Willianri Howe, General and Comnaander-in-Chief of all
His Majesty's forces in North America, from Nova-Scotia
to the Floridas, on the application of the county of Suffolk
by Nathl. WoodhuU and Samuel Philips, who have signi-
fied to him " that the inhabitants of said county are de-
sirous to lay down their arms and again become legal and
obedient subjects," that for the space and ease and secu-
rity of the inhabitants, he is willing to accept of their
submission and promise them protection, on the King's co-
lonels, or other inferiors of militia, respectively making
and causing the men through the county to lay down their
arms, take the oath of allegiance, and sign the said roll of
submission, disclaiming and rejecting the orders of Con-
gress and Committee, and totally refusing obedience to
them, and to obey the legal authority of government, and
in all places of worship in future to pray for the King and
royal family, as was usual before the present unprovoked
rebellion.
OLIVER DELANCEY,
Major-General of the Militia in the Southern District
of the Colony of New-York.
Colonel CONKLING.
(A true copy.)
Henry B. Livingston.
Dobbs's Ferry, Sept. 1st, 1776.
Sir — Your express found me at the door, and delivered
me your letter. As I was only one of the persons con-
cerned in the privateer, I could do nothing in the matter,
but sent the express to town with the letter, that the other
persons concerned might be consulted and do what was
necessary. The express has returned to this place, and
informs me he could not find either of the persons to
whom I directed my letter, so that nothing can yet be
done ; but I intend sending the letter to town again to-
morrow, and you may depend upon the earliest informa-
tion respecting the sale of the privateer. I am willing,
for my own part, to accept the offer of prime cost, and I
imagine the rest of the partners will have no objection ;
but I think as only prime cost is offered, it is hardly fair
to expect us to run the risk of getting the sloop to Pough-
keepsie ; however, I will consent to whatever the rest
agree to.
I am, sir.
Your very humb. servt.
EBEN. HAZARD.
P. S. Will it not be proper for the Convention to have
a rider daily to and from New-York, and to call on me
both going and coming? I may be found at Major Abra-
liam Storm's. Shall pay proper attention to the Commit-
tee's resolve about the post's riding on this side the river,
but I fear people on the west side will be dissatisfied.
Will you send word over the river, so that the post may
be prevented going on the west side to New-York this
trip ?
[A letter from Brigadier-General Ten Broeck, requesting the appoint-
ment of field officers for Colo. Graham's regiment, and also some
blank commissions.]
Rhynbeck, 23d of August, 1776.
Sir — As the necessity of the service, at this present
time, requires all the regiments to be completely filled
with their proper officers, I must acquaint you tlie north
regiment, which was Colonel Graham's, is deficient of
two colonels and of several other officers, who are gone in
the service. I beg you will lay this before the Conven-
tion, and pray the following persons may be promoted as
field officers in the regiment : Robert G. Livingston, Junr.
colonel ; Major Simon Westfael, to be lieutenant-colonel ;
Major Landon, to be the first-major, and Capt. David Van
Ness, to be second-major ; staff officers, Henry Van Hoe-
[VoL. II.] 58
venberg, adjutant; Cornelius Schermehorn, quarter-mas-
ter. As for the captains and subalterns, I can not make
a proper arrangement. If they must be elected in by the
companies as has been customary, the precedent is bad,
and we get unfit persons for officers, who have no com-
mand over the men. I shall wait your directions to me in
the same, and act accordingly ; only ask for blank com-
missions for three companies, and shall fill them as you
direct.
I am your very humble and most obedient servt.
PETRUS TEN BROECK.
To the President of the Convention of the
State of New-York, at Harlaem.
[A letter from Hen. Oothoudt and Anthony Van Bergen, relative to
the price of clothing.]
Catskill, Novr. 21st, 1776.
Sir— By a resolution passed the 9th October last, we
find that we and others are appointed to purchase at the
cheapest rate, in the county of Albany, sundry articles
mentioned in said resolution, for the use of the army.
We have, although we lately received the notice of our
appointment, made all the inquiry in our power whether
we could purchase any of the said articles, and find that
we can get the following, to wit, shoes, at the rate of 20*.
per pair; woollen hose, from 10s. to 12s. per pair; felt
hats, from 10s. to 12s. each ; mittens, from 3s. 6d. to
5s. 6d. ; checks, from 32s. to 40s. per shirt, besides the
making. Coarse woollen cloaks, linsey-woolsey and blan-
kets, not to be had in our district. As the prices of the
above articles are much above the common price, we have
not engaged any, except a few pair of mittens, until such
time as we could receive advice from the Convention.
If any of the above articles will suit at the rates men-
tioned, we suppose we can purchase for the value of
£500, and have them ready to be delivered, to any per-
son appointed for said purpose, within a short time.
Should the Honourable Convention resolve to order us to
purchase for any sum, we should be glad to have the
money sent to us by the first safe opportunity, with direc-
tions of Convention in the premises.
With due esteem, remain, sir.
Your humble servts.
HENRY OOTHOUDT,
ANTHONY VAN BERGEN.
To the President of the Convention of the
State of New- York.
Peekskill, Novr. 23d, 1776.
Sir — If you have on the files of the Honourable Con-
vention, a copy of the encouragement offered by the Ho-
nourable Continental Congress to such as shall engage to
serve in their next army, I should be much obliged to you
for a copy thereof.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem,
Your most obedient humble servt.
W. HEATH.
Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt.
Committee Chamder, ?
Kingston, November ISlh, 1776. J
Sir — The inhabitants of this county, till within a few
days, have been distinguished for their firmness and attach-
ment to the resolves of Congresses and committees; in
short, have been as peaceable, we flatter ourselves, as any
people in this Stale. But it is with regret tiiat \vc are
under the disagreeable necessity to infrrm you lliat we arc
daily alarmed, and our streets filled with mobs from dilfe-
rent parts of the county, breaking of doors and committing
of outrages to the disturbance of the peace and of the good
people of this town, owing, as we have reason to believe,
to the misfortune of having that detestable article called
230
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
lea, stored liere, which is taken by ihem and divided or
distributed in such manner as they think, fit. We have
heretofore assured the good people that your Congress
would pass a resolve for the disposal of that article lodged
here ; and it is asserted, by what authority we know not,
that your Congress had passed a resolve to that purpose,
but that before the publication thereof, repealed or made
void the same, which the people whom we have had before
us assign in justification of their conduct in the premises.
We now entreat you to advise us how and in what manner
we shall suppress these disturbances. We will not pre-
sume to dictate to your Honourable House, but are well
assured that if a resolve was to be passed establishing
a price and ordering a disposal thereof, would tend to the
interest of the proprietors and the peace of the good peo-
ple of this State.
We are, sir, with great respect.
Your very humble servants.
By order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT, Chairman.
To the President of the Convention,
State of New- York.
Peektkill, November 14, 1776.
Dear Sir — Agreeable to request I have inquired for the
sheet iron to make pipes for stoves, agreeable to General
Schuyler's orders, and find there is none to be had here,
but understand there is a quantity, say half a ton, at North
Castle, under the care of Mr. Bowen, where, if you send
after, make no doubt you may get it.
I am, sir, your hble. servt.
JACOB GARRIGUE.
To Col. Brazier, Member of the Convention
for the State of New- Fork.
Nevo-Windsor, ISth November, 1776.
Honoured Sir — Your kind favour of this day per Mr.
Cooper, just now came to hand, and note the contents.
Am much afraid there is too much reason for the com-
plaints you mention, which I am extremely sorry for.
The people of New- Windsor have always appeared ex-
tremely friendly to the American cause, but fear they are
now catching the spirit of the times, taking every opportu-
nity to get money, even though to the disadvantage of the
grand cause in which we are embarked. Yesterday morn-
ing I was applied to by some of Col. Wind's regiment,
who are sick, in order to be forwarded to Elizabeth Town.
I immediately went over, and as wagons are very scarce
in our neighbourhood, thought the most eligible way would
be to transport them by water to Haverstraw, and for that
purpose engaged a small boat, and two young men to work
her, in order to convey them, as I was going some dis-
tance into the country. After my departure, some mis-
understanding took place between the persons that was to
go in the boat in order to work her, which prevented them
going ; and this morning the boatman who is unwell and
unable to go in her, unrigged her and laid her up for the
winter ; I heard nothing of the matter until this evening,
some of the people come again to me with complaints, as
it was then too late, put the matter off until morning, when
I was resolved to see the people righted some way or other.
In the interim, I have received your letter, which in future
shall be a rule for my conduct, and you may depend that
every thing in my power shall be done agreeable to your
requests.
I am, sir, with all respect.
Your most obedt. humble servant.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr.
To Col. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman at Head-Quarters, Hackensack.]
1 lead-quarter I, Hackentack, lllh May, 1770.
Dear Sir— Yours of the 13lh, found me this day in
the neighbourhood of this place, where we are fixed at
present. 1 wish I had better news to communicate, but
we suffered a heavy stroke yesterday in the loss of Fort
Washington and its garrison, consisting of about 2000
men, who chiefly were made prisoners of war, what were
not fell in the action. The lines were bravely defended,
but what could 2000 men do against Genl. Howe's whole
army, who poured in upon them from every quarter. The
loss of the post is nothing compared to the loss of men
and arms, and the damp it will strike upon the minds of
many. We were in a fair way of finishing the campaign
with credit to ourselves and I think to the disgrace of Mr.
Howe, and had the General followed his own opinion, the
garrison would have been withdrawn immediately upon
the enemy's falling down from Dobb's ferry ; but Genl.
Greene was positive that our forces might at any time be
drawn off under the guns of Fort Lee. Fatal experience
has evinced the contrary. Whether the enemy will make
any other move this season is matter of speculation. We
are posting the army on this side the river along from
Newark to Amboy, as places easy of communication with
each other, and through which the enemy must pass if
Philadelphia or any place southward is their aim. Troops
will be left at the passes leading from the North river into
Jersey and New- York, to prevent supplies from going to the
enemy. We left Mr. Duer at Peekskill. I shall continue
to write to you as I find opportunity. I imagine we shall
make Brunswick our Head-Quarters.
I am, dear sir, yrs.
TENCH TILGHiMAN.
To RoBT. R. Livingston, £sqr.
[Samuel Brown's accoont and letters, <Scc.]
The Honourable Congress of New-York,
To Samuel Brown, Dr.
To 5 trips of the sloop Polly, 55 tons burthen, from
hence to Long island and back to Guilford, bringing horses,
cattle, sheep, hogs, people, household goods, &c. at £20
this currency per trip — £100.
Errors excepted.
SAMUEL BROWN.
Guilford, Sepir. 30, 1776.
Guilford, Novr. 6th, 1776.
Gentlemen — On receiving your letter dated Harlem,
August 28th, 1776, directed to the chairman of the se-
veral committees on the seacoast. The committee of this
place immediately called a meeting and determined to
comply with your request, as per vote enclosed, and record
of their doings may appear, dated Augst. 31st. 1776.
SAMUEL BROWN,
Clerk of the committee of inspection in Guilford.
Guilford, Novr. 6, 1776.
Gentlemen — As I was owner of the above sloop Polly,
the committee applied to me for her to be employed in the
above business, which was readily complied with and no
particular agreement made, and as it is almost impossible
to give any particular account of what we brought, concluded
on the above sum, which I think is reasonable, provided I
take on myself the whole charge and damage, which was
very great, as one anchor of 3401b. was lost by the cable
being cut off with rocks ; the cable much damaged and
almost the whole of the running rigging wore out, used
for halters and gone. The expense for victualing,
drink, and more especially hands' wages running high, as
we could liire no otherwise than by the day, and a lighter
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
231
at 3s. per day for shipping callle the whole time, she is much
damaged, &c. If the charge within is thought reasonable,
please to pay the sum to the bearer, Ezra L'hommedieu,
Esqr. and his receipt shall be your discharge. We looked
on the vessel in this affair at the risk of the Congress, and
if it be more agreeable to pay the damage, charter and
whole expense, I shall be satisfied, or settle the matter
in any other way that your Honours shall judge just and
right.
I am, gentlemen,
Your friend and hum. servt.
SAMUEL BROWN.
To the Honble. Congress of N. York.
N. B. The chairman of this committee now absent at-
tending the Assembly, could not write or attest what I
have exhibited.
S. BROWN.
[Letter from Leonard Gansevoort at Albany.]
Albany 9th Novr. 1776.
I am directed by the committee of the city and county
of Albany, to acknowledge the receipt of the resolve of
your House by express.
By Major Walter Stewart, aid-de-camp to General Gates,
who just now arrived from Ticonderoga, we learn that the
enemy have entirely evacuated Crown Point, and are re-
turned to Canada, telling the inhabitants that the season
was too far advanced this year, but that early in the spring
they would return and give them, meaning our army, hot
work.
We have received nothing from the westward, but that
every thing was peace in that quarter.
I am, most respectfully.
Your very humble servt.
LEONARD GANSEVOORT.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
[Letter from John Thomas, Fishkill."!
Fishkill, Novr. 8, 1776.
Sir — The beginning of June last, when at New- York,
I purchased a quantity of tea and sent it up to Esopus, in
Ulster county for safety ; a few days ago I went up to
fetch the tea, intending to carry it to Connecticut, the place
where I live, and found that one box of it had been opened
by persons unknown, and that the remaining part was in
the custody of the committee. I applied to them for it,
which they refused delivering me until I could get an order
from the Convention of this Slate. I therefore beg the fa-
vour of the Honourable Convention to give such directions
to the committee that I may receive my property again,
which I humbly conceive I am justly entitled to.
I am, sir, your obedt. servt.
JOHN THOMAS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Convention.
[Copy of General Schuyler's letter, requesting ."SO iron stoves.]
Albany, Novr. 8lh, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Livingston's furnace not being in blast, has
disappointed me iti getting stoves from thence. Tiiat at
Salisbury is employed in casting cannon, and I am in-
formed that there is a furnace in the Highlands, where they
may be procured. Permit me to beg the favour of you to
get the owner to cast fifty of the largest size in common
use. They are to have pipes fixed on them. I wish to
have them done as soon as possible, and sent to this place.
I shall immediately order payment on receiving the ac-
count.
I am very respectfully,
Your obedient humble servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Honble. President of the
Convention ol' the State of New>York.
[Letter from Matthew Visscher, at Albany.]
Albany, 8th Novr. 1776.
Dear Sir — Yesterday we had accounts from Col. Ten
Broeck, that Barent Rooseboom, with fifteen of our Al-
bany militia, had been to Crown Point, where they found
some horses and cattle which have been brought into our
camp.
Just now Major Stewart arrived, who brings accounts
that the enemy have entirely evacuated Crown Point, and
are returned to Canada, telling the inhabitants at that place
they would return early in the spring, when they would
give our army hot work.
Nothing from the westward but peace. Messrs. Ganse-
voort, Lush, Dr. Young and myself, are appointed a com-
mittee to correspond with the Convention. Mrs. Yates and
the family are well.
Yours sincerely.
MAT. VISSCHER.
To Mr. Yates.
[Letter from Robert Boyd, Jun. at New-Windsor.]
New-Windsor, 8th November, 1776.
Sir — I am requested by the committee of our county to
solicit the members thereof, now representing it in the
Convention of the State, to have the matter determined
relative to the members of the precinct committee being
subject to military duty. As there is some uneasiness pre-
vailing in the county, I beg you will use your endeavours
to have the matter fixed in absolute terms, so that it may
be clearly understood whether committees are subject to
the command of military or militia ofificers.
I farther request, that you will endeavour to have the
matter determined what is to be done^concerning precincts
who neglect to attend county committees after due notice
given them.
Sir, your compliance will much oblige your constituents,
also save trouble to
Your humble servant,
ROBERT BOYD Jun.
To Matthew Cantine, Esq.
[Letter from Ebenezer Hazard at North Castle.
North Castle, November 6, 1776.
Sir — I duly received your favour of the 25th ult. and
would have answered it sooner, but my frequent removals
of late have kept me in so constant a hurry as to prevent it.
There is no way of complying with the resolves of the
Committee of Safety respecting the newspapers but by sub-
scribing for them, and one year is the shortest time for
which a subscriber may enter his name. I have already
wrote to Boston, desiring that the papers printed there may
be regularly sent me, directed to the Convention of this
State. I intend writing for the others by the earliest op-
portunity, and will endeavour to procure the Constitutions
of the different States which have already been, or may
hereafter be published. The plans of government for
Pennsylvania and the Delaware States are in one of the pa-
pers sent herewith ; the generality of the other papers now
sent contain either remarks upon some form of government,
or something else which may perhaps be useful to the
Convention.
You will oblige me, sir, by procuring an order of Con-
vention for the payment of postage arisen, and which may
arise, on letters for the members of that''Honourable Body.
Every letter I send from the oflice without receiving the
postage, I send at my own risk ; and as I have not received
the postage of letters already sent, I am apprehensive the
members will not receive their letters in future quite so
soon after their arrival at the office as heretofore, unless
some such order is passed.
232 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
As I necessarily write in haste, I beg you to excuse blots
and interlineations.
I am respectfully, sir,
Yours and the committee's
Very humble servant,
EBEN. HAZARD.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq.
Vice-President, 8tc.
[A letter from Comfort Sands.]
Fuhkill, November Tth, 1776.
Sir — Agreeable to an order of Convention, of the 20th
September last, to me, to prepare the pubhc accounts of
this State, to be transmitted to the treasury office of the
United States, at Philadelphia, I have to inform you that
I have used the utmost diligence to complete them, but
have not been able finally to do it, as there still remains
some few accounts unsettled, which will be Continental.
However, have got them in such a state as to be able to
settle the greatest part. The remainder of them have a
prospect of soon getting, which can be forwarded to me.
I apprehend it will be necessary for me to have an ample
power from the Convention, to take with me all the accounts
and vouchers, as the Continental and Provincial accounts
are so blended in the same vouchers that no separation can
here be made. I submit whether it will not be necessary
for me to have discretionary power to settle the Continen-
tal account in the best manner 1 can.
I am, sir.
Your very humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Convention of the Stale of New- York.
[A letter from Comfort Sands.]
Fishkill, November 6th, 1776.
Sir — Here enclosed is an account of arms and accou-
trements that have been delivered to General Scott's bri-
gade, which account I have framed from the returns of
Messrs. Norwood and Curtenius. As these arms were to
be returned or paid for, the Convention will probably think
fit to send the enclosed accounts to General Scott before
the time is expired for which that brigade is enhsted, that
stoppages may be made, if the arms, &c, are not returned.
I am, sir.
Your humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[A letter from Johannes Sleght.]
Kingston, 5th November, 1776.
Sir — The necessitous cries and lamentations of the
good people of this and the neighbouring townships, for
the want of salt, is the occasion of my troubling the Ho-
nourable Convention with these few lines. I am cre-
dibly informed that Albany and Dutchess have a considera-
ble quantity of this necessary article in some of their stores
to supply the wants of their inhabitants, but I don't know
of a single bushel to be had in our end of this county, al-
though there are a great number who have not so much as
to salt a pound of butter. I am, therefore, desired to ac-
quaint your Honourable House of this, and beg the favour
of you to grant us some relief, if possible.
I am, gentlemen, in behalf of a number of the inhabitants
of this and the neighbouring townships,
Your obedient and most humble servant,
JOHANNES SLEGHT.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from F. Lewis and Ph. Livingston, Philadelphia.]
Philadelphia, 2(}th October, 1776.
Gentlemen — As the State of New- York has not been
represented in Congress for several weeks past, (Mr. P.
Livingston with myself being their only Delegates at pre-
sent here,) we are requested by Congress to apply to
you, sirs, for a full representation. Therefore hope you
will speedily send us one other member, that we may be
enabled to give our vote for that State which we have been
sent here to represent.
We are, respectfully, gentlemen.
Your very humble servts.
FRA. LEWIS, for self and
PH. LIVINGSTON.
The Honourable the Convention
for the State of New- York.
[A letter from Comfort Sands.]
Fishkill, 5lh November, 1776.
Sir — On the 18th day of January last the Committee of
Safety of this State appointed Mr. Garret Roorback bar-
rack master of IS'ew-York, but his commission does not
mention what pay or rations he is to receive. I beg your
directions respecting this matter. He waits on you with
this.
I am, sir,
Your very humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Extract of a letter from General Gates to General Schuyler, dated
Ticonderoga, October 31st, 1776, enclosed in General Schuyler's let-
ter, read 5th November, 1776.]
Monday morning, between eight and nine o'clock, our
advanced guard boat down the lake made the signal for the
approach of the enemy's fleet. In about one hour five of
their largest boats, or gondolas, appeared in sight, and a
number of troops, Indians and Canadians, were seen land-
ing upon Three Mile Point. Soon after, two of the armed
boats stood over to the east side of the lake, inclining up-
wards, as if sent to reconnoitre. When they come consi-
derably within shot, they were fired upon from two re-
doubts very near the shore, and by a row galley, which is
stationed to cover the boom. They thereupon retired. In
the mean time the enemy's troops were distinctly seen to
land upon the back of the point, and presently after thirteen
small batteaux and birch canoes crossed from the west to
the east side of the lake, into a bay, about four miles below
our redoubts. Upon these threalenings of an attack, our
lines, redoubts and posts were all mani\ed, and as the
motions of the enemy seemed to indicate they were gather-
ing their main force upon the west side of the lake, as if
intending to make their push there, I ordered three regi-
ments, (Poor's, Read's and Greaton's,) from Mount Inde-
pendence, to reinforce this side. The orders were in-
stantly obeyed, and nothing could exceed the spirit and
alertness which was shewn by all officers and soldiers in
executing every order that was given. About four in the
evening, the boats and canoes that had passed to the west
side of the lake, returned, and the enemy were seen plainly
to reembark at Three Mile Point. I immediately ordered
the guard boat to resume her station, and by sunset it was
observed the body of the enemy had retired. By the in-
formation I receive daily, I find that General Carlton con-
tinues in his post, and that three large vessels are anchored
near Putnam's Point, a little below which all the light
infantry, grenadiers, and a large body of Indians and Ca-
nadians, are encamped. Chimney Point and Crown Point
are also occupied by the enemy.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
233
[Letter from Jacob Odell, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, November 1st, 1776.
Sir — I shall be glad thai you would acquaint the gen-
llemen of Convention that I am sick at Benjamin Dyck-
man's, and am not able to ride ; therefore I must quit the
business. As I am not able to come up, I have sent my
brother up with my account.
From your friend,
JACOB ODELL.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, at Convention,
or Egbert Benson, at Fishkill.
[Letter from Robert R. Livingston to Col. Peter R. Livingston, Presi-
dent of the Convention.]
Albany, October 23d, 1776.
Sir — Agreeable to the direction of the Committee of
Safety, immediately on the receipt of your letter, I set out
for this place.
I have not, since my arrival, been able to find more
than one member of the committee, the rest being either
gone with the militia or employed on some other public
business. The committee of arrangements are with Gene-
ral Schuyler, at Saratoga. I am unwilling to send for
them till they have despatched their business, as I consider
it as more important than any they can do here. Every
necessary measure has, I believe, been already taken to
support the northern army, so that I cannot imagine that
our stay here will be very useful. I shall, therefore, un-
less I receive directions to the contrary, return in a few
davs to Convention. In the mean while I can not help re-
commending, as an object of some moment, the immedi-
ate establishment of expresses to this place, and transmit-
ting the earliest intelligence by handbills, since nothing else
can effectually silence the falsehoods that are daily propa-
gated by the disaffected.
I have the honour to be,
Your most obt. and hum. servt.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON.
To Col. Peter R. Livinoston.
[Letter from Peter R. Livingston.]
Manor Livingston, 29th October, 1776.
Gentlemen — Finding, on my arriving here, the de-
mand for flour for th-e northern department still increasing,
thought it most prudent to send up to Mr. Avery all the
flour that was in the mills about this place, which, toge-
ther with what goes from Esopus, will make about 900
barrels, 200 of which was bought by Mr Schenk of Capt.
Huffman, and seventy odd of Mr. Mathew Contine. The
rest were purchased by a clerk of Mr. Avery and myself,
and were intended for Peekskill, had not the pressing de-
mand from Albany made it necessary to send it there. I
propose going to Albany this week to consult further with
Mr. Avery, whether it will be most for the good of the ser-
vice to send what will be ready by the return of the sloops
to Peekskill or to Albany.
Have sent Capt. Jansen into New-England to send down
the boards he has bought there, and to purchase grain and
teams, in order to forward the service all in my power.
Shall do myself the honour to write you from Albany.
Am, gentlemen, your very humble scrvt.
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
To Pierre Van Coktlandt, Esqr.
Vice-President, Fishkill.
Albany, Now. 30/A, 1776.
Sir — We having accidentally met, agreed to address a
few lines to the Convention, begging they would take in
consideration the necessity of allowing colours to the bat-
talions raised in this State during the war, as we can not
hear that any provision is made for them by Congress.
We would also beg leave to suggest to you that we are at
a loss to know where we shall furnish ourselves with drums
[Vol. II.] 59
and fifes, as we conceive both these matters to be of some
importance, inasmuch that we may at least appear as re-
spectable as our neighbours.
We beg your answer with the sense of Convention upon
the subject.
We are, most respectfully, sir,
Your very hum. servants,
GOOSE VAN SCHAICK,
PHILIP CORTLANDT,
PETER GANSEVOORT.
To Peter R. Livingston, Esqr. President of
the Convention of the State of New- York.
Middletown, in Connecticut, November 29th, 1776.
Sir — I use the privilege of our former acquaintance in
addressing you on a subject with which you must be in
some measure acquainted. It is now almost four months
since I was taken, with several other gentlemen, and sent
into this government ; my father and brother are in the
same situation, and at this place also ; so that there is no
one to take any care of our furniture and other valuable
effects, to the amount of several thousand pounds, which
are at Flalbush on Long island, and at Throg's Neck in
Westchester. The case of our family is peculiarly hard,
as I believe it is the only one of which all the individuals
have been apprehended and restrained of their liberty for
so long a time on a mere suspicion of being unfriendly, in
support of which suspicion also no proof whatever has
been adduced. Our case is also particular in another re-
spect : before I was taken at Westchester, and as soon as
I heard a parly was in pursuit of me, I wrote to Mr. Gou-
verneur Morris, requesting him to inform me what was
alleged against me, either with respect to my conduct in the
offices I held in the Colony, or in my private capacity.
His answer contained no intimation of any charge what-
ever ; on the contrary, he informed me that he had com-
municated my letter to the Convention ; that their attention
was at that time entirely engrossed by several important
matters which were then before them, and that as soon as
they were despatched, they would consider my requests,
&c. I have, notwithstanding, been detained a prisoner
ever since, without hearing any thing further in answer to
what I alleged !
The favour, sir, I have now to ask of you is, that you
would move the Convention that we may be allowed to
return to our own homes. Our family have already suffer-
ed greatly by their removal, and they must do so more and
more every day that they are detained.
I flatter myself, sir, that you will, both from principles
of humanity and justice, endeavour to effect our discharge,
in which case I shall always properly acknowledge the ob-
ligation.
I have the honour to be.
Your most humble and obedient servant,
JAS. JAUNCEY, JuNR.
P. S. I forgot to mention that we understand on an ap-
plication being made to General Washington for our dis-
charge, he answered that all matters of this sort were
referred to the Provincial Convention.
To Robert R. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter from Margaret Inglis to James Duane, Esqr.]
New-lVindsor, Nov. the 8th, 1776.
Sir — The humanity you so eminently possess, I plead
in excuse for the favour I am about to ask, which is to re-
quest you will exert your good offices, as far as you can
with propricly, to procure leave from the Honourable the
Provincial Congress of this State for me to return to New-
York with my family and furniture, from which I have
been absent near fourteen months, which has reduced me
to great difficulty and distress, with three helpless infiuits,
besides the pain of being separated from my husband in
234
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
these distressing times, when we have need of every friend
to connfort us.
I am encouraged to make this apphcalion as I have late-
ly heard that several ladies that were in Jersey have been
permitted to return to New-York with their families and
furniture ; particularly Mrs. Ante!! and Mrs. Barrow, which
makes me flatter myself that I shall have the same indul-
gence, of which I, and am confident Mr. Inglis will, ever
retain a grateful sense. Should leave be granted, of winch
I have the strongest hopes, I must also beg the permission
of a sloop to carry myself and family from New- Windsor,
under such restrictions as the Honourable Congress shall
appoint.
As the winter is advancing fast, I must beg you will let
me have your answer as soon as possible.
Please to present my best compliments to Mrs. Duane.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your very humble servant,
MARGARET INGLIS.
The Honourable James Duane, at Fishkill.
[A letter from Fredk. Roorback, at New-Windsor.]
New- Windsor, Nov. 28lh, 1776.
Gentlemen — My request is to know whether the Ho-
nourable House of Convention, will let the house of Mr.
Barclays. I should be glad to know the conditions by the
bearer, (my son,) as I want a place. I would have done
myself the honour to have waited on the Honourable House
in person, but being indisposed, hope you will not lake it
ill I take this method. If the conditions suit, I shall send
an immediate answer.
I am, gentlemen.
With the greatest respect,
Your very hum. servt.
FREDK. ROORBACK.
[A letter from Gen. George Clinton.]
Peekskill, 26th Nov. 1776.
Sir — Can you tell me the reason why Convention has
not been good enough to answer my letter concerning the
obstructing the navigation of Hudson's river, near Polopen's
island. I have taken a good deal of pains to sound and
measure it, and think it very practicable; and I am certain it
is a matter of the utmost moment to the public, and to this
State in particular, and not a moment's time, therefore, ought
to be lost in effecting it. Had Convention took the matter
up immediately, and applied to General Heath for aid, he
would have furnished 500 men at least, and tools to set
about it ; he could have done it consistent with his instruc-
tions from the Commander-in-Chief. I had prepared the
way for it, but I fear it is too late now, we have been un-
der marching orders these three days past, and only await
the direction of Gen. Washington. Should they be to
move, all is over with the river this season, and I fear
for ever. Had the men been employed in that business,
they would not have been taken from it. Gen. Lee, four
or five days ago had orders to move with his division across
the river ; instead of doing so, he ordered Gen. Heath to
march his men there, and he would replace them with so
many of his. Gen. Heath could not do this consistent with
his instructions, but put his men under marching orders,
and waits his Excellency's orders. None has gone over
yet, except Scott's brigade, which this morning moved
to Haverstraw. A strange way of cooking business. We
have no particular account yet from Head-Quarters ; but I
am apt to beheve retreating is yet fashionable,
Yours sincerely,
GEO. CLINTON.
T o John McKesson, Esqr.
[A copy of a letter from Col. Whiling, of King's District, to the com-
mittee ol' Albany.]
King't Dutrict, Ocl.25lh, 1776.
Sir — By several ways I am informed that your board
determined to send the lories that are now at Albany to
Hartford, therefore I thought it my duty to inform your board
of some matters as they appear withm and round our dis-
trict ; that the unfriendly party have disregarded all orders
relative to the call to march to Fort Edward ; that they have
since been seen to ride about in the night, and some of their
houses with numbers in them late at night ; that John Sa-
vage and Richard Powers were at home when our regi-
mant marched, and it is highly probable, in my view and
others, that they determine to rescue the lories out of the
hands of the guard unless it be a strong one ; which I pray
may be, at least until they have passed through the land
of the Moabites, the fi lends to this State. I got together
as soon as I arrived, and we determined at once to enrol
ourselves and keep in large companies, without intermis-
sion, until we can be better satisfied that we are in some
degree secure from that abandoned set of persons, that have,
and still arc, unwearied in their wicked machinations to
complete our ruin. I hope, sir, you will at least send us
such directions that will encourage and strengthen us ; as
our situation, in my view is distressing, being kept in con-
stant danger of having our arms taken from us ; and what
else they may have the boldness to do, God only knows. I
am sensible the mode we have adopted is, and will be at-
tended with great expense, but as matters stands to the
northward and southward, I cannot conceive that we are
safe among internal enemies, unless constantly under arms.
I could wish for moie of our regiment to be at home, if for
the good of the whole, or some rangers to be on this side
of the North river ; but submit this matter,
And remain, sir.
Your obedient hum. servant,
W. B. WHITING.
To Mb. Barclay, Chairman.
[A letter from Gen. W. Heath, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, 7 o'clock in the evening, Nov. 20th, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have just received intelligence from Ta-
pan by express, that a body of the enemy have landed on
the west side of Hudson's river, nearly opposite to Colonel
Phillips's house.
If General George Clinton or General Scott are at Fish-
kill, with the Hon. Convention or their Committee, beg the
favour that you would acquaint them with this, and desire
them to repair to this place without a moment's loss of
time.
I am, dear sir, with esteem,
Your most obedient and very hum. servt.
W. HEATH.
Col. Van Cortlandt.
Head-Quarters, Paramus, Dec. 18th, 1776.
Sir — By order of Major-General Heath, I hereby send
you a number of prisoners, four of which are prisoners of
war, viz. two soldiers, one lighthorseman and five sailors ;
the rest are state prisoners. The General sends them for-
ward knowing this not to be a proper place for them, and
begs the care of your Convention toward them.
I have the pleasure by his desire to inform you of the
success of our march, which has already been attended
with some good consequences, as there is fell in our hands
a large quantity of stores, besides arms, drums, &c.
I have the honour to be, with respect, sir,
Your most humble servt.
JONA. POLLARD, A. D. Camp.
To Colo. Pierre Van Cortland.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
235
New-Windsor, 18th December, 1776.
Gentlemen — It was suggested to this committee yester-
day evening, that Thomas ElHson's sloop of this place,
was loading goods on board, the property of the Reverend
Mr. Englis, in order to be sent to New- York. On which
the committee give orders that in case the sloop should
move from the dock, a guard should take her into custody
until they should be assured of the legality of such an act.
This morning a guard took her into possession, on which
Mr. Ellison showed the officer of the same an order from
the Honourable Convention of this State, for transporting
certain goods on board a flag of truce below the High-
lands. The officer immediately informed the committee
of the aforesaid order, who were of the opinion the order
must be spurious, otherwise the Honourable Convention
would have advised this committee of the matter, as it was
to be transacted within their bounds. And as committees
exist by the election of the people and recommendations of
the Honourable Congress, they conceive themselves as a
mere nullity, if they are not to take cognizance of such
affairs or be advised of them when determined on by their
superiors. Farther, the committee were induced to be-
lieve the aforesaid order to be spurious, as the property of
many of their brethren is either taken from them by the
rapacious hands of tyrants, or wantonly destroyed. They
could not believe the Honourable Convention would grant
a permit to have the property of those whose characters
are not only suspicious but avowed enemies to the cause of
American liberty, secured in a place of safety (as they con-
ceive,) while the property of some thousands of our brethren
lies exposed to our unnatural enemy.
We therefore have taken the liberty to stop the sloop
until one of our members wait on the Honourable Con-
vention to know the certainty of this matter.
We are, gentlemen, with the greatest esteem,
Your most obedt. hum. servants,
By order of the committee.
SAML. BREWSTER,
Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
Nevi-Tork, July 3d, 1776.
Gent. — I am out of money and can do nothing without
it ; should be glad you would send me five thousand pounds
on account, per Capt. Brasher, or let me know whether I
must come up to receive it. The last raised troops are in
want of guns, but can not get them, because Mr. Norwood
or I have not any orders to deliver them to any other
troops but the first four regiments that were raised. If I
am to deliver any, please to give me an order in writing.
The regulars have landed at Staten island without oppo-
sition. News just this moment came that part are marched
to Elizabethtown and some on Bergen Point ; and we have
most of the Jersey men over here. It is said the flying
camp from Philadelphia will be soon there to oppose them.
I could have wished that they had been there before they
came to prevent their laying the country waste. Not one
Connecticut man is come in yet,
I am, in haste, gent.
Your most obt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
To the New-York Provincial Congress.
In Congress, July 4, 1776.
A Declaration by the Representatives of the. United States
of America, in General Congress Assembled.
When in the course of human events, it becomes ne-
cessary for one people to dissolve the political bands
which have connected them with another, and to assume
among the powers of the earth the separate and equal sta-
tion to which the laws of nature and of nature's God enti-
tle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind re-
quires that they should declare the causes which impel
them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are
created equal ; that they are endowed by their Creator with
certain unalienable rights ; that among these are life, liberty
and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights,
governments are instituted among men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed ; that whenever
any form of government becomes destructive of these
ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and
to institute new government, laying its foundation on such
principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to
them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and hap-
piness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments
long established should not be changed for light and tran-
sient causes, and accordingly all experience hath shewn
that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are
sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms
to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of
abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same ob-
ject, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute de-
spotism, it is their right — it is their duty, to throw off such
government, and to provide new guards for their future se-
curity. Such has been the patient sufferance of these
Colonies ; and such is now the necessity which constrains
them to alter their former system of government. The
history of the present King of Great Britain, is a history
of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct
object the estabUshment of an absolute tyranny over these
States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid
world.
He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome
and necessary for the public good.
He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of imme-
diate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their
operation till his assent should be obtained ; and when so
suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation
of large districts of people, unless those people would re-
linquish the right of representation in the Legislature, a
right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together legislative bodies, at places un-
usual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of
their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them
into compliance with his measures.
He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly for
opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights
of the people.
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions,
to cause others to be elected ; whereby the legislative
powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the peo-
ple at large for their exercise ; the State remaining in the
meantime exposed to all the dangers of invasion from
without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these
States ; for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturali-
zation of foreigners ; refusing to pass others to encourage
their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new
appropriations of lands.
He has obstructed the administration of justice, by re-
fusing his assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers.
He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the
tenure of their office, and the amount and payment of their
salaries.
He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent
hither swarms of officers to harass our people, and cat out
their substance.
He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing ar-
mies, without the consent of our Legislatures.
He has affected to render the military independent of,
and superior to the civil power.
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdic-
tion foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by
236
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
our laws ; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legis-
lation.
For quartering large bodies of troops among us :
For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment
for any murders which they should commit on the inhabi-
tants of these States :
For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world :
For imposing taxes on us without our consent :
For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial
by jury :
For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended
offences :
For abolishing the free system of English laws in a
neighbouring Province, establishing therein an arbitrary
government, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render
it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the
same absolute rule into these Colonies :
For taking away our charters, aboHshing our most valu-
able laws, and altering fundamentally the forms of our go-
vernments :
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring
themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all
cases whatsoever:
He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out
of his protection, and waging war against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt
our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign
mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation and
tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty and
perfidy, 'scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages,
and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow-citizens taken captive on
the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become
the execiitioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall
themselves by their hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and
has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our fron-
tiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of
warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes
and conditions.
In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned
for redress, in the most humble terms : our repeated peti-
tions have been answered only by repeated injury. A
Prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which
may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free peo-
ple.
Nor have we been wanting in attentions to our British
brethren. We have warned them from time to time of at-
tempts by their Legislature to extend an unwarrantable
jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the cir-
cumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We
have appealed to their native justice and magnamimity, and
we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred
to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably in-
terrupt our connection and correspondence. They, too,
have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consangui-
nity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity
which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we
hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war ; in peace, friends.
We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States
of America, in General Congress assembled, appealing to
the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our
intentions, do, in the name and by the authority of the good
people of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare,
that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be,
free and independent States ; that they are absolved from
all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political
connection between them and the Stale of Great Britain
is and ought to be totally dissolved ; and that, as free and
independent States, they have full power to levy war, con-
clude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to
do all other acts and things which Independent Stales may
of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with
a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence we
mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes and
our sacred honour.
Signed by order and in behalf of the Congress,
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Attest.
Charles Thomson, Secretary.
Philadelphia, 2d July, 1776.
Gentlemen— The important question of independency
was agitated yesterday in a committee of the whole Con-
gress, and this day will be finally determined in the House.
We know the line of our conduct on this occasion. We
have your instructions, and will faithfully pursue them.
New doubts and difficulties however will arise, should in-
dependence be declared ; and that it will not, we have not
the least reason to expect, nor do we believe, that, if any,
more than one Colony, (and the Delegates of that divided,)
will vote against the question ; every Colony, (ours only
excepted,) having withdrawn their former instructions ; and
either positively instructed their Delegates to vole for inde-
pendency, or concur in such vole, if they shall judge it
expedient. What part are we to act after this event lakes
place ; every act we join in may then be considered as in
some measure according to the vote of independency, and
binding our Colony on that score. Indeed many matters
in this new situation may turn up in which the propriety of
our voting may be doubtful ; though we conceive, (con-
sidering the critical situation of public affairs, and as they
respect our Colony in particular, invaded, or soon likely to
be, by powerful armies in different quarters,) it is our diJty,
nay, it is absolutely necessary, that we should not only
concur with, but exert ourselves in forwarding our military
operations. The immediate safety of the Colony calls for
and will warrant us in this. Our situation is singular and
delicate, no other Colony being similarly circumstanced,
wiih whom we can consult ; we wish therefore for your
earliest advice and instructions, whether we are to consider
our Colony bound by the vote of the majority, in favour of
independency, and vote at large on such questions as may
arise in consequence thereof, or only concur in such mea-
sures as may be absolutely necessary for the common safe-
ty and defence of America, exclusive of the idea of inde-
pendency. We fear it will be difficult to draw the hne -
but once possessed of your instructions we will use our
best endeavours to follow them.
We are, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedt. servts.
GEO. CLINTON,
HENRY WISNER,
JOHN ALSOP,
WM. FLOYD,
FRAS. LEWIS.
To the Honble. the Provincial Congress,
of New- York.
Philadelphia, July 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen — Time writing the enclosed, the question
of independence has been put in Congress, and carried in
the affirmative without one dissenting vote. I therefore
beg your answer as quick as possible, to the enclosed.
I am, with due regard, your humble servant,
HENRY WISNER.
To the Provincial Congress, at New- York.
[ Parole of Samuel Cox.]
I, Samuel Cox, being made a prisoner of war, by the
army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North America,
do promise and engage, on my word and honour, and on
the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to the town-
ship of Bedford, in Westchester county, in the Province of
New-York, being the place of my destination and resi-
dence, and there, or within six miles thereof, to remain
during the present war between Great Britain and the said
United Colonies, or until the Congress of the said United
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
237
Colonies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Committee or
Council of Safety of the said Colony, shall order other-
wise ; and that I will not directly or indirectly give any in-
telligence whatsoever to the enemies of the United Colo-
nies, or do or say any thing in opposition to, or in preju-
dice of the measures and proceedings of any Congress for
the said Colonies during the present troubles, or until I am
duly exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D.
1776.
SAML. COX,
Master of the sloop Charlotte, transport.
[Parole of R. Bruere.]
I, Richard Bruere, being made a prisoner of war, by
the army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North Ameri-
ca, do promise and engage, on my word and honour, and
on the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to the
township of Bedford, in Westchester county, in the Pro-
vince of New- York, being the place of my destination and
residence, and there, or within six miles thereof, to remain
during the present war between Great Britain and the said
United Colonies, or until the Congress of the said United
Colonies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Committee or
Council of Safety of the said Colony shall order other-
wise ; and that I will not directly or indirectly give any in-
telligence whatsoever to the enemies of the United Colo-
nies, or do or say any thing in opposition to, or in preju-
dice of the measures and proceedings of any Congress for
the said Colonies during the present troubles, or until I am
duly exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D.
1776.
R. BRUERE, Midshipman, <^c.
[Parole of Jos. Woolcombe.]
T, Joseph Woolcombe, being made a prisoner of war, by
the army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North Ameri-
ca, do promise and engage, on my word and honour, and on
the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to the town-
ship of Bedford, in Westchester county, in the Province
of New-York, being the place of my destination and resi-
dence, and there, or within six miles thereof, to remain
during the present war between Great Britain and the said
United Colonies, or until the Congress of the said United
Colonies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Committee or
Council of Safety of the said Colony shall order other-
wise ; and that I will not directly or indirectly give any in-
telligence whatsoever to the enemies of the United Colo-
nies, or do or say any thing in opposition to, or in preju-
dice of the measures and proceedings of any Congress for
the said Colonics during the present troubles, or until I am
duly exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D.
1776.
JOS. WOOLCOMBE,
Chief Mate of the ship Blue Mountain Valley.
[Letter from Alexander Wallace to Gouvr. Morris, covering an inven-
tory of Hugh Wallace's plate.]
New-York, 28th December, 1776.
Dear Sir — I got safe home here the 25th inst. and
found all my family in good health, except my son Huffh,
who is very bad, and little hopes of his recovery. Mrs.
Hugh Wallace is pretty well in health but very unhappy
about her husband being kept so long from her, and what
adds to her distress is the very heavy loss she has met with
about ten days ago in losing all her plate. She sent it to
Mr. Richard Yates last summer, at Aquacknock, to be
kept there as a place of safety ; but upon his leaving that
place he had tlie box which contained the plate, put on
board a brig commanded by Capt. Roche, bound to this
place ; about five miles below Hackinsack, the brig was
[Vol. II.] 60
seized by a party of your army and all the goods taken out.
The plate cost upwards of £1,500 this currency. She
thinks the gentlemen belonging to the Convention, when
they know it belongs to her, will order it to be sent to her
immediately, as it would be very hard indeed to send her
husband away to Connecticut and allow her property to be
plundered. I must request the favour of you to get this
affair settled as soon as possible. Enclosed is an inventory
of the plate ; it was all in one box. My papers are in
much better order than I expected ; but my brother and I
shall suffer greatly by being sent away from our property.
I have sent your letter to your mother, who is very well,
as is all your friends. I shall go and see your mother in
a few days. Gen. Robinson assured me all the women
and children who have a mind to go to their husbands or
friends, have liberty to go by this flag or any other way
they think proper. I am sorry Major Fish has not liberty
to come on shore, or that Mr. Scott's request is not granted ;
be assured I have done all in my power, but have no interest
with Gen. Howe ; he is too busy at present sending de-
spatches to England, to be seen. You will please present
my compliments to all friends, and be assured, I am with
great esteem,
Your much obliged humb. servt.
ALEXANDER WALLACE.
Please deliver the enclosed letters ; give the one for
Hugh Wallace to Mr. Saml. Louden, to be sent by post.
My brother has lost all his clothes in the Jerseys ; Mrs.
Wallace sent them there. Tell Mr. John Ten Broeck I
have not yet seen Mr. Wray, but am told he is here.
To GoVERNEUR MoRRis, Esq.
The Contents of a chest of Plate belonging to Hugh
Wallace, Esq.
1 tea urn, 1 epergne, 1 very large bowl, 4 candlesticks,
1 large pudding dish, 2 small pudding dishes, 2 large sal-
vers, 3 small salvers, 1 large tankard, 1 coffee pot, 1 pitcher,
1 cruet stand, 4 long handled spoons, 4 scalloped spoons,
1 dozen table spoons, 1 dozen desert spoons, 1 sugar dish,
1 funnel, 1 fish trowel, 6 salts, 6 salt spoons, 2 mustard
pots with spoons, 6 skewers, 2 milk pots, 1 tea chest with
cannisters, 1 sugar tongs, 4 labels for bottles, 4 tumblers,
4 rummers, 2 black jacks, 1 large soup ladle, 1 marrow
spoon.
[A letter from Jas. Smith at St. Eustatia, covering a Bill of Lading. ]
St. Eustatia, June 28, 1776.
Gentlemen — Although an entire stranger, the critical
situation of the times necessitates me to address and trouble
you with the disposal of five hundred weight of gunpow-
der as per bill of lading enclosed, requesting that the nett
proceeds may be remitted immediately, if an opportunity
off'ers, in either of the articles annexed for your Govern-
ment. Should this not be the case, desire the proceeds
may be remitted to Mr. Jos. Donaldson, merchant, in Phi-
ladelphia, with a letter entrusted to the care of the captain
for that gentleman. This is not the first shipment of this
article, or the last I intend, therefore flatter myself you
will, as the guardians of the public, pay some attention to
this small shipment. I am with the highest respect and
veneration.
Gentlemen, your most obedt. humb. servt.
JAS. SMITH.
Good tobacco in preference ; good common flour, 200
weight, not exceeding ; corn, peas, pork, good and very
reasonable.
Price Current, retail-
Tobacco, best quality, 70*. to 75*. per cwt.
Superfine flour, ^^s.
Common do ^^2*. 6d.
Pork, Xe 12*.
Corn, 12*.
Pens, 12 to 15*.
S. bread, ... C6*.
238 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
Rice, 3G«. to 39s.
Lumber, high.
Jischange, 77i per cent.
W. India produce, little demand.
Rum, 2s. per gall.
Sugar, 36*. per lb.
Cotfee, 7cZ. per lb.
Limes, 15s. per bbl.
" Shipped, by the grace of God, in good order and well
conditioned, by Jas. Smith, in and upon the good schooner
pilot boat called the Lovely Lass, whereof is master, under
God, for this present voyage and now riding at anchor in
the roads of St. Eustatia, and by God's grace bound for
Philadelphia or some port in North America, to say, ten
half barrels, containing five hundred weight of gunpowder,
on the proper account and risk of the shipper, and consign-
ed to Mr. Joseph Donaldson, merchant, Philadelphia, or
to such committee or council of safety as may be appomtcd
at any other port she arrives at, being marked and num-
bered as in the margin, and to be delivered in the like good
order, and well conditioned, at the aforesaid port of Phi-
ladelphia, &c. (the danger of the seas only excepted) unto
Joseph Donaldson, or such committee or council of safety
or to their assigns, he or they paying freight for the said
goods settled already with primage and average accustom-
ed. In witness whereof, the master or purser of the said
schooner hath affirmed to 3 bills of lading, all of this tenor
and date ; the one of which three bills being accomplished,
the other two to stand void. And so God send the good
schooner to her desired port in safety. — Amen.
" Dated in St. Eustatia, June 29, 1776.
"JOHN TAYLOR."
Philadelphia, 27 Ih June, 1776.
Gentlemen — We doubt not but before this you have
received our President's letter, informing you that this
Congress have appointed the officers for the regiment di-
rected to be raised in our Colony, by the resolve passed
on Friday last and then transmitted you ; but as we con-
ceive the appointment of officers by this Congress for new
levies to be raised in a particular Colony, is contrary to
the ordinary practice, and may therefore be considered as
in some measure infringing on the rights of the Colony,
we beg leave, as far as we are able, to explain the reasons
of Congress for taking this step, and our conduct therein.
On receiving the late intelligence from Canada, respect-
ing the repulse of the detachment of our army commanded
by Gen. Thompson, at Three Rivers, &c. the despatches
containing this account, with the state of our army in Ca-
nada, were referred to the board of war, who, the same
day, reported the necessity of reinforcing our army there
with four regiments, &c. ; that to be raised in our (Colony
to be one ; to expedite the raising of which, an arrange-
ment of the officers was also reported and agreed to by
Congress. We objected to this measure, and thought it
our duty to withhold our assent, not only because it was,
as we conceived, introducing a new precedent which might
give offence, but might interfere with appointments which
you might probably have made for the same regiment, in
consequence of the former resolves. The pressing occa-
sion and necessity of despatch were urged to support the
measure ; and it was alleged that as these appointments
were made of particular persons who had merited it by
former service, it interfered with no former rule ; and even
should the appointments be continued to the Provincial
Congress, it would in this case only create unnecessary
delay, as the same persons must be appointed by them to
answer the design and meaning of tliis Congress expres-
sed in their former resolve. We were persuaded, nay we
are morally certain, considering the busy season of the
year, which will enhance the wages of labourers, and the
numbers of militia now in the service, that this regiment
can not possibly be raised in time to answer the end for
which it IS more particularly designed ; and should our af-
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
fairs in Canada grow worse, as we have reason to appre-
hend from present appearances, we feared lest delay,
though unavoidable, and every misfortune which may
befal our army in Canada, for want of a proper reinforce-
ment, might by some be imputed to our Colony, notwith-
standing your utmost exertions to carry in execution this
impracticable and, as we conceive, ineffectual measure.
We judged it, therefore, most prudent only to mention our
reasons for withholding our assent, without making a more
pointed and strenuous opposition to the measure, thereby
leaving the Colony in such a situation as not to incur any
blame on this occasion.
We are, gentlemen.
With the highest respect,
Your most obedt. servts.
GEO. CLINTON,
FRAS. LEWIS,
WM. FLOYD.
HENRY WISNER,
JOHN ALSOP.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of New- York.
Albany Committee Chamber, ?
2S//1 June, 1776. J
Pursuant to a resolve of last general meeting, the polls
of the several elections held in the respective districts in
this county, for Deputies to represent this city and county
in Provincial Congress, with full power to form a new
government, and the names of the several voters and the
Deputies they had voted for, being carefully counted, a
majority of votes appeared for Abraham Yates, Junr. Ro-
bert Yates, Robert Van Rensselaer, Abraham Ten Broeck,
Christopher Yates, Peter R. Livingston, John Js. Bleecker,
Jacob Cuyler, Leonard Gansevoort, John Ten Broeck,
Matthew Adgate and John Tayler. This committee do
thereupon hereby declare the said persons to be duly
elected, and that they, or any three of them, represent this
city and county in Provincial Congress for the purposes
mentioned in the resolves of said Congress.
A true copy from the minutes.
MAT. VISSCHER, Secy.
Philadelphia, 26th June, 1776.
Dear Sir — The enclosed I wrote yesterday morning,
since which the board of war reported the necessity of
sending more troops into Canada to reinforce our army
there, and among other things, the necessity of immedi-
ately appointing the officers in the regiment ordered to be
raised in New-York, that they might immediately set
about recruiting the regiment ; and at the same time re-
ported a list of the officers, taking them in rank as
arranged by General Montgomery at Montreal ; which re-
port the Congress have confirmed, and made the appoint-
ments accordingly. I should have had no objections tc
this had it been done before the resolve of last Friday, di-
recting your Congress to recommend the officers for this
new regiment, as in that case it might have saved you
from troublesome application and blame ; but as that re-
solve was transmitted to your Congress some time ago, at
least three days, and you may have proceeded to the ap-
pointment of the officers, as thereby directed, I could not
approve of this new step ; especially as I can not think it
will much hasten the recruiting the regiment, and at any
rate, I think the recruits yet to be raised can not be got
ready in time to save Canada. However, J did not choose
strenuously to oppose a measure which many thought es-
sentially necessary. If it is wrong, we are not to blame.
I have not time to add any thing further, nor have I any
thing new worth communicating.
Yours affectionately,
GEO. CLINTON.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
239
[Letter from Wm. Duethen, staling his re idiness to enter the service.]
Phillipsboroiigfi, June 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — Having understood that there is a number
of men to be raised in Westchester county, to do county
duty, and whereas there is a number of men under my
command that are as well equipt as any company in the
county, and I think I can say with safety the best ; and
the men in general are all willing to engage in their coun-
try's service if the gentlemen of the Provincial Congress
think fit to employ them. As we have heretofore done a
great deal of county duty, when other companies have
been left at home, and have never had any satisfaction for
it, also we never intend to make any demand of; however we
have notwithstanding been very ill used ; for all the other
companies have had powder and ball delivered to them when
we are left without any ; so, gentlemen, if you should be
in want of us, you may let me know by the earliest oppor-
tunity, and you may depend on it the men will be ready
almost on the shortest notice ; therefore you must send up
recruiting orders immediately.
From your humble servant,
WILLIAM DUETHEN.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from the Chairman of Cow-Neck and Great- Neck committee.]
In Committee : District of Cow-Neck, Great-Neck, &c. >
June 2.5, 1776. ^
Gentlemen — Whereas, a vacancy has happened in the
officers of the militia company of this district, by the pro-
motion of Captain Sands to the rank of Colonel ; this is
to certify that the following gentlemen having signed the
general association, and being duly elected as officers of
the militia company in this district, in room of those
promoted, agreeable to the recommendation of the Honble.
Provincial Congress of this Colony, we do hereby return
and recommend them accordingly for their commissions,
viz.Thos. Mitchell, captain ; Aspinwall Cornwall, 1st heu-
tenant ; Oliver Lawrence 2nd lieutenant.
Signed by order of committee.
ADRIAEN ONDERDONCK, Chaim.
Attested.
John Farmer, Clerk.
The Hon. the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Adjutant-General Reed to Colonel Remsen.]
Head-Quarters, June 26, 1776.
Sir — The taking proper measures for apprehending a
person of dangerous principles and conduct last evening,
prevented my writing you as I proposed, respecting the pri-
soners brought in yesterday. I mentioned what passed be-
tween us to the General, but on referring to the resolution of
Congress, we found the disposition of prisoners wholly given
to the Congresses, Committees, &c. of the respective Colo-
nies. In this view His Excellency did not choose to give
any directions about them, but at the same time suggested
his wishes that they might be removed out of the city as
soon as possible. How far the Colony of Connecticut
might choose to take prisoners captivated in other Provin-
ces, unless sent by the Continental Congress, must be left
to the wisdom of your own Convention ; they now have
many under these circumstances. If any farther guard is
necessary, upon receiving an intimation on that head it shall
be immediately complied with.
I am, sir, your most obt. humble servt.
.lOS. REED.
[A letter from Garret Abeel, chairman of a committer.]
Committee Chamher, ?
iAthJwic, 1776. J
Gentlemen — The general committee of this city and
county beg leave to represent to the Honourable the Pro-
vincial Congress now sitting, that immediately upon their
first meeting after receiving the resolves of their body re-
specting the last association, to be tendered to the inhabi-
tants of this city and county, they appointed sub-commit-
tees to go through the different wards and tender the same
to the inhabitants ; and also, that agreeable to their recom-
mendation of the 21st instant, they immediately sent for
William Muckelvaine and Stephen Fountain ; that upon
Muckelvaine's signing the last association, acknowledging
that he had represented falsehoods to the Congress respect-
ing this committee, that he was sorry for his past conduct
in refusing to sign the association or deliver up his arms
upon oath, and that it proceeded from ignorance, and not
with any evil intention, the committee resolved to dis-
charge him from confinement ; that with respect to Foun-
tain, they find that he was sent from Blue Point on Long-
island, and therefore his case not coming under their cog-
nizance, they have returned him to the charge of the jail-
keeper. They would beg leave also to mention that no
evidence has been, nor can they find that any evidence
against him can be produced to this committee.
Capt. Randle having just now called upon the committee,
respecting the last association being tendered to John L. C.
Roome, Augustus Van Home, Thos. W. Moore and Vin-
centPearse Ashfield, prisoners committed by this committee
for refusing to deliver up their arms upon oath, &c. ; the
committee beg leave to observe that their commitment
was not founded alone on their refusal to deliver up their
arms upon oath, but upon the resolve of the Honourable
Continental Congress of the 6th October last, by which
power is given to confine all such persons whose going at
large may endanger the safety of the Colony, or the liber-
ties of America.
The committee are sorry to acquaint the Congress that
as yet not the least evidence in the world has been given
to them that the discharging those persons from confine-
ment will not endanger the safely of the Colony, or the
liberties of America.
Gladly, very gladly would they enlarge those gentlemen
from a confinement now grown disagreeable to them, if
they could do it consistent with their duly to their country,
and any evidence that they were become friendly to its in-
terests.
By order of the committee.
GARRET ABEEL, Chairman.
The Honourable the Provincial Congress.
Camp on Long island, June 24</j, 1776.
Dear General. — The Scotch prisoners with their
baggage have arrived at my quarters ; I wait your Excel-
lency's directions to know how to dispose of them. Their
baggage has not yet been opened. As the night is fast
approaching, accommodation will be immediately neces-
sary. There is eight men and three women, two of quali-
ty.
I am, your E.xcellency's,
Most obedient humble servant,
N. GREENE.
To His Excellency General Wa.shington.
Aorwalk, 24th June, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 22d instant we receiv-
ed last evening by Mr. Sears. In compliance of which,
after the intelligence communicated to us by Mr. Sears,
we this day called before us Mr. Bowden ; from whom it
was expected by Mr. Sears that discoveries of importance
with respect to His Excellency General Washington's life
guards, and the destruction of tiie magazine might be
made, and put him under oath for that purpose; who de-
clared he had never heard of any attempt to take away the
life of the General or any officer, or destroy the magazine,
nor ever heard one single word respecting the same. Mr.
Bowden further declared that he had frequently heard in
company, that some of the General's life guard had dc-
240
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
serted, and others were uneasy and weary of ihe service,
and would go on board the men of war if ihey could, and
that there were desertions on both sides ; these reports he
heard principally fronn those that are called tories. And
he further says those reports he heard in New- York and
on Long island openly and publicly, but could not point out
any particular person ; and never supposed thenn to be any
secret or discovery. Mr. Bowden very willingly and
readily answered to every question put to him. This is
all the discovery we can make.
By order of the committee.
Attest.
Jesse Raymond, Clerk.
To Messrs. Philip Livingston,
John Jay, Gouvb. Morris, New- York.
[A leUer from Jos. Bull to Colo. H. Remsen.]
New-York, \st June, 1776.
Dear Sir — When I was in town last week, I expected
to, but missed seeing you. On my return home met
with your letter, but can not by any means comply with
the contents. My business is of such a nature that I can
not leave it. My books, say the books of Corsa & Bull,
are in the country, to which with other matters I must at-
tend ; and as my residence is now there, I think some
person ought to be appointed in my stead. Had I been
commissioned, I should before this have resigned. Be-
sides all this, I am by no means a friend to independency,
which I think has or will take place soon ; and shall not
in any capacity arm in defence of it.
I am, sir, with much esteem,
Your obedient very humble servt.
JOSEPH BULL.
To Colo. Remsen.
[Genl. Washington's copy of the resolve of Continental Congress, to
raise 6000 men for Canada.]
In Congress, June 1st, 1776.
Resolved, That six thousand militia be employed to re-
inforce the army in Canada, and to keep up the communi-
cation with that Province ; and to make up that number.
Resolved, That the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, be re-
quested to supply of their militia, 3000, 4 battalions ; Con-
necticut of their mihtia, 1500, 2 battalions ; New-Hamp-
shire of their mihtia, 750, 1 battalion ; New- York, 750, 1
battalion.
In Congress, June ith, 1776.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the Assemblies
and Conventions of the Colonies requested to supply or
furnish militia by the resolutions of yesterday, to take par-
ticular care that the militia come provided with arms, ac-
coutrements and camp kettles.
E.xtract from the minutes,
CHA. THOMSON, Secy.
[A letter from the Albany Committee to the Deputies, requesting gun-
powder.]
Albany Committee Chamber, >
June oth, 1776. J
Gent. — We have taken into consideration the necessity
of powder in this county. We have but 20 weight in the
whole, whereas four ton more will scarcely supply the in-
habitants thereof in case of an emergency.
We, therefore, beg you will not fail to send up four ton
for the use of this county, by the first opportunity. Tryon
county is in a still worse situation for the want of the same
article.
We are, gent, your very humble servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman pro tern.
To Jacob Cutler, John Ten Broeck,
Henry Glen and others, the Depu-
ties of the county of Albany at New-
York.
In Committee i or the District or Jamaica. }
Maij 31s/. 1776. J
Gentlemen — In consequence of a resolve of Provincial
Congress respecting the returning the inhabitants of the
city of New- York, who left the same since the first of
June last, this committee gave personal notice to all such
persons as had moved into tiiis district, requesting them to
comply with the said resolve, limiting them to what this
committee thought a reasonable lime for the same ; and as
many of them at the expiration of the said time limited,
had not satisfied this committee in their leave of absence
from the said city, therefore, we send such of those
persons down to the city as we can get, the others keep-
ing themselves concealed. But before this method was
taken, public notice was again given by advertisement, re-
questing them to satisfy this committee of the reasons of
their non-compliance, which ihey have not done.
By order of the committee.
ELIAS BALEYS, Chairman.
P. S. This committee are of opinion that John Living-
ston, Junr. ought to be kept in custody till he produces one
Smith, his hostler, who is kept secreted by Livingston's
family.
In Committee, Jamaica, )
June the 5lh, 1776. J
Gentlemen — As we now stand, and may further stand
in need of a small sum of money for the necessity of our
county, we therefore beg you will please to send the sum
of one hundred pounds. For which sum we will be an-
swerable to the Province.
We are, with respect, gentlemen, yr. humble servts.
By order.
GEORGE TOWNSEND, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
[A letter from Brigadier-Genl. Scott to G. Roorback, barrack-master,
requesting barracks to be provided for his troops arriving from
Westchester.]
June 19th, 1776.
Mr. Roorback — I have just received information that
the Westchester company of Col. Drake's regiment, will be
in town this evening ; and the Colonel has prudently sent
notice of it, that quarters and subsistence may be provided
for them. You are therefore to look to the providing them
with quarters, and to wait on the Commissary-General, to
whom I now write respecting their subsistence.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT,
Brigadier- General.
To Mr. Garret Roorback,
Barrack-master.
[Letter from Jos. Reed, Adjt. Genl.]
Sir — John Alner, a citizen of New-York, was taken
up this morning alone in a boat, near the man of war.
The circumstances are so suspicious, that it was not thought
proper to discharge him : but as his political character will
be of weight on such an occasion, he is referred to your
Honourable Body to be dealt with.
I am, sir, very respectfully,
Your obdt. hble. servt.
JOS. REED, Adjt. Genl
To the Honble. the Chairman of the
Provincial Congress, New- York.
[A letter from Mr. Christian Jacobson, and the other whigs of Rieh
mond, requesting 200 weight of gunpowder.]
Richmond County, June the 10th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The militia in our county want a supply
of powder, for which we desire you will apply to the
Congress, and if obtained, give us directions in what
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
241
manner to dispose of it : 200wt. for the present, will be
sufficient. Am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. humbl. servt.
CHRISTIAN JACOBSON,
Chairman of the Committee.
To Messrs. Richard Conner and John
Journey, Esqrs. Deputies for the coun-
ty of Richmond.
[Genl. Washington's copy of a resolve of Congress, to raise 3,000
men.]
In Congress, June 1st, 1776.
Resolved, That thirteen thousand eight hundred mihtia
be employed to reinforce the army at New- York.
To complete which number,
Resolved, That the Colony of Massachusetts Bay be
requested to furnish of their militia, 2,000 ; Connecticut,
of their mihtia, 5,500 ; New- York, of their militia, 3,000;
New-Jersey, of their militia, 3,300.
Resolved, That the militia be engaged the first day of
December ne.xt, unless sooner discharged by Congress.
That the pay of the militia commence from the day of
their marching from home, and that they be allowed one
penny a mile, lawful money, in lieu of rations, for tra-
velling expenses, and one day's pay for every twenty
miles between home and the general rendezvous, going
and returning.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
[A letter from Brigadier-Genl. Ten Broeck to Brigadier-Genl. Scott.]
Mbany, Vith June, 1776.
Sir — Your letter, with the printed resolutions of Con-
gress enclosed, was delivered me at 7 o'clock this after-
noon, per express. The general committee of this coun-
ty being convened, I immediately sent your letter to their
chamber. I shall do all in my power to forward the busi-
ness recommended, but am, unhappily, again confined to
my room, occasioned by a bad state of health, which I
contracted near two months since,
I am, with great esteem, sir,
Your most humble servt.
ABM. TEN BROECK.
Brigadier-General John M. Scott,
at New-York.
[A letter from Thomas Cregier.]
On board of the Schooner General Putnam, >
Egg Harbour, June 20th, 1776. J
Sir — After my due respects to yourself and the Ho-
nourable House, I am to inform you that on my passage
here from Barnegat, 1 saw three sail of vessels plying to
the northeast ; they appeared to be three ships. I imme-
diately then hauled my wind to speak to them, the wind
about N. by W. After standing for them some time,
I found one of them to be a very large ship, and was soon
convinced she was a ship of war of about fifty guns ; I
then bore away for this harbour, where I arrived this
morning. I cruised in and out of Barnegat five days, in
hopes of meeting some vessel bound into that inlet, as I
was informed two vessels were to put into that place.
This information I received by a person who was on board
of a sloop tl)at was drove on shore by the Lively, frigate,
on the eleventh of June. She came from the West In-
dies, having about three hundred bushels of salt on board,
with other goods. The owners were one Schanck and
Van Vagliten. The ship's boats, after she struck the
beach, immediately boarded her, but the inhabitants com-
ing to their aid, quitted her without plundering ; they en-
deavoured to set fire to her, but to no eflfoct, as timely as-
sistance prevented their scheme. I shall keep a good look
[Vol. ii.] 61
out, and hope to render a better account in my next, and
am, with the profoundest respect,
Your most obedient humble servt.
THOMAiS CREGIER.
Thomas Randle, Esqr. in New-York,
Member of the Provincial Congress,
or in his absence, to Jacobus Van
Zandt, Esqr.
[A letter from Rynier Van Hoese, a prisoner in the City Hall, praying
to be liberated.]
New City Hall, June Uth, 1776.
Gentlemen of the Honourable Provincial Congress of the
State of New-York.
Sirs — This is to inform you that I have been confined
here a great while — the space of four months almost, and
am in a sickly state of health at present, and kept here
from my family ; that my wife is in a very melancholy
state likewise, and should be willing to give any satisfac-
tion in this life to have the liberty to return to my family
with your Honours' leave.
Sirs, if I understand the crime alleged against me, it is
for being on board of His Majesty's ship Ross, which is
true. I was pressed on board in Rhode Island, and went
down to Boston, and upon my return to Nantucket I made
my escape from them, and have been with my family
since, till I was taken and put in jail. And now, gentle-
men, I must beg that you discharge me if you can see it
in your way, and I shall take leave to subscribe myself
your faithful friend and humble servant,
RYNIER VAN HOESE.
P. S. Gentlemen, it was sometime in February that I
Was in Boston, in 1775, and I did not know that I was
committing a crime worthy of four or five months' impri-
sonment at the time. And now, gentlemen, I beg, with
submission, that you will let me go home to my family
once more, while I am alive, for I am afraid that I shall
not continue a great while in this place.
The Honourable Proviacial Congress.
[The respectful Address of the Mechanics in Union, for the city and
county of New- York, represented by their General Committee.]
To the Honourable the Delegates, elected by the several
counties and districts within the Government of Neio-
York, in Colonial Congress convened.
Elected Delegates — In due confidence in the decla-
ration which you lately made to the chairman of our gene-
ral committee, that you are " at all times ready and willing
to attend to every request of " your "constituents, or any
part of them," we, the mechanics in union, though a very
inconsiderable part of your constituents, beg leave to re-
represent, that one of the clauses in your resolve, respect-
ing the establishment of a new form of government, is
erroneously construed, and for that reason may serve the
most dangerous purposes ; for, it is well known, how in-
defatigable the emissaries of the British Parliament are, in
the pursuit of every scheme which is hkely to bring dis-
grace upon our rulers and ruin upon us all. At the same
time we cheerfully acknowledge that the genuine spirit of
liberty which animates the other parts of that resolve, did
not permit us to interpret it in any other sense than tliat
which is the most obvious, and likewise the most favour-
able to the natural rights of man. We would not, we
never can believe, you intended that the future Delegates,
or yourselves, should be vested with the power of Iraming
a new Constitution for this Colony, and that its inhabitants
at large should not exercise the right which (Jod has
given them, in common with all men, to judge whether it
be consistent with their interest to accept, or reject, a Con-
stitution framed for that Slate of which they arc members.
This is the birthright of every man, to whatever State he
may belong. There, he is, or ought to be, by inalienable
242
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
right, a co-legislator with all the other members of that
community.
Conscious of our own want of abilities, we arc, alas !
but too sensible, that every individual is not qualified for
assisting in the framing of a Constitution : but that share of
common sense which the Ahnighty has bountifully dis-
tributed amongst mankind in general, is sufficient to quicken
every one's feeling, and enable him to judge rightly, what
degree of safety, and what advantages he is likely to enjoy
or be deprived of, under any Constitution proposed to him.
For this reason, should a preposterous confidence in the
abilities and integrity of our future Delegates, delude us
into measures which might imply a renunciation of our in-
alienable right to ratify our laws ? We believe that your
wisdom, your patriotism, your own interest, nay, your
ambition itself, would urge you to exert all the powers of
persuasion you possess, and try every method which, in
your opinion, would deter us from perpetrating that impi-
ous and frantic act of self-destruction ; for, as it would pre-
cipitate us into a state of absolute slavery, the lawful
power which, till now, you have received from your con-
stituents, to be exercised over a free people, would be
annihilated by tliat unnatural act. It might, probably, ac-
celerate our political death, but it must immediately cause
your own.
The continuate silence of the bodies which are, by elec-
tion, vested with an authority subordinate to that of your
House, would strike us with amazement, should we sup-
pose that, in their presence, your resolve ever was inter-
preted in a sense that was not favourable to the free exer-
cise of our inalienable rights. But we, who daily converse
with numbers who have been deceived by such miscon-
struction, conceive that we ought to inform you, in due
time, that it has alarmed many zealous friends to the gene-
ral cause which the United Colonies are defending with
their lives and fortunes.
As the general opinion of your uprightness depends, in
a great measure, on your explanation of that matter ; and
it being self-evident, that the political happiness or misery
of the people under our government, must be deeply affect-
ed by the measures which they may adopt, in consequence
of such explanation, we trust that you will receive this re-
spectful address with indulgence, and that all our brethren,
in this and the other Colonies in the Union, will do us the
justice to believe, that it was dictated by the purest senti-
ments of unconfined patriotism.
The resolve which contains the obnoxious clause already
mentioned, is, together with the introduction to it, in the
following words, to wit :
" And whereas, doubts have arisen whether the Con-
gress are invested with sufficient power and authority to
deliberate and determine on so important a subject as the
necessity of erecting and constituting a new form of govern-
ment and internal police, to the exclusion of all foreign ju-
risdiction, dominion and control whatever : And whereas,
it appertains, of right, solely to the people of this Colony
to determine the said doubts : Therefore,
" Resolved, That it be recommended to the electors in
the several counties in this Colony, by election in the man-
ner and form prescribed for the election of the present Con-
gress, either to authorize, (in addition to the powers vested
in this Congress,) their present Deputies, or others in the
stead of their present Deputies, or either of them, to take
into consideration the necessity and propriety of instituting
such new government as in and by the said resolution of
the Continental Congress, is described and recommended ;
and if the majority of the counties, by their Deputies in
Provincial Congress, shall be of opinion that such new go-
vernment ought to be instituted and established, then to in-
stitute and establish such a government as they shall deem
best calculated to secure the rights, liberties and happiness
of the good people of this Colony, and continue in force
until a future peace with Great Britain shall render the
same unnecessary."
We can not forbear expressing our astonishment at the
existence of the doubts alluded to, in the introduction just
quoted. But when, in compassion to those weak minds
which gave them birth, you condescended to declare, that
" it appertains solely to the people of this Colony to deter-
mine the said doubts," you have, in the spirit of the re-
commendations of the General Congress, demonstrated to
your constituents, that you will, on all occasions, warn
them to destroy, in its embryo, every scheme which you
may discover to have the least tendency towards promoting
the selfish views of any foreign or domestic oligarchy.
Your enemies never can persuade people of reflection, that
you fully instructed the most ignorant amongst us by such
a positive declaration of our rights, for the purpose of sur-
reptitiously obtaining our renunciation of them. Human
nature, depraved as it is, has not yet, and, we hope, never
will be guilty of so much hypocrisy and treachery.
We observe, on the contrary, that your resolve is per-
fectly consistent with the liberal principle on which it is in-
troduced ; for, after having set forth what relates to the
election of Deputies, you recommend to the electors, " if
the majority of the counties shall be of opinion that such
new government ought to be instituted, then to institute
and establish such a government."
Posterity will behold that resolve as the test of your rec-
titude. It will prove that you have fully restored to us the
exercise of our right, finally to determine on the laws by
which this Colony is to be governed ; a right of which, by
the injustice of the British government, we have, till now,
been deprived. But a forced and most unnatural miscon-
struction, which is artfully put upon your resolve, has de-
ceived many, who really believe that we will not be allow-
ed to approve or reject the new Constitution ; they are ter-
rified at the consequences, although a sincere zeal for the
general cause inspires them to suppress their remonstrances,
lest the common enemy should avail himself of that cir-
cumstance to undermine your authority.
Impressed with a just fear of the consequences which
result from that error, we conceive it would be criminal in
us to continue silent any longer ; and, therefore, we be-
seech you to remove, by a full and timely explanation, the
groundless jealousies which arise from a misconception
of your patriotic resolve.
As to us, who do not entertain the least doubt of the
purity of your intentions, who well know that your wisdom
would not suffer you to aim at obtaining powers, of which
we cannot lawfully divest ourselves, which, if repeatedly
declared by us to have been freely granted, would only
proclaim our insanity, and for that reason be void of them-
selves, we beg leave, as a part of your constituents, to
tender to you that tribute of esteem and respect, to which
you are justly entitled for your zeal in so nobly asserting
the rights which the people at large have to legislation, and
in promoting their free exercise of those rights.
You have most religiously followed the line drawn by
the General Congress of the United Colonies. Their laws,
issued in the style of recommendations, leave inviolate, in
the conventions, the committees, and finally the people at
large, the right of rejection, or ratification. But, though
it be decreed by that august Body, that the punishment of
death shall, in some cases, be inflicted, the people have not
rejected any of their laws, nor even remonstrated against
them. The reason of such general submission is, that the
whole of their proceedings is calculated to promote the
greatest good to be expected from the circumstances, which
occasion their resolves, and scarcely admit the delays at-
tending more solemn forms. The conduct of their consti-
tuents in this instance clearly shows what an unboimded
confidence virtuous rulers may place in the sound judgment,
integrity and moderation of a free people.
Whatever the interested supporters of oligarchy may
assert to the contrary, there is not, perhaps, one man, nor
any set of men upon earth, who, without the special inspi-
ration of the Almighty, could frame a Constitution, which.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
243
in all its parts, would be truly unexceptionable by the ma-
jority of the people for whom it might be intended. And,
should God bless any man, or any set of men, with such
eminent gifts, that man, or those men, having no separate
interest to support in opposition to the general good, would
fairly submit the work to the collective judgment of all the
individuals who might be interested in its operation. These,
it is probable, would, after due examination, unanimously
concur in establishing that Constitution. It would become
their own joint work, as soon as the majority of them should
have freely accepted it ; and, by its having received their
free assent, the only characteristic of the true lawfulness
and legality that can be given to human institutions, it
would be truly binding on the people.
Any other concurrence in the acts of legislation, is illu-
sory and tyrannical ; it proceeds from the selfish principles
of corrupt oligarchy ; and should a system of laws appear,
or even be good, in every other respect, which is scarcely
admissible, yet it would be imperfect. It could be law-
fully binding on none but the legislators themselves, and
must continue in that state of imperfection, which disgra-
ces the best laws, now and then made in governments, es-
tabhshed on oligarchic principles, and deprives them of true
As such is the case with Great Britain herself, it is evi-
dent that her Parliament are so far from having a lawful
claim to our obedience, that they have it not to that of their
own constituents ; that all our former laws have but a re-
lative legality ; and that not one of them is lawfully bind-
ing upon us, though, even now, for the sake of common
conveniency, the operation of most of them be, and ought
to be tolerated, until a new system of government shall
have ■ been freely ratified by the colegislative power of the
people, the sole lawful legislature of this Colony, It would
be an act of despotism to put it in force, by any other
means, which God avert ! The people, it is true, might be
awed, or openly forced to obey ; but they would abhor the
tyranny, and execrate its authors. They would justly think,
that they were no longer bound to submit, than despotism
could be maintained, by the same violent, or artful, means
which would have produced its existence.
But, the free ratification of the people will not be suffi-
cient to render the establishment lawful, unless they exer-
cise in its fulness, an uncontroled power to alter the Con-
stitution, in the same manner that it shall have been re-
ceived. This power necessarily involves that of every dis-
trict, occasionally to renew their deputies to committees
and congresses, when the majority of such district shall
think fit ; and therefore, without the intervention of the
executive, or any other power, foreign to the body of the
respective electors. That right is so essential to our safety,
that we firmly believe you will recommend to all your con-
stituents immediately to exercise it, and never suffer its
being wrested from them ; otherwise, the sensibility of our
Delegates could not allow them to say, that they hold their
offices from the voluntary choice of a free people.
We likewise conceive that this measure will, more ef-
fectually and more speedily than any other, remove disaf-
fected persons from all our councils, and give our public
proceedings a much greater weight than they have hitherto
obtained amongst our neighbours.
We never did, as a body, nor ever will " assume any
authority whatsoever, in the public transactions of the pre-
sent times." Common sense teaches us, that the absur-
dity of the claim would not only destroy our usefulness as
a body of "voluntary associalors, who arc warmly attach-
ed to the cause of liberty ;" but tliat, it would likewise ex-
pose every one of us to deserved derision. At the same
time, we assure your Honourable House, that, on all occa-
sions, we will continue to testify our zeal in supporting the
measures adopted by congresses and committees, in the
prosecution of their grand object, the restoration of human
rights in the United Colonies. And if, at any future time,
the silence of the bodies in power give us reason to con-
ceive that our representations may be useful, we then will
endeavour to discharge our duty with propriety, and rely
on public indulgence for any imperfection which cannot
affect our uprightness.
Signed by order of the committee,
MALCOM McEUEN, Chairman.
Mechanic's Hall, June Hth, 1776.
[Letter from Theodorus V. Wyck, loan officer, that estates are to be
sold for interest due.]
NewYork, the Uth June, 1776.
Sir — By the request of Mr. Theodrs. V. Wyck, loan
officer, who is out of town, I am desired to acquaint you
that to-morrow morning, will be exposed in public adver-
tisement, the houses and lands of such persons who have
not paid their interest money, and many say they have it
not in their power, and if their estates are sold, will be the
ruin of them and their families. You will therefore be
pleased to mention it in Congress, so as that he may know
how to act. And in so doing,
You will oblige, sir.
Your very humble servt.
For Mr. Theods. V. Wyck,
ABRAHM. VAN WYCK, Dept. L. Officer.
To Col. Henry Remsen.
[Samuel Sacket, and others, served in Canada ; they believe they merit
to be provided for.]
New-York, June 13th, 1776.
Gentn. — We, the officers of the 4th regiment, that
served in Canada last winter, beg leave to address you, to
know (as our regiment is disbanded,) if there is any farther
service for us, as our commissions are in force until re-
voked by Congress. We are still willing to serve, and
must say, we think the hardships we have undergone since
we have been in Canada, must be a convincing proof that
we are disposed to exert ourselves to the utmost in defence
of our country.
We would beg the favour of your determination, that if
there is no farther service for us, we may retire to our re-
spective homes.
We are, with due respect, sirs.
Your most obedt. hum. servts.
SAML. SACKET, Capt.
WM. MATTHEWMAN, Lieut.
JAMES DOW, Lieitt.
SAMUEL J. PELL, Lieut.
ISAAC VAN WOERT, Lieut.
[Extract from the minutes of the Albany Committee.]
Albany Committee Chamber, ?
13th June, 1776. J
Mr. Rensselaer made the following motion, and was
seconded.
Whereas our constituents have deemed Abraham C.
Cuyler, Henry Cuyler, Stephen De Lancey, John Monier,
John Duncan, Lieutenant McDonald and Benjamin Hilton,
notoriously disaffected to the measures pursued by tiie
friends to American liberty, and in consequence thereof,
imprisoned them, and instructed us to remove them out of
this county.
As one of their representatives, I move that the said
persons above mentioned, be removed under guard to Hart-
ford, in Connecticut, and that a letter be wrote to his
Hono\ir Governor Trumbull, reqiiesting him to dispose of
them in his Colony, as he shall think proper ; and that the
said persons pay all the expenses winch liavc, or may be
incurred, by reason of their confinement, removal and main*
tcnancc, upon which debates arising, and the question
being put, resolved in the affirmative.
Extract from the minutes.
MAT. VISSCHER, Secy.
\
244 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
[Petition of the inhabitants of the city of Albany.]
Albany 5lh. June, 1776.
To the Honourable sub-committee of the city and county
of Albany.
The petition of the inhabitants of the city of Albany
Humbly Sheweth :
That your petitioners alarmed at the avowed design of a
tyrannizing ministry in carrying into execution, certain op-
pressive acts of Parliament, calculated to deprive us of privi-
leges, dearer to every generous soul, than life itself, and
their formidable preparations for that purpose ; yet we
dread not the force they can send against us, those we can
guard against, but gentlemen, our internal, our bosom ene-
mies, even tliosc who live in society with us, are the ene-
my we dread, and if ever America is conquered, it will
be by their secret wounds.
It is not our intention, gentlemen, to wrest out of your
hands, the power which we have already delegated, but,
on the contrary, to support you in every measure which
you may take for our safety.
Yet your petitioners humbly beg that every person in
this city who is known to be notoriously disaffected to the
measures now pursued by America in her struggles, to sup-
port her freedom, may be laid under such restrictions as
you shall think sufficient to divest them of the power of
doing us that injury, which we think their inclination lead
them to, whenever an opportunity shall offer. And your
petitioners as in duty bound shall ever pray.
By order of the committee.
HENRY J. BOGART, Chairman.
Mat. Visscher, Secry.
[Lieutenant-Col. Joseph Kobinson's commission.]
In Pkovincial Congress, for the Colony of New- York, ?
the 10th day of June, 1776. )
By virtue of the authority reposed in us, we do hereby
nominate, authorize, constitute and appoint you, the said
Joseph Robinson, Lieutenant-Colonel of the first regiment
of militia in Queens county, whereof Jeromus Remsen,
Junr. Esquire, is colonel, hereby requiring you, before
you enter into the exercise of your said oflace, to make in
writing, and subscribe in presence of the chairman of the
committee of the city, town, district, or precinct wherein
you reside, the declaration appointed and directed by the
eleventh section of the seventh resolve contained in the
rules and orders for regulating the militia of the Colony of
New-York, recommended by this Congress on the 22d
day of August 1775, and authorizing you fully to execute
all the powers belonging to your said office, by virtue of
the said rules and orders, and the said declaration : And we
do hereby require all persons under your command, to pay
due obedience to you, according to the said rules and or-
ders, and such further rules and orders as shall be made
and recommended for the militia of this Colony, by the
present, or any future Continental Congress, or Provincial
Congress of this Colony.
By order.
NATHL. WOODHULL, Presidt,
Attest, John McKesson, Secry.
[Letter from John Barnes to Doct. Delavergne.]
Charlotte, 10th June, 1776.
Sir — Be pleased to procure and send me by very first
opportunity, two or three dozen or more of blank commis-
sions, in order that I may be able to fill up the repeated
vacancies which are almost every week necessary in this
precinct mihtia.
I am, sir.
Your very humb. servt.
JOHN BARNES.
To Doct. Delavergne.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Thomas Crcgier to Thomas Randall.]
On board of the schooner General Putnavt, \
Shrewsbury, June 5, 1776. J
Worthy Sir— After my due respects to you and all
friends, I think it a point of my duty to acquaint you that
I sailed from this the next day after the date of my last to
you. I stood to the southward a whole day, with little
wind, and about 4 in the afternoon, it blowing very
hard to the SSW, making a heavy sea, I was obliged to
bear away for this inlet, where I have remained, on account
of the wind blowing at ESE, which occasioned a very high
sea on the bar.
At 8 A. M. we saw a sail to the SE, standing in for the
Hook ; at 10 A. M. concluded with the captain of the
whale boats, being in number 12, to tow me out. The
tide being flood, and little wind, we came to the bar, where
we found a high surf. The captain of the whale boats
concluded their boats could not get over the bar, as the sail
we saw was well in with the land, and at the same time
the large tender near the ship, which we then judged to be
a ship of war. I then thought it proper to come to anchor,
and at the same time I went to view the fleet at Sandy
Hook, where we found the ships of war, viz. the Phcenix,
the Mercury, the Lively, with three other small sliips, a
brig, one schooner, one sloop and four tenders. By the
time I was coming away the above mentioned ship came
to anchor, whicli 1 plainly perceived to be a large frigate
of 36 guns. This intelligence you may depend on.
I am resolved to sail from this the first opportunity.
I am, kind sir.
Your humb. servt.
THOS. CREGIER.
To Thomas Randall, Esqr. Member
of the Honoble. Provincial Congress
New- York.
[Letter from John Watts.]
Mw-York, June 5th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Mr. Benjamin Birdsall, of the committee
for Queens county, Oyster Bay, Long island, hath sent to
inform me by Mr. William Wallace, boatman, that the
boat formerly belonged to me, but now in the hands of
Nathan Gyer, (although not yet paid for by him,) hath been
seized by a party of riflemen, suspecting the said Nathan
had been on board the men of war at the Hook, and she
being threatened to be destroyed, the whole loss, by his
imprudence, will wholly fall upon myself. As I am, and
always hope to remain a steady friend to my country, I
beg the favour of this Honourable House, to advise me
how to proceed to recover my boat. Mr. Birdsall requires
a speedy answer from me, for fear she should be destroyed
before I have your authority to prevent it.
I am, gentlemen, your most obliged.
And most obedt. servt.
JOHN WATTS.
To the Honourable theTrovincial
Congress of New-York.
[Letter from Ezra L'hommedieu at Southold.]
Southold, June 2d, 1776.
Dear Sir — Enclosed you have the nomination of the
field oflacers of this battalion. They are promoted accord-
ing to their rank, and I hope we shall be peaceable respect-
ing our militia. You have also a return of officers for the
fifth company, occasioned by the captain of the company
being nominated a major. The field officers desire you
would send their commissions by first opportunity, (which
likely will be the bearer,) as they want to have a general
training before the busy season comes on. I wrote you
some time ago respecting the collector's office. If any dif-
ficulty should attend appointing that person, no great incon-
venience would attend if it was postponed for the present,
as but few vessels go from here. I conclude you are now
very busy, and are thinking about instituting a new form
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
245
of government for the Colony, a measure which most peo-
ple see the necessity of at present. Should be glad to
hear from you to know how our affairs are at the north-
ward, we have so many accounts here that we know not
what to depend on.
I am your very humb. servt.
EZRA L'HOMMEDIEU.
To General Nathl. Woodhull, New- York.
In Congress, New-York, 1st June, 1776.
Sir — By order of Congress I now enclose some very
important resolutions of this House, which they hope your
committee will execute with all the diligence and punctu-
ality due to a subject so interesting to all the inhabitants of
the Colony.
1 am, sir.
To General Woodhull,
in Provincial Congress, New- York.
[Copy of a letter from Cadwallader Golden, Junr. to the committee
for the county of Ulster, with the citation from said committee for
Mr. Colden's appearance, and their warrant of commitment to the
common jail.]
Hanover Precinct, June 27th, 1776.
Gentn. — On Monday night last, between the hours of
eleven and twelve, a number of armed men surrounded my
house, then raising me out of bed, told me they were sent
by order of the joint committee of Newburg and New-
Windsor,to search my house, which I readily submitted to,
and used the company in every respect with the greatest
good humor and civility. The next morning they told me
that the committee desired me to appear before them the
day following. I told them I should wait on them ; but
they replied they were ordered to keep me in custody till
that time. I then desired I might be kept under guard at
my own house ; that I would maintain and pay the guard.
This was also refused, and I was threatened to be rid upon
a rail, if I would not go otherwise. So I was compelled
to go with a guard out of the party to Mr. Jackson's, of
New-Windsor, where I was confined for twenty-four hours ;
and though Col. Ellison offered to become bail for my ap-
pearance, I was not admitted to go to his house to lodge.
The next day being Saturday, I was carried before the
committee, where, waiting till near sunset, I was called in
by the committee and asked if I would choose to be tried
by the county convention or before that board ? I desired
to know the charge against me, and was answered, nothing
but a grand suspicion of my being inimical to the Ameri-
can cause. I said I had made no secret of my principles
and opinions on these matters, while I thought they might
in the least contribute to ward off these calamities which I
foresaw must attend the public measures then adopted, and
which is now too unhappily come to pass ; that when I
found I could do no good that way, I had entirely avoided
interfering in any shape in public affairs ; and further said,
if there was any charge against me of any kind, I thought
by the rule of the Congress it was to be made to the com-
mittee of the precinct in which I resided, so chose to have
the affair referred to them ; and was answered, that that
would be appealing to a board of no greater authority than
the ir own ; besides, that they had reason to tliink the com-
mittee of Hanover too remiss in their duty and under some
undue influence. I then said I was willing to have a hear-
ing (or trial) before the county committee, and so was dis-
charged upon my parol to appear before your board on no-
tice by letter from the chairman ; and which I now desire
may be as soon as possible ; for since I came home I have
been informed that some of the party who came to my
house in the niglit, the next day went through the neigh-
bourhood and reported that they had found a man in my
house charged with messages and papers from on board
the man of war ; that he had made his escape, and that
they were in pursuit of him ; and that one of their own
body actually personated such a one, who appeared to be
[Vol. II.] 62
flying before the party. As I am daily threatened with
destruction, both to my person and property, and this seems
to be calculated to raise the resentment of some mobs
against me, I think it highly necessary for my safety to
have this matter cleared up to the public ; and as at pre-
sent there is no other way but by a hearing before you, I
do hereby request you will cause this matter and any com-
plaint against me to come before you as soon as may be,
and you will oblige, gentlemen,
Your humble servt.
CADR. COLDEN, Junr.
To the General Committee for the County of Ulster.
In County Committee, ?
New-Paltz, 28th, June, 1776. 5
Ordered, That Cadwallader Colden, Esqr. be notified
to appear at the house of Ann Dubois on Thursday next,
the 4th July, by 10 o'clock in the forenoon, there to answer
the charges that then may appear against him touching his
being an enemy to the American cause.
Ordered, That Cadwallader Colden, Junr. Esqr. be
served with a copy of the above.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr. Chairman.
N. B. The chairman of the county committee is the
same that was the chairman of the joint committees of
Newburgh and New-Windsor, or at least one of that com-
mittee, which I did not know, when I addressed my letter
to their county committee.
CADR. COLDEN, Junr.
(Copy.)
In Committee, for the County of Ulster, )
At the Paltz, the 9th July, 1776. S
To Captn. Johannes A. Hardenbergh —
You are hereby required and commanded on
sight hereof to take Cadwallader Colden, Junr. Esqr. in
your custody, as it appears to this committee that Mr. Col-
den is inimical to the American cause ; and that you, with
a sufficient guard of the men under your command, convey
said Cadwallader Colden, Junr. Esqr. to the common jail
of this county, and that you deliver him to the keeper of
said jail ; and the keeper of said jail is hereby strictly re-
quired and commanded to receive said Cadwallader Col-
den, Junr. Esqr. and him to keep in safe custody at his
own expense, until from thence discharged by the Provin-
cial Congress or this Convention, and for your so doing,
this shall be your sufficient warrant.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr. Chairman.
LLetter from Jacob Blackwell.]
New-York, June mh, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed we send you some resolutions, by which
you will see that it is determined that all the stock in those
parts of your county which lie to the southward of the
ridge of hills on the north side of the plains, except as is
therein excepted, be immediately removed either into Suf-
folk county or to the northward of said ridge of hills. The
matter admits of no delay, as the enemy are at the Hook,
and will in all probability make a push for them immedi-
ately. We would therefore earnestly request you, with
the advice of as many committee men as you can conve-
niently consult upon the occasion, to cause the said resolu-
tions to be carried into immediate execution.
are, sir, with respect,
^ Your very humble servts.
JACOB BLACKWELL.
P. iS. The commanding officer of the militia or the com-
mittee of Queens county, is requested to take effectual
measures, at the public expense, to keep the said stock
within the limits above mentioned.
246
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, (kc.
LCoI. Ed. Hand's lellcr to Genl. Washington.]
PowUs Hook, mh June, 1776.
Sir — Being under the necessity of crossing the ferry
from York to this place, I liad a fellow passenger in the
boat who talked much and very disrespectfully of our
efforts to defend tiie city, particularly ; that the British
troops would land on Long island and march up to York,
destroy the city by bombardment, maugre our opposi-
tion ; that there was no doubt but they would at any time
beat us 14 to 10 ; that their ships would undoubtedly de-
molish our fortifications ; that while we amused the country
by our opposition, the people were famishing. When asked
how, he said for want of salt, for one instance. I could
add more of his impertinence, but think it needless to trou-
ble your Excellency. Three gentlemen who were in the
boat sign this paper as evidences. I send the dehnquent
prisoner for your Excellency's examination.
And am, your hum. servt.
EDWD. HAND, Col. 1st Regt.
Caleb Bruen, Captain of the Artificers ;
Wm. Green, and
Lewis Jones, Sergt. 3d battalion of Yorkers.
[Secretary Harrison's letter to Provincial Congress, respecting the ex-
amination of Samuel Wootten.]
NewYork, June 20, 1776.
Sir — The bearer of this having brought a certain Sa-
muel Wootten to Head-Quarters for having declared and
avowed, as it is said, sentiments inimical to the American
cause, and His Excellency not being here, I have thought
proper to refer him to the examination of your Honourable
Body, as has been customary in such cases. The enclos-
ed letter was sent upon the subject by Colo. Hand.
I have the honour to be.
With great esteem, sir,
Your most obedt. servt.
ROB. H. HARRISON, Secy.
To the Honourable the President of the
Convention for the Colony of New-York.
In PROvrNciAL Congress, ?
Aem-York, June 21st, 1776. S
A letter from General Washington's secretary enclosing
a letter from another person relative to a suspected and
dangerous man, was read.
Ordered, That the said letters be referred to the com-
mittee appointed to carry into execution the resolves of this
House against persons whose characters are equivocal and
dangerous to the liberties of the Colonies.
Extract from the minutes.
ROBT. BENSON, Secy.
[Letter from His Excellency John Hancock, covering appointments.]
Philadelphia, June 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — You will perceive from the enclosed re-
solves, which I do myself the honour of transmitting, in
obedience to the commands of Congress, that they have
appointed not only the field officers in the regiment to be
raised in your Colony, but likewise a number of subalterns.
The reasons that induced Congress to take this step, as it
is a deviation from rule, should be particularly mentioned.
I am therefore directed to inform you, that in consequence
of their being furnished with a list of oflicers who had
served in Canada, they have been enabled to appoint, and
in fact have only appointed such as were originally recom-
mended and appointed by the Provincial Congress of your
Colony, and have served faithfully, both the last summer
campaign and through the winter. It is apprehended, there-
fore, the Congress have only prevented you in their ap-
pointments, and that the same gentlemen would have met
with your approbation for their services to their country.
Added to this, the last intelligence from Canada, shewing
our affairs to be in the most imminent danger, rendered
the utmost despatch necessary, that not a moment's time
might be lost.
The other officers of the battalion I am to request you
will be pleased to appoint, and exert every nerve to equip
the battalion as soon as possible. As an additional encou-
ragement, the Congress have resolved that a bounty of ten
dollars be given every soldier who shall enlist for three
years.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obdt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Hon. Convention of New- York.
Newborough, December 18, 1776.
Sir — Lieut. Lounsbury, and as he tells me, some more
of the captains of the 2d regiment not serving, of conse-
quence there will be some vacancies, and if it could be,
would be glad that I might be appointed a lieutenant. Yet
I leave it with you, and am sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
LEVI DE WITT.
P. S. Notwithstanding the above, I am sensible of the
favour done me by the former appointment as qr. master.
If Lounsbery resigns, would recommend Charles New-
kerk, now lieutenant under Lounsbery as a captain.
[Letter from Gen. George Clinton.]
Pyramus, 7th December, 1776.
Dear Sir — I arrived at the city near Cakiate on
Sunday, where I found Colos. Woodhull, McClaghry,
Hathorn, and Allison's regiments of militia, consisting oif
about 1200 men, exclusive of commissioned oflficers, wait-
ing with the utmost anxiety for orders to move fortvard. I
found that General Heath had marched his division down
to Orange Town, and from thence had proceeded^to Hack-
ensack ; but as I could not learn what reception he had
met with on his arrival there, and could not know but for
want of succour he might fail in his expedition, I thought
it most expedient to proceed thither myself, accompanied
by some of my officers, and a small detachment of hght-
horse. I did so accordingly. I arrived there yesterday
afternoon, and found that the enemy, who were but few in
number, on the General's approach, had precipitately fled,
accompanied by a number of the principal tories, leaving
in town, at the bridge, and on board of vessels in the river,
a large quantity of valuable stores, great part of which
were removed to this place and are on the road hither. Just
before I arrived, a considerable body of the enemy were
discovered by our outscouts to cross from Fort Washing-
ton to this shore in two bodies, a number moving from the
southward towards Toloway bridge, and another party was
seen opposite Hackensack ferry; inconsequence of which
the General had ordered a retreat to this place, to cover the
stores he had sent forward here, and prevent their encircling
him. I thought it prudent, considering the movements of
the enemy and his strength, which consists only of about
600 privates. It was effected in the night.
By the General's advice I have ordered down Colonels
Woodhull and McClaghry's regiments to this place, and
hourly expect them in. I hope the different situation of
our affairs since the issuing of my orders, will justify me in
the opinion of the Honourable the Convention in this small
deviation from them, especially as General Heath cannot
effect any thing without great risk, without this small rein-
forcement. I thought to have disposed of the remaining
regiments under my command, in the manner mentioned in
the enclosed letter to Colo. Allison, which I wrote and in-
tended sending him, but feared it might be considered as
too great a deviation from my orders ; I therefore thought
it best first to transmit it to you, and if it should meet the
approbation of your Honourable House, beg you will for-
ward it by express to him. The reasons why I wish to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
247
have a regiment at Tappan, is not only to protect our
friends there, but if the enenay should advance while we
attack them in front, that regiment might fall on their rear.
The two regiments from the north end of Ulster county are
not yet arrived. I mean to station them near the passes
in the Highlands. The tories who remained in Hacken-
sack were in the utmost consternation on General Heath's
to them unexpected and sudden entry into the town. He
took and sent hither about sixty of them, five regulars, up-
wards of 100 small arms, &c.
I am, with due respect,
Your most obedient servant,
GEO. CLINTON.
I forgot to mention that Colonel Malcom's regiment was
dismissed before I could see him. I have shewn General
Heath your order or request respecting Malcom's and
Thomas's regiments, but have not yet received his orders
respecting the latter. I enclose you a letter from some of
the committee of Orangetown which I received on my way
hither.
To the Hon. President, and gentlemen of
the Congress of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Thomas Moffat at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, December 7, 1776.
Sir — Yesterday, by order of Colo. Nicoll, I went on
board the enemy's flag at Verplanck's Point, and delivered
the letter from the Convention, directed to Messrs. English,
Livingston and Moore, who were all highly pleased with
the favour granted them, and desired me to return their
compliments to the Convention for the polite usage they
had received from that Body. Mr. English would have
wrote them a note of compliments himself, but had unfor-
tunately lost his inkstand.
Mr. English and the other gentlemen expressed a desire
of having another vessel with a flag from here to assist
them down to New-York with their families, as the vessel
on board of which they are is small and much cramped.
If a matter of that kind should be granted, and a capable
person put on board, perhaps some important discovery
might be made at this juncture.
I am, with respect, sir,
Your most obedt. and very humble servt.
THOMAS MOFFAT.
To John McKesson, Esq. at Fishkill.
[Letter from Col. Swartwout, at Fort Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, December 11th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed you have the proceedings of a
court martial in consequence of Peter Harris's deserting
twice and his unbecoming behaviour since his return.
Peter Harris, a soldier of Capt. Neal's company, was
brought here some lime last week by his father-in-law,
Capt. Reynolds, in order to get him clear from punish-
ment. After his father's interceding a great while, I con-
sented he should be brought in and I would give him a
smart reprimand, and all his former crimes should stand
good against him, and should be put on duty every day,
and for the same should receive no pay ; but in case he
should commit any crime, should be tried for old and new.
Now, gentlemen, I send to you, by Lieut. Piatt, said Har-
ris, for you to determine the matter with him as you think
best.
I am, with greatest respect,
Your very humble servant,
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York, at Fishkills.
[Letter from Isaac Nicoll, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, Deer, lltli, 1776.
Dear Sir — I last night received the disagreeable news
of General Lee being taken prisoner; it has come so
straight, that I believe it is beyond a doubt. He was
taken at Basken Ridge last Thursday night. It seems he
lodged three miles in the rear of his army, and a tory of
that place went to the regulars and told them of it and pi-
loted the lighthorse to him, who took him prisoner. The
time is now come that every one who is a friend to his
country ought to stand forth ; and in the situation our
enemy is now, in the Jerseys, I think a fatal stroke may
be struck. Let the people be called from all parts, and in
the name of God cut them off from the face of the earth,
with the damned tories. The secret expedition the Con-
vention has planned, ought in my opinion, to be drove on
with all possible expedition. I think it is likely that Ge-
neral Lee had the last returns from Generals Heath and
Spencer ; if they are found with him, is it not likely that
General Howe will muster what troops he can spare out
of New- York, joined with the tories and Rogers's ran-
gers, and scour this county, take the stores at North Cas-
tle, and perhaps advance to this post ?
I hear the fleet sent to the eastward has landed at New-
port ; the inhabitants capitulated ; about one-third left the
town and two-thirds staid.
I am, in haste.
Your sincere friend and humble servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Philip Bartell, an ensign, requesting leave to resign.]
Claverack, 16th Deer. 1776.
Gentlemen — I beg your liberty to resign my commis-
sion as an ensign in the eighth regiment of militia,
whereof Robert Van Rensselaer, Esqr. is colonel, as I am
very unwell and not able to execute the duty of my ap-
pointment, and you will greatly oblige,
Gentlemen, your very humb. servt.
PHILIP BARTELL.
To the Honourable the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from Francis Livingston.]
December Uih, 1776.
Sir — I received your favour of the 14th, and am now
to thank you for the information and permission I have of
going to New- York. I shall take the first opportunity of
coming down to Fishkills, and imagine I shall be there
with my family on Friday next.
I am, sir,
Your very humble servant,
FRANCIS LIVINGSTON.
To John Williams, Esqr. Chairman of the
Honourable the Convention of New-York, at Fishkills.
[Letter from Henry B. Livingston.]
Fairfield, IGth Deer. 1776.
Sir — I received the honour of yours last night, at this
place, being on my march for Fishkills, in my way to
Fort Constitution, being directed by General Washington,
whenever I thought necessary to quit New-England to re-
pair thither. Whether I shall be excusable should I under-
take any other expedition, I will leave you and others, the
gentlemen of the Convention to determine. On their
opinion I will even risk the loss of my commission, sensi-
ble of the great honour done me in ])ermitting mc a share
in so honourable an expedition. I shall do my endeavours
to be with you on Thursday, or sooner if possible.
1 am, sir, with respect and esteem,
Your most obt. humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
To Matthew Cantine, Esqr. Chnirmnn of
Convention of the Slate of New-York, at Fishkills.
248
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from John Lansing, Junr. declining a commission.]
Saratoga, Novr. 30//i, 1776.
Sir — I find my name on the list of oflicers for llie new
levies as a lieutenant. As it is to you and Mr. Yates I can
only be indebted for this appointment, I beg leave to ten-
der you my best and sincerest acknowledgments for your
kind intervention in my favour, and though I shall decline
accepting the commision, as General Schuyler has been
pleased to honour me with the office of secretary, yet 1
shall ever retain the most grateful sense of this, as well as
the many other obligations you have repeatedly laid me
under.
I have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect, sir,
Your most obedient humble servt.
JOHN LANSING, Junr.
Honourable James Duane, Esqr.
[Letter from John Moore.]
On board the Hope, flag of truce, )
Verplanck's Point, <ith Deer. 1776. \
Dear Sir — Having obtained leave from Lord Howe to
come up with a flag of truce, in order to ask leave for my
family to accompany me to N. York, I was in great hopes
I could have been allowed to wait on the Honourable
Convention on that errand ; but Genl. Heath thinking it
improper I should go forward, must apologize for the trou-
ble of this letter. Being so happy as to be intimately
connected with you by marriage, I must beg the favour of
you, my dear sir, to solicit the Honourable Convention in
behalf of myself and family, that they will be so indul-
gent as to grant my wife liberty to come down with her
child, servants and house furniture. Your humanity, my
dear sir, will plead for me, and I can not but indulge the
hope that the Congress will be favourably pleased to grant
me this request. I take the liberty of mentioning to you,
that Mrs. Lewis (lady of the Honourable Delegate at Phi-
ladelphia,) and Mrs. Smith, (wife of Mr. John Smith,)
were last week permitted to go with their families and ef-
fects, flags of truce having come to demand them. The
State of New-Jersey have also permitted many ladies to
come from thence.
I write this letter, not certainly knowing you to be at
the Convention, and therefore take the liberty of directing
it in case of your absence, to some other gentleman, with
some of whom I have the honour of an intimate acquaint-
ance, and of others I know so much as to depend upon
their humanity.
The connection, (though more distant) between Mr. Jay,
Mr. Duane and Mr. R. Livingston, and my wife's family,
will, exclusive of my own character and the inoflfensive
line of my department, plead in her behalf, and obtain for
me the only portion of happiness which these wretched
times can in their nature afford me. Should the Honoura-
ble Congress grant me this indulgence, I could wish for
leave to go myself to bring my family down. Indeed at
present I know not where they are, whether at my father's
at West Point in the Highlands, or at her father's at
Poughkeepsie. If I can not go myself, I earnestly entreat
the favour of you to send this letter by express to my fa-
ther-in-law, Jas, Livingston, Esqr. Poughkeepsie, en-
closed in a line from yourself, desiring him, should my
wife not be there, instantly to send this letter to her, de-
siring her to come down by land or water with as much of
her efiects as she may be permitted to bring. I am obliged
to repeat my earnest request to be allowed to wait upon
you in my way for my family. I am willing to go in any
way the Congress or General may please, and am ready to
pay the expense of one or more guards to accompany us.
Enclosed are two letters from Mr. Elliot, to his friends
Messrs. Duane and Jay ; to Mr. Duer also he desires
his compliments. I hope that gentleman also and any
others who may be at Congress and who know me, will
solicit this favour for me. I need not say how highly I
shall be obliged, and how much happmess it will alioid a
woman at present very unhappy.
Mr. Ph. I. Livingston is here on the same errand, as is
Mr. Inglis, and we have sent to Genl. Heath a letter in
our favour, from the very worthy Colo. Magaw, who com-
manded at Fort Washington. We hope that letter also
will be laid before you.
I have not time to add, but to beg pardon for this li-
berty, and to assure you that I am very respectfully,
Dear sir, your affecle. and obet. servt.
JOHN MOORE.
To the Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt, &c.
[Letter from Phil. I. Livingston.]
Verplanck's Point, Deer. 9th, 1776.
Dr. Sir — I am thus far in a vessel with a flag of truce,
with an intention of proceeding by land from hence to
the Congress, to ask their permission for removal of my
family to New-York, in any way that may be most agree-
able to them. As General Heath is averse to my going
to Congress without their express permission, allow me to
ask the favour of your interposition and interest with the
Congress, for the removal of my family and their baggage
to New- York. As the season is far advanced, I mu.sl en-
treat your immediate application on their behalf, and that
they may be indulged with a sloop for their removal, as
women and young children will be exposed to great in-
conveniences in travelling so considerable a distance by
land. As many difficulties will attend the removal of my
family without my presence, even if permission is ob-
tained from the Congress, allow me further to entreat
the permission of Congress to pass to them. Any restric-
tions or limitations in my progess towards them, or during
my stay with them, I shall willingly submit to. Besides
I wish once more to see my old friends, as I propose em-
barking for the island of Jamaica as soon as a convenient
opportunity offers, and am therefore desirous (as far as
may be,) of adjusting my late official business. You will
easily conceive of how much importance an allowance to
pass to my family will be to me. I must, however, sub-
mit to the decisions of Congress. I should be glad Mr.
Walter Livingston was acquainted with my intention of
going to Jamaica, as I think he will wish to see me before my
departure, in case I am not permitted to go from hence. Be
pleased to forward the enclosed letter to Mrs. Livingston.
An answer by express, which I shall most willingly de-
fray the expense of, as soon as conveniently may be, will
exceedingly oblige.
Dear sir, your most obt. humb. servt.
PHILIP I. LIVINGSTON.
If the desired permission is obtained, be pleased to fur-
nish Mrs. Livingston with the necessary passports. As
she is unacquainted with my design of going to Jamaica,
I wish it may for some time be concealed from her.
To the Honble. James Duane, John Jay, Robert
R. Livingston, William Duer, and Anthony
Hoffman, Esqr. or either of them.
Albany Committee Chamber, )
~th Deer. 1776. 5
Sir — We were honoured with your resolution of the
30th November ult. respecting the two companies of
rangers, commanded by Captains Baldwin and Bratt, and
in answer thereto have only to inform you that we have
this day served the said captains with a copy of the said
resolutions, and expect they will embark on Tuesday next.
We are, sir, your humble servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the President of the Convention of this State.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
249
[Letter from the Committtee of Albany, relative to the abuse in the
weight of flour, and the estates of persons gone over to the enemy.]
Albany Committee Chamber, }
Novr. 2Sth, 1776. $
Hon. Sir — Frequent representations have been made to
this board, of the abuses committed on flour by the manu-
facturers of it, in this county, and several other parts of
the State, not only in the quality, but in the weight there-
of ; in the latter so much that barrels have been found de-
ficient a hundred weight. This being so intolerable an im-
position on the public, that we are constrained to mention
it to you, and pray that some effectual means may be de-
vised by the Convention to prevent such practices for the
future.
We beg leave with great deference to submit to you,
whether a resolve from your House, declaring that no flour
should be purchased or sold in the State, under a certain
penally, without having the brand of the manufacturer
thereof marked on the barrel, would not in some respect
obviate the abuse.
On the late alarm to the northward, when the militia of
this county were called forth, particularly from the district
of Saratoga, many of the inhabitants from whom a con-
trary line of conduct was expected, deserted, and have
since joined the enemy at Crown Point ; some of them
have left families in the greatest necessity and want ;
others have left estates sufficient to maintain their own
families and more. The poor, we are apprehensive, must
fall a burthen to the district unless provided for by the Con-
vention. It has been agitated in committee whether the
estates of all should not be seized and disposed of, for the
maintenance of the whole indiscriminately. This we also
beg leave to mention to you, that the Convention may act
thereon, as they judge most expedient.
We are, most respectfully, sir,
Your very hum. servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Lettter from Ja. Cuyler.]
Albany, Deer. 9th, 1776.
Dear Sir — Colo. Van Schaick has returned to the com-
mittee of arrangement Mr. Valkenburgh amongst the
number that declined to serve. Mr. Valkenburgh is now
here, and has requested me to write to you, and begs his
name may not be taken off the arrangement, and in the
company he was fixed to ; and that he now has consent
from his parents. I think him a very fine young fellow,
and should be sorry to lose him. He also assures me that
Mr. Samuel Thorn will accept. He has received a letter
from him. Mr. Henry Devandorph, who was given up to
us as indifferent, has, since we were at Saratoga, done some
very extraordinary services. This I have from Colo. Van
Schaick, and 1 believe he will make a good officer ; he is
full of spirit and/pride. I know, and from what I can
learn, he is sorry for the offence he has given some time
ago to one of his field officers.
I am, sir, your most obdt.
JA. CUYLER.
To the Honble. James Duane.
[A letter from Temperance Cook.]
December 9, 1776.
Mr. Plat :
Sir — I received a letter from the doctor, requesting
the favour of Capt. Plat, to use his influence towards pro-
curing him an appointment in one of the four regiments in
our Province, to be raised during the war. He was not
informed who are our present members of Congress, or
he would have wrote on that head to you. The doctor
gives his best regard to Capt. Plat.
From your friend,
TEMPERANCE COOK.
To Capt. Plat, Fishkill.
[Vol. u.] 63
North River, December 8th, 1776.
Sir — The calamities which threatened the city of New-
York induced me to send my family to New-Windsor, last
October was a twelve month ; and when two men of war
went up the North river last summer, I judged it prudent
to remove them back to Goshen, where they have remain-
ed ever since. It were needless to tell you that so long a
separation and absence from their home, must be exceed-
ing painful, and attended with much anxiety and distress,
as well as numberless inconveniences to them and me.
Having obtained a flag of truce from the Right Honour-
able Lord Howe, I have come up as high as Peekskill in
a hired schooner, in order to apply to the Honourable Con-
vention sitting at Fishkill for their leave that my family
may return. My request to you, sir, is that you would
lay my case before the Convention, and obtain their per-
mission and consent that my family may come from
Goshen to New-Windsor, and from thence by water in
some sloop, or other fit vessel, to this place, where I shall
receive them.
I flatter myself that this indulgence will appear, reason-
able in itself to the Convention ; especially as a similar in-
dulgence has been granted at New-York to women whose
husbands are absent. Two recent instances I beg leave
to mention : Mrs. Lewis, wife of the Honourable Francis
Lewis, has got leave from General Howe to go to her
husband, and carry with her such furniture and other arti-
ticles as she chooses ; she is also to be escorted by a mili-
tary gentleman as far as the advanced guards of the King's
troops in New-Jersey. I mention these particulars the
rather, as I myself was not only privy, but aiding to Mrs.
Lewis and her daughter, Mrs. Robertson, in the several
steps that were taken for the above purpose. Mr. John
Smith's wife, of Throg's Point, who lately came to town
with her family upon being sent for by her husband, by a
flag of truce, has obtained General Howe's permission
also to remove with her children, furniture and whatever
else she pleases to take with her, as she herself assured
me. So far as I can learn, women, with their children
and effects, may, if they choose it, go from hence where-
ever they please.
With my family, I sent to New-Windsor a part of my
furniture, beds, linen, books and papers. If the Conven-
tion would be pleased to permit the return of these along
with my family, it would greatly enhance the favour, and
increase my obligation.
It may be proper to inform you that my family at Goshen,
besides Mrs. Inglis, consists of Mrs. Crooke, my mother-
in-law, three children, the oldest not quite three years, the
youngest about three months old, two white servant
women, a nurse, and a white servant boy. Should the
Convention grant them leave to come down, I would beg
that they would also please to give such directions and
orders as they think necessary to prevent any difficulty or
obstruction in their way down. I shall wait here till 1 re-
ceive your answer.
Your laying these particulars before the Convention and
their compliance,
Will greatly oblige, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
CHARLES INGLIS.
To the Honourable James Duane.
P. S. Enclosed is a letter from Col. Magaw, a gentle-
man with whom I had the pleasure to be acquainted
formerly, and whom I attended during a severe fit ot sick-
ness since the surrender of Fort Washington ; he is now
recovering, and I flatter myself past danger. He politely
gave me this letter, wiiich I thought proper to lay before
you.
Fishkill, Dec. 9lh, 1776.
Gentn. — I have not the opportunity of returning you
my thanks for liic honour done me in my appointment, by
250
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
waiting upon your committee ; but take this method to ac-
knowledge tlic favour. At ii)c same time am under the
necessity of informing you tlial it is not in my power to
serve, consistent witli other affairs that interfere, not from
any dishke to the service.
Gentn. — I would presume to recommend Benj. Marvin
as an officer of merit, if any vacancy for an officer of his
rank should offer. He has served as a first lieutenant in
Capt. Griffin's company the two last campaigns, one of
which I was with him and well acquainted with his con-
duct.
I am, gentn. your humble servt.
JOHN HULBERT.
To the Committee of Arrangement.
rTlie resignation of Col. Grenell. and recommendation of Capt. Nathl.
Piatt.]
Fishkill, December 9lh, 1776.
Mr. Hobart desired me at Fairfield to inform Mr. Duane
or Mr. Duer, that he had taken the liberty to open a letter
from the committee of arrangement, appointing John
Grenell as captain ; who he said was at Providence, and
he was so confident Mr. Grenell would decline (as he re-
signed a company of artillery) that he begged the com-
mission might not be kept vacant, and he begged to recom-
mend Capt. Nalhl. Plait, who served in Colo. Smith's
regiment as an excellent officer.
NATHL. HAZARD.
Fishkill, December 9lh, 1776.
Sir — John McDonald has reported the state he finds
the lead mines, in the Great Nine Partners. In his further
exploring said mines, on which tlie committee appointed to
superintend that business have resolved not to prosecute
the exploring of the said mines any further at present, and
accordingly have settled with Mr. McDonald. We must
desire you to take charge of the leaden ore dug from said
mines, until it shall be determined what to do with it.
McDonald handed to the committee your account for
superintending at said mine, and as the account is without
your signature, thereby prevents our being able to pass it.
We trust you will not impute this to any want in us of
serving you in our turn. As all our accounts must be so
vouched as to stand fair with the public, on receiving it pro-
perly vouched with your signature we will endeavour to
get it allowed, and pay it to you or your order.
We are, with respect, sir, your very humble servant,
By order of the committee.
MAT. ADGATE, Chairman.
To Ezra Thomson, Esq.
Rhynbeeck, December 7th, 1776.
Sin — I send by the bearer hereof, three pair cotton
stockings, three pair plain thread, two pair thread ribbed
and four pair shoes. You will let Mr. Gouverneur Morris
have the refusal of them. If you or Mr. McKesson wants
a pair of shoes and stockings you can have them from my
house. You have the price and first cost underneath. I
have been these four days about the woods looking for the
salt, they have been so much frightened they don't know
where the salt is sent.
Sir, I remain your friend to serve,
ABM. P. LOTT.
*. d. s. d.
3 pair cotton stockings, 31 8 .... New- York, 42 3
3 do thread, plane 26 0 ... . do .... 34 8
2 do do ribbed, 28 4.... do ,..,379
4 pair shoes, English, 26 8 35 6
A^. B. If Mr. Morris don't lake them, you will sell them
and receive the money.
To Robert Benson, Esq.
[Letter from Robert Provost, Paymaster, requesting an appointment.]
Fishkill, 7th December, 1776.
Gentlemen — As there is a new arrangement lately been
made to form four new regiments for the defence of the
Province of New-York, which is to have a paymaster to
each regiment ; and my being neglected in liie return made
by the colonel, unknown to me, has been the occasion of
my not applying, gentlemen, before.
I pray, gentlemen, that I may be again appointed to one
of the new regiments. I have been in the service since
last April, and was then quarter-master, and in July was
appointed by His Excellency General Washington, pay-
master to the 3d regiment commanded by Col. Ritzema,
and expected to have continued, until I was informed two
days ago that I should apply to this Convention for tlie
office, I have lost my all in Newark by the enemy, and
have a large family to support, likewise an aged father and
mother who rely upon me for subsistence. I beg, gentle-
men, that you will be pleased to consider my situation and
grant me an appointment.
1 am, gentlemen, with respect,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
ROBT. PROVOST, Junr.
To the Hon. gentlemen of the Committee of Safety.
[Letter from Mr. Elliot requesting permission for his son in-law to re-
turn to New-Vork.]
New-York, 6th December, 1776.
Mr. Elliot presents his compliments to Mr. Duane, and
will be much obliged to him could he procure liberty for
his son-in-law, Mr. James Jauncey, Junior, his wife and
servants, to return to New-York. 'I'hey are at present at
Middletown, in Connecticut,
To James Ddane, Esq.
[Gen. Sullivan's order 1o Daniel Coe, Esq. Chairman of the Committee
of Cakiate.J
Cakiate, December 6, 1776.
Sir — I beg that you will assemble the militia of the dis-
trict of Cakiate, with their arms, accoutrements, blankets,
and three days' provisions, and order them to join Gen.
Lee, at Morris Town, as soon as possible.
From your humble servant,
JNO. SULLIVAN, Major-Gen.
To Daniel Coe, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Cakiate,
[Letter from Daniel Coe, Chairman of Cakiate Committee.]
Cakiate, December 6th, 1776,
Sir — We thought it our indispensable duty to inform
the Convention that last evening we received the enclosed
requisition from General Sullivan. It is not in our power,
consistent with the safety of the inhabitants or the public
service, to comply with his request ; and we flatter our-
selves that had the General been properly acquainted with
the true state of the country, he would not have issued this
order. The whole militia of our precinct consists of but
two hundred and eighty men, one-third of which are dis-
affected to the cause. Most of the militia are unarmed
and now employed in the service of the public, either as
guards to the shore, or wagoners or labourers on the public
roads. Besides this, we are in great distress from the ex-
posed state of the country, which now lies open to the ra-
vages of the enemy from Hackensack and Fort Lee,
Therefore, we are so far from being able to afford General
Lee any assistance, that we most earnestly request the
Convention to send us assistance from the upper parts of
the country, or we must, from our weak and exposed state,
in all probability soon fall a sacrifice to the enemy. We
beg you would lay this request before the Honourable
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
251
Convention and entreat their immediate advice and aid.
An ansvi^er by the bearer will much oblige
Your humble servant.
By order of the committee.
DANIEL COE, Chairman.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
Fishkill, 6th December, 1776.
Sir — The committee for exploring lead mines, &c. have
this day had your letter of the 16th November, 1776, be-
fore them, it being the first time they have met since it
was received. On your report therein, I am directed to
inform you that it is the will of the committee you should
proceed no further in exploring the lead mine in the Great
Nine Partners, on the bargain made with you by said com-
mittee on the 16th day of October last, until their further
order ; and that you do repair to Fishkill, bringing a cer-
tificate from Ezra Thomson, Esqr. of the length, width
and depth of the pit you have sunk on said bargain.
Signed by order of committee. .
MAT. ADGATE, Chairman.
P. S. The committee desire you to procure Mr. Thom-
son's account against them for inspecting said mine, for
settlement.
To Joh:j McDonald, Miner.
[Letter from Henry Schenck.]
Fishkill Landing, Deer. 6, 1776.
Having occasion to come to this place, where I found a
qnantity of Continental stores, such as tar, tents, &c. which
are a wasting to a great degree ; the dock afloat with the
tar, the tents on a heap, in the weather, wet, &c., conse-
quently a rotting. I would recommend the appointment
of some person living at this place, to take charge of all
stores, &c. at this place, with an allowance for his trou-
ble.
I am confident the States would find their account in it.
J would recommend Petrus Bogardus, as a good, careful
person.
I am, sir, with great esteem.
Your very humbl. servt.
HENRY SCHENCK.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler to Lt. Col. M. Lewis.]
Saratoga, Deer. 6th, 1776.
Sir — Yours of the 2d instant, I did not receive until
this day.
If the Committee agrees to let Lady Johnson go down,
I am sure I have no objections ; but no person can be per-
mitted to go to New-York without a pass from the Gene-
ral commanding the American troops in Westchester coun-
ty. Her Ladyship should therefore go to Fishkill, and
from thence send for the necessary passport. No ill treat-
ment I may have received can induce me to forget the
laws of decorum and humanity. You will, therefore, if
Lady Johnson chooses to be attended by an officer, apply
in my name, to Colonel Gansevoort for one. On your
part, you will see that she is properly accommodated for
her passage. I am, sir.
Your most humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Col. Lewis, D. Q. M. General, &c.
[Letter from General Schuyler.]
Saratoga, December 6th, 1776.
Sir — Your favour without date, covering certain reso-
lutions of the Committee of Safely of the 30lh ult. I re-
ceived this day. It gives mc great pleasure to find that
my worthy friend. General George Clinton, is engaged in
so necessary a work as that of obstructing the navigation
of Hudson's river. My ideas on the subject I have alrea-
dy done myself the honour to convey to you in a letter of
the instant.
Permit me to assure the Convention, that every assist-
ance in my power shall be most cheerfully afforded on
this, as on every other occasion.
If the stoves are not already sent to Albany, I wish
measures to be taken to expedite them to that place. I
am, sir, with great respect and esteem.
Your most obedt. hble. servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
V. President, &c.
[Letter from Jno. Coe and others, to Genl. Geo. Clinton.]
December the 9th, 1776.
Dear Sir — We are somewhat doubtful whether you
have received any true state of the condition we are in,
and how distressed many of our neighbours are ; there-
fore, we beg leave to inform you, that the King's troops,
our cruel and merciless enemies, have, last Saturday,
been in Orange Town, have taken some prisoners and
robbed others. The English troops and the tories make
great havoc ; the latter insult and abuse the whigs in a
manner not to be borne with. Part of the militia of Ber-
gen county are now taking up arms against us, and unless
we soon get assistance, the southern part of Orange coun-
ty will be laid waste.
We beg you would consider how hard it is for the men
to be taken away, their effects destroyed, and the women
and children suffering. This is now the case, and will
continue, unless we have assistance, or unless the men
will agree to take up arms against their country.
Pray lay our case before the General who commands
where you are, and endeavour to get relief for us under
our present situation. If a body of men should be sent,
we hope nothing shall be wanting on our part to drive the
enemy out of our neighbourhood.
We are, sir, your most obedt.
And very humble servts.
JOHN COE,
JOHN SMITH,
THEORUS POLHEMUS,
JOHANNIS VANDERBIELT,
JOHN COLEMAN,
JDERICK VANDERBILT.
To Brigadier-Genl. Geo. Clinton.
at or near Peekskill.
[A letter from Mr. Yates, recommending room to be left for the officers
of Tryon company, should Gen. Schuyler recommend them.]
Claverack, Dec. 6th, 1776.
Gent. — I enclose you a letter from Col. Van Schaick,
together with a list of such of his officers as decline the ser-
vice. If you can possibly form a committee, I would re-
commend the filling up the vacancies. Mr. Cuyler, who
is now with me, informs me that he has left the papers in
the hands of Mr. Harper.
I have not yet received an answer from Gen. Schuyler
respecting the Tryon county company. I submit it to your
consideration whether room ought not to be left for the offi-
cers of that company, in case the General should recom-
mend them.
I am, gentlemen, with esteem,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
ROBT. YATES.
[Capt. McKean and Lieut. French, recommended l)y Gen. Schuyler.]
Saratoga, Dec. 6th, 1776.
Dear Sir — Your favour of the 28lh nil. was delivered
me an hour ago. Capt. McKean an d Lieut. Frencii I be-
262
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
lieve to be good officers, and would wish their continuance
in the service ; tlie other two, I can say nothing about, as
I do not know them.
I thank you for informing me that the committee will be
so good as to send me a copy of the arrangement as soon
as it is completed.
I am very apprehensive that much evil will arise if a
government is not soon established for this State. The
longer it is delayed, the more difficult it will be to bring
the unprincipled and licentious to a proper sense of their
duty, and we have too many such amongst us.
I am, dear sir, wiih great respect and esteem.
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Robert Yates, Esqr. Chairman of
committee of arrangement.
[Recommendation of Mr. Deniston, by Gen. Jas. Clinton.]
December, 6th, 1776.
Capt. Gregg has applied to me for a recommendation in
favour of George Deniston, who served this campaign a
sergeant in Capt. Jackson's company, in my regiment ; he
wants him for an ensign in his company, and I think he is
deserving of the same, as he is a good scholar and has be-
haved himself well since he engaged in the service.
JAMES CLINTON, Br. Gen.
To the gentlemen of the Congress
of this State.
[A letter from Murray, Simpson & Co.]
Philadelphia, Ath December, 1776.
Dear Sir — Mr. Lindley informs me that he had left
the goods in your care, with orders to dispose of some part
of them ; but as times now seem exceedingly precarious, we
"would not wish to have any Continental on hand, therefore
desire that you will not dispose of any of the goods until
you hear further from us. If you have sold any of them,
please to lay out the money in wheat, or flour or staves,
but by no means keep any on our account.
In haste, your real friends.
MURRAY, SIMPSON & CO.
[A letter from Jacob Watson.]
New-York, 12th Mo. 4th, 1776.
Respected Friend — When I last wrote thee, I request-
ed thee not to sell my salt in thy hands, as I intended to have
purchased pork in your county to barrel ; but as I expect
it is an article which will be much wanted, I am willing
thee should dispose of it for pork, flaxseed or good firkin
butter. If it is already sold, please to lay the money
out for flaxseed at the current price going. If I could be
favoured with a line without giving any umbrage, would
much oblige,
Thv respectful friend,
JACOB WATSON.
[Governor Tryon's billet to the Rev. Dr. Inglis.]
New-York, 4th December, 1776.
Governor Tryon presents his compliments to the Rev.
Doct. Inglis ; will be obliged to him, if he will take charge
of a packet for Mr. Wm. Smith, and forward it by the
most public opportunity that may offer, while on his own
business under the flag of truce ; also the last newspaper
herewith enclosed.
[Letter from John Roorback in favour of John Visscher.]
.Albany, December 4, 1776.
These wait you with my sincere regards ; and after in-
forming you of my good health, which blessing I hope you
enjoy, may serve to beg the favour of you to let me know
for what reason my step-son John Visscher was passed by
in the new appointment ; and to beg the favour of you (if
there is any remedy left,) to have him appointed, "as you
know his military ability and zeal to the cause, his numer-
ous family, &cc.
You will be pleased to remember that he is an old offi-
cer, having acted as captain in two campaigns last war.
In this he raised a company, and was the first that march-
ed from this county with a company to the northward,
where his behaviour was such as to merit the esteem of
the late worthy (ieneral Montgomery, who took him along
(where none of the field officers of his regiment were ever
present,) to Canada, where he was alongside that brave
General when he was slain, and he endured the fatigue of
the winter campaign, and was the last man who left Canada
in the shameful retreat. He has been honoured with a
colonel's commission by the Honourable John Hancock,
upon the recommendations of several Generals who saw
his behaviour and conduct.
Now to be neglected, and boys, when he was a man in
service, put over his head, chagrins him much, and I think is
a discouragement to officers to behave well, and conse-
quently a hurt to the cause in general.
Your laying these matters in their proper place, and
using your interest in his behalf, for the reasons first above
mentioned, will lay under the greatest obligations not only
him, but
Sir, your humble servant,
J. ROORBACK.
To Robert Yates, Esq.
[Letter from Peter R. Livingston, Esq.]
Manor Livingston, December 4, 1776.
Dear Sir — Am extremely obliged to you for your kind
favours. I am just returned from New-Haven, and have
occasion to send the bearer hereof down to Commissary
Trumbull, and have ordered him to call on you to inquire
where he may hear of him, whether at Peekskili or North
Castle, and you will direct him ; and on his return to let
me know where our army is, and what force the enemy
has this side of King's Bridge. I shall set out the day
after this express returns, as it relates entirely to public
business.
Am, sir, with regard to all the gentlemen.
Your very humble servant,
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
Tf Robert Benson, Esq.
[A letter from W. Malcom.]
Camp Niack, Dec. 4th, 1776. '
Dear Sir — I had the honour to write you by Lieut.
Bowen yesterday, concerning the bounty for the men. I
hope ere this he is on his way homeward therewith. The
choicest of the men continne with me ; are exceeding hear-
ty and in high spirits. I would increase their number ve-
ry speedily if there was occasion ; but neither the duty
nor time of service would justify my putting either this State
or the Continent to that expense.
When 1 marched from Haverstraw on Monday, Capt.
Stewait's men refused to follow the regiment, and insisted
that their time of enlistment was expired. I though tit
prudent to disarm what of them I could send, viz : five out
of eight, the whole complement. Capt. Stewart appeared
yesterday from Convention, where he had been to settle his
accounts, and in way picked up his men at Haverstraw ;
tells me he had instructions to continue with the regiment
while in service ; but as it would answer no purpose to
keep them here, were they even good men, and as their
behaviour has been so indifferent, that the soldiers object
to stand in the ranks with them. I have advised Stewart
to proceed to Fishkills, and take further orders from the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
253
Convention. Willi respect to him, I have considered him
as a sober, discreet man, and J beheve a brave soldier, and
I dare say might have distinguished himself, if his bad
state of health had not prevented his attending his duty
through the campaign. I have had repeated evidences of
his attachment to the freedom and independence of Ameri-
ca, and honour of her arms.
As these fellows have chosen the alternative of forfeiting
their pay rather than do duty, (the residue after their regi-
ment debts are paid,) shall be at the disposal of the Hon.
Convention to reimburse their bounty and lost arms, un-
less they think proper to take another heat at making them
soldiers. I hope to have the pleasure of seeing you before
I leave this part of the world ; at least of having a few
lines from you.
Being with much respect.
Your Honours' most obdt.
And much obliged servt.
W. MALCOM.
[A letter from Ezra Thompson, Esqr.]
December 3d, 1776.
Sir — According to your orders of the first of December,
1776, I have measured the work done by McDonald and
his workmen, since his last agreement with you and commit-
tee, appointed to explore mines in this State, viz. He
sunk from the west to the east five feet depth, and extend-
ed the same 24 feet in length, and three feet in breadth.
He also hath sunk from northeast to the southeast 1 1 feet
in depth, and extended the same 2^ feet in length, and 12
feet in breadth.
The above different measures is as exact as I could
make. He Hkewise has drawn a report, the truth of which,
as far as I could understand, may be depended on.
Sir, I remain your very hum. servt.
EZRA THOMPSON.
By agreement, McDonald was to dig 108 cubic feet for
£10. He has dug 690 cubic feet, which at the rate of £10
for 108, amounts to £63 17s. 9d.
[Letter from Jacob Watson, at New- York. 1
New-York, 12th mo. ith, 1776.
Respected Friend —
When T last wrote thee, I requested thee not
sell my salt and molasses which I sent to thy care, but
now, as I expect these articles will be much wanted in
your neighbourhood, please to dispose of them at the
going price, and lay the money out in flaxseed, pork, or
good fiikin butter. The first I should prefer. I hope they
will get it at 4s. per bushel. There is no purchasers here
at any price. If any is already sold, please to lay the
money out in these articles.
A line from thee would much oblige
Thy respectful friend,
JACOB WATSON.
To Daniel Birdsali., Mercht. at Peekskill.
[Genl. Schuyler's Letter.]
Saratoga, December 2d, 1776.
Sir — ^Your favour of the 28th ult. covering the resolu-
tions of the Committee of Safety, and draft of part of Hud-
son's river, I had the honour to receive this afternoon.
I am much obliged by the favourable opinion the Com-
mittee of Safety is pleased to entertain of me. I wisli I
could be in sentiment with them, and be convinced that I
was equal to the business they wish me to undertake. It is
truly important, and will claim more attention than it will
be possible for me to bestow on it, without neglecting a
variety of other matters, that are also indispensably neces-
sary to be attended to. I will nevertheless most cheerful-
ly give the utmost of my assistance.
[Vol. ii.] 64
As the Committee has not pointed out any particular
mode of executing the work, I take the liberty to suggest
my ideas on the subject.
Experience has taught us, that a chain sufficiently long
to reach across the river ought to have better supporters
than floating logs ; perhaps cassoons from thirty to forty
feet square, according to the depth of the water where they
are to be sunken might answer the end. At the place in
question the river is about six hundred feet wide ; if there-
fore twenty-five such cassoons were sunk at nearly equal
distances, the intermediate space between each would be
about two hundred feet. The tops of the cassoons might
come up to within two feet of the surface of the water at
ebb tide, and the chain run through them at about six feet
below the upper part of the cassoon ; but as the chain
might not be sufficiently strong to withstand the great
force of a ship coming against it under sail, and with the
tide, a number of floats, each composed of six large pine
logs, of fifty feet long might be made, the logs fastened to
each other with strong chains eight or ten feet long, with
an eye bolt at each end through the log, forelocked and
keyed ; the two extremes of those six logs to be fastened
by a chain to two of the cassoons. These thus fastened
and let go with the tide of ebb, will form the two sides of
a triangle ; the angular point of which will be about one
hundred and twenty feet from the line of cassoons, and
there they should be kept by anchors. If a ship should
come against these logs, the anchor will probably drag,
may prevent the logs from breaking, and deaden the ship's
way so much that the chain will not break. It is evident
that I suppose we shall have batteries on the island, and
the western shore, to prevent the enemy from laying along
side of the cassoons, in order to cut the chain. One cas-
soon might be so constructed as to serve for a battery in
barbet, and the guns being so near the surface of the wa-
ter would make it extremely dangerous for a ship to come
within reach of them. The greatest danger and difficulty
we have to dread in sinking cassoons, is from large rocks
in the bottom of the river ; but that may also be overcome.
I can not, at present think of a better plan, and if the
Committee approve of it, no time should be lost in procur-
ing the timber which must be got in the vicinity of Fish-
kill, as the season is so far advanced that what might be
got here can not be carried down until the winter breaks
up. If the timber cannot be procured below, I should
wish to be advised of it immediately, that I might employ
people about Albany, not only to prepare the timber, but to
frame it, so as that the cassoons may be expeditiously sunk
in the spring. About two thousand pieces of thirty feet
long, and not less than ten by twelve inches square, and
five hundred pieces of fifty feet long, twelve inches square
will be wanted, and about ten thousand inch and a half
plank.
I hope in fourteen days from this to do myself the plea-
sure to pay my respects to Convention on my way to Phi-
ladelphia.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedt. hble. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr. Chairman, &c.
[Letter from General Heath.]
Peekskill, Deer. 6th, 1776.
Sir — I have just received intelligence by letter from
General Spencer, that on the 4lh instant, about sunset,
seventy sail of ships of war and transports, with many
troops on board, sailed down the Sound towards New-
England with a fair wind.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem,
Your most obedient iiumble servt.
W. HEATH.
Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
254
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Robt. Yates in favour of Barent J. Ten Eyck.]
Clavtrack, December 19lh, 1776.
Dear Sir — The bearer hereof, Capl. Barent Ten Eyck,
is on his way to Fishkill, in order to soHcit the interest of
the comnniltee of arrangement to be appointed a captain on
the present establishment. In the year 1775 he was one
of the first captains in the second regiment. At the close
of that year he was continued a captain by General Mont-
gomery in Canada. At Laprairie he behaved with remark-
able spirit, activity and experience, particularly in bringing
up and directing the cannon against Genl. Carlton's at-
tempt to land at that place. During tiie last campaign he
has acted as lieutenant-colonel to the drafts of militia out of
the counties of Albany, Tryon and Charlotte. His cou-
rage and experience can not be doubted ; but I must leave
it to the consideration of the committee whether these qua-
lifications will counterbalance the exceptions which you
know have been made against him. Considering the ex-
tensive influence of his family and friends in the county of
Albany, I could wish htm gratified in his request, particu-
larly as he possesses two essential requisites of a soldier,
and his failings, with proper admonitions, might probably
be cured.
I beg leave to recommend to you Jeremiah C. Muller
for an ensigncy in Col. Van Schaick's battalion. He is a
young gentlemen of this place, and has acted as first lieu-
tenant in a minute company. He has never been in actual
service, but I believe will make a good officer.
A few days ago I had the misfortune, in walking through
some brush, to be poisoned by touching some wild sumac,
and my hands are in such a situation that it is with the ut-
most difficulty I have been able to write this letter. I
should be extremely happy if you would at times favour
me with a few lines upon such occurrences as you may
judge worthy of notice.
And I remain, with the greatest respect.
Your most obt. hum. servt.
ROBT. YATES.
To the Honble. James Duane, and the other
members of the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from General Heath.]
Paramus, Deer. 19th, 1776.
Sir — I have just received a line from a gentleman, (Mr.
Robt. Morris,) in which he acquaints me that a person in
New-York who has an opportunity of being acquainted
with the motions of the enemy, had advised a friend to
move her effects from Fishkill to some place of safety.
Mr. Morris acquaints me in his letter that he is not at
liberty to mention names, but makes no doubt that such
message was sent, and that the person sending might be
acquainted with their motives ; that this was done before
my leaving of Peekskill. I do not give much credit to
the report, but think that every hint of this kind should
make us watchful. I have been fortunate at Hackensack ;
have taken four or five prisoners of war, besides a number
of disaffected persons. These I am sending to Fishkill,
as I cannot find any place of safety for them on this side.
We have also taken upwards of 80 muskets and secured
about 150 barrels of flour, a quantity of rum, wine and
hay, which was going to New-York. It is said that part
of those articles belong to our friends ; but that property
should be sent into the hands of our enemies for safety,
seems to be a paradox.
The enemy the last night advanced to Aquackanock
bridge, where they halted. General Leslie's brigade,
which a few days since marched from Elizabeth Town to
the southward, has received orders to march back imme-
diately. They entered Newark on yesterday morning, I
suppose in consequence of our moving this way. It was
some of his troops most probably that advanced to Aquack-
anock the last night. I shall carefully watch their motions,
and if possible, give them a blow. I consider the passes
of the Highlands of so much consequence that I shall keep
a watchful eye on those on this side. It is reported here
that two ships have lately sailed up the river ; we expect
this day to know the truth of it.
I am, with respect and esteem,
Your humble servt.
W. HEATH.
President of the Honourable Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman, at Harlem.]
Head-Quarters, Harlem Heights, lit Oct. 1776.
Dear Sir — I have only to acquaint you that a frigate
came through Hell Gate last night, and anchored within the
mouth of Harlem river, a little below Harlem town. This
looks more and more like an attempt upon that side. As
we have got our front well secured we are bestowing all
our attention to our flank next the Sound. Mr. Jennifer
arrived here an hour ago : he left Genl, Lee in Georgia
the first of last month ; he would set out for this on
the 3d, and as he intended to ride post we look for him
every day. His arrival will greatly relieve our worthy
General who has too much for any mortal upon his hands.
I have nought to add, but that I am sincerely,
Yr. most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
Capt. Cook has not yet given his answer respecting
sinking of the ships.
To William Duer, Esq.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman at Head-Quarters, Harlem Heights.]
Head-Quarters, Harlem Heights, 9th Oct. 1776.
Gentn. — About 8 o'clock this morning the Roebuck
and Phcenix of 44 guns each and a frigate about 20 guns,
got under way from about Bloomingdale where they have
been laying some time, and stood on with an easy south-
erly breeze towards our chevaux-de-frise, which we hoped
would have given them some interruption while our bat-
teries played upon them ; but to our surprise and mor-
tification they all ran through without the least difficulty,
and without receiving any apparent damage from our forts
which kept playing on them from both sides of the river.
How far they entered up I do not know, but His Excel-
lency thought fit to give you the earliest information, that
you may put General Clinton on his guard at the High-
lands, for they may have troops concealed on board with
intent to surprise those forts. If you have any stores on
the water side you had better have them removed or
secured in time ; boards especially, for which we shall be
put to great straights if the com.munication above should
be cut off. The enemy have made no move on the land
side.
I am, gent, your most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
Be pleased to forward this intelligence up the river and
to Albany. The two new ships are put in near Colo. Phi-
lips's. A party of artillery with 2 twelve pounders and 100
riflemen are sent up to endeavour to secure them.
Honble Committee of Correspondence, State of N. York.
[Letter from Delegates in Congress at Philadelphia.]
Deer, m, 1776.
Gent. — We received Mr, McKesson's letter, dated the
25lh Novr. We have, according to your request, applied to
Congress for leave to our State to raise another battalion,
to be commanded by Colo. Duboys, which is agreed to,
and a resolve to that purpose is enclosed for employing five
aid-majors, at the expense of our State. Blank commis-
sions for both the battalions and aid-majors are herewith
sent. There are 45 blanks, a few more than the number
wanted to serve, in case some might be spoiled in filling
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
255
up. The accounts of the officers of the five battalions are
with you to settle. The Congress does not interfere with
the new arrangement in the rank of officers appointed by
the several States.
General Washington is at Trenton with his army ; Gcnl.
Cornwallis at Brunswick. The city has been in great con-
fusion for some days ; their consternation was great from
an apprehension that the enemy would march on to this
place, but they have now in a great measure recovered
their spirits, and are marching out in considerable num-
bers to join Genl. Washington, and in a few days our army
will be strong enough to face the enemy. We have no ac-
counts where our iroops, under Genl. Lee, are at present,
but are in hopes, if they are on their march, as is said,
that Cornwallis will not proceed any farther this way too
speedily. If he delays a very few days longer there is
nothing to fear from him.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servts.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
ERA. LEWIS,
WM. FLOYD.
To the Convention of the State
of New- York.
[Letter from Saml. Tuder.]
Poughkeepsie, December 9th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Mr. Ivers having declined doing any more
for the ships, and your orders being to fit them for sea by
spring, would inform you that after the rigging we have
spared, shall fall considerably short to fit the ships out, we
shall therefore be under the necessity to get some person
to relay what rigging may be wanted out of the old rigging
on board the brig Pollv, Capt. Redfield, for which purpose
would recommend the bearer, Mr. Degrushe, who we think
very capable. Mr. Ivers being willing to serve the cause,
will either sell his tools he has here, or let them on rea-
sonable terms. Capt. Anthy. Rutgers can give you Mr.
Degrushe's character, as a rope maker. As the season is
so favourable we should be glad of your answer by first
opportunity, that Mr. Degrushe may go to work, if you ap-
prove of him. We expect the stuff for the gun carriages
soon, and as we must have the dimensions of the guns be-
fore the carriages can be made, should be glad to know
where the guns are, and whether it would not be prudent
to send a person to take measure of them. There will be
wanted a number of stores to fit the ships for sea. Would
submit it to your Honourable House whether it would not
be prudent to appoint Capt. Anthony Rutgers to assist in
providing them. Agreeable to your desire, we have ap-
pointed Mr. Stephen Hendricks, of this place, to take care
of the stores. Should be glad you would let us know
whether we shall agree with him, or you stipulate his wages
to go to the yard once a day.
I am, with great esteem, gentlemen.
Your very lible. servt.
SAML. TUDER.
To the Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention of the State of
New-York at FishkiU.
[Colo. Duboys' recommendation for officers.]
Deer, nth, 1776.
Captain James Stewart, Jacobus S. Bruyn, Jacob Morris,
Aid Major Levi Paulding.
2d captain, Jacobus Rosekrans ; Jst lieutenant, Henry
Dogge, for Lieut. Colo. Duboys' regiment.
2d lieutenant, Samuel English, Ensign Coe, for Wil-
liam I. Smith, Junr. regiment.
Ensign, Edwor Weaver, for Colo. Swarthout's regi-
ment.
Capt. Brinton Pain for Colo. Graham's regiment.
1st lieutenant, Henry Vanderburgh, for Lieut. Colo. Du-
boys' regiment.
2d lieutenant, James Betts ; ensign, Thomas Lewis, for
Lieut. Colo. Graham's regiment.
Capt. Amos Hutchingson, for Ritzema's regiment.
1st lieutenant. Patten Jackson, do
2d lieutenant, Jeremiah Clark, ensign do
Ensign, Henry Vanderburgh, for Colo. Swarthout's re-
giment.
Capt. Henry Godwin, for Colo, Swarthout's regiment.
1st lieutenant, Thomas Brinkle, for Lieut. Duboys' re-
giment.
Ensign, Nathaniel Burchens, for Duboys' regiment.
Paymaster, Tunes Toppen.
Captain, Philip Duboys.
1st lieutenant, John Burnet.
2d lieutenant, Ebenezer Mott.
Ensign Jacobus Sleght, sergeant to Col. Harap.
Surgeon, John Coats.
Adjutant, Henry Duboys.
Quartermaster, John M. Claghry.
Capt. Thomas Lee.
1st lieutenant, Henry Polling, 2d Lieut. Hamp.
2d lieutenant, Samuel Dogge, 2d Heutenant in Clinton's.
Ensign, Archibald Thomson, sergeant Hamp.
LEWIS DUBOYS, Colo.
[Letter from Brigr- General James Clinton at Fort Montgomery.]
Fort Montgomery, Decemr. 11th, 1776.
Yours of the 8th, I received by Mr. Leonard, desiring
me to send up a parcel of stoves and sheet iron to Albany,
for the use of the troops at Ticonderoga. The last of them
was brought down here from the furnace yesterday, and
with some difficulty I have engaged a sloop to bring them
to Albany, if they can possibly get up that far, on ac-
count of the season ; she will go off to night or to-morrow
morning,
I have but a small garrison here at present, consisting
of five companies of my legiment, (except the artillery,)
and many of them without shoes and other necessary
clothes ; they have received no pay since the first of Au-
gust last, and if they had money, there is no clothing nor
shoes to be purchased here ; the chief of Captain Swart-
woui's company insist that their times were out the first of
this instant, and their officers acknowledge it to be so ;
five of his company went off this morning without leave,
almost barefooted. I have sent a party after them, but if
they are taken they will be of no service here, and many
more of them without shoes and some other necessaries;
which, if they were provided with, I believe they would
serve a while longer contentedly, if not, in my opinion it
would be better to discharge them. I wish there could be
some shoes and stockings sent here for the men, the value
of them should be stopped out of their wages.
My situation is not very agreeable here at present, as I
can not get business to go on to my mind, on account of
the new arrangement and the enlisting of men ; for the
officers that are appointed, are enlisting as fast as they can,
and those that are left out is not so forward as I could wish
on the account of it. But without shoes and some clothing
we will not be able to keep up our guards and get firewood,
and do the other necessary duty of a garrison. 1 thuik it
would be best that the chain was taken away from here
before the river freezes, and brought to some safe place.
1 have this day ordered the five sloops and rafts up in the
Poplopen creek for fear of the ice; and all the iron chains,
&.C. belonging to them I will have carted up and put in
store.
Capt Israel Smith tells me he has no ensign in his com-
I pany as yet, and he is desirous to have Isaac A. Rosa,
I
256
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
who is at present an ensign in Capt. Jackson's company,
appointed in his. Mr. Smith applies to me to recommend
him to Congress. I believe he is a good young fellow, and
will make a good officer, but Mr. Smith is rather better
acquainted with him than I am, and if he had not a good
opinion of him, I believe he would not be desirous of hav
ing him appointed ; they both belonged to one company
before. Excuse haste and incorrectness.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servant.
JAMES CLINTON, Br. Genl.
[Letter from Ebcn. Hazard.]
Carpenter's Ferry, FUhkill, Deer. 16th, 1776
Sir — I fully intended, while in the town of Fishkill, to
let the Convention know I had received credible informa-
tion, that the records of the city of New-York were buried
near King's Bridge, but as I was in a hurry to set out on
my journey to Philadelphia, it escaped my memory. I am
not very certain who was my informant, but I think it was
Col. Palfrey, the paymaster-general, and as nearly as I
can recollect, he told me the records were deposited in Col
Cortlandt's family vault, and that he received the hint of
it from Mrs. Corllandt, who happened inadvertently to
mention it to him. Perhaps Convention may have been in-
formed of this before, but as I do not know this to be the
case, I think it incumbent upon me to let them know it
now, that proper measures may be taken to secure those
authentic documents, which may be of great service in a
future day.
I am, sir, yr. most obedt. humb. servt.
EBEN. HAZARD.
[Letter from John Coe, Orange county,]
New- Hempstead, Orange county, Dec. 16th, 1776.
To the Honourable Council of Safety for the State of
New- York.
Whereas the commissioners appointed for the county
of Orange, to secure the perishable effects of those that
are gone to the enemy, has not as yet acted, by reason of
their being so near the enemy, and as it were within their
lines, and as it appears now not so difficult, as our district
committee is about removing the families of those persons
that are gone to the[enemy, and their moveable effects will
then be lost or taken away by such persons as have no right,
I have thought it my duty now to act as one of the com-
missioners, as formerly appointed by the Convention of
this State, and the difficulty that now arises is, Thunis
Cooper must attend the Council of Safety, and the Assem-
bly of this State, so that he cannot act ; if you think pro-
per, please to appoint another person with me, and we
shall endeavour to act agreeable to your direction. As the
former resolve you sent me is lost in removing my papers,
please to send the resolve how we are to act.
I am yours to serve.
JOHN COE.
N. B. I would recommend Col. Gilbert Cooper.
[Letter from Capt. Ben. Walker, requesting subalterns and clothing.]
Fishkill, December mh, 1776.
Gentlemen — You were pleased some time in Novem-
ber, to honour me with the command of a company in the
4th New-York regiment. The gentleman who was ap-
pointed my first lieutenant, thought proper to resign ; my
second lieutenant, for particular reasons, is not allowed to
serve ; and an ensign was not appointed. Thus have I
been without any assistance, and myself sick most part of
the time, notwithstanding which, I have made shift to en-
list near thirty men, upwards of twenty of whom are now
here, suffering. I am now laid up with a violent fever, at
Dr. Graham's, and cannot walk alone.
I hope, gentlemen, this representation of my case, will
induce you to be quick in appointing me some assistance,
that I may get my men in the barracks and clothed.
I am, gent, with great respect.
Your very obedt. hum. servt.
BEN. WALKER,
Capt. 4th N. Y. Regt.
Colo. WiLUAM DzwER, Chairman
of the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Capt. John Johnson.]
Morrislovm, Dec. 16, 1776.
Honoured Sir — I am on my way to Philadelphia ;
which place I am in hopes to arrive at in three days, and
to return to Peekskill as soon as possible. You was so
good as to desire me to write to you where you might find
me, and that the Congress was disposed to do something
handsome for me, as paymaster to a regiment, or some
such office. Pray, keep it open for me if nothing better
offers. Mr. Dewer offered to write to General Mifflin, to
appoint me an assistant quarter-master. I should be glad
to serve so, as it could be done with honour. There is
your old servant that served with approbation as commis-
sary at N. York, I mean Richard Norwood, would serve
as paymaster to a regiment ; think he is a fit person ; he
is well known by Comfort Sands.
I cim, dear sir.
Your friend and servt.
JOHN JOHNSON.
To Robert Harper, Esqr.
P. S. This day, I drank a glass of wine with General
McDougall, at Mr. John Van Cortlandt's, near this place.
He expressed a hearty sorrow that I left the service. It
is too true that General Lee is taken — so much for tories.
[Sergt. Phillip Hoombeek recommended by Albert Pauling.]
Fort Constitution, Dec. 15, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Philip Hoombeek, sergeant in Capt. Kort-
right's company, my father's regiment, being desirous to
continue in the service, provided he may be provided for
in your regiment. I think him a worthy man, and to my
certain knowledge, has faithfully discharged his duty in
the capacity he served in. I mentioned his name to Ge-
neral Clinton, and informed him of his inclination, who
desired me to write to you in order to procure him an ap-
pointment, (which I should be glad you would do,) of
either a lieutenancy or ensign.
I have nothing new, only I am now on my way thus
far to the Jersey's ; therefore, conclude with ray kind re-
spects to you, and
Remain yours, &c.
ALBERT PAULING.
To Col. Lewis Dttbots, at Fishkills.
[Letter from M. Johnson.]
Fishkill Landing, Dec. 15th, 1776.
Sir — I enclose a pass from the committee at Albany,
and beg the favour of one to proceed with Capt. Man, to
New- York.
M. JOHNSON.
To the Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Judith Bruce.]
Fishkill Landing, Dec. 15, 1776.
Sir — I enclose you a pass from the committee at Alba-
ny, and beg the favour of one to proceed to New- York,
with Capt. Man.
JUDITH BRUCE.
To the Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
257
[Capt. Rutger's recommendations of Lieutenant Bicker and Ensign
Bicker.]
Fishkill, December loth, 1776.
Gentlemen — I beg leave to recommend to your parti-
cular attention, Lieutenant Cornelius Bicker. He is a
very active young man, and well disciplined ; has served
this campaign, and is now in service as a lieutenant of
Captain Lyon's company in the first New- York regiment
of Continental troops, in General McDougall's brigade.
I also beg leave to recommend Henry Bicker, Junr. as
an ensign ; he is a very active young fellow, well used to
firearms, though he has never been in service.
1 am respectfully, gentlemen,
Your humble servant,
ANTHO. RUTGERS.
To the Honourable James Duane, and John
Jay, Esqr. and to Robert Yates, Wm.
DuER, Charles De Witt, Robert Har-
per, Jacob Cuvler and Lewis Graham,
Esqrs. Committee for arranging battalions.
Head Quarters, )
Bucks County, 15th December, 1776. J
Gentlemen — I was last night honoured with yours of
the 11th inst. enclosing sundry resolutions of your Board.
I have also to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of
the 23d November, which should not have remained so
long unanswered, had not the continued motion of our army
for some time past put it out of my power to sit regularly
down to business ; indeed I have now so much on my hands
and such a choice of difficulties, that I hardly know which
first to attend to. I know you have had your difiiculties
too, indeed more than any other State, and you therefore
have my thanks, not only for the complete arrangement of
your officers for the four battalions allotted to your share,
but for your determination to raise a fifth, to be commanded
by Colonel Duboys.
As the office of aid-major has been hitherto unknown in
the Continental service, perhaps by introducing it among
your regiments, umbrage might be given to the others, if
they were not likewise provided with an officer of the same
kind ; and therefore, to avoid disputes, I could wish the
matter might be waived.
Major Sheldon, who commands the Connecticut horse,
will return in a few days ; he will either take the troop
with him from Fishkill, or post them where they are more
wanted.
I thank you for the great confidence you are pleased to
repose in me, and you may be assured, that whatever mili-
tary powers are intrusted to me, shall ever be exerted, first,
to establish, and then protect, the civil.
I come now to answer yours of the 11th. When I or-
dered down General Heath from his post at the Highlands,
it was done in consequence of a determination of a council
of general officers, who agreed that we had no other means
of stopping the progress of General Howe, who was evi-
dently making a grand push to make himself master of
Philadelphia.
The advantages of keeping possession of the posts in
the Highlands were not unattended to ; we considered that
the enemy had thrown the main body of their army over
into Jersey ; that they were about to make a considerable
embarkation (which has since turned out to be against New-
England,) and that it would take most, if not the remainder
of their army to keep up the garrisons of New-York, &c.
and that therefore, they had not a sufficient force left to
attempt the strong posts at the Highlands, though only
guarded by Genl. George CHnton, with the forces of the
State of New-York.
Gen. Howe easily forced our small army to retreat before
him to the Delaware, but not finding boats to transport his
troops, (we having had time and precaution to secure and
destroy them,) he seems by his late motions to be moving
back towards Brunswick for winter quarters, or intending
a feint.
[Vol. II.] 65
Upon this change of measures, I have immediately or-
dered Genl. Heath to return to Peekskill, with Genl. Par-
son's brigade. If he finds any of the enemy's posts at
Hackensack or elsewhere weakly guarded, he is to endea-
vour to beat them up.
As the enlistment of the greatest part of the Continental
army expires on the first of January, every State must
exert itself in forwarding the new enlistments, and procur-
ing temporary supplies of militia till the new levies can be
brought into the field.
I have the honour to subscribe myself,
Gentlemen, your most obt. servant,
GO. WASHINGTON.
Honble. Convention of New- York.
[Gen. Geo. Clinton and Col. Swartwout's recommendation of Lieut.
Lawrence.]
Fort Constitution, Hth December, 1776.
Dear Sir — When I was at Convention yesterday, old
Mr. Lawrence applied to me to recommend his son (a lieu-
tenant in Colonel Swartwout's regiment in my brigade,) to
your committee, in which case he said you would appoint
him an officer in the new army. I was surprised at his
application, as I had recommended him for a lieutenancy
in a former letter to your committee. I did not choose to
give him a second recommendation, lest I might have been
mistaken in his character, and did not know but you might
know more of him than I did ; I thought it therefore best
to refuse until I could see his colonel and inform myself
more fully about him, which I have this day had an op-
portunity of doing. His colonel tells me (on his honour)
that he believes him to be brave ; that though he has been
a wild young lad in times past, this campaign he has been
attentive to duty, and sober ; and that he will, in his opi-
nion, make a good first lieutenant, which is the office he
now bears ; indeed, he says he has had the charge of the
company the most of this campaign and has executed it
well. This is the colonel's character and opinion of him,
and I place confidence in the colonel. I am thus far on
my march. Several of the militia regiments are already
at the place of rendezvous near Cakiate, and I must hurry
on to join them, to prevent discontent, as they are without
covering, provision and ammunition.
I am, your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To James Du.ine, Esqr.
[Letter from Anthony Rutgers, recommending Cornelius Bicker to be
provided for in the new arrangement of the army.]
Fishkill, December 14, 1776.
Sir — I take the liberty to recommend Lieut. Cornelius
Bicker to be provided for in the new arrangement of the
army. I know him to be sober, active and well disciplined.
He has served this past summer in Captain Lyons' com-
pany of the first New-York regiment of Continental forces,
and is now in service with that regiment in General Mc-
Dougall's brigade.
1 am with great respect, sir,
Your very humble servant,
ANTHO. RUTGERS.
To James Duane, Esqr.
[Letter from Mrs. Ann Leake, requesting permission to go to New-
York.]
Peekskill, 14th December, 1776.
The favour I would ask of the Honourable the Conven-
tion, is, that I may be permitted with my daughter, ser-
vants and effijcts to remove on board the flag, and go to
New- York, with the families that have got leave to go
(Messrs. Inglis, Moore and Livingston,) and that if the
favour is granted mc, my hoiscs, carriages and coachman
268
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
may be permitted to go by land, as it is most likely there
won't be room on board ihe vessel for them.
I am, gentlemen, with respect.
Your most obedient humble servant,
ANN LEAKE.
P. S. If the gentlemen who has obtained the flag should
object to our going in it, will we be permitted to get a boat?
To the Honourable the Convention.
Instructions to the officers appointed to recruit in New-
York, for the service of the United States of America.
The Honourable Continental Congress having recon-
sidered the resolution of the IGlhof September last, for
raising eighty-eight battalions to serve during the present
war with Great-Britain ; and being of opinion that the
readiness of the inhabitants of the States, to enter into the
service for limited times, in defence of their invaluable pri-
vileges, on all former occasions, gives good ground to hope
that the same zeal for the public good will appear in fu-
ture, when necessity calls for their assistance ; and the un-
certain length of time which forces raised during the con-
tinuance of the war may be compelled to serve, may pre-
vent many from enlislng, who would otherwise readily
manifest their attachment to the common cause by engag-
ing for a limited time ; have therefore, on the 7lh instant,
resolved to admit into their service non-commissioned offi-
cers and soldiers for the space of three years.
The encouragement you are to offer is so great, as will,
it is hoped, give you a choice of men and ensure you suc-
cess, to wit, a bounty of ten dollars in money to every non-
commissioned officer and soldier already enlisted for three
years, and who has received the Continental bounty of ten
dollars, and to every other recruit a bounty of twenty dol-
lars, and also to each a suit of clothes yearly, to consist for
the present year of two linen hunting shirts, two pair of
hose, two pair of overalls, a leathern or woollen waistcoat
with sleeves, one pair of breeches, one hat or leathern cap,
and two pair of shoes ; amounting in the whole to the
value of twenty dollars more.
But each non-commissioned officer or soldier, who shall
procure those articles for himself, and produce to the pay-
master of the regiment, a certificate thereof from the cap-
tain of the company to which he shall belong, shall be en
tilled to receive the twenty dollars in money ; besides
which, every non-commissioned officer and soldier, who
shall enlist during the war, is to receive at the end of the
war one hundred acres of land, as a further encouragement.
2dly. You are to be careful to enlist none but healthy
able-bodied mem, who shall engage to serve in the army of
the United States of America during the present war, or
for the term of three years, unless sooner discharged by
Congress.
3dly. You are required to provide two distinct enlisting
rolls, one to be subscribed by such who shall enlist during
the continuance of the war, and the other by such as shall
enlist for three years if their services shall so long be re-
quired.
4thly. You shall take the age, size, complexion, colour
of hair and eyes, and natural or accidental mark of every
recruit, with an account of the place of his birth and occu-
pation.
5thly. You shall embrace all opportunities to have the
recruits drilled and disciplined, and for that purpose you
shall despatch them without delay, to such station or place
of rendezvous, as shall be appointed for that purpose.
6th]y. To every recruit at the time of enlistment, you
shall administer the oath prescribed by the articles of war,
published by the Continental Congress.
7thly. You shall appoint four active and capable recruit-
ing sergeants to assist you, in this service.
8thly. If you shall reenlist for the war or for three years,
any non-commissioned officer or soldier, who is at present
in actual service for a shorter time, you arc to give in his
name and description to the captain, to whose company he
shall then belong, who is to take particular charge of him,
that he be delivered over to his proper officer at the end of
the service, for which he may so be preengaged, or sooner
if required.
9thly. You are to have your men mustered by the com-
missary of musters, the first opportunity after enlistment,
in order that they may receive their full bounty, five dol-
lars of which only you shall pay to each recruit, as an en-
couragement, at the time of enlistment.
lOthly. For this purpose you shall receive from the trea-
sury of the Slate of New-York, the necessary sums, of
the expenditure of which you shall keep a regular account
and transmit it to the treasurer at Fishkill.
After the articles of war are read to the non-commission-
ed officer or soldier, enlisted by the enlisting officer or
the commanding officer, of the troop or company, the fol-
lowing oath (or affirmation, if the recruit is conscientious-
ly scrupulous) shall be administered to him before the next
justice of the peace, or chief magistrate of any city, or
town corporate, not being an officer of the army ; or where
recourse can not be had to a magistrate, before the judge-
advocate.
" I swear or affirm (as the case may be) to be true to
the United Slates of America, and to serve them honestly
and faithfully against all their enemies or opposers what-
soever ; and lo observe and obey the orders of the Conti-
nental Congress and the orders of the general, and officers
set over me by them."
By order of the committee of arrangement,
ROBT. HARPUR, Chairman P. T.
To Beinton Payne, Esq. Captain.
In Committee of Arrangement, \
FUhkill, December Mlh, 1776. J
Resolved, That Brinton Payne, Esq. be, and he is here-
by appointed a captain in the regiment commanded by
Colonel Duboys.
Extract from the minutes,
ROBT. HARPUR, Chairman. P. T.
[Letter from Jacob Cuyler, in favour of Barent J. TenEyck.]
Albany, December \Ath, 1776.
Dear Sir — The bearer hereof is Mr. Barent J. Ten
Eyck, who has, in a very serious manner, applied to me
why he was not on the last arrangement of officers for the
Stale of New-York. I candidly told him that his charac-
ter and conduct during the last campaign, was of such a
nature as that he could not, with propriety, be appointed
as an officer, and that he had been too frequent drunk, and
was too apt to pursue such a scandalous practice. He
frankly acknowledged it was, in a great measure, too true,
but begged of me to mention his name to some of my friends
of the committee of arrangement, and has made me all
the promises to live a reformed life, and that he will accept
of a company which, I believe, he will soon be able to fill.
He certainly is brave and a very strict officer, and is re-
markable to keep his men in the best order. His connec-
tions are great, and very well attached to the American
cause. From those motives T am chiefly induced to com-
ply with Mr. Ten Eyck's request to write to you upon the
subject, and leave it to the consideration of the committee.
Colonels Hasen and Livingston, who served in Canada,
under the late General Montgomery, have directions from
Congress to raise each a regiment in any of the States, and
to appoint such officers as they may judge proper, who are
now in this city, and its neighborhood, recruiting, which
much deters the filling of Van Schaack's and Gansevoort's
regiments. I am sorry the regulars continue their march
uninterrupted. Indeed it surprises me not, after I had seen
Mr. Sands's letter ; but I must confess I had not expected
that Jersey would have behaved so cowardly. Are those
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
259
the people who cried aloud for independency ? Why don't
they now support it ? I have nothing new from this quarter.
I ana, sir, with the greatest respect,
Your most obdt. and very humble servt.
JACOB CUYLER.
To Wm. Duer, Esqr.
[Letter from General Heath.]
Paramus, December 19th, 1776.
Sir — Since I wrote you in the morning, I have received
despatches from His Excellency General Washington, in
which he is pleased to signify his pleasure, that I should
return to my former post at Peekskill, (after having at-
tempted what I have been so happy as to effect already,)
there to exert my utmost endeavours to secure the post,
cover the country, and curb the insolent. I shall return
very soon ; nothing will retard me, but the making another
attempt where I think there is a prospect of success, and
to secure my stores, &;c. The enemy, by His Excel-
lency's letters, are about to return towards Brunswick,
and the vicinity of that place.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem,
Your most humble servt.
W. HEATH.
Honourable President of the Honourable
Convention of the State of New- York.
I A letter from Mr. McKesson, recommending Alexander McArthur and
John J. Myers.]
Fishkill, December Uth, 1776.
Gentlemen — At the request of Capt. Stewart, fre-
quently repeated, and through his solicitation mentioned to
me- this evening by Colonel IN icholson, I take the liberty
to inform you, that I have known Alexander McArthur
from his infancy. That from many circumstances, too
tedious for a letter, I know him to be a young man of the
strictest integrity, and who has a high sense of honour.
He was taught parade discipline by Colo. Ritzema, in the
first company which he trained in the city, and devoted
himself to a military life, in one way and another, since
that time. He is not deficient as a penman, and has fre-
quently been employed by Colo. Malcolm in that way,
while in his late regiment.
I beg leave, gentlemen, to recommend to your notice
Mr. John J. Myers, a young gentleman who spent several
years in my office. His ardent desire for a commission in
the service would have been gratified in the year 1775, by
an appointment in Colo. McDougal's regiment, if his pa-
rents would then have consented. He was a lieutenant in
the company of militia trained by Major Alner. He has
served this campaign as lieutenant of Capt. Henry Bra-
sher's company, in Colo. Malcolm's regiment, in which he
had a good character. He is stout and active, and has had
the charge of that company since Capt. Brasher left the
regiment. Near a year of his time, prior to this campaign,
was devoted to the business of guards, detachments of mi-
litia on various occasions, working at fortifications, &c.
In my humble opinion a second lieutenancy at least
would be well bestowed on him.
I have the honour to be.
With great respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servant,
JOHN McKESSON.
To the Honourable James Duane and John Jay,
and to Colo. John De Witt, William Duer,
Robert Harper and Lewis Graham, Es-
quires, and the other members for arranging
the Continental battalions raising in the State
of New- York.
[Letter from Col. John Hathorn, on public service.]
Tapan, December 23, 1776.
Sm — This informs you, that yesterday early in the eve-
ning we received information from one Mr. Cristee, whose
character we found to be good, that there were six compa-
nies of regulars, and three of late enlisted tories, at the
New Bridge ; this news Cristee had from one of his neigh-
bour's sons, who, by the persuasions of his parents, had
enlisted, had marched with them yesterday from Bergen,
and is disposed to desert.
A counsel of war was immediately called ; and as there
are three roads centre at Tapan, above the main body of
our men, who lay many miles scattered, it was judged best
to embody and march to the north of said roads, place se-
veral sentries, and order scouts, which was soon done.
We have heard nothing from the enemy this morning ;
shall be glad if our conduct is approved of, and are ready
with great cheerfulness to comply with future orders.
I am, sir, your most obedient servt.
JOHN HATHORN, CoL
To Brigadier-Genl. George Clinton,
at Ramapough.
N. B. We are now sending out our morning scouts, and
determine, if possible, to know the situation of the enemy
to-day.
I am informed by the person who brought the letter, that
the scouts could not go out for want of provision.
[Letter from John Schenk, in relation to an account for preparing fiie
sloops and fire scows.]
In Committee, )
Poughkeepsie, Decemr. 19, 1776. J
Gentlemen — We send in an account by Mr. Elias Van
Bunscoten, being for preparing fire sloops and fire scows,
ordered made by His Excellency General Washington.
As we imagine this account may be annexed to the other
account of building fire rafts, by your body, we have sent
this in, and desiring you will be pleased to pay the same
to the bearer.
I am, gentlemen, with respect,
Your very humble servant,
JOHN SCHENK, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Thomas, Junr. and others, in behalf of the inhabi-
tants of the county of Westchester, praying for relief]
Westchester county, 23d December, 1776.
We, the subscribers, inhabitants of the county of West-
chester, and members of the general committee for said
county, do, for ourselves and our suffering brethren, beg
leave to lay before the Honourable Convention the dis-
tressed situation they at present are in, praying that the
Convention will take this important matter into their im-
mediate consideration, and grant the good inhabitants of
said county such relief as they, in their wisdom, may think
expedient, and the necessity of the case require.
First. That the inhabitants of said county are in conti-
nual danger of being made prisoners, and their farms and
habitations plundered by Robert Rogers's party, (consisting
of about seven hundred men,) who daily make excursions
in divers parts of said county, and taking with them, by
force of arms, many of its good inhabitants, also their stock,
grain, and every thing else that falls in their way, laying
waste and destroying all that they can not take with them,
whereby the friends to this State, who reside in this quar-
ter, are deprived of the necessaries of life.
Secondly. That we did apply to Col. Budd, desiring him
to raise the militia for our relief ; who replied, that as most
of the well affected and able part of the militia were in the
service, it was impossible for him to raise such a number
of men as the nature of our request required.
Thirdly. That although there were two brigades quar-
tered in said coimty, they did not (although not unacquaint-
ed with our distress) afford us any relief or assistance ;
and that we did apply to General Spencer, (then stationed
near the White Plains,) praying him to assist us ; but we
260
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
never received any answer to our request. He in a few days
after removed from that place to North Castle church,
leaving us entirely exposed to the ravages and cruelties of
the enemy ; and that we are well informed, on General
Spencer's being asked why he retreated so far back, he re-
plied, that he thought us not worth defending. And Gene-
ral Wooster, who is now stationed at the Sawpitts, in the
eastern part of the county, affords us no assistance, and we
have been informed, that some of his officers should have
said that they would not defend this State, and that if the
enemy should make their appearance, they would retreat
to the borders of Connecticut, and there make a stand.
We would further inform your Honourable House, that
many of the eastern troops, while in our county, instead
of protecting its inhabitants from the enemy, did plunder
and distress them more than the very enemy themselves ;
taking off with them our stock, household furniture, and
even our farming utensils. From this alone, gentlemen, it
must clearly appear to you that we cannot expect any re-
lief from that quarter.
From the above relation of facts, and many other cir-
cumstances that you are not unacquainted with, we make
no doubt will induce you (without delay) to give us such
relief as our much distressed county now loudly calls for.
We rely upon you, gentlemen, for assistance. Our lives,
and every thing that is dear and near to us, depend upon
you for their preservation.
JOHN THOMAS, Junr. Chairman Com.
WM. MILLER, D. Chairman.
JOSEPH YOUNGS,
PETER VAN TESSETT,
FRED. JAY.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Hester De Witt, with report of committee thereon, &c.]
Fishkill Lands- Deer 22d, 1776.
Gentlemen — The distressful situation of my husband,
now a prisoner with the enemy in the city of New-York,
suffering and starving for the want of the necessary assis-
tance I am capable of affording him, drives me to the ne-
cessity of troubling your Honours with these few hnes,
praying you will please to take in your consideration to al-
low me the privilege of going to him with my children,
and what little I have with me. My circumstances at pre-
sent plead strongly in my favour to be with him. Your
granting me the above request, will be the means of assist-
ing a distressed friend to his country, who is suffering in
the common cause, and, to the utmost, oblige.
Your humble servant,
HESTER DEWITT.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
Yoirr committee, to whom was referred the petition of
Hester Dewitt and Jane Howard, do report :
That your committee are of opinion that the said Hester
Dewitt be permitted to go to her husband in New-York,
with her children, carrying no provisions, nor goods of any
kind, other than necessary for housekeeping ; and that the
said Jane Howard be permitted to go to New- York with
the two children mentioned in her petition, carrying no
goods nor provisions ; they paying their own expense of
transportation.
[Letter from Wm. Dobhs.]
Peekskill, December 23rd, 1776.
This is to certify to the gentlemen of the Honourable
Convention that at the evacuation of King's Bridge, and
the soldiers were all gone into Fort Independence, there
lay there a pettiauger unrigged, which I took and caused
to be rigged, and brought her past His Majesty's ships to
this place, which craft I have since repaired ; and yesterday
I was called upon by one Boyd, and he demanded of me
the receipt for her. I told him I would give him no re-
ceipt, but that I would write to the Convention concerning
the craft ; and I hope the Honourable House will grant
me said craft as ray own property, as I have since under-
stood that she then did belong to one Merit, who has since
gone to the regulars. The gentlemen of the Convention
well know the losses that I have met with by the King's
ships. I have lost the greater part of four pilot boats,
which I would not at that time have taken £600 for, and
1 have never received the restitution of one farthing for
them ; and I shall rest the whole under your considera-
tion.
So I remain, gentlemen,
Your most humble servt.
WILLM. DOBBS.
To the Honourable Convention of the State
of New- York.
[Letter from General George Clinton.]
Ramapough, 23d December, 1776.
In my last I mentioned the difficulty the militia under
my command in this quarter laboured under for want of a
commissary to supply them with provisions. Whole regi-
ments have been days without any, except such scanty sup-
plies as they have been able to purchase from the inhabi-
tants. Most of the regiments are out this day. I was in
hopes they might be furnished at the post near Sydman's
Bridge. General Heath (from the stores he told me were
there) induced me to believe so ; but to my great disap-
pointment 1 am now informed that the commissary at that
place says he has not more meat in store or purchased
than will be sufficient for the two regiments of Tyler and
Huntington, who are to leave this in a day or two. He
says he can not issue any to us, as his appointment is con-
fined to Parson's brigade. I have wrote twice to Colo.
Hays on the subject, representing the difficulties we la-
boured under, and acquainting him that Convention ex-
pected he would, as a commissary of their appointment,
supply us. I sent the last letter by express to him yes-
terday, but he has never favoured me with an answer. The
militia think they are ill used, and I am sorry to say that
in my opinion they have great reason to complain. They
declare they will go home and leave me ; many have al-
ready gone ; nor can I expect but that the rest will be as
good as their word. Indeed they must desert or starve ;
and however well disposed, they will not submit to the
latter. The consequences may be fatal to the country. I
am not to blame. I have done every thing in my power.
I have no further influence over them ; nor can I, after not
being able to perform my promises to them in the letter by
which I called them out, (and which contained no more
than was fully warranted by the resolve of Convention,)
ever think of commanding them. It would be cruel as
well as unjust to force them back to starve, nor shall I
have strength enough to do it.
This moment your letter of the 21st, with the enclo-
sures, were delivered me. General Heath marched yes-
terday for Peekskill, where he is with his division and
all his field pieces before this time. General Lincoln, from
Massachusetts Bay, is at Danbury, or soon expected there,
on his way to Peekskill, with 6,000 men. The state of
the enemy's army on this side is as follows : Leslie's bri-
gade is at and near Aquackanock and Newark, 300, with
three field pieces at Hackensack ; six companies of regu-
lars and three of Buskerk's, at the New Bridge, arrived
there yesterday evening. The enclosed letter from Colo.
Hathorn and a party I had out as far as Paramus, con-
firm this account, though I am not certain but the 300 at
Hackensack is a part of Leslie's brigade ; by to-morrow,
if I am not mistaken, my numbers will not be equal to the
enemy's at Hackensack and the Bridge.
I observe by the resolves now sent me, two of my
colonels and other officers are put under the direction of
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261
a secret committee of your Honourable House. In justice
to myself I beg leave to mention I must consider this as a
suspension of my command, at least as far as it respects the
regiment and companies they command. As they can not
be subject to my orders, I can not be answerable for the
conduct of the brigade.
I am, with due respect,
Your most obedt. and humb. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honourable Abraham Ten Broeck, President
of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Samuel Tuder.]
Poughkeepsie, December 23d, 1776.
Gentlemen — As we are informed you have a quantity
of tar at Fishkill Landing, and we are much in want of
some for Mr. De Grushe to tar the rigging for the ships,
should be glad you would let Mr. De Grushe, the bearer,
have some ; he will inform you what quantity he will want.
I am, with great respect, gentlemen,
Your very hble. servts.
SAML. TUDER.
To the Honourable Peter R. Livingston,
President of the Convention at Fishkill.
[Letter from John Field.]
December 23d, 1776.
I beg leave to inform your Honours that I happened at
New-London, in the State of Connecticut, and at the re-
quest of the committee I assisted in bringing off the stock
from Long island, to the amount of £44 5s. lawful money,
for which said committee allowed, and that I am in great
want of the same ; and further, that my family is nigh the
seat of war, and have been obliged to quit their habitation
in the Jerseys, and are in distressed and needy circum-
stances ; and I desire that your Honours would give an
immediate answer. I must go to their relief as soon as
possible. So I remain
Your friend and humble servant,
JOHN FIELD.
To the Honourable Congress of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from Col. Van Schaick, recommending several gentlemen as
officers.]
.Albany, Deer. 23d, 1776.
Gentlemen — I enclose the Committee a list of the
officers in the first battalion, who have declined the ser-
vice, &c.
I take the liberty to recommend to the notice of the
Committee, in the room of those who have declined, for
lieutenants — Nathaniel Henry, Guy Young and Henry De-
fendorf; for ensigns — Jonathan Brown, Bennett,
Thomas Hicks, Jacob Ja. Klock.
Several of the above gentlemen I have furnished with
money, and immediately sent them on the recruiting ser-
vice, in order that this most necessary business might not
be delayed any longer.
In a former letter I recommended Timothy Hughes and
Francis Shaw ; those gentlemen have since been provided
for in Colo. Livingston's regiment.
I am, with perfect esteem.
The Committee's most hble. servt.
G. VAN SCHAICK.
[Letter from Brigadier-General James Clinton, at Fort Montgomery.]
Fort Montgomery, 22d Deer. 1776.
Gentlemen — I send you enclosed a letter which I re-
ceived last night from Genl. Spencer, wherein you will
see the necessity of sending him a number of men, as the
troops under his command will be discharged next Tues-
day, their time of engagement being then expired ; and
[Vol. II.] 66
pray consider that the time of engagement of all the men
at Peekskill, Fort Independence, Fort Constitution, and
those near New- Windsor (belonging to my brother's bri-
gade) expires the last of this month, I have five compa-
nies here of my regiment, but when their times are out, I
can not tell nor ever could find out, as they were enlisted by
different officers, who put just what construction they
pleased on their warrants, and I believe they have never
informed me right. Capt. Swartwout says that his men's
times were out the first of this month, and some before ;
and some of them have run off without a discharge, and I
can not punish them for it, as he justifies them. I under-
stand there are many more say their times are out the last
of this month, and what to do with them I can not tell till
I have your directions ; but if I could persuade them all
to stay till next spring, (as I believe t might the most of
them,) they would be of little service, as several of them
are without shoes, &c. and have done no duty this long
time on that account, which makes the duty come hard on
the few that are provided with them. I send Capt.
Swartwout with this, that he may answer for himself con-
cerning his company. Captain Schenk informed me he
had sent a quantity of flour to this fort, but I can not find
out that any has come here ; and if we are not provided
with a quantity of flour and soon, we will want no men
here.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
P. S. Enclosed is a return of Capt. Swartwout's com-
pany, made yesterday.
The President of the Honourable Convention,
State of New- York.
Pyramus, 21st December, 1776.
Dear Sir — I am this moment favoured with the letter
of your Honourable House of the 17th instant. Being
sensible of the importance of the passes of the Highlands,
the security of them shall always be my first object, from
which I will not suffer myself, for any other consideration,
however specious, to be diverted. The stores taken at
Hackensack are now principally removed to the Highlands
or Peekskill, and General Heath, agreeably to orders, pro-
poses marching with his division to-morrow morning for
the latter place. As this movement of General Heath's
will leave the pass near Sydman's Bridge without a man,
I propose marching the two regiments 1 have here to Ra-
mapough and that place, and to extend my guards and pa-
troling parties from thence towards Ringwood and this
place. In this way I will give all the protection to the
few friends we have in this quarter in my power, and at
the same time scourge our enemies ; but I can not think
it would be advisable to continue those regiments so far
advanced as this, as the enemy, who have a whole brigade
at and near Acquacknock and Newark, might, by a forced
march, get between us and the posts we are designed to
defend.
The night before last, General Parsons and myself,
with five hundred of his troops and mine, set out about
dark on a visit to our friends in the English neighbour-
hood, where we were informed Colo. Buskerk's regiment
of new levies and some companies of light infantry were
quartered. When we came to the first house in the Eng-
lish neighbourhood, we detached Colo. Woodliull wiih
200 men to march cast of the settlement through the fields
to the edge of Bergen woods, to fix guards on the roads
leading to Burdett's and Bull's Ferry, and with the remain-
der of his force to come in on the back of tiie enemy up
the highway, so as to prevent their escape, while we with
the remainder marched through the neighbourhood. About
break of day we surprised and took their advanced guard,
about a mile from Bergen woods. At the instant we ef-
262
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, Sec.
fected this, and were about advancing to attack their main
body, one of their horse rode up, and not standing on
being challenged, was fired on by one our people ; this
alarmed their party ; they turned out, fired on us ; we re-
lumed the fire, upon which they fled and got olf before
Colo. WoodhuU with his parly, who had a rough march,
could reach the main road. It was, however, a succesful
little expedition; we took 23 prisoners, 18 excellent mus-
kets, a wagon and eight horses, and killed four or five. It
might have been much more so, had it not been so exceed-
ing cold, and the men beat out with the length of the
march ; the route which we took going was at least twenty-
eight miles. I have not the least doubt but we should
have killed and taken the whole party, and have cleared
Bergen woods of their wood-cuttcrs. The militia of the
counties of Ulster and Orange think it exceeding hard at
this time to be all called out, while those of other counties,
equally interested in guarding the passes of the Highlands,
are exempted from any part of the duty ; they think one-
half of them, to wit, about 1 ,000, would be fully compe-
tent for the purpose ; and considering the business they
were first intended for is now in a great measure accom-
plished, I am of their opinion. That number I believe
would continue with cheerfulness. If the whole is kept
out, though I know they will, they must, submit to it if
desired, it will be with a degree of reluctance. I wish,
therefore, I might have liberty to dismiss one-half of ihem ;
I am sure it will be best. We are distressed about pio-
visions. How are we to be suppHed ? Who is to be our
commissary ?
I am your most obedt. servt.
P. S. I forgot to mention that Fort Lee is demolished ;
we were 5 miles below it ; and to inform you that
Colo. Ford with about 500 of his militia attacked a much
superior number of the enemy on the 19lh instant, drove
them, killed 20 on the spot, with the loss of 3 wounded
only. The enemy's main army are retreating towards
Brunswick. Our people have had several successful skir-
mishes with them and are in high spirits.
To the Honourable Abraham Ten Broeck,
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Jobannis Johnson's letter to Brigadier-General Clinton relative to
prisoners, and enclosing General Howe's recruiting orders.]
December 23, 1776.
Sir — By order of Colo. Allison I received two prisoners
yesterday, as you will see by the enclosed, and as you are
commander of that quarter, I think it proper to send them
to you with a guard, under the command of Capt. Drake ;
and as I think them notoriously disaffected, by examination,
I should be of opinion to have them well secured, and kept
in close confinement until sent to Committee, as is in the
enclosed directed ; but if you should agree with my
opinion, they should immediately be sent to the Provincial
Congress of this Stale.
So I remain.
Your humble servant,
JOHANNIS JOHNSON,
First Major.
To Brig. Gen. Clinton.
By virtue of His Excellency General Howe's orders, to
fne directed, for raising in this Province a company of fifty
men, as soon as possible, you have my direction by vir-
tue of the power to me given, to recruit with all expedition
to join in His Majesty's service in this Province, for two
years if wanted, or a shorter time should the war be at an
end, for which being mustered, shall receive pay and cloth-
ing provided by His Majesty.
Given under my hand at King's Bridge.
JOHN EVERITT.
[Letter of Col. Allison to Capt. Johnson.]
Tappan, Dectmber 21, 1776.
Sir — I am directed by General Clinton to deliver all
persons taken up by us, lurking about or in arms, over to
the civil authority ; and as the two fellows now under
guard are inhabitants of Ulster county, I have thought it
advisable to deliver them into the custody of Major John-
ston, who, if he is of opinion with me, will send them to
the committee of your county ; you are therefore directed
to take the charge of conveying them to the commanding
officer of your regiment.
Given under my hand, Tappan, 21st Dec. 1776.
WM. ALLISON, Colo.
Capt. Mathew Johnston.
[A letter from President Ten Broeck to Major-General Mifflin.]
In Convention for the State of New-York )
Fishkill, December 21, 1776. ' \
Sir — The Convention of this Stale have received infor-
mation, that a quantity of goods proper for clothing the
Continental troops, are now at Fairfield in Connecticut,
under the care of Mr. Thaddeus Burr, and that these goods
are your properly. The levies raising in this Stale will
probably be soon completed, if it were in our power to give
the recruits their clothing. You are sensible, sir, that this
Slate, by the loss of her seaports, has been wholly depriv-
ed of the means of importation ; they therefore embrace
the earliest opportunity of attending to ihis necessary ob-
ject, and directed their Stale Commissary to purchase in
other States such as were to be found. He was so far
successful as to obtain a quantity in Philadelphia, which
we are since informed have been expended for the use of
the troops embodied to the southward. We are much dis-
tressed by this disappointment, seeing that no resource is
left but from the goods belonging to you ; for though we
have written to Congress with great importunity on this
subject, we are very apprehensive that in the present cri-
tical state of the military operations, we can not depend on
their immediate assistance.
I am therefore directed to request that you will be
pleased to order Mr. Burr to deliver the goods in his pos-
session to the agent of this Convention, for which we will
readily pay you a reasonable price.
I ara, sir, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedient servant.
By order.
ABM. TEN BROECK, President.
Major-General Mifflin.
[Letter to Brigadier-General George Clinton.]
December 21, 1776.
Sir — From various intelligence received by the Conven-
tion, they have great reason to believe that the enemy are
meditating a vigorous expedition against the passes in the
Highlands on the east of Hudson's river, and sundry cir-
cumstances in the operations of the disaffected tend to con-
firm this apprehension.
Those passes will next week be in a very defenceless
situation. The term of the enlistment of General Spen-
cer's division will then expire, and in all probabihty they
will return home. When General Heath, who has received
orders to cross the river, will arrive at Peekskill is uncer-
tain.
The Convention have, for these reasons, thought it neces-
sary to call out all the militia of Westchester, Dutchess,
and of all that part of Albany which lies to the southward
of Barn island, and directed them to march to North Castle.
As some time will be necessary to collect and march
them to that place, and as there is reason to suspect that
the enemy mean to take that route, they refer to your dis-
cretion, if the security of the passes on your side will admit
of the propriety of immediately detaching the whole or
part of your brigade, to secure that post till such time as
the militia of Westchester, Dutchess and Albany shall have
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
263
arrived at that place, and proper provision made for defeat-
ing the designs of the enemy.
To Brig. Gen. Geo. Clinton.
[Letter from Robert Yates, Esq.]
Claverack, December 25, 1776.
Dear Sir— The bearer hereof, Mr. Jeremiah C. Mul-
ler, is the young gentleman whom I heretofore recom-
mended to the committee of arrangements for an ensigncy.
As he does not know whether he is appointed, he now calls
on you for information. He is at present called out with
the militia to the Highlands, and should he be appointed,
it would probably be necessary for him to join his regiment.
I have understood by Mr. Ab. Yates, who this morning
passed by here in his way to Albany, that the government
report is completed. He was in so great a liurry to go up,
that I had no opportunity of receiving from him any infor-
mation upon this important subject. If you would give me
your thoughts upon it, you will obhge me much. I should
also be glad to know the day you expect to return to the
Fishkills, as it is probable I shall accompany you.
1 am, with the greatest esteem,
Your most obedient humble servant,
ROBT. YATES.
[Genl. James Clinton's recommendation of Jierck De Witt.]
Fort Montgomery, December 30th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Capt. De Witt informs me he is in want
of a lieutenant in his company ; and that he would be glad
to have Jierck De Witt appointed as such. He applies to
me to recommend him. I know him well ; he has served
this season in my brother's brigade, but had no commission ;
though in my opinion he would make a good officer, if you
see fit to appoint him.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
To the Gentlemen of the Committee of
Arrangement for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Abra. Ten Broeck to John Hancock, Esqr.]
In Convention of the Representatives }
of the State of New- York. J
FishkiU, Decemb. 1776.
Sir — I am directed by the Convention to make a further
application to Congress on the subject of clothing for our
levies. The situation of this State is such that it is im-
possible for us to get the several articles necessary for this
purpose ; and after we had procured at Philadelphia a very
considerable quantity, it was taken by the Committee of
Safety in that city, and applied for the use of their ov^^n
soldiery. It gave the Convention great pleasure to learn
about a month ago, that our sister Colony of Massachu-
setts Bay had been able to procure materials for clothing
their quota of troops ; and that pleasure hath been greatly
increased by our information of the capture of clothing for
twelve thousand men, by a Continental ship of war, and of
the arrival of a vessel from France, with a large assort-
ment of clothing on account of Congress. As there is
not any one State in America which has suffered so severe-
ly as New-York in the present war; as there is not one
whose commercial resources have been so entirely cut off,
we submit it to Congress, whether she ought not to have
a particular attention in the distribution of those articles,
which belong to the United Slates, and which by no care
or industry can be procured on her separate account. In a
word, sir, I am directed by the Convention to assure Con-
gress that they arc of opinion our regiments will be speedi-
ly filled, if we can get any lliing to cover them ; and that
without clothes they can not possibly gel troops. General
Morris, who is directed to repair to Congress, is charged
with this letter, and instructed to urge for their answer.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
By order.
ABM. TEN BROECK, President.
To the Honourable John Hancock.
[Letter to General Howe.]
In Convention of the State of New- York, \
FishkiU, Deer. 21st, 1776. J
Sir — On the application of the Reverend Mr. Inglis and
Messrs. Philip I. Livingston, and John Moore, who came
up the river, protected by a flag from your Excellency, the
Convention of this State have consented to permit their
ladies, with their families and effects, to go to New-York.
Mrs. Bruce and Mrs. Leake and her daughter, have ob-
tained the like indulgence. Messrs. Miles Sherwood and
Alexr. Wallace have license to proceed to New-York, to
take the necessary care of their families and property. In
order to give those ladies and gentlemen full protection, we
have sent Major Nicholas Fish, under the sanction of a
flag to see them safe to New- York. As that gentleman
may have it in his power to facilitate the removal of the
families and effects of some of the subjects of this State,
we have not the least doubt, sir, of your permission to him
to bring out with him these women and children, with their
property, of whom he will do himself the honour to in-
form you.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
To His Excellency General Howe, and in
his absence, to the commanding officer
at the city of New-York.
[Letter from General Herckheimer, and others, Canajoharie.]
Canajoharie District, December 21st, 1776.
Honourable Gentlemen —
The petition of your petitioners, hereunto subscribed,
humbly sheweth, that whereas a certain case of military
proceedings in General Herckheimer's brigade was taken
before the committee of this county and countermanded,
whereby we as well as part of the public are aggrieved ;
we are urged to appeal to your Honourable Board for re-
lief. The true circumstances of the case are as follows,
viz. John Kayser, of New Germantown, in Pollentine
District, a captain of a company of militia in Col. Jacob
Clock's battalion of Gen. Nicolas Herckheimer's brigade,
some time ago by a vacancy of a corporalship in his com-
pany, througli his corporal's enlisting as a ranger, appointed
and ordered John Remersnider, son of Henry Remersni-
dcr, of New Germantown aforesaid, to be a corporal in the
other's stead, which order was refused by both Remersni-
ders, the father and son, under the pretence alleged by
the father that his son was a miller, and therefore exempt-
ed of such military duties by law, according to the act for
the militia of the State of New-York. But as it was well
known, not only to the captain, to his subalterns, and to
the company, but to the whole neighbourhood, liiat the
father, Henry Remersnider aforesaid, who has an old rag-
ged mill in that neighbourhood, most always out of order,
has constantly been the miller himself, when tlie mill was
fit, and had water to grind, being but a small stream to it.
The said captain, therefore, considering the scheme of the
old man, in regard to the public, put the lawful fine, agreea-
ble to the militia rules, upon llie said John Remersnider,
for refusing to accept and serve as a corporal, and upon
still refusing of both Remersniders to pay the said fine,
the captain proceeded farther in the recovery of the same,
and distrained him. The father, hearing of being distrained,
threatened that if any man siiould come upon his ground,
in order to distrain for that purpose, he should kill him ;
therefore the sergeant thought proper to lake assistance
264
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
along with him to execute his office. It is true the father
may be a man of sixty odd years of age, and is exempt
thereby of training, but yet of a hearty and strong consti-
tution, well able to attend this mill, and truly better than the
son, who has no knowledge of it, and almost never before
tended the mill, nor yet, but at the time when the captain
calls a training. The father often before declared that if
one applied to him for the loan of horses, or in other train-
ing business, he had nothing to say in it; that his son was
the farmer, and he had to dispose of such things. The
father and son further, after the last voting of officers for
that company aforesaid, that if the son had been chosen an
ensign, he would have treated the electors and provided
the colours at his own cost, but for a private the father said
he should not train. All these circumstances here related
and more in behalf of the said proceedings, when called
upon, can be proved by evidence. The said father seeing
that his scheme would not be accepted by the captain, nor
his will obtained, made then application to the committee
of this county, with the complaint that his son, being a
miller, was unjustly fined and persecuted. The committee
upon such complaint, without hearing of one of the eviden-
ces in the captain's behalf, resolved that the said John Re-
mersnidcr shall be exempted of militia duty, except in
invasions, pursuant to the 12th article of the militia acts ;
and also that the fine recovered by the captain for such re-
fusal to serve as above mentioned, shall be rendered by the
said captain to the said John Remersnider. Considering
this resolve of the com rniltee, and the manner of proceed-
ings thereof, we thought we were in duty bound to resent
it as a grievance and imposition upon the officers of militia of
every rank, which will disturb the service in general, and
in particular the company of said Capt. Kayser, which, as
we are informed, will take the same privilege of not train-
ing in case this John Remersnider shall be free through this
deceitful scheme. Therefore, hoping that the rules and
regulations of the militia are not made nor intended to be
understood, explained, or taken in deceit, particularly as to
the fraud of the public, we, the superior officers, who are
resolved and willing to serve our country in our contest
faithfully, and to have the militia under our command ruled
impartially, find ourselves aggrieved, and beg that your
Honourable Board would look into the case maturely, and
procure that justice may be done to the officers, as well as
to privates. We do not doubt that in particular the pro-
ceedings of the said Capt. Kayser will be approved to be
just and lawful ; and, therefore, the above mentioned re-
solve of the committee recalled. We could add some other
instances of like cases of fines tried by the committee, and
the resolutions thereof by them determined, which at most
causeth a disrespect of their officers and discourages the lat-
ter. Without prescription to your Honourable Board, we
would that any militia case should be tried by a court mar-
tial, and if one should think himself aggrieved, might apply
to the field officers, and so on by degrees to the brigadier-
general, for a full inquiry and determination of the matter.
If such an appeal to the committee for every case tried by
officers is allowed to the militia they always will run there
for relief, and the trust reposed in us appears to be check-
ed, and our authority void.
Your humble petitioners for ever pray, &e.
We remain, with respect.
Honour, gentl. your obedient humble servts.
NICOLAS HERCKHEIMER,5n^. Gen.
EBENEZER COX, Col.
JACOB KLOCK, Col
Canajohary, jVb». 21s<, 1776.
Honourable Gentlemen :
I recommend Capt. John Eisenlord of Colo. Van
Dyke's regiment, as a well qualified gentleman for his rank
and station ; and would be glad if he would be nominated
and appointed as a captain in the new arrangement during
the war by your Honours' choice and authority. I am
convinced that he will behave further satisfactory to the
State in general, as well as to our county in particular.
I am, respectfully, honourable gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servant,
NICHOLAS HERCKHEIMER.
To tlie Honourable Committee of Con-
vention for the new arrangement of
Conlinental service in the State of
New-York.
Peekikill, December 20, 1776.
Yesterday I saw Mr. Peter Benedict who was appoint-
ed first lieutenant under me ; he informs me that he can not
continue in the service. He is much obliged the Honour-
able Conventon for their appointment, but his circum-
stances are such that he can by no means serve.
I should be very glad if I could have an officer appoint-
ed in his stead, as I labour under great disadvantage in my
recruiting, by not having my complement of officers, and
being very lame at present myself.
I am, your very humble servant,
JONATHAN HALLETT.
To the Honourable Convention.
[Parole of Miles Sherbrooke.]
Dutchess county, ss. — I, Miles Sherbrooke of the city
of New-York, merchant, and now by leave of the Conven-
tion of the State of New-York about to repair to said city,
do swear upon the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, that
I will not give or convey any verbal or written intelligence
whatsoever in anywise respecting the controversy now
subsisting between Great Britain and the United States of
North America, to any person or persons whatsoever until
leave for that purpose by the Convention or future Legis-
lature of this State unto me be given.
MILES SHERBROOKE.
Sworn the 20th day of Deer. 1776, before me.
Abm. Ten Broeck, President.
I, Miles Sherbrooke, do promise upon my parole of ho-
nour as a gentleman, that 1 will return from the city of
New-York, to the town of Middle Town in the State of
Connecticut on or before the last day of May, 1777, un-
less otherwise ordered by the Convention or future Legis-
lature of the State of New-York, and that I will there
abide the further order of such Convention or Legislature ;
and that I will not in anywise aid, abet, advise or assist
any person or persons acting under any authority derived
from the King and Parliament of Great Britain, in any act,
matter or thing whatsoever against the said State of New-
York, or the United States of America.
MILES SHERBROOKE.
[Parole of Alexander Wallace.]
FisKkill, Dutchess county, ss. — I, Alexander Wallace
of the city of New-York, merchant, and now by leave of
the Convention of the State of New- York, about to repair
tO|the city of New-York, do swear upon the Holy Evange-
hsts of Almighty God, that I will not give or convey any
verbal or written intelligence whatsoever in anywise re-
specting the controversy now subsisting between Great
Britain and the United States of North America, to any
person or persons whatsoever, until leave for that purpose
by the Convention or future Legislature of this State unto
me be given.
ALEXANDER WALLACE.
Sworn the 20th day Deer. 1776, before me.
Abm. Ten Broeck, President.
I, Alexander Wallace, do promise upon my parole of
honour as a gentleman, that I will return from the city of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
265
New-York to the town of Middle Town in the State of Con-
necticut, on or before the last day of May, one thousand
seven hundred and seventy-seven, unless otherwise ordered
by the Convention or future Legislature of the State of
New-York ; and that I will there abide the further order of
such Convention or future Legislature ; and that I will not
in anywise aid, abet, advise or assist any person or persons
acting under any authority derived from the King or
Parliament of Great Britain in any act, matter or thing
whatsoever against the said State of New- York, or the
United States of N. America.
ALEXANDER WALLACE.
[Account of ball and flints delivered by P. T. Curtenius, before Mr.
Norwood's appointment.]
Ball. Flints.
Troyn county, 600 3,000
Westchester county, 800 4,000
Ulster county, 400 2,000
Dutchess county, 1,000 5,000
Albany county, 2,000 9,500
SuflFolk county, 1,000 5,000
5,800 28,500
New-York county, 1,350
6,150 lbs.
[Letter from Wm. Miller, to Capt. Jas. Osburn.]
Wkite Plains, 1st October, 1776.
Sir — I this day received a letter from the Convention,
in which they inform me of a discovery made to them by
you, of conspiracies among some persons upon Cortlandt's
manor. I must acquaint you that the Convention have re-
posed a special trust in me, to be aiding and assisting in
bringing the same to light, as you may learn by applying
to Capt. Delavan. I must beg that you will, as soon as
possible, give me further information about the matter, in
order that they may be apprehended before they can es-
cape ; and if I could see you, I could impart further mat-
ters of the like consequence.
I am, your very hum. servt.
WM. MILLER.
[Mr. Robt. Yates's particular recommendation of John and Thomas
McKinster, for captain and first lieutenant, &c.]
Claverack, Dec. 20th, 1776.
Gentlemen — In the arrangement of officers lately made
in the Massachusetts Bay, upon the new establishment, I
have been informed that they have excluded all those who
do not actually reside within the limits of that State. In
consequence whereof, John McKinster and Thos. McKin-
ster, the first a captain and the other his first lieutenant,
who have served two campaigns with a company raised in
this county, in Col. Patterson's regiment are omitted, be-
cause they reside in Claverack, upon the eastern bounds
of this State. I have understood they behaved (particu-
larly at the Cedars, where the captain was wounded,) with
distinguished bravery. Would it not, therefore, be politic
to take them in the service of this Slate ? The advan-
tages resulting from such a measure, I conceive are evi-
dent. You would attach to the interest of this State two
useful officers, and at the same time they would, in tlieir
neighbourhood, raise a company of men who otherwise will
probably enlist among their eastern brethren. Without,
however, knowing whether you have room on the arrange-
ment for their admission in case you should concur with
me in sentiment, I thought it my duty to lay these facts be-
fore you.
One Joshua Whitney, from Nobletown, has requested me
to recommend him for a lieutenancy. I have but a slight
acquaintance with him. I must, therefore, (in case you
should be inclined to put him on) refer vou to Col. Van
Rensselaer, under whom he has served.
I am, with the greatest esteem,
Your humble servt.
ROBT. YATES.
To the Committee of Arrangement.
[A letter from Col. Jacobus Swartwout.]
Fort Constitution, Dec. 20th, 1776-
Gentlemen — Whereas, the limited time we engaged
in the service will expire by the last day of this month,
which is nigh at hand, except we are relieved, or stay lon-
ger than our times, this garrison will be left vacant ; but in
all probability you have provided a relief to relieve us at
that day ; but on the contrary, if you have not, it would be
best to let me know per first opportunity, in what manner
to act. It is very reasonable to think that the greatest part
of the men will be very anxious to get home when their
time expires, notwithstanding, believe, with the other offi-
cers, might prevail with a sufficient number to garrison
this fort till a proper relief might be procured of the Con-
tinental troops ; but if you have already a sufficient num-
ber of Continental troops, it will be saving money by send-
ing them, as they are under pay. Should be loth to leave
this garrison with my regiment till I heard from you, gen-
tlemen, as there is many things here which will not admit
of leaving without a guard, such as cannon, ammunition &c.
Capt. Bratt's and Capt. Balding's companies of rangers
arrived here the other day from Albany ; say they were
sent here by the committee of that place, and their in-
structions are to come here to this fort and slay till the first
of January, which will be just the time we have to stay.
In my opinion they are of no service here for the present,
nor would they if they should be ordered to guard this fort
this winter ; for I ordered them to furnish their proportion
of guards, upon which the two captains come to me, and
told me their men was not enlisted to mount guard, but was
willing to turn out their men for fatigue ; upon which I
I have kept them in getting of firewood, together with our
men. We have had no boats from New-Windsor this two
days, to be loaded with stone ; I suppose by reason of the
severity of the weather. All the timber handy here for
rafts, we have cut and sent up ; here is still a great plenty
of fine timber in a swamp, on this island, which might be
got out with sleighs in the winter when the ice is hard, to be
ready for rafting in the spring.
I am, gentlemen, with esteem.
Your very hble. servt.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT, Col.
To the Honourable Convention,
at Fishkill.
[Letter from Gen. Schuyler at Albany.]
Albany, December 20th, 1775.
Sir — Your favour of the 9th instant was delivered mo
yesterday by Mr. Nichols.
It was not possible to pay off any soldiers that were dis-
charged, as none could inform me what money had been
paid them by their respective captains, nor could even a
settlement have been made with the captains, as it was not
known what money had been advanced them by the order
of Congress. I can not find that any of the captains who
are now in Canada, have transmitted accounts of llie mo-
neys they have paid to the soldiers that are relumed from
thence. It is some time since I ordered these accounts to
be sent, but not one has yet come to my hands, so that
the impossibility of coming to a final settlement with these
67
266
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &cc.
men still exists, although I am possessed of the account
of what you have advanced.
I am, sir, with the best wishes, for you and the respec-
table body in which you preside,
Your most hum. servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
P. S. The transportation of the baggage belonging to
the prisoners runs so exceedingly high in expense, that I
wish you to apply for a let pass for such sloop as may be
sent down with it, either now or as early in the spring as
possible.
The prisoners that are in Pennsylvania will suffer for
want of clothing, and it can not possibly be carried there
by land this season.
Colo. WOODHULL, &C. 8tC.
[Capt. Rosekrans and Genl. Jas. Clinton's recommendation of 1st
Lieut. Lee in Rosekrans's company, and Henry Swartwout for an
Ensign.]
Fulikill, Deer. 20lh, 1776.
CoLO. DuBOYS — I was yesterday at Congress where I was
informed that I had a choice either to be m your regiment
or Colo. Livingston's, which in choice do choose to be in
yours, but, however, am now in company with Lieut. Lee,
who informs me that he has an offer of captain in your re-
giment, with the proviso 1 do not accept the birth, if 1 do
that he must continue as a heutenant, which I think need
not be the case ; for if I am appointed in your regiment
there must be a vacacy in Livingston's which I think can
be procured for Lieut. Lee with your assistance. How-
ever, if not, I shall not be the means of being detrimen-
tal to Lee ; shall take it as a particular favour if you would
assist Lee in getting the commission, as I think him highly
worthy of the birth, and, likewise, I expect there will be
a vacancy for an ensign in my company, and shall be veiy
happy if you could set it your way to appoint Henry
Swartwout, who is now my ensign, and worthy of the
birth.
Am and remain, sir.
Your real friend and most hum. servant.
JAS. ROSEKRANS.
N. B. Capt. Rosekrans showed me the above letter and
I recommended the same.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
To Colo. DuBOYS.
[Genl. Clinton's recommendation of Jno. McClaghry for Ensign, and
Nehemiah Carpenter for Quartermaster.]
Fishkill Landing, Decemr. 20th, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have been these three days past at Fishkill,
where I thought to have had the pleasure of seeing you,
but was disappointed.
I would have been glad to have seen the arrangement
of vour regiment, but as it was not made out properly, I
could not ; the members of the committee of arrangement
showed me part of it, wherein I noticed one John Mc-
Claghry appointed your quartermaster. He is a good young
man and a good scholar, but as he is unacquainted with the
business, I recommend him for an ensign, and Nehe-
miah Carpenter who has served this last year as quarter-
master in my regiment to be your quartermaster, he is
well deserving of it. I have likewise, recommended An-
drew Hartness for an ensign in your regiment, he is a
good clerk and a lively young man.
If there be a vacancy for Capt. Increase Childs and En-
sitrn Ponderson of my regiment, I would be glad if they
were appointed if you see it in your way; I make no doubt
you will mention them, believe they would answer well.
Samuel Lewis who is serjeant-major in my regiment, I
would recommend for an ensign, if there should be a va-
cancy either in your regiment or any other.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
LLetter to Brigadier-General George Clinton.]
Fishkill, VM Decemr. 1776.
Sir — Your favour of the 17th instant being laid before
the Convention, I am directed to acquaint you that they
approve of the measures you have adopted, and of the or-
ders you have given to Col. Allison for promoting the utility
and success of the expedition under your command. They
flatter themselves that the valuable ends which were pro-
posed by this enterprise will be happily effectuated. Re-
lying on your zeal and abihties, they do not think it ne-
cessary to give you any directions in addition to these with
which you are furnished. Retreat to the passes of the
Highlands being secured, every thing else is left to your
prudence. An express is despatched to Col. Allison with
your orders,
I am with great respect, sir,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
By order.
Brig. Gen. George Cunton.
Head-Qdaetebs, )
Harlem Heights, IQth October, 1776. J
[Letter from Tench Tilghman.]
Gentn. — Since I wrote you yesterday we have heard
nothing from the men of war, but that they are lying at
Tarry Town. I imagine the intent of their being sent up
is to stop supplies from coming down the river. The two
new ships are going to be sunk immediately to endeavour
to stop the channel, and try if we can not hinder the men
of war already up from coming down or more going up. I
enclose you here an account of expenses incurred by the
guard, who carried up and brought down Marsh, as it
seemed more a Provincial than Continental charge, I paid it.
I am, gentn. your most obt. servt,
TLNCH TILGHMAN.
RoBT. R. Livingston or Wm. Dtjer, Esqrs.
[A letter from J. S. Hobart.]
Fairfield, October lOth, 1776.
Sir — In pursuance of the order of the Convention of the
20th ult., I send Isaac Ketchum under the guard of the
bearers William Wakeman and Albert Sherwood, as he is
manacled, I think two men will be sufficient ; besides, I
was apprehensive that the Convention would think him
scarcely worth the price had I employed more men, as I
am obliged to allow these £b each, supposing it will em-
ploy them 5 days.
We have an excursion to Long island in contemplation.
The troops marched to the harbour last night, but an unfa-
vorable wind prevented their embarcation, hope we shall
be more successful to day.
I have the honour to be.
With the greatest resspect, sir,
Your most obdt. servant.
JNO, SLOSS HOBART.
Honourable P. R.^Livingston.
[Resolutions for supplying the army with wheat ]
Resolved, That Henr}' Schenk, or his agents be em-
powered to purchase up wheat for the use of the Contin-
ental army, and that he cause the same to be manufactur-
ed into flour, and transported to the landings most conti-
guous to the river with the utmost despatch.
Resolved, That the names of all persons who shall re-
fuse to part with their wheat at a reasonable rate, be forth-
with returned to the Committee of Safety or the Conven-
tion of the State, in oider that proper measures may be de-
vised for preventing the public interest from being sacrifi-
ced to the obstinacy, or disaffection, or avarice of indi-
viduals.
Resolved, That Henrj^ Schenk Esq. or his agents be
directed and authorized to hire or impress drivers, waggons,
teams, ox-carts and other carriages for the purpose of exe-
cuting this resolution with the utmost despatch.
I
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
[A letter from Huybert Oosirander, Chairman of the Committee of
Hurley.]
Hurley, October 10th, 1776.
Agreeable to the resolves of Congress, the Committee
of Hurley have purchased 3 guns and 1 cartridge box,
amount £7 9s. If the Congress should think proper to
pay the money for those guns whilst you are there, the
Committee begs the favour of you to receive it for them,
and send it up when an opportunity that you like offers.
I am, very respectfully, sir.
By order of the Committee,
Your most obedt. servt.
HUYBERT OOSTRANDER, Chairman.
Charles De Witt, Esq.
1 Gun cost £3, 1 do £2, ] do £1 15s. and 1 cartridge
box 14*. the whole amounting to £7 9s.
[A letter from John Barclay, Chairman of the Albany Committee.]'
.Albany Commiitee Chamber, Oct. 9th, 1776.
Sir — We have received yours of the 7th instant, and in
consequence thereof have procured the iron stove, pipes
and other fixtures from the members of the Presbyterian
church in this city.
We shall send it down to-morrow to the place directed,
and write you fully how, and on what terms we have pro-
cured it.
We are, sir, your most obt. servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman P. T.
To Peter R. Livingston, Esq.
[An official letter from Tench Tilghman to William Duer.]
Head-Qtjarters, >
Harlem Heights, Oct. 8th, 1776. S
Dear Sir — Lord Stirling came on shore yesterday even-
ing ; as he was on board ship the whole time of his capti-
vity, he can say very little of the situation or intentions of
the enemy. He apprehends they are not so strong as they
give out, as he often heard them mention the want of their
reinforcement. He confirms the account of the bad blood
between the English and Hessian troops ; the latter plun-
der whig and tory indiscriminately and without punish-
ment, while the former are under the severest restrictions.
One of the prisoners that we took yesterday, says, the
Hessians have wounded some of the British for only en-
deavouring to take part of the spoil with them. By a letter
from Mr. Derby of Salem, we are informed that a brig be-
longing to Massachusetts had taken and brought in a trans-
port with 20 of the 16th regiment of light dragoons with
them, horses, &c. This transport, was one of 12 sail that
have since arrived at New-York, each with the same num-
ber of men and horses. They had been embarked ever
since the 27th June, and many of the horses perished on
the passage for want. Three days before the fleet of 12
sailed, a fleet of about 70 left England having the remain-
der of the 15th regiment of dragoons on board, and the
last division of foreigners, said to be about 5,000, none of
which my Lord Stirling says are arrived.
Your State has undoubtedly been advised by Congress
of their resolution to raise 88 battalions on Continental pay
to serve during the war. His Excellency desires me to
remind you, of how much consequence the nomination of
good officers will be in this reform of the army. As the
Congress have left the appointment of all ofliccrs, except
Generals, to the different States, His Excellency iias wrote
to most of them in the most pressing terms, to be careful
in their choice. The S>ale of Connecticut have shewn a
very good example for procuring suitable persons cither to
be preferred or continued in command ; they having desired
the Commander-in-Chief, in conjunction with their own
Generals, to make out a list (and transmit it to them) of
those officers who in their opinion have behaved best, and
are most worthy of notice. His Excellency desires mo to
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 267
say further, that he has ever avoided recommending officers
to preferment least he should be taxed with partiality, but,
that he can not pass by the merit of Lt. Colonel Livingston
of Col. Clinton's regiment, he having upon every occasion
exhibited proofs of his activity and zeal for the service.
He therefore wishes he may not be overlooked in the pre-
ferments that must naturally take place upon the new es-
tablishment of your forces. I am just ini^ormed that your
Convention have already wrote to Gen. McDougall upon
the subject of new commissions, which I am glad to hear.
I had proceeded thus far to be ready for your express,
when your favour of the 6th came to hand. I am glad
that you go on apprehending the villians in the country
above, and gladder to find that you have power to establish
a proper court for their trial. I mistook the matter before.
I am, dear sir, respectfully yours.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
William Duek, Esq.
[Letter from Jno. Sloss Hobart, at Fairfield.]
Fairfield, October 8th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 2d inst. per Capt. Ro-
gers, is come to hand, informing me that Convention have
determined to send the Montgomery on a cruising voyage
again, and had appointed you to expedite the same, and
give instructions and grant such supplies as may be neces-
sary, and desiring me to furnish Capt. Rogers with as
much money as may be necessary to fit out said privateer,
out of the public moneys now in my hands. In compli-
ance with which, have informed Capt. Rogers that the
money is at his service, though I think that in order to
have a proper voucher to the Auditor-General, it is neces-
sary that I be furnished with a certified order of Conven-
tion for paying that money, which I beg you will send me
by the bearer ; but in the meantime, that the business of
the privateer may not be obstructed, shall advance the
money on your letter ; but I must beg leave to observe,
that Convention will be disappointed if they expect the
sloop will get to sea without a supply of cash from the
treasury. The money in my hands amounts only to £320,
while near £800 is due in wages to the people, as Capt.
Rogers informs me. The prize goods that are saved, are
but trifling. Mr. Hallet is in pursuit of them, but a con-
siderable time will be spent before they can be condemned
and sold, so that if Convention mean that the sloop should
cruise before the chance of prizes is over, a person should
be sent immediately with cash sufficient to pay off the
arrears and furnish the needful for another voyage. I
thought it my duty to mention these matters to you, as per-
haps the situation of the property which the public has in
these parts, is not sufficieiitly known.
I am, with great esteem,
Your most obedt. servt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
To Messrs. Bancker, Harper and Platt.
[Letter from John Field and Jona. Paddock.]
Dutchess, Southeast Precinct, 7th Oct. 1776.
Sir — We esteem it our duty to suggest to your Honour-
able House, that wc think the raising a company of ran-
gers or county guards in the southern part of Dutchess
county is very necessary. Our external enemies seem to
strain every nerve to carry their insidious plans into exe-
cution. We have too much reason to believe we Iiavc
daily spies from the British army in our neighbourhood.
Wc arc now, sir, in pursuit of two ])crsons whom wc have
lately discovered, of whose villainous purposes wo have
sufficient evidence ; our treacherous neighbours are in a
continual agitation ; we wish they and their connections
may be now laboviring under the last expiring struggles of
that inhuman spirit which lias so long possessed them.
However thai may be, we beg leave to say, that a strict
268
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
attention to their motions is our duty, and that the concur-
rence of the Convention with what is above recommended,
we think may serve to delect them in a great degree. If
the Honourable House should honour us with their con-
currence, we beg leave to recommend Nathaniel Scribner
of Fredericksburgh precinct, as captain, and Joseph Field
in Southeast precinct, as lieutenant of the company, and
that they are authorized to enlist their company as soon as
possible. For further intelligence in this matter, we
would refer the House to our worthy friend, Doct. Crane.
We are, sir.
Yours, and the Convention's very humble servts.
JOHN FIELD,
JONATHAN PADDOCK.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman at Head-Quarters, Harlem Heights.]
Head-Quarters, )
Harlem Heights. 6th October, 1776. ^
Dear Sir — The enemy did not give us the trouble of
removing them from Harlem last evening, they went off
themselves. They had been levelling some small works we
had thrown up there when our troops quartered in that
town, and not throwing up new, as we thought. Our
troops have evacuated Bergen and the places adjacent, and
will form an entire body under Genl. Greene in Jersey, op-
posite to this post. When Lee arrives, I think we may
form a fine disposition ; Greene in Jersey, the General on
this side, Harlem river in the centre, and Lee on the other
side. A bridge of boats is to be thrown over Harlem ri-
ver just at this place, which will form a fine, easy commu-
nication between, should the attack be made either on one
side or the other. I have not to add but that Lord Stirling's
exchange takes place to-morrow, Gov. Brown being ar-
rived.
I have the honour to be, sir,
Yr. most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
William Duer, Esqr.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman at Harlem Heights.]
Head-Quarters, )
Harlem Heights, 7th October, 1776. ^
Dear Sir — I have Mr. Benson's letter of the 5th, by
which I find you are laid up with a sprained leg. I hope
it will not be of long continuance.
Anchors and cables will be wanting to moor the boats
in order to throw a bridge over Harlem river ; all those
belonging to the vessels that were sunk are sent up the
river, I believe to Poughkeepsie. His Excellency desires
that you would immediately send down six anchors and
cables of the size that are commonly used by sloops, as
they are very much wanted ; pray let no time be lost.
We have nothing new from the enemy. We took a
drummer and fifer rambling in Harlem this morning, but
they are entirely ignorant of their own numbers, plans or
any thing else.
I am, dear sir,
Yr. most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
William Duek, Esqr.
[Letter from Gen. Schuyler at Albany.]
Albany, October 7th, 1776, 6 o'clock, A. M.
Dear Sir — Your favour of the 4th inst. enclosing the
resolutions of Congress for raising a new army, were de-
livered me just now.
I shall cause returns to be made out of Van Schaick's,
Wynkoop's and Nicholson's regiments, and transmit them
to you by the first conveyance, which will probably be to-
morrow, together with the terms on which they were en-
gaged.
You will perceive by a letter of mine, of this date, to
Convention, that I have presumed to give them a hint on
the subject of the new army. Had I received yours be-
fore I wrote that, I should have enlarged, which I shall do
in my next to you. The post wails and I must conclude.
I am, dear sir, with the greatest esteem,
Your obedient hble. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
P. S. Of McDougall's, Clinton's and Ritzema's corps, I
have never had a return.
To Robert Yates, Esq.
[A letter from Mat. Visscher.]
" In Convention of the State of New- York, )
" Fiskkill, 7th October, 1776. J
"Gent. — I am directed by Convention to request of you
to apply to the gentleman that has the superintendency of
the Presbyterian church in your city, for the use of the iron
stove, with the pipes and other fixtures thereto belonging.
They will either return the same or order another to be
cast with all despatch, as suits the gentleman con-
cerned. The Convention here sits in the Dutch church,
which being built of stone is so very damp that many of
the members can not attend. They therefore request that
your board would apply immediately for it, and send it
down to Fishkill Landing for the use of the Convention,
by the first conveyance. They will pay all expenses at-
tending the same."
I do hereby certify the aforegoing to be a true extract of
a letter from Peter R. Livingston, Esqr. as President of
the late Convention of this State, to the then committee of
the county of Albany, and that in pursuance thereof the
said committee did apply to and obtain from the superin-
tendents of the said church the use of the said stove, &c.
and did forward the same to Fishkill Landing.
MAT. VISSCHER.
Albany, 2nd March, 1780.
[A letter from Colo. Broom, excusing his non-attendance.]
New-Haven, Sepr. 26, 1776.
Sir — I was yesterday served with an order of Conven-
tion of 14th inst. directing my attendance as a member
forthwith. Mr. L'hommedieu and myself had agreed to
set out last week for Fishkills, but he did not come here
according to appointment, and indeed if he had it would
not have been in my power to have left home, as three of
my family were taken sick near about that time. They are
now on the recovery, and I hope soon to have the pleasure
of attending. Meantime,
I am your and the Convention's humble servt.
JNO. BROOM.
To Honble. Abraham Yates, Esqr.
President of the Convention at Fishkills.
[Letter from Joshua H. Smith.]
Haverstraw, Octr. 5, 1776.
Sir — I have the honour of your order for my attendance
on Convention by the hands of your messenger. I should
have returned with punctuality at the time limited, but have
been detained by a violent attack of the dysentery, of which
I am still by no means free from danger. I shall attend
on Convention as soon as may be consistent with safety.
And am yours and the Convention's
Most obedient,
JOSHUA H. SMITH.
The President of the Convention
of the State of New- York
[Letter from T. Tilghman.]
Head-Quarters, ">
Harlem-Heights, 3d October, 1776. 5
Dear Sir — We had an alarm this morning at 4 o'clock ;
we had our men instantly under arms ; but it turned out a
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &cq.
269
mistake of our patrols, who conceited they had seen a large
body of the enemy advancing to our Hnes.
By a letter from Mr. Derby, of Boston, we are informed
that one of our cruisers had taken and carried into Piscat-
qua a transport, one of six that sailed from New-York the
Isl of September for the West Indies, to bring from thence
what troops might be there. Does not this look as if Genl.
Howe's army was not so strong as we have apprehended ?
or would he drain the islands of their weak garrisons, con-
sidering how matters stand affected in the French islands ?
They have already insulted the British flag by affording an
asylum to Capt. Weeks in a Continental ship of war and
refusing to give her up to the Pomona frigate.
Capt. Cook is now up the river cutting timber for che-
vaux-de-frise ; as he is much wanted here to sink the old
vessels, the General begs that you would immediately
send him down. We are at a stand for want of him, for as
he has superintended the matter from the beginning, he
best knows the most proper places to be obstructed. If
the new ships should be found necessary to our salvation,
you need not fear their being sacrificed, but our pubhc
money goes fast enough without using it wantonly.
I am sorry that your Convention do not think themselves
legally authorized to make examples of those villains they
have apprehended ; if that is the case, the well affected
will be hardly able to keep a watch upon the ill.
The General is determined if he can bring some of those
in his hands under the denomination of spies, to execute
them. Genl. Howe hanged a captain of ours belonging to
Knowlton's rangers, who went into New-York to make
discoveries. I do not see why we should not make retali-
ation.
I am, with much esteem, dear sir.
Your most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
William Duer, Esq.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman at Harlem Heights.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Harlem Heights, olh October, 1776. )
Dear Sir — Marsh shall be immediately sent up to you,
and I hope he will answer the end proposed. We sent
down a party last night to bring off a parcel of boards from
Harlem, which they effected. The enemy, I fancy, think
we have got more than our share from that town, for they
this morning sent a small party over and took possession.
They have been throwing up a breastwork to-day, but we
must try to drive them away to-night. I hope you will suc-
ceed in apprehending Palmer. We have done nothing yet
with the persons apprehended in company with Marsh, nor
can we till he returns to give evidence.
I am, sir, yr. most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
William Duer, Esq.
[Letter from Committee of Tryon county.]
In Committee of the County of Tryon, )
October 5th, 1776. S
Gent. — In the other letter of this day's date we forgot
to mention to you the absolute necessity we are under for
money. The people to wiiom money is due are daily call-
ing on us. You will therefore, if possible, obtain four
hundred pounds New-York currency for us, and if one of
you do not come up soon, send it by the bearer, Lieut.
Simmons, of the rangers.
We shall have the accounts ready to be sent down to
Congress soon.
We again recommend it earnestly to you to obtain an
answer to the letters to Congress, so that we have them by
the bearer.
We are, gentlemen, your hble. servts.
By order.
JOHN FREY, Chairman.
To Messrs. Paris, Moore, Harper and
Newkihk, in Provincial Congress, Fishkill.
[Vol. II.] 68
[Letter from Jacob Bamper.]
Philadelphia, 21st October, 1776.
Honourable Sir —
Excuse my boldness for writing to you. What
made me write to your Honour was, that I had a letter
from the Honourable Philip Livingston to you concerning
assisting in getting me in oui' army. I was on my journey
to deliver you the letter myself, but I was taken very ill,
that obliged me to return. There is a young gentleman
who will deliver you the letter from the above named gen-
tleman. Will your Honour be so kind as to send a few
lines by the post to me concerning the matter ? And in the
meanwhile I remain
Your humble servt.
JACOB BAMPER.
For Peter R. Livingston, Esqr. President
of the New-York Convention, at Fishkills.
[Letter from William Miller to Capt. Joseph Osburn.]
Harrison Precinct, October 4th, 1776.
Sir — I received an order from a committee appointed
by the Convention, for the purpose of defeating all con-
spiracies against the States, in which I was told that you
had informed them of two companies raising ; and I was
ordered and empowered to call on Capt. Dilavan to take
them. In consequence of which I wrote to Capt. Dilavan
to hold himself in readiness ; and at the same time wrote
to you for further information, which to my grief and sur-
prise I have not received. I hereby acquaint you, I have
since received an order more urgent for detecting them
and others, and am empowered to call out any part of the
militia to my assistance. By virtue of which order, I now
send to you desiring you will advise with the bearer, who
may be confided in and will give you all the assistance in
his power ; I have sent him also to Capt. Dilavan, with a
request for him to advise and assist you in taking up all
the conspirators. I would inform you, that this night we
are to strike below, and hope you will at the same time ;
and be sure to send a guard to the bridges. Our rendez-
vous is intended to be at Stephen Devenport's in North Castle,
where you may send at any time. Your compliance with
the above may do great service, and much oblige the
Convention and
Your humble servant,
WILLIAM MILLER.
To Capt. Joseph Osbttrn.
[A list of Kings county troop who have been in service.]
j1. M. October Ath, 1776.
Roll of commissioned officers, non-commissioned offi-
cers and privates of the troop of horse of Kings county,
who were upon duty in order to drive off the stock;
commenced August 1 4th, 1776.
Upon duty and came over from off
Long island.
Upon duty, but remained upon Long
island.
Daniel Rappleye,
Jacob Bloom
Peter Van Der Voort,. .
Hendric Johnson,
John Blauw
Reynier Suydam,
John Van Der Veer, . . .
Lambert Suydam, . ...
Peter Wyckolf,
Hendrick Suydam,
Hendrick Suydam, Junr.
1st lieut.
2d do
ensign
sergeant
trumpeter John Nostrant, ,
private
do.
Jacob Suydam,
Isaac Snediker,
Isaac Boerum, ,
John Rierson,
Rutgers Van Brunt,
Charles l)e Be Vois,..
Benjamin Seaman,
Roelof TiirhuMC,
Andrew Casper
Thomas Bctts,
Martin Kcrslion,
Peter Miller,
Hendrick WyckolT, . . .
capt.
qr. master
clerk
sergt.
do
private
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
DANIEL RAPALJE, Lieut.
270
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Mat. Rea, Chairman of Shawangonk, requesting com-
missions for Siah Robinson and company. 1
In Committee, Shawangonk Precinct, in Ulster county, ?
The 1st day of October, 1776. 5
Gentlemen — Whereas tlie company of militia of foot
formerly commanded by Matthew Rea, in the precinct of
Shawangonk, and in the regiment commanded by Colonel
Jonathan Hasbrouck, have been under the necessity to
make a new choice of officers, by reason of their captain's
resigning and other vacancies, ihe following gentlemen
were chosen, agreeably to the resolves of Congress, for the
officers of said company, vizt. Siah Robinson, for captain;
James Hunter, for first lieutenant ; James Kaine, Junr.
for second lieutenant; and Evert Huffman, for ensign. And
the committee of said precinct of Shawangonk do earn-
estly request that tlie persons above named may be com-
missioned as early as possible.
By order of the committee.
MATTHEW REA, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Convention of the
State of New- York, now convened at Fishkills.
[A letter from A. D. Witt to Matthew Cantine and Charles De Witt.]
Kingston, 30th Sept. 1776.
Dear Sirs — You will see by the letter from myself,
Wynkoop and Peck, and the enclosed letter to the Conven-
tion of the State of New-York, that the inhabitants of Pa-
paconk, arc in great fear of a rupture of the Indians. The
man who brought me the letter rode all night ; came to my
house Saturday afternoon. Sunday morning early I rode
off to Kingston, to Peck and Wynkoop. He tells me that
an old squaw on whom they depended all summer for a
timely warning, came to some of the inhabitants last week,
(weeping much,) desiring them to move off this week, to
get out of danger, as she would not see them in a great
while. The inhabitants from Shohawkan are moved. He
also told me that there were yet at Papaconk nme families
amounting to the number between sixty and seventy chil-
dren ; and that they would move away in short if they
could get no assistance. They have a considerable quan-
tity of grain and stock. I would leave it to your consi-
deration if it would not be proper if they must come away,
to send a guard to assist them to bring off as much of their
effects as possible. You know, in case of a rupture of the
Indians our case will be bad, as our frontiers are drained
of able bodied men, and consequently necessary that we
should be assi.«!ted with men to preserve our lives and pro-
perty ; and that early before the people suffer, for I conceive
the first murder is committed will occasion a great conster-
nation, and cause a number of people to evacuate their
places, the effect whereof you know. I doubt not but you
will do what is in your power for the best, and would be
glad to receive a few lines from you in answer, and news
if there be any certain.
I am, with esteem, your humble servant, &c.
A. D. WITT.
For Matthew Cantine and Charles
De Witt, Esqrs. Members of the
Convention of the State of New-
York, Fishkills.
[A letter to Jno. S. Hobart,Esqr.]
Fishkills, Oct. 2d, 1776.
Dear Sir — The Convention having determined to send
the Montgomerie, Capt. Rogers commander, out on a
cruising voyage again, and appointed us to expedite the
same, and give instructions, and grant such supplies as
may be necessary, these are therefore to desire you will
supply Capt. Rogers with as much money as may be ne-
cessary to fit out the said privateer, out of the public mo-
neys you mentioned in your letter to Convention. If op-
portunity will permit we should be glad you would inspect
and see what is necessary, and that prudence be used in
the outfit.
Yours, &c.
EVERT BANCKER,
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jr.
WILLIAM HARPER.
To John Sl. Hobart, Esqr.
[Letter from Ezra Thompson.]
Great Nine Partners, October 2d, 1776.
To the Honourable Convention of the State of New
York :
By reason of sickness in my family, I have not been
able to attend constantly at the mines, but as Mr. McDon-
nald appears an honest, industrious man, and one Mr. Her-
rick, that I improved, was a man used to the business, and
very faithful, therefore I think the business has gone on
very well. I was obliged to go to Mr. Livingston's pow-
der mill, in order to get powder for the busniess, and then
could not get it without paying the money, at Ss. per pound.
I got 20 pounds. Mr. McDonald's report as far as I can
judge, may be depended upon. He will give you particu-
lar account of the cost, and what the damage was prized
at, done to Mr. Fisk, the owner of the lane where the
mine is. In great haste, I must beg leave to subscribe
myself
Your very humble servant,
EZRA THOMPSON.
P. S. I got 15 pounds of the powder dehvered me by
Mr. McDonald.
John McKesson, Esqr. Secry. for the
Convention of the State of New-
York, at Fishkills.
[A letter from Thaddeus Burr, Esqr.]
Fairfield, 27th Septr. 1776.
Sir — This is to inform you that at the request of Thos.
Treadwell, and other gentlemen of Long island, 1 have re-
ceived into my jail, Isaac Ketchum and Samuel Scidmore,
who are now held by no legal process. I therefore should
be glad of some direction from the Convention. I shall
hold them until I hear from you.
I am, in great haste, sir.
Your very humb. servant,
THADDEUS BURR,
Sheriff of Fairfield County.
To the President of New- York Convention.
[Letter from P. T. Curtenius, enclosing an account of the disposition
of lead, flints, &c.]
Hackinsack, Septr. 16, 1776.
Gent. — Agreeable to your order of the 10th inst.
I have enclosed an account of the quantity of lead, &c.
shipped off, and the persons' names to whom delivered. As
to the military stores, I have none remaining in my hands,
having delivered them from time to time to the military
store keepei, Mr. Norwood, and after his removal the resi-
due was delivered to Mr. Zedekia Mills.
Mr. Allen and Mr. Varick have set up their business in
this place, and I have engaged of them 100 muskets, which
will be ready (they say) in the course of a month, twenty-
five of which are ready.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. Mr. Norwood is removed to Passaic Falls.
[Letter from Abm. W. De Peyster on the subject of the prisoners sent
from this Colony, and imprisoned in Connecticut.]
Harlem, jlugt. 2Ut, 1776.
I Gentlemen — In obedience to the orders received from
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
271
the President of the Honourable Convention, I waited
upon Governor Trumbull at Lebanon, to take his direc-
tions, for the disposition of the thirteen prisoners left at
Litchfield, when His Honour was pleased to order that
Gilbert Forbes and William Forbes, should remain in Litch-
field jail, in the custody of Linde Lord, Esqr. the Sheriff
of that county ; that David Mathews, Esqr, should be re-
moved from thence to Hartford jail, to the care of
Williams, Esqr. Sheriff of Hartford county, and that John
L. C. Roome, Esqr. Nathan Gyre, Lazarus Gyre, Jona-
than Baker, James Mason, Isaac Young, Israel Young,
Thomas Coyne, John Clarke and Thomas Vernon, be com-
mitted to the custody of Prosper Wetmore, Esqr. sheriff
of the county of New-London, to be confined in the jail
in the town of Norwich, in the said county. The Gover-
nor at the same time wrote letters of instructions to the
sheriffs respectively, advising them of the manner in which
the prisoners were to be treated. The one to the sheriff
of Hartford county respecting Mr. Mathews, the Gover
nor informed me contained a permission to let Mr. Ma-
thews walk about the town in the day time with some per-
son as his guard, who he was to be at the expense of; and
who was every evening to see him safe in his lodgings in
jail, where I understood he was to have his quarters. As
soon as the Governor dismissed me I set out for Litchfield ;
when I arrived there I found that the committee of that
town, in my absence, had permitted all the prisoners who
had been put in close confinement, except Gilbert Forbes,
to go at large about the town, as the keeping of them shut
up in jail would have endangered their lives. The sheriff
had taken the two Youngs at his own house ; Roome
had his quarters in the jailer's apartments adjoining the jail ;
the others were at work in different places, some in har-
vest, and others at their respective trades as journeymen.
Mr. Mathews, during my absence, I understood had, agree-
able to his promise, strictly confined himself to Capt. Sea-
mour's house, in which I had left him. This change in
the prisoners' situation from that in which they were when
I left Litchfield, made the account I brought them of their
removal very unwelcome, and they now to a man solicited
as much to remain at Litchfield as they had before, to be
conveyed to some other place. The mayor was very de-
sirous indeed to remain at Litchfield, and urged as a reason
among many others, for his being left there ; that he was
not in very affluent circumstances, and he was apprehen-
sive that living at Hartford would be very expensive ; that
he boarded at Capt. Seamour's at a moderate rate ; that the
expenses of travelling were very high ; that he did not
know how long he would remain a prisoner ; and therefore
he was desirous to live at as little expense as possible; and
as the Convention had been pleased to order that he should
maintain himself at his own charge, he thought it not un-
reasonable that he should have liberty to live where he
would be at least expense ; that Capt Seamour would be
his security, and undertake to keep him safe in his own
house. Roome was equally anxious to remain at Litch-
field, and offered the same reasons. At length at the re-
quest of Capt. Seamour, and by consent of the commit-
tee of that place, I agreed to leave the above two gentle-
men in the custody of Capt. Seamour, who engaged to be
security for their safe custody, and to see them safe, at
their own expense, to the places respectively assigned
them by the Governor ; in case either the Governor or the
Convention, upon their being informed of what I had done,
disapproved of their remaining at Litchfield, for which pur-
pose I left in Capt. Seamour's hands Mr. Mathews's war-
rant of commitment, together with the above mentioned
letter to the sheriff of Hartford, to be delivered by him to
the said sheriff, in case the mayor should be ordered to
Hartford. As tlie two Youngs were likewise to live at
their own expense, the sheriff of Litchfield, at whose
house I found them, thought it not amiss that they be also
left, especially as they would be immediately under his
eye, and kept by him confined within the walls of his house.
unless when he, the sheriff, thought proper to let them take
a little air in the streets, when he would attend them him-
self. Upon this and with the approbation of the committee,
I agreed to leave the two Youngs also, upon the same con-
dition as above mentioned, that they repair to Norwich un-
der a guard at their own expense, in case the Governor or
Convention insisted on their removal, which the sheriff
promised me to see performed by them. I however di-
rected sheriff Lord to take bond from them in the penalty
of £500, to be executed by them and their brother Joseph,
who was expected at Litchfield the next day, with condi-
tion that they repair to Norwich as aforesaid, if ordered, as
soon as advised thereof ; that they in the mean time de-
mean themselves as good subjects of the States ; and lastly
that they strictly conform themselves to the directions of
the said sheriff as to their behaviour ; which bond I pre-
pared before I left Litchfield. As a further security I caus-
ed the Youngs to deposite into the hands of the sheriff all
the money they had with them, which I was told by the
sheriff amounted to about £200. Soon after this I set out
for Norwich with Nathan Gyre, Lazarus Gyre, James Ma-
son, Jonathan Baker, Thomas Coyne, John Clarke and
Thomas Vernon, under a guard of three men besides an
officer, but we had not proceded more than two miles from
the town of Litchfield, before I was under a necessity to
leave old Gyre upon the road so very sick that had I car
ried him a mile farther, the tolting of the wagon over such
rough and stony roads as we had to travel, would inevita-
bly have deprived him of what little life he had left ; the
other six I conveyed safe to Norwich, and delivered into
the custody of the sheriff of the county of New-London.
In my way down to Norwich I again called at the Gover-
nor's and acquainted him with my leaving the mayor,
Roome and the two Youngs at Litchfield ; he replied it
was very well, for his part he had no objections, provided,
the Convention of this State approved of it ; he added,
that the jails at Hartford and Norwich were small. Indeed
I found Hartford jail pretty full of prisoners, and Norwich
but barely large enough to contain the six I left there.
Upon my return again through Lebanon, the Governor
made out a new warrant for old Gyre to be kept in custody
of the sheriff of Litchfield, which was dehvered to the
said sheriff on my arrival there, and he accordingly took
charge of him ; so very ill, however, that it is more than
probable he is now dead. Before I left Litchfield the last
time, I discharged the sheriffs demands against the Con-
vention for the support of the prisoners up to August sixth,
for which I took his jailer's receipt. I have only to add that
the sheriff of New-London, begged I would request the
Convention of this State to send some money to Norwich
for the support of the six prisoners I left with him, as soon
as they conveniently could.
I am, gentn. with the utmost respect,
Your most obedient and very hum. servt.
A. W. D. PEYSTER.
To the Ilonble. the Convention
of the Stale of New-York.
[Letter from the Committee of Monmouth county.]
In Committee of Monmouth county, }
Freehold, jlugt. nth, 177(). i
Sir — We have received yours of the 26th ultimo, en-
closing the examination of Belthazer Dehart, and have
much reason to believe the contents truly stated.
It has been, and still continues, our misfortune that
many parts of this county are exceedingly uifcsted with
torics of the most inveterate disposition, owing, we sus-
pect, in a great measure to the malign influence of our late
Attorney-General and his execrable junto.
The township of Shrewsbury, from tlie bad disposition
of a great proportion of its inhabitants— from its vicinity
to the shore, and consequent aptitude for dealing and cor-
responding with the enemy ; and all this under the patron-
age of such a committee, as you may justly suppose a dis-
272
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
affecled majority would naturally constitute, must natu-
rally oflfer itself as an asylum to refugee tories from any
other quarter ; and hence you will easily account for so
many disairecled persons from your city having seated
themselves here, who, (by means of a kind of stage or post
established between that town and New- York,) have, we
fear, given the enemy intelligence of all your measures,
and may perhaps continue to do so if passes from that
committee are permitted at or near your city.
We have the pleasure to inform you, that having had a
notification of almost every article contained in Mr. De-
harl's examination, we had, previous to the receipt of your
letter, entered fully into the aflfair, and taken such steps as
we hope will cut off the communication with the enemy,
bring some offenders to justice and perhaps return you
some of your late inhabitants.
Particularly, a guard had been already posted, by order
of General Mercer, upon the whole Shrewsbury and Mid-
dlelown shores, who have orders to seize and detain all the
craft belonging to said shores, and to apprehend every sus-
picious person who may be found within llieir respective
districts.
There had been also apprehended a number of the in-
habitants of Shrewsbury, against whom proofs of disaffec-
tion were proffered ; some of whom we have bound in
heavy bonds, and another, a person of first property in the
town, is now under confinement, and we expect will take his
trial upon the treason act as soon as our new Legislature
shall be established.
Persons, by order of our Convention, and under the ap-
pointment of this committee, have inventoried and appraised
a number of estates in that and our other townships, which
lately belonged to a set of refugees, who, finding the county
too hot for them, have fled and joined the Ministerial army,
which wicked and traitorous step some scores of our inhabi-
tants have taken, though they were chiefly persons of the
most abandoned characters and desperate fortunes.
We have cited the three persons mentioned in your letter
to have been at General Howe's camp, and although they
went by Colonel Taylor's permission, who granted them a
flag, yet as they had not been qualified, we have put them
under oath, but have not been able to make any very im-
portant discoveries.
Not choosing to trust the business to the town commit-
tee, for reasons before hinted, we had also, before the re-
ceipt of your favour, constituted a sub-committee from our
own body, who were authorized to cite every inhabitant of
New-York, then within the township of Shrewsbury, to
appear before them and shew cause why they should not
be immediately removed to whence they came, agreeable
to a late requisition from your State, and an express ordi-
nance of our own, respecting persons deserting the places
of their abode, when in danger of being attacked ; who
have cited them accordingly, and given them to the 24th
inst. to procure, if practicable, from New-York such cer-
tificates as may satisfy the friends of freedom here.
A number of armed vessels have frequently been for
days together at anchor and hovering near our coast, and
we doubt not have had frequent intercourse with and re-
ceived some supplies from the disaffected in this county.
But they have not as yet been able to effect any thing to
purpose. And as our guards are now on the spot, and we
have given peremptory orders that all the stock be imme-
diately driven from all the beaches and adjacent meadows,
we flatter ourselves the enemy will be disappointed in any
future attempt they may make to procure provisions.
Our maritime situation, (at the same time that it has
been favourable to the pernicious designs of our inveterate
enemies,) has subjected the committee of this county to
almost incredible difficulties from the beginning of these
troubles ; and we believe we may justly say we have spent
more time, and undergone more vexation and fatigue than
any other committee in this State, as on every extraordi- 1
nary occasion our members were to be convened from an
extent of 70 or 80 miles.
However, blessed be God, we hope we have almost
completed a victory over them, and we humbly confide in
His Almighty aid for a universal conquest over every other
enemy to American freedom.
We heartily thank you for your friendly communication
and shall with the utmost cheerfulnestt concur with you in
every measure for the public safety.
And now that the same Allwise Director and Powerful
Supporterof truecivilandreligiousliberty mayblcsslhe Con-
vention of the State of New-York with unanimity, wisdom
and fortitude, in the arduous task assigned them, and that
they may speedily obtain the desirable end of all their pa-
triotic exertions, is in sincerity and truth the most ardent
wish of their friends, brethren and humble servants.
The committee of Monmouth county.
Signed by order, JOHN HOLMES, Chairman.
To the President of the Convention
of the Slate of New- York.
[Letter from General Washington, relative to the city of New- York.]
Head-Quabters, >
Neio-York, Jlug. 23d, 1776. J
Gentlemen — I am favoured with yours of the 22d, ac-
quainting me with a report now circulating, " that if the
American army should be obliged to retreat from this city,
any individual may set it on fire."
I can assure you, gentlemen, this report is not founded
upon the least authority from me. On the other hand, I
am so sensible of the value of such a city, and the con.se-
quences of its destruction to many worthy citizens and
their families, that nothing but the last necessity, and that
such as should justify me to the whole world, would induce
me to give orders for that purpose.
The unwillingness shewn by many families to remove,
notwithstanding your and my recommendation, may, per-
haps, have led some persons to propagate the report with
honest and innocent intentions ; but as your letter first in-
formed me of it, I can not pretend to say by whom, or for
what purpose, it has been done. As my views with regard to
the removal of the women and children have happily co-
incided with your sentiments, and a committee appointed
to carry them into execution, I submit it to your judgment
whether it would not be proper for the committee to meet
immediately in this city, and give notice of their attendance
on this business. There are many who anxiously wish to
remove, but have not the means.
I am with much respect and regard.
Gentlemen, your most obed. and
very hble. serv.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Hon. the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from the committee of Cumberland county.]
Province of New-York, )
Cumberland County, )
To the Honourable Gentlemen of the Provincial Congress
of this Province :
Upon the handbills from you, sent to us, purporting the
expediency of instituting civil government according to the
exigencies of the county, the major part of whom have
agreed thereto, and elected their delegates and empowered
them, with their authority, to agree with you in forming a
mode of government independent of the crown, in the most
mild, just and equitable manner possible, for the regulating
their internal police, and the preservation of the rights,
liberties and property of the people ; all which subjected,
nevertheless, to those regulations, conditions and restraints
herewith transmitted you by the hands of the Delegates of
this county ; to all which they are by their constituents in
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
273
ihe premises, limited and restrained in such manner, that
if they break over and violate those sacred instructions
herewith sent you in behalf of us and our constituents, in
matters of such infinite importance and delicacy, the coun-
ty committee declare, in behalf of the free, patriotic peo-
ple thereof, that they mean to, and hereby do, reserve to
themselves the full liberty of an absolute disavowance
thereof, and of every clause, article and paragraph of such
an institution.
Also, it is hereby acceded to and fully meant and intend-
ed by the good people of the county, that they, notwith-
standing this compliance with the requisition of the said
handbills above mentioned, so directed to us for the pur-
poses aforesaid, have fully and absolutely reserved to them-
selves and their heirs, &c. the full liberty of pursuing their
former petition in behalf of the people included and spe-
cified therein some years ago, and referred to the great and
General Assembly of the ancient, ever respectable, and most
patriotic government of the Massachusetts Bay province,
that the whole district described in said petition may be
hereafter reunited to that province ; and reserving to them-
selves also their right of offering their pleas, arguments
and proofs in full to induce to a reunion thereof to that an-
cient jurisdiction for those important reasons to be adduced
when, where, and before whom the parties concerned shall
be admitted to offer the same, as in duty bound, shall ever
pray. The whole whereof, so as aforesaid, to you, ever
respectable gentlemen, submitted with due congratulation of
all the good people of said county.
Per order of the county committee.
JAMES CLAY, Chairman
of said Committee.
Copy compared with the original, )
and extracted therefrom. >
Attest. Elkh. Day, Clerk for said Committee.
Dated Westminster, June 2Ut, A. D. 1776.
Protests instantly entered by Elkanah Day, John Bridg-
man, Esq. and John Norton.
Test. Elkh. Day,
Clerk to said Committee.
[Letter from General WoodhuU, relative to reinforcements, &c.]
Jamaica, August 27, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am now at Jamaica with less than one
hundred men ; having brought all the cattle from the west-
ward southward of the hills, and have sent tliem off with
the troops of horse, with orders to take all the rest east-
ward of this place to and eastward of Hempstead plains,
and to put them into the fields, and set a guard over them.
The enemy I am informed are intrenching from the heights
near Howard's, southward. I have now received yours,
with several resolutions, which I wish was in my power to
put in execution ; but, unless Cols. Smith and Remsen,
mentioned in yours, join me with their regiments, or some
other assistance, immediately, I shall not be able ; for the
people are all moving cast, and I can not get any assistance
from them. I shall continue here as long as I can, in hopes
of a reinforcement ; but if none comes soon, I shall retreat,
and drive the stock before me, into the woods. Cols. Smith
and Remsen I think can not join me. Unless you can send
me some other assistance, I fear I shall soon be obliged to
quit this place. 1 hope soon to hear from you.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servt.
NATHL. WOODHULL.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York, at Harlem.
[Report of committee appointed to confer with Genl. Wasliington as to
measures of defence on Long island.]
August 2f>th, 177C.
Your committee, ordered to wait on General Washing-
ton with a request from this Convention that he would be
[Vol. ii.J 69
pleased to order Col. Smith and Remsen's regiments, that
are now in General Greene's lines at Brookland, into the
western part of Queens county, to join General Woodhull,
with that part of his brigade that has been lately ordered
out from the western part of Suffolk and Queens counties
by this Convention, and to confer with him on the propriety
of our calling out the militia under General Morris, and
whether it would be necessary for the Convention to order
out any more of the militia, and where, do report :
That according to order they waited on His Excellency,
and conferred with him on the subjects above mentioned,
and that he seemed well pleased, but he said he was afraid
it was too late. Your committee told him the Convention
had sent an express to General Woodhull on Saturday
morning to embody one-half of the western regiment of
Suffolk, and all the remaining part of the militia of Queens,
and march to the high ground on the western part of said
county ; but as the said Convention was apprehensive that
General Woodhull would not have a sufficient force to
drive off the stock and repel the ravaging parties of the
enemy, thought it most conducive to the public weal that
the regiments above mentioned should be applied for, that
he might thereby be enabled more effectually to carry the
resolves of Convention into execution. Upon which. Ge-
neral Washington appeared well satisfied with the pro-
ceedings of the Convention, and said that he should at all
times, when he had it in his power, be ready to give them
any assistance consistent with the public good ; and that
he would immediately give orders that Col. Smith's and
Remsen's regiments should march into Queens county to
join General Woodhull ; and as to calling out any more of
the militia, he asked what time we thought it would take to
have the militia of Westchester county embodied. We
told him we thought at least four or five days. Upon which
he made no further reply.
Your committee do further report, it was the General's
opinion that our commissary should continue to supply the
troops under Brigadier-General Woodhull, and that he con-
sult with the Commissary-General that they might not in-
terfere with one another in purchasing provisions.
SAML. TOWNSEND,
WM. SMITH.
[A letter from General Woodhull.]
West end of Queens county, August 27th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed I send you a copy of a letter
from Col. Potter, who left me yesterday at eleven o'clock,
after bringing about one hundred men to me at Jamaica.
Major Smith has, I expect, all the rest that was to come
from Suffolk county. There has about forty of the militia
joined me from the regiments in Queens county, and about
fifty of the troop belonging to Kings and Queens counties,
which is near all I expect. I have got all the cattle south-
ward of the hills in Kings county, drove to the eastward of
the cross-road between the two counties, and have placed
guards and sentries from the north road to the south side
of the island, in order to prevent the cattle going back and
to prevent the communication of the lories with the enemy.
I am within about six miles of the enemy's camp. Tiieir
lighthorse has been within two miles, and unless I have
more men our stay here will answer no purpose. We shall
soon want to be supplied with provisions if we tarry here.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient luunble servt.
NATHL. WOODHULL.
[Letter to General Washington relative to the removing the stock and
grain from Long island.]
Wednesday Morning, August 28lh, 1776.
Sir — I am commanded by the Convention to enclose to
your Excellency the copy of a letter they received last
evening from Genl. Woodhull. The Convention arc of
opinion that the enemy may bo prevented from gelling the
stock and grain on Long island, if the regiments under the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
274
command of Col. Smith and Col. Rcmscn be sent to join
Genl. Woodlnill. Tliat this junction may be effected, and
how, Major Lawrence (who is a member of this Conven-
tion and the bearer hereof) will inform your Excellency.
I have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect,
Your Excellency's most obedt. and most hum. servt.
His Excellency Genl. Washington.
[A letter to Delegates in Continental Congress.]
Harlem, 28th August, 1776.
Gent. — The Convention of this State consider the for-
tification of Hudson's river, and the obstructing its passage
in the Highlands, as an object of the last importance, and
have reason to believe that the Congress view it in the
same light. They have appointed a committee to superin-
tend that work, who inform them that they are greatly de-
layed for the want of smiths, unless they may be permitted
to employ those that are now engaged in building the Con-
tinental frigates at Poughkecpsie ; which, therefore, they
desire you immediately to request of them. The Conven-
tion hope that you will succeed in your application, since
the finishing the ships is of far inferior importance to the
security of the river ; and even were it otherwise in itself,
it must doubtless be so now, when the former will, in ail
probability, depend upon the latter. They beg that you
will urge this matter as soon as possible, since you need
not be informed that delay will work the same effect as a
refusal.
I have the honour to be. gent.
Your most obedt. humble servant.
To the Delegates of the State of New- York at Congress.
[Letter from General Woodhull, at Jamaica.]
Jamaica, jlugust 2S, 1776.
Gentlemen — I wrote two letters to you yesterday, one
by express, and another by Mr. Harper ; and also sent
my brigade-major to you to let you know my situation, and
I expected an answer to some of them last night ; but my
express informed me he was detained till last night for an
answer. I have now received yours of the 28lh, which is
only a copy of the last, without a single word of answer to
my letters, or the message by my brigade-major. I must
again let you know my situation. I have about seventy
men, and about twenty of the troop, which is all the force
I have or can expect, and I am daily growing less in num-
ber. The people are so alarmed in Suffolk that they will
not any more of them march ; and as to Colonels Smith
and Remsen's regiments, they cannot join me, for the com-
munication is cut off between us. I have sent about eleven
hundred cattle to the great fields on the plains yesterday,
about three hundred more gone off this morning to the
same place ; and I have ordered a guard of an officer and
seven privates. They can get no water in these fields.
My men and horses are worn out with fatigue. The cat-
tle are not all gone off toward Hempstead ; I ordered them
yesterday, but they were not able to take them along. I
brought yesterday about three hundred from Newtown.
I think the cattle are in as much danger on the north as the
south side, and have ordered the inhabitants to remove
them. If you cannot send me an immediate reinforcement
I am
Litchfield, i2th August, 1776.
Dear Sally — I received yours by Mr. Chapman, who
was so kind as to come and see me, and I never was more
rejoiced to see a friend; he being the only person I have
seen since my arrival here that I had seen before. I shall
always esteem him for his great goodness. He stayed
with me the greatest part of the day, although the commit-
tee here wanted to have sent him away immediately, and
if I had not told them I would leave their town instantly if
I was denied the pleasure of conversing with a friend, they
would liavc taken him away. He has given me an invita-
tion to his house at Stratford, and 1 have wrote to the Con-
gress for leave to reside there, but do not expect they will
comply with it, as they do not seem inclined to deal by
me as I would wish to deal with all men. I was extremely
glad to hear that you and children were well, and that Mr.
Chapman had seen you.
When I first came to this place I was very much dis-
satisfied, and wrote to the Congress that they had fixed me
in a place where J never could hear from my family, and
that I was also deceived in my expectations ; for I was
told by some of the Congress that on my arrival here I was
to be indulged with my liberty as far as the town extended.
The letter was addressed to Gouverneur Morris. On their
receipt of that letter, they were pleased to deliver me over
to the Governor of this Colony, to whom they sent Mr. De
Peyster for orders what was to be done with me. On Mr.
De Peyster's arrival here from the Governor, and shewing
me the enclosed commitment, I found that I had no favours
to expect from the Congress, I therefore prevailed on him
to let me remain here until he could go back to the Gover-
nor and get his consent for that purpose, and this day he
returned with the Governor's leave for me to remain here.
Mr. De Peyster has behaved to me like a gentleman and
a Christian ; and I beg, if ever you meet with him you will
shew him every civility, and recommend him to all my
friends. He has done more than I could have expected ;
may God reward him. Ever since my arrival here I have
been at the house of Captain Moses Seymour, who, toge-
ther with his wife, have behaved in the most genteel, kind
manner, and have done every thing in their power to make
my time as agreeable as possible. They have nothing of
the Yankee about them. He is a fine merry fellow, and
she is a warm Protestant ; and if it were not that the
thoughts of home were continually in my mind, I might be
happy with my good landlord and his family, to whom I
wish you could send some tea, if it were possible, as there
is none to be bought here.
I have sent you the enclosed commitment in order that
you may forward it by the first opportunity, to let some
folks see how I am treated, and that the very thing which
the Congress complained of as a grievance, which was that
of sending persons abroad for trial, is now put in execu-
tion by themselves.
Tell my good friend Mr. Bache, I received his letter by
the hands of Mr. Sheldon, who desired to know the con-
tents, which being read to him, he took up his bed and
walked, and I never expect to see him again. I only men-
tion this for his diversion, for I am under the same obliga-
tions to him ; but he little knows how times have altered
men here, for if he had wrote in favour of the angel Ga-
briel, it would have been the same thing. If I should be
so happy as to get to Stratford I shall immediately let you
know of it. Give my love to Messrs. Bache, Sherry and
Courtlandt, and their wives. Kiss all the children for me,
and be of good cheer, for I hope my deliverance is at hand.
I am, dear Sally, your affectionate
D. xMATHEWS.
The Congress were much afraid I should run away if I
had my liberty ; but this good man with whom I lodge,
and who never heard of me before, has such an opinion of
me, that he has wrote to them he will be answerable for
me whenever they shall call for me. A prophet has no
honour in his own country. It is possible times may
change.
Litchfield, August mh, 1776.
SiR_Upon the second arrival of Mr. De Peyster here,
Messrs. Mathews and Rome, upon finding they could not
be suffered to be nearer home, w^ere so desirous of remain-
ing prisoners in this town, that I prevailed upon Mr. De
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
275
Peyster to consent to leave them in my custody, pro-
vided our committee had no objection, and it should not be
disapproved of by Governor Trumbull. The committee's
consent was accordingly obtained before Mr. De Peyster
left town with the other prisoner ; and since his return
from Lebanon, he told me the Governor has no objection
to their remaining here. For the satisfaction, therefore,
of the Honourable Convention of your State, I take this
opportunity to assure you, sir, that I shall keep the above
mentioned gentlemen safe, within certain limits, in this
town, under my particular direction, and shall either sur-
render them to the respective places assigned by Governor
Trumbull, at any time whenever your Honourable Conven-
tion demand their appearance, either before them or before
any other court, have them forthcoming and ready to be
delivered into the custody of such person as shall be sent
for them by the said Convention. I hope, sir, what I have
done will meet with your approbation, and the approbation
of the other members of your House, who, I suppose,
meant no more by sending the above gentlemen into Con-
necticut, than their being put into safe custody and a dis-
tance from New- York, the present seat of war.
I am, sir, your humb. sevt.
MOSES SEYMOUR,
To Nathl. Woodhull, Esqr.
To the Keeper of the common jail in Hartford, in the
county of Hartford, Greeting :
Whereas, David Matthews, Esqr. of the city, county
and State of New- York, is sent into this government by the
Provincial Convention of the Representatives of the said State
of New-York, being accused in that State, of treasonable
practices against the States of America, with request that
he .may be safely kept and confined in this State until
he may be brought to trial for said crime, which, from the
particular circumstances of said State of New-York, can
not at present be done.
These are, therefore, in the name of the Governor and
Company of the Stale of Connecticut, to command and re-
quire you tu receive the said David Mathews, Esqr. of the
hands of Abraham De Peyster, Esqr. of said State of New-
York, within said prison, and him safely to keep, until de-
livered in due course of law. Hereof you may not fail.
Dated in Lebanon, the first day of August, Anno Dom.
1776.
(Signed) JONTH. TRUMBULL, Govr.
[A letter from D. Mathews.]
Litchfield, August 12th, 1776.
Sir — I did myself the honour of addressing you by let-
ter when I was brought to the White Plains, and have
since taken the liberty of writing to Mr. Morris, relative to
my treatment, the answer to both which letters I now en-
close you ; it being a commitment issued by Mr. Trum-
bull. If this is to be my treatment, the Lord deliver me.
I have been a Crown officer upwards of twenty years, and
was chief magistrate of the city of New-York, and a sub-
ject of the King of Great Britain, when I was taken, (in-
dependence not being then declared.) And I am taught to
believe that my rank was equal to any prisoner taken by
the King's troops during this unhappy contest; and I believe
you will not find such a commitment issued against any one
of them that sustained the character of a gentleman. I had
some hopes that the acquaintance you had in the family,
would at least have obtained me the treatment of a gentle-
man. But it seems I have nothing to expect but what is
due to the worst of felons. And had it not been for the
kind interposition of Mr. De Peyster, (for whom I shall
ever entertain the highest esteem,) I should, in all proba-
bility, have been in the land of spirits ere this.
It amazes me to think that the State of New-York should
send me to be dealt with as Mr. Trumbull should tiiink
proper. I was in hopes, after independence was declared
that nothing savouring of the extension of that ancient sta-
tute, so justly complained of, would have found the least
footing in America. I conceive I was as much entitled to
bail in the State of New-York, as Mr. Sayre lately was in
London, for I believe his crime and mine, and the wit-
nesses to prove them, were much alike. I offered any se-
curity ; even some of the warmest whigs would have been
bail for my appearance, whenever demanded. But it seems
prison was the word, and every commitment sticks close
to it. I assure you, sir, if I could have entertained the
least idea of receiving the treatment I have received, I
should have embraced the opportunity of giving that kind
of bail which is commonly called leg bail, which I had fre-
quent opportunities of doing after I was seized. But as I
never could reconcile it to myself either to leave my family
or join the King's army, and knowing at the same time that
my departure would give my enemies every advantage they
wished for, I rejected every proposal of that kind, in full
expectation that I should be done by as those gentlemen
would wish to be done by, were they so unfortunate as to
be taken prisoners. But it seems I expected too much, I
have only now to make myself as contented as possible, for
it would seem that I am fixed here for life, as I am only
to be delivered by due course of law. I should not have
troubled you, sir, with another letter, had I not been re-
quested to inform you of my treatment, and as this will be
the last I shall presume to trouble you with, I shall ask one
favour, which is, that if I am not suff'ered to go to my fa-
mily I may be permitted to reside at Stratford, on giving
security, (for my word of honour, it seems, is of no vali-
dity in my own State,) to remain there, as I have some
friends there who would accommodate me with the com-
forts of life, and I might there have an opportunity of seeing
Mrs. Mathews. If this is thought unreasonable, I shall say
no more about it, and shall still remain one of those who
wish that America may never lose her liberties, nor her
sons meet with oppression. And, sir,
Your very humble servt.
D. MATHEWS.
General Woodhull.
[A letter to Governor Trumbull, relative to the disaffected imprisoned
in Connecticut.]
Wednesday Morning, Jlug. 28th, 1776.
Sir — The Convention direct me to return your Honour
their sincere thanks for the attention you have been pleased
to pay to the prisoners we have been under the necessity
of sending into your State. We now take the liberty of
enclosing to your Honour, the copy of an intercepted letter
from David Matthews, Esqr. to his wife, from which it ap-
pears that he deeply resents the treatment he received from
the Convention. It is with the utmost regret that wc feel
ourselves reduced to the necessity of requesting your Ho-
nour to secure that gentleman in such manner as to prevent
his escape and all improper correspondence. The troub-
ling you with our prisoners, is a matter for which necessity
alone can apologize.
This State has suflered so much from disafTected per-
sons, that a greater degree of severity towards them would
be justifiable, especially as all lenity hath been by them
attributed to fear. Yet notwithstanding such iiigh provo-
cation, we have in no one instance invaded the rights of
humanity. It might therefore be expected that we should
be surprised to see such a designed misrepresentation of
our conduct, but nothing of this kind is new. The crime
which Mr. Matthews stands charged with is no less than
treason against the rights of America, and yet, it seems he
considers his confinement as unjust. Wc arc confident,
sir, that in committing him to prison you will avoid every
circumstance of unnecessary rigour, but the instance we en-
close you, of his unfriendly intentions, demand that great
care should be taken to prevent the character of tliese
276
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
States from being unjustly stigmatized by such wilful mis
representation.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedt, &c.
Governor Trumbull.
[A leUer from Col. Drake, stating his measures for the defence of West-
chester shore against the depredations of British ships of war.J
Netv-Rochel, Aug. 28th, 1776.
Sm — I received the resolve of the Committee of Safely
yesterday, enclosed to me by John McKesson, Esq. Pur-
suant to my directions, I have ordered a proper guard from
Rye neck to Rodman's neck, of the militia of this county.
Col. Graham's regiment is at present stationed on Frog's
neck. The enemy lay yesterday, and all last night, by
Hart island ; this morning they removed a little to the
southward of Miniford's island where they at present lie.
They have not been able to plunder much ; they got from
Miniford's island four horned cattle and some poultry,
which is all we have been able to learn they have plun-
dered. I immediately sent Capt. Hunt, with about 50
men from New-Rochel, who with the help of a part of
Col. Graham's regiment drove off all the cattle from the
island, to the amount of 30 odd head. Should be glad to
be informed if Col. Graham's regiment is to remain on
Frog's neck ; if that is not improper it will be a very great
ease to the county at this season, especially as it will take
almost all the militia to guard the whole. I conceive it
will take nigh half of my regiment to guard from Rodman's
point to the snuff mills. Col. Budd is to send one hun-
dred men, and to guard from there to Rye neck. I find
it very difficult for the men to provide five day's provisions
at this time of the year, therefore I thought it proper to
appoint Theodosius Bartow commissary for the time being.
I am apprehensive if we ever should come to an engage-
ment with the enemy, w'e should be in great want of pow-
der, as we have not above 6 rounds a man for all the mi-
litia. You may rely on my utmost vigilance to frustrate
the intentions of the enemy in all their motions while
here.
From your very humble servt.
JOSEPH DRAKE.
The President of the Convention for the State of New- York.
[A letter to the Committee of Connecticut, requesting their assistance
to remove the stock from Long island. ]
Wednesday Morning, Aug. 2Sth, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Convention of the State of New- York
are under the melancholy necessity of calling again upon
their sister States for their assistance in a matter in which
not only they, but the whole Continent are interested.
The enemy who have landed upon Long island will, we
fear, have it in their power shortly to possess themselves
of the whole slock (which amounts to between 80 and
100,000 head of cattle and as many sheep.) As our forces
are confined to their lines, these articles will doubtless be
of the greatest use to the enemy ; for the want of some of
ihem we know they are already distressed. We must
therefore request you immediately to afford all the assis-
tance in your power to forward the removal of the stock
from the island, and to provide for them in your State till
some further direction can be given with respect to them,
and to lend your aid to such of the inhabitants as may wish
to remove. The importance of these objects need not be
enlarged upon, nor need any arguments be urged to induce
you to every necessary exertion.
The readiness and public spirit which the committees
in Connecticut have ever shewn in carrying into execution
all measures of public utility, leave us no room to doubt
but that they will exert themselves on this occasion, which
is of the utmost importance to the general cause of Ame-
rica.
To the Chairmen of Stonington, New-London,
Groton, Lyme, Seabrook, Guilford, New-
Haven, Miiford. Stafford, Fairtield, Nor-
walk, Stamford, Horseneck, and the several
Committees in the State of Connecticut, who
are desired to forward the same.
[A letter to Governor Trumbull, on the subject of removing the stock
irom Long island.]
Harlem, Wednesday Morning, Aug. 2Hth, 1776.
Sir — Enclosed you have a copy of a letter which the
Convention of this Slate have directed to several of the
Committees of your Stale, requesting their assistance in
removing the inhabitants and stock from Long island. The
Convention are sensible that the first application should
have been to your Excellency, but necessity has obliged
them to dispense with form, which they doubt not you
will consider as a sufficient apology. The militia of Long
island, are for the most part shut up within the lines, so
that nothing can be done for its defence without your as-
sistance.
This Convention therefore find themselves under a ne-
cessity of applying to your E.xcellency for 1000 men, or
any greater force which can be speedily obtained, who
they conceive may greatly contribute to the security of the
island, and at the same time in some measure cooperate
with our army in the lines, or at least greatly weaken the
attack of the enemy.
I have the honour to be, yours &c.
To His Excellency Gov. Trumbull, Governor
of the State of Connecticut.
[N. Covenhoven's information of the conduct of the British on Long.
island.]
Harlem, 28th Aug. 1776.
Examination of Nicholas Covenhoven.
Left Long island on Sunday morning ; came last from
Wilhelmus Stothoof's island. On the day the enemy land-
ed, as he was returning from the lines, he was taken by a
party of the enemy ; they treated him roughly ; took from
him his sword and cockade, and carried him to Head-Quar-
ters ; was politely received by Gen. Howe, who asked him
if he would stay at home and send his produce, which he
promised to do. He understood from the oflicers, that 8,000
men had landed the first day. They sent for him the se-
cond time on the same day ; ordered him to get fowls &c. ;
under pretence of which he went off ; got a horse and went
to Gen. Washington ; asked him what part he should take,
who directed him to go back, and he was to collect informa-
tion and send it to Gen. Washington ; which he did, and
got back without being missed ; they never questioned him
further.
He afterwards met with some Hessians, who took him
with them to get cows, and agreed among themselves to
put him to death after he had shewn them the cows, as
they were forbid to kill cattle ; they spoke this in the Hes-
sian language ; showed them a cow and he left them ; most
of the stock had been driven off before. He then went to
the Flatlands, where were many regulars ; saw Gov. Try-
on, but did not speak to him ; Generals Howe, Clinton and
Picket, were on the island ; the enemy were joined by a
few people from the island ; saw many people from Sta-
ten island not armed ; left it on Sunday, with design to
come to Congress ; when got to McGowen was arrested ;
does not think it safe Congress should continue here ; they
talked in the camp of landing above this ; the party that
carried him to Gen. Howe, carried also his sword and cock-
ade, but it was not noticed by the General. Heard at the
Flatlands that 1 7 sail of transports were gone round in or-
der to land at Morrisiana. The enemy proposed to attack
the lines the day after they landed, but were repulsed ; 17
Hessians killed.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
277
Long island, Jug. 2&th, 1776.
Sir — I was just now honoured with your favour of this
date, with Gen. Woodhull's letter, and should esteem my-
self happy were it in my power to afford the assistance re-
quired ; but the enemy having landed a considerable part
of their force here, and at the same lime may have re-
served some to attack New-York, it is the opinion, not
only of myself, but of all my general officers I have had
an opportunity of consulting with, that the men we have
are not more than competent to the defence of these lines,
and the several posts which must be defended. This rea-
son, and this only, prevents my complying with your re-
quest. I shall beg leave to mention in confidence, that a
few days ago, upon the enemy's first landing here, I wrote
to Governor Trumbull, recommending him to throw over a
body of a thousand men on the island to annoy the enemy
in their rear, if the slate of the Colony would admit of it.
"Whether it will be done I can not determine. That Colo-
ny having furnished a large proportion of men, I was, and
still am doubtful whether it could be done. If it could, I
am satisfied it will, from the zeal and readiness they have
ever shewn to give every possible succour. I am hopeful
they will be in a condition to do it, and if they are, those
troops 1 doubt not will be ready and willing to give Gen.
WoodhuU any assistance he may want. But can not the
militia effect what he wishes to do ? They, I believe, must
be depended on in the present instance for relief.
I have the honour to be, in great haste, sir,
Your most obedt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Hon. Abraham Yates.
[A letter from P. T. Curtenius.]
Harlem, Jug. 28, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am in advance on account of the Con-
vention above four thousand pounds, and have engaged
clothing and other articles to the amount of at least as much
more. Should be glad this Honourable House would be
pleased to give me an order on the Treasurer for ten thou-
sand pounds, that I may be enabled to make good my en-
gagements.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obdt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. -S. Mr. Roosevelt has about £2800, which he told
me I could have, if the Convention would give me an order
on him.
List of articles which I have contracted for, and have in store, viz :
1500 pair buckskin breeches, at Pliiladelphia.
3000 shirts, do.
200 doz. Germantown stockings, do.
The last article something doubtful, whether the whole quantity
will be got.
1000 yards linen, given out to be made into shirts at Hackensack.
4.") pieces osnaburgs, at old Mr. Paulding's ; about 3000 yards may do
to make shirts.
1,50 pair leather breeches in my store.
600 pair shoes, in my store, and can get about 2000 pair more.
348 dressed deerskins at Hackensack.
About 500 pair buckskin breeches engaged in different parts of the
country, and believe I can get more at Bethlehem.
[A letter to General Washington.]
Harlem, Mlh Augt. 1776.
I am directed to inform your Excellency that imme-
diately upon the receipt of your favour of this morning
respecting the women, children and infirm persons remain-
ing in the city of New-York, the Convention appointed
a cotnmittee for the purpose of removing and providing for
such persons.
I enclose you a copy of the resolves for that ptnposo,
and hope yon will soon be relieved from the anxioly which
their coiilinuance in town has occ;isioncd. And have the
honour to be, with very great respect,
Your most obedt. humble servant.
To Gf.mf.ral Washington.
[Vol. ii.J 70
[Letter from His Excellency Genl. Washington.]
Head-Quarters, New- York, ?
Jug. 17th, 1776. 5
Gentlemen — When I consider that the city of New-
York will in all human probability, very soon be the scene
of a bloody conflict, I can not but view the great numbers
of women, children and infirm persons remaining in it with
the most melancholy concern. When the men of war
passed up the river, the shrieks and cries of these poor
creatures, running every way with their children, was truly
distressing ; and I fear will have an unhappy effect on ihe
ears and minds of our young and inexperienced soldiery.
Can no method be devised for their removal ? Many doubt-
less are of ability to remove themselves, but there are
others in a different situation. Some provision for them
afterwards would also be a necessary consideration. It
would relieve me from great anxiety if your Honourable
Body would immediately deliberate upon it, and form and
execute some plan for their removal and relief, in which I
will cooperate and assist to the utmost of my power. In
the meantime I have thought it proper to recommend to
persons under the above description, to convey themselves
without delay to some place of safety, with their most
valuable effects.
I have the honour to be, with much regard, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
(.Letter to His Excellency Gen. Washington, on the subject of obstruct-
ing the East river between Grand Battery and Governor's island.]
Jugust nth, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Denning hath made the Convention acquaint-
ed with your Excellency's sentiments upon obstructing the
navigation of the East river between the Grand Battery
and Governor's island. We now take the liberty of en-
closing the copy of our resolutions for that purpose, which,
together with this letter, will be handed to your E.xcellency
by the gentlemen of the commillee, to whom we make no
doubt, sir, that you will afford every assistance in your
power.
I have the honour to be, &c.
To Genl. Washington.
[Letter from Messrs. Cuyler and Gansevoort, informing Mr. WoodhuU
that they have been to Ticonderoga.]
Jlbany, Jugust 9th, 1776.
Sir — On Sunday the 27th of July, about 10 o'clock in
the forenoon, we received your letter covering two resolu-
tions and a letter to Major-General Gates, and at about two
in the afternoon we set out for Ticonderoga, in obedience
to your requisition ; from whence we returned last night,
and now by express transmit you the enclosed papers.
The General has been so very particular with respect to
some matters, that it would be trespassing on your patience
to repeal them. The letter from the General and the pa-
pers therein referred to, will give full and explicit idea of
the state of our army in that quarter and their operations.
You will find among the papers, a list of the vessels now
lying at Crown Point with one month's provision on board;
and they propose by the middle of next week to proceed
down Lake Champlain to some narrow pass in the lake to
annoy the enemy, should they come out. And also another
list of those on the stocks and intended to be built, from
which you will be enabled to judge whether any and what
dependence can be made on that part of our defence. It
appears to us that the enemy will not be able to get a fleet
superior in number to ours, nor officers better skilled lo
command ihom than Brigadier-General Arnold and Com-
modore Wynkoop. We conceive, therefore, that the com-
mand of ilic lakes can not be taken from us this year, and
I hat ihc greatest dependence can be made upon ihal defence.
We are extremely happy to inform you, thai the mihappy
differences which have subsisted between the New-Eng-
land and southern troops arc more or less subsided, and
278
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
that there seems to be more harmony and concord between
them than there lias been from report ; but we are apt to
tlhtik thai it has been greatly exaggerated by persons who
perhaps would wish it to be so.
You will observe in the map the full extent of the old
French lines which are now repairing ; and we do assure
you, that from their appearance and the character of the
Pennsylvania and Jersey troops that aie stationed there,
we have the greatest expectations, that should the enemy
attempt to force them they will receive as bloody a repulse
as that of General Abercrombie, in the last war.
The fortifications on the heights of Mount Independence
is exceedingly well calculated, in our opinion ; but as we
can not be persuaded that the enemy will ever come up so
high to land as to come within the reach of a cannon shot
from that battery, we conceive it unnecessary to expatiate
on its utility.
Besides the redoubts marked out upon the map, there
are to be three others erected, one upon an eminence to
the northeast corner of the old French lines, and two be-
tween thai and the redoubt, marked old redoubt, being the
second from the fort. Their redoubts, together with those
marked out upon the plan or map, will, we conceive, be
sufficient to oppose the landing of the enemy at the place
the most advantageous for thcin, and indeed the only one
where it will be possible for them ever to effect it.
That we might inform ourselves of every thing that was
carried on above, we took our tour by the way of Lake
George, and returned by the way of Skenesborough; hence
we have received all the intelligence thai was to be obtained
at those posts and upon the communication; and it is with
great satisfaction we inform you that every thing flows
through a proper channel, and the whole well organized.
There is nothing so much wanted as medicines and artillery.
The want of the former is so great, that it is shocking to be-
hold the number of sick that die daily for the mere want of
that article; but as we suppose that Doct. Samuel Stringer
has been with you, and has given you a state of the hospi-
tal at Fort George, we shall say no more on that subject.
We enclose you copy of the examinations of two French
officers who were examined by Major-General Gates, and
sent down to this place, as also the examination of one
Lieut. Whitmore of our army, who has been out on a scout-
ing party ; from them you will collect all the intelligence
with respect to the movements of the enemy that is in our
power to communicate.
Major Bigelow, who went with the flag from General
Gates to St. Johns, not yet returned ; what detains him
we know not ; he has now been out twenty-two days.
We hear from the German Flats that General Schuyler
and Mr. Dow have not yet finished the treaty with the
Indians, and that there are between sixteen and seventeen
hundred Indians there. It is expected that they will finish
by Monday. That the Indians shew very friendly disposi-
tion, and extremely lament the perfidy of individuals who
have been so base as to take up the hatchet against their
American brethren. General Gates requested of us to for-
ward his despatches by our express, and to beg the Con-
vention to forward them without a moment's loss of time,
to Congress.
We are, sir, with the greatest respect.
Your most obdt. and most humb. servts.
JACOB CUYLER,
LEONARD GANSEVOORT.
iV. B. General Waterbury had about 1,200 men with
him at Skenesborough, and were daily coming in there
from every quarter from the eastward.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esq.
President of ttie Convention of New- York.
New-York, August Uth, 1776.
Gkntn. — I have no objection to your taking Willet Tay-
lor, Esqr's. parole or such other security as you may esteem
sufficient to prevent him from taking an unfriendly part
against the United Slates of America.
I am, gentn. your most obed. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Hon. Convention of New-York.
[Letter from Capt. Alexr. Hamilton.]
Gentlemen — It is necessary I should inform you that
there is at present a vacancy in my company, arising from
the promotion of Lieutenant Johnson to a captaincy in one
of the row-gallies, (which command, however, he has
since resigned, for a very particular reason.) As artillery
officers are scarce in proportion to the call for them, and
as myself and my remaining officers sustain an exlraoidi-
nary weight of duty on account of the present vacancy,
I shall esteem it a favour, if you will be pleased, as soon
as possible, to make up my deficiency by a new appoint-
ment. It would be productive of much inconvenince
should not the inferior officers succeed in course ; and
from this consideration, I doubt not you will think it pro-
per to advance Mr. Gilleland and Mr. Bean, and fill up
the third lieutenancy with some other person. I would
beg the liberty, warmly to recommend to your atlenlion,
Thomas Thompson, now first sergeant in my company ;
a man highly deserving of notice and preferment. He
has discharged his duty in his present station with uncom-
mon fidelity, assiduity and experlness. He is a very good
disciplinarian, possesses the advantage of having seen a
good deal of service in Germany ; has a tolerable share of
common sense, and is well calculated not to disgrace the
rank of an officer and gentleman. In a word, I verily be-
lieve he will make an excellent lieutenant, and his advance-
ment will be a great encouragem.ent and benefit to my
company in particular, and will be an animating example
to all men of merit to whose knowledge it comes.
Myself and my officers will be much obliged to the
Honourable Convention, to favour us with our commis-
sions with all convenient speed, as they may be highly re-
quisite under some circumstances, that may possibly here-
after arise. I am with the utmost respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient and most humble servant,
A. HAMILTON,
Captain of N. Y. Artillery.
Augt. mh, 1776.
The Honourable the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[A letter from the committee at Kingston, informing that they have
new difficulties about the prisoners of war.]
Committee Chamber, ?
Kingston, 2Ath Augt. 1776. \
Sir — The report of the committee appointed by the
Representatives of the State of New-York in Convention,
at Harlem, together with your letter, &c. we this day re-
ceived, by which we find that the prisoners now at King-
ston are to be removed to Morris Town, and that the old
parols are to be cancelled, &c. : but we beg leave to re-
mark, that although we would be very glad to be rid of
these guests, we are apprehensive it will be difficult to get
them removed, because they are not able, and we
suppose, not willing, to pay the cost of their remo-
val ; nor can we see how it is possible for us to cancel their
old paiols, as they never were in our possession, a copy
of them only was sent to us ; the originals we suppose re-
main in Congress. Your further directions about these
matters, with all possible speed, will much oblige your
Most humble servants.
By order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT,
Chairman.
To Mr. Abm. Yates, Junr President of the
Provincial Congress of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
279
[A letter from Thomas Cregier.]
Cranberry Inlet, August 23d, 1776.
Sir — I received your favour about four weeks since by
the hands of Doctor Boyd, wherein I found you advised
me to join Capt. Rogers, but understanding Rogers was
gone to the Sound in order to refit, and what more induc-
ed me to keep to the southward, was ray having expecta-
tion of meeting with some of the fleets, who I much ex-
pected this way, but have been deprived of that satisfac-
tion. There appeared six sail one day, and seven sail the
other day, but they were all large ships under strong con-
voys, so there was no doing any thing with them, and
every day frigates cruising along this coast. Three days
ago, fell in with a ship and sloop tender, about ten guns,
the frigate being about a mile and a half from the sloop,
and was determined to give the sloop battle, but could not
bring her to battle. I have been assisting in bringing in
this and Egg Harbour Inlet, 2 prizes taken from the West
Indies by 2 different privateers ; one of those prizes I had
much trouble with, and, in short, was three days at work
getting the other into port, which lay aground on the bar
of Egg Harbour, a ship of three hundred tons, laden with
sugar, rum and molasses, bound to Bristol.
I am too well informed that your city is invaded by pi-
rates and ruffians, which I hope in God to hear a good ac-
count of them, and that very shortly. My provisions grow
short, and in a little time shall want a new supply, unless I fall
in with some of the enemy's store vessels ; but as for that
1 can not promise myself, but will discharge my duty in
the search of them ; and as for being supplied by the way
of Long island, I believe there is no prospect, as I do
imagine the troops intend landing on the said island. My
bread is but very indifferent, and does notkeep good, although
it is aired every fortnight, yet it moulds fast, and believe
it never was made of sound flour. You know I laid in
only four months' provisions, and you may judge how long
what remains will serve me ; my people begin to want
many articles, and I would be glad if you will send me
some cash, as I may furnish them with a Htlle. I have
advanced of my own cash to the officers and men, thirty-
nine pounds. The custom out of Philadelphia, is to ad-
vance half of their wages monthly, and beg you will send
me whatever you think proper, and charge the same to
me. I beg your advice in every respect, and any instruc-
tion given me, shall gladly comply with it. Myself, officers
and men, are willing at any time to march to your assistance,
on the shortest notice, and am willing to sacrifice both life
and every thing to serve my country. Whatever instruc-
tion you may have, let me have it by the bearer, my chief
lieutenant. I remain with due respect.
Your humble servt.
THOMAS CREGIER.
To Thomas Randle, Esqr. Member of the
Provincial Congress in New-York, or any
of the Marine Committee.
[Request of Major Hendrick D. Linde Ver Bryck, and General Clin-
ton's answer.]
Kins' s Bridge, August 23d, 1776.
To George Clinton, Esqr.,
Brigadier-General, Sheweth :
That whereas I was appointed, by the State of New-
York, a major in Colonel Isaac Nicoll's regiment, at which
time I was not well, and should have declined accepting,
had I not been persuaded to it ; and as I still continue un-
well, and think myself not able for the service, hope your
Honour will be so good as to get me a dismission ; and by
so doing you will greatly oblige your petitioner.
H. V. D. L. VER BRYCK, Major.
King's Bridge, 2Ath August, 1776.
Sir — It would be a high piece of presumption in me to
dismiss any gentleman from llic service of the State, who
is intrusted with an office in my brigade by the Conven-
tion, especially one of such importance as that of major of
a regiment. Your application, therefore, ought to be to
that body who gave you your appointment, and I doubt not
upon a representation of the state of your health, which I
am convinced is really such as to render you unfit for ser-
vice, they will readily grant you a dismission from the
service. I could wish it suited you to continue with us,
in which case I would endeavour to make your duty as
easy as the nature of your office and the times would ad-
mit of. At the same time I can not advise you in a matter
of so delicate a nature.
I am, your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To Major Ver Bryck.
[A letter from Zephaniah Piatt, Esqr.]
August 2ith, 1776.
Gentlemen — There is great complaints amongst the
troops concerning their bounty, many of them having no
money to purchase necessaries, having left at home what
little they had for the use of their families, expecting to
have received the remainder of their bounty agreeable to
your first resolution. I can but think the good of the ser-
vice, and honour of the Convention is concerned. Hope
you will take it into consideration and afford speedy relief
in the premises.
Am, gentlemen.
Your very humble servant,
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jr.
To the Convention of the State of New-York.
[A letter from Cadwallader Golden, Junr.]
Coldenham, August 22d, 1776.
Dear Sir — Your favour of the 16lh of July I had not
the honour to receive till the evening of the 31st, and am
sorry that I am still under the necessity of troubling you
again on the same subject, (though not from the same disa-
greeable place.) Upon the receipt of your letter, I wrote
to the county committee, which 1 heard was to sit on the
6th of August, desiring them to reconsider my case, and
also got some of my friends to attend their meeting, who
inform me that the committee was about coming to a re-
solve that as I had appealed to the Congress, (now the
Convention of the Representatives of the State of New-
York,) I should remain in jail till discharged by them. But
with much difficulty my friends prevailed with them to ac-
cept of security for my abiding on my own farm, until
fully discharged by your Honourable Board ; upon which
I was sent for and gave security accordingly. I then de-
sired to have a copy of the proceedings of the county com-
mittee in my case, in order to lay before your Board, which
was refused ; but they resolved to send copies to you. I
sent to the chairman ten days ago to know if he had sent
them, and informed him that I wanted to apply to your
Board for my discharge, and that it was necessary you
should be furnished with what the committee had to allege
against me, and the minutes of their proceedings thereon.
He said he could not get ready the copies of those papers
in less than eight days. Yesterday I sent to him again,
and the papers were not yet made out, but Mr. Boyd said
they should be ready by this morning. I think it hard that
I am not allowed a sight of those papers. However, am
confident if they have the least regard to decency and truth,
they can not contradict one assertion contained in my pe-
tition to your Honourable Board. Perhaps they may not
send a copy of my last letter to the committee, therefore
shall send a copy of it by the bearer for your perusal, as it
contains an explanation of a sentence that passed from me
when before the committee the first lime, which I have not
touched upon in my petition, but they may perhaps have
made use of it against me.
Since I wrote that letter, it has occurred to me that per-
haps the reason of my being disappointed in meeting with
that rehcf I so confidently expected from your Board, was
280
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
owing to the mode of application, which I did not advert
to when I first apphed to you. I hope the enclosed peti-
tion will be more unexceptionable, and that you will please
to lay it before the Honourable Convention, and use your
good offices that the prayer thereof may be granted to,
Sir, your most obedt.
^ Most humble servt.
CAUR. GOLDEN, Junr.
P. S. One great reason that I am so solicitous to have
my discharge is, that I want to be at liberty to go to see
my honoured ancient father once more, who I am sure
must be overwhelmed with grief and anxiety, at this criti-
cal moment, for the fate of a country in which he must
soon leave all that is dear to him.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr., President of the
Convention of the Representatives of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from D. Matthews.]
Hartford, 20th Ausmt, 1776.
Sir — I have made so many fruitless applications lately,
that I am almost discouraged from putting pen to paper
again. Is it not very hard, Mr. McKesson, that the Conven-
tion will not furnish me with some resolve, or certificate, in
order to enable me to contradict a most hellish report that
has been propagated, and is verily believed throughout this
Colony, that I was concerned in a plot to assassinate Ge-
neral Washington, and to blow up the magazine in New-
York ? The Convention well know that such a report pre-
vails. They also know it is as false as hell is false.
Solely owing to this report, I have been obliged to decamp
from Litchfield, where I was stationed, and where the
committee there thought my life in imminent danger.
I arrived here yesterday, and find that the same infernal
report has been industriously propagated here, and that I
am shunned as much as Lucifer would be ; and am only
wailing here for some further directions from Governor
Trumbull, to whom a person is gone for that purpose.
Surely, my old friend John, if my life was to be made a
sacrifice of, there was a more gentlemanlike way of doing
it than of being sent into a country to be fired at from be-
hind a barn or stone fence. Could any person that ever
knew me, suppose that it would ever fall to my lot to say
that there is not a place for me to risk the sole of my foot
on ? Hard lines ! but so it is. I sometimes would willingly
hope that the letters which I have heretofore wrote, have
not come to hand, or something would have been done to
contradict this infamous charge. In short, I was fully per-
suaded that I should have had an opportunity of shewing to
the world that every charge brought against me was false.
I am now tossed about to and fro, and no one to deliver me.
May this never be the lot of any of my countrymen.
I should be glad to hear from you, whether I have any
thing to expect by which my person may be safe or not.
I should not have wasted so much paper and ink, were it
not that the very existence of a wife and ten children de-
pends on my life, and who are rendered more distressed
by such villainous reports as have been propagated.
I wish you health and happiness, and am.
Sir, your humble servant,
D. MATTHEWS.
August 22d, 1776.
I am now on my march back to Litchfield again, as I
could not be suffered to remain here unless confined in jail.
What horrid treatment is this ? Govr. Trumbull would
willingly have done every thing to have accommodated me
here, but our Convention say I must be sacrificed. It is
loo much for mortal man to bear. I am now to stand fire
at Litchfield. May God only spare my hfe to meet my
enemies face to face.
D. M.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[A letter from Col. Drake relative to the sick.]
New-York, Jug. 2m, 1776.
Gent. — I am under the necessity of applying to you
that I may have the privilege of drawing some cots for the
use of the sick of my regiment, as I find there is a number
in store belonging to this State which can not be delivered
without your particular order ; therefore must request the
favour that the necessary order may be sent, as the sick
suffer much for the want of them, and they are not to be
had other where at present.
I am, gentlemen.
Your humble servt.
SAML. DRAKE, Colo.
To the Provincial Congress.
[Doct. Treat's letter relative to the medicine in his care.]
New-York, Aug. IWi, 1776.
Sir — By order from Messrs. Wm. Denning, Ch. De
Wilt, James Beekman and Jno. Sloss Hobart, I send to
your care all the medicines, sheets, lint, &c. now in my
possession belonging to the Congress of the State of New-
York, which you will receive by one Denerer, a carman.
I am, sir.
Your very humble servt.
MALACHY TREAT.
Honble. Abraham Yates, Junr. at Harlem.
j^Letter from Christ. Tappen and Gilbert Livingston at Poughkeepsie.]
Poughkeeptie, Augt. 2Alh, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Van Zandt, one of the commissioners for
building ships for the Continental Congress now carrying
on in this place, is unwilling to take the blacksmiths off
from their work at the ships unless he has a warrant from
the Continental Congress. As our Convention, before we
left it, had resolved to apply to Congress for such warrant,
we have long expected it, and if it is come to hand, beg it
may be sent us by this conveyance, as our stay here will
be fruitless, unless we can have the assistance of the smiths
at the shipyard.
We find by a resolve of your Honourable House that
the 26th curt, is appointed for the day in which a commit-
tee of the House is to report a form of government for this
State, and that three of our committee are members of the
same ; and as Mr. Paulding has lately been appointed to a
post which requires his presence at a distance from us, we
wish your Honourable House would give us leave to take
our seats in Convention, (though we are convinced the
works carrying on here are of the utmost importance to
this State,) as it gives us great pain to think that notwith-
standing the sense of the House appeared to be at the time
we left it, first to endeavour to secure a State to govern,
before we established a form to govern it by ; yet that a
day is fi.xed to take this important business when a part of
its body is absent by the command of the House.
We are, sir, with great respect.
Your very humble servts.
CHRISTR. TAPPEN,
GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
To Nathaniel Woodhtjll, Esqr. President
of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Capt. Suydam's certificate of catching tories at Rockaway.]
Camp, Long island, 19th Augt. 1776.
I, the subscriber, went down to Rockaway just at day-
break, with my company of liglithorse, pursuant to an
order from Brigr. Genl. Heard, to take care of some boats.
At the house of Van Brocle I discovered a number
of men issue out of the door and run, some of them partly
dressed, and some of them in their shirts only. Immedi-
ately I ordered my men to pursue them, and presently
overtook three of the number and took them prisoners.
Two of them got to the woods and hid under the bushes ;
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
281
on finding them, I ordered them to surrender ; one of them
did ; the other absolutely refused, although one of my men
had his gun presented to his breast ; on which my men
alighted and took him.
The prisoners' names are as follows : James Dickerson,
Peter Mills, Richard Lewis, Perron Langdon and "William
Newton.
After I had taken the above prisoners, I examined the
beach and found a boat and four oars and a paddle. In the
boat were three sheep, four ducks, and a large bottle with
water.
LAMBERTH SUYDAM,
Captain of the Troop.
[A letter of Richard Bruere and two other prisoners in Westchester.]
White Plains, 2lst August 1776.
Gentlemen — On the sixth day of June last past having
given our parols to you at this place, under the considera-
tion of being allowed a sum of money barely sufficient to
pay our board and for the common necessaries of life, and
that the said sum was to be repaid by ourselves or friends
before our departure from this country ; and as one of us
has wrote without the receipt of any answer or money to
pay our way, we think it somewhat extraordinary ; and
you must have given the necessary orders for our being
supplied, which has been neglected by some other of your
officers. We have also been informed that some of your
officers imagined the whole allowance of two dollars per
week was to be paid for our board and washing, little con-
sidering what other necessaries are wanting on these occa-
sions ; and as the small sum before mentioned which we
are to repay, we humbly conceive to be our own, and that
the committee having billeted us to such houses as may be
most expedient for your convenience, we are left at liberty
to bargain for ourselves. We are at present six weeks in
arrear to our landlord, and must beg, gentlemen, that you
will give us some answer.
From, gentlemen, your humble servts.
RD. BRUERE,
THOS. R. HARRIS,
SAML. COX.
To the gentlemen of the Provincial Congress
of New- York, at Harlem.
Head-Quarters, )
Tarry Town, Augt. ISth, 1776. ]
Gentlemen — You are immediately to take 50 men and
proceed to Cortlandt manor and apprehend all such persons
as you think are disaffected to the good of the States of
America, and bring them immediately to Head-Quarters,
in compliance with a resolve of the Convention of the Re-
presentatives of the State of New-York, which is in the
words following, viz :
Resolved, That General Morris be ordered immediately
to apprehend and secure the persons ordered to be appre-
hended by this Convention on yesterday, and that he be
furnished with a list of those persons' names.
You are to act discretionary as to your orders and the
above resolve, and return with all convenient speed.
GILBERT DRAKE, Lt. Colonel
To Capt. Brown and Capt. Orsborn.
[Letter from General Morris, on dismissing, temporarily, certain por-
tions of the militia, &c.]
New-Rochelle, Augt. IHtli, 1776.
Sir — I have the pleasure to inform that agreeably to
direction of Congress, the militia of the county have turned
out with great cheerfulness. As there is no enemy in the
Sound, and considering the present season to the farmer, I
take the liberty to recommend the dismissing the miHtia for
the present, ordering the captains to parade and discipline
their men once a week, and that they hold themselves in
[Vol. II.] 71
readiness to march on the shortest notice ; I am particular-
ly inclined to the measure, as the five days' provisions will
be out to-morrow, and no commissary of provisions pro-
vided. The arms have been examined ; the greatest part
in good repair, and such as wanted, are put in the hands of
armourers ; so that I am in hopes the major part of the
militia will be tolerably well armed. A soldier, having
misbehaved, is confined, and I shall order a court martial
for his trial to-morrow. An officer is also charged with
misbehaviour, and I shall direct an inquiry into that matter,
being determined, while I am honoured with the command,
to use my best endeavours to preserve strict discipline.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your obedient servant,
LEWIS MORRIS.
Abraham Yates, Esqr.
[Letter from Nicholas Fish, relative to his commission.]
New-York, Augt. I6th, 1776.
Sir — I this moment, upon my return from Head-Quar-
ters, was presented by Genl. Scolt with my commission,
which, though I think it exceptionable in not bearing the
date of my appointment, I have, however, (not forseeing
the event of war) concluded to take for the present, as it
will secure to me such treatment as my rank entitles me
to, in case I should unfortunately fall into the hands of the
enemy ; though I think the difficulty arising from the Pre-
sident's absence from Convention may be removed, by
adopting the mode pointed out in Genl. Scott's letter to
you.
I am, sir, your most obedient
And very humble servant,
NICHS. FISH.
RoBT. Benson, Esqr. one of the Secretaries
of the Convention of the State of New-York.
[General Scott's letter to Robert Benson, Esqr. relative to commis-
sions for his officers.]
New-York, Augt. 16th, 1776.
Dear Sir — Mr. Byvanck delivered me your letter en-
closing Major Fisk's commission, but not the reslove of
Convention to which you refer. I suppose you omitted
covering it through mistake. From the reference you
make to it, I flatter myself it will stimulate to noble
daring. In this view, it must be of importance, therefore
send it to me without delay, and I will issue it in brigade
orders.
The major retains his commission, because he may be
called to action, the event of which must be uncertain, and
may terminate in the necessity of having a commission to
produce. It wants amendments to give him his rank from
the day of his appointment, which I propose should be
done thus :
Introduce the body of the commission with a recital
that " Whereas the Congress of the Colony of New-
York, now the Convention of the Representatives of the
State of York, did on the recommendation of Brigadier-
General Scolt, appointed by the said Congress to com-
mand certain detachments of the militia, then of the Co-
lony, and now of the Slate of New-York, did, by an entry
in their records on the day of last." (Here
recite the substance of the entry.) Then go on wilh
"We reposing," &c.; and then after the words "major-
brigade " say " of the said detachments of militia under
the command of the said Brigadier-General Scolt." Then
after the words "the rules and discipline of war, this
commission," add " to be in full force and elTcct as from
the said " (inserting the day on which he appears in
the records to have been appointed ;) then, "and to con-
tinue in force," &c. as in ihc present cottunission. This
mode will give him all ihe benefit he could have derived
from a commission dated on the day of his appointment,
282
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, (fee.
and will therefore remove the difficulty arising from Mr.
President Woodhull's absence.
The commissions sent down for the other officers are
received for the present, because the event of war being
uncertain, they would not choose to fall into the hands of
the enemy without commissions in their pockets. They
earnestly entreat that they may, as soon as possible, be
provided with others. The same mode of reference back
to the time of their entrance in the service, as I have
pointed out with respect to Major Fisk, will, I presume,
suit their cases.
Be pleased to commend me with all imaginable respect
to the Honourable Convention ; assure them that nothing
but the hourly expectation of an attack prevents my taking
my seat ; and that, as I am fully impressed with a sense
that I am entirely at their pleasure, by the nature of my
appointment, I shall have recourse to them with pleasure,
whenever any military service disagreeable to them, and
which they will always have it in their power to disqualify
me for, by a repeal of my commission, makes it neces-
sary.
I am, sir.
Your most obedt. servt,
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
Robert Benson, Esqr. one of the Secretaries
of the Honourable Convention of the Repre-
sentatives of the State of New-York.
ICapt. Denning's letter, relative to salt on Long island.]
Friday Morning.
Sir — The bearer of this is Capt. Exceen, of the brig
Friendship, loaded by me in April last, by direction of a
committee of Continental Congress, with wheat and flour
for Lisbon. He is returned with his brig to Fire island
inlet, with a load of salt. He had orders to apply to the
Convention of whatever State he arrived at on his return
to this Continent. He now waits your directions.
Your most hble. servt.
WM. DENNING.
P. S. He left Lisbon 7 weeks 4 days ago this day.
Capt. Exceen says his cargo consists of 197 moys of salt,
on board on account of the Continental Congress ; that he
had medicines on board (three or four hogsheads) belong-
ing to Thos. Grant, shipped by Long, about or between
3 or £400 sterling.
To Abraham Yates, Junr. Esqr. Chairman
of the Convention of the State of New-
York, at Harlem.
[Letter from Henry Wilmot.]
New-York, lith August, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed you have the examination taken
after the commitment of John Sloane and Thomas Clarke.
They were first examined by General Putnam, on which
I was sent for, and with his approbation they were com-
mitted to jail, which the committee approved of, and now
wait for your further directions, or to send them to the
Convention, as the General thinks something further with
them ought to be done immediately.
The committee received from Rye an account that in-
formation had been given the committee there, that Benjn.
Clapp had purchased a box of tea at New- York, and that
the vender would not take any other but hard money for
the same ; that on Clapp's examination before them, he
declared he did not know the person from whom it was
purchased ; that John Hitchcock, a carman, had sent it to
him. Hitchcock was sent for by this committee, but he
would give no answer to any proper question put to him,
and only said, if he had done wrong he must suffer for it.
Without taking notice of the great contempt he shewed
to the committee, they were unanimously of opinion that
he was a person whose going at large might be of dange-
rous consequences to this State, and therefore ordered him
to jail. The committee would be glad to receive some in-
structions from the Convention, as it clearly appears to
them he has violated the resolves of the Congress,
both with respect to the price and money he paid for it ;
and that he has done it to screen a person of much more
consequence to the public than a carman.
George King, a lad apprentice to McLean the shoe-
maker, was committed for breaking open and robbing the
house that Benj. Davies lived in, of <£<"5 10s. Abraham
Jones, another apprentice, was concerned with him, but
he has not yet been taken.
If this mode of application to the Convention, to obtain
their answer as soon as possible, is most agreeable to the
Representatives of this city and county, what other in-
structions the general committee may from time to time
want, shall be applied for in this way by.
Gentlemen, your most obed. hum. servant,
HENRY WILMOT.
The Representatives of New- York.
[The examination of John Sloane and Thomas Clarke.]
^ugt. 15th, 1776.
John Sloane says. He worked at Hobuck for Mr. Bay-
ard ; he stopped work after Mr. Bayard went away, for
fear he should not get paid ; that he afterwards went in
the ferry boat ; had some encouragement given him from
Mr. Murray to work in his salt works at the back of Long
island, and got a boat to go there ; was on his way, off
Red Hook, betwixt Gibbet island and Long island, when
taken ; one Thomas Clarke was with him. Sloane says,
He did not know where Mr. Murray's salt works stood,
but was going to Red Hook to inquire ; it is better than
two months since apjjlied to to work with Mr. Murray.
Thomas Clarke says. He left Hobuck to go to Long
island, with an intention to go to Mr. Murray's salt works,
but was taken off Red Hook, near eleven o'clock at night ;
was in a boat which he believes belongs to Mr. Bayard ;
the reason of his going away was, he was afraid of being
taken by Captain Johnson on a suspicion of carrying some
persons on board the men of war. Confesses he carried
Captain Benson to Staten island some time ago ; it was
before the fleet arrived.
[A letter from Jos. Tmmbull.]
New-York, Uth August, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have been informed that you have in
Westchester county about 1000 bis. pork, which you had
purchased and stored for the State of New-York, to lie
by till occasion should call for the use of it. Large num-
bers of men are now coming into this city and its neigh-
bourhood in the defence of the liberty of our country. I
have been disappointed of some pork which I expected,
and have sent into Massachusetts Bay for about 3000 bis.
from stores, which are now on their way, but not arrived,
and I have not now on hand so much as I could wish.
Some of yours is in such situation that it may soon be
had. I must, therefore, request the favour of you to give
Mr. Daniel Gray, the bearer, an order on the persons who
are possessed of your pork, for the whole or such part
thereof as you shall judge proper ; that he may take im-
mediate and effectual care to get it to the city and its
neighbourhood. His receipts shall be your vouchers against
me for it, and I will pay the cash for the pork on demand,
or replace it when my pork arrives ; or return the same if
we have not occasion to use it, or settle the whole matter
in such way or manner as shall be most agreeable to you.
I hope you will not deny my request in the present situa-
tion, it is of importance to the general service.
I am, gentlemen, with respect and esteem,
Your most humble servt.
JOS. TRUMBULL.
To the Honourable Congress of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
283
[A letter from C omfort Sands.]
Harlem, August 13th, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Petlit, the doorkeeper of the State, in his ac-
count brought in to me to audit, has charged for his board
since he came from New-Yorli, which I have not as yet
allowed ; will you please to direct me whether I am to
make him an allowance for his board ; and if so, how much.
I am, sir,
Your most humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To the Honble. the President of the
Convention of the State of New- York
[A letter from the Committee of Jamaica, relative to the examination
of Nathaniel Mills and others.]
Jamaica, Wth August, 1776.
Gentlemen — We being appointed by your Honourable
House to examine Nathaniel Mills of Jamaica, and any
other person or persons which we shall think necessary,
respecting a letter which passed through the hands of
Mills, directed to the sheriff of Queens county, which or-
der we have executed to the best of our ability, and traced
it down to Elizabeth Hicks, a young lady of Rockaway, as
will appear by the several enclosed examinations. As our
inquiry of course must stop there, we thought proper to
require her affirmation on what she had declared, which
she refused to comply with, or even sign her name to her
examination.
We are, gentlemen, with respect.
Your very humble servants,
WILLIAM FURMAN,
JOSEPH ROBINSON,
SAMUEL RIKER.
To the Honourable the Representatives
of the State of New- York.
[A letter from Colo. Jeromus Remsen, Junr.]
New Town, August lOth, 1776.
Sir — By the enclosed you will see that Lieut. Willm.
Lawrence is chosen captain in the room of Jonathan Law-
rence, Esq. now brigade-major ; and also that he is
recommended by the committee of New Town to the Ho-
nourable Convention of the State of New-York for a com-
mission. And as a captain is much wanted in that com-
pany at this time, I hope for the good of the American
cause, he will be speedily furnished with a commission.
I am, sir, your very humble servant,
JEROM. REMSEN, Junr. Col
[General Scott's letter to John JMcKesson, Esq.]
New-York, hora vesp. I3th August, 1776.
My dear Sir — While I confess I am much honoured
by the respectable Convention of the State of New-York,
in trusting Willet Taylor to my discretion, I am reduced
to much difficulty to determine how to dispose of him. I
advised his father-in-law, Mr. Bogart, whom I know to be
a staunch friend to liberty, to send for him home, and re-
quire him to submit to the orders of the Convention. It
is, I suppose, in consequence of that advice that he has
returned to Harlem. Mr. Bogart told me Taylor would
bind himself by oath neither to speak, write or act against
the American cause. His oath the Convention can lake,
but I can not do it. If farther security should be neces-
sary by Mr. Bogart's entering into recognizance with him,
the Convention can take it, but I can not. If, nevertheless,
it should still be their opinion that I am to deal with him,
I shall obey their commands. For I shall ever think it an
honour to me, both as a member of their Body, and as a
military officer of their appointment, implicitly to execute
their orders. Be pleased to conmicnd me to them, and
assure them that nothing but the expectation of an attack
prevents my having the honour of being with them.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
John McKesson, Esq.
P. S. The messenger had just left me, when Major
Fish informed me the officers of my brigade will not re-
ceive their commissions, because being dated yesterday, the
date will render them junior to many. They entered into
service on the 14th June. Be pleased, sir, to get a new
set of that date. Major Fish thinks it hard to be left with-
out a commission. The entry in the records respecting
him will shew when his commission is to be dated.
[Samuel Loudon's letter.]
New-York, 12th August, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have been informed that there is another
sum of money to be soon printed by order of Congress.
If I am honoured with their commands to print it, there
will be absolute necessity to move my press to some place
of safety and convenience for the purpose.
I have thoughts of taking down my press to-morrow,
but where to remove it I know not. The situation here at
present is dangerous. I mean to continue my newspaper,
and remove to such place as the posts may meet, which I
suppose will not be far from the city. If I can be service-
able to the Honourable Congress of this State, I am ready
to obey their order by removing to such place as they may
think fit.
I shall be glad of your answer and advice on this sub-
ject, and
Am, dear sir, your humble servant,
S. LOUDON.
To John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from a Capt. Smith in the 42d British regiment]
Esopus, August 13th, 1776.
Gentlemen — When Captain Biddle, of the Congress
armed vessel the Andrea Doria, on the 29th May last took
the Oxford transport, on board of which was a company of
His Britannic Majesty's 42d regiment of foot, Capt. Biddle
upon taking the officers out of the Oxford, only allowed
them to take their bedding and a few shirts with them, and
told them that by orders of the Continental Congress, all
that was the private property of the prisoners that were
taken would be allowed them, and that he would return the
officers their swords upon coming on shore.
My reason for troubling you with this, gentlemen, is, as
you mentioned, that when any prisoners had any business
of any kind they were to apply to you. Now I and the
rest of the officers of my company, who were taken on
board the Oxford, will be glad to be informed whether or
not we will be allowed our baggage, and what was our pri-
vate property that was on board when we were taken. All
my clothes and other baggage, and about 60 guineas in cash
were on board ; as likewise Lieut. Franklin, who is pri-
soner with me iiere, and Lieut. Morrow and Ensign Camp-
bell, whom Captain Biddle carried to Rhode-Island with
him. Captain Biddle gave command of the Oxford to one
of his lieutenants, a Mr. McDougal and a Mr. Tribbet. I
should be very much obliged to you, gentlemen, if you will
be so kind as let me have an answer to this as soon as it
is convenient.
I am, with respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servant,
JOHN SMITH,
Captain in His Britannic Majesty's 42d Regt.
To John Broome, Esq.
284
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from General Scott, stating security may be taken of Willet
Taylor.]
New-York, Aug. nth, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Willet Taylor is a prisoner. He is an infirm
man, his father-in-law Mr. Bogert, a staunch whig. No
difficulty can arise from tiie interposition of the Congress
in his affair; I am sure the General will not be displeased
with it. I am told Mr. Taylor is willing to give assuran-
ces on oath, and very probably his father-in-law will un-
dertake for him. For the sake of his family, and particu-
larly his wife, who is far gone in pregnancy, I could wish
the Convention of the State of New-York would do some-
thing in the case. If he is left to me, I must of course
order him to Connecticut. If the Congress will interfere
in the affair, I will answer for it to the General. I should
be glad to know their determination on the subject.
I am, sir, with all imaginable respect,
Their and your most obedt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
[A letter from the Council of Safety for Pennsylvania.]
In Council of Safety for the State of Pennsylvania, >
Philadelphia, Aug. VZUi 1776. S
Sir — Your letter of the 27lh ult. is come to hand, and I
have it in charge to acquaint you, that the Council have
committed William Sutten to the State Prison in this city.
I am, sir, your very hble. servant.
THO. WHARTON, Junr. President.
To Nathaniel WooDHnLL, Esq. President of the
Convention of New-York.
[Governor Trumbull's letter, requesting the tories sent to Connecticut
to be removed as soon as convenient.]
Lebanon, XQlh August, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed is a copy of a letter from the
committee at Albany, by Ensign John Fisk, who escorted
under guard from Albany, twenty three prisoners, repre-
sented to be inimical to the rights of these States, to be se-
cured and taken care of.
The jails here are so filled, that it is difl&cult to find a
proper place of security for this additional number. For
the present they are ordered to the jail in New-London,
and shall expect soon a resolution from your Convenlion
in what manner you would have them treated, and how, or
by what means supported.
The mayor of Albany, and five others sent with him by
the committee of that city some time ago, are at Hart-
ford. Those sent by your Body under the care of Mr. De-
pevster, are imprisoned at Hartford, Norwich and Litch-
field.
The present necessity, attention to the service of the
United States, and real affection to our sister State of New-
York, under the present calamities of a siege and invasion,
induce us to receive such troublesome and inimical men
into our care and custody. We wish to have them remo-
ved, and to be released from the trouble they occasion as
early as is convenient.
I am, with great truth and regard, gentlemen, your most
obedient,
And very humble servant.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
To the Honorable Convenlion of the State of New- York.
[Rev. S. Provoost's letter requesting to be excused from preaching on
the 27th of the month.]
Camp, Manor of Livingston, August Uth, 1776.
Sir — I lately received the resolve of the Honourable
Convention, in which I am requested to preach before
them on the 27th day of this month. As I am convinced
of the justice of the cause they are engaged in, and duly
sensible of the honour intended me by their appointment, if
I followed my own inclinations, I should very readily com-
ply with their request ; but so many things occur which
would render it highly inconvenient for me to officiate upon
this occasion, that I must rely upon their goodness to ex-
cuse me. I can not presume to take up your time with so
inconsiderable a subject, therefore shall mention my reason
for desiring this indulgence to James Duane, Esq. and Col.
Hoffman, two worthy members of the Convention, and
flatter myself they will prove satisfactory to that respect-
able Assembly.
I am, sir, your most humble servant.
SAML. PROVOOST.
Brigadier General Woodhull.
[Letter from Albany County Committee.]
CorImittee Chamber, )
Albany, lOlh August, 1776. $
Gentlemen — In obedience to your resolve of the 26th
day of June last, requesting this committee to lay before
your Hon. Board, the proceedings had against Abraham
C. Cuyler, Henry Cuyler, Stephen DeLancey, John Dun-
can, Benjamin Hilton and John Monier, inhabitants of this
city and county, sent to Hartford in the Colony of Con-
necticut, and the misdemeanours with which they stand
charged, this committee beg leave to acquaint your Hon-
ourable Board, that the representation respecting Henry
Cuyler is groundless ; and as to the others we refer you to
the matters contained in the paper herewith sent, distin-
guished by No. 1, which sets forth the conduct of some of
them previous to this committee's proceedings against
them.
At a meeting of this committee on the 9th day of May
last, the said Abraham C. Cuyler, Stephen DeLancey and
John Monier, among other persons of this city, were judg-
ed to be notoriously disaffected to the American cause.
Whereupon it was resolved, that the said disaffected per-
sons should be cited to appear before this board, and that the
association made by your Honourable Board, the twenty-
seventh day of March last, should be tendered to them.
They were cited accordingly, and appeared before this
committee on theeleventh day of May last, which association
they refused to sign ; upon which it was resolved, that the
said persons should be disarmed, as will appear by a certi-
fied copy of the minutes of this board herewith sent, mark-
ed No. 2.
Respecting Benjamin Hilton, we refer you to No. .3
and 1.
The morning of the 4th of June was ushered in with the
firing of guns, pistols, &c. by boys, negroes, &c. A cir-
cumstance not agreeable to the inhabitants of this city,
knowing the scarcity of powder. We were no longer at
a loss to guess from whence this untimely liberality pro-
ceeded than the evening following, when a number of un-
friendly persons assembled at the house of Richard Cart-
wright, in order to celebrate that anniversary. The mayor
was conducted to this noble banquet by Thomas Barret, a
cooper, and Charles Folliot, a carpenter, supported by
them under each arm. The unusual noise on this occa-
sion alarmed many of the inhabitants of this city, who went
to Cartwright's, to inform themselves of the occasion of
this indecent meeting, when to their astonishment, they
found Abraham C. Cuyler, Stephen DeLancey and John
Monier, with a number of the lower sort of people carous-
ing, and singing God save the King, &c. Their former
conduct having so exasperated the good people of this city,
that they could no longer refrain taking notice of this daring
insult ; upon which they rushed in, seized Stephen DeLan-
cev and John Monier among others, and committed them
to the tory jail. The next day petition No. 4, was present-
ed to this committee by a number of respectable inhabi-
tants of this city. Shortly after a verbal request was made
to this board by the said petitioners, praying that the said
Abraham C. Cuyler, Henry Cuyler, Stephen DeLancey,
John Monier, John Duncan and Benjamin Hilton might be
removed out of this county. Whereupon, this committee,
on the 13th day of June last, on motion, resolved, that the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
285
said six persons above named, and Lieut. Angus McDonald
should be renioved under guard to Hartford, in Connecti-
cut. See the resolve No. 5.
During the residence of these men in this place, our ene-
mies were daily increasing in number and insolence; boast-
ing that they were to make returns of their proceedings to
some of the greatest men in the country. We plainly fore-
saw that nothing could be done with the rabble who were
influenced by them, till they were removed. And indeed
the conduct of the committee of Albany was freely and
loudly censured by the good people of this county in all
parts. Complaints were made that the most atrocious of-
fenders were screened in Albany, while every poor, low
fellow was immediattely prosecuted for only lisping out
things which those people uttered daily in the most daring
language. Since the removal of those leading enemies to
our freedom and repose, this place has enjoyed much more
tranquillity than heretofore ; many iniquitous plans have
since been discovered, and their execution prevented, for
they now being destitute of council and support ; when
taken, some of them have made full and free confessions.
We may also observe, that during the stay of these gen-
tlemen in this place, complaints have been made by the
officers of almost every regiment that passed through here,
that the minds of their men were immediately poisoned on
their arrival, and many (who had marched in the most
peaceable manner from Philadelphia,) had deserted from
here, and others turned almost ungovernable ; which com-
plaints have since their removal entirely subsided.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obdt. servt.
By order of the committee,
JOHN BARCLAY,
Chairmanpro tern.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from the Committee of Poughkeepsie, requesting to be reim-
bursed for their advances.]
Poughkeepsie, August 9, 1776.
Sir — From the present situation of public affairs, the
committee of Poughkeepsie labour under many difficulties
for the want of cash, as well to answer public accounts al-
ready due, which they have become bound for, as to an-
swer emergencies, of which the following are instances.
Col. Clinton wrote us to send him a number of boards down
to Fort Constitution, to make shelter for the troops then
ordered there, which the barrack would not contain. On
his request we purchased a quantity of Mr. Child, and sent
them down. On return of the sloop Mr. Child received an
order on us for the money, which we could not pay ; in
consequence of which he returned the order to Col. Clin-
ton, which we are informed remains yet unpaid. Col. Clin;
ton also drew on us to pay the freight of the above boards.
Major-General Schuyler sent down a parly of men for
stone, from the ship yards ; these men called upon us to
provide them provisions. We have to request the Hon-
nourable the Convention of the Slate of New-York, would
intrust the committee of Poughkeepsie with a sum of mo-
ney as a bank, to answer public emergencies, for which
they will give any security that it shall be expended for the
use, and to the satisfaction of the Slate. We have here-
with sent in our account against this Slate, which we re-
quest the Convention will order paid unto the bearer, (Ro-
bert North.)
Signed by order of the committee,
By, eent. your most obedt.
JOHN SCHENK, Secretary.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Vol. II.] 72
[Draft of a letter from the Convention to Gen. Washington, informing
him that they had called out the militia.]
j1. M. August 9th, 1775.
Sir — We received your Excellency's favours of yester-
day, and have agreeable to your request, made out Genl.
Clinton's appointment. As your Excellency seemed to
think the militia necessary, and had accordingly called them
out, both from this and the New-England States, we, upon
finding that they served with great reluctance at this busy
season and were constantly quitting their posts to return to
their farms, raised troops at great expense, in order to sup-
ply their place, conceiving that they would be considered
in the same point of view and entitled, agreeable to the re-
solutions of Congress with respect to the militia called out
in time of actual invasion, to Continental pay and subsis-
tence. If in this we have been mistaken, we only lament
our error, so far as it may have given your Excellency
some trouble, since no pecuniary consideration shall make
us relax those measures that are necessary to add strength
to the great cause in which we are now engaged. We
shall therefore retain the levies in our pay, subjecting them,
however, implicitly to your Excellency's command till you
shall think them unnecessary. In the mean while ihe duty
we owe our constituents obliges us to request that your
Excellency will be pleased to hint the utility of this mea-
sure to the Congress, in which case we dare safely rely
upon their justice for reimbursing our expense, except as
to the bounty, for which, considerable as it is, we expect
no compensation. In order to avoid the confusion that
will arise from the appointment of officers who may after-
wards be removed if our levies be placed on the Continen-
tal establishment, we shall appoint as commissaries, the
persons Col. Trumbull nominated, especially as their cha-
racters are unquestionable; and we beg that he will take
the direction of them till we are informed by Congress of
the light in which they are to be considered.
We consider the order mentioned in your letter as an
additional proof of that attention to the members of this
Convention which your Excellency has before so frequently
manifested, and which they conceive themselves bound
gratefully to acknowledge. We see in the same point of
view the communication of that interesting intelligence re-
ceived from the deserters.
It is our great misfortune that at this important crisis this
State is unable to make those exertions which the cause of
America requires. From the disaffection of some among
us, from the want of arms, from the exposed situation of
Long island and our frontiers, from the possession of one
county by the enemy and the probability of our being soon
called upon to reinforce the northern army, we are unable
to add much strength to the troops under your Excellency's
command ; being by the several reasons above mentioned
deprived of the assistance of nine counties out of fourteen
which composes this State. Notwithstanding all these dif-
ficulties, we are determined to combat with every obstacle
and strain every nerve in the defence of the rights and li-
berties of America, which we conceive to be most mate-
rially interested in the safety of this Slate. By our reso-
lutions for ordering the several drafls made in the counties
of Suffolk, Queens, Kings, Westchester. Dutchess, Ulster,
and Orange, to the environs of New-York, we liope in
about six days to add near three thousand incn to your
army.
We lament exceedingly that we should have occasion to
complain of the languid efforts which the neighbouring
Stales have made for our assistance. From the zeal they
profess for the public cause, from the vicinity of some of
them to this invaded county, and from tlie dangerous situ-
ation which Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Jersey must be
in should the enemy succeed in tlieir designs against this
State, we expected the most strenuous and expeditious
286
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <Scc .
exertions. How great our concern at finding so considerable
a deficiency in the establishment for this army, your Ex-
cellency may easily judge from the feelings of a patriotic
bosom, in the importance of the cause and the dangers to
which it is by this means exposed. We flatter ourselves
however that this supinencss will not be of any duration,
and that the Continental Congress will devise means of af-
fording the most expeditious and efl'cclive assistance to pre-
serve a State, the loss of which, from its geographical situ-
ation and the political character of too many of its inhabi-
tants, would be almost fatal to the cause of American
liberty.
We have the honour to be,
With great esteem and respect, &c.
To His Excellency George Washington.
[Letter from Col. Hardenbergh, requesting arms and accoutrements
for his men.]
New-York, Augutt 9, 1776.
Sir — As I am at New- York with four companies of mi-
litia from Ulster county and one company from Livingston's
manor ; and as several of them have not got guns, cartridge
boxes or any accoutrements of war, I think it very hard
that men are taken away from their places and business and
brought down to defend their country without arms. I
here enclose you a true state of the deficiencies of the five
companies, by which you may see how the matter is. I
have done all that lies in ray power to get a supply for them
while I have been in town, but cannot perform. I there-
fore once more, gentlemen, supplicate to your Hon. House
whether you cannot put me in some way to get a supply
for these men : they are willing to allow for it out of their
pay.
I am, with regard, sir, your very hum. servt.
JOHN HARDENBERGH, Lt. Col.
To Nathaniel Woodhull,
President of the Congress of the State of New- York,
[Letter from Daniel Goldsmith, in relation to the discharge of John
Andrews.]
New-Goal, August 8, 1776.
Gentlemen — On Tuesday last Mr. Alderman Blagge
sent for me and shewed me a petition he had received from
the enclosed petitioner, and informed me he never had any
proof appear against him, therefore he saw no just cause
for detaining him any longer, and advised a discharge of
the petitioner. I replied that he was now an immediate
prisoner under your Honourable House, and of consequence
not in my power to discharge him without your approba-
tion, which the alderman acquiesced in, and told me he
would wait on you concerning it; but if he did not, advised
me to wait upon some gentleman in the Congress, which
I have done, and was by him advised to write to the whole
House.
Your petitioner appears to me to be very friendly to the
cause; and I have been informed by several officers that he
is one of the most complete fuglemen upon the Continent,
and has proved himself very useful in disciplining the Jer-
sey forces. He seems very desirous to enter the service if
discharged.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obliged and most obdt. hum. servt.
DANIEL GOLDSMITH.
To the Hon. Provincial Congress of New- York,
now sitting at Harlem.
[Letter from John Berrien and Henry Wihnot, informing Convention
they have procured a telescope for Gen. Washington, &c. j
New-York, 7th August, 1776.
Sir — In consequence of the resolution of the Conven-
tion enclosed to us, we took the first opportunity of apply-
ing to the Revd. Mr. Ingliss, the only governor of the col-
lege in town, who readily consented to the delivery of the
telescope for the use of His Excellency General Washing-
ton, on which we produced him the resolution marked
No. 2.
The General must have been anxious for the receipt of
it, for before it could be come at, from the number of boxes,
&;c. stowed in the small room it was put in at the City
Hall, his aid-de-camp. Col. Webb, with some men were
ready to receive it, and it was delivered to him.
We have procured all the books and papers you required,
from the custom house, which we now forward you by
Lieut. Thomas Lawrence with a guard, as they are in our
opinion of great value and of much consequence. Mr.
Moran assures us these are all the papers and books be-
longing to the Receiver-General's office, and that he is cer-
tain there is not any cash.
We are, with much esteem and respect.
Sir, your most obdt. and very hum. servts.
JOHN BERRIEN,
HENRY WILMOT.
[A letter to General Washington.]
Sir — I am directed by the Convention of the State of
New-York, to enclose to your Excellency sundry resolu-
tions, which they have entered into in consequence of part
of your letter of this date. The Convention have further
measures in contemplation for the security of this State,
which they conceive of the utmost importance to the
general cause of America. So soon as they are determin-
ed on I shall give your Excellency immediate notice ; and
at the same time answer your two letters of this date, in a
more particular manner than the hurry of business will at
present admit of.
[A letter from Thomas Thomas, relative to the examination of Joshua
Ferris.]
Tarry Town, 8th Augt. 1776.
Sir — Yesterday was brought before me Joshua Ferris,
whom I send by the bearer hereof, and whose examination
is enclosed. He is an old offender ; has been sought for
long time by the committee of this county, to answer for
his repeated offences, particularly on his being in arms
against this county. He was also suspected of being guil-
ty of spiking of our cannon near the bridge. I therefore
refer him to the Honourable Convention for this State for
trial.
I am, sir, your hble. servt.
THOMAS THOMAS.
P. S. Philip Scureman and Frederick Secore, who
came on shore with the prisoner, having then made their
escape, were immediatelly pursued by Captn. I. Vermilya's
company of the militia, who apprehended the prisoners.
To the Honble. Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr.
President of the Convention for the State of New- York.
[Letter of Richard Speaight, a tory.]
Goshen, August 1st, 1776.
Honoured Friends :
Gentlemen — Know, that through malice and
enmity, after seven months' imprisonment, and just opened
shop in town, (York,) and getting into a good living trade,
I was through misinformation sent to this place (by the
committee,) a prisoner on parol, from my family and bu-
siness; and without doubt, unless I am relieved, the whole
of my substance, (which is but little,) must be spent, and
my wife and two children suffer for want of bread as well
as myself, as I have no allowance made me here to live
upon, nor had I any to bring up, which cost me upwards
of five pounds, and am now at great expense, that soon
will sink all I have got.
Whatever accusation can be laid against me, I am wil-
ling to clear myself before your Honourable Body. I
must own I have never signed the association ; for why,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
287
because it was never presented to me ; neither do I know
the contents.
To be short, gentlemen, so far I am a friend to Ameri-
ca, (let any person say what they will out of prejudice to
me, as I have a great many enemies, especially my late
partner, whom I lay all my trouble to, on account of his
advising me to go to England,) that I am willing to assist
the army in my business, which I flatter myself, as many
things are much wanting in the army, I would be of service
in preparing many chemical medicines that are now not to
be got. I would even enter in the service as a doctor to
any one of the regiments, where a vacancy might offer, as
well as prepare medicines for the rest of the army, as I
believe my abihty is well known in the chemical business.
If the Honourable Congress will consider me in the
above particulars, and grant me relief, which may be the
saving of a wife and two small children from distress ; the
thanks and prayers will ever be for your welfare, and rll
assistance wanting will be given by
Your Honours most obt. servt.
RICHD. SPEAIGHT.
To the Honble. Provincial Congress
of the Province of New- York.
[Letter from Colo. Snyder.]
Kingston, August 1st, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas by virtue of resolve of Con-
gress, it is ordered to raise the one-fourth of the miUtia of
the several counties therein mentioned, to guard Hudson's
river on both sides : and whereas I have the honour to
command the first regiment in Ulster county, I have in
compliance of said resolve ordered the militia under my
command to turn out the fourth men of each company, as
well the troop of horse as the rest of the militia, to go into
immediate service under the command of Col. Levi Paw-
ling : and whereas I find the militia all ready and willing to
go in said service, except the troop of horse ; and as I
just now understood, that the captain of the troop of horse
will appeal to your Honourable Board for advice, whe-
ther he is to deliver his quota of men or not ; if so, he
will resign his commission, and dissolve the company : and
whereas I conceive that it is a matter of no doubt, but it
was the sense of Congress in plain terms, by the resolve
of Congress, passed the 22d day of August, 1775, to re-
gulate the militia, that the troops of horse should be sub-
ject to commands and duties the same as the rest of the
militia. Now, if they should be exempted from doing
equal duty with the rest of the militia, it will efl'ect a mu-
tiny among us, reason because it has been the general
rule as long as the troop has been known in our county,
they have always delivered their quota of men as the rest
of the militia ; and if they now should be excused, par-
ticular in these critical times, when all and all is at stake ;
we might rather have no troop at all, for the troop are
chiefly the principal people, and ought of course to step
forth to defend their liberties, as well as any of the militia.
So, gentlemen, I shall rest the matter to your considera-
tion, and remain
Your most obedient humble servt.
JOHS. SNYDER.
P. S. Gentlemen, favour me with an answer by the
bearer, that a mutiny may be prevented.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Proclamation of Viscount Howe.]
By Richard Viscount Howe, of the Kingdom of Ireland,
and William Howe, Esquire, General of His Majes-
ty''s forces in America, the King's Commissioners for
restoring to His Majesti/s Colonies in North America,
4-c. &c. ^c.
DECLARATION.
Whereas, by an act passed in the last session of Par
liament, to prohibit all trade and intercourse with the Co-
lonies of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode-
Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsyl-
vania, the three lower counties on Delaware, Maryland,
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia,
and for other purposes therein mentioned, it is enacted
that " it shall and may be lawful to and for any person or
persons appointed and authorized by His Majesty, to grant
a pardon or pardons to any number or description of per-
sons by proclamation, in His Majesty's name, to declare
any Colony or Province, Colonies or Provinces, or any
county, town, port, district, or place, in any Colony or
Province, to be at the peace of His Majesty ; and, that
from and after the issuing of any such proclamation in any
of the aforesaid Colonies or Provinces, or if His Majesty
shall be graciously pleased to signify the same by His
Royal Proclamation, then, from and after the issuing of
such proclamation, the said act, with respect to such Co-
lony or Province, Colonies or Provinces, county, town,
port, district or place, shall cease, determine, and be ut-
terly void."
And whereas the King, desirous to deliver all his sub-
jects from the calamities of war, and other oppressions
which they now undergo, and to restore the said Colonies
to his protection and peace, as soon as the Constitutional
authority of government therein may be replaced, hath
been graciously pleased, by letters patent, under the great
seal, dated the sixth day of May, in the sixteenth year of
His Majesty's reign, to nominate and appoint us, Richard
Viscount Howe, of the Kingdom of Ireland, and Wm.
Howe, Esquire, General of his forces in North America,
and each of us, jointly and severally, to be His Majesty's
Commissioner and Commissioners, for granting his free
and general pardons to all those, who in the tumult and
disorder of the times may have deviated from their just al-
legiance, and who are willing, by a speedy return to their
duty, to reap the benefits of the Royal favour ; and also
for declaring, in His Majesty's name, any Colony, Pro-
vince, county, town, port, district or place, to be at the
peace of His Majesty.
We do, therefore, hereby declare, That due considera-
tion shall be had to the meritorious services of all persons,
who shall aid and assist in restoring the public tranquillity
in the said Colonies, or in any part or parts thereof ; that
pardons shall be granted, dutiful representations received,
and every suitable encouragement given, for promoting
such measures as shall be conducive to the establishment
of legal government and peace, in pursuance of His Ma-
jesty's most gracious purposes aforesaid.
Given at Staten Island, the fourteenth day of July,
1776.
(Signed,) HOWE.
WILLIAM HOWE.
The above is a true copy of the original declaration.
Test.
Wm. Tryon.
[Letter from Col. Cortlandt, complaining of the conduct of the Conven-
tion in superseding him and others.]
Ticonderoga, Augt. 5, 1776.
Gentlemen — This acknowledges the receipt of a letter
from Mr. John McKesson, dated N. Y. July Mlh, last,
relative to Colo. Wynkoop's regiment. When I was at
Albany had not time to procure the dates of all the ofli-
cers' warrants ; the Committee promised to have the mat-
ter settled. I have paid the billet of six companies; the
two raised in Tryon county have not settled with, but bor-
rowed money on account, of the paymaster for them ;
shortly after which 1 was ordered to this place by General
Schuyler, since which have not had it in my power to
make a return, the regiment being in such a divided stale,
but shall make out one as soon as possible. I have en-
closed your letter to Colo. Wynkoop, who is at Skcens-
burgh.
288
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Permit me, gentlemen, by this opportunity, to transmit
to you a few observations on my present situation, being
confident that nothing is wanting on your part to promote
the welfare of the United States, or to do justice to those
who have risked their all for its defence. Many of you,
gentlemen, I have the honour to be personally acquainted
with, which emboldens me to appeal to you for my cha-
racter in private life ; for my behaviour as an officer, the
generals under whom I served the preceding and present
campaigns can testify. It was not for ease, or to have an
exalted commission that brought me to the field. On the
contrary, numbers of you, gentlemen, I flatter myself,
know that I lived in affluence at home, and consequently,
that I was not induced into the service with a view to the
pay, as you must all be satisfied ; that it is not an object
for a gentleman. When that respectable Body, with which
I had the honour of serving in representing this Slate, of-
fered me a commission from the Continental Congress, last
summer, I with reluctance accepted, not from a want of
zeal to do my injured country all the service I was capable of,
but a diffidence in my own mind of my abilities to fill such
an important office as that of lieut. colonel of a regiment.
1 am at present the first lieut. colonel m this army, as I
am informed, and I believe may safely add, in the service
of the United States. Notwithstanding, must, to do my
country justice, and not myself, bear the mortification to
see several officers promoted to the command of regiments
in the Continental army which I commanded last cam-
paign. Justice to those gentlemen of our State who en-
tered into the service and have undergone the fatigue of
last winter's campaign in Canada, superior in rank, and
who have been distinguished throughout the army for their
bravery and honour, are also superseded by the late ap-
pointments of officers for Colo. Duboys's regiment, &c.
This must be evident, when the rank roll of last year is
examined into for the character of the officers. I can not
conclude without suggesting to you that I was by an ill
state of health, prevented from going into Canada, and
there joining the army then in that quarter. My honour as
a gentleman, I conceive hurt and injured by being thus
neglected and superseded, and lest you might think that I
was ignorant thereof, I have taken this method of inform-
ing you of it ; but the same principles of honour which
tells me that I am disregarded, assures me also that it
would be most shameful for me to resign at present, when
the enemy of the States have attacked the Slate of which
I am a citizen, at both extremities. I must, however, ob-
serve to you, that I shall be obliged in justice to myself,
to resign my commission after the cloud which now hangs
over us in this part is dispelled ; and I shall do it with the
more cheerfulness, as I conceive it will be agreeable to
those from whom I have received it, or they would not
have given me the private intimation by superseding.
Be assured, gentlemen, however, that if ever it lies in
my power to render any service to my country, or to the
cause of liberty and mankind, no man will be more ready
in doing it.
I have the honour to be, gent, with respect.
Your most obt. and very humble servant,
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
To the President and gentlemen convened,
representing the State of New- York.
[Letter from Richd. Thome, at Brooiland.]
Fishkill, Sept. 6th, 1776.
Sir — I have been informed that one of the Representa-
tives of the State of New-York publicly said in the Ho-
nourable Body over which you preside, that from the testi-
mony of Colo. Jeromus Remsen, I had deserted his regi-
ment without any cause known to him, or words to that
efi"ect ; and that some disagreeable intimations were tneh
given of my being disaff'ecled to the cause of my country.
As I feel myself injured by such declarations or intima-
tions, I beg the patience of you, sir, and the Convention,
while I shortly state the manner and occasion of my short
absence from the regiment.
On Tuesday the 20lh ult. in the lines at Brookland, I
was seized with a disorder frequent in our camps, the flux.
I continued there without any remission on duty with my
disorder increasing, and on Thursday night following was
almost all night out with a guard in Fort Oblong in a very
heavy dew, and extremely uncomfortable, although my
disorder had then become of the worst and bloody species
of that name.
The too free use of the good things of this life by the
commanding officer of the regiment, to which however he
might have been induced by the inclemency of the weather
and the absence of the lieut. colonel, left me that night
without any assistance, and obliged me to expose myself
to the most inclement weather during the night, and nearly
endangered my life from my disorder. I continued, how-
ever, in camp, with the disorder increased to a high degree,
afl"ording every countenance and aid in my power, until
Sunday the 25th day of the month, when Colo. Remsen
was pleased to give me a permit, here ready to be shewn
to the Honourable Convention, and in the words following
to wit :
"Brookland, August 25th, 1776.
"The bearer hereof, Mr. Richard Thorne, major of Colo.
Jeromus Remsen's regiment, being sick and weak, not
able to do duty in the regiment, is permitted to return home
to recruit himself.
"JEROMUS REMSEN, June.
'■To all Officers concerned."
As to the state of weakness and debility I was reduced
by the disorder and fatigue I underwent, I cheerfully ap-
peal to Doctor Lathem who attended me, and is now in
Fishkill.
The almost unremitted application of my time and any
little talents God has been pleased to give me, to the at-
tending committees and the cause of my country in one
way or another for several months past, will I trust eff'ectu-
ally prevent any suspicions of those who best know me,
that I have any sparks of disaficction ; but it can not but
give me pain that any such disagreeable intimations with
respect to me, should from any quarter undeservedly have
been given to the Convention.
1 have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedient humble servt.
RICHD. THORNE.
To the President of the Convention of the
Representatives of the State of New- York.
[Letter from William Goforth and John Houston, applying for fresh
encouragement to make salt.]
August M, 1776.
Gentlemen — Having been informed that your Honour-
able Body, after taking into consideration the great distress
which the good people of this Province must shortly be
reduced to for the want of salt, have determined to advance
moneys to certain companies for the purpose ofencourage-
ing the manufacturing so essential an article. Therefore,
we the subscribers are influenced to make application to
to your Board, for such encouragement, and on such terms
as has been granted to others.
WILLIAM GOFORTH,
JNO. HOUSTON.
To the Honourable the Provincial
Congress of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Silvester Salisbury, Esq.]
Kingston, 1st August, 1776.
Gentlemen — According to a resolve of Congress the
militia in this county are to raise a regiment of men to be
stationed on the west side of the North river, in order to
prevent the enemy from penetrating into the country.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
289
Pursuant to that resolve the militia was called together,
as also was my company of horse. The quotas of the
different companies of foot were soon raised according to
your directions. My company of horse was also called
upon to raise their quota of men, but unanimously objected
to their turning out as footmen. They think it is not the
intent and meaning of Congress that horsemen shall be
turned into footmen ; that after having properly equipped
themselves as horsemen, they should now again be obliged
to equip themselves as footmen.
I did all in my power to persuade them to comply with
the request of the colonel, though at the same time did not
think it your intent and meaning. The bearer of this let-
ter can more fully inform you about my company if re-
quired. I should be glad to know your sentiments con-
cerning this matter, that is, whether we are obliged to turn
out as horsemen or footmen ; they say they are willing to
turn out as horsemen at any time when called upon. You
will much oblige me if you will give me your opinion by
the bearer of this letter as soon as possible, because Col.
Pawling is to march with his regiment from here the be-
ginning of next week.
If we are to turn out as footmen, my company of horse
will be dissolved immediately, because they think it very
unjust that they should serve both as horsemen and foot-
men. And then of course I shall resign my commission.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedient humble servant.
SILVESTER SALISBURY.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from the Albany Committee to Governor Trumbull.]
Albany Committee, 2d August, 1776.
Sir — Agreeable to a resolve of this committee we
take the liberty to send to the care of your Honour the
prisoners named on the within list, and have affixed to
their names their crimes which they have committed.
We are of opinion that Alexander Cambell, William
Pcmberton, Henry Van Schaack, Joseph Anderson, John
Munro and Samuel Anderson, are to be maintained at
their own expense ; and that Frederick Williams, John
Duzenberry, Walter Scott, John Scott, Samuel I. Gardi-
reer, Benjamin Grecnman, Dugal Cambell, Henry Wes-
tenhousen, Thomas Sword, Jacob Zimmerman, Nicholas
Weaver, Owen Conner, Ralph Watson and William Mc-
Mullen are to be maintained at the expense of the public.
The situation of this county as a frontier, induces us to
be particularly careful in lessening the number of our in-
ternal enemies. Besides the great number of disaffected
amongst us, their constant meetings, plots and con-
spiracies, oblige us to consult every method for placing
them in a situation where they can do no injury to the
general cause by joining with the forces of the British
King, assisting his army, or by opposing and preventing
the support and preservation of our forces to the north-
ward and westward. The influence of those men if
exerted would, we conceive, from their avowed principles
have been used against the American States.
The places of confinement here are full, and since the
retreat of our army from Canada and the arrival of the regu-
lar troops at New-York, disaffected persons whose princi-
ples before were concealed, are daily appearing in every
part of the country ; and by reason of the great numbers
of men drawn from us for the public service, we are un-
able to apprehend and guard with security, all such per-
sons as we are convinced from the fullest proof are inimi-
cal to the rights of America.
We would recommend it to your Excellency to separate
them as far distant from one another as they conveniently
can be, and to prevent any communication between the
persons now sent from this county to your Honours' care
and those formerly transmitted, as some of the persons
[Vol. II.] 73
now sent are particularly dangerous, though their abilities,
their address and insinuation may place them in a different
point of light.
We are, your Honour's most obedt. servts.
By order of the committee.
JOHN BARCLAY,
Chairman pro. tern.
To His Honour Govr. Trumbull.
[Letter from General Committee of the city and county of New- York,
on the subject of their duties, &c.]
New-York, ZOth July, 1776.
We, the subscribers, members of the general committee
for this city and county, beg leave to lay before you the
particular situation and difficulties we have for some time
past and now do labour under.
Not one magistrate being in the city, occasions every
complaint, both criminal as well as of civil nature, to be
brought before the committee.
The business for which the committee was appointed,
would alone take up their whole attention at any time, not-
withstanding which we have cheerfully undertaken, and to
the best of our power and abilities faithfully executed
every business that has been brought before us ; though
this burden has fallen upon only a few, sometimes ten,
twelve, and never more than sixteen or eighteen members,
who have given their constant attendance to the public
service.
The time the committee was elected for will expire the
8th day of next month ; and we conceive the public or the
Convention will not desire us, such a few individuals, to
sacrifice our whole time to the public service, and at this
sickly season, our constitution also, when so many of our
fellow-citizens, men of large property, are enjoying all the
advantages of a rural life, much in the same manner as if
this continent was in a state of peace. We, therefore,
wish the Convention would devise any measure that would
in any ways ease us of our present difficulties ; for, be as-
sured, we are, with all due esteem and respect.
Gentlemen, your most obedient and
Very humble servants,
John Berrien,
Henry Wilmot,
Frans. Bassett,
Saml. Cowperthwait,
Victor Bicker,
Saml. Johnson,
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
Simon Schermerhorn,
Lewis Thibou,
WiUiam Lawson,
John Campbell,
John Stagg.
[Letter from Committee at White Plains, relative to Capt. Townsend's
company.]
Sir — The committee of safety being in great want of
Capt. Townsend's company, now stationed at the North
river by order of the Convention, they therefore request
that you would lay the same before the Convention, and
give the committee orders to recal them.
I am your very hble. servant,
FRED. JAY, D. Chn.
White Plains, 1st August, 1776.
[Letter from Pierre Van Cortlandt and Zephania Piatt, relating certain
depredations committed by the enemy, near Croton.]
Head-Quarters, >
Mouth of Croton, August 2d, 1776. ]
Gentlemen — The enemy's ships lie off here, and their
barges row up and down the river anights ; and notwith-
standing our utmost exertions, some infamous rascal must
have given them information that tlie New-England troops
went off on Saturday last, and not a sufficient number com-
ing in to guard the shore, they landed at one Bailey's on
Sunday night, and went back half a mile and drove off one
pair of oxen, two cows, one calf, one heifer and eleven
sheep ; no doubt had the assistance of some tories on shore.
We have since got some assistance from Genl. Clinton's
290
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
brigade, and several companies canae in, and more hourly
expected, that we are in hopes soon lo liave such an ar-
rangement as will effectually cut off all kind of communi-
cation. Hope there may be soon some discreet, smart of-
ficer appointed to take the command, and a proper com-
missary, that the business may be conducted with spirit
and regularity. We must confess, gentlemen, that as yet
things have not been so well regulated as we should have
been glad to have seen ; but the many difficulties and dis-
advantages we had to encounter, must only apologize. We
considered our appointment as merely temporary, and cau-
tious of assuming loo much authority to ourselves, lest it
might give disgust to some of the military corps, and hav-
ing such an extensive shore and frequent movements, were
obliged to deal out provisions in different places, and not
being able to give any man assurance that he should con-
tinue any considerable time in office, has made it difficult
to gel proper persons to act in different departments ; add-
ed to this, having to deal with new, raw troops every few
days, by reason of their frequent changes, and sorry to say,
many of them very refractory, that, on the whole, our sta-
tion has not been the most desirable ; however, are willing
to serve in any department that may be for the good of our
country.
Remain, gentlemen, your very humble servants,
PIEKKE VAN CORTLANDT.
ZEPHA. PLATT.
To the Representatives of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from H. V. Van Schaack, and others, prisoners in the Tory
prison, Albany.]
Albany Tory Jail, \st August, 1776.
Gentlemen — We have just now received your letter of
this dale, by which we find that, contrary to the most rea-
sonable expectations, we are forced to go off to-morrow
morning. The reasons for our expectations are so forcibly
pointed out in our former letters, that we shall forbear to
recapitulate them now, and only observe, that allhough we
are forced to leave this in the morning, the same severities
are still exercised respecting admittance of those who have
business with us ; so that at this hour we are in no situa-
tion to do any thing. As this probably will be the last time
you will be troubled wiih letters from us, we hope you will
excuse us for requesting to know whether we are to go
with or without a guard from here to Colo. Hoffman's
Landing ? as we purpose to go by land from here, provid-
ed there is no objections. Should there be any, on account
of sending a guard with us, and you are disposed to take
sufficient security, (we conceive, as we are to maintain
ourselves,) the Board will have no objection to our trans-
porting ourselves in the cheapest manner, so that our per-
sons are delivered according to the tenor of your orders.
If this be refused, can we have a pass for a couple of men
to take our horses down to Red-Hook?
As we have been confined for a long time, and for some
time past treated like malefactors. Christian charity obliges
us to believe that your Board have received information
concerning us of a very criminal nature indeed ; and as we
are entirely to guess from whence such information pro-
ceeded, we now request our crimes may be stated, the ac-
cusers' names mentioned, that we may have opportunity, as
well in Connecticut as here, to clear our characters of any
aspersions that may be before your Board. Should the
crimes of which we are supposed to be guilty, or stand ac-
cused of, justify the unremitting severities with which we
have been treated in our confinement, we dread the recep-
tion we are to meet with in a county where we are stran-
gers and friendless ; we mean, should we be transported
unheard and unquestioned. We are, &c.
H. V. SCHAACK,
JOSEPH ANDERSON,
^ JOHN MUNRO, &c.
[Letter from George Townsend, Chairman of Queens county, stating
that Thomas Willetl has committed treason against the Slate ]
In Committee ok Safety, )
Queens County, JulySlst, 1776. )
Sir — Enclosed we send you a declaration published by
Governor Tryon, and set up by Sheriff Willett, in this
county. We desire you will lay the mailer befoie the Con-
gress, and have their direction in the affair.
Signed by order of the commiltee.
GEORGE TOWNSEND, Chairman.
P. S. We beg that you will take the sense of the Con-
gress what shall be done with the county records, in order
to secure them.
Capt. Jonathan Laviteence.
[A letter from Rud. Ritzema, Esqr.]
New-York, Ut August, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have long waited with the utmost impa-
tience for the determination of the Convention of our State,
for the filling up the vacant majority in my regiment, and
can hardly conceive why it has so long been delayed. The
office is of so much importance that a regiment can't exist
without its being filled, for which reason the eldest captain
in the regiment. Billings, has been appointed in general
orders to act as major to the regiment till further orders.
He will, in all probability, soon be appointed to that office,
for no other reason but his being the eldest captain. This
gentleman is no ways equal to that station, nor do I think
entitled to it, as there are several elder captains than him-
self, of the old establishment. Let me, therefore, beg of
you, good sir, to urge this matter with the committee,
who has the regulation of the arrangement of the military
officers in hand, that a major be immediately appointed to
the regiment, and his commission be sent to me. Captain
Goforth told me he would not accept of it. If I am not
mistaken, I think Captain Griffin comes next in turn.
However I don't pretend to dictate, but only to refresh
your memory. All I want is, that the majority be well
filled. It is a matter of indifference to me who the man is.
Your good offices herein will much oblige, sir,
Your humble servt.
RUD. RITZEMA.
Lieut. Miller's commission is still in my hands. The
ensigncy in Capt. Horton's company, vacant ; as also in
Denlon's.
To John McKesson, Esqr. at the
Convention of the State of New- York.
[Proclamation for pardons to penitents, by Lord Howe and General
Howe, and by Thomas WilJelt, sheriff.]
Bv Richard Viscount Howe, of the Kingdom of Ire-
land, and William Howe, Esquire, General of His
Majesty's forces in America, the King^s commissioners
for restoring peace to His Majesty's Colonies and Plan-
tations in North America, <^c.
DECLARATION.
Whereas, by an act passed in the last session of Parlia-
ment, to prohibit all trade and intercourse with the Colonies
of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island,
Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, the
three lower counties on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, and for other
purposes therein mentioned, it is enacted that, " it shall and
may be lawful to and for any person or persons, appointed
and authorized by His Majesty to grant a pardon or par-
dons, to any number or description of persons, by procla-
mation, in His Majesty's nam.e, to declare any Colony or
Province, Colonies or Provinces, or any county, town,
port, district or place, in any Colony or Province, to be at
the peace of His Majesty ; and " that " from and after the
issuing any such proclamation in any of the aforesaid Co-
lonies or Provinces, or if His Majesty shall be graciously
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
291
pleased to signify the same by His Royal proclamation,
then from and after the issuing such proclareiation," the said
"Act, with respect to such Colony or Province, Colonies
or Provinces, county, town, port, district or place, shall
cease, determine, and be utterly void."
And whereas the King, desirous to deliver all his sub-
jects from the calamities of war, and other oppressions
which they now undergo, and to restore the said Colo-
nies to his protection and peace, as soon as the constitu-
tional authority of government therein may be replaced,
hath been graciously pleased, by letters patent under the
Great Seal, dated the sixth day of May, in the sixteenth
year of His Majesty's reign, to nominate and appoint us,
Richard Viscount Howe, of the Kingdom of Ireland, and
W^m. Howe, Esquire, General of his forces in North
America, and each of us, jointly and severally, to be
His Majesty's commissioner and commissioners for grant-
ing his free and general pardon to all those who, in the
tumult and disorder of the times, may have deviated
from their just allegiance, and who are willing, by a
speedy return to their duty, to reap the benefits of the
royal favour ; and also for declaring, in His Majesty's
name, any Colony, Province, county, town, port, district
or place, to be at the peace of His Majesty. We do there-
fore hereby declare, that due consideration shall be had to
the meritorious services of all persons, who shall aid and
assist in restoring the public tranquility in the said Colo-
nies, or in any part or parts thereof, that pardon shall be
granted, dutiful representations received, and every suita-
ble encouragement given, for promoting such measures as
shall be conducive to the establishment of legal govern
ment and peace, in pursuance of His Majesty's most gra-
cious purposes aforesaid.
Given at Staten Island, the fourteenth day of July,
1776.
(Signed) HOWE,
WM. HOWE.
The above is a true copy of the original declaration
test.
(Signed) Wm. Tryon.
The above is a true copy.
Thos. Willett, Sheriff.
[Letter from the Committee of Westchester.]
In Committee of Safety for the county of Westchester,
.August 24, 1776.
Gentlemen — We have heretofore informed your Ho-
nourable House, that in consequence of your orders, we
had caused a number of disaffected persons to be appre-
hended and confined in our jail, since which many more
have been confined. We must acquaint your Honourable
House that tliese persons are chiefly considerable far-
mers, and tliis present season loudly calls upon them to
attend the putting their seed in the ground, if they could
be released from imprisonment with safely to our country.
In consideration of which wc are now induced to apply to
your Honourable House, for your orders respecting these
persons ; whether, as this committee are very well ac-
quainted with their respective conduct, and capable of
judging which of them are dangerously disaffected and
which are not, your Honourable House will think proper
to invest liiis committee with power to examine, release,
and confine those persons, as to them shall seem just and
consistent with the good of our cause. We have under-
mentioned a list of the names of those persons for your fur-
ther information.
By order of the Committee.
JOHN THOMAS Junr. Chairman.
TORIES.
Nathan Witney,
Peter Huggeford,
Jeremiah Travis,
Isaac Hatfield,
Peter Corney,
Peter Drake,
Lewis Palmer,
Saml. Merritt,
Jeremiah Travis, Jun.
Tunis Post,
William Eady,
Gabriel Purdy,
John Beasley,
John McCord,
Monmouth Hart,
John McCullum,
To Gen. Woodhull, at Harlem.
Edmund Ward,
Caleb JVIorgan,
John Belts,
Joseph Gidney,
John Gidney,
Jos. Purdy,
Wm. Barker Jun.
Wm. Barker,
Gilbert Horton,
Capt Joshua Purdy,
Josiah and Isaac Brown,
Bariholeme Haines,
Joseph Haviland,
Adam Seaman,
John Reed.
[Letter from Jno. Sloss Hobart and Jas. Townsend at Huntington.]
Huntington, August 30, 1776.
Gentlemen — To our unspeakable mortification, we
found when we arrived in Queens county, that the militia
had dispersed, and General Woodhull had fallen into the
hands of the enemy. We then proceeded with all des-
patch to this town as the only place where we could have
any prospect of making an effectual stand, as the enemy
were in full possession of the western parts of that county
as far as Jamaica, and the disaffected from the east were
gone in to them. Though we were not authorized for the
purpose by Convention, we have taken upon ourselves to
order out the militia of the county to rendezvous here, and
have wrote to Col. Mulford at East Hampton, to come up
and take the command, as he is now the senior officer in
the brigade.
We shall direct the commissary to furnish the militia
wifh provisions. If we should succeed in collecting a
considerable body of men together, money for their subsis-
tence will be wanting. We have borrowed on the public
credit from the county treasurer of Queens county three
hundred and twenty pounds, which will answer for the
present. We hope the Convention will order a further
sum for the commissary. We find the people determined
to make a resolute stand, and should any marauders at-
tempt to penetrate this county, we trust they will pay for
their temerity.
Nothing but the necessity of the case can be urged as an
excuse for the powers we have assumed, and being sensi-
ble that our conduct can not be strictly justified, we hum-
bly submit whether it will not be proper for the Convention
to send us an indemnification, and such further powers as
may be sufficient to enable us to exert the whole force of
this brigade to oppose the enemy. As General WoodhuU's
papers have very probably been taken by the enemy, we
beg we may have copies from the minutes of such resolves
as are necessary for carrying on the operations in this part.
We are informed that there are 100 stand of arms in a prize
lately brought in by Capt. Rogers. We propose to take
and distribute thern among the militia. We must urge to
the Convention the necessity of sending reinforcement, or
we may not perhaps be able to make an effectual stand.
We beg leave to submit to Convention the propriety of
appointing an officer of activity and discretion to command
in the room of General Woodhull ; and,
Are, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedient humble servants,
JNO. SLOSS HOBART,
JAMES TOWNSEND.
To the Provincial Congress.
292
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[A letter from Jno. Sloss Hobart and James Townsend at Huntington.]
Huntington, August 31«/, 1776.
Gentlemen — Our express of yesterday not being able
to cross the Sound alSands's ferry has returned to us, which
gives us an opportunity to acquaint you with the present
situation of our affairs. We have this morning received
a letter from Major Smith, decHning the office of major,
in which he has " heretofore acted with faithfulness," a
copy of which we have the honour to enclose, together,
with a copy of Ebenezer Dayton's narrative of the tran-
sactions of yesterday at Smilhtown.
A number of tlie militia of this town are now under arms,
and we are in hopes that most of them will turn out; but a
general complaint among them is, that their olficers have
deserted them, and if the enemy should find them in arms,
they will meet with worse treatment than if they peacably
wait their fate. We have exerted ourselves to recover
the people from the consternation into which they were
thrown by the precipitate retreat of General Woodhull's
party. We have in some measure succeeded, and could
we assure them of being supported, and that tlie island
was not abandoned to the enemy, we doubt not but the
people might be brought to act with vigour; but such a to-
tal depression prevailed upon our arrival, that twenty horse-
men would have ravaged the whole country. A number
of the Kings county horsemen have crossed the Sound from
this place, leaving their horses to follow them in another
boat. We have taken the liberty to stop the horses, and
shall send for the men back. We purpose after the party
who were with General Woodhull, are rallied, to form the
rest into companies, and appoint the officers. As to field
officers, we shall be at a loss, as Col. Floyd, who com-
mands the regiment, is at Congress, Lieut. Col. Potter is
gone off with himself, and first Major Smith has resigned ;
second Major Brush is with us and begins to be in spirits.
Should we be able to rouse a considerable number of this
regiment, more field officers would be necessary. We
wish the directions of Convention on the subject. We beg
the favour of copies of the late resolves respecting officers
and men who refuse to do duty in time of an invasion. You
will see that we could do nothing without assuming power
not given us by Convention, and hope the necessity of the
case will plead our excuse. We propose as soon as mat-
ters are regulated here, to proceed eastward, and endeavour
to prevent the evils that are to be apprehended from the
indiscret conduct of Major Smith and Capt. Thompson.
We have the honour to be.
Your most obt. servants.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART,
JAMES TOWNSEND.
To the Honble. Convention of New- York.
[Narrative of the proceedings of the officers and men of one of the
Sufiolk county regiments.]
Jugt. 2Ut, 1776.
A narrative of the proceedings of the officers and men
of part of the first regiment in Suffolk county, required of
Ebenezer Dayton, quartermaster of the minute regiment
by Mr. Jno. Sloss Hobart, Esqr. of their proceedings of
the 30th August, 1776, at Brookhaven and Smith Town.
On the 29th August, Major Jeffery Smith sent an order
to Phillip Roe, adjutant, to order the four companies in
Brookhaven to march immediately to Piatt Carls in Hun-
tington, and there wait further orders ; the said adjutant
gave orders to the four captains of said companies, without
loss of time; and there appeared a very high spirit among
the men in general, insomuch that about the middle of the
day following, August 30th, three of those companies ar-
rived to the house of Epenetus Smith, at Smith Town,
and the other being Capt. Nicholas Roe's company was
coming up. It was reported at said Smith's that the major
was gone to Huntington to see Messrs Hubbard and Town-
send, and desired those companies to wait there until his
return, which was not until in the dusk of the evening ;
during which lime there was great uneasiness among the
men, that they should be prevented from marching west-
ward, and were very eager to march to Hempstead plains,
to bring off the stock and make a stand in tlie woods to the
east of the said plains. But at evening Major Jeff. Smith
came to them from Huntington, and called the officers into
a room and told them that he thought it dangerous to march
further west, as their forces would not be sufficient to op-
pose the enemy, and that for his part he very much gave
up the island ; and that he saw no way but that we must
fall into the enemy's hands ; and that it would not be good
policy to incense a cruel enemy by being taken under
arms; and that he supposed, if remained quiet at home, we
should fare the better, and that he was so discouraged that
he intended to resign his commission. He said Col. Potter
was gone off and left him alone, and that Major Brush had
judged it unsafe to proceed with what forces we could
raise in this county against the enemy, unless a large re-
inforcement should arise very speedily, which he judged
improbable. And Capt. Thompson appeared in a panic, and
was for rushing out of the room, saying he would give
orders for his company to return home immediately, and
would go himself also, and would not be prevailed upon
to let his men stay until the morning, and also refused to
be prevailed upon to conceal the motives for dismissing
them. Major Smith said he would not give any orders as he
designed to decline his commission, but as an individual he
would advise them to continue there until they could have
orders from Messrs. Hubbard and Townsend, and did ad-
vise the officers to send off immediately to them for orders ;
but Capt. Thompson rushed out of the room amongst the
men and expressed his fears and dismissed his company,
and hurried homewards. Upon which the men who before
was in high spirits and eager to press forward were in a
panic of fear, and said that if their officers ran away and
declined their offices and feared to command them, they
thought proper also to return home, but not without a
clamour against the officers, &c. &c. The men returned
home accordingly. In the whole affair Adjutant Roe disco-
vered firmness and urged the officers to exert themselves,
and so did a number of subalterns. Ebenezer Dayton was
much censured for urging a speedy march, accusing him
of wanting to sacrifice the troops without a chance of
doing good, or even a probability of success.
EBENEZER DAYTON.
Sworn this 31st August, before us,
Jno. Sloss Hobart,
Jams. Townsend.
Know all men by these presents, that we, Daniel Shaw,
John Broome and Thomas Crab of the city of New- York,
in the sum of six thousand dollars, are held and firmly
bound to the Honourable John Hancock, President of the
Congress of the United Colonies of New-Hampshire, Mas-
sacusetts Bay, Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York,
New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, the counties of New-Castle,
Kent, and Sussex on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, to be paid to the
said John Hancock, or his certain attorney, executors, ad-
ministrators, or assigns, in trust for the use of the said
United Colonies : To which payment well and truly to be
done, we do bind ourselves, our heirs, executors, and ad-
ministrators jointly and severally, firmly by these presents.
Sealed with our seals, dated the sixteenth day of August
in the year of our Lord 1776.
The condition of this obligation is such, that if the above
bounden Daniel Shaw, who is commander of the sloop
called the Harlequin, belonging to John Broome, Samuel
Broome & Co. of New-York in the Colony of New-York,
mounting fourteen carriage guns, and navigated by ninety
men, and who hath applied for a commission or letters of
marque and reprisal, to arm, equip, and set forth to sea,
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
293
the said sloop as a private ship of war, and to make cap-
tures of British vessels and cargoes, shall not exceed or
transgress the powers and authorities which shall be con-
tained in the said commission, but shall in all things ob-
serve and conduct himself, and govern his crew, by and
according to the same, and certain instructions therewith
to be delivered, and such other instructions as may here-
after be given to him, and shall make reparation for all
damages sustained by any misconduct or unwarrantable
proceedings of himself or the officers or crew of the said
sloop, then this obligation shall be void, or else remain in
force.
DANIEL SHAW,
JNO. BROOME,
THOS. CRABB.
Sealed and delivered in )
the presence of )
Dan. Phcenix,
Witness to, Capt. Shaw, and Jno, Broome.
[Letter from Col. Josiah Smith.]
Camp at Brookland, )
August 29tft, 1776. $
I just now received orders from the General to march
my regiment over to New- York, and there to receive or-
ders from the Convention of New-York, which I desire
you to send me by the bearer. Col. Phinehas Fanning.
JOSIAH SMITH, Col.
To the President of the Convention.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton.]
King's Bridge, Aug. 30th, 1776.
Gent. — The brigade under my command, murmur ex-
tremely for want of the remaining bounty due to them. It
is my opinion that when they are mustered by the Contin-
ental Muster-Master, that there will be no deficiency on the
muster rolls sworn to by the colonels of the respective
regiments, and returned to your Convention. I therefore
wish most earnestly that the Convention would dispense
with that part of your resolution with respect lo the levies
that relates to the mode of mustering my brigade, as it is
very uncertain when they can be mustered agreeable to
the manner therein prescribed. As from the present situ-
ation of our military operations it is extremely probable
that our army will make their grand stand at the post I oc-
cupy, and as it is of the utmost consequence that haimony
should prevail amongst the troops, I flatter myself the
Convention will have no scruple in complying with my
request. I shall desire Gen. Washington to have my
brigade mustered as soon as possible, and shall make a re-
gular return to the Convention of the whole brigade.
I am, gent, your obedt. hble. servt.
GEO. CLINTON, Brig. Gen.
To the Honorable the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from Gilbert Livingston, stating that Capt. Hazlewood has
fitted a vessel in a masterly manner, and others are preparing com-
bustibles.]
Poughkeepsie,Jug. 26th, 1776.
Sir — Capt. Hazlewood, who came up to us by request
of Convention, has fitted a fine vessel, as we conceive in a
masterly manner, and given such instructions to some per-
sons we have here employed, with respect to mixing fire
combustibles, &c. that we think we can now carry on
our works without further assistance. He has in general
been very assiduous, and of very much use to us. We
are unhappy at this time not to have a quorum of our com-
mittee present, therefore must beg leave to submit to your
Honourable House, the consideration of any reward this
[Vol. II.] 74
gentleman may have reason to expect from this State, for
his extraordinary expense and trouble in this business.
We are, with respect,
Your very humble servants,
CHRIST. TAPPEN,
GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
Abraham Yates, Jun. Esqr. President
of the Convention of the State of
New-York.
[Letter from Jonathan G. Tompkins.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Marronack, August 18th, 1776. J
Gentlemen — I having been informed that a petition
has, or is likely to be sent to your Board, by a number of
persons now confined in this county jail, as suspected per-
sons, many of which I shall not take upon me to say any
thing in favour of ; but only in two, of the Brown's, the
names of which are Josiah and Isaac Brown, I having had
some opportunity of knowing their political sentiments,
and am fully of the opinion that they may have their li-
berty ; and I make no doubt that if they have an opportu-
nity will be able to convince the public they are not ene-
mies to this State ; and I flatter myself I am such a well
wisher to the United States of America, that I would not
speak well of one who did not deserve it.
From your very humble servant,
JONATHAN G. TOMPKINS.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from Cornelius Van Wyck.]
Flushing, August 28th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am informed by Thomas Thorne, a
member of committee, who just came from General Wood-
hull, that he was at Jamaica, and that he just came from
White Stone ; that the ships of war lay between Thorn's
Point and Great Neck ; that there can be no danger of
bringing up our men to this place, if can get them up this
evening. I think it will be proper to send this intelligence
off as soon as possible by the same boat, as I can not get
any other.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servt.
CORNS. VAN WYCK.
P. S. I am just going to Jamaica to the General.
[Letter from Brigadier-General Livingston.]
August 21st, 1776.
May it please Your Excellency —
In the utmost haste I must inform you that, very provi-
dentially, I sent a spy last night on Staten island, to obtain in-
telligence of the movements of the enemy ; as many things
apparently new was seen from our lines. He has this moment
returned in safety. The substance of his information I
must give you. In short, he went on Staten island about
midnight, and got undiscovered to the house of the person
to whom he was sent, who informed him that the whole
force of the enemy, of every kind, was 35,000 men, 15,000
of whom were left on the island, but all the rest embarked ;
lliat they expected to attack every hour ; he thinks this
night at farthest ; it was to be on Long island, and up the
North river; that the 15,000 men were to land and attack
on Bergen Point, Elizabeth Town Point, and at Amboy.
He has heard the orders read, and heard the generals talk
of it ; the wagons are all laid out and ready ; that they
appear very determined and will put all to tlie sword ;
they are in great want of provisions ; pork tolerably good,
but flour exceedingly bad ; they have eat up all the cattle,
and arc now killing and barrelling up all the horses tlicy
meet with. All the field pieces arc taken on board except
two.
294
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
The information may be depended on. £"10 has been
given for a cow, and $10 for a sheep; that the lories on
the island are very illy treated lately, so that the inhabi-
tants who at first were so pleased, would now be willing
to poison them all ; they take from them every thing they
choose, and no one has any thing they call their own,
I am, with great respect,
Your Excellency's most humble servt.
WILL. LIVINGSTON.
[Letter from Thomas Grant.]
Newark JUountain, August 19th, 1776.
Honourable Gentlemen —
On Saturday last being in the city, though very
lame and an inflammation to my wound succeeding my
travel, and necessity required my being home that evening,
was obliged hastily to answer your resolve of the 16th, or
leave it undone, on such paper and in such order, I should
otherwise be ashamed of, for which I craved your indul-
gence. The substance of which I shall repeal, though I
have no copy, neither can I be certain if I mentioned, what
I was determined on at writing, to have the privilege of ex-
portation, as if the whole had been military stores, as part
of it with much propriety falls under that denomination.
This is a material article for me to insist upon, as other-
wise my vessel may be unemployed.
if the Convention, or either of the gendemen of that
Body, have an inclination to employ the brig Friendship,
(a swift sailer,) wholly, or in part, I shall be glad to know
their proposals soon.
You shall be welcome to take all the medicines, and
drugs for medicines in particular, and the few other articles
contained in the invoice ; such as pepper, paper, raisins
and currants, if you think proper ; all the rest must go to-
gether. Copy of invoice I herewith send you ; amount,
with charges at foot, about £340 sterling, of which the
medicines is the better half. I shall be fully content to
take the generous price the Congress published should be
given for military stores ; as an example of which, £30
currency was given for powder, cost in Europe £4 sterling,
or thereabouts. I mean to have £30 for every £4 sterling
at foot of invoice, or in that proportion for what you take.
W^hen I receive your answer in the affirmative, I will send
you the original invoice. I suppose them to be well laid
in, as they were bought for ready money.
That no time may be lost, you may send order to Capt.
Alexander Exceen, now at Long island, for the delivery of
them to your order.
I am, with great respects.
Honourable gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
THOS. GRANT.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New- York at Harlem.
Invoice, ^c. per Friendship, from Lisbon, June 20, 1776.
Millrea. rea.
8 bags, containing 9111bs. pepper, at 250 per lb. 227 750
2 barrels " 17.i alqrs. of prunes, at.. 300 per alq. 5 250
4 bales " 96 reams paper, at 880 per ream, 84 480
10 barrels raisins, at 4400 per lb. 44 000
4 " currants, 7281bs. at _ 45 per lb. 32 760
No. 2, 1 cask, 6341bs. saltpetre, at 200 per lb. 126 400
" 4, 1 " 851bs. gum arable, at 240 per lb. 20 400
" 7, 1 bottle, ISOlbs. oil vitrol, at 150 per lb. 19 500
" 10, 1 barrel, 941bs. cream tartar, at. „..„... " 14 100
" 11, 1 cask, 4341bs sulphur, at 60 per lb. 26 O4O
" 12, 1 barrel, 661bs. liquorice ball, at 150 per lb. 9 900
'• 13, 1 " 501b. camphor, at 1200 per lb. 60 000
" 14, 1 tin cannister in a box, 64lbs. oil copavia, at 360 per lb. 23 040
" 15, 1 barrel, 62lbs raddish, at 200 per lb. 12 400
" 16, 1 cask, 185 juniper berries, at 150 per lb. 27 750
In same do, 561bs. magnesia, at 320 per lb. 17 920
" 17, 1 bottle in a barrel, 711bs. argent vivum, at.. 750 per lb. 53 250
" 18, 1 tin cannister in a box, 611bs. oil almonds, at 300 per lb. 18 300
" 20, 1 cask, 9201bs. magnesia, at 320 per lb. 294 400
" 22, 1 box, 12 reams fine paper, at 2400 per ream, 28 800
1146 440
Charges, 86 882
1233 322
[Letter from Johannes D. Blauvelt.]
Orange Town, Jlugt. 10th, 1776.
Sir — Some days since I received a copy of the resolu-
tions of your House for drawing out a fourth part of the
militia of the counties of Westchester, Dutchess, Ulster
and Orange, for the defence of this country. Whereupon
I immediately give orders to the captains of this battalion
to call tlieir companies together and endeavour to get their
proportion, which was immediately complied with, and
though the officers have made repeated trials, they have
not been able to furnish their quota. The men (it seems)
would not be unwilling to enlist if they knew that they
would have to guard their own shore until an attack should
be made some where else in this State, and then to march
to the assistance of the place attacked. It may not be
amiss to inform you that I have but about one hundred pri-
vates left in my battalion, and am obliged to guard the
shore for about seven miles, to prevent those on board the
British ships of war from landing in this place, which duty
keeps about the one half of my battalion in constant mo-
tion ; indeed they have not time to take the necessary care
of their farms. One of the companies that was raised in
the northern part of this county, has been a day or two
among us, but is now ordered down to King's Bridge.
Should we be obliged to raise our quota and have them
taken away, we shall not only find it difficult to get grain
in the ground, but shall also be too weak to prevent the
enemy from landing. Thus much I have thought it my
duty to say, that the Honourable Convention might know
our situation, and if it is fully considered, I think no one
will be surprised to find our men backward in enlisting, as
no one who has the feelings of a man would choose to leave
his friends, his wife, and his children exposed to the fury
of a cruel enemy. But if after all that has been said, the
Convention should be of opinion that I must raise or draw
out the quarter part of my battalion, I shall readily obey
orders, let the consequence be what it will ; only beg that
I may be informed how to proceed where volunteers do
not offer, for I am at a loss what construction to put upon
some paragraphs in the resolutions.
I am, sir, your very humble servt.
JOHANNES D. BLAUVELT, Col.
To Brigadier-Genl. Woodhull, President of the
Honourable Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from H. Remsen to John McKesson.]
.August 11, 1776.
Dear Sir — Col. Nicholas Covenhoven, from Kings
county, called on me to request I would apply for commis-
sions for the following persons to command the troops draft-
ed from his regiment, viz : John Lane, captain ; Nicholas
Van Brunt, 1st lieutenant; Michael Van Cleef, 2d lieuten-
ant, for one company.
Harmanus Caspar, lieutenant, to command twenty men,
but to be under the command of Captn. Lane.
Col. Covenhoven informed me that the men are all rais-
ed and now at Jacques's Bay, and ready for any duty they
may be ordered upon.
Be so good to deliver the enclosed letter to Major Abeel.
I am, respectfully, sir,
Your obedt. and humb. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from John Berrien, Esq. Chairman of New- York, informing
that James Holden, Robt. Crannell and other tories, have been taken
in Bergen woods, by order of the General, and are now in our jail. ]
Committee Chamber, ?
New-York, Augt. 2d, 1776. <,
Gentlemen — Agreeably to your resolution of the 16th
inst. we herewith transmit you the names of sundry per-
sons taken up in Bergen woods, near Bull's Ferry, by or-
der of the General, and brought before this committee as
disaffected persons to these States. On examination each
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
295
of ihem declared they considered themselves bound in alle-
giance to George the Third, King of Britain, and were not
pleased with the independence of this country, though they
offered to swear they would not take arms for or against
these States. Some of them, we are informed, are in in-
digent circumstances and have large families. We con-
ceived ourselves under the necessity of committing them
to jail as prisoners of State, and doubt not as they were
members of this State, you will speedily give such orders
respecting them and make such provision as you shall think
their circumstances require.
I am, gentlemen, in behalf and by order of the commit-
tee,
Your obedient humble servant,
JOHN BERRIEN, Chn.
Tories — James Holden, James Holden, Junr. Robert
Crannell, James Potter, Edward Drury, David Purdy.
This person's pettiauger was sent on board the Phoenix
since she went up the North river ; with what cargo un-
known.
[Letter from Colo. Isaac Nicoll, requesting provisions, powder and
ball, also a surgeon.]
Haver straw, August 7 th, 1776.
Sir — I am appointed by General Clinton to take the
command at this place. We now have three companies,
and expect daily a reinforcement of one or two more com-
panies. We are without a commissary to provide for the
troops, and have no store of provisions, powder and ball.
I must therefore request that the Congress will give orders
that we may be speedily supplied.
It will also be very agreeable to the regiment I have the
honour to command, if a surgeon was also appointed.
I am, sir,
With great respect,
Your most obt. humble servt.
ISAAC NICOLL.
For Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr. President
of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Wm. Bedlow, covering accounts.]
Fort Constitution, jlugc. 2d, 1776.
Sir — I wrote you last week by Capt. Cook, in which I
enclosed the accounts of the post from my last settlement
to the time of my dismission as a commissioner under the
Provincial Congress, requesting you would be so kind as
to lay them before the committee of accounts for their in-
spection. I have now to desire the favour of the Ho-
nourable the State's Congress of New- York, to order the
amount of those accounts to be paid to Col. James Clin-
ton, who will bring it up to this post with him ; by which
means I shall be enabled to settle with the artificers and
others, who are continually pestering me for their money.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your humb. servl.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr.
[Gilbert Potter's information of the landing of the enemy in Suffolk
county.]
Huntington, Augt. 26th, 1776.
1 had not arrrived at ray house half an hour before I re-
ceived information, by express from Captain Thomson of
Brookhaven, that two ships, one brig and three lenders
had landed a number of regular troops in a place between
the Old Man's and Waiding River, and that at one of the
clock they were shooting the cattle. Major Smith has or-
dered the detachment designed for your parly to the east-
ward, and as our men arc gone and the wind fresh to ihe
eastward, well know they can not lay there. I expect
them in our bay before morning — the only harbour in the
Sound ; have not ordered any men from here as yet, but
am mustering them to make as good opposition as pos-
sible. We must have help here ; every thing-possible for
me shall be done. I think General Washington should
be acquainted. Our women are in great tumult.
In great haste, I am, sir.
Your very humble servt.
GILBERT POTTER.
To Brigr. Genl. Woodhull.
August, nth, 1776.
An account of John Dunlap against the secret commit-
tee and the committee for trying disaffected persons and
those of equivocal characters, &c. as their doorkeeper,
from the 19lh June to the 19th August, was read and ex-
amined, in which he states his whole account at. £24 85.
And he credits :
By cash of John McKesson, seven
dollars, £2 16s.
By do at another time, 15 dollars,. 6 0
By do received of Ab. Depeyster,
12 dollars, 4 16
13 12
£10 16
In Committee of Safety for the county of Westchester, ?
nth August, 1776. $
Gentlemen — The officers who were confined to Bed-
ford as prisoners of war, upon the militia of that place
being called away, have been sent to this committee, and
this committee have limited them within the White Plains.
As they came from Bedford indebted for their subsistence
there, and must become indebted here also, they are soli-
citous that the money engaged to them by the Convention
be paid, in order to defray their expenses. We further
inform you, that a large number of dangerous and disaf-
fected persons are apprehended and now in jail, and many
more will soon be brought to us ; we find our jail greatly
burthened, and beg that your Honourable House will take
them under consideration, and direct what must be done
with them. As we are frequently at a loss for the resolu-
tions of Convention to proceed upon, we earnestly desire
your Honourable House will order your Secretary to fur-
nish us with the same, which will greatly advance the
good of the country and our safe conduct. Be pleased to
lei Mr. Frederick Jay have them, who is one of our com-
mittee.
Bv order of committee.
WM. MILLER, D. Chairman.
[From committee of Westchester.]
Sir — The enclosed we have this day received from
Brigr. Gen. Morris ; we are inclined to answer agreeable
to his request ; but lest the immediate dismission of the
militia might injure the cause, &c.
[A letter from Albany to Mr. President Woodhull.]
New-York, July 4th, 1776.
Gentlemen — John McKesson has this day advanced to
me seven dollars on account, in part of my wages as door
keeper of a Committee of the Congress. Therefore please
to repay him that sum and deduct the same from my pay.
JOHN DUNLAP.
To the Gentlemen of the Pay Table Committtee
and the Provincial Treasurer.
July \5lh, 1776.
Reed, of John McKesson, fifteen dollars on account, as
above. Fifteen dollars.
P. S. I owe Col. Rcmsen 10s. for 200 quills.
296
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Comfort Sands, at New-Rochelle.]
New-Itochelle, August 29, 1776.
Sir — The bearer (Mr. Daniel Rcdfield) was taken last
Monday morning in the Sound, by the ships of war, and
has been detained on board till yesterday; he has just come
to my house, and has given me such information as I
thought proper for you to know. I have immediately des-
patched him to you, that you might take the information
from his own mouth. As he wants much to get home, I
beg you will take his examination as soon as possible and
discharge him. What information he gives you, may be
depended upon, as I have known him a number of years,
and know him to be a very honest man. You will please
also to give him a permit, so that he can pass the bridge
without being detained.
I am, sir, yr. mo. hum. servant.
COMFORT SANDS.
[Letter from J. Drake, Chairman of the Committee at New-Rochelle.]
New-Rochelle, 29th Aug. 1776.
The bearer hereof (Mr. Redfield, of Killingsworth, in
the State of Connecticut,) having, on the 26th inst. had the
misfortune to fall into the hands of our cruel enemies, who
burnt his sloop and made him prisoner, with one Stevens
his partner, until yesterday, when he was discharged and
sent on shore by himself. The committee for the district
of New-Rochelle, where he came on shore, has had him in
examination ; who thought he might give some little in-
formation of the enemy's intercourse with the people in
Queens county, has sent him to you for his further exami-
nation. He is a man of a good character.
By order of the committee.
JOSEPH DRAKE, Chn.
To the President of the Committee
of Safety for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Seth Curtis.]
Kingston, 20th Oct. 1776.
Sir — As soon as I had time to recollect myself, I found
I had made a mistake in your pay roll ; the sergeants' wa-
ges I have drawn upon a par with the soldiers', occasioned
by having too much business then upon hand ; however,
with a httle trouble you will alter that, and instead of their
wages as they stand, it ought to be thus :
£ s. d.
John Graham, sergeant, 8 6 4
Isaac Davis, junr. sergeant, 6 16 6
William Broadhead, sergeant, 8 14 11
£23 17 9
I thought it my duty to give you this timely notice, to
prevent bad consequences ; which please accept from
Your humble servt.
SETH CURTIS.
To Capt- £. Hasbrottck.
[Letter from Robert G. Livingston, at Newark.]
Newark, the 21th Jugt. 1776.
Gentlemen — At this moment, so important to the ge-
neral welfare of America, it becomes every well wisher
of his country to discourage every thing that has a tenden-
cy to weaken our present struggles, as nothing can more
effectually injure us in that way, than a depreciation of the
Continental currency, I was greatly surprised at the con-
duct of a gentleman of New-Yoik, in refusing a sum of
money in that currency. The circumstances are these :
I was bound with Mr. Samuel Hake to Capt. Anthony
Rutgers in a bond of £900. The last Saturday I sent
the principal and interest due upon tliat bond, by Robert
Hyslop to Mr. Rutgers to discharge the same, but he ab-
solutely refused to receive the money offered him, which
was in Continental money.
I thought it my duty to inform you of this matter, as it
may be attended with the most dangerous consequences to
the public interest ; for if such a person as Mr. Rutgers
may refuse it, who may not do the same, and where will
it end ? For my part, I have received lately, very large
sums in that money, with as great a readiness as I would
gold or silver ; but if I can not pass it again, it must be
dead and useless to me, and I must of course refuse it
from my debtors, which must inevitably introduce the
greatest confusion in the country, and which no friend of
his country can think of without trembling.
I lay this matter before you, gentlemen, as being tho-
roughly convinced you will do every thing in your power
to put a stop to such practices.
I am, with great esteem, gentlemen,
Your most humb. servt.
ROBERT G. LIVINGSTON.
Tarry Town, Hth Augt. 1776.
Sir — I would beg leave to represent to the Honourable
Convention for the State of New-York, the disagreeable
situation part of the regiment I belong to is in. For
want of the complement of men to fill up the regiment
under Colonel Thomas, the militia companies near this
place in particular, are under the necessity of turning out
to guard the shore against any inroads of the enemy now
in Hudson's river ; the men under my command (as cap-
tain of a militia company,) think it very hard that they
must turn out and do duty for Continental pay only, when
those that are raised by a resolve of your Convention are
entitled to a bounty, with Continental pay, &c.
As I and the officers under me, never have had any of-
fers or orders to raise a company to join Col. Thomas's
regiment, think it my duty to give this information, and
that I and the men under me think it hard for the above
mentioned reasons, not to be put upon an equal footing
with the militia in the second regiment.
I think I could raise a company in a short time if I had
orders for that purpose ; and should the Convention be of
opinion that it would be for the good of the State to order
a company raised to join the regiment now in service,
would beg the liberty of offering myself as captain there-
of, and that the subaltern officers under me may be ap-
pointed by Col. Hammon and self. I should be very glad
of an answer by the bearer, and am, sir.
Your hble. servt.
ABRAHAM LODERS.
To Brigadier-Genl. Woodhull,
at Harlem.
New-Rochelle, 6th August, 1776.
Sir — When I some time ago delivered in to General
Morris a resignation of my military appointment, I had
not time to commit to writing my reasons for so doing, and
therefore beg leave now to offer them.
On the 19th ultimo, I received General Morris's orders
to call together the regiment then under my command, in
order to draft one fourth of the men for immediate service ;
the General at the same time requested me to meet him
at the White Plains previous to the calling together the
regiment. I accordingly waited on him at the Plains, and
was much surprised to find that I was not to have the com-
mand of the new levies, (which as first colonel, I conside-
red my right,) but that the command was given to the se-
cond colonel in the county.
I expressed to the General my disinclination to continue
in the service, as I considered myself aggrieved by such
a preference given to my inferior officer, but he, notwith-
standing, prevailed on me to call out and meet the regi-
ment for the aforesaid purpose, which I accordingly did,
and solicited the officers to turn out voluntarily in order to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
297
encourage the private men, but they excused themselves,
unless they were commanded by me. I told them the
command was already given to the second colonel ; to him
they particularly objected, and positively refused going.
After this I informed the general of the steps I had taken
and the result, and told him that should I a second time be
ordered to call out the regiment for the purpose of draft-
ing, I had so little prospect of success, that I would beg
leave to resign my commission ; upon this declaration, the
general signified to me that he would procure an order of
the Convention to leave my regiment as it was at present,
but that they should be held in readiness to march at the
shortest notice on an emergency ; with this I was well sa-
tisfied.
But on the 31st of last month, I again received orders
to call them out for the purpose of raising every fourth
man to go under the command of Col. Thomas, where-
upon I took the liberty to deliver up my commission.
I hope the above reasons will prove satisfactory to you,
and dare say you will do me the justice to believe that I
had no other motive for resigning. I have the honour to
be with great respect, sir,
Your most humble servant,
JOSEPH DRAKE.
The Honble. Nathaniel Woodhull.
White Plains, 23d My, 1776.
Sir — I last Friday received orders from General Morris
to call my regiment together, in order to select every
fourth man out for immediate service, according to a re-
solve of the Convention for the State of New- York. Have
since understood that those men were to be commanded by
field officers of the county militia ; and being further in-
formed by a resolve of Convention, that Colo. Thomas is
appointed to the command. As I look upon myself slighted,
or rather superseded, I beg the Convention will take the
matter into consideration. If it should be my commission
that is wanted, I am free and wiUing to give it up. The
dilemma that I am now in, I can not act and save my honour.
From, sir, your very humble servt.
JOSEPH DRAKE.
To the Honourable the President
of the Representatives of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Joseph Drake]
New Rochel, July 2ith, 1776.
Dear Sir — Your favour of yesterday I received enclos-
ing the resolutions of Convention. I met the south part
of my regiment yesterday, according to your request of last
Friday. I first proceeded to the nomination of captains
(in the manner we did the last time we raised men,) to
turn out as volunteers to command the companies now to
be raised, but they as one man peremptorily denied going
at any rate at present. I then, as before, proposed to the
lieutenant, who also with one voice positively refused.
They all as one man determed not to go under any person
to degrade their colonel, whose right it was. I must tell
you that I never saw so much spirit of resentment as there
seemed to be running through the regiment, even from the
captains down to the lowest private. I am well persuad-
ed that I can not get five men out of this part of the regi-
ment without dragging them along like criminals, which dis-
agreeable task I hope you will excuse me from, their re-
fusal being on my account, which makes it the worse for
me to do. What will be done I can not tell. This 1 can
say, that I am sorry from my heart that the service should
suffer on my account ; but at the same time, am happy in
the thought of having a conscience void of offence, in
bringing about this matter.
From, sir, your very humble servt.
JOSEPH DRAKE.
To Brigr. General Morris, at White Plains.
[Vol. II.] 75
[Letter from Cornelius C. Roosevelt, Commissary for Capt Hamilton's
company, with his accounts.]
New-York, July 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — The contract Mr. Curtenius made for
supplying the artillery company with provision in my be-
half, I did by no means expect to deviate from ; but Cap-
tain Hamilton demanding one and a half pound of beef, or
eighteen ounces pork, which was half a pound of beef or
six ounces pork more than my contract stipulated ; there-
fore could not grant the extraordinary supply without the
price being raised equivalent thereto, as I was confident
what I had hitherto received would by no means compen-
sate for what it cost ; which is evident by the following ac-
curate detail, what a ration stands me in agreeable to the
allowance demanded, to wit :
1.^ Pound of beef, or 18 oz. pork, 7d
1 Pound bread, 2i
1 Quart of beer, 1
Peas, meal, candles, soap, &c. 2
And which I granted upon Captain Hamilton's most
sanguine assurances of my being recompensed for the
same. Enclosed is therefore, gentlemen, my account, with
the vouchers, agreeable to which I expect to be paid, and
at that rate will continue supplying the said company. For
less no person can, without sinking money, on account of
he exorbitant price beef, pork and flour is enhanced to.
Should therefore be glad the Honourable Convention would
favour me with an answer per the first conveyance, in
order that I might provide myself accordingly.
I am, in the interim,
With the greatest respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and most huml. servt.
CORNS. C. ROOSEVELT.
[Letter from Jos. Robinson and Noah Smith, of Jamaica, in Queens
county.]
Jamaica, July 26th, 1776.
Gentlemen — By the appointment of Capt. John I.
Skidmore to a majority, the captain's birth to our minute
company became vacant. We therefore desire to inform
you that the said company have chosen (agreeable to the
recommendation of the Congress before us, two of the
members of the committee for the township of Jamaica)
William Ludlam, Junr. for their captain. We therefore
pray you would send up as soon as possible a commission
for the said William Ludlam, Junr. as captain in our first
regiment.
We are, with great respect, gentlemen.
Your very humble servts.
JOSEPH ROBINSON, Dept. Chairman.
NOAH SMITH.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Capt. Jno. Smith at the Highlands.]
New-Tork, June 30th, 1776.
Sir — I mentioned to you yesterday evening that as I
heard there was to be some British officers who are now
prisoners in this or the neighbouring governments, to be
sent to Canada in exchange for some officers of the Conti-
nental army who are now prisoners there, I should be ex-
tremely obliged to you if you will be so kind as men-
tion to the Congress, that the officers of the 42d, or Royal
Highland regiment, who are prisoners in this government
and Rhode-Island government, would be much obliged to
the Congress if they could be amongst the numbers that
may be exchanged. Lieutenant Robert Franklin and I are
the two officers of that regiment that are prisoners in this
government, and Lieutenant Henry Monroe and Ensign
John Campbell, are the two officers lhat were carried
prisoners of that regiment into Rhode-Island by Capt. lV\d-
die of the brigantine armed vessel Andrea Doria. I liope
298
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
you will be good enough to excuse this, and if you will be
kind enough to let me know the result or answer of the
Congress, I will be much obliged to you.
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JOHN SMITH.
Captain 42<Z R. Highland Regiment.
To Robert Van Rensselaer, Esq.
[Letter from Jobs. Sleght, Esq.]
Kingtlon, July 23d, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your letter of the 19th June, together
with the prisoners therein mentioned, we have received
Understand by their parol that the said prisoners are to re-
side in this town or any where within six miles thereof,
and that they are not at liberty to pass and repass when and
where they please within six miles of said town. Under-
standing their parol in this sense, we have confined them
to the town spot only, and to their respective lodgings
after nine o'clock in the evening. The gentlemen officers
understand that they are allowed by their parol to pass
and repass when and where they think proper within the
distance of six miles of this town ; and that our confining
them to any less space than that of six miles is a breach
of the parol, and that they in point of honour are not
bound any longer by said parol. Notwithstanding they
have agreed and promised to abide by said parol in every
thing strictly until the sense of the Congress can be had in
this matter. But at the same time do request that (if
the Congress should be of opinion that they can not have
the liberty of recreating themselves where and when they
think proper, in the full extent of six miles round this town)
their parol may be returned them, and themselves sent to
some other part of the country, where upon their parol
they can be admitted to more liberty.
Signed by order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT, Chairman.
To the President of the Convention ofthe
Representatives of the State of New-York.
[Letter to Robert Benson, Esq.]
Saturday, A. M. 10 o'clock.
Dear Brother Bob — I received yours of Thursday.
The city has been a scene of confusion, but begins to be
more settled. Many of the Jersey militia are gone to the
Kills and Bergen point. They are the best militia, and
with better arms and equipments than any other militia I
have ever seen. There are some exchanges of cannon
about the Narrows and Kills every day. Yesterday after-
noon either two or three tenders went up the Kills succes-
sively and fired at our troops, who returned the fire so
briskly tliat the tenders soon returned. The first tender
soon returned to the fleet, when a second was sent ; she
was, or appeared to be larger, but did not tarry long after
the firing between them began.
I send you a parcel of papers to put in the chest, and a
few letters for the President and members.
Pray let me know whether the order for issuing com-
missions extended to Colonels Ritzema and Clinton's regi-
ments, or either ; if so, please to send me a bundle
or two of commissions. I had only forty-two left here.
All the officers are vastly impatient, and some of them
seem unwilling to think of coming to any action without
commissions. I have ventured to issue the commissions
for Captain Beauman's company, as he (though the young-
est captain in the artillery corps,) is assigned to the first
place of danger. I hope the gentlemen will approve of
my conduct in this instance.
I find I am of some use here ; which, together with my
expectation as well from public report as your letter of
change of place, has prevented my joining you. If you
are like to tarry at the Plains, or if you do not, send me
some blank commissions. I shall attend you without de-
lay.
My best compliments to the gentlemen of Congress and
Mr. Bancker.
It is said that Westchester men are much alarmed at the
great consumption of their sun-fish : and that a considera-
ble share of that waste is charged to Mr. Alderman Brasher
and a few other gentlemen.
I have got cartridges for your fusee, and will bring both
whenever I can be certain where to join you.
I am sincerely yours,
JOHN McKESSON.
P. S. The mayor's court stands adjourned to next Tues-
day. The mayor refuses to appoint a deputy. Some of
the magistrates fear the loss of the city charter. And Mr.
Alderman Bayard writes by this conveyance to the recor-
der to come to town and open and adjourn the court.
To Robert Benson, Esq.
[A letter from Col. Swartwout.]
Fishkill, July 25, 1776.
Gentlemen — These times of distress and danger, when
the lives and health of the soldiers are daily exposed,
and for want of good doctors are often rendered incapable
of doing the public services, loudly calls upon every well
wisher to the cause now embarked in, to recommend such
persons whose skill and abilities are known and can be de-
pended upon ; and as the bearer hereof. Doctor Osborn,
hath for many years resided near me, and hath been res-
pected as a person having skill and abilities in that profes-
sion, I humbly pray the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-Vork will take the matter into their conside-
ration, and if they think Doctor Osborn capable, that they
will appoint him doctor to my regiment.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your very humble servant,
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT.
The Honourable Convention of the Stale of
New-York.
[A letter from Colo. Nicoll recommending a surgeon to his regiment.]
Goshen, 204 July, 1776.
Gentlemen — I understand that a surgeon is wanting to
the regiment which I am to have the command of ; would
therefore recommend Doctor Henry White, of this county,
as a proper person for that station, and should be glad, if
consistent, that he might be appointed.
I am, gentlemen, yours, &c.
ISAAC NICOLL.
To the President of the Honourable Con-
vention of the Independent State of
New- York, at White Plains.
[A letter from Samuel Cook, recommending a surgeon.]
Poughkeepsie, July 24, 1776.
Sir — I understand the Provincial Congress have ordered
a regiment raised from the militia of this county, for our
common defence ; and I am informed that the Congress
have the appointment of the surgeon. Doctor Forman has
a desire of serving in one of them if the Congress would
think proper to appoint him. He has served in the last
war as surgeon's mate, by which means he has had an op-
portunity of being acquainted with disorders incident to an
army ; and as he has ever been engaged in the cause of
his country, and is desirous to serve them in that capacity,
would be glad of your assistance in a particular manner.
I am informed that Colo. Johnson has promised him his
assistance to procure him a surgency in his regiment.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
SAMUEL COOK.
P. S. All your family and friends are well.
To Capt. Zephaniah Platt.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
299
[Letter from Col. Remsen.]
New- York, 24<ft July, 1776.
Sir — I beg you will be pleased to represent to the Ho-
nourable Convention the absolute necessity of instituting a
court of Admiralty for the Stale of New- York, as several
cargoes that are perishable, now wait a determination
or decision of such a court, viz :
A sloop re-taken by Capt. Rodgers, in company with a
Continental armed vessel, laden with flour and lumber, own-
ed in Newport. The flour if not disposed off soon, must
perish.
Two vessels with oil and one with molasses. The oil
is wasting daily, and it is necessary the whole should be
sold, in order that the original owners should have their
proportion, as well as to prevent too great a loss that will
arise from the goods lying in store.
I farther beg leave by your means, to apply to Conven-
tion in behalf of the poor and necessitous families in this
city, who have not been able to procure lodgings and shelt-
er in the country for want of money ; and also for the poor
of the city in our alms house. I am confident the Con-
vention will not suff'er the real poor to perish for want of
support, but cheerfully grant them a subsistence in some
way the least burdensome to the State. A maintenance
it is our indispensible duty as Christians, to grant them; no
more is desired ; and I trust the Representatives of the
State will readily enter into measures necessary to feed
the hungry and clothe the naked.
I have the honour to be, sir,
Your obedt. humb. servt.
HENRY REMSEN.
To General Woodhull.
[Letter from Henry Wilmot, Deputy Chairman &c.]
New-York, 26th July, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have it in charge from the General Com-
mittee of this city and county, to enclose you Henry Dur-
land's and Thomas Fleet's separate bonds for £100 each.
On a close examination, it appeared to the committee that
Durland might at times have made some unfriendly ex-
pressions to some people, which he declared were only for
argument sake, and he readily complied with every requi-
sition that has been taken from suspected persons.
Fleet also satisfied the committee in that respect, but
was unwilling to sign the bond, which he at last complied
•with, rather than go back to jail.
The committee thought it better to let these men go to
their families than to keep them any longer in confinement ;
and they make no doubt but their conduct will meet with
your approbation.
1 am, with due esteem, gentlemen.
Your most obedient and very hum. servant,
HENRY WILMOT,
Dp. Chr. of the Gen. Committee.
The Honourable Convention.
[Letter from H. Wilmot.]
New-York, 26lh July, 1776.
Sir — This enclosed letter is conceived by Mr. John
Ray, Junr. and myself to be of so much consequence to the
State, as to forward it by express ; who has agreed to go
at the same price you pay Mr. Dyckman, if he goes to the
White Plains, and he should not find your Honourable
House removed to Harlem. The other letters I have tak-
en out of the post-office, as they have laid there several
days and no opportunity offered.
I have told the express you would order him to be paid
the customary charge.
I remain, with due esteem, sir,
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
HENRY WILMOT.
Dp. Chr. of Gen. Com.
[Doctor Samuel Bard, certifies that Cornelius Osborn is a surgeon.]
White Plains, July 27, 1776.
I hereby certify, that I have examined Doct. Cornelius
Osborn respecting his knowledge in physic and surgery ;
and that I think him qualified for the office of surgeon to a
regiment.
SAMUEL BARD, M. D.
[Doctor John Augustus Graham reports William Sutton sick.]
White Plains, 26th July, 1776.
According to the desire of the Honourable Convention,
I have duly examined, with respect to the indisposition of
Mr. Wm. Sutton. I find that he labours under a violent
harassing cough, phthisick and disorder of his lungs, at-
tended with universal decay. For the cure of which, or
even to preserve him from imminent danger of a superven-
ing consumption, I should judge it necessary that he have
a free air, proper diet and exercise ; which in the present
situation he now is in, cannot be inhibited.
From, gentlemen.
Your obt. humble servt.
JNO. AUGUSTUS GRAHAM, M. D
To Brigadier Gen. Woodhull.
[Capt. Hamilton's letter to Congress, respecting the subsistence of his
Company.]
July 26, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am obliged to write you, to remove a
difficulty which arises respecting the quantity of subsis-
tence which is to be allowed my men. Enclosed you
have the rate of rations which is the standard allowance of
the whole Continental and even the Provincial army ; but
it seems Mr. Curtenius can not afford to supply us with
more than his contract stipulates, which by comparison,
you will perceive is considerably less than the foremen-
tioned rate. My men, you are sensible, are by their arti-
cles, entitled to the same subsistence with the Continen-
tal troops ; and it would be to them an insupportable dis-
crimination, as well as a breach of the terms of their enlist-
ment, to give them almost a third less provisions than the
whole army besides receives. I doubt not you will rea-
dily put this matter upon a proper footing. Hitherto, we
have drawn our full allowance from Mr. Curtenius, but he
did it upon the supposition that he should have a farther
consideration for the extraordinary supply. At present
however he scruples to proceed in the same way, until it
can be put upon a more certain foundation.
I am, gentlemen,
With the utmost esteem and respect.
Your most obdt. and most hum. servant,
A. HAMILTON,
Capt. of New-York Artillery.
The Honourable the Provincial Congress.
[A letter from Col. Cortlandt and Captain Piatt.]
Peekskill, July 22d, 1776.
Gentlemen — There was yesterday a council of war
held at Fort Montgomery, where it was agreed tiiat three
hundred men would be a sufficient guard on tlie east side
of Hudson's river, from Anthony's nose to Croton, but as
all the troops belonging to this State are withdrawn, the
whole draft has fell on the New England forces, who have
agreed to stay until Saturday next, but think it will be im-
practicable to prevail on them to stay any longer. They
beg the Convention would order such parts of the new
levies as may be raised, to be on the ground by that lime
to relieve them. Col. Cortlandl's regiment has been cal-
led out, and think there may be depended on about fifty or
sixty of the new levies from said regiment by Saturday.
About three hundred of the New England troops returned
home this day, and by some pay rolls delivered in, it ap-
pears that their subsistence money for men and horses,
300
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
will amount to near six hundred pounds, therefore, in order
to pay said subsistence, and discharge sundry other ac-
counts, recjuest the Convention to give an order on the
Treasurer of this State for six hundred pounds, to be paid
to the bearer, John Levinus.
No particular occurrence has happened, the ships re-
main a little below Veiplanck's point ; have made no at-
tempts to land lately. One of their barges was seen night
before last, rowing down the river by Taylor's point. Wc
have since ordered twenty men stationed at Albert Carsen's
below Croton. The detachment from Gen. Ten Brocck's
brigade, have also left Fort Constitution and the heights
they were ordered to occupy above Anthony's Nose, it is
supposed in order to raise their men.
Remain, gentlemen,
Your very humble servants.
PIERRE VAN COURTLANDT.
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jun.
To the Honourable the Representatives for
the State of New-York.
P. S. This instant an olKcer arrived here, by order of
Gen. Washington in search of three French gentlemen
which he found here ; they are suspected of being spies
from Canada.
[A letter from Daniel Denton.]
New-York, July 23d, 1776.
Sir — Some months ago, the second lieutenant of my
company secretly deserted it, but previous to his leaving
me, he assigned his warrant over to Cadwallader Moore,
one of my sergeants, a young man every way well qualifi-
ed to act in the capacity of an officer, and who bears an
unexceptionable character and is of a good family. Upon
relating the circumstances of my being destitute of a se-
cond lieutenant to my company, to some members of the
late Committee of Safety, they told me that they would
mention the matter in Committee, and shortly after, I was
informed by Mr. Cooper, (one of the members I had men-
tioned the affair to,) that the Committee had ordered that
James Miller, my ensign, should be second lieutenant,
and Cadwallader Moore, ensign ; and upon that, Moore
went to some expense in purchasing regimentals, and has
ever since appeared in the character of an officer. Lately
commissions issued for most of the officers of the regiment,
but Mr. Miller's commission was detained from him, and
no commission issued to Mr. Moore, which occasions some
\measiness in my company. I must therefore request the
favour of you to lay the affair before the Convention, and
if any further light is required in it, Mr. Strong the bearer
will be able to give it. I have the only full company in
the regiment, which makes me take the greater liberty of
mentioning the affair to you.
I am, sir, your most obedt. humble servt.
DANIEL DENTON,
Capt. in Sd regiment of New-York forces.
Nathaniel Woodhull, Esq.
[Letter from Geo. Clinton to John McKesson.]
Philadelphia, 25th June, 1776.
Dear Sir — On Friday last the Congress passed a re-
solve for raising a regiment of Continental troops in our
Colony, and although the augmentation of the army ap-
peared necessary, yet the raising a whole regiment in the
Colony of N. York at this time might not (perhaps) have
been ordered, were it not with a view of providing for those
officers who have much merit, from reengageing in the ser-
vice of their country last fall, after the surrender of Mont-
real, and continuing through a most fatiguing and danger-
ous campaign in Canada during the winter. Major Duboys
is highly recommended to Congress as well by the gene-
ral officers as the committee who lately returned from Ca-
nada, (as I am informed,) and I doubt not but he will be
appointed colonel of the regiment, especially as rank as
well as merit entitles him to it. The Congress having
heretofore left the appointment or recommendation of tlie
officers of new levies with the Provmcial Congress, in
which the same are raised, and being therefore loath now
to break through this rule, is (I am informed,) the only
reason why the officers to this regiment are not appomted
here. It will be wise, therefore, to take special care to
make the appointments so as to give no just cause of com-
plaint by appointing the officers according to the rank they
bear in the arrangement made by General Montgomery at
Montreal, on their reengaging in the service until the 15th
of April ultimo, except where real and extraordinary merit,
or the contrary, may warrant a deviation from this general
rule. Enclosed I send the arrangement made by General
Montgomery of the officers in my brother's regiment ; and
have noted such as are already provided for in the regi-
ment to be recruited in Canada by Colo. Nicholson. I
also enclose you a list of the officers in Colo. Nicholson's
regiment, as those who are already provided for by ap-
pointments in that regiment, can have no pretensions to
any appointment or promotion in this, they having been
provided for while it was uncertain whether any more
troops would have been raised. General Montgomery's
faith to his officers, also reengaged in the service at
Montreal, will not be kept unless the appointments in this
regiment are made agreeable to this arrangement, as
thereby many officers acquired new and higher rank in
their respective regiments than what they had by the print-
ed arrangements made by Congress last summer. My
reasons for mentioning this is, because your Congress may
not have heard of such new arrangement, and by taking
up the old one might do injustice to those who the Con-
gress have in view more particularly to provide for. Capt.
Bruyn, I believe, is the oldest captain who continued in
Canada ; and from my brother's character of him, well
deserves the post which his rank will entitle him to. He
is a young man of education and fortune, and bears an
unblemished character. I wish and believe young Piatt
may be properly provided for in this regiment ; he was
with Major Duboys and Capt. Bruyn at Point Lacoy, at
the engagement between our people and a number of Ca-
nadians, in which the latter was defeated, and behaved
well, as Major Duboys can testify.
We have just received the disagreeable intelligence from
Canada, of the defeat of part of our army under Genl.
Thompson, and of his being taken, &cc. &cc. which you
must have had before it reached us. We seem unfortu-
nate in that quarter ; but we must learn to bear the sound
of bad as well as good news ; indeed, it would be unrea-
sonable to expect the chance of war always in our favour.
We have nothing new here worth communicating; when-
ever we have, you may expect to hear from me. I mean this
scroll for my friends Treadwell and Hubbel, as well as
you, not having time to write to either of them. My best
compUments to them, and believe me to be
Yours, most affectionately.
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. Please to forward the enclosed to Mrs. Clinton.
I can't find any such stockings as you mentioned yet. I
can get green thread German Town stockings, but very
dear. Will they do ?
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from the Indians to Henry Wisner, asking for gunpowder.]
Onenhoghkicage, 4ih June, 1776.
Brother — We received your letter with joy, wherein
you manifest your great satisfaction with our disposition to
lie still and bear no part in your disputes ; this is our de-
termination. We are concerned for your welfare, and la-
ment your distressed circumstances. We return you thanks,
that in the midst of your troubles you remember us still,
and are devising means to supply our wants, both of pow-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
301
der and goods. We thank you for the sample of powder
you sent us ; we judge the powder is good. You inform
us that you have ei-ected powder works, and that you hope
shortly to be able to supply us. We wish you success,
and bid you welcome to trade with us, both in powder and
goods. We hope you will bring powder, lead and flints,
as soon as you can ; for if we do not find these, we shall
not have any skins to buy goods with in the fall.
We use freedom, brother, to open our minds to you,
as you are one of members of the Congress at York.
We have been told by our brothers, this long time, that
we should soon have powder plenty, for they are making
it every where. We have long waited, and do not find it
plenty yet, for they carry it all away for use of the army.
We hope by this time there can be a place appointed
where we may receive powder, for those who are on the
contrary part, tell us that we shall be more distressed and
brought to greater straits, but we have hopes that you will
be able to disappoint them by giving us a speedy supply.
Please to accept of our compliments, for that is all we
are able to present you.
These from your brothers of Onenhoghkwage and
Tuscaroro.
ADAM,
PETER,
PETERES,
HENDRICK,
Chiefs.
SETH,
Tuscaroro.
To Mr. Henry Wisner, Esqr. at Walkill.
[Letter from Wm. Hopkins, Chairman of Oyster Bay Committee.]
In Committee, for Township of Oyster Bay, ?
July 22d, me. 5
Gentlemen — By request of Capt. Daniel Noorstrant,
we do make application to your Honourable House for a
commission for Jacob Totton, first lieutenant under above
said captain, instead of Daniel Hendrickson, who abso-
lutely refused executing his commission. Reasons may
be given sufficient for his excuse.
N. B. The company belonging to Capt. Noorstrant,
hath unanimously appeared and chosen Jacob Totton, 1st
lieutenant.
By order of committee.
WILLIAM HOPKINS, Chairman.
To Chairman of County Committee,
or his deputy.
[Letter from Egbert Benson, Chairman of Dutchess County Commit-
tee, to the Deputies of that County.]
In Committee or Safetv, )
Dutchess County, July 20th, 1776. 5
Gentn. — With pleasure we acknowledge the receipt of
the resolution of the Convention, directing the raising of
two regiments in the county, and be assured we shall enter
upon the business with the utmost alacrity ; however, we
conceive the levies will be completed with infinitely greater
despatch, if we can be furnished with money, in order to
pay the bounty immediately upon enlisting. Indeed we
conceive it will be impossible to procure a suflScient num-
ber of volunteers without it. We must therefore earnest-
ly entreat that a sum necessary for that purpose may be
transmitted to us immediately. We have authorized Mr.
Paul Schenk, of Poughkeepsie, to receive it; and we will
pledge ourselves that the utmost care and attention will be
observed in the disposition of it. Brigadier Ten Brocck
has appointed next Tuesday for the officers and the com-
mittee to meet, to fix the quotas of the several regiments.
The l)usiness would be greatly expedited if we could have
the money on that day to distribute it, and give to each
regiment its respective proportion.
I remain your most obedient servt.
By order of the committee.
E(JBT. BENSON, Chairn.
To the Deputies of the County of Dutchess,
in the Convention of the State of New-
York, White Plains.
[Vol. ii.J 7G
[Letter from Saml. Curson to Comfort Sands J
St. Eustatia, 20th July, 1776.
Mr. Comfort Sands :
Sir — My last respects was the 30th May. I
then forwarded you duplicate of sales of Captain Pullar's
cargo, with bill of lading, and invoice of what I shipped in
return. Also the Hon. Congress's account current — ba-
lance due me, £620 7s. 2d. If you find it right, I shall
be much obliged to you to pay it to Messrs. Curson and
Seton, as I owe them a large sum.
Powder continues in great plenty ; it has lately been
sold as low as 30s. per cwt. Will not you be in want of
blankets next winter ? they may be had here at 2 and Ss.
a piece.
Provisions are like to be very much wanted soon ; there
is but little good in these islands. If we have not larger
supplies than heretofore we may suffer much. The Eng-
lish islands already feel the effect of America withdraw-
ing their trade from them ; and some begin to think with
us, Great Britain will lose her object.
I am, with great respect, sir,
Your most obedient servant,
SAM. CURSON.
To Mr. Comfort Sands, Merchant, New- York.
[Letter from Col. Weissenfels.]
New- Fork, July Uth, 1776.
Sir — Mr. Jonathan Holmes not having been able to
perform the condition of the resolves of the Honourable
House, dated June 27th, and obtained another resolve of
July 12th, which certificate required in said resolve, can
not be granted by Capt. Riker, because he can produce
but eleven able bodied men and a little boy, which number
has always according to former resolves, entitled a person
only to an ensigncy ; and inasmuch as Colo. Pelton, can
produce a certificate from his captain, for having enlisted
nineteen men, I would humbly recommend him for a lieu-
tenant's commission. He is a good officer, and already
experienced in military discipline.
Please to allow me to make another observation in Mr.
Pelton's favour, that he has enlisted his men during the
contest, and Mr. Holmes only during the term of six
months and nine months, which in my humble opinion
ought not to meet with the encouragement that the former
deserves. Mr. Holmes therefore will be glad, I fancy, to
accept of an ensign's commission.
I leave these premises to your Honours' consideration,
and humbly entreat the favour, that for the good of the
service, you will be pleased to grant my request.
I am, with much respect, sir.
Your most humble and obedt. servt.
FREDR. WEISSENFELS.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress,
of New- York.
[Letter from Capt. Riker.]
Wednesday, VllhJuly, 1776.
Gentlemen — This is to certify that Mr. Jonathan
Holmes brought into my company eleven able bodied men
and one small boy, that is too small to pass muster.
From your obedient humble servt.
ABRAHAM RIKER, Capt.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress,
of New-York.
[Letter from Colo. Ludcnton of Dutchess.]
Frcderickshurgh, July I9th, 1776.
This may inform your Honours that I meet with some
difficulty in furnishing my quota of men for the present
emergency, for want of commissions in the regiment
which I have the honour to command. We have a num-
ber of officers chosen already that liave no comtnissions,
302
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
and several more must be chosen in order to have the regi-
ment properly officered ; and whereas I have applied lo
the county committee for blanks to be filled up, and there
is none to be had. Therefore, I, in conjunction with the
committee of this precinct, would desire there might be
about 20 blank commissions sent up by Mr. Myrick, the
bearer hereof.
I would further acquaint your Honours that the regiment
is destitute of majors, and would be glad if your Honours
would appoint two gentlemen to that office, and fill up com-
missions for them.
There are two gentlemen that I do with the advice of
the committee nominate, viz. Mr. Gee, (his Christian name
I am not able to tell,) of Philips precinct, and Capt. Ebe-
nezer Robinson of this precinct. These gentlemen are
doubtless known by several of the members of the Honour-
able House.
From your humble servt.
HENRY LUDENTON, Colo.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
[Extractor a letter of Gen. Washington.]
HEAD-QnAHTEKs, New-Yobk, }
July mh, 1776. S
Gent. — By Messrs. Broome and Dewer I was yester-
day favoured with your several resolves of the 16th inst.
The spirit and decision in which they are formed, will I
doubt not appear in their e.xecution, and as far as I can
cooperate, I shall most cheerfully contribute all my aid and
assistance. The state of this array would make it im-
proper for me to send up any general officer in the Conti-
nental service to take the command of the levies proposed
to be raised ; and from the nature of the service, I should
apprehend a knowledge of the country and its inhabitants
would be necessary. Genl. Clinton on all accounts ap-
pears to me the most suitable person, and as the appoint-
ment is made dependent on me, I shall nominate him,
unless some objection be made or difficulty arise, which I
do not now know.
Copied from the book.
A. H. HARRISON, Secy.
[Copy of Gen. Washington's order to Jno. J. Livingston for powder.]
New-York, July 19th, 1776.
Sir — Please to deliver to the order of the Convention of
the State of New-York, fifteen hundred weight of powder,
for which this shall be your sufficient warrant.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To John J. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter from General Washington.]
Head-Quarters, ?
New-York, July 7th, 1776. )
Gentlemen — Your letter of the 15th instant covering
the resolutions of the same date was duly received, which
I beg leave to say was noble, and does honour to your re-
spectable Body. It likewise adds a further proof of your
determination to afford me all possible assistance in dis-
charging the important duties of my office. It is impossi-
ble to say what may be necessary, but shall conduct as the
exigencies of the case may require, and doubt not your
cheerful aid and assistance whenever called for.
It has been out of my power to procure more whale
boats than are absolutely necessary for the night guards ;
doubt not you will be able to procure the number you
want from the western shore of the Sound, which may be
easily transported by land or by the way of King's Bridge
to the Nortlr river.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
With respect and esteem,
Your most humble servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Honble. Provincial Convention
of the State of New-York-
[ Letter from Gen. Scott.]
New- York, July Kith, 1776.
Sir — This will be delivered to you by Lieut. Cole, of
my brigade. He is from Queens, and should have been
under the command of the Richmond captain, had he not
proved a villain and joined the enemy. I do not know
what to do with him in the present situation of things. He
has 12 men with him now in camp; he expects by the
evening to be made up to 25. It would be a great pity to
lose so stout and handsome a young fellow. I could pro-
vide him with a second lieutenancy ; but he has too much
spirit to be degraded. I like him well, and wish something
may be done for him by Congress. Is it possible, sir, that
the Congress can sustain the clamours of the army, and
the murmuring of the inhabitants, occasioned by their re-
treat. For God sake, for the honour of the State of New-
York, and for their own honour, bring them back if possi-
ble.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
[Certificate of the Wallkill Committee, in relation to Henry Wisner's
powder mill.]
Wallkill, Ulster county, July 16th, 1776.
These are to certify, that Major Moses Phillips and
Henry Wisner, Junr. Esqr. has erected a powder mill upon
the Wallkill in said county, which we look upon to be ve-
ry well executed ; and did, with a large number of other
spectators, see it at work on the twentieth day of last May.
Since which time by information of the workmen (which
we look upon to be men of veracity,) it has manufactured
200 lbs. weight or more of good merchantable gunpowder
in one day, and so successively.
DAVID CORWIN,
JONATHAN SMITH,
WM. DENN,
Members of the county committee.
JAMES BUTLER,
One of the builders.
Committee Chamber, >
miite Plains, 12th July, 1776. S
Mr. being duly sworn on the Holy Evange-
Hst of Almighty God, deposeth and says : That some time
after William Sutton returned home from Governor Try-
on's ship, he (this deponent) was informed by said Sutton
as follows : That our people were to be cut off from New-
York, and that the King's troops were to land about ten
miles from ^Mamaroneck ; that Hudson's river was to be
occupied by them ; that the fleet was to be drawn up in a
line before New- York, with intent to keep the forces there
in action, in order to give the transports a better opportu-
nity of running up the North river, with intent to cut off
the communication between the country and city ; that the
King's standard was to be hoisted, and that the tories would
then have a chance ; that said Sutton further informed this
deponent, that Robert Sutton, of Long island, would join
the regulars with seven hundred men well equipped ; that
a proclamation would be issued out by the King's party ;
that the people would then know what they had to expect ;
and that there would be forty-five thousand troops sent
over to America this summer. And this deponent says,
that he heard John Sutton (son of the aforesaid William)
declare, that the regulars would land between Mamaro-
neck and Horseneck, and that he would join them. And
this deponent further says, that he heard James Horton
say that he was sure the Ministerial army would conquer,
and that matters would soon be settled. And further says
not.
By order of committee.
JOHN THOMAS, Junr.
Chairman.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
303
In Committee of Safety, )
White Plains, 12th July, 1776. S
The within de ponent came before this committee, and
made oath that he saw Joshua Gedney, of Dutchess coun-
ty, have a long list of men's names who would join the
Ministerial army ; that said list of names was dehvered to
Governor Tryon by said Gedney, in the presence of this
deponent. And this deponent further says ; that he heard
Caleb Fowler, Junr. of North Castle, degrade the service
he had been in, and that if he went again he would go like
a man and join tlie Ministerial army.
By order of committee.
JOHN THOMAS, Junr.
Chairman.
In Committee op Safety, )
White Plains, loth July, 1776. 5
Mr. came before this committee and made
oath, that William Sutton, did, about fourteen days ago, at
the house of Nicholas Morrell, at Mamaroneck, declare, in
the presence of this deponent and James Reynolds, cabi-
net-maker of New- York, and several others, whose names
this deponent does not at present recollect, that in case In-
dependency was declared by the Continental Congress, that
there were three colonels in the service that would join
the Ministerial army. And further says not.
By order of committee.
JOHN THOMAS, Junr.
Chairman.
[Copy of the minutes of Ulster County Committee, with a letter from
the Chairman relative to Cadwallader Golden.]
In Committee for the county of Ulster, )
New-Paltz, July 4, 1776. ^
In consequence of an order issued by this committee
the 20th ult. directing Cadwallader Colden, Junr. to appear
here this day, where he had appealed from the joint com-
mittee of Newburgh and New-Windsor on the 24th ult.
Mr. Colden appeared accordingly, and a letter being pro-
duced and read to this committee, directed to the joint
committees of this county by Cadwallader Colden. Junr.
wherein the said Colden refers to the principles and
opinions he hath ever professed since the present disputes
between Great Britain and the Colonies took place ; but,
as he says in his letter, while he thought they might in
the least contribute to ward off the calamities he then fore-
saw must attend the public measures then adopted. He
then gave this committee a specimen of those principles,
which are as follows, viz. That he had ever been opposed
to the measures adopted for the redress of grievances ; and
ever believed that America was aiming at what he now
saw plainly was taking place, to wit, independency, whicli
he should ever oppose with all his might, and wished to
the Lord that his name might be entered on record as op-
posed to that matter, and be handed down to latest poste-
rity to show them his disapprobation of it.
On this Mr. Colden was desired to withdraw. Then
the committee proceeded to consider of the matter, toge-
ther with the evidence of Messrs. Palmer and Logan,
which they were already furnished with. After debating
the affair for some time, the committee resolved to give
Mr. Colden the offer of signing the late association, pub-
lished by our Provincial Congress, with the addition,
that he should, in the presence of that committee, dcclaie
upon his honour, that he would immediately equip himself
for the field of battle, and in case of actual invasion, go
forth with the rest of his neighbours to action in defence of
his country. His answer at first was, that he would not,
let the consequences be what they would. Only a small
space elapsed, when he desired that the committee would
indulge him, (on his parol of honour,) a few days to con-
sider of the matter, and consult his family. On which he
was desired to withdraw till the committee should deter-
mine whether his request would be granted ; he did, and
the committee determined that he should give a direct an-
swer immediately. Of this he was notified ; and after con-
sidering the matter for some time, he returned, and told
the committee that if he must sign it, he must. The com-
mittee then observed to him, that they would use no com-
pulsive means for that purpose. That if he did sign it,
they would recommend it to him to do it freely. He then
answered, that he supposed the consequence of his not
doing it would be his being sent to jail. To which the
committee answered him, they had not as yet determined
what was to be done in that case ; but observed to Mr.
Colden, that it was inconsistent with the character of a
gentleman to sign any thing contrary to his sentiments for
fear of a httle punishment. On which Mr. Colden with-
drew again. After some time he returned, and informed
the committee that he would now sign the association as
directed by Congress, but thought the committee had no
right to impose additions. To this the committee an-
swered him, they had determined on the matter and would
not recede. On this Mr. Colden said they might do as
they pleased ; then turned his back and departed the room.
After which the committee then resolved, that Cadwalla-
der Colden, Junr. be committed to the common jail of this
county, there to remain until discharged by the Provincial
Congress, or this committee.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr. Chairman.
A true copy from the minutes.
In Committee for the county of Ulster, )
New-Paltz, August 6, 1776. J
Gentlemen — This day Mr. Colden made application
to this committee for his enlargement. The committee,
out of compassion to his son Cadwallader, (who appears to
be a decent young man,) consented to liberate him to the
bounds of his own farm, on his giving sureties and obliga-
tion for two thousand pounds, that he would not depart the
same until he received full liberty from the Honourable
Convention of this State. This being done, he desired a
copy of the minutes of this committee, the time he was
committed. The committee thinking they were under no
obligations to gratify Mr. Colden in this particular, informed
him they would transmit a copy of them to the Honourable
Convention, which would answer the necessary purpose
for him ; which, gentlemen, this committee give you pre-
ceding this, and beg leave to inform the Honourable Con-
vention of the motives that influenced their conduct toward
Mr. Colden, which he so loudly complains of as arbitrary
and cruel. Some of the members of the Newburgh and
New-Windsor committees being present at the time Mr.
Colden was tried and committed, did then inform this com-
mittee the reason why they took notice of Mr. Colden,
he being some distance without the bounds of their dis-
tricts, although more contiguous to them than he is to the
greater part of the precinct where he lives, was, that the
times grew very alarming; tories were extremely impudent;
a most infernal plot just discovered in New-York, which
was supposed to extend to most parts in the Province ; se-
veral persons in this country strongly suspected as being
concerned therein, and some of them sent for to New-York.
They farther knew that orders had been issued by this
committee to every precinct committee in this county, for
disarming all suspected persons, of whom they freely
thought Mr. Colden one.
After wailing some time, they perceived that the com-
mittee of the precinct of Hanover in which Mr. Colden
lives, took no notice of him, agreeable to the aforesaid order
from which they were induced to believe tiic common re-
port to be too true, i. e. that the committee of the precinct
of Hanover were afraid to treat Mr. Colden as he deserved,
for there was a general report in the country, wiiich they
believed could be fully proved, that after Mr. Colden had
signed the general association, he broke tlie same by
cither giving or selling a book or books to a certain person
304
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
in this county, which contained poisonous doctrines, di-
rectly opposite to the efforts which the United Colonies
are making for the preservation of their invaded rights ;
this the aforesaid committee passed over without doing
any thing material in it. They considering these things,
concluded themselves under obligations to act for the pub-
lic safety, being equally concerned in the consequences
with their neighbours, whom they could not avoid tliinking
rather remiss in their duty in this particular, because no-
thing could be inferred, or learned from Mr. Colden's whole
conduct that would serve for a sufficient reason why he
might not be engaged in plots and conspiracies against the
liberties of his country ; for although Mr. Golden did sign
the general association, it is evident he only meant it as a
sanctuary for his person and property, never liaving acted
in the smallest degree agreeable to the spirit of it, or in
his heart bid it God speed. A few considerations will
clearly demonstrate the truth of this. At the very juncture
of time the association made its appearance, Mr. Golden
was intensely engaged in procuring subscribers to his fa-
vorite protest, (a copy of which we here enclose the Ho-
nourable Convention for their perusal,) which he alludes to
in his letter directed to the joint committees of Ulster
county where he says " I said that I had made no secret
of my principles and opinion on these matters, while I
thought they might in the least contribute to ward off those
calamities I foresaw must attend the public measures then
adopted, and which is now too unhappily come to pass.
That when I found I could do no good in that way, I had
entirely avoided interfering in any shape in public affairs."
And nothing appears as yet cither from Mr. Colden's ac-
tions, words or writings, by which it can be fairly constru-
ed that his political principles are one jot altered from
what is expressed in the protest, so that it will not require
a spirit of divination to disclose the principle on which Mr.
Golden signed the association. These gentlemen farther
informed this committee, that they considered this protest
as the evil seed sown in this county, from which the whole
of the fruits of toryism sprung ; for to their knowledge up-
wards of sixty persons in the precinct of Newburgh had
subscribed it, numbers of whom indeed were rather to be
ranked among the lower class of mankind, but appeared to
be possessed of more common honesty than Mr. Golden ;
for after they had signed the protest, they stoutly defended
their conduct by refusing to sign the association, which
caused great expense and trouble to the good people of this
county, every shilling of which is justly cliargeable to Mr.
Colden's account who retreated and left them in the lurch.
Farther, they conceived, that the end and design of the
association, was not to be a state of neutrality, (which Mr.
Golden freely confesses he had observed;) but a firm bond
of union for mutual defence, which required activity, also
an obligation to obey the rules and resolutions of the Con-
gresses. How far Mr. Golden hath obeyed relative to the
disposition of the militia is easily known, by the enclosed
depositions of Messrs. Palmer and Logan, one broken gun
in his house, (which to use his own words) " in these times
he did not think worth while to have it mended."
It would be trespassing on the time and patience of this
Honourable Convention, to enumerate every minute cir-
cumstance relative to this man's conduct, therefore will
only add, that after considering the reasons given by the
gentlemen of the Newburgh and New-Windsor commit-
tees for dealing with Mr. Golden, this committee was of
opinion they did no more than what was right at this criti-
cal period. Also that Mr. Golden appeared, (all things
considered,) to be a person dangerous to the welfare of the
United States of America at this alarming crisis, there-
fore committed him to jail, and have since given him the
privilege of his own farm as before recited, until fully dis-
charged by the Honourable Convention of this State.
We have the honour gentlemen, to be, with the highest
esteem,
Your most obedient humble servants.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Jun. Chairman.
To Ihe Honourable Itepresenlatives in
Convention of the .Stale of New-York.
P. S. The Honourable Convention will please to note
the great difference between Mr. Colden's representation
of matters, and the minutes of the committee. Also this
committee would inform the Honourable Convention of
the motive that induced them to propose the addition Mr.
Golden so much complains of, although no more in fact
than what is contained in the association, Mr. Golden
being upwards of fifty years old, of course an exempt by
the militia laws, and found destitute of arms, the commit-
tee was of opinion Mr. Golden should be somewhat expli-
cit on that particular.
[Orders of Queens County Committee.!
July nth, 1776.
By order of Queens County Committee :
We the subscribers were appointed a sub-committee to
regulate the district of Capt. Peter Nostrant on the south
side of Hempstead, that four companies had been thrown
into one, accordingly we have made the district of the late
Capt. John Birdsall's company for one company, and ac-
cordingly notified the people on this day to meet and choose
their military officers. There met a number of men and
made choice of Richard Jackson for their captain ; Zebn-
lon Seaman ; first lieutenant ; John Lewis, second lieuten-
ant, and Smith Brush, ensign ; to which we beg the favour
of the Honourable Provincial Congress to grant them their
commissions.
Gentlemen,
We are your very humble servants,
JOHN WILLIAMS,
JOHN BIRDSALL,
BENJAMIN BIRDSALL,
Three of the County Committee.
[Letter from Thomas Cregier.]
Shrewsberry Town, July 9th, 1776.
Worthy Sir — After my due respects to you and your
Honourable House, I am to inform you what has brought
me to this place. You must in the first place know, my
business here is to draw on you for some cash, which Mr.
John Murry has supplied me with, sixteen pounds sixteen
shillings, on account of your schooner General Putnam,
for which I have given a bill payable at three days' sight,
which I hope will meet with honour. I sliould not have
come thus far, but understanding at Squam Inlet, where I
left my vessel this morning, that there was a letter here
for me from you, I thought proper to come myself, but
cannot find any ; here was a letter for me, but it has been
intercepted.
Sir, on the fifth of this instant, being about 9 miles dis-
tance to the SE. of Egg Harbour, I saw two sail stand-
ing to the northward ; I then gave them chase ; the wind
bemo- hght, I got out my oars, and rowed until three
o'clock in the afternoon, when the wind came to the SW. ;
after eleven hours' chase, I drew near them ; I then short-
ened sail and got all clear for action ; at 4 in the after-
noon I got within 170 yards of the sternmost ship in order
to board her, but she putting her helm hard a starboard,
hauled up her ports, gave me her whole of ten guns : she
proved to be a Ministerial pirate of 20 guns. I hauled my
wind in for the shore, she did the same, and continued
firing without intermission. When I was within 400 yards
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
305
of the shore, I made a small tack, but she being very near
me I received her whole broadside, at which I hove about
and ran ashore, about 40 yards from Squam Inlet. I then
got all my arms and ammunition on the beach, and the
ship came to anchor about a quarter of a mile from us, and
began a heavy firing upon us ; at last, she hoisted out
two barges and manned them with about 50 men ; but as
ihey approached the shore, we handled them so roughly
that they were obliged to make a scandalous retreat. She
continued her fire until dark, when she weighed, expend-
ing upwards of 400 weight of powder. I had 17 large
holes in my mainsail, and some shot in my hull. When
the tide made, I got my vessel into this inlet, where I will
repair as soon as possible, and hope to pay the pirates for
this usage.
I am your humb. servt.
THOMAS CREGIER.
Thomas Randle, Esqr. Member of the
Provincial Congress, or in his absence.
Jacobus Van Zandt, Esqr. Member
as aforesaidj in New-York.
[Letter from Committee of Kingston.]
Committee Chamber, ?
Kingston, July 8th, 1776. J
Gentlemen — ^We beg leave once more to trouble you
with a complaint which is now become general, which is,
that notwithstanding our frequent apphcations, we are yet
left destitute of powder ; and, gentlemen, we have reason
to believe that this is not owing to a scarcity of that ne-
cessary article, neither do we believe it to be a neglect of
your Honourable Board, as we have been informed that
an order has been issued from thence for that purpose.
But, gentlemen, whatever may be the reason, is unknown
to us ; it is, however, a matter of fact, that we have re-
ceived none as yet. It is also well known that our town
has for a long time been crowded (and is yet) with a set of
Ministerial cut-throats, regular officers and soldiers, sent
here as prisoners. A detachment of our militia has been
lately sent down to New-York, and although strictly charg-
ed to come with arms and ammunition, they were obliged
to go without powder, for we had none. The southern
and northern Ministerial armies are drawing nearer ; above
all, the savages threaten slavery, death and destruction to
us, and for aught we can see, it is likely that the whole
militia will be called upon to defend the dearest rights and
liberties of our country. Considering these circumstan-
ces, how unaccountable is it that we who stand foremost in
defence of our invaded liberties, should be left destitute of
the only means by which we can defend ourselves. This
being the case, we most earnestly beg the favour of you
to lake this matter into your most serious consideration,
and grant us such timely relief as in your wisdom shall
think proper.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedient
And most humble servants.
By order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT,
Chai)-man.
P. S. Wc just now received a letter from a member of
the committee of Rochester, an extract whereof is in the
words following : " I yesterday spoke with Silas Bowker,
from Papaconk; he informs me that an old savage (a friend
of his) has advised him to abandon the place wilhoul de-
lay, with his family, to prevent their destruction. Alas,
if they attempt, we arc undone ; we must fall piecemeal,
without revenge, as thct enlh man among us can not pro-
duce a charge of powder. If the Congress can pass this
unnoticed, then adieu America."
To the President of the Provincial Congress
of New-York
[Vol. II.] 77
[Letter from Johannes Hardenbergh.]
Rosendall, Ulster Countij, July 8tk, 1776.
Gentn. — Whereas I think it my duty to lay before
your Honourable Board, by way of complaint against the
proceedings of the county committee, held at the house of
Mistress Ann Duboys on or about the 13th day of June
last, when there was laid before the committee, the or-
der from your Honourable Board, for me to give my
reasons why I had signed and delivered two credentials
to our Delegates dated on one and the same day. I hap-
pening to be there that day to deliver some papers to that
committee, which was in my hands as chairman of the
former county committee, which I conceived necessary to
be delivered to them. When I was there in the latter part
of the day, I was informed by the chairman of said com-
mittee, that there was an order from your Honourable
Board for me to give my reasons why I had signed two
credentials on one and the same day ; on which notice to
me, I desired of the said committee some days' time to
draw and give in my reasons at the next meeting ; which
I was denied, but ordered to give my reasons the next day
at 11 or 12 o'clock, which I thought impossible forme to
do, being then 12 miles from home, and having none of ray
papers with me, was obliged to ride home that night; where
I came at 1 o'clock in the morning, when I examined
the proceedings of the county committee of the 16lh and
25th of April, as also of the 13lh of May, and then drew
my reasons, which I conceived would be satisfactory to
your Honourable Board, in the best manner the time 1 was
allowed would admit of.
What follows the extraordinary proceeding of that admi-
rable county committee : on the 29th of June T received a
letter from the chairman, dated the 28th of June, to attend
the said committee on the 4th of July next, to account for
the money in my hands, which I had received by an order
of the former county committee from your Treasurer, Mr.
Van B. Livingston (in the presence of two of your mem-
bers, whereof I think Mr. Van Zant -was one,) and then to
deliver the remainder to such person as they appointed to
receive it. On which notice I attended on the committee
and accounted for the money in my hands ; the balance
then in my hands was £267 ; which balance I conceived
I could not give out of my hands, as I stand accountable
for the said sum of £360 at any time to the Honourable
Congress, when they or any of them shall be pleased to
call me to account, or to answer such contingencies of
the county as they shall think a proper county charge, or
such allowances as have been made a contingent county
charge.
Gentn. — Whereas I was on the 13th day of May last
empowered by the then county committee to receive the
before mentioned sum of money, to pay the contingencies
of the county to such persons as had a just right thereto;
and on the 28th of June by a new county committee, was or-
dered to deliver the sum then in my hands on the 4lh of July
to such a person as they directed me. I conceive those pro-
ceedings to be such a reflection on my character, that I must
either be guilty of some mal-praclice, or not performing my
duty in the payment of that money entrusted in my hands ;
with cither of which I can not charge myself, and defy any
person to charge me with any misconduct in llie payment
of that money. I therefore thought it my duly to lay the
same before your Honourable Board, and shall be ready at
any time to obey your order in the payment thereof, or
such others as have a right to dispose thereof pursuant to
the directions of your Honourable Board.
Gentn. — As 1 have had the trouble to get the money
brought from New-York here, I expect to have the paying
thereof to sucii persons as have a just riglit to tiie same ;
but in case your Honourable Board should bo of opinion
to order itic to pay it to any one ])crson, I shall think my-
self entitled to the same fees as if 1 had paid it to many.
Gentn. — The confidence I put in the Provincial Con-
306
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &lc.
gress, from where I expect ihe clearest streams of justice
will flow to every person that may come before your Ho-
nourable Board, has induced me to lay this before the
Honourable Congress.
And remain, gentlemen, with esteem.
Your most obedient humble servant,
JOHANNES HARDENBERGH.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
for the Province of New-York.
[Representation from Cadwallader Colden, Junr. to Provincial Con-
cress.]
Ulster County Jail, July Gth, 1776.
Gentlemen — The enclosed copy of a letter which I
wrote to the general committee of this county, I beg leave
to refer you to, as it contains a true relation (to that time)
of a most arbitrary, cruel treatment to me. And as, instead
of meeting with redress where I applied for it, I was, most
unexpectedly, sent here, where I am now confined in the
common jail, with a criminal, &c. I shall now relate the
truth of what passed in the county committee when 1 ap-
peared before them, pursuant to their order, (a copy of
which I also enclose.) No evidence or proof, in any shape,
appears to contradict what I had set forth in my letter to the
committee. Nor did any new matter appear against me,
only that the officers who had searched my house, declared
that they could find no arms at all, which gave suspicion
that I must have secreted them. When they searched my
house and asked me for arms, I told them tiiat there was
but two guns in the house, the one a left-handed one, for
my own use, which was broken in the stock, and at these
limes did not think worth while to have it mended ; the
other a fowling piece, belonging to Doctor Anlill, which
my youngest son appeared with at the training. That all
the spare arms I had in the house I had caused to be dis-
posed ofj!to the soldiery, and did not shew them these guns,
as I made no doubt they had seen them standing in the
common room. Likewise my son's pistols and sword hung
up in my best bed room, where some of these officers
lodged the remainder of the night, and if they did not see
them I could not help it. It is true, my own pistols I forgot
to tell them of, as they lay on a shelf of a closet in my bed-
room, where they had been out of sight for a year or two,
and one of them has the lock broke. I have been the more
particular about this trifling circumstance, as it seemed to
be the only matter before the committee that they hinged
upon. They had indeed a letter, dated last January, said
to be wrote by one Hamilton to his brother, in which my
name was mentioned ; but this letter was found to be the
same that had been handed to several committees last win-
ter, and which by them had been judged to be forged by
some malicious person on purpose to make mischief.
The committee then asked me if I would sign the asso-
ciation agreed upon in Provincial Congress the 20th of
June ? I told them that I was wifling to take the oath pre-
scribed by the resolve of that day, relating to the secreting
of arms, but as to signing the association, I desired some
days to consider of it. But that not being granted, I said,
rather than go to jail, (which I found was like to be the
case,) I would sign it. But then they were for adding ano-
ther clause to it of their own forming, upon which I posi-
tively refused to sign it, whereupon I was committed to
this jail, as I have already said, and here to remain till dis-
charged by them or the Provincial Congress. Now as the
county committee have adjourned not to meet till summon-
ed, and as they are so dispersed that they can not be soon
called, if they inclined to take the matter of my discharge
under consideration ; but more especially, as I have little
reason to expect any favour or indulgence from men who
have acted thus arbitrary, obliges me to appeal to your
Honourable House, where I doubt not I shall meet that
speedy relief my situation and the justice of my cause
merits at your hands. And am, gentlemen.
Your most humble servant,
CADR. COLDEN, Junr.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of the Province of New- York.
[Mr. Auchmuty's parol, taken 6lh July, 1776.J
I, James Auchmuty, being made a prisoner of war, by
the army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North Ame-
rica, do promise and engage, on my word and honour, and
on the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to the
township of Bedford, in the Province of New-York, being
the place of my destination and residence, and there, or
within six miles thereof, to remain during the present war
between Great Britain and the said United Colonies, or
until the Congress of the said United Colonies, or the As-
sembly, Convention, or Committee or Council of Safety
of the said Colony shall order otherwise ; and that I will
not, directly or indirectly, give any intelligence whatsoever
to the enemies of the United Colonies, or do or say any
thing in opposition to, or in prejudice of the measures and
proceedings of any Congress for the said Colonies during
the present troubles, or until I am duly exchanged or dis-
charged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D. 1776.
JAMES AUCHMUTY,
Storekeeper for the Engineer Depart.
[Parol of John Simpson.]
I, John Simpson, master of the ship Saville, a victual-
ing transport, being made a prisoner of war, by the army
of the Thirteen United Colonies in North America, do pro-
mise and engage, on my word and honour, and on the faith
of a gentleman, to depart from hence to the township of
Bedford, in Westchester county, in the Province of New-
York, being the place of my destination and residence, and
there, or within six miles thereof, to remain during the
present war between Great Britain and the said United Co-
lonies, or until the Congress of the said United Colo-
nies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Committee or
Council of Safety of the said Colony, shall order otherwise ;
and that I will not, directly or indirectly, give any intelli-
gence whatsoever to the enemies of the United Colonies, or
do or say any thing in opposition to, or in prejudice of the
measures and proceedings of any Congress for the said
Colonies during the present troubles, or until I am duly
exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D. 1776.
JOHN SIMPSON,
Master of the Saville Victualler.
[Parol of Thomas Remington Harris.]
I, Thomas Remington Harris, being made a prisoner of
war, by the army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North
America, do promise and engage, on my word and honour,
and on the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to
the township of Bedford, in Westchester county, in the
Province of New-York, being the place of my destination
and residence, and there, or within six miles thereof, to re-
main during the present war between Great Britain and
the said United Colonies, or until the Congress of the said
United Colonies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Com-
mittee or Council of Safety of the said Colony shall order
otherwise ; and that I will not directly or indirectly give
any intefligence whatsoever to the enemies of the United
Colonies, or do or say any thing in opposition to, or in pre-
( judice of the measures and proceedings of any Congress
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
307
for the said Colonies during the present troubles, or until I
am duly exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D.
1776.
THOS. REMINGTON HARRIS,
Mate of the Savage sloop.
[Parol of WUliam Elder.]
I, William Elder, being made a prisoner of war, by the
army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North America,
do promise and engage, on my word and honour, and on
the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to the town-
ship of Bedford, in "Westchester county, in the Province
of New-York, being the place of my destination and resi-
dence, and there, or within six miles thereof, to remain
during the present war between Great Britain and the said
United Colonies, or until the Congress of the said United
Colonies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Committee or
Council of Safety of the said Colony shall order other-
wise ; and that I will not directly or indirectly give any
intelligence whatsoever to the enemies of the United Co-
lonies, or do or say any thing in opposition to, or in preju-
dice of the measures and proceedings of any Congress for
the said Colonies during the present troubles, or until I am
duly exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D.
1776.
WILL. ELDER, Volunteer.
[Parol of William McDermott.]
I, William McDermoth, being made a prisoner of war,
by the army of the Thirteen United Colonies in North
America, do promise and engage, on my word and honour,
and on the faith of a gentleman, to depart from hence to
the township of Bedford, in Westchester county, in the
Province of New-York, being the place of my destination
and residence, and there, or within six miles thereof, to re-
main during the present war between Great Britain and
the said United Colonies, or until the Congress of the said
United Colonies, or the Assembly, Convention, or Com-
mittee or Council of Safety of the said Colony shall order
otherwise ; and that I will not directly or indirectly give
any intelligence whatsoever to the enemies of the United
Colonies, or do or say any thing in opposition to, or in pre-
judice of the measures and proceedings of any Congress
for the said Colonies during the present troubles, or until I
am duly exchanged or discharged.
Given under my hand, this sixth day of July, A. D.
1776.
WILLM. McDERMOTT.
[Letter from the Committee of Ulster, relative to Col. Hardenbergh's
regiment.]
In Committee, for the County of Ulster, \
m July, 1776. S
Gentlemen — On the 13th of May last, in the town of
New-Paltz, tlie committee of this county there met, at
which meeting Col. Hardenbergh, who was then chairman,
produced a resolve of our Provincial Congress, by which
it appeared that the committee of this county was authoriz-
ed to draw on Peter V. B. Livingston, Esqr. Provincial
Treasurer, for the sum of three hundred and sixty pounds,
to be applied toward paying the contingent expenses that
might accrue in this county ; on which the committee then
met on the 13ih of May aforesaid, made out an order on
Mr. Livingston, for the above named sum, in favour of
Col. Hardenbergh, whom they, the committee then ap-
appointed their Treasurer, making him amenable to tlic
committee for his disbursements from lime to time ; also
for the stock in hand, whenever thereto called by that com-
mittee.
At a meeting of the committee, on the 27th ulto. it was
resolved that a new treasurer should be elected, and an
order made outdesiring Col. Hardenbergh to appearand ac-
count with the committee, who were to meet this day. Ma-
jor Joseph Hasbrouck was unanimously chosen treasurer
on the 27th ult. and this day Col. Hardenbergh appeared
agreeable to the notice given him, but absolutely refused
giving up the money remaining in his hands, alledging that
he considered he personally was accountable to Congress
for the money, having given his receipt for it, and would
not deliver it up to the committee without an order from
Congress for that purpose. To all this he was pretty fully
answered by the committee, but to no purpose, he being
determined.
Now, gentlemen, in order to shew you that this com-
mittee do not mean to act in this matter with the least par-
tiality towards any person, neither have they any objection
to Col. Hardenbergh's having remained their treasurer,
provided he had remained in the committee ; but his being
voted out in the precinct where he lived, rendered him in-
capable to serve in the character of chairman in the county
committee any longer. Of course, he would have no bu-
siness that could induce him to attend the committee more
than other individuals ; therefore every person who had
accounts against the county, and lived in the southern parts
of it, after having them audited by the committee, must be
put to the extra expense and fatigue of traveling from the
house of Ann Dubois, to Col. Hardenbergh's to receive
their money, which certainly would be a grievance, and is
wholly removed by the appointment of Mr. Hasbrouck as
treasurer, who lives contiguous to the house where the
committee meets ; of course convenient for persons from
every part of the county. Therefore, gentlemen, we beg
that you will immediately lay this matter before the Ho-
nourable the Convention of our State, and procure us an
order that will enable us to draw our money from Colonel
Hardenbergh, which (we conceive) he unjustly detains
from us, and thereby be enabled to discharge the accounts
that appear to be justly due by us. Also, gentlemen, that
you will be pleased to solicit the Convention for a determi-
nation what commissions Col. Hardenbergh is entitled to ;
as that gentleman declared before the committee he would
be paid a commission as ample for the whole sum, as
though he paid it out in small parcels ; therefore beg the
Honourable Convention may fix this matter, lest there
should some altercation take place between that gentleman
and this committee, concerning it, which we would by all
due means endeavour to avoid.
We have the honour, gentlemen,
To be with great esteem.
Your most obedt. huml. servts.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr. Chairman.
P. S. Gentlemen, must beg your care and vigilance in
the above. The affair should long ere this been sent to
you, having been committed to my charge, but our late
troubles give me other employments. Last Tuesday our
committee met, and fixed officers for our rangers, in which
we found no other difficulty tlian choosing the persons who
should serve from an extra number, having nine offiired for
captains, and fourteen lieutenants. Isaac Belknap, Jacob
R. De Witt, and Elias Hasbrouck, are the captains.
Gentlemen — as it doth not appear by the resolves con-
cerning the raising of rangers, who is to muster them, or
where, or by whom, they are to be stationed, I have it
in charge from our committee to write you concerning
those particulars, begging that the Honourable Convention
may direct concerning them.
I am, gentlemen,
With tlie greatest esteem,
Your very hum. scrvt.
ROBT. BOYD, Junu.
To the Members of the County of Ulster,
now in the Convention of the Slate of New- York.
308
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from John Morin Scott, with a number of prisoners of war.]
New-York, 5th July, 1776.
Sir — Tlie Continental Congress having by their resolve
committed the disposal of the prisoners ot' war, taken and
brought into this Colony, to our Congress, I send you by
a lieutenant of my brigade and a guard of twenty men, the
following prisoners of war, to wit :
James Auchmuty, storekeeper in the engineer depart-
ment of the enemy, and brother to Doctor Auchmuty, with
his wife and child.
Wm. Paterson and his child, servant to the storekeeper.
Richard Bruere, son of the Governor of Bermuda, mid-
shipman in the British navy.
Samuel Cox, sloop captain.
These were taken in a Bermuda sloop, (one of the ene-
my's fleet, loaded with entrenching tools) by Capt. Rogers,
in our privateer, on the back of Long island.
Wm. Elder, volunteer in the Royal Highland emigrants ;
Wm. McDermott ; Thomas Remington Harris, master's
mate ; Wm. Metcalf, and Joseph Woolcombe, midship-
men ; John Simpson, master. James Wilson, John Mur-
ray, Samuel Coppin, seamen. Jeremiah Rierdon, John
Gibbons, Henry Killigrew, Francis Clemens, Michael
Cowney, Caesar Freeman.
These have been taken, as I understand, in the enemy's
boats. His Excellency General Washington, is very un-
easy at the detention of prisoners of war in this city at this
critical juncture. The jail is crowded with a variety of
prisoners, and they seek every opportunity of communica-
tion with our internal and unconfined enemies. An in-
stance of this was discovered the day before yesterday,
consisting in an attempt of the prisoner Auchmuty to com-
municate with his nephew by the agency of J. L. C.
Roome, whose note for the purpose was found upon a
negro before it reached young Auchmuty. It was the Ge-
neral's opinion that the above mentioned prisoners should
be immediately sent to our Congress to be disposed of by
them in some place of security, and charged me with the
doing of it. They will be delivered to the Congress by
Lieutenant Gilbert Dean and a guard of twenty men of my
brigade. However inconvenient it may be to return me
the guard, I must earnestly insist that it be immediately
done. My brigade is very thin, and there is already a
large guard gone out of it to New-England with the Scotch
prisoners of war.
I have nothing material to inform Congress of more than
as follows, to wit : Independency declared last Tuesday
in Congress by an unanimous voice. Our infamous breth-
ren of Staten island, instead of assisting the troops in re-
moving the stock, drove them into hiding places ; not above
1 00 were got off. The enemy, or a part of them, are
landed on Staten island ; live in great harmony with the
inhabitants, who sell them their stock for hard money, and
I suppose were never so happy in their lives. An attempt
was made on the Jersey shore, but upon the appearance
of the militia they returned to the island again, and broke
up the causeway ; and Richard Lawrance was the first
man on that work. Brigadier Herd, of the Jersey militia,
with a party and two twelve pounders have destroyed one
of the enemy's tenders in the Kills.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most obedient servant,
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
To the President of the Provincial Congress
of New-Yorkj at M'hite Plains.
[Request of Jamaica committee to send a commission for a second
lieutenant.]
Jamaica, July 1, 1776.
We, whose names are here subscribed, being members
of the committee of the township of Jamaica, do certify
unto the Honourable the Provincial Congress, that Mr.
Thomas Denton was chosen agreeable to recommendation
of the Congress, as 2d lieutenant in Captain Abraham Dit-
more's company in the first regiment in Queens county.
AMOS DENTON,
JOHN THURSTON.
P. S. We desire a commission may be sent to the
chairman of the committee of Jamaica.
To the Honourable the Provincial
Congress of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Adjutant-General Reed.]
Head-Quarters, July 1, 1776.
Sir — The General being informed that the Provincial
Congress of New-York have collected a quantity of lead,
in divers parts of the city, requests they would be pleased
to let Mr. Commissary Cheever have all that can be spared,
as it is one of those articles of which the array stands at
present in the greatest need.
I have the honour to be, sir,
Your most humble servant,
JOS. REED, Adjt. Genl.
The Honourable President of the
Provincial Congress of New- York.
[Letter from Col. Van Cortlandt and Capt. Piatt.]
Peekskill, July ISth, 1776.
Gentlemen — We proceeded in consequence of your
order, up the river ; when we came to Croton found the
ships anchored in Haverstraw bay. We posted Colo.
Hammen, with 140 men on the banks of the river to the
best advantage, and proceeded to PeekskiU, rallying as we
went along the people near the river, to keep out proper
sentries along the river to watch the motion of the enemy.
As soon as we came here we despatched an express to
Dutchess county to call in half of the militia, and forward
your letter to Capt. Van Sant, &c. at the same time sent
out for half of the militia of Cortlandt manor to march im-
mediately to this place. Wednesday morning went over
to Fort Montgomery to confer with Genl. Chnton, when
to our great joy we found six hundred of the militia of
Orange and Ulster counties, and great numbers had been
sent back, all in high spirits. We then returned back in
order to go up to Fort Constitution ; but on our return, being
informed that a number of troops were within six or eight
miles of this, from Connecticut, we thought prudent to stay
until they came in, in order to provide for them and fix
their stations. About this period one of the tenders hove
in sight, beating up into Peekskill bay ; she beat up within
about two miles of Fort Montgomery and then bore away
and stood down the river, when our people at the fort fired
one gun at her ; she run round the point of the Dunder
Bergh, sent her barge ashore and plundered a poor man's
house and garden, stole a hog and put off. As she went down
between Verplank's point and the west shore, our men gall-
ed her much with their musketry ; the tender in her turn
returned a heavy fire with her cannon, but did no damage
that we have heard of. About three o'clock, Maj. Gay of
Sharon came in with 260 men ; soon after Genl. Ten
Broeck from Dutchess, and Genl. Fellows from Massachu-
setts arrived with part of their brigade, and many more are
on their march. We sent an express to Genl. Clinton to
send for Colo. Clinton to meet us at Fort Montgomery at
10 o'clock this morning, to confer with us and Genls.
Ten Broeck and Fellows, in order to form a general plan
of operation. The returns are not properly made out as
yet, but conclude there is about 600 men now here, and
expect there will be by night, 1200.
From gentlemen, your very humble servts.
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT,
ZEPHA. PLATT, Junr.
To the Honourable the Representatives
of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
309
[Letter from Colo. Hamman.]
Corllandt Ferry, July 19th, 1776.
Sir — I am informed by a member of the Convention
that a complaint was made against me by one of the House,
that I was deficient in performing my duly on the night
that the enemy's ships came into Tarry Town ; and also
that there is a charge exhibited against me relative to some
pork sent by me to New-York for the use of the troops.
I confide, sir, in the justice of your Honourable House,
that no sentiments prejudicial to my reputation will be en-
tertained until I have an opportunity of vindicating my-
self, when I doubt not I shall prove to the Honourable
Convention that the charges are entirely groundless. I
should, sir, have immediately waited on the Convention
upon receiving notice of the complaint, had I not been
stationed here, and been fearful that ray leaving this post
without orders would be detrimental to the service and in-
jurious to ray reputation. But, sir, whenever the Conven-
tion will be pleased to order ray attendance upon them, I
shall gladly embrace the opportunity of shewing that I
have endeavoured to serve them to the utmost of my
abilities. So no more at present.
But remain, sir, your very humble servant,
JAMES HAMMAN, L. Colo.
To Genl. Nathaniei, Woodhull.
[Letter from David Mathews, Esq.]
White Plains, 18th Jlugt. 1776.
Sir — I was in hopes of being called before your com-
mittee when they were last in New-York, in order that I
might have an opportunity of acquitting myself of harbour-
ing any dangerous designs against the liberties of America.
I would now, sir, beg the favour of being heard before
Congress, before they come to any final determination
about me. I hope they will not deny me this favour, as I
should be extremely sorry to be sent away without having
an opportunity of endeavouring to acquit myself of these
heavy charges that have been exhibited against me.
I am, sir, with esteem.
Your very humble servt.
D. MATHEWS.
[Letter from Col. Malcolm, desiring arms and pouches.]
Camp at Greenwich, July 16th, 1776.
Col. Malcolm requests that the Honble. the Congress
will obhge him with orders on P. T. Curtenius, and Com-
missary Norwood for arms and pouches. There are of
both in store, and his regiment is destitute. He hopes to
receive it by Lieut. Cole.
[Letter from Lieut. Col. James Hamman.]
Manor of Cortlandt, Croton Ferry, July 17th, 1776.
To the Honourable Gentlemen of the Provincial Con-
gress :
This morning mustered the regiment, and upon parade
appeared 46 men ; our men are at present very much
fatigued. Capt. Ledue's company in defiance of us all,
waded through the ferry and are gone off. The Ministe-
rial ships are still riding in Haverstraw bay. We have
been very peaceable last night. We should be thankful
for a speedy return.
From yr. humble servt.
JAMES HAMMAN, Lieut. Colo.
To Brigr. Genl. Woodhull,
President of the Provincial Congress.
P. S. I this minute received intelligence from a man on
Cortlandt manor, that the tories told him before the ship-
ping came up, when they would come, and that when they
came the tories were to collect to assist them.
[Lelter from Egbert Benson.]
Red Hook, July 15th, 1776.
Gentn. — I received a letter yesterday from Genl. Wa-
shington, informing that two ships of war had sailed up
Hudson's river, with design, as supposed, to seize the
passes in the Highlands, and requesting that the militia of
this county, and from the western towns in Connecticut,
might instantly march to secure these posts. The letter I
immediately transmitted to Brigadier Ten Broeck, and de-
spatched the necessary expresses to Connecticut.
This general call of our militia will be attended with
many difficulties, which has induced rae to write you upon
the subject, in order that we raay have the advice of the
Convention, and that the peculiar circurastances of our
county may be taken into consideration. I conceived it a
matter of such importance that I have hired an express to
convey this letter.
In no part of the Colony have the resolutions of Con-
gress respecting dangerous and disaffected persons, been
so strictly executed as in this county. Agreeable to these
resolutions, we have disarmed a great number of people,
and the arms have been applied either to arm the compa-
nies, from time to time, raised in the county, or sent to
the forts in the Highlands, for the use of the troops in
garrison there, and consequently the county is deprived
of them, without a possibility, (as there are none
either manufactured or to be purchased,) of procuring oth-
ers in their stead. Not only so, but many of our friends
have parted with their arms to the Continental forces, out
of zeal for the cause ; and very lately, upon a very press-
ing letter from Col. Clinton, the whigs in this neighbour-
hood spared him forty-five muskets, conceiving that we
had much belter be without arms ourselves, than that the
troops whom we are obliged daily to pay and subsist, and
stationed in places subject to an immediate attack, should
remain unarmed.
The number of persons in the county who by these
means are destitute of arms, must be considerable. In
the precinct where I live, (than which I doubt whether
there is two in the county where there is less disaffection)
the militia of which consists of about 400 men, upwards
of 100 have been disarmed for that cause, besides many
who have sold their arras from the motives I mentioned ;
and I am informed by a gentleman who attended the late
reviews, that of some regiments, the entire rear and great
part of the centre ranks were without arms.
To disarm people because they were supposed too dan-
gerous to be entrusted with arms, which indeed was the
case, and it being out of their power to either to procure
them again or others in their stead, and then to call these
people out into action, appears rather inconsistent. But
even admitting we could equip them properly, it is a mat-
ter well worth considering, the danger of bringing a num-
ber of persons (and the number will be great if our whole
railitia marches,) actually our enemies, into the field to op-
pose an array which they are daily seeking opportunities
to join. On the other hand, to permit ihem to remain at
ease, without compelling them to bear their part of the
burden, is unreasonable, will be productive of clamour and
dissatisfaction, if not entirely prevent others from turning
out in defence of their country. It is true, we have al-
ways obliged the tories to appear in the ranks and be sub-
ject to be drafted, because we knew that in most cases
ihcy would hire others to serve in their stead, (I mean
when the drafts were intended to form a part of the army,)
and such as were not of sufficient ability for that purpose,
have deserted and lurked in the woods, and were the occa-
sion of the late insurrection. We have always thought
we should be happy if we were capable of combating our
internal foes, and leave those from without to be resisted
in some other way.
[Vol. II.]
78
310
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Our militia, merely as a militia, seem to be not proper-
ly the subject of a general call ; or in other words, con-
sidering how many are unarmed and how many from their
enmity to our cause should be confined at home were they
even disposed to march, the hihabitants of this county col-
lectively can not be formed into a nnlilia for every pur-
pose. What is the proper remedy I will not pretend to
determine, I take the liberty of mentioning the expedi-
ent I proposed when last before Congress, namely, that
without depending on the militia, a certain military force
or corps should be raised to act in its stead. If it should
be deemed unreasonable that it should be at the expense
of the Colony, lei it be a county charge. The expense
will be great, it is true, but it will then be an ecjuai,
whereas it is now a partial lax. I have no digested plan
for raising this corps or body of men to serve in lieu of the
militia. Suppose they were to have a trifling pay when at
home, for they need not always be embodied ; and when
in actual service, the Continental allowance. I would
propose that certain superintending officers should always
be in pay, who should constantly go through the county and
see that the men were trained, equipped and furnished with
ammunition. I fear that estimating the strength of the mi-
litia by the number of men in the county, we may rely
too much on them and be fatally deceived.
But there is another matter which I would not choose to
mention publicly, and that is, you cannot command the
militia throughout the county. Your government is not
firmly enough established for the people to yield a willing
obedience ; and I think it dangerous at this critical lime,
to put it to the test ; a successful resistance in one instance
might be attended with very serious consequences.
I can appeal to some of you that I have made the mili-
tia of the county the object of my attention for some time;
and the result of my observations and reflections have
been, that as it is now circumstanced, we shall derive very
little if any advantage from them in the present conflict.
Upon the whole, considering how critical affairs are be-
come with respect to us, and that by these ships sailing
up the river, the seat of war is in some measure transfer-
red to our own borders, it is high lime, nay, it will not ad-
mit of the least delay, to provide for the safely of the
county in some way independent of the militia. Do not
let the fear of expense deter you; our all is at slake, and
I am not convinced that the least expensive mode of war-
fare is by suffering the whole body of farmers to be called
out and harassed upon every occasion.
I remain your very humble servant,
EGBT. BENSON.
N. B. The militia from the extreme part of the county,
have marched to the southward. Should they not have
been kept as a reserve in case of a disaster to the north-
ward 1
To the Representatives of the county of Dutchess,
in the Convention of the State of New- York.
In Committee of the State of New-York, \
July Uth, 1776. 5
Ordered, That John McKesson, as Secretary of the
Convention of the said State, receive from Isaac Roose-
velt, Esquire, all the plates, borders and engravings made
for printing the emission of money or bills of credit issued
by order of the late Congress of this Colony, and that the
said John McKesson get those plates, borders and engrav-
ings conveyed to the White Plains by the best conveyance
he can readily obtain.
HENRY REMSEN,
LEWIS GRAHAM,
GOUVR. MORRIS,
LEONARD GANSEVOORT.
[Letter from Egbert Benson, Chairman of the Committee of Ulster
county, covering resolves, &c.J
Dutchess County, July 12th, 1776.
Sir — I am now, by the direction of the committee, to j
acquaint you with a dangerous insurrection that has hap-
pened in this county, but which, through the extraordinary
exertions of our friends, is now happily suppressed. We
have not been able as yet, with any tolerable degree of
precision, to discover how many persons were engaged,
though we have reason to believe that the number was
great ; and had they not been opposed with spirit and in
season, they would in a few days have become formidable.
There were about two hundred embodied and actually in
arms. They had furnished themselves with arms by pre-
viously going about in small parties, the night before, and
disarming the friends of liberty.
We have apprehended several ; the rest are skulking in
the woods ; however, we shall endeavour to have them all
taken.
The number of delinquents in this affair is so great that
we are at a loss how to proceed, and for that reason must
entreat the advice of Congress respecting the matter, as
soon as possible. Our own jail, with safety, will not con-
tain above twenty persons, considering the number of
debtors already in confinement ; and therefore, we have
sent those who were taken actually in arms, to Connecti-
cut ; a few to be closely confined, and the others to be
disposed of in the towns, till the pleasure of Congress can
be known.
About five hundred of the militia of Connecticut, upon
a report that the insurgents were very numerous and were
collecting fast, came to our assistance, and have left bills
for subsistence unpaid to a considerable amount ; and ap-
plications have already been made to the committee for
payment.
You will please to lay this matter also before Congress ;
and that we may be directed how those bills are to be dis-
charged. We would observe, that should they not be
paid, our warmest friends will in many instances be suffer-
ers, as the troops were obliged to quarter themselves
wherever it was most convenient. Indeed, the committee
conceive this expense ought, by all means, to be borne by
the country.
We are now confirmed in a sentiment I mentioned
when I appeared last before Congress, namely, that it will
be impossible to preserve peace in the county, and effec-
tually to carry into execution the resolutions of Congress,
without a standing military force, equal to what we re-
quested at that time ; and therefore, must beg that we
may still be indulged in raising another company for the
service of the county. We are confident that the Colony
might rather have maintained a regiment for six months,
than have suffered the loss it will sustain by the militia's
being called out to quell this insurrection at this critical
season of the year. A future call may be prevented by a
sufficient military force to overawe the disaffected.
I have the pleasure to inform you that many inhabitants
of the county, upon this alarming occasion, behaved with
becoming resolution, and testified a spirit and zeal truly
worthy of men engaged in the cause of freedom.
I have the honour to be,
Your most obedient servt.
By order of the committee.
EGBT. BENSON, Chairman.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, Esqr. President
of the Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Committee who conferred with Genl. Washington on the
propriety of driving stock to the pasture on Long island.]
New-York, July \2th, 1776.
Gentlemen — We have conferred with the General con-
cerning the removal of the stock back again to the pastures
from whence they were driven ; he was much chagrined
at the proposal and absolutely refused his consent, men-
tioning the unhappy consequences of not seasonably re-
moving the stock from Staten island. He is of opinion
that all means should be used with the utmost expedition
to remove the stock from Long island, for which he pro-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
311
mises to give all necessary assistance. We are of the
same opinion, and hope your House will not lose a mo-
ment in giving peremptory orders concerning a matter of
such vast importance. We are just informed by General
Putnam, that one of Lord Howe's fleet arrived yesterday :
the utmost despatch is necessary. We need use no ar-
guments ; the affair of Staten island being fresh in our
minds.
We are, gentlemen, your humble servts.
ABRM. KETELTAS,
SAML. TOWNSEND,
JNO. BROOM.
[Extract of the votes and proceedings of a general Convention of De-
legates on the New-Hampshire Grants.]
Extracts of the votes and proceedings of a General Con-
vention of 51 Delegates, on the west side the range of
Green Mountains on the New-Hampshire Grants, held at
Dorset, the 24th day of July, A. D. 1776, said numbers
represented the inhabitants of 35 townships on said Grants.
Captn. Joseph Woodward, Chairman.
Doct. Jonas Fay, Clk.
This convention being of opinion that the business
which occasions their meeting at this time requires the
most serious deUberation, are disposed to pass the follow-
ing votes, vizt :
1st. That not more than one person be permitted to
speak at a time in this convention, and only by leave of
the chairman, &c.
2d. That the business of the meeting be closely ad-
hered to, and that the several articles in the warrant for
this meeting be considered in due order, except otherwise
overruled.
After receiving the report from the Honourable the Con-
tinental Congress by Captn. Heman Allen. Voted to pass
over the 4th, 5th and 6lh articles of the warrant, till 9 o'-
clock to-morrow for consideration.
Adjourned to 6 o'clock to-morrow morning.
Meeting opened at time and place.
Proceeded to the consideration of the fourth article of
the warrant, and the same is objected to.
Proceeded to the consideration of the fifth article of the
warrant, and voted, that suitable applications be made to
form the district of land commonly called and known by
the name of New-Hampshire Grants, into a separate dis-
trict. Dissentants only one.
Proceeded to the consideration of the sixth article of the
warrant, and voted to recommend it accordingly.
Voted to choose a committee to treat with the inhabitants
on the east side the range of Green Mountains, relative to
their associating with this body.
Voted that Captn. Heman Allen, Col. William Marsh and
Dr. Jonas Fay, in conjunction with Capt. Samuel Fletcher
and Mr. Joshua Fish, together with such other gentlemen
on the east side the range of Green Mountains, on said
Grants as they may hereafter appoint to join them, be and
are hereby appointed a committee for the above purpose.
Adjourned one hour.
Meeting opened at time and place.
Proceeded to the consideration of the following associa-
tion, vizt :
This convention being fully sensible, that it is the will
and pleasure of the Honourable the Continental Congress,
that every honest friend to the liberties of America, m the
several United States thereof, should subscribe an associa
tion, binding themselves as some body of community to
stand in defence of those liberties, and whereas; it has been
the usual custom of individuals to associate with the Co-
lony or State which they are reputed to be members ; yet
nevertheless the long and spirited conflict which has for a
number of years subsisted between the Colony of New-
York, and the inhabitants of that district of land commonly
called andknownbythename of the New-Hampshire Grants,
relative to the title of the lands of said district, renders it
very inconvenient in many respects to associate with that
Colony. But the better to convince the public of our rea-
diness to join in the common defence of the aforesaid, we
do pubhsh and subscribe the following association, vizt :
We, the subscribers, inhabitants of that district of land
commonly called and known by the name of the New-
Hampshire Grants, do voluntarily and solemnly engage
under all the ties held sacred among mankind, at the risk
of our lives and fortune, to defend by arms the united
American Colonies against the hostile attempts of the Bri-
tish fleets and armies, until the present unhappy contro-
versy between the two countries shall be settled.
The foregoing associating being approved is accordingly
signed by fifty of the members of this convention, and voted
that each inhabited town on the New-Hampshire Grants be
served with a copy thereof, and that it be and is hereby re-
commended to each of said inhabitants who are friends to
their country, that they severally subscribe the same as
soon as may be, and make return by the delegate or dele-
gates which they are hereby directed to appoint to join this
convention at their next silting at Dorset, the 25th day of
September next, at 8 o'clock forenoon, to which time and
place this convention stands adjourned.
By order,
JONAS FAY, Clk. G. Convention.
[Letter from Lieut. Hamman, stating the ships have left Tarry Town
and sailed up the river.]
Tarry Town, July IGth, 1776.
Sir — The shipping have all left this harbour and are
now sailing up the river with a fair wind, 1 likewise have
marched my men up the river. The number of my men
is 120.
I am your humble servant.
JAMES HAMMAN, Lt. Col.
[Letter from Joseph Travis in behalf of the inhabitants of Livingston's
Manor.]
Peekskill, July 15tk, 1776.
Gentlemen — We the inhabitants of Corlandt's Manor
are very desirous to have your approbation what is best
for us to do. Harvest is considerable great, and the la-
bourers but few ; and as we expect to be attacked every
moment, by the regulars and tories, we are obliged to
keep something of a guard, on the account of the sloies at
our place as well as our preservation. I should be very
desirous to have a few lines from the Honourable House,
concerning matters of encouragement what is best to be
done in these matters. I have wrote in haste alone, be-
cause just had this immediate opportunity.
From your friend and well wisher.
JOSEPH TRAVIS.
To the Honourable Congress
of the Province of New-York.
[Letter from Lieut. Col. Hamman, with a return of men at Tarry-
town.]
Head-Quarters, )
Tarry Town July mh, 1776. J
Gentlemen — We having no proper orders from you in
what manner the militia shall be found with provision, the
men have eat nothing but salt provision as yet ; they find
much fault. As there has been no person appointed by
you as commissary, 1 desire that there may be a person
appointed for that purpose. George Comb has done this
business, but he is unwilling to buy cattle without proper
orders.
I am, gentlemen, your humble servt.
JAMES HAMMAN, Lieut. Col.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
Tarry Town, July 15th, 1776.
Return of the state of the forces under Col. Hamman's
312
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
command. Upon mustering the regiment at 5 o'clock this
morning, agreeable to the colonel's orders,
Appeared upon parade fit for duty, 129 men.
Upon guard, 10
Total, 139
JOHN G. GRAHAM, 2d Major.
[Letter from Lieut. Col. James Haraman.]
Tarry Town, 15lh July, 1776.
Sir — The men who came down with Capt. Hunter from
Bedford, for the sake of expedition, came on horseback ;
their horses have been kept here, as they expected to be
immediately relieved. As they have been very servicea-
ble to us, would beg that the Congress would be pleased
to make them an allowance for the extraordinary expense
they have been at in this emergency.
1 much fear that, without a reinforcement, we shall be
put to it for our complement of men to-night, as some are
continually going away, without leave, to take care of their
harvests.
From your most humble servt.
JAMES HAMMAN, Lieut. Colonel.
To Brigadier-General Woodhull, President
of the Convention of the State of New -York.
[Letter from Col. Hamman, slating that Capt. Dutcher is ready to raise
a company to protect Tarry Town.]
July 14, Jl. D. 1776.
These lines are to inform the Honourable Congress that
Captain William Dutcher is willing to raise a company of
forty men, to protect the inhabitants along the shore of the
North river from the mischievous attempts of the Ministe-
rial ships, now lying in the river near Tarry Town, in com-
pliance with the requisitions of Congress yesterday, on
supposition that the Honourable Congress will immediately
put the men under pay, so that the multitude may return
to their respective habitations to secure their harvests.
From your friend and servant
In the common cause,
JAMES HAMMAN, Lt. Col.
P. S. We have taken one John Fowler, in returning
from on board of one of the men of war, which we are
going to send under guard to the Plains.
N. B. Pray, sir, send an answer to the above as soon
as is any ways consistent.
Yours, as above,
J. HAMMAN.
To the Hon. Provincial Congress,
now sitting at the White Plains.
[Draft of a letter to Gen. Washington, relative to securing certain
papers.]
White Plains, 15th July, 1776.
Sir — Your letter of the 14th was read in Convention.
They see the importance of securing the papers your Ex-
cellency mentioned, and will immediately take the mea-
sures you are pleased to recommend, and every other which
they conceive will tend most to the security of this State.
Your Excellency was informed in our letter of thirteenth,
of the precautions we had used in order to prevent any in-
tercourse between the disaffected people of our State and
the ships of the enemy, and to repel any attempts they
might make to land. They see the necessity of watching
with the utmost vigilance the steps of the forces in this and
the neighbouring counties, and shall give your Excellency
the earliest notice of any resolution that they may form for
this purpose.
I have the honour to be.
Your Excellency's most, &c.
To His Excellency Genl. Washington.
Head-Quabtehs, )
New-York, July 14, 1776. J
Gentlemen — The passage of the enemy up the North
river, is an event big with many consequences to the pub-
lic interest ; one particularly occurs to me well deserving
your attention, and to prevent which, I shall gladly give
every assistance in my power consistent with the safety of
the army. I am informed there are several passes on each
side the river upon which the communication with Albany
depends, of so commanding a nature, that an inconsidera-
ble body of men may defend them against the largest num-
bers. It may be that on board these ships there may be
troops for this purpose, who, expecting to be joined by the
disaffected in that quarter, or confiding in their own
strength, may endeavour to seize those defiles ; in which
case, the intercourse between the two armies, both by land
and water, will be wholly cut off ; than which, a greater
misfortune could hardly befall the Province and army. I
must instruct you to take the measure into consideration,
and if possible, provide against an evil so much to be ap-
prehended. I should hope the militia of those counties
might be used on such an emergency until further provi-
sion was made. I have also thought it very probable these
ships may have carried up arms and ammunition to be dealt
out to those who may favour their cause and cooperate with
them at a prefixed time. I would, to guard against this,
submit to your consideration the propriety of writing to the
leading men on our side in those counties to be very vigi-
lant in observing any movement of that kind, in order that
so dangerous a scheme may be nipped in the bud, for
that purpose, to keep the utmost attention to the conduct
of the principal tories in those parts, any attempts of in-
tercourse with the ships, and all other circumstances which
may lead to a discovery of their scheme and the destruc-
tion of their measures.
I am, gentlemen, very respectfully.
Your most obedt. and very hble servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Hon. President of the Provincial Congress,
New- York.
[Letter to General Washington.]
Saturday Morning, July 13th, 1776.
Sir — On being informed yesterday afternoon that two
sloops of war had gone into the North river, and passed
by all the fortifications on York island, the Convention im-
mediately sent an express to the commanding officer of
the fort at the Highlands, advising him thereof.
Last evening advice arrived, that two frigates and two
or three tenders were at anchor at Tarry Town, whereupon
the Convention sent the inhabitants a supply of powder
and ball, and took immediate measures for reinforcing the
inhabitants along that shore. This morning the Conven-
tion were informed that the frigates and tenders still lay
there at anchor, and that several barges were busy in sound-
ing the river. Another detachment of the militia has
been directed to guard the shores in that neighbourhood in
which are sundry effects belonging to the public.
The Convention will endeavour to prevent their making
incursions into the country, and beg leave to suggest to
your Excellency the propriety of keeping a strong guard
at King's Bridge, the destruction of which, they apprehend
to be an object with the enemy.
I have the honour to be, &c.
His Excellency General Washington.
[Letter to Lieut. Col. Hamman.]
IVhite Plains, July 13th 1776.
Sir — We last evening ordered Col. Thomas to send you
a reinforcement of forty or fifty men, together with lOOlbs.
of lead and two quarter casks of powder, all of which we
hope you have received.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
313
There is no great reason to apprehend that any consi-
derable incursions into the country will be made by parties
from the ships in the river, and therefore are of opinion it
would not be expedient for great numbers of the militia to
leave their farms at this busy season of the year.
Great attention should be paid to the conduct of the dis-
affected among us, and care taken to prevent any unusual
gatherings of them ; and let all such of them be apprehend-
ed and secured as may give any aid to the enemy, or threa-
ten to give you any molestation.
Col. Drake will give the necessary orders for provisions,
and we hope the whigs of this county will distinguish
themselves by their zeal and alacrity on this occasion.
We are, sir.
Your very humble servants.
Lieut. Col. Hammond.
[Letter to Col. Pierre Van Cortlandt."]
White Plains, July 13th, 1776.
Sir — Be pleased to order such a number of your regi-
ment to guard the stores in which provisions and other ef-
fects belonging to the public are lodged at and near Peeks-
kill, as you may think necessary. Col. Drake will afford
them the necessary supplies of bread and pork.
As it would not be prudent on every little alarm, to call
great numbers of the inhabitants from their farms, we hope
the detachments you may order on service, will not be
greater than the exigency of affairs may require.
We are, sir,
Your most obedient servants.
Col. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from John Hancock, Esq. President in Congress.]
Philadelphia, July 6th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Although it is not possible to foresee the
consequences of human actions, yet it is nevertheless a
duty we owe ourselves and posterity in all our public coun-
cils to decide in the best manner we are able, and to trust
the event to that Being who controls both causes and
events, so as to bring about his own determinations.
Impressed with this sentiment, and at the same time
fully convinced that our affairs may take a more favourable
turn, the Congress have judged it necessary to dissolve all
connection between Great Britain and the American Colo-
nies, and to declare them free and independent States, as
you will perceive by the enclosed Declaration, which I am
directed to transmit to you ; and to request you will have it
proclaimed in your Colony, in the way you shall think most
proper.
The important consequences to the American States
from this Declaration of Independence, considered as the
ground and foundation of a future government, will natu-
rally suggest the propriety of having it proclaimed in such
a manner, as that the people may be universally informed
of it.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Honourable Convention of New- York.
[Letter from East-Hampton Committee.]
East-Hampton, July 5th, 1776.
Gentlemen — At a meeting of the joint committee of
South and East Hampton, taking under our most serious
consideration the situation of the stock now on Montock at
the east end of Long island, we look upon it that there is
danger of said stock falling into the hands of our enemies,
unless some speedy measures are taken to prevent the
same. We therefore request that some effectual measures
may be taken, which shall be thought most beneficial to
the owners of said stock in particular and America in gene-
ral. We look upon it that the stock at Montock might be
[Vol. II.] 79
of great service for the support of our armies if they should
be protected there. Gentlemen, we look upon it a matter
of great importance, therefore beg your speedy direction.
We are, gentlemen, your humble servts.
Signed by order of the meeting.
MALTBY GELSTON, Chairman.
To the Provincial Congress of New-York.
[The resignation of Wm. Goforth.]
New-York, July, 6th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Having in the course of the last year been
called by you from private life without any solicitation, to
the most honourable of all services, that of my county I
obeyed the call, and have, to the utmost of my poor abili-
ties, exerted myself for the general good. And having on
my return home, found my toils amply rewarded, inas-
much as I had so far fallen under your notice as to be ap-
pointed to a majority ; which promotion I view as great
as I could reasonably expect, or even have desired. Ne-
vertheless, when I look over the arrangement which you
were pleased to make the last year, and call to mind, that
you then determined that the first regiment should take
rank of the second, and find that I had the rank of fourth
captain in the first ; and that Lewis Dubois, Esqr. had the
rank of fourth captain, and Jacobus Bruyn, Esqr. that of
seventh in the third regiment, I view my appointment as
speaking two things : first, that you have found men of
greater merit than myself, and men who are belter quali-
fied for the public service, of which I am extremely glad ;
and secondly, that your now appointing me to serve under
two junior officers, is no more than taking the most gen-
teel way of discharging me from the public service as an
officer. Perhaps it may be said, this is no lime to dispute
about rank ; if so, I would just beg leave to inform you that
when in Canada last winter I viewed this argument to be of
great force, but at present conceive myself to be in the
state in which I was when I left home, and beg leave to
decline the service, and with the utmost defference to sub-
scribe myself, as in reality I am, a true friend to the free
and rising States of America. And at the same time.
Your most obedient.
And most humble servant.
WILLIAM GOFORTH.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Wm. Malcom, covering Wm. Jones's certificate as a sur-
geon.]
New-York, July 3d, 1776.
Sir — I request from the Congress their order on Mr. Cur-
tenius, for 60 or 70 firelocks ; he can deliver them very
soon. Mr Norwood also will furnish me with a few, pro-
vided I can obtain an oider for that purpose. I have 150
unarmed men, a circumstance that I do not like. Capt.
Brashier will attend the House to know their pleasure. If
I thought these arms would be more useful in other hands,
I would not apply for them. How am I to get a medicine
chest ?
Dr. Townsend can not attend the regiment ; but Doct.
Adams (a S. N. Lieut.) takes his place. He has been ex-
amined by Dr. Jones, whose certificate Capt. Brashier will
show you. I request his commission.
I most respectfully am, sir.
Your very hum. servt.
WM. MALCOM.
P. S. I trouble you with this business, that Capt. Bra-
shier may not be detained. Excuse me ; the lobster pots
at the watering place.
This is to certify, that Mr. William Adams has this day
been examined by me respecting his knowledge in surge-
314
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ry, and that I find him qualified to act as surgeon of a re-
giment.
Dated in New-York, July 2d, 1776.
JOHN JONES, M. D.
[Letter from Adjt. Gen. Reed, relative to prisoners of war.]
Head-Quarters, ?
New-York, July 5, 1776. $
Gentlemen — I am directed by the General to solicit the
attention of your Honourable Body to the resolve of the
Continental Congress touching prisoners of war. By that
resolve they are put wholly in the disposition of the Le-
gislature of the respective Colonies, who are authorized to
appoint a commissary to make provision for them, and
they are to be taken to such places as shall be deemed the
most secure.
There are now a number of prisoners in the jail, some
of them of some rank. Their expenses are mucli higher
than if in the country ; and in our present situation ex-
tremely dangerous. His Excellency requests no time may
be lost in removing, not only those who have been taken
prisoners of war, but those committed for practices against
the State. And if some direction was taken with respect
to the prisoners for debt, it would be proper, as there is too
much reason to fear that in case of an attack, if the doors
are not opened by the jailer, the whole would rise and force
them open. Any assistance that may be wanted for this
purpose, the General begs leave to tender. I have also in
charge to mention to you the impropriety of sufi"ering
Burrows to continue in the care of the jail, as from his con-
nections, his appointment, and other circumstances, there
is reason to suspect him.
The distance to which the Congress has removed, will
make it very difficult to have their advice and assistance on
occasions which frequently present. The General would
suggest the propriety of their appointing a small committee
in the city, to regulate such matters of internal concern as
daily present themselves.
The great hurry and engagements of the General pre-
vents his writing personally, but he begs his respectful
compliments may be made to your Honourable Body.
I have the honour to be, gentl.
Your most obed. and very hbl. servt.
JOS. REED, Adj. Gen.
[Letter from Capt. Butcher.]
Fishkilh, Decern. 11th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The 22d of October last, the Honourable
Jonth. Trumbull, Governor of the State of Connecticut,
upon a desire from His Excellency General Washington,
ordered Elisha Sheldon, major of the fifth regiment of
lighthorse of the State of Connecticut, to march with said
regiment to this place, here to wait Genl. Washington's
orders ; then was ordered to march to the White Plains ;
and I, with my company, were left to the direction of this
Convention, where we still remain. I have sent to Major
Sheldon for orders ; he says I must apply to you, gentle-
men. John Canfield, Esqr. our adjutant, has informed me
by writing, that Genl. Lee, when applied to, refused
giving any orders, as my company were at the disposal of
the Convention, and says, you, gentlemen, have a right to
order said company into business or to return home, as
you judge best. As my men are not clothed fit for the
winter season, and some of them are a mind to go into
the Continental army, and some of my company being
already discharged and gone to work at building barracks
in this place, forage for horses being very scarce, hardly
to be purchased at any price, (I have sent near ten miles
round and can not get any suitable grain for horses at pre-
sent,) my company staying here greatly augments the pu-
blic cost, and at present, as I apprehend, are of no service,
my company being small, would humbly pray you, gentle-
men, to discharge me and company, or give a furlough to
me and company, and send a despatch to Govr. Trumbull,
of your proceedmgs, which I am ready to forward. But
if you judge not best to grant my request, please to give
me some directions, as you in your wisdom shall judge
best.
I am, gentlemen.
With the greatest respect,
Your most obedient humble servt.
RULUFF DUTCHER, Capt.
N. B. My company, being men of business, are very
uneasy to stay here under present circumstances.
To the Honourable Convention of the
fcltate of New- York
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler, at Saratoga.]
Saratoga, Deer. Uth, 1776, 8 o'clock, P. M.
Sir — I am this moment honoured with yours of the 8th
instant. I wish it was in my power to send down any
considerable body of troops, agreeably to the request of
the Committee of Safety. The garrison at Ticonderoga,
which I had supposed to consist of 2,500 men, is reduced
by sickness, &c. to less than 1,700. None of the other
northern posts are garrisoned by more than a hundred
men ; and what is much worse than all, I have every rea-
son to believe that not a man will remain at any of the
fortresses after the last of this month, except Dayton's and
Burrel's regiments, who are engaged to the 19th of Janu-
ary, and both together amount to only 430 effectives ; so
that what few recruits have been raised in this quarter will
be absolutely wanted to the northward ; and indeed, un-
less the eastern States, to whom I have wrote by express,
on the 3d instant, send up a body of troops, Ticonderoga
will not remain in our possession until spring, as General
Carlton will be minutely informed of whatever passes
there, and doubtless improve every advantage. My ap-
prehensions on this head, I have communicated to Con-
gress, in a letter of yesterday, which goes by this express,
and have requested them to back my application to the
eastern States. In this situation of affairs, it would be
highly imprudent to draw any men from this communica-
tion. I shall, however, order Colo. Nicholson with his
corps from Johnstown, where he may be wanted this
winter.
I am astonished that General Washington should not be
better supported by the States of New-Jersey and Penn-
sylvania ; it appears as if they intended to give up the
cause. And I am equally surprised that Congress should
have moved until there was the utmost necessity. Such a
step can not fail of giving a most general alarm.
I enclose my letter to Congress under flying seal, for
the perusal of the committee. They will see that it con-
tains information which ought not, by any means, to be
known to the enemy ; I therefore wish to have it for-
warded by a very safe hand, and by such a route as to
take away every probability of its being intercepted by
them.
I am, sir,
With great respect and esteem.
Your most obed. humb. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honourable Pierbe Van CoaTi.ANi)T,
President, &c.
PeekskUl, 10th Deer. 1776.
Sir — You will take into your custody Sergt. Kipp,
Sergt. Hatheway, Corporals and Sears Gray, of Capt.
Ford's company, Colo. Brewer's regiment of artificers, and
them safely keep, they being guilty of plundering.
EBEN. HUNTINGTON,
Depy. Adj. Genl.
To the Captain of the Main Guard.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
315
[Certificate that the chain across the North river is broken.]
Fort Montgomery, Deer. 9th, 1776.
These are to certify that the chain that has been
stretched across the North river at this fort has been broke
twice ; the first, a swivel broke which came from Ticon-
deroga, which was not welded sound ; the second time, a
clevin broke, which was made at Poughkeepsie, in a solid
part of the clevin, and no flaw to be seen in any part of
said chain. Which we do certify at the request of Messrs.
Odie and Vanduzer.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
ABRM. SWARTWOUT, Cap.
JAS. ROSEKRANS, Capt.
DANL. LAWRENCE, Lieut.
[Letter from John Haring.]
Clarkstown, Beer, the 9th, 1776.
Sir — I just now came to this place, where I found se-
veral members of our county committee assembled to-
gether, who requested of me to send you the enclosed let-
ter, which I now do with much pleasure, and do not
doubt but you will do every thing in your power to pro-
cure us protection.
I am, sir.
Your sincere friend and very humble servt.
JOHN HARING.
Brigr. Genl. Geo. Clinton.
[Letter from General Alexander McDougall. ]
Haverslraw, December 9, 1776,
Sir — The rainy weather in our march from the White
Plains brought on a fit of the rheumatism, which has de-
tained me here, but I am now in a fair way to get rid of it.
This State consists of but fourteen counties. The enemy
have five counties, and part of two others. If they get
possession of these, they will get a representation of the
majority of the State, and make a surrender of our rights.
It is therefore of the utmost importance that they should be
prevented of that advantage, which they will not fail to
avail themselves of, if some exertion is not made by you.
The southernmost part of this county is ravaged by the
enemy, plundering the friends of the country of their pro-
perty, and disarming them, at Orange Town. Some of them
are flying to the country, others flying for that protection
to the enemy which we do not aflford them. If some
speedy relief is not afforded them, I fear they will all, or
the greatest part of them, submit to the enemy ; and if this
event takes place, they will greatly aid the enemy in cross-
ing the mountains, to shew the sincerity of their submis-
sion. The securing these passes will be greatly assisted
by advanced posts ; and whatever corps are there can
easily retire to the last stand. For these reasons, as well
as for the honour of the State, it is absolutely necessary
that three or four hundred men should be posted at Orange
Town. General Lee can not at present give any protection
to that part of the country, because he is ordered to ad-
vance as far as Morris Town, if not to join General Wash-
ington. It was with great reluctance he quilted West-
chester, as he saw the lower part of the county would be
exposed to the enemy, from which they can derive great
support. I write this in haste, and must refer you for par-
ticulars to the bearer.
I have the honour to be
Your very humble servant,
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
To the Hon. the President of the Conven-
tion, or Chairman of the Committee of
Safety of the State of New- York.
[Letter from the Secret Committee of tlie Committee of Safety.]
November 22, 1776.
In consequence of a letter received by us the subscri-
bers, members of the secret committee, from the Commit-
tee of Safety, dated the day of November instant, when
we were at Fort Montgomery fixing the chain across the
river, enclosing an extract from a letter of Gen. Schuyler,
requesting the Convention to have the river sounded in dif-
ferent places in the (Highlands, we have sounded the river,
beginning between Verplanck's and Stoney Point, thence
northward through the Highlands to Pollapel's island, and
find no part of the river in that distance less than eighty
feet deep in the main channel, till within a short distance
of the island.
From the island to the western shore, found by measure-
ment, the distance to be fifty-three chains ; the channel
near the middle of the river at that place is about eight
chains broad, and fifty feet deep ; from the channel the
water shoals gradually on both sides to the flats, which are
about eight or ten chains broad, reckoning both sides.
This above described place is the only one in our
opinion, that it is possible for an obstruction to be made by
docking, effectually to impede the navigation of Hudson's
river, at any place above the south part of the Highlands.
HENRY WISNER,
GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
[Letter from M. Griswold, at Lyme.]
Lyme, November 22, 1776.
Gentlemen — By direction from Governor Trumbull, at
the request of the committee of inspection for the town of
Lyme in the State of Connecticut, have to acquaint you,
that about the first of October last, five cows with fif-
teen yearling cattle were, by order of Colo. H. B. Liv-
ingston, brought from Shelter island to Saybrook, and by
order of the committee of inspection for that town, carried
over the river and landed at Lyme, with direction to be
kept there till further orders. Those cattle are said to
have belonged to W. Nichols, Esq. of Long island. They
can not be kept in the place where they now are during the
winter. Indeed it is supposed to keep them longer would
be a loss to the owner or those to whom the avails belong.
It is therefore desired you would please, without loss of
time, to give orders relative to the sale and disposal of said
cattle, to account for the avails, &c. A line directed to
the committee of inspection of the town of Lyme in the
State of Connecticut will undoubtedly answer the purpose.
If it were superscribed to my care, will faithfully endeavour
to see your orders fully executed.
I am, with great esteem, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servant,
MATTHEW GRISWOLD.
To the Gentlemen of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Jacob Bayley relative to settling with rangers.]
Newburgh, November 20, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am sensible that the intent of raising the
rangers in this State, was not only to secure the frontiers,
but on any emergency might be called to any post to
assist and defend, &c. Now, if our rangers have not wliat
was engaged them, viz. bounty, one month's pay, and bil-
leting, we have no right to command them ; and if that
payment is not made, we must not expect them on any
duty ; and if General Gates, who doubtless stands in need
of them, should call for them he must be disappointed.
Where the blame lies I can not say : however, it is my
opinion that the major be paid according to his rolls if au-
thentic, afterwards he may be called to account if he has
been faulty, otherwise the whole had better now be drop-
ped ; better now than when one or two months' more time
is spent to no purpose. Excuse me for this, and give mc
leave to subscribe myself the public and
Your very humble servant,
JACOB BAYLEY.
To Committee for settling with the
Cumberland and Gloucester Rangers.
316
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from the President of the Convention to Robert Boyd, and
must have been written in the recess of the Convention, with the
concurrence probably of several of the members.]
November 17, 1776.
Sir — It gives the members of the Convention very great
concern, to find out that some of the soldiers who are dis-
charged and returned from the northward, after serving
iheir country with fidehty, arc treated inhospitably and re-
fused accommodation, thougli tliey are sick and unable to
travel. Besides the inconvenience of such ungenerous
usage, nothing can more cfTectually injure the public ser-
vice, as it must discourage at this critical time the enlist-
ment of the army, on which the preservation of America,
next to Divine Providence, depends ; we beg, therefore,
that you will immediately give orders that they, and all
other soldiers under like circumstances, be treated with
kindness and hospitality, and assisted to the places of their
residence.
I am, in the name of the members of the Convention,
Sir,
Your most humble servant.
P. S. The charge of such soldiers as are unable to pay,
will be advanced by the Convention.
To Robert Boyd, Esq. Chairman of the
Committee at New- York.
[Letter from Jacob Hornbeck.]
Rochester, November, 1776.
Gentlemen — Forasmuch as the town of Rochester is
in great need for salt, as the season of the year is now for
killing their winter provision and pork for next summer —
and when they can not get a supply of salt they will be
obliged soon to turn their fat hogs out of the pen, and their
fat cattle among their others, to a great loss of several
poor families — wherefore, yotir committee of said town
in behalf of themselves and the inhabitants of Rochester,
do humbly desire if you have any salt lo spare, you will
please to grant us a supply ; and if you have none to spare
and could direct us where we might get salt, we would,
above paying to your Honourable Board or any person else
the price for salt, not spare any trouble to fetch the same ;
and humbly desire you will please to give your answer
to our messenger, the bearer hereof, and you will, gentle-
men, greatly oblige,
Your most humble servants.
By order of the committee and inhabitants of Rochester.
JACOB HORNBECK, Chairman.
To the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Thos. Outwater.]
Orange County, Novr. 12th, 1776.
The supervisors of the county of Orange at their meet-
ing do find it necessary that something should be done in
order to have the contingent charges of said county settled ;
and as some difficulties might arise from the former mode,
have concluded to submit it to the opinion of the Honour-
able Convention for the State of New-York ; for numbers
of poor people depends on it for the support of their fami-
lies. The supervisors beg the opinion on the same from
your Honourable House, for which they shall be ever in
duty bound.
THOS. OUTWATER, Clerk.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman.]
Peekskill, 12th November, 1776.
Dear Sir — Yours of the 9th did not get to hand till
this day. Your remarks I think very judicious. I shall
communicate them to Mr. Duer who has a full opportunity
of talking the matter over with the General.
I shall refer you to him for our various opinions of the
intended operations of the enemy. You will hear them
with more satisfaction through him, than from
Dear sir, yr. most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
To RoBT. R. Livingston, Esqr.
[Letter from Robt. Boyd, Jnnr.]
New-Windtor, JO/ A Nov. 1770.
Colo. Van Cortlandt :
Sir — This will be handed you per Mr. McClaughry,
who hath in his possession under guard, whom he will also
deliver to you, or order, two certain felons, named by their
information, Henry Vank and James Briggs ; who were
apprehended in this place yesterday by Messrs. Jackson
and Holliday, two of the members of this committee, for
passing false money. It appears that a three dollar bill of
the emission of this State, dated 2d Sept '75, is altered
into a thirty dollar bill, and as such passed it. It is now
in the hands of one of the above gentlemen, who you may
call on whenever you shall want full proof of the matter.
I am, sir, with much esteem, and due respect.
Your very hum. servt.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr.
To Colo. PiERBE Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler.]
Mbany, Nov. 11th, 1776.
Sir — We have reason to believe that the enemy will
give us no further trouble until another campaign takes
place, as on Tuesday the 4th instant not the sign of any
was to be seen on Lake Champlain forty miles beyond
Crown Point. Measures are taken to know with certain-
ty if they are retired into winter quarters, and if the in-
telligence we expect confirms our belief that they are, we
shall then immediately do the same, leaving a garrison of
2500 at Ticonderoga ; 400 at Fort George ; 1 00 at Skenes-
borough; 100 at Fort Ann; 400 at Fort Edward; 1000
at Saratoga ; about 400 in this place ; 500 at Schenecta-
dy ; 200 at John's Town ; 200 at Fort Dayton, and 400
at Fort Schuyler. This disposition of the army I hope will
meet the approbation of Convention. My reasons for
keeping them in this quarter is that they will be at hand
should the enemy attempt a winter expedition, which it is
probable they may do, as they can procure a sufficiency
of carriages in Canada to transport their provisions and
baggage.
I am, sir, very respectfully.
Your most obedient hble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To the Honble. President of Convention of New-York.
[Letter from General Schuyler.]
.Albany, November 8th, 1776.
Sir — I have the honour to advise you that General Carl-
ton with his whole army is retreating to Canada ; the last
of his troops left Crown Point at ten o'clock on Monday
morning. Sir John Johnson returned with him.
I am, sir, your most obt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Honourable President of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Gerard Bancker, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, November 7th, 1776.
Sir — I have wrote several letters to P. V. B. Livings-
ton, Esq. the Treasurer of this State, acquainting him that
it was inconvenient to me to transact the treasury business,
and praying he would depute some person in my stead ;
but I have been so unlucky as to receive none of his let-
ters in answer ; and being desirous of employing myself
some other way before winter, I beg the favour that the
Convention will appoint some person to take charge of the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
317
public moneys and papers in my hands, until their treasu-
rer shall depute some other person.
I have the honour to be with great respect, sir,
Your most humble servant.
GERARD BANCKER.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq. President of the
Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Tayler, at Albany.]
Mbany, Nov. 3d, 1776.
Sir — In compliance with an order and resolve of Con-
vention, I repaired to Cumberland county, to unite with
Mr. Sessions and Col. Marsh, to carry into execution a re-
solve of the 4th ultimo. J met those gentlemen though
without the resolution referred to, owing to Mr. Stephen's
delay, who was to convey the report, &c.
The attack on our fleet on Lake Champlain, occasioned
the militia's being called out, which rendered it impossible
to collect the sense of the people until affairs were more
settled.
It was thought advisable that the report of Convention
should be dispersed through the counties, and a proper
time fixed by Col. Marsh and Mr. Sessions, (who would
be the best judges) for taking the matter up, that I should
be advised of the same, and attend accordingly.
It is reported Col. Warner has said, he was advised to
petition Congress to have the Hampshire Grants set off in
a new Stale, by Mr. Adams one of the Delegates.
The people are much divided, some for a new State,
some for joining Hampshire, others Massachsetts, many
for remaining under New- York. I endeavoured to dis-
suade them from persisting in such idle and delusive
schemes, which would meet with the approbation of such
only as were fond of changes, and rather choose to live
under no government, as the conduct of the most industri-
ous in this affair has too plainly evinced heretofore.
The chairman of the committee of Cumberland, disap-
proves of the letter sent by their Delegates ; it was carried
by a majority in their house, though few out of doors knew
a word of it. It was framed by a certain Mr. Phelps, the
oracle of them parts, who I understand is very busy in this
affair.
From what I have heard among those people, I am led
to believe they will remain no longer under the State of
New- York, than they can help.
Mr. Sessions advanced five hundred pounds to Major
Hoisington of the rangers ; the remainder I am of opinion
he will keep in his hands until he hears from Conven-
tion.
The enclosed I took down at a tavern in New Marlbo-
rough. The inhabitants on my return accused me of being
guilty of a desperate mean act. They could not proceed
to business for want of the notification, as the town clerk
had no other minutes.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JOHN TAYLER.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq.
[Letter from Major Hoisington to Gen. Gates.]
Newbury, Oct. mh, 177G.
Intelligence given by four deserters from Canada, who
enlisted out of prison at Quebec, into the Royal Emigrant
Regiment commanded by Col. McClean, is, that on the 25th
of September ihcy left Montreal ; and before they left the
above place, Sir John Johnson with the Indians and Cana-
dians and 8lh regiment, had marched to attack the inhabi-
tants on the Mohawk river, and meet General Burgoyne at
Albany, who has ordered all the forces from Chamble and
Sorrel to St. Johns with the marines and train of artillery
and sailors to but three men in each vessel. Likewise as
they passed on the east side of the lake on Sunday the Olh
[Vol. II.] 80
inst. heard a very heavy cannonade on the lake, supposed
to be with the fleet.
The above deserters were found by one of my scouts
about 40 miles out, destitute of provisions and very weak;
they being desirous to go to Head-Quarters near New-York,
I have passed the above deserters for that place.
I am, sir, your most obedt. hble. servant.
JOAB HOISINGTON.
To His Excellency Major-General Gates.
[Letter from Jno. Sleght.]
Rochester, 2d November, 1776.
Sir — Pursuant to a resolve of your Honourable Conven-
tion, to me directed, I have engaged to about the value of
£100, chiefly in shoes to be delivered in five weeks from
date hereof. You will be pleased to order the above sum
to me by Mr. Dumond (the Kingston post,) as soon as pos-
sible.
Remain, with due esteem.
Your most obedient humble servt.
JNO. SLEGHT.
[Letter to the Committee of Ulster county.]
Fishkill, Nov. 2d, 1776.
Sir — The enclosed petition and order thereon, I am di-
rected by the Committee of Safety for this State, to refer
to the general committee for the county of Dutchess, to be
by them as soon as convenient taken under consideration.
I am, sir, your very hum. servt.
By order.
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT, F. Presdt.
To Egbert Benson, Esqr. Chairman of the
General Committee of the county of Dutchess.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton, near White Plains.]
Camp, at the old place, near White Plains, }
November 2d, 1776. s
My dear Sir — Your favours of the 30th and 31st ulti-
mo, were left at my tent a few moments since. Since
my last to you, dated the day before yesterday, the centre
and right wing of our army, having possessed themselves
of the heights in their rear, northeast of the road leading
to Young's ; yesterday morning evacuated that part of our
lines which passed through the town, and southeast of
it, and fell back on those heights ; firing all the barns,
hay and corn stacks in front. This induced the enemy
to believe we had again retreated, and deteimined to take
the advantage of our supposed flight, their army instant-
ly moved forward unto the part of our lines which were
evacuated. This brought on a pretty brisk cannonade,
though at too great a distance to do much execution. I
lost one man and had two wounded. I have heard of
no other injury done us. We are by the late movements
now far advanced in front, of course most exposed. The
enemy retired to their former encampment in the
evening leaving strong advanced pickets, and working par-
ties who are busily employed in erecting works on the
heights, in and near town. Deserters (especially from the
Queen's light dragoons) come daily over to us ; and now
and then our rangers send in a straggling prisoner. Capt.
Van Wick, of my brigade, who at his earnest desire, ap-
pointed to a company of rangers, was day before yesterday
unfortunately killed. He went out in the morning with
about 30 men ; fell in with about 100 of the enemy in a
house not far distant from their lines ; charged lliem with
spirit ; gave them a brisk fire ; but unfortunately when
loading his piece the second time was shot in the iiead, and
fell dead ; his lieutenant shot down the man who killed his
captain. The enemy fled ; our party brought oft" their
captain, and yesterday evening 1 had him interred with the
honours of war. He was a good man, and valiant olficer.
318
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
Pray communicate this sad news to his widow (to whom I
would write, had I leisure) in a manner that will least af-
fect her.
I know of no other news worth communicating you ;
though in the camp, I am not acquainted with the disposi-
tion of our army. Some brigades to the northeast of us,
in my humble opmion are where they can do no good ;
perhaps I am mistaken ; I am not well acquainted with the
country. I must beg an answer to my letter, wherein I
desired you to ask a favour of the Convention.
And am, with the utmost esteem.
Yours affectionately,
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. I need not ask you to forward the enclosed, I
know you will do it. Though determined never to meddle
much with the disposition of officers, 1 can not help recom-
mending Col. Duboys and his officers, who served in our
army to the northward last year, to the Convention. Should
they quit the army by any neglect, it will be a public loss.
They are brave men and good officers, at least such of
them as have joined our brigade.
November 1st, 1776.
I do hereby certify, that I have examined the billeting
and pay rolls of Capt. Melancton Smith's company, as
drawn out and certified by him, from the 26lh June to 1st
November, 1776, amounting to £877 Is. lOjc/. and find
them right.
GERARD BANCKER.
[Letter from Peter R. Livingston, at Livingston's Manor. ]
Manor of Livingston, 29lh Oct. 1776.
Dear Sir — Capt. Gaasbeck has got his company full,
and mustered the 19lh inst. He has been upon duty
(by order of our committee here) since ; he now waits
your orders ; but would be very glad if you would be
pleased to get Lieut. Samuel I. Ten Broeck, appointed
his second lieutenant, as he finds the want of another offi-
cer, having occasion often to divide his company into three
parties. The committee of this district will send you down
a list of all our bad people in a little time. Capt. Gaas-
beck, has engaged cartouch boxes for all his men at 14s. a
piece, which they are willing to pay for. If he should
want a little money, please to help him to it for the use of
his company.
I have wrote to Convention concerning the flour I have
sent to Albany. Capt. Jansen is gone to Barington for the
boards we bought, and to purchase grain and teams.
Am, sir, your very humb. servt.
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton, relative to his stopping the pay of 13 deser^
ers of Capt. Johnston's company.]
Fort Montgomery, October 3d, 1776.
Gentlemen — I received a letter from the Congress,
about the last of November or sometime in December, 1775,
with an order enclosed to stop £27 lis. 2d. being expenses
for taking up 13 men of Capt. Johnston's company and
my regiment.
But as those men were chiefly discharged, except such
as enlisted the second time, I could not stop it out of their
wages ; but as they were tried by a court martial, and
each fined a month's pay, I stopped that from the captain,
and it was stopped out of their wages, which I intended
should answer the expenses of taking them up, as soon as
he could get a settlement for his company ; but it appears
by a certificate produced tome, which Capt. Johnston has,
which he can shew you. that the paymaster has stopped
the same sum ; notwithstanding I desired it might not be
stopped, as I liad already stopped it, and was answerable
for it.
However, Capt. Johnston should not have that sum twice
stopped from him ; therefore if it be agreeable to tlie Con-
gress to order me to pay back the money to Capt. John-
ston, I will do It freely, as one of us must in justice return
the money.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Gen.
Albany, June 18/ A, 1776.
To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN —
This may certify, that Capt. Robert Johnston
has allowed on settlement of his account, the sum of thirty-
four pounds, thirteen shillings and four pence. New- York
currency, for one month's wages of thirteen men of his
company, who deserted and returned to their duty. Which
was forfeited by judgment of court martial.
Test. JOHN PIERCE, Junr.
Assist. Paymaster.
Fort Constitution, June 21th, 1776.
I do hereby certify, that I have stopped in my hands one
month's pay of 13 men of Capt. Robt. Johnston's company,
who deserted and was taken up, and sent back to their re-
giment (and was forfeited by judgment of a court martial)
to pay the expenses of taking them up, as may be seen by
an order from the New-York Provincial Congress, dated
November 4th, 1775. Which expenses amounted to £27
lis. 2d. and must not be stopped, nor any part, from Capt.
Johnston, as I am answerable.
JAMES CLINTON, Col. 2d N. Y.
Albany, 12th August, 1776.
Mr. Trumbull can not suffer this money to go out of his
hands without the General's orders.
[Letter from His Excellency John Hancock.]
Philadelphia, Oct. 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen — The many and just complaints of the in-
sufficiency of the surgeon and their mates to discharge
their duty in a proper manner, have induced Congress to
pass the enclosed resolves, recommending it to the several
States to appoint some skilful physicians as examiners ;
without whose approbation, no surgeon, or surgeon's mate,
shall receive a commission either in the army or navy.
The Congress being at present deeply engaged in mat-
ters of the utmost importance to the welfare of America,
have judged it absolutely necessary that there should be a
full representation of the several States as soon as possible.
For this end I am to request, in obedience to their com-
mands, you will immediately take proper measures to com-
ply with the enclosed resolve, in order that the United
States may be fully represented in Congress, and the sen-
timents of America be the better known on those interest-
ing subjects that lie before them. I shall therefore only
once more request your compliance with this requisition of
Congress.
And have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Hon. Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Nathanael Greene.]
Fcrt Constitution, October 17, 1776.
Gentlemen — William Bradford, adjutant of Col. Hitch-
cock's regiment, after the enemy landed on Long island,
took a horse belonging to one Jacob Wicoff, a person that
had joined the British forces. The adjutant run a very
great risk in fetching the horse off ; and he must inevita-
bly have fallen into the enemy's hands if the adjutant had
not made the attempt. But as property belonging to to-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
319
ties is not, nor ought not to be the reward of those that
take itinto possession, only under certain Hmitations, I think
it my duty to acquaint you, that I have the horse in my
possession, and shall be delivered to your order ; either to
the adjutant as a reward for his bravery, or to be sold for
the benefit of the Slate, as you may think proper. If the
horse is to be sold, I should be glad of an opportunity to
purchase him, as I am in want of a horse, mine being worn
out in the service.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect,
Your obedient servant,
NATHANAEL GREENE.
^Letter from Johannis Sleght, Chairman of Kingston committee.]
Kingston, 8th Oct. 1776.
Sir — We have this day received certain information,
that a man did come to this town with orders to remove
the tea which was stored in the house of Capt. John El-
mendorph, by Mr. Grades Beekman. When we received
this information, a committee was called, who came to the
following resolution, viz :
Resolved, That the tea which is now stored in this town
of Kingston, shall not be removed from the place where it
now is, by the owners, nor by any other person, till such
time as the resolution of the Convention of the State of
New-York respecting the same shall be made public.
And as we have been informed by your letter of the 4th
September, that the Convention had it in contemplation to
pass a general resolve respecting the tea within this State,
and that a committee was appointed for that purpose, who
■were prevented to complete that business, by reason that
some of the members who were appointed for that com-
mittee, were not then arrived ; I was therefore acquainted
that the Convention expected that I should use my utmost
endeavours to keep peace and good order amongst us, till
such resolutions were passed, in the best manner I could. I
am sorry we must give the Honourable Convention so much
trouble about this affair ; and beg to be excused, when I
once more desire the favour of your Honourable House, to
make an end to this troublesome business as soon as possi-
ble ; which we hope will not only restore peace and good
order here, but also much oblige your friends and most
humble servants.
By order of the committee.
JOHANNIS SLEGHT, Chairman.
[Letter from Comfort Sands, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, 10th October, 1776.
Sir — Some time ago I applied to the Convention for a
committee of the Convention, to join with me in a settle-
ment of a large account with Mr. Abraham Livingston ;
upon which Mr. Evert Bancker and Mr. John Broom,
were appointed ; but as those gentlemen are both absent,
and Mr. Livingston now waiting, I beg the Convention will
appoint two other gentlemen immediately, authorized with
me to settle the account finally, which will greatly forward
the public accounts.
I have, the honour to be, sir.
Your most humble servant.
COMFORT SANDS.
To P. R. Livingston, Esqr. President
of the Convention of the Slate of New- York.
[Letter of Geo. Clinton, at King's Bridge.]
King's Bridge, lOth October, 1776.
Dear Sir — The money I received from Convention, for
the second moiety of the bounty of the men belonging to
my brigade, by the accounts returned to me by the dif-
ferent colonels, appears to have fell short of the sum
due for that purpose, about 800 dollars. Such of the men
who, on account of the above deficiency, have not yet been
paid their full bounty are exceedingly discontented. I have
therefore thought it advisable to send the bearer (Lieut.
Col. Hamman) for the sum due, that they may be paid,
and have no just cause of complaint. I have not yet been
able to have the men mustered by the Continental Muster-
Master General, though I have frequently mentioned it to
His Excellency General Washington. I am not, however,
apprehensive the State can labour under any disadvantage
on this score, as the General has ordered them paid up till
the last of August ; and they have received their pay to
that time, accordingly.
Yesterday morning three of the enemy's shipping, to wit,
a 40, 44 and 20 gun ship and three tenders passed by in
shore, east of our obstructions in the river opposite Fort
Washington, receiving but little damage ; and are now up
the river as far as Dobbs's Ferry. They took two or three
of our small river sloops of little value, and I am in-
formed now lay opposite two of our galleys, which run
aground, and I suppose are in their power. The two ships
to be sunk, run ashore near Col. Phillips ; we sent a par.
ty to bring them down last night, so that 1 hope they are
safe. The bearer will inform you of ariy other particulars
respecting military matters.
I am, with due respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON,
[Letter from A. Hawkes Hay, at Haverstraw.]
Haverstraw, October 10, 1776.
Dear Sir — Yesterday, three of the enemy's ships of war
and some other vessels, passed our forts at King's Bridge,
and are now anchored off Nyack.
My regiment consists only of three hundred men, and
very near one half of them are whhout arms. I should be
glad to know what I am to do, and where I must apply for
a reinforcement in case they should attempt a landing on
the west side of Hudson's river.
We are destitute of provisions for the guards I now have
out, and I must therefore request that the Convention will
be so kind as to send me, per the bearer, a sum of money
to purchase the provisions.
I am, dear sir,
Your most obedient servant,
A. HAWKES HAY.
To Peter R. Livingston. President of
the Convention of the State ofNew-York.
[Letter from Samuel Ten Bioeck, Chairman of Committee of Manor of
Livingston.]
District of Manor Livingston, October 9, 1776.
Dear Sir — We have received your letter of the 30lh
September ; the contents have duly examined. The disaf-
fected begin to be rather more troublesome and daring than
formerly ; but through proper application, do not doubt we
shall soon rid ourselves of some or the major part of these
villains. We are sorry ihat we can not send you herewith
an authentic account of them, but shall in a few days, as
we are about collecting all the materials possible. This
day we received a letter from the committee of Dulcliess
county, informing us that their militia were ordered to be
out to-morrow ; in consequence of which, four of our com-
panies are ordered out to be ready to-morrow morning.
This body will be ordered to scour well, and to surround
them if possible, as there is a large number that keep them-
selves concealed in the woods. Hope that we may be able
to give you a favourable account of this in a day or two,
together with the particulars of our district in general. On
Monday last we had one Jas. Chissem l)efore us, who,
being examined on oath relative to tiie tories and the out-
rage lately committed at Capt. Jansen's, reported, that on
Monday last, a fortnight gone, being the night when the
320
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
outrage was committed, he being in company with a body,
in number twenty-four, in the woods, about four miles from
Captain Janscn's, Chissem was taken by some of our men
that laid in ambush. We have taken all their names down,
and think that we are in a fair way to find out those vil-
lains that committed the cruel outrage. We have also
taken several more affidavits of those that were suspected
in tlie least, but none of them give so much light in the
affair as the one already mentioned.
Shall write you farther by the first opportunity. We
send this by old Mr. Power. Beg to hear from you by
him. As the post, and almost every other convenience is
now stopped, so that we seldom hear from Head-Quarters,
shall be glad to have the news from there. In haste.
We remain, your most obedient and
Very humble servants.
By order.
SAMUEL TEN BROECK,
Chairman P. T.
To Col. Peter R. Livingston.
[Letter from Samuel Ten Broeck, Esq.]
District of Manor Livingston, October 10, 1776.
Sir — Since the letter wrote yesterday, we have seen
another instance of the cruel, unnatural intention of our
domestic enemies, by their firing again last night a gun at
two young men that were walking decently to their homes,
and about an hour after six guns were fired in the house of
Jacob Power ; but through the interposition of Providence
no lives lost, nor a single person wounded. We take it a
duty incumbent on us, to advise with you on this important
matter, and submit it to your serious consideration and su-
perior judgment. Agreeable to the orders issued yester-
day, some of our men have marched this morning ; we
are in hopes they may take them ; but as the men arc un-
certain with regard to their receiving pay, they seem to be
rather tardy. IBesides taking them by companies, and in
every one they are more or less disaffected, which renders
our plans commonly exposed before executed, we are sin-
cerely of opinion, that unless there is some other method
taken very soon, (than to take the militia companies as
they run,) we shall be a ruined people. Daily we hear of
more and more threatenings ; and indeed it is very evident
they mean to annoy us, by skulking about, until a favour-
able opportunity presents, when no doubt they will strike
a blow, as they in reality increase daily.
In consequence of this momentous matter, we beg that
you will be pleased to apply to the Convention to grant us
a company of 60 men. We are of opinion that a less num-
ber would not be able to do the business effectually. Capt.
Gaasbeck has offered his services to take the command
of the men. We judge it to be essentially necessary
for the public safety to have this body of men, otherwise
should not request it. If the Convention thinks proper to
grant these men, beg you will please to detain the bearer
and send the necessary orders by him. If you think pro-
per to leave the appointment of the subaltern officers to
this board, beg you will send blank commissions for them.
We earnestly entreat that you will despatch the bearer as
speedily as possible, so that we may know how to regu-
late. In haste.
We remain, dear sir.
Your most obedt. and very hble. servts.
By order.
SAMUEL TEN BROECK,
Chairman, P. T.
To Col. Peter R. Livingston, &c.
[Letter from P. V. Gaasbeck to Col. P. R. Livingston, at Manor of
Livingston.]
Manor of Livingston, 10th Octr. 1776.
HoND. Sir — Your favour of the 7th inst. I have now be-
fore me. You may depend upon, that I shall keep an exact
account of all the expenses relative to the apprehending the
villains that fired in Capt. Jansen's house. I3ut, sir, a new
instance we have seen again last night of their inhuma-
nity, by making the other attempt for destroying the lives
of the well wishers of our noble cause : our committee this
morning agreed to request of you to apply to the Conven-
tion to grant them a company of men. In this case I
thought it my duly to offer my service to take the com-
mand of the men, which, if agreeable to you, and liberty
is given to enlist them, I hope we then shall be able to
purge our place effectually. I am of opinion that a less
number than what is specified in the letter from the com-
mittee would hardly be advisable. However this must be
left to your superior judgment. I think I might be able to
raise a company of hearty young men in a few days, that
may be depended upon ; in case this meets your approba-
tion, I should beg to have Saml. I Ten Broeck aud iSamuel
Thorn for lieutenants, but as it is uncertain whether leave
will be obtained, I have not yet spoke to them, though do
not doubt but they will accept.
I should have sent you herewith the expenses accrued on
my last jaunt, but am at a loss to make out the roll, as I do
not know whether Continental pay is allowed ; beg you
will inform me of this. As we have not finished with all
the delinquents yet, thought best to suspend until I could
give you the full accounts ; the remainder are to come be-
fore the committee on Monday. Bishop has not been before
us ; yet shall with the greatest pleasure embrace every op-
portunity to let you know how we come on. Capt. Jansen
is not yet returned from his New England jaunt ; before he
went from home we concluded to have advertisements
drawed and printed ; and as there is no printer about here,
beg the favour of you to employ some able hand to draw
them properly, and please to have them printed, and con-
vey them to us by the first opportunity ; the expenses will
repay very readily. At the other side have put the time
down when the outrage was committed.
I remain, dr. sir, your very h. servt.
PETRUS VAN GAASBECK.
P. S. On Monday 23d Sept. 1776, in the night the out-
rage was committed, one hundred dollars reward to him that
discovers the person or persons. You will please to have it
drawn in such form as you think will answer the end best.
Twenty-four printed will be plenty, I think.
Yours, &c.
P. V. GAASBECK.
[Letter from Wm. Floyd at Head-Quarters, Harlem.]
Head-Quarters, i
At Harlem, October \bth, 1776. J
Gentlemen — Enclosed I send you some resolves of
Congress, with a newspaper, agreeable to your desire, I
yesterday sent you by Mr. Wisner ten thousand dollars, for
the purpose of paying for the blankets and clothing to be
purchased in this State, all which I hope will come safe
to hand.
I am now going to try to get off some of my effects from
the island if it is possible, and shall be absent from Con-
gress a few days. I beg you will excuse me as it is the
first time I have absented myself ; but it happens at a time
when no important matter was hke to come before us.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest esteem,
Your most obedt. servt.
WM. FLOYD.
Honourable Convention.
[Letter from the Delegates in Congress at Philadelphia, covering a re-
ceipt of Jas. Hunter for 100,000 dollars, received of them for the
use of this State.]
PhUa. 7th October, 1776.
Gentlemen — Mr. Livingston wrote you a few lines the
28th September, acquainting you that we had obtained a
vote of Congress on the Treasurer, for one hvmdred thou-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
321
sand dollars, which it was not in our power to send you
before this time. Enclosed you have Mr. Hunter's receipt
for the same. The gentlemen who carry this money are of
the hghthorse of this city, and of respectable characters ;
we request you will pay attention to them as such.
The committee of Congress to whom your papers re-
specting Genl. Schuyler were committed, have reported,
we hope to your satisfaction.
Mr. Ruttledge informs us that he had transmitted a copy
to Robt. R. Livingston, Esqr. and a certified copy shall be
sent you per post, which will probably come to your hands
before this letter.
On the 5th inst. we were going to move Congress, that
they would direct Genl, Washington to propose to Genl.
Howe, the exchange of Brigadier-Genl. Woodhull for
Brigd. Genl. McDonald, when a Pennsylvania newspaper
of same date was handed to us, by which it would appear
that Brigadier-Genl. Woodhull had taken such a part as
would put it out of our power to move for his exchange ;
should be glad you would inform us if there be any truth in
this conjecture, and direct us as to our conduct therein.
We are respectfully, gentlemen,
Your very humble servts.
ERA. LEWIS,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
WM. FLOYD.
The Honble. the Convention of New- York.
Received, Philada. Octobr. 7th, 1776, of the Honble. the
Delegates of New-York, a box containing one hundred thou-
sand dollars, the which to be delivered to the Honble. the
Convention of New-York, now sitting at the Fishkills, for
which given two receipts of equal tenor and dale. The
contents unknown.
JAS. HUNTER.
Elizabethtown, October 10th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I here send you by the bearer, Mr. Lit-
tle, the letter I received by him from the lieutenant of your
schooner Genl. Putnam, which you will please to have read
and consider the contents. I am well assured they must
want provisions and necessaries. I some time ago forward-
ed to you a petition from them, which I would beg your
consideration, with respect to Capt. Cregier's conduct. I
make no doubt but you will order a supply of provisions
and money for them.
I am, gentn. your most obdt. humble servt.
THOS. RANDALL,
To the Hon. Provincial Congress,
for the State of New- York.
iLetter from Thomas Quigley to Thomas Randall.]
On board the Putnam, Cranberry, Oct. 6, 1776.
Sir — I received yours of the 1st of October, in which
you advise me to keep a good look out for the enemy's ves-
.sels. You may depend there shall none of them pass us
through our negligence ; we have seen three since my last
to you, the first, a large snow, which we chased within sight
of the Hook, but two of the enemy's vessels, tenders,
coming out of the Hook, was obliged to give over the chase
and return. The second, a brig, we took to be a transport,
which we likewise chased some hours off Cranberry inlet,
but being in sight of four other vessels, and one of them, a
frigate, who gave us chase, we were obliged to run in again.
The third, a hermaphrodite, but the wind blowing hard at
northeast, could not get out to her. I have thought fit to
send Mr. Little to you to be informed what we are to do
for provision, it being very near out; we have, since the
captain went away, broached one barrel of beef and one
of bread entirely spoiled, and at this time there is not above
three days' meat on board the vessel. We have not above
four foremast men that is able to stand their watch upon
deck for want of shoes and other clothing : therefore tliev
[Vol. II.] 81
beg you would endeavour to give us some speedy relief,
either by sending us some money or otherwise as you shall
think most expedient. I had a letter from the captain of
the same dale of yours, but he has not mentioned any cer-
tain time of his being on board, which makes me conclude
that it will not be very soon, as he is no greater starter.
I am, sir, your humble servt.
THOMAS QUIGLEY.
To Thomas Randall, Esqr.
[Resolution of the Continental Congress of the 19th June and 25th of
September, respecting clothing.]
In Congress, June 19, 1776.
Whereas it is indispensably necessary for the good of
the service that the soldiers of the United Colonies should
be well provided with blankets and clothing : Therefore,
Resolved, That it be recommended to the Assemblies
and Conventions of the United Colonies foithwith to cause
a suit of clothes, of which the waistcoat and breeches may
be of deer leather, if to be had on reasonable terms, a
blanket, felt hat, two shirts, two pair of hose and two pair
of shoes, to be manufactured or otherwise procured at
reasonable rates, in their respective Colonies, for each
soldier of the American army, enlisted therein for the pre-
sent campaign, and that the same be baled, invoiced and
stored in suitable places, to be delivered to the order of
Congress or the Commander-in-Chief of the American
army.
September 25th, 1776.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the General As-
semblies and Conventions of the United States to forward
to Head-Quarters, the clothing, blankets and necessaries
which they may have provided in consequence of the re-
solution of Congress of the 19th of June last, drawing on
the President for the cost and conveyance thereof, in which
it is hoped the utmost diligence and expedition will be used,
that those who expose themselves to danger in defending
and protecting their fellow-citizens, may suffer as liltle as
possible from inclement seasons.
Extract from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
[Letter from A. Hawkes Hay.]
Haver straw, October 15th, 1776.
Dear Sir — I am to acknowledge the receipt of yours
of the 12lh instant, covering the sum of five hundred dol-
lars and the resolve of the Committee of Safety ordering a
reinforcement of one hundred men from the north side of
this county to protect the shore on the south side of the
mountains as soon as levied. I fear this supply will come
too late and be insufficient for the purpose intended. The
ships attempted a landing at Nyack on Sunday last, but
was prevented by a party of men under my command.
Some damage was done to the house and barn of Ph.
Servant ; two of the cutters fired several shot through
them, but none of my men were hurt, though one of the
shot from the cutters passed so near my head as to carry
away a piece of my hat. We are in daily expectation of
their proceeding up the river ; and I am sorry to inform
the Committee of Safety that should they attempt to land
with one barge, I can not command a force sufficient to
prevent their penetrating the country. I have exerted my-
self to muster the militia, but have not been able to raise
a guard of more than thirty-eight men of my regiment at
any one time at Nyack. The wood cullers employed by
order of General Heath have been with me, but have re-
ceived orders to proceed in cutting wood for the army, and
I have not at present but eleven men to guard I he shore
between Verdudigo Hook and Stony Point. In this situa-
tion, 1 leave the Committee of Safety to determine what
can be expected from me in a way of opposition. My
whole regiment consists of but 300 men ; most of them
322
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
are without arms, they having been taken for the Conti-
nental troops. Most of my men refuse to attend the ser-
vice, though repeatedly summoned. Many reasons are
assigned for this desertion of the service, such as, that the
troops last raised were by the Convention expressly levied
for the purpose of protecting the shore ; that this mduced
many of their people to enlist, but have been drawn off
from the immediate defence of their wives, children and
property to guard the eastern shore of the river, contrary
to their expectations ; others declare that if they leave their
business, their families must starve, as they have all their
corn and buckwheat to secure, and have been so called off
during the summer by the public troubles as not to have
been able to put in the ground any winter grain, and would
therefore as leave die by the sword as by famine. A third
set, and the most numerous, declare that the Congress
have rejected all overtures for a reconciliation, inconsistent
with independency ; that all they desire is peace, liberty
and safetj', and if they can procure that, they are content-
ed.
I thought it my duty to give the Committee of Safety
this information, that ways and means might be immedi-
ately provided for the defence of this part of the country.
I have wrote to General Clinton at Fort Montgomery for
assistance, but can get none ; and I have no reason to ex-
pect any from the English Neighbourhood, as I hear two
brigades are drawn off from there to the eastern side of
the river.
If the enemy should land here with any considerable
force, they could, with the assistance of proper guides,
proceed through the mountains and attack our forts in the
Highlands with great ease. In this view Haverstraw is of
more importance than it otherwise would be, and nothing
but a desire to support our present glorious struggle for
liberty induces me to wish an immediate support, without
which I can promise but a feeble resistance.
I am ashamed to assure you, sir, that I am obliged to
send this by ray own negro, as I can not spare a white
man to send express. I beg you will lay this before the
Committee of Safety and despatch the bearer as soon as
possible.
I am, dr. sir, with esteem.
Your very hum. servt.
A. HAWKES HAY.
N. B. The troops last raised out of my regiment are
now stationed at Peekskill. Please give the negro a per-
mit to return back to this place.
To Col. Peter R. Livingston, President of
the Convention of the State of New- York at Fishkill.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman.l
Head-Quarters, )
Harlem. Heights, i4th October, 1776. >
Gentn. — The enemy have made no move from Frog's
Point since yesterday; at least we have heard of none. I
am just going up with His Excellency to East and West
Chester to see how matters stand. I shall therefore be
able to give you better information to-morrow.
I am, gentlemen,
Yours, most respectfully,
TENCH TILGHMAN.
To RoBT. R. Livingston or William Duer, Esq.
of Committee of Correspondence, Fishkill,
[Letter from from Robert H. Harrison.]
Head-Quarters, )
Harlem Heights, October 14, 1776. I
Sir — Your favour of the 12th, addressed to Mr. Tilgh-
man, just now came to hand, which I took the liberty to
open, as he is out with His Excellency visiting the posts
beyond King's Bridge, and the several passes leading from
Frog's Point and the adjacent necks. General Mifflin will
write you about the boards, &c. which were coming down,
and give directions how they arc to be disposed of. The
hint you are pleased to mention may prove of infinite im-
portance. I do not know that its authenticity should be
doubted. Many circumstances, combine to give it a face
of probability, if not of entire certainty. The enemy are
still on the Point. The report which was first brought,
and which was current through the camp, was premature,
so far as it regarded their disposition and marching in two
divisions to East and Westchester. Colo. Tash, lately
from New-Hampshire, is ordered up with his regiment to
your assistance, and for the security of such posts and
passes as the Convention may think necessary.
General Lee just now arrived, and is gone after his Ex-
cellency. Lord Stirling is well.
I am in haste, and with respect, sir,
Your most obedient servant,
ROBT. H. HARRISON.
[Letter fromWallkill Committee relating to powder manufactory, &c.]
In Committee, Walkill, Ulster county, )
September 11, 1776. J
This is to certify, that Henry Wisner, Jan. and Morris
Phillips have made sufficient proof to this committee,
agreeable to a resolve of Congress, that they had erected a
powder mill in this precinct, and had her complete at work
by the twentieth of May last.
And also that sufficient proof has been made as afore-
said, that there was manufactured at said mill one thousand
four hundred and fifty-nine pounds of good merchantable
gun powder, in seven days successively.
By order of the committee.
WILLIAM WILKIN, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Representatives
of the State of New- York.
[Mr. N. Bayard's application for compensation for the keeping of the
records. J
On the 11th February last, agreeable to an order of Con-
gress, the records of this Province were, for greater secu-
rity, removed to the house of Mr. Nicholas Bayard, in the
outward of the city of New-York. His house was at that
time much incumbered with furniture belonging to his
friends in the city, besides his own large family of children,
and a family he had taken in from the city. Notwith-
standing this, he was necessiated to furnish the secretary
with his largest room for the records and clerks, another
room for his private use, and to have his own bed roona in
common with the secretary, &c.
A guard, consisting of an officer, two non-commissioned
officers and twelve privates, came out and continued with
the records. The officer Mr. Bayard could not decently
avoid asking to his table. The secretary being Mr. Bay-
ard's kinsman, he means not to hint was burthensome ; but
the number of people that came out on business with him
was a considerable tax.
The first month the guard was furnished by Mr. Bayard
with candles, as well for the guard room, as for the pas-
sage to the office, where sentries were placed.
Firewood was found them day and night from first to
last. The expenses of supplying the privates with liquor
and other necessaries they constantly wanted, was consi-
derable, to say nothing of their plundering.
The records were continued there with this guard till
the last of June, above 4^ months.
The Honourable President of the
Provincial Congress of New-York.
[Letter from the Committee of Poundridge.]
Poundridge, loth October, 1776.
Honoured Sirs — We, the sub-committee of Pound-
ridge in Westchester county, beg leave to inform your Ho-
nours that we are apprehensive that there is danger of our
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
prisoners leaving us and going to the Ministerial army, as
we are not above nine or ten miles from the water where
the Sound is full of the Ministerial ships and tenders. One
of our number is already gone to Long island, and num-
bers are gone from other places, who are no doubt now
with the Ministerial army. There are disaffected persons
daily going over to them, which gives us much trouble ;
therefore we humbly beg your Honours would give us
some directions concerning ihem, that they may be speedily
removed at some farther distance. We would also inform
you, that for the misdemeanors of one of them and our own
safety, we have been obliged to commit him to jail at the
White Plains.
These with all proper respects,
From yours to serve,
JOSHUA AMBLER.
Chairn. of Committee.
To the Honourable the Provincial
Congress of the State of New-York.
[Letter from T. Tilghman, at Head-Quarters, Harlem Heights.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Harlem Heights, October 17, 1776. 5
Dear Sir — I must take the liberty of answering your
two favours to Mr. Harrison and myself, otherwise I should
continue him in a correspondence which he only took up
as a volunteer. In truth, he has his hands full enough of
other matters.
I have not time to describe the situation of our army
perfectly to you ; but you may depend that every step is
taken to prevent the enemy from outflanking us, and at the
same time to secure our retreat in case of need. The ene-
my have made no move from Frog's Point. We may say
the 17th of October is come and nearly past without the
predicted blow. The winds have not been favourable to
pass Hell-Gate, where several of their transports are now
lying ; perhaps that may be the reason. I do not know
how it is, but I believe their design to circumvent us this
time will prove as abortive as the former ones. If we can
but foil General Howe again, I think we knock him up for
the campaign.
You ask if General Lee is in health, and if our people
feel bold ? I answer both in the affirmative. His appear-
ance among us has not contributed a little to the latter. We
are sinking the ships as fast as possible ; 200 men are daily
employed, but they take an immense quantity of stone for
the purpose.
The General is highly pleased with the resolutions of
your Congress, which you were kind enough to transmit.
He wishes they may be carried thoroughly into execution.
Your commissary should consult Mr. Trumbull, the Com-
missary-General, before they drive down any stock, lest
they should bring too many upon his hands at a time.
What grain, straw or hay they may provide, falls into the
Quarter-Master-General's department. General Mifflin,
with whom they should endeavour to cooperate.
The General has had no great experience of the abilities
of Monsr. Imbert, the French engineer, who goes up with
your express. But he thinks it would be of service to you
if Mr. Mechin could spare time to step over and point out
to Monsr. Imbert the kind of work that will be most advan-
tageous and soonest constructed, so as to answer the desired
purpose. I mention this, because Imbert, in some works
he began here went upon too large a scale, and with more
regularity than is necessary in this rough country. Per-
haps he wanted to shew his skill, but he would liavc been
too tedious. You must endeavour to procure him an inter-
preter, otherwise he will be much at a loss to direct the
working parlies.
As Mr. Mechin belongs to the cotnmand at Fort Mont-
gomery, the General did not choose to give a positive or-
der to withdraw him from thence ; he only meant then, and
means now, that he should come over if he can be spared.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 323
General Mercer went upon Staten island the night before
last with 2000 men, but we have not yet heard the issue of
his expedition.
I am, dear sir,
Most respectfully yours,
* TENCH TILGHMAN.
To Wm. Duer, Esq. of the Committee
of Correspondence.
[Letter from Abrm. Lott to the Convention of New-York.]
Beverwyck, October 9th, 1776.
Gentlemen — It is with pain that I find myself under
a necessity of again addressing instead of attending you.
But when I consider that I have to do with a respectable
body, who will do me the justice to believe, that want of
time, and not want of inclination has prevented my wait-
ing on them, I find myself in some measure relieved.
The truth is, I have been assiduously employed in pre-
paring my accounts ever since I had the honour to write
you by Mr. Campbell, and have now got them in such a
train, that, barring interruption by visitors drove from the
city, which frequently happens since its evacuation, and
indisposition, I hope to be able to set out in about ten days.
Mr. Morris, who I expect will be the bearer of this, will,
I trust convince you that I do not mean to make any unne-
cessary delay, but that I will attend as soon as in my
power ; which I hope you will believe, as well as that
I am, with respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servant,
ABRM. LOTT.
To the Hon. Convention of the Representatives
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Gouvr. Morris to the President of the Convention of the
State of New- York.]
Boonton, New-Jersey, IZth October, 1776.
Sir — I take the liberty to enclose you a letter which I
ought in person to have delivered. Truth is, a series of
accidents too trifling for recital, have prevented me the plea-
sure of attending the Convention according to my serious
intention for upwards of a month past. Among the last,
let me mention the loss of all of my horses. As soon as
I can find any one of them or purchase another, I shall
hasten to the Fishkills. Mr. Lott is to my knowledge, em-
ployed in perfecting a state of his accounts for the inspec-
tion of the House, and is, I assure you, the remotest de-
gree possible from contravening, disbelieving or doubting
your authority, which I dare say, he will give you the
fullest evidence of. But the disorders of the State have
affected the private afl'airs of every person near to the im-
mediate seat of confusion. Judge then whether intricate
accounts can be instantly adjusted from papers hastily
thrown together and moved upon the spur of the occasion
by any person whatsoever, much less by one who is liable
to continual interruptions by those who being fellow suf-
ferers with him in the general calamity, claim the rights of
hospitality at his board.
I am respectfully, sir, yours,
GOUVR. MORRIS.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Peter Van Ness, covering a pay roll.]
Clavcrack District, October 14, 1776.
Sir — I beg leave to enclose you a pay roll of a detach-
ment of men out of my regiment, who have been upon the
public service in the Manor Livingston last month. By
the direction of Mr. Yates, I now take the liberty to re-
quest of you to lay the same before the Honbl. Conven-
tion for their approbation, and if they see fit to order that
the same may be discharged at the public expense of this
State, I conceive this rc()uisilion will not be thought un-
reasonable when I represent to you the exliausled state of
324
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
my regiment by the voluntary enlistment and repeated drafts
that are gone out of the same into the service, as well as
the frequent alarms and dangers within and about us, to
which they are exposed, and upon which occasion they
now are and have been frequently called out, to the insup-
portable damage of many, unless in some measure indem-
nified at the public charge. Should Convention think pro-
per to allow it, give me leave to request of you to acquaint
me therewith.
I am your most obedt. very humb. servt.
PETER VAN NESS.
To Col. Peter R. Livingston,
President of the Hon. Convention.
Head-Quarters, ?
King's Bridge, 20th October, 1776. J
[Letter from Tench Tilghman to William Duer.]
Dear Sir — I am to acknowledge the receipt of your
two favours of the 16th and 17th, and Mr, McKesson's of
the 14th. We have been so much upon the move for some
days past, that I had it not in my power to set down to
write before. To be obliged to follow an enemy whose
route is a secret to us, is not a little distressing, especially
as we have not wagons sufficient to transport our baggage
and provision. The latter must be particularly attended
to, or the army must perish. Upon a survey of our stores
we find we are not so iully stocked as we could wish ; flour
is what is most likely to be wanted. His Excellency there-
fore calls upon your Convention in the most pressing man-
ner, and begs you will set every engine at work to send
down every barrel you can procure, towards the army,
always ordering the persons who conduct the wagons to
inquire how far and upon what roads the enemy are ad-
vanced, lest they fall into their hands. All the cattle that
can be collected, you will please to have drove down, using
the same precautions when they come near the advanced
posts. The General has given orders for the removal of
all our magazines from the Sound, but the enemy have
such an advantage by the command of the water, that pos-
sibly some may be intercepted ; it therefore behooves us to
double our diligence in procuring supplies from every quar-
ter that remains open. The Commissary-General is sent
for from the eastward ; his presence will be of great service ;
but in the meantime great dependence must be put upon
the exertions of all our friends in your quarter.
The Quarter-Master-General has sent up agents who
will give directions concerning the brig and sloop at the
Fishkill upper landing ; and the General desires that Mr.
Philipse would not send down the powder from his mills, but
keep it in some secure place till further orders. This is
in answer to Mr. McKesson's letter of the 14th.
Our hurry will excuse my not writing to him particu-
larly.
I enclose you a letter from Col. Denny, by which it ap-
pears that he is vigilant in watching the motions of the
men of war ; but the General will, notwithstanding, give
him a hint of what you say.
The enemy's van is at New-Rochelle. We continue to
outflank them, and hope will succeed. We have had one
little skirmish, in which our troops behaved amazingly well.
Arnold has certainly been worsted on the lakes, but it is
no wonder, considering the diff"erence of strength. But the
wonder is, that we should have been so misinformed as to
the naval force of the enemy. I am afraid our scouts make
the news they bring home. You can not expect the regular
information I have heretofore given you. But remember
no news is good news. You shall always have any thing
remarkably good or bad. It is no time to stand upon tri-
fling matters.
I am, dear sir, sincerely yours,
TENCH TILGHMAN.
P. S. The powder had got to the bridge last Saturday
week ; 2 tons at the mill.
Wm. Duer, Esqr.
[Letter from Elisha Avery, D. C. Gen. al Albany.]
Gentlemen — The immediate necessity there is for
flour to supply the forces of the United States in the nor-
thern department at this critical juncture, they being in
danger of being soon attacked by the enemy, and not
being suplipcd but for a short time, and a reinforcement
daily going to their assistance, which will greatly add to
the consumption of that article, together wiih the present
scarcity in this city, induces me to request your interpo-
sition and aid in procuring a supply for the above purpose;
being informed that the greatest part of the flour upon
both sides of Hudson's river is purchased up by contrac-
tors by order of your Honourable Body, by which means
the persons I have sent out on that business have not been
able to procure but a small quantity. I must therefore en-
treat you to take the matter into consideration, and grant
me such assistance as is in your power and the exigency
of the case requires ; and must humbly request that you
will order two thousand barrels flour sent up to this place
as soon as possible, otherwise the army will be cut short,
and perhaps the consequences will be fatal. I am, with
all due submission.
Your honours' most obedt.
And most humbl. servt.
ELISHA AVERY, D. C. G.
To the Honble. Convention of the
State of New-York-
Albant Committee Chamber, )
20th Octr. 1776. J
Gent. — We join in the commissary's request, and beg
you will send forward with all despatch, if not the whole
quantity, as much as can be spared, for this department.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY,
Chairman, P. T.
To the Convention of the State of
New-York.
[Col. Snyder's return of officers.]
Fort Montgomery, October ISth, 1776.
Gentlemen — Whereas, by resolve of your Honoura-
ble Board bearing date the 7th of Septr. last past, I am
appointed colonel to command 600 men to be raised in the
several counties therein mentioned, to reinforce forts Con-
stitution and Montgomery in the Highlands ; and whereas
I arrived here the 27th of said Septr. and the several offi-
cers appointed by the field officers of the several counties
now here present and at Fort Constitution, are as follows,
to wit :
Capt. Frederick Schoonmaker, his 1st lieut. Daniel
Graham, his 2nd lieut. Cornells Van Wagenen ; Capt.
William Tilfort, 1st lieut. William Kuddeback, 2nd lieut.
Hendricus Feerpenning, Junr. ; Capt. Matthew Johnson,
Junr. 1st lieut. , 2nd lieut. Evert
Hoff"man. — In the county of Ulster.
Capt. James Sawjer, 1st lieut. George Luckey, 2nd
lieut. Gilbert Veail. — In Orange County.
Capt. Thomas Storm, 1st lieut. Eliakam Barman, 2nd
lieut. not returned ; Capt. Ebenezer Husted, 1st lieut.
John Wilson, 2nd lieut. David Ostrom. — In Dutchess
County.
Capt. Ithamar Spencer, 1st lieut. Henry Irwin, 2nd
lieut. John Murray ; Capt. John Williams, 1st lieut. Phi-
lip Staats, 2nd lieut. Peter Van Berregan. — In the county
of Albany.
And whereas, by virtue of said resolve, I have appoint-
ed David Bevier, adjutant, and Coenraedt Jo. Elmendorph,
quarter-master ; and I conceive it necessary the gentlemen
appointed as above, should have commissions from your
Honourable Board, in order to confirm their appointments,
and also to exercise their power more satisfactory to the
men under their command. Therefore I desire your
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
325
favour to make out the commissions for the several gentle-
men above appointed in their ranks, and send the commis-
sions to me by the bearer hereof, Lieut. Daniel Graham,
who is sent for that purpose, and by so doing you will
oblige your humble servt.
JOHS. SNYDER, Colo.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New- York, now convened at the Fishkill.
[Letter from Col. Snyder, at Fort Montgomery.]
Whereas, by a resolve of said Convention, bearing date
the 7th of Sept. last past, it was ordered to raise 600 men
out of the militia of the several counties therein mention-
ed, and to form a regiment to reinforce the garrisons at
the forts Constitution and Montgomery in the Highlands,
under the command of the field officers appointed by said
Convention, to wit : First colonel, Johannis Snyner ; lieu-
tenant-colonel, John Baily, Junr. And whereas I have
immediately upon the receipt of resolve, met the several
colonels of the several regiments of Ulster county in order
to agree what number of men each regiment should raise
in proportion of the 200 men ordered to be raised in said
county of Ulster, and agreed as follows :
Colo. Johannis Snyder's regiment, 38 privates.
Colo. Jonathan Hasbrouck's, 62 do
Lieut. Colo. James McClanghry's, 56 do
Lieut. Colo, Jacob Hornbeek's, 44 do
Total, 200
And whereas I arrived at this place, (Fort Montgomery,)
the 27th of Sept. last with the quota of my regiment (ex-
cept five who were sick and unfit) and since my arrival
here my regiment now amounts to the number, as follows :
From Colo. Snyder's regiment,. • . present .. 33 wanted .. 5
From Colo- Hasbrouck's, do ..17 do ..45
From Colo. McClaughry's, do . . 44 do . . 12
From Colo. Hornbeek's, do . . 24 do . . 20
From the county of Albany, arrived Ill do ..39
From the county of Dutchess, do 87 do . . 88
From the county of Orange, do 63 do . . 12
Present, 379 Wanted, 221
Gentlemen — There is a true state of my regiment now
under my command, whereof three companies are station-
ed by General Clinton's orders at Fort Constititution, un-
der the command of Colo. Bailey. Gentlemen, I think it
necessary that your Honourable Board should issue your
orders to the several field officers of the several counties,
to order the deficiency of their quota of men immediately
to join ray regiment ; if that should not be the case, there
is no prospect for raising men for the future, for the best
of men are chiefly already in the service and those that
are rather disaffected to the cause decline, and will not go
even if it fell their lot by ballot ; and it appears to me that
the field officers have little or no concern about it, for I
never received as much as a return from any of the field
officers, whether they had raised and ordered their quota
of men to join my regiment. So, gentlemen, I shall rest
this matter to your superior wisdom, and shall conduct
myself to your directions,
And remain, gentlemen,
Your humble servant,
JOHS. SNYDER, Col.
Fort Montgomery, Odr. l^lh, 1776.
To the Honourable Convention of the State of
New-York, now convened at the Fishkill.
[Letter from Stephen Ward.]
October 2Ut, 1776.
Sir — I am honoured with the appointment of the
Honble. Convention and their resolves therewith, in the
construction of one of which the deputy commissary and
myself diff'er ; I contend that by the third resolve no hides
are meant but the hides of such cattle as the owners refuse
to sell ; he contends that the hides of all the cattle pur-
[VoL. II.] 82
chased in this county are meant. I shall be proud to have
the direction of the Honble. Convention, but beg leave to
observe that the expense of the carriage of the hides through
the Highlands will nearly equal the value. And with sub-
mission to the better judgment of the Convention, I con-
ceive it will be for the interest of the State, that if there is
any purchasers here they should be immediately sold.
However, the directions of the Convention shall be my
guide.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect.
Your most obliged humble servant,
STEPHEN WARD.
To RoBT. R. Livingston, Esq.
[Letter from Chas. D. Witt, Robt. Harpur and Lewis Graham.]
White Plains, 2Ath Octr. 1776.
Sir — The situation of our moving army prevented the
attention of the general officers to the subject on which we
came till yesterday, and we expect to have it completed by
to-morrow ; when we shall set out for Convention with all
possible speed, calling on General James Clinton in our
way.
We are requested by the generals of our State, to in-
form you of the absolute necessity our troops are in for
want of clothing. They think it would greatly promote a
speedy enlistment if those who are already engaged during
the war, should be clolhediimmediately ; that the soldiers'
coats should by all means be made large with the pockets
on the inside, which is more convenient in rainy weather ;
that the cloth should be first soaked in water to prevent
shrinking ; that the coats be of two sizes, and the initial
letters of the State with the number of the regiment on the
buttons ; that these clothes may be sent forward to the
army in such quantities as you can have finished weekly,
is in our opinion indispensably necessary at this time.
Shoes and stockings are also much wanted, and should be
sent down without delay. We hope the above will be at-
tended to, even in the midst of that variety of perplexing
business, which we but too well know is the present lot ol
our worthy Convention or Committee.
As to news, yesterday there were several skirmishes
between the out parties of both armies, in all which we
have been successful : in one we killed ten of the villains
and took three prisoners. Thirty-six of Rogers's band fell
into our hands also, and had the order of Lord Stirling
been strictly obeyed, we should have had the whole party
with their infamous leader. The foe having retreated from
Mamaroneck, gives cause to suspect their having laid aside
the design of enclosing us.
We are, sir, your and Convention's,
Most obedt. and very humble servants,
CH. D. WITT,
ROBT. HARPUR,
LEWIS GRAHAM,
P. S. Sir — We cannot omit communicating to you a
scheme which we have thought of since here, of exciting
the desertion of Hessians. That two or three hundred
thousand short hand bills in the German and Low Dutch
tongues, be sent as soon as possible to our general officers,
who can readily circulate them about tiie fields, so as to
answer the purpose of a very general information in a little
lime, and in their opinion would have a good effect.
Yours as above.
To the Honble. Peter R. Livtngston,
President of the Convention.
[Letter to Col. Snyder, by Col. Allison.]
Sir— I am directed by the Committee of Safety to en-
close the commissions for your regiment agreeable to your
request, but the Committee not being furnished with pro-
per evidence of the rank or merit of oflicers have left the
commissions undated. In doing of which the Committee
326 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
doubts not but you will do your best endeavours lo fix an
arrangement upon the justest of principles.
I am likewise directed to inform you that when the re-
solves passed for raising your battalion, and the field offi-
cers appointed to command the same, it was agreed that
Orange county should be entitled to the oldest captain,
which you will please to observe in giving out the com-
missions.
[Letter from P- T. Curtenius.]
Paramus, Octo. 2Alh, 1776.
Gentn. — Since closing my letter I received a letter
from Mr. Comfort Sands to furnish him with my account
against the Congress as far as it was audited, which is
out of my power, because my account and vouchers were
delivered to Mr. Bancker, who told me he had delivered
them to Mr. Paulding at Tarry Town. If they are still in
his possession, it would be absolutely necessary to send for
them lest they should fall in the hands of the enemy,
which would be a great loss to the State.
I am, gent, your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. The person who fetches them must have a car-
riage, as the box is too large to carry on a horse.
To the Honble. the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from P. T. Curtenius.]
Paramus, Octo. 24th, 1776.
The last time I had the honour to write to you was from
Philadelphia, the 20th inst. to which I beg leave to refer.
Since I came home, Mrs. Curtenius informed me that
she had forwarded a letter from the Convention directed to
me, but I have never received it. I thought proper to in-
form you of this, that you might have an opportunity to
send me a copy of it, provided it is not too late to execute
the business I was directed to do in the letter.
In my letter of the 20lh inst. I requested the favour to
have the money sent to me. If it is not convenient to send
it, please to let me know and I will come and fetch it.
I am, with respect, gent.
Your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. Enclosed is the resolve of Congress which I had
omitted to enclose in my letter of the 20th inst.
To the Honble. the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Lieut Col. Gansevoort's recommendation of Henry Colbrath and
McCIannen, for ensigns.]
Mbany, 3d December, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have this day assumed upon myself, to
issue instructions to the undermentioned persons to recruit
for my battalion, to wit, Henry Colbrath and McCIannen ;
they are persons whom I did not know till lately, when
they were recommended to me by some officers : they are
at present lieutenants in Colonel Nicholson's regiment. I
was induced to do this as they had considerable influence
among the men in that regiment, and probably to get them
to reengage ; and having but few recruiting officers in this
quarter, I am under some apprehensions that the men will
be gone before I might find others, there appearing so
great a reluctance in the young gentlemen in and about Al-
bany to engage in the service ; many of Col. Van Schaick's
officers having, as I am informed, declined to accept their
appointments. I shall continue to issue instructions to
such gentlemen as I shall approve of, and sending you their
names, until otherwise directed by your committee. I have
however, made no other engagements with the above gen-
tlemen, but that I would recommend them for ensigns, and
that I doubted not but that your committee would lake no-
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
tice of it ; and should they not, that they should bepaid as
recruiting officers.
1 am, sir, with great respect,
Your very hum. servant,
P'. GANSEVOORT.
To Robert Yates, Esqr.
[Letter from Fred. Weissenfels.]
Peektkill, December 2d, 1776.
Dear Sir — The constant movement of the army makes
it somewhat difficult with respect to the speedy raising of re-
cruits for the regiment, notwithstanding I havedelivered seme
officers, who are on the spot, the cash for the above pur-
pose, and doubt not we will pick up the men as fast as cir-
cumstances permit. Enclosed is a list of officers who will
not serve, together with the names of those who I humbly
presume to recommend. Doctor Woodrof would be glad
to be appointed in Col. Van Cortlandt's regiment, he is
now surgeon in Colonel Ritzema's, and a good surgeon.
As for a surgeon's mate I know none, except one Minema,
who I fear is taken prisoner, as he was on the other side
with the sick. The chaplain I hope you have been pleas-
ed to appoint, and also the paymaster ; both of thern I
made bold to recommend last time I had the honour of be-
ing with you.
I would be much obliged to you to communicate to me
the arrangement of the other York battalion.
And with great respect, 1 remain, sir.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
FRED. WEISSENFELS.
Officers who refuse to serve : Capt. John Johnson, Capt.
Richard Piatt, who is brigade major ; Capt. Eliah Hun-
ter; Lieut. James M. Hughes ; Lieut. John Johnson.
Officers whom I humbly proposed to recommend : 2d
Capt., John Copps ; 1st Capt., Gershora Mott ; 2d Captain,
John Brogdon ; all in Col. Nicholson's regiment. Lieut.
Hugh McClallen, and Lieut. John Nichols, in the above
regiment. Gregeir, in the room of Joseph Henning, as en-
sign ; doctor Hunlock Woodroof ; paymaster, Christo-
pher Bennet ; chaplain, Reverd. Mr. Ganno.
I am sorry to inform you that Capt. Pellon does not an-
swer my expectation, and therefore should be sorry that he
should be the oldest captain, but would presume to men-
tion, that Capt. Graham is much more deserving.
FRED. WEISSENFELS.
[Letter from Jas. Duane.]
Manor of Livingston, 26th Dec. 1776.
Gent. — Be pleased to examine whether there is a va-
cancy for the bearer, recommended by Mr. Yates, and in
that case give him his recruiting orders. I am told Col.
Van Schaick's officers have already more than their com-
plement.
To Mr. Yates, I have w^ritten in pressing terms to re-
pair to the Fishkills. The service suffers but too much
from the impediments to the arrangement which arise from
his long absence.
I am, with great respect, gent.
Your most obed. hum. servt.
JAS. DUANE.
Gent, of the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Gen. James Clinton, recommending Capt. Rosecrans and
Lieut. Lee.]
Fort Montgomery, December 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen — I received the resolve sent to me by your
Honourable House, setting forth the necessity of Col. Hum-
phrey and Snyder's regiments continuing until the first of
January next. But Col. Snyder's regiment went away
from here the 27th and 28th of November last, which
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
3-27
was before I received the resolve. I had the resolve
read to Col. Humphrey's regiment, but without success ;
upon some persuasion the officers all turned out— three
sergeants, two corporals and two privates — but in my
opinion, had the officers in general exerted themselves,
many of the men might have been persuaded to stay another
month ; but to do the regiment justice, there was some
good officers in it as well as men. Lieut. Hamille, who
acted as adjutant, and Lieut. Talmage are still employed
here.
I am very sorry to hear that Capt. Rosekrans of my re-
giment is not provided for in the new arrangement ; when
I heard he was not amongst the list of captains, I imagin-
ed he was promoted to the rank of a field officer, which I
think he was deserving of, for I must say, without any re-
flection on the rest of the officers in the regiment, and I
believe it will be acknowledged by the most of them, that
he was the best officer in it, and as he was the oldest offi-
cer, he often had the command of this garrison before I
moved here. Lieut. Lee, who was his heutenant and a
good officer, would have been willing to serve under him
as he was, but as he is appointed under another much be-
low his rank, he talks of declining, but I hope it is not too
late to continue them yet agreeable to their rank.
I am gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servant,
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
To the President of the Convention.
[Letter from Col. Weissenfels recommending Gregier as Ensign.]
Fishkill, December 2d, 1776.
Dear Sir — I have wrote to Mr. Robert Yates, and an-
nexed a hst of officers who will not serve, and who I think
will serve. I also humbly recomm-end them to your notice
Simon Gregeir is on the list for an ensigncy in the room of
Herring, who refuses ; by ray personal knowledge of these
gentelmen I have recommended, I am very sure they will
do honour to the service and their country.
I beg, dear sir, you would be pleased to save one dozen of
those shirts I bought, as the officers will be glad to have
some ; as soon as we return from the other side of the
river, I will send for them.
God grant us success in our expedition, for to-morrow
we shall go to the Jerseys. I am in great expectation of
doing something at the close of the year.
With much respect, I am, dear sir.
Your most humble servant.
FRED. WEISSENFELS.
Robert Habpub, Esq.
[Letter to John Rowe, Esq.]
In Committke of Safety,
Fishkill, December 3d, 1776.
Sir — This committee are informed by Mr. John Liv-
ingston, that he has purchased a quantity of goods of you
for tliis State, and left in your care four hogsheads. The
bearer, Mr. James Weeks is sent on purpose to bring the
goods to this place, which goods you will be kind enough
to deliver him ; he has Mr. John Livingston's order to you
for that purpose.
We are, sir, your most obt. servts,
JAS. CUYLER,
E. L'HOMMEDIEU,
JOHN ,MOORE.
To John Rowe, Esq. Boston.
[Letter to Capt. Nathaniel Piatt.]
Fishkill, Dec. 3d, 1776.
Str — The committee are informed that Col. Livingston
brought from Long island, a considerable number of fire
arms. The Convention have therefore directed us, that
those arms will be wanted in this State. You are recom-
mended to us as a proper person ; we request you will ap-
ply to Col. Livingston and take the arms, apprize them, and
transport them to this place as soon as possible, and for
your trouble and expenses you will be paid.
We are, sir, &c.
JAS. CUYLER,
E. L'HOMMEDIEU,
JOHN MOORE.
To Capt. Nathl. Platt, Milford.
[Letter of instructions to Capt. James Weeks.]
Fishkill, Dec. 3d, 1776,
Sir — You will immediately proceed from here to the
town of Boston, with the letter and order herewith delivered
you for Mr. John Rowe, who will deliver you four hogs-
heads of dry goods, with which you will repair here as
soon as possible ; for this purpose we have put in your
hands the sum of eighty pounds ; you will either buy teams
or hire them to carry the said goods, as to you may appear
most advantageous. You are to do every act in this busi-
ness with despatch and the least expense.
We are, sir, yours.
J. CUYLER,
JOHN MOORE,
E. L'HOMMEDIEU.
To Capt. James Weeks, Fishkill.
[Extracts from the minutes of the Committees chosen in the Eastern
States, to regulate the prices of sundry articles.]
Saturday, December 31, 1776.
Extracts from the minutes of the Committees appointed by
the States of Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, New-
Hampshire, and Rhode-Island Providence Plantations ;
convened at Providence, on Wednesday, the 25th day of
December, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven
hundred and seventy-six, and by adjournments to the 2d
of January, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-
seven.
The committee having resumed the consideration of af-
fixing and regulating the prices of the necessary and con-
venient articles of life, came to the following resolutions.
This committee taking into consideration the unbounded
avarice of many persons, by daily adding to the now most
intolerable exorbitant price of every necessary and conven-
nient article of life ; and also, the most extravagant price
of labour in general, which at this time of distress, unless
a speedy and effectual stop be put thereto, will be attend-
ed with the most fatal and pernicious consequences ; as it
not only disheartens and disaflfects the soldiers, who have
nobly entered into service for the best of causes, by oblig-
ing them to give such unreasonable prices for those things
that are absolutely needful for their very existence, that
their pay is not sufficient to subsist them ; but is also very
detrimental to the country in general.
Wherefore, it is recommended by this committee, that
the rates and prices hereafter enumerated, be affixed and
settled within the respective States of New-England, viz :
Farming labour in the summer season shall not exceed
three shillings and four-pence per day, and so in the usual
proportion at other seasons of the year ; and labour of me-
chanics and tradesmen, and all other labour to be compu-
ted according to the usages and customs that have here-
tofore been adopted and practised in dilferent parts of the
several States, compared with farming labour.
Good merchantable wheat shall not exceed the price of
seven shillings and six pence per bushel, in any part of the
States of Massachusetts Bay, New-Hampshire and Rhode-
Island Providence Plantations, and six shillings per bushel
in any part of the State of Connecticut.
Good merchantable rye shall not, in the State of Con-
necticut, exceed three shillings and six pence per bushel ;
328 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
and not in any part of the States of Massachusetts Bay,
New-Hampsliire and Rhode-Island Providence Plantations
four shillings and six pence per ljushel.
Good merchantable Indian corn shall not, in any part of
the State of Massachusetts Bay, exceed three shillings
and four pence per bushel ; and not in any part of the
Slate of Connecticut three shillings per bushel ; and not
in any part of the States of New-Hampshire and Rhode-
Island Providence Plantations three shillings and six pence
per bushel.
Good merchantable sheep's wool shall not, in any part
of the Slates of Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut and Rhode-
Island Providence Plantations, exceed two shillings per
pound, nor in any part of the Slate of New-Hampshire two
shillings and two pence per pound.
Pork in any part of the Massachusetts Bay shall not ex-
ceed, those weighing from 5 to 7 score Ad. per pound ; 7
to 10 score, 4|cZ. per pound ; all above 10 score 'i^d. per
pound. In any part of the Stale of Connecticut shall not
exceed, those weighing from 5 to 7 score 3\d. per pound ;
7 to 10 score S^d. per pound ; all above 10 score 3^d. per
pound. In any part of the State of New-Hampshire shall
not exceed, those weighing from 5 to 7 score 4.i^d. per
pound ; 7 to 10 score 4fc/. per pound ; all above 10 score
5f/. per pound. In any part of the State of Rhode-Island
Providence Plantations shall not exceed, those weighing
from 5 to 8 score 3id. per pound ; 7 to 10 score 4d. per
pound; all above 10 score Aid. per pound.
Grass-fed beef of the best quality in any part of the
States of Massachusetts Bay, New-Hampshire and Rhode-
Island Providence Plantations, shall not exceed three pence
per pound ; and in any part of the Slate of Connecticut
shall not exceed twenty-four shilhngs per hundred weight ;
and so in proportion in the said several States for stall-fed
beef, and likewise beef of an inferior quality.
Raw hides shall not exceed three pence per pound in any
part of the aforesaid Slates.
Good merchantable salt shall not exceed ten shiUings
per bushel in any part of the aforesaid States.
Good merchantable West-India rum shall not, in either
of the said States, exceed six shillings and eight pence per
gallon by the hogshead ; seven shillings and eight pence
per single gallon, and two shillings per quart ; and so in
like proportion for the smaller quantities, according to the
old and accustomed usages for retailing smaller quantities
in any part of the said States, save allowing one penny per
gallon for every 10 miles the same shall be conveyed by
land carriage from the first port of delivery, for the cost,
charge and risk in carrying the same.
New-England rum of the best quality shall not in any
part of the said States, exceed three shiUings and ten pence
per gallon by the hogshead ; four shiUings per gallon by
the barrel, and four shillings and six pence by the single
gallon at the ports and places where the same shall be
first distilled, (exclusive of the cask) ; and so in like propor-
tions for smaller quanities, according to the old and accus-
tomed usages for retailing small quantities, save aUowing
one penny per gallon for every ten miles the same shall be
conveyed by land carriage from the place of distillery, for
the cost, charges and risk of carrying the same.
Best muscovado sugar shall not in any of the said States
exceed fifty-four shillings per hundred weight by the hogs-
head ; fifty shiUings by the single hundred weight, and
eight pence per pound at the first port of delivery, allow-
ing nine pence per hundred weight for every ten miles
land carriage the same may be conveyed from the first
port of delivery, to defray the expense of carrying the same.
Molasses of the best quality shall not in any of the said
States exceed three shiUings and four pence per gallon by
the hogshead, three shillings and eight pence by the barrel,
and four shUlings by the single gallon, at the first port of
delivery, allowing one penny per gallon for every ten miles
land carriage the same may be conveyed from the said first
port of delivery, to defray the expense of carrying the same;
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
I making the accustomed and usual allowance for molasses
of an inferior quality.
American manufactured cheese shall not exceed six
pence per pound, in any part of either of the said Slates.
Butler of the best quality shaU not exceed ten pence per
pound in any part of either of the said States.
Peas shall not exceed eight shillings per bushel in any
part of either of the said States.
Potatoes, commonly called Spanish potatoes, of the best
sort shall not in the fall of the year exceed one shilling
and four pence per bushel, and not at any season of the
year exceed two shillings per bushel in any part of either
of the said States.
Men's good yarn stockings shall not exceed six shillings
per pair in any part of either of the said States, and in such
proportion to those of an inferior quality.
Men's neat leather shoes of the best common sort shall
not exceed eight shillings per pair in any part of either of
the said Slates, and other shoes in proportion, accordmg to
their (juahty.
Salted pork by the barrel, two hundred and twenty
pounds weight in each barrel, shall not in any part of the
States of Massachusetts Bay and Rhode-Island Provi-
dence Plantations exceed four pounds twelve shillings per
barrel ; in the State of Connecticut four pounds four shill-
ings per barrel, and in any part of the State of New-Hamp-
shire five pounds per barrel.
Cotton shall not exceed three shillings per pound by the
bag, and three shillings and eight pence by the single pound
in any part of either of the said States.
Good oats shall not exceed two shUlings per bushel in
any part of either of the said Slates.
Good well dressed merchantable flax, shall not exceed
one shilling per pound in any part of either of the States
of Massachusetts Bay, New-Hampshire and Rhode-Island
Providence Plantations, and shall not in any part of the
State of Connecticut exceed ten pence per pound.
Good coffee shall not exceed one shilling and four pence
by the single pound in any part of either of the said States.
Good tried tallow shall not exceed seven pence half-pen-
ny per pound in any part of either of the said States.
Good yard wide tow cloth shall not exceed two shiUings
and three pence per yard in any part of either of the said
Slates, and so in proportion according to its qualities.
Coarse linens to be computed after the rate of tow cloth,
aUowing therefor the reasonable worth.
Good yard wide striped flannels shall not exceed three
shiUings and six-pence per yard in any part of either of the
said States, and other flannels in proportion, according to
their widths and qualities, and other woolen cloths in Uke
proportion.
This committee considering that goods in general im-
ported, have of late (owing to the unbounded avarice of
some persons,) been sold by wholesale at the exorbitant
advance of five and six hundred per cent, from the prime
cost, and retailed out at the unreasonable profit of forty and
fifty per cent, or more in addition thereto, which has been
the occasion of great oppression, especially for the poor
consumer, do, to correct and rectify such exorbitances,
recommend, that notwithstanding the great risk of a
voyage to and from Europe ; the high rates of insurance ;
the difiiculty of procuring articles suitable for that market ;
the loss upon those exported ; the increased expenses and
length of voyage, and the real necessity of importing many
commodities from thence, the price of European goods
which have been, or shall be imported, as also all such
goods as have been, or shall be brought into any of the said
States in any prize vessel, shall not exceed the following
rales, which this committee is of opinion will allow but a
reasonable profit to the adventurer.
Woolen goods, coarse linens, duck, ticklenburgs and os-
naburgs, shaU not be sold by the wholesale at a higher rate
than in the proportion of two hundred and seventy-five
pounds sterling for what cost one hundred pounds sterl-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
329
ing in Europe, and not any other goods, wares or mer-
chandise imported from thence, or brought into any poJt
in the said States in any prize vessel, shall be sold at
wholesale at a higher rate than in the proportion of two
hundred and fifty pounds sterling, for what costs one
hundred pounds sterling in Europe ; except warlike and
military stores, the prices of which the committee are of
opinion need not be limited ; and the retailers of such
goods shall not sell them at a higher advance than twenty
per cent upon the wholesale price.
This committee farther recommend, that the several Le-
gislatures within the said respective States affix and ascer-
tain the price of wood, hay, pine boards, plank, joist,
hoops, shingles, charcoal, tanned leather, cotton and linen
cloths, mutton, veal and flour ; and also, the rates of cart-
ing, which can be much better done in the several States
than by this committee.
It is further recommended to the respective legislatures
aforesaid, to regulate or prohibit vendues and other public
sales in such manner as not to interefere with, but so as to
enforce the several regulations recommended as aforesaid.
It is further recommended to the above-mentioned States
to employ suitable persons in their respective States to open
any ware houses, stores or other places, where goods are
deposited, which are necessary for the use of the army and
navy and are withheld by monopolizers, engrossers or others,
and to take and apply such goods to the use aforesaid,
paying the owner thereof at the rate at which such goods
are valued in this resolution, and in case the goods so taken
are not so herein rated at, a reasonable appraisement to be
made by indifferent persons.
Further, as it is of great importance, that the mode of
carrying the resolves aforesaid into execution in the respec-
tive States, be uniform and effectual, this committee re-
commend it as necessary, that the respective States pro-
hibit the sale of any of the articles aforesaid, at any higher
price than they are above stated, under severe penalties
and forfeitures, which in the opinion of this committee
may be as follows, viz :
For any and every article or articles sold at or under the
price of twenty shillings, a penalty of twenty shillings ;
and for each and every article or articles sold at a higher
price than twenty shillings, a penalty of the price at which
they may be sold.
And that the respective States regulate the mode of re-
covering such penalties as they shall judge most agreeable
to their circumstances, and most likely to prevent the
breach of the acts they may pass in pursuance of the re-
commendations aforesaid.
And this Committee further recommend it to the above-
mentioned legislatures, to give and grant a bounty of two
shillings upon each and every bushel of good salt, made
and manufactured within any of the said States from sea
water ; said bounty to continue and be given as aforesaid
until the first day of January, 1779.
Extract from the minutes aforesaid,
CHARLES THOMSON,
Secrrj. of Congress.
N. B. The money mentioned in the foregoing extracts,
is at the rate of five shillings for a Spanish milled dollar.
[Letter to the Honourable John Hancock, President in Congress, at
Philadelphia.]
December -mh, 1776.
Sir — I am directed by the Convention, to make a fur-
ther application to Congress on the subject of clothing our
levies. The situation of this State is such, that it is im-
possible for us to get the several articles necessary for this
purpose. And after wc had procured at Philadelphia a
very considerable quantity, it was taken by the conunillce
of safety in that city and applied for the use of their own
soldiery. It gave the Convention great pleasure to learn,
about a month ago, that our sister Colony of Massachu-
setts Bay, had been able to procure materials for clothing
[Vol. II.] 83
their quota of troops, and that pleasure hath been greatly
increased by our information of the capture of clothing for
twelve thousand men by a Continental ship of war, and of
the arrival of a vessel from France with a large assortment
of clothing, on account of Congress. As there is not any
one State in America which has suffered so severely as
New-York in the present war — as there is not one whose
commercial resources have been so entirely cut off, we
submit it to Congress whether she ought not to have a par-
ticular attention in the distribution of those articles which
belong to the United States, and which by no care or in-
dustry, can be procured on her separate account. In a
word, sir, I am directed by the Convention, to assure Con-
gress that they are of opinion our regiments will be spee-
dily filled if we can get any thing to cover them, and that
without clothes they can not possibly get troops.
General Morris, who is directed to repair to Congress,
is charged with this letter, and instructed to urge for their
answer, on which the safety of this State and the success
of the common cause, greatly depend.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most obedt. and very humble servant,
By order.
To the Honourable John Hancock,
President of the General Congress.
[Letter from Daniel Grifiing.]
December, 1776.
Gentlemen — Understanding that I am neglected in the
last appointment, by not being duly represented, I would
therefore take upon myself to inform your Honours of my
proceedings and of my usage, and leave it to your wisdom
whether my usage has been agreeable to my deserts. Gen-
tlemen, I was in seven or eight campaigns the last war,
and served from a soldier to a captain of a company, which
ofl&ces I sustained to the last campaigns, and in this war I
have served two years in the same capacity, having the
command of the first company in the regiment both years,
and for every thing that I can tell, have served to accep-
tance both to officers and men. The last year I marched
with my company to Ticonderoga, being myself so unwell
that the General blamed me for exposing my life to the de-
gree that I did ; but the cause of my country lay so near
my heart that I was willing to hazard my life and fortune
in so glorious a cause. And the last spring, when I took
a company, I then was promised my rank, but no such
thing being done for me, and my inferior officers con-
stantly rising above me in rank, hath almost worn out
my patience of serving any longer ; but although I leave
the service, I can not quit the cause which I am sure is so
just and righteous. I would, therefore, gentlemen, be glad
if you would take my case into your wise consideration,
and what you in your wisdom shall think proper to bestow
upon me in my proper rank, will be gratefully received and
acknowledged by your Honours' most humble servant,
DANIEL GRIFFING.
To the Honourable Congress, atFishkill.
[Letter of Colo. Willett, recommending Christopher Hutton for en-
sign.]
Fishkill, Dec. 3lst, 1776.
Gentlemen — As the appointment of ensign in our bat-
talion is not completed, I beg leave to recommend Chris-
topher Hutton, a young man lately of the city of New-
York, who served during the last campaign in Col. Mal-
comb's battalion, a sergeant in Capt. Brasher's company,
with great credit, as I have been informed by sundry offi-
cers of said battalion. At a time when there are so large
a number looking out for appointments, I should not men-
tion any person, was I not very well acquainted with this
young man, and did I not personally know him to be of
great merit for a youth of his opportunities, and that he
has such virtue as is loo seldom to be found in our days.
330
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
His military talents, I have reason to believe fronn good
accounts, are such as promises him to be an ornament to
the army.
I am, gentlemen,
Your very humble servl.
MARINUS WILLETT.
To Mr. Robert Hahper, Chairman
of the Commillee of Arrangements.
[Letter from Jona. Pollard.]
Head-Qoarters, ?
Peekskill, December 21th, 1776. J
Sir — The General received your favour of yesterday,
and by his desire I transmit to you the names of the pri-
soners alluded to in your letter : Capt. Phincas Ford,
Ephraim Tripp, a sergeant ; Ephraim Hathaway, a ser-
geant ; James Gray, a captain ; and Peter Sears, a cor-
poral. The four last have not been examined, but accused
by their captains.
The travelling being so bad the General thinks not to
send the prisoners on till to-morrow, when he shall send
them to your care to forward them.
I am, sir, with respect.
Your humble servt.
JONA. POLLARD, A. D. C.
To the Honourable Abm. Ten Bboeck.
[Letter from Jona. Pollard, from Peekskill.]
Head-Quarters, )
Peekskill, December 2Hth, 177G. S
Sir — I yesterday, by order of General Heath, wrote to
the honourable President of your Convention, wherein I
mentioned the names of the prisoners desired to be sent to
Glocester county, and also that the four last had not passed
examination. The General further desires that they may
be examined as soon as may be, as he thinks they will ap-
pear innocent.
I now send them on to you under a guard of a sergeant
and ten men.
I am, sir, with respect.
Your humble servant,
JONA. POLLARD, A. D. C.
To WiLUAM DuEB, Esqr.
A List of officers belonging to Colo. NicoWs regiment,
who want commissions.
Capt. John Wood, has been adjutant ; Jacob Dunning,
1st lieut. has been 2d lieut. ; Israel Wells, 2d lieut.
Under Capt. John Little, who is already commissioned
— Samuel Cole, 2d lieut. ; has been commissioned below
his present rank.
Capt. Joshua Brown, has been 1st. lieut. ; Henry
Brewster, Junr. 1st lieut.
Under Capt. William Blain, who is already commis-
sioned— Thomas Sears, 1st lieut. has been 2d lieut, ;
David Rogers, 2d lieut. has been ensign.
Capt. James Smith, has been 1st lieut. ; Barnet Marlin,
2d lieut.
Under Capt. Samuel Raymond, who is already com-
missioned— Richard Langdon, 1st lieut. has been 2d
lieut.
In the company that was raised and some time com-
manded by Capt. John Wisner — Obadiah Gore, 2d lieut. ;
Stephen Howell, adjutant ; Benjamin Wallworth.
[Letter from Capt. Thomas Moffat]
Peekskill, 27th Deer. 1776.
Sir — Enclosed is a list of the officers in Colo. NicoU's
regiment, who have not received commissions for the ser-
vice of this campaign. Genl. Clinton has been several
times applied to for them, but they never came to the re-
giment yet ; what the matter has been, I can not tell, but
I suppose it slipped the General's memory. By order of
Colo. Nicoll, before he left this post, I have sent Adjutant
Howell for them, on account that the regiment will be dis-
banded in a few days, and the officers think that ihey have
been treated with neglect, that they have not received their
commissions before.
You will be good enough to lay the matter before Con-
vention if necessary, and dismiss the bearer as soon as
possible.
No news at present.
I am, with respect, sir,
Your most obedient and very humb. servt.
THOMAS MOFFAT, Maj.
John McKesson, Esqr. Secretary to the
Convention of the State of New-York, at Fishkill.
[Letter from Col. Jacobus Swartwout, at Fort Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, Deer. 26th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I now send by the bearer. Ensign Wea-
ver, two yoke of o.xen and cart, which were the property
of Mr. Frederick Van Cortland, at King's Bridge. The
oxen and cart were pressed in order to carry the baggage
of my regiment to the While Plains from Peekskill ; were
sent with medicines to Fishkill, from which place I sent
for them here to haul down timber to make rafts ; and as
they can not be of any farther service here, have thought
best to have them sent to you, gentlemen, to order with
them as you think fit. You will be good enough to direct
the bearer to whom he must deliver the cattle, and the re-
ceiver to give a receipt for them.
I am, gentlemen.
With greatest respects.
Your very humble servant,
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT, Col.
To the Convention of the State of New-York,
at Fishkill.
[Receipt given to Capt. Ford.]
Camp at Peekskill, Deer. Uih, 1776.
I, the subscriber, do acknowledge to have received of
Capt. Pliineas Ford, in full for the things that said Capt.
Ford and his men did take out of the house of Solomon
Pugsley, near the lines of the enemy, at White Plains, on
Phihps's manor. I say received in full, in behalf of Solo-
mon Pugsley and the Widow Elizabeth Pugsley.
Received per me,
STEPHEN OAKLEY.
EzEKiEL Thrall.
The above is a true copy, verbatim.
Jona. Pollard, A. D. Camp.
Camp at Peekskill, Deer. 18th, 1776.
To General Spencer :
Sir — This is to inform you that I have received
satisfaction for the things that Capt. Phineas Ford is now
under an arrest for, and four of his men under guard for.
And as I received satisfaction, so desire that the whole
may be released from their confinement.
STEPHEN OAKLEY.
The above is a true copy, verbatim.
Jona. Pollard, A. D. Camp.
[Letter from General Heath.]
Peekskill, December 2Ath, 1776.
Sir — On the 3rd instant I received a letter from the
Honourable President of the Convention of the State of
New-York, representing that complaint had been made
to the Committee of Safety, of depredations committed by
Capt. Ford and his company, and that certain resolutions
had passed in the Committee, which were to be transmitted
to His Excellency General Washington, with a request
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
that Captain Ford be delivered up, in order to answer for
ins misconduct in a course of justice ; and that, in the
meantime, I would detain Capt. Ford in custody, and to
give orders for securing such of the plundered effects as
could be found.
Detesting a spirit of plundering, and at all times deter-
mined to bring offenders to justice, I immediately ordered
Capt. Ford under arrest, and several of his men under
guard : soon after being ordered over into the Jerseys, I
have not heard any thing further of the matter until this
day, when receipts, copies of which are enclosed, were
presented to me, with a complaint that the prisoners lay
confined, and were not brought to trial.
By the receipts, it appears that the parties injured have
had reparition made them; it now remains that the offen-
ders be brought to trial for the offence. I must, therefore,
beg that you will inform me as soon as possible, whether
you desire that they should be given up to be tried by civil
law ? If not, I shall immediately order them to be tried
by court martial. A speedy determination is necessary, as
they are all artificers, and much wanted at this time ; and
such as are not guilty should return to their duty.
I am informed that a troop of horse, belonging to the
State of Connecticut, have been for some time posted at
Fishkill, and that they are not much wanted there. If it
be so, a part of them will be of great service at this place,
and should be glad that they may be ordered down ac-
cordingly.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem,
Your most hble. servt.
W. HEATH.
President of the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from General George Clinton.]
Ramapough, 27th December, 1776.
Sir — Since I wrote you yesterday Colo. Hay has been
with me, and has taken proper measures for supplying the
troops under my command in this quarter with provisions,
and I doubt not but it will be regularly done in future.
He tells me that he never had the least intimation from
Convention that such a body of men were ordered to this
quarter, and had not made any provision for them, and that
he never received my last letter, which I believe to be
true.
In- a former letter to the Honourable the Convention, I
mentioned the propriety of dismissing part of the militia,
retaining only in the service about 1,000 of them. I am
convinced unless this is done their minds will be much
soured, and the cause thereby greatly injured ; and I flat-
ter myself that number will be sufficient to guard the passes
this side the river, and protect the well disposed inha-
bitants. For though we have had frequent reports of large
bodies of the enemy coming this way by diflferent routes,
and confirmed by letters from pretended friends in the city,
and common reports and other circumstances among the
lories, I am convinced it was no more than an artful con-
trivance to retard the recruiting service, and unnecessarily
harass the country by drawing out the militia ; and this
you will find to be the case with the dreaded expedition on
your side the river.
I am, sir,
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
[Letter to General Washington.]
In Committee of Safety for the Slate of New- York, )
Fishkill, December 24th, 1776. I
Sir— We were honoured with your Excellency's favour
of the 15th instant, and most readily accept your apology
for not answering ours of last month, since we arc not ig-
norant of the straits into which our temporary instructions
have thrown you ; and have found in the difficulties which
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 331
your Excellency had to contend with, no small addition to
those under which we labour. You will see by the en-
closed resolve, that we have, agreeable to your Excellency's
request, called out a great part of our militia, besides those
that are on the west side of Hudson's river, under the com-
mand of Brigadier-General Chnton, with a few to supply
the place of the troops that are shortly to leave us. But,
sir, we can not but help observing that we do not put too
much confidence in our endeavours, for reasons that will
be explained to your Excellency by Mr. Benson, the bearer
hereof. We have had frequent intimations that the enemy
design shortly to make a push for this place, and some of
them so well founded as t6 convince us that nothing but
our being in a proper state of defence will frustrate the
design.
As the difficulties under which we labour have not
escaped your attention, we persuade ourselves that your
Excellency will contribute so far as is consistent with the
general welfare, to remove them. This we conceive can
be in no way so effectually done as by sending some of the
new raised regiments, if any are completed, to secure the
defiles in the Highlands. This we know must be regu-
lated by circumstances, of which your Excellency is the
only proper judge, and to your decision, after having barely
hinted it, we most cheerfully submit. The necessity of
the troops sent to the northward are inconceivably great,
and unless speedily supplied must render the forces we
raise entirely useless. We have directed Mr. Benson to
press the Congress to fall upon some means of furnishing
us out of the stores they have purchased in the eastern
States. Perhaps our requests, if backed by your Excel-
lency's recommendation, would be more speedily complied
with.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
By order.
ABM. TEN BROECK, President.
His Excellency General Washington.
[Letter from Isaac NicoU, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, 12th Deer. 1776.
Sir — I received two letters to-day from Convention ;
one for General Heath, and one for General McDougall,
which I have sent forward to them, they having both passed
to the west side of the river, together with the principal
part of troops under their command, except three regi-
ments of General George Clinton's, so that we have but
a very few men at this station. General Heath left the
command with me until he returns, which expect will be
in a few days. No news material. I am, in haste,
Your most obedient humble servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Jonth. Trumbull, at Lebanon.]
Lebanon, Deer. 12th, 1776.
Sir — We received yours of the 8th instant, by express,
last evening, acquainting us with the critical situation of
our army at the westward, the advantages which might
arise by reinforcing Generals Lee and Gates in the Jer-
seys, your efforts on this occasion, and the necessity of
further and speedy aid from this and the other New-Eng-
land States, &c. We are of opinion with you, that the
enemy's fleet sailing up the Sound, is designed, to draw
off our attention from our western army, and to prevent
our throwing in our force that way ; and it is impossible
to prevent its effect in some measure, that fleet consisting
of eight or ten capital ships of war, and eighty or ninety
transports, first came to anchor off New-i^ondon, which
gave us the alarm, and obliged us to rally our militia, and
send them forward to that place. The fleet, after a day
or two, came to sail and steered their course for Newport
and with their land forces to the amount of five, and some
332
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
say, eight thousand, took possession of that island, part
of the fleet pushing up tlie bay towards Providence.
This gave a most sensible alarm to Providence : a consi-
derable part of the Continental fleet, with the two new fri-
gates, a large number of privateer and prize ships being
in that port, the town full of the wealth of the enemy,
which had been taken from them, whereby their appre-
hensions were greatly raised, that the design of the enemy
was to attack that place. We were immediately earn-
estly called upon for aid, as were the Massachusetts, who
have several valuable towns lying on the eastern side of
that bay. But we learn that the Massachusetts are draft-
ing every fourth man to send westward to supply the defi-
ciency of their proportion in the new army. We have or-
dered and are raising four battalions for the same purpose,
and have directed their march in parties as they are raised,
as soon as twenty are enlisted in a company. We are in
great hopes, so many of the troops raising in this and the
Massachusetts States, will soon arrive, as to be a guard
and check against the enemy on the eastern part of Hud-
son's river ; and should hope some part of Genl. Heath's
division might be sent forward to reinforce Genls, Lee and
Gates, but that must submit. We immediately sent off an
express with a copy of yours to the Massachusetts ; hope
the advanced season will soon put a stop to the further
progress of the enemy. Thank you for your kind offer of
assistance in purchasing or forwarding provisions ; shall
give notice when there is occasion.
I am, with great truth and regard, sir.
Your obt. hble. servt.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
President Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Hendrick Wyckoff.]
FUhkill, Deer. 12th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Being appointed some time ago to act as
commissary for the New-Hampshire troops and artificers,
the Hampshire troops being now discharged ; and where-
as a number of troops have arrived here, two days past,
some of them artificers, the best chiefly invalids, out of
different brigades, and out of different regiments and com-
panies, as their returns will shew, which I will produce
whenever required. These troops are all applying to me
for provisions, and would willingly act safe. Thought
proper to petition to your Honble. House to know whether
I must supply them all at the usual rations, and if they
must be supplied here, how I shall get some salt for them
to season their provision with, understanding the salt at
Mr. Weeks's will not be more than enough for the artifi-
cers.
Begging farther to know whether it will be your plea-
sure to continue me longer in this business, the reason
why, because that if I am certain to continue any longer,
it would be high time for me to buy up a number of fat
cattle, which if I do now neglect, almost all the cattle
among us will be engaged, so that I shall then be at a
nonplus for beef. And lastly, I must beg leave to ac-
quaint your Honble. House, that whereas I have not as yet
drawn any cash from Convention, and have expended all
my ready money which I had with me, am now out of
cash ; have applied to Major Schenck, who tells me that
he can not pay out any of the money he has in hand to me,
unless it be by an order from your Honble. House. Must
therefore beg of your Honble. House, if I am continued,
for an order to draw some money. In hearing your hum-
ble petitioner's request, will greatly oblige and ever be ac-
knowledged, by your most humble and obedient servant,
HENDK. WYCKOFF.
To the Honble. Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from Saml. Tuder.]
Poughkeepsie, December 12th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your resolve of 5lh instant, also yours of I
yesterday by Mr. Degrushe, we have this moment receiv-
ed and note the contents. We shall use our best endea-
vours to get the cannon and other necessary stores. A»
lo the cables and anchors ordered to General Clinton, we
would acquaint you that in a few hours after we received
your orders, we put on board a sloop four anchors and two
cables, which was all we had on board the ships that would
answer, and the reason they are not down is, that Mr. Li-
vingston thought it best for the sloop to go down with a raft
of timber for the docks which were then ready, by which
we imagine the sloop must be detained. We should have
sent the other two cables, which we must have taken from
the privateer sloops, but could not then be spared, as they
were going up to Esopus with the ships, and it would not
do to leave them at single anchor. As soon as our sloop
returns, (which is all the boat we have,) we shall send the
other two cables down. The ship Congress got into Eso-
pus creek yesterday, and we have reason to think the ship
General Montgomery has got in this day, as the tide has
been much higher to-day than it has been for some time
past.
I am, gentlemen.
Your very hble. servt.
SAML. TUDER.
To the Honourable Pierre Van CoRTtANox,
President of the Convention of the State of New-York,
[Major Ledyard's recommendation of Theodosius Fowler for a 1st
Lieutenant]
FUhkill, December 12lh, 1776.
Gentn. — I take the liberty to recommend Lieut. Theo-
dosius Fowler to your notice for an appointment in the new
arrangement, having served a twelve months' campaign with
him in late Colonel McDougall's regiment. I know his
merit as a good, active officer, and a sincere friend to his
country, standing firm against all the persuasions of his
father and unfriendly relations. Capt. Walker I under-
stand wants a first lieutenant, who would be well suited
with Mr. Fowler.
I have the honour to be, gent.
Your most obt. servant,
BENJ. LEDYARD,
Major of the 4th N. Y. Regt.
To the Committee of Arrangement
for the State of New- Fork.
PeekskUl, Dec. 18th, 1776.
Sir — The day before yesterday a schooner came up the
river with a flag, having on board the Rev. Inglis
and one Mr. Moor, who have come up to solicit their fami-
lies. I have given orders for the vessel to stop at Ver-
planck's Point, the flag to be treated with the utmost po-
liteness and respect, and at the same time with as great
precaution. I informed the gentlemen that they were not
to proceed either by land or water to Fishkill, but that
if they had letters to send they should be carefully convey-
ed to the Honble. Convention. I have accordingly sent
forward a number.
For my own part I think the present to be a time so
critical, that should I permit any persons to advance further
than to such place as may be convenient to treat with
them, or to consent to any going into the enemy would be
acting entirely beside my duty. The arts and sti-atagems
of our enemies are many ; it behooves us ever to be on our
guard. The French maxim la mefiance est la mere de la
surete, which your honour knows in English is, distrust is
the mother of security, is worthy of our attention.
The last evening I received orders from His Excellency
General Washington to cross the North river with the
Continental troops under my command, to wit. Parson's
brigade ; they will pass the river this day. My orders are
to " move on so as to give all possible protection to the
country and vigour to the cause."
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
333
In consequence of my moving from this place and
taking so many troops with me, the passes both on this
and the other side of the river will be but weakly manned.
However, I hope my stay on the other side of the river
will be but short. Should I go any distance beyond the
river, General James Clinton will command here, unless
General Spencer should move up.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem.
Your most obedient and very hble. servt.
W. HEATH.
To Hon. PiEKRE Van Cortlandt, Esq.
[Letter from Henry Wisner.]
Goshen, 30th November, 1776.
Sir — When I got near home I found that several of my
neighbours had collected a drove of cattle together, amount-
ing to some more than 450, which they had sold for the
use of the American army, and are to drive them to some
place in Jersey, there to be salted for the use of the
flying camp. And as it is so uncertain where our enemy
will stop, or where the beef may be kept safe in New-
Jersey, I have taken the liberty to suggest to you whether
it would not be best to have them killed and salted in some
proper places on this side the Highlands.
I have also made bold to advise that they be not drove
any further till I may hear from you on the subject. I am
informed the British troops were near Newark day before
yesterday. If you should be of my opinion, you had best
to send immediately. Write to Stephen Gilberd who will
be with the drove at Gerrit Miller's in Smith's clove.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble servant,
HENRY WISNER.
To Pierre Cortland and William Duer, Esqrs.
[Letter from Wm. Miller.]
Harrison's Precinct, November 28th, 1776.
Gentlemen — As you verbally ordered me to get the re-
cords of this our county, and them secure in some safe
place, I found at my return that John Thomas, Junr.
Esq. had been so thoughtful of the security of the county,
as to apply to General Wister for a guard and go down to
New-Rochel and take the records in his care and give his
receipt. Now, gentlemen, the records are at Mr. Thomas's
and at his risk, as he had no order ; he as well as I desire
some written order may be sent from your Body respecting
the said records, and you may depend it will be complied
with.
A matter has lately turned up which I am a stranger to,
and desire your advice, which is in what manner an execu-
tor is to be qualified to take an estate into his own hands
and dispose of it, as there is no court of probates in this
State ; and as I have been appointed an executor to an
estate which has much need of settling, would desire your
directions as soon as conveniently you could give it, and
in so doing you will do justice to the estate and greatly
oblige, gentlemen,
Your very humble servant,
WM. MILLER.
To Colo. PiKRRE V. Cortlandt, Presi-
dent of the Convention of the State of
New-York.
[Letter from Jno. Morin Scott at Haverstraw.]
Camp at Haverstraw, Novr. 30th, 1776.
Sir — Since I had the honour of writing to you last, I
have had a return of those in my brigade willing to conti-
nue a month in the service — their number too trilling to be
mentioned. Having, however, received last niglit an ex-
tract, (a copy of which is enclosed,) from a letter from
Head-Quarters to General Heath, I put it in brigade orders
this day, with some arguments for a compliance, whicii I
fear will prove ineffectual, as I am informed Lieut. Colo.
[Vol. II.] 84
Hardenbergh and some of his men are already gone off,
and many others of the brigade are in a state of motion.
I have also taken care to put out in order what I thought
necessary for securing the supplies furnished to my brig-
ades by the State. I hope the colonels will attend to
them. I expect to be at Fishkill on Monday night, for I
am sure that nothing less than an Almighty Power will
hold my brigade. I have this day wrote to General Wa-
shington an account of the steps taken by the Convention
and myself to detain the brigade a little longer in the ser-
vice. This I thought necessary for the justification of
both. I am told with certainty that two brigades from the
other side are to cross immediately. I therefore most sin-
cerely regret the obstinacy of my soldiers. A body of 4
or 5,000 men to fall on the enemy's rear, would probably,
while General Washington, who is confidently reported to
be 15,000 strong, might engage them in the front, do sig-
nal service, especially if the following account be true,
which I had from a Major Clark, who had a command of
a party to cover the removal of the stores from Tapan,
which is completed, and he now on his way to join Genl.
Washington's army. It is safe for him in his march to
take a detour. He is now on it. His letter to me is dated
yesterday, at New City, at the Court-Hoiise. He says,
" Two persons who made their escape from the enemy
yesterday, one of whom was taken at Fort Washington,
the other at Fort Lee, bring certain intelligence that up-
wards of 10,000 of the enemy embarked under the com-
mand of General Clinton, last Sunday, on board their
transports, and sailed — the place of their destination not
known — said to be Carolina or Rhode-Island, (query, if
not to Capes of Delaware.) 7,000 remain at Hackensack
and Fort Lee, under command of Lord Cornwallis, who is
ordered to England immediately — Dunmore already gone.
General Howe remains at present in New- York. A great
number of the enemy were killed at Fort Washington —
chiefly Hessians. Doctor Pell confirms this, who came to
my quarters yesterday from Fort Lee."
The embarkation we have had an account of from diffe-
rent quarters, I begin now to credit. I am well informed that
the enemy are moved so far down that Hackensack is
guarded by tories, of which this country is full, whose in-
solence I would have undertaken to correct had I been able
to continue in the service.
If I should collect any further intelligence, I shall, I
suppose, be the bearer of it in person.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Yours and the Convention's,
Most obedt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
To the Honourable Chairman
of the Committee of Safety of
the State of New-York.
Extract referred to — Letter dated 27th inst.
" His Excellency requests that you will mention to Ge-
neral Scott the expediency of his brigade continuing in
service with you, (meaning Genl. Heath,) for 15 or 20
days more than they engaged for. The importance of the
measure will be obvious to General Scott, and His Excel-
lency is well assured that his exertions will be employed
to influence his troops to stay. Many advantages will be
derived from it. On the other hand, their departure at
this time, when the weather is so favourable to the ene-
my's plans, may be attended with sundry bad and alarming
consequences."
[Letter from Ebenezer Lockwood.]
Pound Ridge, Novr. 29th, 1776.
Sir — These are to inform that J have been at Stanford
this day, and was informed by several gentlemen that might
be depended on, that there is but a few of the enemy's
ships up the Sound, and they but small ones — thought to
have no troops on board of them ; and tlicy think the ene-
334
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
my will not land there this year, except it be to plunder j
off some of their stock that may be down on their necks
of land. There was landed from a brig and tender this
day a number of men at Greenwich, a place about two
miles below the post road near Stanford, where (as was
supposed) they thought to have taken off a number of
sheep, but they were disappointed, for some boys drove
them off while the inhabitants fired on the enemy. The
enemy soon returned to their ships. The enemy got off
only four poor calves under the cover of their cannon — a
poor bargain. The ships soon went up the Sound to the
east, out of sight. The men, both old and young, came
down in large numbers, when they heard the cannon, and
from several miles back, and seemed to be in high spirits.
So on the whole I think things appear more favourable
than I expected in this part. Mr. Mills is to set out to
come to you on Monday next. I hope to be with you
about the middle of next week.
From your humble servant,
EBENR. LOCKWOOD.
To Pierre V. Cortlandt, Vice-President
of the Convention of the State of New-
York, at the Fishkills.
[Letter from Isaac NicolL]
Peekskill, Deer. Ut, 177G.
Sir — I have just learned, from good authority, that there
is a considerable quantity of goods and household furni-
ture in stores near Orange Town, belonging to Colonel
Wm. Bayard and sundry other disaffected persons, who
are now actually with the enemy. There is to a conside-
rable amount, in and about the camp, of goods — two
horses, one yoke of oxen and cart, belonging to Joshua
Barns ; which goods were taken going to the enemy. If
I could have proper authority, I could have them secured
for the good of the State.
From your sincere friend and humble servant.
ISAAC NICOLL.
Pierre Van Coktlandt, Esqr. at Fishkill.
[Letter from John Bard, at Hyde Park.]
Hyde Park, December 1, 1776.
Sir — As teams appear at present much wanted at the
Fishkills, I have taken the liberty to offer mine for the
public service for a week, which I beg may be at my pri-
vate expense.
By the same opportunity, I have sent a small present of
cider and fruit, which I beg the Convention will accept as
a peppercorn acknowledgment of my respect.
I am, sir,
Your most obedient humble servt.
JOHN BARD.
Col. Pierre Van Cortlandt, Vice-President
of the Honourable Convention of the State
of New- York.
[Letter from Benjamin Birdsall, at New-Haven.]
New-Haven, November 25th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I think myself bound in duty to let you
know the several transactions past, and the present un-
happy situation I am now labouring under in the unnatural
contest between Great Britain and America. In the first
of the disputes, for a just cause, I took the part of Ame-
rica, and continued it for a long time, through many dan-
gerous and difficult contests, against my friends, relations
and almost all sects and ranks of denominations, in par-
ticular in my own county. I was appointed one of the
county committee, and from that a lieutenant-colonel in
the second battalion in our county ; and while in the ser-
vice of the committee, it took me almost all my time in
service with the committee and attending the different
companies, with many adjournments to choose their offi-
cers for the militia, f being appointed as a sub-commitlee
for that purpose, and continued it until the whole districts
were divided and the officers chosen ; and was, by the
request of the inhabitants, 8 or 10 days with a petition
from the inhabitants to the Convention at the White
Plains, concerning the removing the stock from the island.
In all which time I bore my own expenses and received
nothing for any of the service. And as for the service of
a colonel — myself and two more officers were appointed
and ordered by the county committee to secure all the
boats on the south side from Rockaway to Huntinglown
line, which is 18 miles distance ; 7 miles distance I col-
lected all the boats together and secured them by a sentry,
106 in number; and if the other 11 miles distance had
been as well secured, by collecting the boats together and
a guard kept over them, it would have cut off the commu-
nication between our south and the man of war, and saved
100 and odd hay boats that the tories carried off to the
Ministerial fleet and sold them for their service. Well,
when the quarter draft from the miliiia upon Long island
was made out, Suffolk county had the commanding officer
of the regiment. Colonel Smith, in his full rank with full
p^. Now, if I know any thing about the arrangement of
officers, the next in command ought to have been a lieu-
tenant-colonel out of one of the 3 regiments of Kings
county, or the 1st or 2d in Queens ; but the 1st, Colonel
John Sands, was appointed, and must take the rank and
pay of lieutenant-colonel, and the 2d major of Colonel
Rampson's regiment, in his full rank and pay, and Benja-
min Birdsall, a lieutenant-colonel, to take rank and pay
with the captains, under command of a 2d major. The
arrangement of the officers in Colonel Smith's regiment
appears to me as remarkable almost as the conduct was
bad in the field officers in breaking up the regiment in
the manner which they did. This appointment of Colonel
Smith's regiment was noticed by some certain field officers
who had been up to Hampstead, and being acquainted
with me, I was fixed upon, some few days before the
King's troops landed upon Long island, to go through
with a number of men on the south side from Rockaway
to Huntingtown, 18 miles distance, to destroy or secure
all the boats and bring in all the fat cattle in the lines to
General Greene, and after, in his absence, General Sulli-
van ; which I executed without favour or affection, (and
among my neighbours and relations,) until the King's
troops landed upon Long island ; and then I was obliged
to press 6 wagons and 12 horses, among my nearest neigh-
bours, to carry down the baggage of about 200 of our
troops, who were sent for by express by General Sul-
livan to march within the lines ; and as soon as we got
within the lines, I was sent by General Sullivan im-
mediately up about 30 miles, with a small party of
men, after 70 odd fat cattle that we had left collected to-
gether ; I went, and brought the cattle in safe round the
north side of the island, Monday night, and Tuesday
morning, before day, the engagement began, when I took
my post upon the lines, and continued till Thursday after-
noon ; and Friday morning, sun about an hour high, by
General Putnam's orders, I went over to Long island with
6 boats, to fetch a number of horses and other things,
until the regulars came down, fired four shot upon 2 of the
boats, a little behind ; and from that I brought up the rear
of Colonel Smith's regiment, (sick men from New- York,
without money,) who would have been left had it not been
for me ; which I hope may be made manifest in your pre-
sence, the 3 field officers and myself face to face before
you, which may right many other transactions that ought
not to be left in darkness. I am now joined in Colonel
Livingston's regiment, where are about 68 of Colonel
Smith's men. I have left a wife and 6 children upon
Long island, and all I have is under the command of the
King's troops ; it is not in my power to reheve them. I
set out, with heart and hand, to risk my life in defence of
our cause, and am still willing to do it ; the continuance
of the war is promising so fair, that I will now offer my-
self at your service, to engage in it so long as the war may
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
continue ; place me in my rank, give me a chance to exe-
cute my conduct, and I doubt not but it may be said, there
is one man upon Long island, and in Queens county, has
taken up the cause of his country from the first, and has
continued in it firm and steadfast to the last, for the sup-
port and protection of his family and to the honour and
welfare of his country. I have taken up considerable
time, though with pleasure ; I can not satisfy myself in
letting you know enough. I have this to consider — I am
here upon the main shore, and at present at a loss ; am I
under pay that will support me, or am 1 not ? If I am
not under pay, it is time for me to look out ; well, I must
go to work to provide my victuals and clothes ; well, I
shall labour discontented ; work every day for low wages;
my family is near to me ; I am afraid they fare bad ; a
wife and children are hard to part with ; well, I attempt to
go to see them ; I am taken up, confined and perhaps sent
away or massacred ; well, what station of life am I in ? if
I am engaged in the cause, my mind is fixed ; 1 know
what I have to do, and I know my subsistence ; I am con-
tent ; my mind is bent to promote the cause wherein I am
engaged. But if a man's income is extraordinary high,
or too low to moderately maintain him, it will too much
draw his mind and attention from the business he is en-
gaged in.
I have wrote a long translation, which I make bold
should come to your knowledge. I write but seldom ; ex-
cuse me if I have in any part occasioned any insult upon
your Honours ; it is not what I mean to do ; but you are
the guardians of our rights, and to you, and you alone, I
have to make my address. I wish you well, and that a
perfect union amongst you may be and continue to the
honour and welfare of America, and that you may ap-
point such men in our State, to lead and command, who
will ever dispute and defend the American ground, inch
by inch, over and over again, until a final defensive war
may end, and remain to us all well, and for evermore con-
tinue.'
From your humble servant,
BENJAMIN BIRDSALL.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from Henry Quackenboss, covering invoice of goods purchased
for the State.]
jllbany, November 21th, 1776.
Sir — In consequence of a resolution of the Committee
of Safety for the State of New-York, bearing date the 9th
of October last, I have purchased sundry goods, agreeable
to the enclosed bill of parcels, and shall be glad if you
will favour me with amount. Your order respecting the
delivery of said goods shall be punctually observed,
By your humble servant,
HENRY QUACKENBOSS.
Honourable President of the Convention
for the State of New- York.
Albany, November 19th, 1776.
The State of New- York,
To HENRY QUACKENBOSS, Dr.
£ s. d.
To sundry goods bought of Howe & Porter, as per bill, 507 4 11
To my commissions at 5 per cent, 25 7 1
£532 12 0
Mr. HENRY QUACKENBOSS,
Bought of Howe & Porter.
£ s. <l.
148 pair mittens, at 2s. 19 14 8
26 pair men's hose, at 8s 10 8 0
46 yards linsey woolsey, at Cs 13 16 0
11 pieces waid woollen, 414} yards, at 8s. per yard, .... 165 18 0
6 pieces while frieze, 120 yards, at 7s. per yard, 42 00 0
176 check shirts, at 21s. 6d 188 2 6
Carried forward, je439 19 2
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &cc. 335
Brought forward, £439 19 2
7 pices dark cloth, 143i yards, at lis. per yard, 78 15 9
15 pair gloves, at 3s. 4(i 2 10 0
£521 4 11
Deduct 2 pieces white frieze, 40 yards, at 7s. per yard, 14 0 0
£570 4 11
Albany, November 18th, 1776.
Contents received.
HOWE & PORTER.
[Memorial of John Hathorn.]
Goshen, December 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen — The memorial of John Hathorn, of the
county of Orange, humbly sheweth : That your memo-
rialist had a small quantity of salt in Mr. William Ellison's
store at New-Windsor ; that there was not more than he
had engaged to his neighbours, and was obliged to keep
for his own use ; that a large number of men, whose names
your memorialist can discover, without any legal authority,
as he conceives, have taken out of said store, as well the
salt of your memorialist, (except one bushel,) as of other
persons, and that your memorialist is in the greatest want
of salt for his own use ; that unless a check is put to such,
unjustifiable proceedings, your memorialist, apprehending
from the seemingly disorderly spirit at present prevailing
among the common people, his property, as well as those
of others, will be very insecure. He therefore humbly
prays that this Honourable House would be pleased to
take the premises into consideration, and grant such relief
as to them shall seem meet. And your memorialist shall
ever pray.
I am, with the greatest esteem.
Gentlemen, your humble servant,
JOHN HATHORN.
The Honourahle Committee of Safety
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Elmendorf.]
Kingston, 3d December, 1776.
Sir — I am happy to hear that the Convention entertains
such an opinion of my fidelity to our common cause, as to
empower me in procuring requisites in order to make our
common defence, but am sorry to inform you, that at this
present time I can not accept of performing that trust re-
posed in me, for reason of such daily depredations and
plunder of private property at my house. You are sensi-
ble when such outrages are committed, in having your
doors splintered, forced, &c. it is requisite for an honest
man, and a lover of his country's rights, to alleviate the
distress of my good family (as they may be called by the
world) with my presence.
Nothing grieves me more than daily to observe, and be
an eye witness to such confusion and turbulent dispositions
of the people.
I should willingly embrace an opportunity for the servi-
ces of my country at any other time ; so, with reluctance,
must decline, and refer you to some other person for the
completion of the trust I was honoured with.
I am, with the greatest esteem and regard.
For the welfare of the public in general.
Your most obedt. humb. servt.
JNO. ELMENDORF.
[Letter from General Heath.]
Peekskill, December 3rd, 1776.
Sir — Your favours of the 27th and 28lh of November,
are before me. I should have sooner acknowledged the re-
ceipt of them, had not a multiplicity of pressing avocations
prevented.
It gives me the highest satisfaction, to find my endea-
vours to serve the public cause meet with the approbation
of so respectable a body as the Honourable the Conven-
tion of the State of New-York.
336
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
I have the pleasure also to acquaint you, that by a letter
received from His Excellency General Washington, dated
at Brunswick the 29lh of November, His Excellency is
pleased to express his approbation of my offers of assis-
tance, in obstructing the passage of the North river, as it
is an object of so much consideration that too much atten-
tion can not be paid to it.
I am sorry to find that a number of soldiers, both sick
and well, have obtruded themselves upon you, and thank
you for the kind assistance which has been afforded to
them. They were not of my division, but having come
within the limits of my command, I immediately gave
orders for those who were fit for duty to join their regi-
ment, and that a surgeon of the hospital should attend the
sick ; and I am surprised this evening to find that the lat-
ter has been neglected. 1 have this evening directed Dr.
McNight to repair to Fishkill to-morrow. He has promis-
ed that he will attend with medicines, &c.
I yesterday ordered to Fort Montgomery a quantity of
sheet iron, which is to be forwarded to the Forest of Dean,
in order to complete the stoves for the use of the northern
army.
I shall pay a particular attention to the posts and passes
on the west side of Hudson's liver, which he within the
limits of my command, and shall order over, from time to
time, such reinforcements as our strength will admit of, or
the exigencies of affairs require. At present, as General
Lee is passing that way with a very respectable body of
troops, any reinforcement of our posts there is unneces-
sary.
I thank the Honourable Convention for the measures
which they have taken, to afford speedy aid, in case occa-
sion should require it, on the west side of Hudson's river,
by holding the militia of Orange and Ulster counties in
readiness to march at a moment's notice.
A hospital for the reception of the sick of my depart-
ment is extremely wanted. Doctor McKnight, who is my
principal surgeon, acquaints me that the academy at Fish-
kills is well calculated for that purpose, and has been re-
commended to him by some gentlemen of the Committee.
If it is unimproved, and it should be agreeable to the Ho-
nourable Convention that it should be used as an hospital,
it will benefit the public. If it should appear disagreeable,
a house must be somewhere or another built or fitted up.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem.
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
W. HEATH.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt.
LTwo letters from General Schuyler.]
jilbany, December 16th, 1776.
Sir — Your letter of the 10th instant, I was honoured with
on the 14th. I am happy to find that in all probability the
rapid progress the enemy lately made, has been checked.
If they are not more numerous than report makes them,
I hope General Washington will be enabled to make them
retreat in turn.
I have given orders to have the resolution respecting the
Tryon county rangers put into execution.
As no clothing has been sent hither for the recruits of
this State, I have ordered them to be furnished out of the
Continental stores, upon an appraisment, that the difference
between what they may receive and what they are allowed
may be accounted for, which way soever it may be ; but
we have unfortunately not a blanket, nor can any be pro-
cured in this quarter, and without a supply, I shall not be
able to send the troops to relieve part of the garrison of
Tyconderoga. The Committee will therefore please with-
out delay, to send up blankets or some sufficient substi-
tute.
Every account I receive from Tyconderoga, confirms
me in the belief that not a man will remain there beyond
the term of their enlistment.
Col. Frey has applied to me to mention his case to Con-
vention, It was last winter delivered to me by the Com-
mittee of Tryon county, as one, amongst others, to be sent
down the country. Several gentlemen of Schenectady in-
terceded and became responsible for his conduct, on which
I suffered him to remain at home. Some time in the sum-
mer, either the committee of Tryon county or of Albany,
sent him to Hartford, from whence he returned on his pa-
rol, and as the gentlemen who became his security are wil-
ling to continue so, he applied to me for leave to remain,
but never interfering with what the civil have done, I could
only answer, that so far as he was my prisoner, I was con-
tented with the security he had given me. He will advise
you of the reasons the committee of Tryon county assign
for refusing to let him remain at home,
I am, sir, with respect.
Your most obedt. humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Matthewt Cantine Esq. Chairman of the Committee
of Safety of New- York.
Saratoga, Nov. \9lh, 1776.
Sir — I am honoured with your favor of the 8th instant,
and am greatly obliged by the measures taken to furnish
the stores. Should no sheet iron be sent to Mr. Patrick
in consequence of your application to the commanding
officer at Peekskili, I wish him to be directed to make the
door hinges and latch, as I can have them completed here,
expecting a sufficiency of sheet iron from New Jersey, both
for that and for the pipes.
I am just advised that Col. Wigglesworth who went
with a flag to General Carlton is returned, and he brings
assurances that the enemy are retired into winter quarters.
We are doing the same.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient humble servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq.
Vice President, &c.
[Letter from Jonathan Trumbull, Esq.]
Lebanon, Dec. 12th, 1776.
Gentlemen — In consequence of your application for
that purpose, I encouraged the committees in the seaport
towns within this State, to give all possible assistance in
the time of it, to the good people on Long i.sland, in the re-
movaFof their families and effects here for a shelter from the
enemy. That in pursuance hereof, as well as from other
laudable motives, and a concern for their suffering breth-
ren in your State, the committees exerted themselves
much in their favor, and at considerable expense. An ac-
count of what was done from the port of New-London, now
enclose you, in order for your allowance and reimburse-
ment. Among the particular undertakers employed by
the committee who have signed the account, and are gen-
tlemen of character, you will find a certain John Field, the
bearer of this, amount of his bill being £44. 5s. lawful
money. As he is a native of New-Jersey, and in want of
his pay, have referred him to your board for satisfaction ;
the rest of the undertakers here, being generally in want of
their dues, you will please point out in what method, and
when they may apply. The other bills of expense in the
same service, in other parts, will be forwarded you, and
have no doubt of your proper attention to the whole ; have
also enclosed you a second account of John Vails, come to
hand since the first, for the same service.
I am, with great truth and regard, sir.
Your obedient humble servant.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
President Pierre Van Cortlandt.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
337
[Letter from Wm. Duer, Esq. to General Gates.]
Dolson's Tavern, 10 o'clock, P. M. Dec. 9, 1776.
Sir — Since the resolutions, which are referred to and
enclosed in the above letter, were agreed to, General Clin-
ton and myself were requested by the committee to proceed
to Goshen, where we understood you were expected this
evening, in order to know the route the troops under your
command propose taking, and confer with you on other
matters, which are the object of these resolutions.
I am sorry we are not fortunate enough to meet with
you ; but from the inteUigence we have received from your
aid-de-camp, Major Pierce, and from the route General
Lee has taken through Camp Town, we find that the in-
tention of both your armies is to join General Washington,
and not to form a separate army in order to fall on the ene-
my's rear.
In compliance, therefore, with his orders. General Clin-
ton will be under the necessity of confining himself to the
object specified in the resolution marked No. 7, unless he
should learn from General Lee or yourself, that your inten-
tions are to form another army in the rear of the enemy.
For this purpose he desires me to inform you, that he
will immediately order his troops to rendezvous at the
place called the City, near Kakiate, in Orange county, at
the parting of the roads which leads to Tappan and Pyra-
mus, where he will be ready to obey your orders as far as
they are consistent with the objects of the enclosed resolu-
tions. The force he will have with him will consist of
about 1500 men.
Bv the latest accounts, we hear that General Washing-
ton is daily receiving strong reinforcements from the militia
of Jersey and Pennsylvania, in consequence of which he
may probably be induced to form an army for the purpose
of hemming in the enemy in rear, were he made acquaint-
ed with the measures pursued by the Convention of the
State of New-York. I have therefore to request the favour
to have copies of the Committee's letters to you of the en-
closed resolutions, transmitted immediately by express to
His Excellency General Washington, and to Major-General
Lee, in order that they may pursue such measures as they
may judge best calculated for the general good.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your obt. humble servant,
WM. DUER.
Major-General Gates.
[Letter from Wm. B. Alger, at Fort Montgomery.]
Fort Montgomery, October, 1776.
Gentlemen — Captain Dennis was speaking to me con-
cerning raising a company of marines, to enter on board the
ship Montgomery, for her safety this winter. I make no
doubt but he has acquainted the Convention of the same.
I had some encouragement that I should have the birth, as
our regiment will soon be disbanded, and our men will be
idle. By what small encouragement I have had from Cap-
tain Dennis, I have engaged a company of very fine young
men, a great part of them sailors and artillery men, who
will go through all hardships with me. If you see cause to
appoint me in that station, and send me the rate that they
must engage under, I shall engage them instantly, as they
wait for nothing else. Gentlemen, your compliance to this
petition will very much oblige
Your humble servant,
WILLIAM B. ALGER, Lieut.
To Capt. Platt, or either member of
Congress at Fishkill.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton at Camp near White Plains.]
Camp near While Plains, October 31, 1776.
Dear Sir — We are exactly in the same situation in
which we were when I wrote you yesterday. Tlio enemy
seem still to be endeavouring to outflank us, especially our
right wing. Our advanced guards, I hear, arc a litile south
[Vol. II.] 85
of Young's Tavern, on the road leading to White Plains.
Where the main body is, I can not say, as I am so closely
confined to my post on the left of the whole as not to have
been a quarter of a mile west from this for four days past.
Near 3000 of the enemy yesterday and the evening before,
filed off to the left and were seen advancing towards Kings
street and the purchase road, from which it appears they
intend to outflank our left as well as right wing. We had
reason to apprehend an attack last night, or by day-break
this morning, (as was said, what they were I know not.)
Our lines were manned all night in consequence of this,
and a most horrid night it was to lie in cold trenches. Un-
covered as we are, drawn on fatigue, making redoubts,
flashes, abatlis and lines, and retreating from them and the
little temporary huts made for our comfort before they were
well finished, I fear will ultimately destroy our army with-
out fighting. This I am sure of, that I am likely to lose
more in my brigade by sickness occasioned by extra fa-
tigue and want of covering, than in the course of an active
campaign is ordinarily lost in the most severe actions.
However, I would not be understood to condemn measures;
they may be right for aught I know. I do not understand
much of the refined art of war. It is said to consist of
stratagem and deception. This, nevertheless, is too obvi-
ous, the enemy are daily increasing their army by new re-
cruits in those parts of the country which they have already
acquired, whilst ours are daily decreasing by sickness,
deaths and desertions : Add to this, one month more dis-
bands a very considerable part of our army. How a new
one will be recruited, God only knows. This I know, many
are disgusted with the service ; those v/ill not re-enter,
and what is worse, will prevent others by representing, on
their return home, the hardships they have endured. So
much for military politics. I write this in confidence : if
what I have said be true, and the evils which I fear pre-
vented in any degree by the Honourable Body in which you
sit, it is devoutly to be wished.
When I wrote you a few days ago, I mentioned the
situation in which Fort Washington was, and that three
of the enemy's shipping had come up with design to obstruct
Beaurdelt's ferry, and were, after a heavy cannonade, dri-
ven back. This was the truth, but not the whole truth. I
happened to be out of the way of news that day. Those
ships came up, it seems, to enfilade our lines below that
fort, whilst Lord Piercy attacked them, which he did three
diff'erent times, but was as often repulsed by the garrison
of Fort Washington, who manned and defended them like
heroes. The particulars I have not yet been happy enough
to hear more fully.
Last night Captain Townsend, with a detachment of my
brigade consisting of about thirty, brought in prisoner a
certain Mr. Wetworth, late of Boston, and now a commis-
sary in the regular service, which they took prisoner near
Rye. I have only time to add, that I am with usual health,
though in no better lodging than a soldier's tent, with our
old friend General Scott.
Your most affectionate humble servant,
GEO. CLINTON.
Since writing the above, I am favoured with yours of the
29th. I find you have not received my two last as yet ;
the first of which I must beg you will answer, and attend
to the prisoners brought in by my boys since writing the
above.
To John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from Augustin Lawrence and Samuel Tuder.]
Poughkeepsie, October 31, 1776.
Gentlemen — Enclosed we send you an extract from a
letter we have just received from the marine committee at
Piiiladclphia. You will sec by it we are referred to your
Honourable House for directions and advice respecting the
launching and securing of the frigates and their stores,
which we desire to have as soon as possible. As unless
338
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
you direct lo the contrary, we shall launch the ship Mont-
gomery on Monday, and the other as soon as possible af-
terwards. The custom of giving the carpenters a treat at
launching, we suppose you would not mean to break
through. The master carpenters judge 100 dollars for each
ship on that occasion will be reasonable to allow. As we
are directed to advise with you, beg your opinion in that
matter.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servants,
AUGUSTIN LAWRENCE,
SAMUEL TUDER.
To the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention at Fishkill.
[Letter from Charlotte County Committee.]
In Committee for Charlotte )
Skeensborough, Oct. 19, 1776. 5
Resolved, That the Delegates of this county be request-
ed to desire the Convention of this State lo advance on
loan the sum of two hundred pounds, in order to defray the
contingent expenses in this county. And if the request is
com|:)licd with, any of the Delegates giving their receipt to
the Treasurer with this resolution, it shall be acknowledged
by this committee a sufficient voucher for the same ; and
when it shall be thought proper (by the Convention or fu-
ture Legislature of this State,) that the money shall be re-
paid, this committee will cheerfully cooperate with the
same.
Resolved, That the chairman of this committee write a
letter to William Duer and Alexr. Webster, Esqrs. to re-
mit the aforesaid sum of £200 to this county with all con-
venient speed.
By order.
JNO. WILLIAMS, Chairman.
Attest.]
John Gibson, Clerk.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman to William Duer.]
Head-Quarters, >
IVhite Plains, 29th October, 1776. J
Dear Sir — Your express did not call yesterday, or I
overlooked him in the hurry of the day ; if I had seen him
I should have informed you that the cannonade you heard
was at Mount Washington, and not at this place. Two
frigates came up and anchored a little below the fort to stop
the passage at Burdett's ferry ; but one of them soon got
such a dose from a battery of two 18-pounders, that she
was obliged to cut and run, having received 26 shot through
her hull. She was towed off by her own boats and those
of her consort, with pumps constantly going. They at the
same time attacked our lines at Harlem Heights, but were
repulsed.
Yesterday morning we received information that the main
body of the enemy were moving towards us ; we made
every suitable disposition to give them a suitable reception.
They at first bent their course towards our centre, in the
little village at the Plains, but finding our works stronger
than they expected, they filed off towards our right and
made their attack upon a hill which overlooks the village,
and on which we had posted a few regiments. As our
men were without cover, they could not withstand a very
heavy fire of artillery followed by a large body of infantry ;
they however made as good a defence as could be expected,
and came off without much loss. The enemy, after this,
remained quiet, only extending themselves about a mile
over towards the North river. It is a little extraordinary
that this move should be made in our rear. Lord Stirling
is detached ahead of them to get possession of the passes
among the hills, and Genl. Parsons has taken post near
the head of Rye pond, which secures the pass in our front.
From the situation of the two armies, something of con-
siderable import must turn up in a few days. Except we
can get a vast superiority of ground, our raw troops are not
a match for their disciplined soldiers, especially when back-
ed by constant fire of artillery.
The General presents his compliments to Mr. Living-
ston and yourself. He begs you will say to him that he
received a letter from him yesterday, which he would have
answered, but he hopes the urgency of the time will be a
sufficient excuse.
I am, dear sir, your most obedt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
Wm. Duer, Esqr.
[Letter from Pelrus Van Gaasbeck to Wm. Duer.]
Manor Livingston, 29th October, 1776.
Sir — I herewith send you enclosed the muster roll,
agreeable to the resolve of Convention, passed the 9th inst.
Also enclose a letter from Col. Peter R. Livingston, in
which he makes mention that I have engaged cartouch-
bo.xes for all my men. If convenient, beg you will send
me so much money as to pay for them. Please to give
me an answer to the colonel's letter of what relates to the
company.
I have been upon duty for some days by order of our
committee. I now wait your orders. Here keeps a large
number concealed in the woods in this district and upon
the borders of Dutchess.
I should be exceeding glad if you think proper to ap-
point the gentleman mentioned in the colonel's letter, as
2d heutenant.
In haste, I am sir, your very hum. scrvt.
PETRUS VAN GAASBECK.
Wm. Duer, Esqr.
[Letter from Brigadier-General James Clinton to the President of the
Convention of New-York.J
Fort Montgomery, Oct. 29, 1776.
Gentlemen — Agreeable to a resolve of the Committee
of Safety for the State of New-York, I send you Silvanus
Scowfield, cooper in Capt. Darling's company, and Sergt.
Sickles with nineteen others belonging to this garrison,
which is all the coopers we have at this place, except three
or four more who are drafted to do duty with the train of
artillery. But if you are in want of any more coopers, I
suppose I can supply you, as I have not got a return of
the coopers at the fort near Peekskill and Fort Constitu-
tion ; but I expect them soon, as I have ordered it to be
made and sent to me. Therefore you will be pleased to
let me know if those I now send be sufficient; if not, I
will send those at the other posts.
I think it my duty to inform you at this time, when you
are about making out the arrangement of the four regiments
to be raised in the State of New-York, that Lieut. Has-
brouck, of Capt. Bellknap's company and Lieut. Parsons,
of Capt. Swartwout's company, both of the second New-
York regiment, were ordered under an arrest and tried by
a general court-martial. Lieut. Hasbrouck was honourably
acquitted ; and Lieut. Parsons found guilty of the charge
laid against him, was dismissed the service. In making
out the new arrangement I hope the rest of the officers of
the second New-York regiment, whereof I was appointed
colonel, will not be forgot.
I am, gentlemen, your most obdt. hum. servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. General
To the President of the Hon. Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Morgan to the Hon. John Jay.]
North Castle, October 23, 1776-
Sir — I wrote a hasty letter some time ago, requesting
from the State of New- York that they would allow me the
remainder of the stock of medicines purchased for the use
of the State, of which they were so good as to allow me
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
339
one-half early in the sumnner, for the use of the army.
The dentiand for medicines is very great and we can not
procure a sufficiency at any rate. Not having received an
answer to that letter, I fear it has miscarried. I should be
much obliged to you, sir, if you would be pleased to make
application in my favour for the medicines, if not disposed
of ; for which, as well as what I was before favoured with,
I shall pay the amount on demand.
With great esteem, I remain, sir,
Your most obedt. humble servant,
JOHN MORGAN.
To the Hon. John Jay.
[Letter from the Committee of Bedford, on the subject of the poor re-
moved there from New-York.]
Bedford, October 28th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The names of the poor of the parish of
New-York came to Bedford on the 28th day of August
last, by order of the county committee, and was support-
ed by the committee of Bedford. A house was hired for
them — and kept together ever since : Thomas Graham,
Catherin Graliam, Eleanor Graham, Elizabeth Maguire,
Yeofan Sinklar, Elizabeth Stuart, Elizabeth Anderson,
Cloye Hooker, George Jones, Mary Macarty, Sarah O'Fa-
rel, Margaret Brown, Elizabeth Roger, Isabel Wilson,
Mary Atweel, Susanah Mitchel, Isabel Mitchel, Jane
Holmes, EHzabeth Airs, Evert Cornelius, Garret Squira-
man, William Mitchel, Thomas Williamson, Charles Mor-
fett, Peier Losey, David Harring, John Stuart, Walter
McDonald.
Elizabeth Airs is dead since she came ; and about a
week ago Walter McDonald is gone out of the poor house
to keep a school for small children. There are men and
women in the poor house that are able to earn their living,
and not be chargeable to the public. They do little jobs
about, which they are paid for, and they buy rum with and
get drunk. They quarrel among themselves and make
their complaint to me, which I can not do any thing with
them. I hope you will send written instructions, so that
we may know how to deal with them. The money due
to the committee of Bedford, which they engaged for,
amounts to £23 8s. \d. They want that money, and
more to be sent down to support them this winter. The
funeral charges for Elizabeth Airs are not paid, and no ac-
count made of it in the above ; the poor say she left a
feather bed, and whether that ought to be sold to defray
charges or not, we do not know. Now concerning the pri-
soners sent here ; concerning the parol granted them by
the Continental Congress, for six miles each way from the
places of their abode, was shortened by this committee to a
quarter of a mile, for the following reasons : they went about
night and day amongst the tories here, and made great dis-
turbance concerning tlie times ; they went off on a Sunday
and have not heard of them since ; they are considerably
in debt here, and left effects which we collected together
and appraised it, which amounts to £98 7s. 3ri. Whether
we are to sell it at vendue, and pay the debts due or not,
we can not tell, and return the overplus of the sale of their
effects to the Convention, or keep it for them if ever they
return. I hope the Honourable Convention will take it all
in consideration, and instruct us what our duty is to do,
and we will endeavour to do it punctually, without delay.
By order of the Bedford committee.
I subscribe myself.
Your most humble servant.
LEWIS McDonald, chairman.
To the President of the Honourable Convention,
at Fishkill, Dutchess county.
[Letter from Robert H. Harrison requesting the lighthorse to repair to
Head-Quarters at While-Plains.]
Head-Quarters, )
White-Plains, Oct. 21th, 1776. S
Sir — I have it in command from His E.xcellency Genl.
Washington to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of
this date, and to inform you that it is his request that the
whole of the lighthorse under your command should repair
to this place, except one of the companies now with you,
which he would have left at the Fishkills, under the direc-
tion of the Convention to the five companies which you
expect. He desires you will despatch one or two light-
horsemen and direct them to come here, instead of going
to the Fishkills.
I am, sir, your most obdt. servt.
ROB. H. HARRISON, Secretary.
[Letter from Gen. Schuyler to the Committee of the Convention, at
Albany.]
Saratoga, Oct. 26th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I am honoured with your favour of the
24th instant. The affidavits transmitted me would coun-
tenance the supposition that the enemy intend an irruption
on the Mohawk river, but I can hardly imagine they will
attempt it until they have met with success at Ticonderoga,
which I both hope and believe they will not have. I did
not, however, like to move Dayton's corps from the western
quarter, but was pressed to do it in such terms, by Genl.
Gates, that I could not prudently refuse it. Lest, how-
ever, an accident should happen, I would advise that Col.
Van Ness, with his regiment, should on his return from
Coaxsakie march to Schenectady, or to such other place
where he can be of most service in case of an attack. Our
scouts from Johnstown, Fort George and Fort Edward, all
agree that there is not the least appearance of an enemy
in the northwestern quarters. I enclose you copies of let^
ters from Genl. Gates and Genl. Arnold. I have had a
copious eruption since you were here ; it is going off, and
find myself in much better health.
I am, gentlemen, with every friendly wish,
And with the greatest esteem.
Your most humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Committee of Convention, Albany.
[Recommendation from the Chairman of the Committee of Ulster
county, in favour of Moses Yeoman.]
In Committee, New-Paltz, Oct. 25th, 1776.
These are to certify that Moses Yeoman hath served in
Capt. Elias Hasbrouck's company of rangers in the cha-
racter of second lieutenant, sixteen days, prior to the date of
his warrant, on the request of the committee of Kingston. It
is therefore hoped that the Honourable Convention of the
State will allow said Moses Yeoman pay for his services
during that time.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr. Chairman.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Genl. Clinton.]
While Plains, 24//i October, 2 P. M. 1776.
My Dear Sir — I received your letter of yesterday a
few minutes since, and was just preparing to answer it
when a messenger arrived from towards New-Rochelle to
acquaint us that early this morning the enemy had struck
their tents and were advancing from that to this place
along the common road. Every general officer, myself ex-
cepted, were out reconnoitering. I having arrived here last
night, where I was left to remove the public stores, was only
left at home. Two other expresses since arrived and con-
firmed the account of the enemy's advancing, and our army
is now drawn up in order to receive them. The General
having come in, gives me so much leisure as to acquaint
you of the above. As to every other circumstance which
has occurred since my last, Colo. DcWilt and the other
gentlemen of your committee will be able to inform you.
340
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
I have only time to add that I earn^^ily wish to see ihem,
andt hat
I am, most affectionately yours,
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. Pray let Mrs. Clinton know I am well, and that
she need not be uneasy about me. It would be loo much
honour to die in so good a cause. Pray excuse me to Mr.
Allison for not answering his two letters.
To John McKjesson, Esqr.
[Letter from the Committee of Danbury, State of Connecticut.]
Danbury, Oct. 22d, 1776.
EsQR. LoCKWOOD :
giy- — Having received your letter of the 20th inst. with
three officers, who you inform us are prisoners of war,
and a copy of their parol. Likewise, we received them
into our custody, and shall endeavour to conduct towards
them agreeable to the resolves of Continental Congress, in
such case made and provided.
By order of the committee of inspection for the town of
Danbury, per
THOMAS STEVENS, Chairman.
To Ebenr. Lockwood, Esqr.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Valentine Hill, Oct. 22d, 1776. J
Sir — By command of His Excellency I enclose you a
letter for Genl. Schuyler, under a flying seal, after per-
mitting it to the perusal of the Convention. Please to seal
it and forward it by express.
I am, sir, yr. most obt. servt.
TENCH TILGHMAN.
To Honble. Peter R. Livingston, Esqr.
President of Convention at Fisbkill.
[Letter from the Indians of Onenhoghkwage and Tuscarora, to the
officers at Otsego Lake.]
Onenhoghkwage, 22d Oct. 1776.
Brothers — The captain and other officers of the com-
pany of rangers at Otsego :
We have been several times astonished,
hearing your intentions. We understand your busi-
ness is to range the vi^oods in pursuit of Indians that are
painted or have feathers in their caps, and intend to
fire on them wherever you find them. Our people are just
going out to hunt as usual, in the woods where you pass
along ; hunting is their sole intention, and they go out with
no other design than in pursuit of the necessaries of life.
W^e have no bad design, neither are there any hereabouts
that are ill-disposed that we know of; therefore, we hope
you will quiet your minds and suffer no lears about us to
trouble you, nor trouble yourselves about our customs of
painting or wearing feathers on our haeds, for that is no sign
of bad intentions; and our young men have always prac-
tised it, thinking it no harm or breach of friendship with
our Brothers.
We should not have written if we had heard it only as
flying report, but we have been told four or five times by
William Johns. on and Glasford that you determine to fire
on any you find in the woods painted. Every time any of
us go to Tyonadello, they repeat the story and charge us
not to paint. Therefore, what must we think ? Must we
not conclude that it is dangerous for us to improve our old
hunting grounds ? We had such news concerning the in-
habitants of Cherry-Valley last summer, and our head
men sent to them to know the reason of it. They assured
us the report was false ; we hope it will appear to be so now .
We hope you will inform us speedily if you have no de-
sign against us, and endeavour to prevent such reports
being spread amongst us, which you may be sure will
make trouble. We know no reason why we should stay
from our hunting or leave off painting according to our
custom.
From the warriors and hunters of
Onenhoghkwage and Tuscarora
I shall speak a word now. Brothers — I have observed
their conduct and do not discover any bad design in them,
wherefore I was troubled in my mind when the speech of
one of your company was interpreted to me by William
Johnston at Tyonadello. I could not receive it as a false-
hood from him, and I can not expect they will leave off
painting for your threats ; for I have for many years past
entreated them from time to time on the Sabbath to break
off from that custom, but they are so in love with it that
they will not hearken. Therefore, I entreat that you
would not trouble yourselves about the custom of our peo-
ple, but take care of those among yourselves which you
know to be dangerous. I hope you will find out means
whereby to preserve peace and unity between us and you,
and also among yourselves.
These from your Brother,
ISAAC.
Interpreted by Aaron Crosby, Missry.
To the Officers of the Rangers.
[Letter from Francis Lewis.]
Philadelphia, 2Ut October, 1776.
Capt. John Hodge :
Sir — I have received your letter of the 18th instant. In
answer thereto relative to the ship Montgomery, we have
lately wrote to the Convention for the State of New-York
leaving it to them to give direction in what manner to dis-
pose of the ships at Poughkeepsie ; they are now convened
at the Fishkills. If they should find it practicable to get
these ships out this year. Congress are disposed to have
them fitted and manned with all expedition, but in this you
must consult the Convention and superintendents. If
there should be a probability of getting the ships out, you
should furnish us with a list of such officers as yourself
with the gentlemen of the Convention shall recommend.
You may apply to the Treasurer, Mr. Denning, or draw
upon me here for what money you may be in want of for
your present supplies on account of your sloop freight.
I am, sir, yr. very humble servt.
FRA. LEV7IS.
To Capt. John Hodge.
[Letter from James Auchmuty to Mr. Jay.]
Bedford, Octr.2lst, 1776.
Sir — I am much obliged to you, and take this opportu-
nity of returning you thanks for forwarding my letter to
my brother. I am sorry that I am under the necessity of
still making application to you for your interest, that I may
be paid what is allowed to prisoners of war, I not having
received one shilling either for myself, wife or son, since
I was taken ; all the other gentlemen have received it.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your most humb. and most obt. servt.
JAMES AUCHMUTY.
To John Jay, Esqr.
P. S. Major Lockwood was desired to inform Mr. Jay,
that after writing the within letter, he advanced to Mr.
Auchmuty, on his receipt, eight dollars.
[Letter from Francis Lewis and PhUip Livingston at Philadelphia, to
Augustin Lawrence and Saml. Tuder.
Philadelphia, 21st October, 1776.
Gentlemen — Your letter of the 7th inst. advising that
the ships Congress and Montgomery were nearly ready
for launching, was received. You will observe the above
names are now to be given to those ships. We are, at this
I distance, at a loss to direct their destination. The marine
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
341
committee have therefore wrote to the Convention for the
State of New-York, now at the Fishkills, requesting that
they would give you proper directions relative to the
launching and otherwise disposing of those ships with
their stores, so as to preserve them in the best manner
you can from being destroyed. You are therefore to cor-
respond with the said Convention for that purpose.
Your humble servants,
FRA. LEWIS,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON.
Extract from the original.
Per John Child, Clerk.
Messrs. Augustin Lewis and
Samuel Tudok.
[Letter from Col- Hasbrouck, at Newburgh.]
Honourable Gentlemen — By a resolve of Congress,
passed in July, to raise the one-fourth part of the militia to
continue in service until the last day of December next,
whereby we were empowered, if there were not a suffi-
cient number of militia officers that should be willing to
enter the service, that the field officers were to appoint
such persons as they should judge proper, of which there
were not a sufficient number of subalterns, and did appoint
Leonard Smith, 2nd lieutenant, under Capt. Samuel
Clerk. Johannis T. Johnson, 1st lieutenant, Johannis
Brown, 2nd heutenant, under Capt. John Graham. And
William Erwin, 2nd lieutenant, under Capt. Jacob Conck-
lin.
The above written gentlemen have not as yet been com-
missioned ; therefore desire you would favour them with
commissions as soon as possible, as they have been now
nearly three months in service uncommissioned. Your com-
phance with my request, will much oblige, gentlemen,
Your very humble servt.
JONATHAN HASBROUCK, Col
Newburgh, Octr. 21st. 1776.
To the Honourable Convention of the State of
New-York, now convened at Fishkill.
[Information relative to the enemy.]
Octr. 21si, 1776.
On Friday last, the main body of the enemy's army de-
camped from Frog's point and landed on Pell's or Rod-
man's neck east of the East Chester creek (commonly
called the manor of Pelham.) Soon after their landing,
three regiments of my brother's brigade, commanded at pre-
sent by Col. Glover, attacked their advanced party and re-
pulsed them, killing, it is supposed, about 100 ; but they
being sustained by their main body, our detachment was
ordered off, and they accordingly retreated with the ut-
most good order, losing in the whole action only 23 kill-
ed and wounded. The enemy have since moved slowly
eastward, and now lay from where they first landed, extended
about one mile east of N. Rochelle. Our army lies in
their front, about 2i miles distant ; the left wing at White
Plains, the right at this place, where my brigade now is ;
but I think it probable in a day or two I shall be ordered
to the left, in which case I shall be nearer to you, the
only reason I can have to wish it. A few days ago Genl.
Mercer went to Staten island with about 2,000 men, and
look 27 prisoners, Hessians and Highlanders, and killed
3 or 4. He lost about 3 men, and indeed, was very near
surrounding and defeating the whole of the enemy. They
have since ordered a brigade to reinforce that island, and I
daily expect to hear some good news from Long island.
The enemy has had a small reinforcement arrived, of light-
horse, &c. within a few days. I do not recollect any thing
else worth mentioning, nor have I time for recollection.
[Letter from Henry AVisner, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, October 19/A, 1776.
Gentlemen — We have been so unfortunate as not to
[Vol. II.] 86
receive a line from you since we left Fishkill. Dikeman
was here this morning ; said he had a letter for us, but
Col. Cortlandt and myself were both out, and he took the
letter with him. Cergeer was also here ; said he had a
letter for us, but had lost it. Mr. Machin is here ; we
have, with him, been taking a further view of the adjacent
hills ; he is fully of opinion with us, that the building any
fortifications in this part of the country would be labour
badly spent, and worse than lost.
I have been at Fort Montgomery and at Red Hook : if
two 18 or 24 pounders were placed at Red Hook, I be-
lieve the British ships might be kept from anchoring in
Peekskill bay, and by that means the navigation to Peeks-
kill might be kept open ; and in my opinion, unless that
can be done, the fort at Red Hook had better never have
been built. However, I believe it would be right to try
to get them. There are several vessels at Fort Constitu-
tion laden with boards, brick, lime, &c. for the use of
the army, they might very safely be brought down while
the wind holds northwardly, but they will not come with-
out your advice.
Col. Cortlandt is now at Croton, and has been so much
engaged that he has not had time to join me in any letter
yet. Yesterday the King's ships hoisted sail and came up
several miles, but the wind sprang up to the northwest,
and they came to, below Verplanck's.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble servant,
HENRY WISNER.
To Peter R. Livingston, Esqr.
President of Convention.
[Letter from Robert Hodge, dated at Fishkill Landing.]
Fishkill Landing, October 19, 1776.
Sir — The evening before last, when we had the plea-
sure of your company, through mistake you carried away
the key of one of the rooms of the store. By sending said
key with the gentlemen, who will deliver this to you, it
will oblige Mrs. Bush.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
ROBERT HODGE.
To John McKesson, Esqr. Secretary
to the Convention at Fishkill.
[Letter from Colonel Broome.]
Heights of Harlem, October 16, 1776.
Sir — John S. Hobart, Esqr. who was at New-Haven
about a week past, informed me that your Convention had
appointed a Committee of Safety to sit at or near the lines,
to transact some business of importance, and that I was
honoured with being appointed one of the members. Pur-
suant to which information I have attended at this place, in
order to join the committee ; but, on inquiry, cannot learn
that any of the gentlemen have been here. I therefore
propose to return home for the present, (as a number of
my family are sick,) and shall endeavour to give my atten-
dance whenever I am informed the committee are con-
vened.
I am your and the Convention's
Very humble servant,
JNO. BROOME.
To the Honourable Peter R. Livingston,
President of the Convention of the State
of New-York, at Fishkill.
[Letter from Henry Wisner.]
Peekskill, October ISth, 1776.
Gentlemen — I have been taking a view of the adjacent
hills this morning, at the entrance of the Highlands on the
south side, and find them capable of being made quite de-
fensible with very little expense. The hill at the north
side of Peekskill is so situated, with the road winding along
the side of it, that ten men on the top, by throwing down
stones, might prevent 10,000 passing. I went on top this
342
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
morning and rolled some stones down, it made a most vio-
lent appearance, some of them sprang 20 feet high. I be-
lieve nothing more need be done than to heap great quan-
tities of stone at the different places where the troops must
pass, if they attempt penetrating the mountains.
The troops that went over towards Fishkill have return-
ed. I believe it will be best to have the greatest part of
them stationed along between this and Tarrytown. Col.
Van Cortlandt is very busy getting things put in a proper
•way for the subsistence of the troops. I am at this mo-
ment setting off for Fort Montgomery to get the engineer
to come and assist us with his advice. I have procured a
man who understands making flints. If Mr. Harper has
not gone home, I beg him to send a cart load of the stone
that he told me of. If he has gone, pray write after him.
I am convinced that the man understands how to make
them.
I am, gentlemen, your humble servant,
HENRY WISNER.
To Peter R. Livingston, Esqr. President
of the Convention of the State of New-
York, at Fishkill.
LLetter from Col. Drake, requesting that certain ofliccrs in his regi-
ment be commissioned.]
Kini;>s Bridge, October Hlh, 177G.
Sir — Undoubtedly you have the account of the move-
ments of our unnatural enemy, and, in all likelihood,
in a few days we shall be called to action, if ever. And
as a number of my officers are without commissions,
and are uneasy if it should happen that they fall into the
hands of the enemy, (which God forbid,) for fear they may
receive treatment not due to their rank, therefore I beg
the favour of you to petition the Convention to make out
commissions to the following gentlemen :
Capt. Joshua Rogers, Benjamin King, 2d lieut. — Suf-
folk county.
Seth Marvin, capt. — Orange county.
Sybert Acker, 1st lieut. ; Ephm. Lockwood, 2d lieut. ;
David Dutcher, 2d lieut. ; Robert Crawford, 2d lieut. —
Westchester county.
Abraham Hanford, 1 st lieut. — Albany county.
Ebenezer Phillips, 2d lieut. — Suffolk county.
Should be glad they may be sent forward to General
Scott as soon as may be.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
SAM. H. DRAKE, Colo.
To Mr. John McKesson.
LLetter from Mary Hay Burn, to her husband.]
Neui-Hackensack, October 17th, 1776.
Most Loving Husband — This comes to let you know
that I and my family are well at present, hoping these few
lines will find you so likewise, and to let you know that
Dirrick Hoogland has warned me to go out of my house,
and has forewarned me to repair it, for out of it he says I
shall go ; for if any body comes to repair it he says he will
pull off the roof and fetch it all home. What I shall do I
know not, for a house I can not get, and to get in with
Phoebe I can not, for William Elseworth lives there ; so
you must go to your commanding officers and let them
know the circumstances I am in, and let them know that I
will be obliged to be turned out of door if you don't come
up and look for a house. Come you must, if possible.
If you can't come, you must go to some of your officers
belonging to the company where you are in, and try and
get in with one of them to go to the commanding officer
and see whether Dirrick has any right to turn me out of
door, since you have listed to go and fight for liberty.
Why should I not have liberty whilst you strive for liberty ?
The money you sent me I laid out as you ordered. But I
have got out of money ; if you can't come you must send
all the money you can. So no more at present, but I re-
main your loving wife until death.
xMARY HAY BURN.
To John Hat Burn, at King's Bridge.
[Letter from Tench Tilghman.]
Head-Quarters, ?
While-Plains, 27th Oclr. 1770. ^
Dear Sir — I have your favour of yesterday. The Ge-
neral highly approves of your plan of having Rogers's pri-
soners sent up to your Convention, and will have it done
out of hand. You will receive with them several persons
taken about this j)art of the country. The one that ap-
pears to be deepest in their schemes, is James Budd, whose
examination you have enclosed. You may question him
without lotting him know you have the examination ; and
from comparing the accounts given at different times form
a judgment of the truth. Our scouting parties are very
active and very successful. Yesterday they brought in
five British prisoners, and this morning 12 Waldeckers.
The latter are amazed at the kind treatment they receive ;
they say they were torn away from their own country, and
will willingly remain among us ; they say if their fellow
soldiers knew how kindly they would be treated, and how
plentifully and happily they might live, they would lay
down their arms and come among us. We shall contrive
to make a good use of these fellows.
Our neighbours remain very quiet in this quarter, but
we have heard a heavy cannonade about Fort Washington;
we don't know the occasion yet, but have sent down for
intelligence. You are misinformed as to the quantity of
provisions we have lost. When Genl. Lee removed he
was obliged to leave 80 or 90 barrels of provisions, of all
kinds, for want of wagons. We already make a very re-
spectable figure ; our front lined and abutted, and some re-
doubts well forwarded on our rear, impassable for horse or
foot, but through passes of which we have possession.
Send us good news from the northward, and never fear
us, we will play our part.
I am, dear sir, sincerely yours,
TENCH TILGHMAN.
To William DuER,Esqr. one of the
Committee of Correspondence, Fishkills.
[James Budd's account of the numbers, situation and designs of the
enemy, enclosed in T. Tilghman's letter of 27th Octr. 1776.]
James Budd says, he came to New- York from Quebec
about the 10th of Septr. ; he came in the ship Lord Sand-
wich, in company with 3 other transports, with the prison-
ers taken in Canada ; he landed at Red Hook the 26lh of
Septr. from thence he came to New-York, where he con-
tinued most of the lime, till the day after the enemy landed
at Frogs Point, when he went from New-York to Frogs
Point, where he was solicited lo take a commission in
the King's service, under Major Rogers, or in some
other regiment. He had a recommendation to Rogers for
that purpose, but has not had his commission, and was un-
determined whether to accept it. He came home some
time since to see his family and know in what state things
were here, (as he had been absent since May 1775,) be-
fore he concluded whether to accept a commission or not.
After this, he went on to Long island and to New-York,
and concluded to return home and not take a commission
in the King's service, and accordingly last night came to
Rye on his way to his family, where he was made a pri-
soner by the guard. The enemy had on Frogs Point, in
his opinion, about 20,000 men, the day after they landed.
He thinks Genl. Howe commanded there ; Genls. Ld.
Peircy, Cleavland and Prescott were there. He was told
they expected to stay but a few days, and then land further
east, and were looking out for guides. The general talk
was, they intended to surround the American army to cut
off their retreat. But very few men are left on York
island — not more than 100 in the city ; none on Long is-
land, but sick, and the Long island recruits, and some few of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
343
ihe lighthorse ; about a regiment at Staten island, and 2
or 3 regiments at Powle's Hook. Last Saturday, Sunday
and Monday arrived a reinforcement, said to be 12,000
Hessians and Hanoverians, and one regiment of dragoons,
without horses ; these have not landed, but was said were
to land in the North river, above our lines, and form a line
across to join the army on the East river. Expressed
great fear lest we should land part of our army on Long
island. Salt provisions are plenty, fresh provisions scarce,
poor and dear. The army, in general, is healthy — the
Hessians are sickly. The enemy lost 300 on Long island ;
on Sunday the 15th they lost very few ; the 16th their loss
was considerable. He has not been in the camp since he
left Frogs Neck, but the principal encampment appears to
be at Scarsdale, between New-Rochelle and Maroneck, on
the northwardly of the road. Rogers, with 600 men, is
at Maroneck ; some light infantry, and a battalion of De-
lancy's, commanded by Major Grant, lie there, or near
there. Rogers has one battalion full, (and a second now
raising, in which he had an offer of a captaincy.) This is
by information, as he has not been present since he left
Frogs Point. The army consists of about 30,000, besides
the late reinforcement. Isaac Jerow, Isaac Hatfield, one
Joseph Golden, of New- York State ; one McGinnis, of
New-Hampshire ; one Smith and one Sanford of Salem,
in Westchester county, are captains ; one Covert, of Cort-
landt's manor ; one Hierlitry from Middletown, in Connec-
ticut ; one Wm. Gray, of Maroneck, are lieutenants, and
Griffing, from New-England, is a captain in Rogers' regi-
ment. Elijah Purdy's son, of the White Plains, and Joshua
Barns, of Philipsborough, are lieutenants in the enemy's
service. They design to attack us shortly, if we don't re-
treat, but do not design to attack us in our works ; and
they said they would not march faster than the cannon
cleared the way before them. They have some 12lb. ar-
tillery, and some field artillery with them ; they have a
good supply of horses and wagons ; their regiments gene-
rally consist of about 500 men.
Octr. 25th, 1776.
[Letter from Augustin Lawrence and Saml. Tuder.]
Poughkeepsie, 28th October, 1776.
Sir — Your favour of the 19th instant, with copy of a
note from the marine committee, at Philadelphia enclosed,
wherein they express great anxiety for the frigates building
here, came safe to hand, in consequence of which we have
used our utmost exertions to get the ships ready to launch.
The General Montgomery will be launched on Monday
the fourth November next, at eight in the morning, at which
time we should be glad of the company of such gentlemen
of the Convention as can conveniently attend.
We are, with great respect, sir.
Your most obedient humble servants,
AUGUSTIN LAWRENCE,
SAML. TUDER.
P. S. If you have any news, should take it kind of you
to let us know by the bearer hereof, Mr. Joseph Pierson.
Please to forward the letter herewith sent to marine com-
mittee by first conveyance.
To Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention for the
State of New-York, at Fishkill.
[Letter from Peter R. Livingston.]
Esopus, 26ih Octr. 1776.
Gentn. — I came over here yesterday to inquire what
flour might be had here, and find but little ; however, have
got all there is, and Capt. Sleight is now loading. He will
have, I judge, about 300 barrels. I set all the wagons
riding I could get. They are to ride all day to-morrow,
so that he will be ready to sail on Monday for Albany.
Have ordered all the mills to grind as fast as possible, to
have another load ready by tlic time he returns. Shall
send up another load of 400 barrels by the middle of the
week, as I find they are in the utmost want. Shall send
off a hand to purchase some teams at Sharon, and send
them down loaded with oats, if I can procure them. Have
no money. Shall send a hand down to you for some soon.
Beg you will excuse this scrawl, and your further direc-
tions by the return of this express.
Am, gentn. your most obedient humb. svt.
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
To PiEREE Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
Vice President of the Convention, at Fishkill.
[Letter from Peter T. Curtenius.J
Philadelphia, Octr. 20th, 1776.
Gent. — This serves to inform you that I have purchased
at this place, for the use of the N. York troops, 1109 pair
buckskin breeches ; 1608 pair milled stockings ; 85 fell
hats ; 1939 check shirts, and 1928 white shirts. All which
I have had packed and stored in this city. I would have
forwarded them (agreeable to a resolve of Congress of the
25th Sept.) to Head-Quarters if we had not received an
account yesterday, that our army was going to retreat from
N. York island, and therefore thought it most prudent to
leave the goods here until I know where Head-Quarters
will be fixed.
Besides the above, I have purchased here linen enough
to make about two thousand shirts more, which will be
made in about 5 weeks. At Brunswick, I have got about
400 pair shoes ready to deliver, and have engaged from
different shoemakers in the Jerseys about 1000 pair more,
which will be ready by Christmas.
At Tappan, I have about 100 pair leather breeches, and
at Hackensacks about 100 pair more, and 213 ready dressed
deer skins ; also, about 160 felt hats, 200 rifle frocks, 90
pair shoes and about 400 shirts. As to cloth and blankets
I have not been able to get any, because the Congress se-
cure all the woolens that come in here, and they have given
orders to persons in every seaport town on the Continent
to do the same ; all which will be sent to the Quarter-
Master-General, at Head-Quarters, where no doubt our
troops will get their share. I shall endeavour to get all I
can of the clothing which are still deficient, but am afraid
I shall fall much short in procuring the whole quantity of
shoes, stockings, felt hats and leather breeches, which you
were pleased to give me orders to purchase, they being
very scarce this way, owing to the number of purchasers
here. Would it not be proper to give the committees in
each county and town orders to purchase as many of these
articles as they could get, it being impossible for one
man in a State to get the whole, as times are now circum-
stanced, particularly in our State.
I take the liberty to return the resolve of the Convention
authorizing me to borrow two thousand pounds, on the cre-
dit of which I have not been able to get more than three
thousand two hundred pounds, this sum came vastly short
to pay for the goods I had bought, and therefore have been
obliged to advance of my own cash the sum of £3844 0^.
6d. and owe £10,651 6s. Id. more, together amounts to
£14,495 6s. 7d., say fifteen thousand pounds, as some ac-
counts are not come in yet, which sum should be glad the
Convention would be pleased to send by Mr. Dykeman to
my house at Paramus, next to Mr. Hopper's, (for which
place I set out to-morrow,) as soon as possible, and I must
beg that the Convention would not disappoint me, for I am
almost exhausted, and people calling on me for money daily
which is very disagreeable. Our Convention money will
not pass here, therefore should be glad to have it in Conti-
nental money, of which Mr. Livingston tells me there has
been lately sent from here to your treasury one hundred
thousand dollars.
I am, witii great respect, gent.
Your most obedt. servt.
PETER T. CURTENIUS.
P. S. We have just now an account come that the
prize with woolens worth £37,000 sterling is safe arrived
344
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
at Falmouth ; also the rich Turkey ship. This will make
a good parcel of coats. There is also arrived a ship from
France at Rhode Island, with six thousand yards of cloth,
and about 500 blankets.
I shall be at Paramus the latter end of this week.
[Letter from Joseph Hallett,]
Princetoion, Oct. 22d, 1776.
Gentlemen — In compliance with your desire or order of
the 18th Sept. I have been into New-England, I found
there a very inconsiderable part of the goods Capt. Rogers
had taken and carried into Fire Island inlet, and from thence
carted across the island to Huntington ; the whole I think
will not sell for more than five hundred pounds, they con-
sist of the following articles, viz. one hogshead and six bar-
rels of sugar, four barrels and two bags of coffee, four bar-
rels of cocoa, one box tea, nine peices sail duck, twelve bar-
rels oil, with one or two more small articles. He sent
round to Providence, a small sloop that he and Capt. Pond
took in company from Halifax, bound to New-York with a
?arcel of entrenching tools, these I ordered down to New-
ork soon after the vessel was taken and sold them to
Gen. Washington. The goods and sloop now in New-
England, I have taken the necessary steps to have them
condemned and sold ; when done shall forward you the
sales. I have supplied Capt. Rogers with the greatest part
of his provisions for a four month's cruise, and money to pur-
chase the remainder. I also advanced him a sufficient sum
of money, including that sum you had in the hands of Mr.
Hobart, to pay his ship's company their wliole wages ex-
cept one month's pay, which I thought best to withhold lest
they should choose to look out for new quarters. I am in
hopes the sloop will get to sea in a few days.
I am, gentlemen.
Your obedt. humble seiTant.
JOSEPH HALLETT.
The Honourable Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from the Committee of Albany, to the Convention of New-
York.]
Albany Committee Chamber. >
Oct. 2Ut, 1776. S
Gentlemen — In consequence of a request from His
Honour General Schuyler, desiring the aid of our militia,
we have, in conjunction with Brigadier Gen. Ten Broeck,
issued out orders for their immediate march, to Fort Ed-
ward ; a part of the militia have already marched, and the
remainder are making preparations to follow them, but not
with that alacrity which the present alarming situation of
our affairs in this quarter requires.
Every district in this county is crowded with disaffected
persons, the woods are full of them, and notwithstanding
every effort that has been made by our militia and the ran-
gers to apprehend them, they still have eluded our search.
This county besides is full of slaves who probably may al-
ready have been tampered with, and all our friends being
ordered off, may join with the disaffected in the abuse or
destruction of our wives, our children and our effects.
We have just received a letter from one of your body to
His Honour General Schuyler, which mentions, that tlie
whole number of arms by the last return in the Manor of
Livingston, was no more than one hundred, since which
tune, many have been drawn by the men drafted for the
Highlands, &c. and that the number of disaffected there, is
at least three to one.
Our suspected enemies in this city are continually draw-
ing off in a secret manner into the country, perhaps col-
lecting together and awaiting the departure of our friends
to fall upon the remainder of us. The disaffected persons
in the country have proceeded to open acts of violence,
they have plundered some of our soldiers of their arms on
the road in open day, broken into the houses of the inhabi-
tants in the night time and robbed them of their arms, am-
munition and blankets, and even rescued our prisoners
from the hands of those who were guarding them.
Whether the mihtia of Tryon county are also ordered
off or not we do not know, but they now hold themselves
in readiness for a march, and we have reason to fear from
information which we enclose, that some attempt will be
made to the westward, in which case we should have no
frontier on that side but remain entirely exposed to the un-
distinguished cruelty of the torturing savage.
In this serious and alarming situation, we feel for our
distressed country, and would apply to your Honourable
House, for that aid, direction and assistance which your
wisdom and power may enable and induce you to render
us. We would wish you to take into the most attentive
consideration this slate of facts, as every tiling that is dear
to us depends upon what you determine.
We would also request you to advise us, wliether it
would not be necessary to have some of our vessels ready
to sink in such parts of Hudson's river, as may effectually
stop the vessels of our enemies from proceeding up the
river, so as to endanger this city or the parts adjacent.
We shall despatch a guard to-morrow with about fifty
prisoners now in custody here, to be left to your direction
on their arrival at Fishkill Landing. We would also beg
leave to inform you, that we have not arms even sufficient
to put in the hands of our friends, and no cannon.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. servants,
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman, P. T.
To the Committee of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Gen. Schuyler at Saratoga ]
Saratoga, Oct. 16th, 1776. ?
6 o'clock afternoon, y
Sir — By letters from Generals Gates and Arnold, I am
advised of the total destruction of our fleet on Lake Cham-
plain, and that it is beyond doubt, that the enemy mean to
attack our army at Tyconderoga. I have written to Gen-
eral Ten Broeck to march up the militia under his com-
mand, and I have also applied for that of the neighbouring
States. General Gates wishes to be sustained by an army
of ten or twelve thousand of them. It is certainly of the
highest importance that all the militia that can be spared,
should march up without delay, either to support General
Gates, if there should be time, or to cover his retreat should
he be reduced to the necessity of quitting his ground, and
I must therefore entreat your aid. Permit me to suggest,
that I believe the Convention's moving to Albany, would
be attended with good consequences.
I am, sir, most respectfully.
Your obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Hon. Ab. Yates, Esq. President of the Convention.
[Letter from B. Arnold to Gen. Washington.]
Schuyler's Island, Oct. 12, 1776.
Dear General — Yesterday morning at 10 o'clock, the
enemy's fleet, consisting of one ship, mounting sixteen
guns, one snow, mounting the same number, one schooner
of fourteen guns, two of twelve, two sloops, a bomb ketch
and a large vessel, (that did not come up,) with fifteen or
twenty flat bottomed boats or gondolas, carrying one twelve
or eighteen pounder in their bows, appeared off Cumber-
land head. We immediately prepared to receive them ;
the gallies and Royal Savage were ordered under way, the
rest of our fleet lay at an anchor. At 1 1 o'clock they ran
under the lee of Valcour and began the attack. The
schooner by some bad management, fell to leeward and was
first attacked, one of her masts was wounded and her rig-
ging shot away ; the captain thought prudent to run her
on the Point of Valcour, where all the men were saved ;
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
345
they boarded her and at night set fire to her. At half-past
12 the engagement became general and very warm. Some
of the enemy's ships and all their gondolas beat and rowed
up within musliet shot of us ; they continued a very hot
fire with round and grape shot until five o'clock, when they
thought proper to retire to about six or seven hundred yards
distance, and continued the fire until dark. The Congress
and Washington have suffered greatly ; the latter lost her
first heutenant, killed ; captain and master wounded. The
New-York lost all her officers except her captain. The
Philadelphia was hulled in so many places that she sunk
in about one hour after the engagement was over. The
whole killed and wounded amounts to about sixty. The
enemy landed a large number of Indians on the island and
each shore, who kept an incessant fire on us, but did little
damage. The enemy had, to appearances, upwards of one
thousand men in batteaux, prepared for boarding. We suf-
fered much for want of seamen and gunners ; I was obliged
myself to point most of the guns on board the Congress,
which I believe did good execution. The Congress re-
ceived seven shots between wind and water, was hulled a
dozen times, had her mainmast wounded in two places
and her yard in one. The Washington was hulled a num-
ber of times, her mainmast shot through, and must have
a new one. Both vessels are very leaky and want repair-
ing.
On consulting with General Waterbery and Colonel Wig-
glesworth, it was thought prudent to return to Crown Point,
every vessel's ammunition being nearly three-fourths spent,
and the enemy greatly superior to us in ships and men.
At 7 o'clock Col. Wigglesworth in the Trumbull, got under
way ; the gondolas and small vessels followed, and the
Congress and Washington brought up the rear; the enemy
did not attempt to molest us. Most of the fleet is this mi-
nute come to an anchor. The wind is small to the south-
ward. The enemy's fleet is under way to leeward and
beating up. As soon as our leaks are stopped, the whole
fleet-will make the utmost despatch to Crown Point, where
I beg you will send ammunition and your further orders for
us. On the whole, I think we have had a very fortunate
escape, and have great reason to return our humble and
hearty thanks to Almighty God, for preserving and deli-
vering so many of us from our more than savage enemies.
I am, &c. B. ARNOLD.
P. S. I had not moved on board the Congress when the
enemy appeared, and lost all my papers and most of my
clothes on board the schooner. I wish a dozen batteaux,
well manned, could be sent immediately and tow up the
vessels in case of a southerly wind.
I can not in justice to the officers in the fleet, omit men-
tioning their spirited conduct during the action. B. A.
Copy. RicHD. Varick.
[Letter from the Committee of the Continental Congress, lo the Con-
veation of the State of New-York.]
Philadelphia, Oct. 7, 1776.
Gentlemen — The committee appointed to carry into ex-
ecution the enclosed resolve, can think of no method so
proper for the State of New-York as to apply to the Con-
vention, and for that purpose we send you ten thousand
dollars, and advise you to appoint proper persons in the
several districts to execute the same ; and if upon trial you
find that more clothing may be had than this money will
purchase, you may have more by applying to this com-
mittee.
ROBERT TREAT PAINE,
JOSIAH BARTLETT,
WILLIAM ELLERY,
WM. WILLIAMS,
GO. WYTHE,
ARTHUR MIDDLETON,
WM. FLOYD,
LYMAN HALL,
GEO. ROSS.
To the Hon. the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Vol. II.] 87
LResolutions of Continental Congress.]
In Congress, Sept. 25, 1776.
Resolved, That a committee of Congress, consisting of
one Delegate from each Stale, be appointed, with authority
to employ proper persons to purchase in their respective
States a sufficient number of blankets and woolens fit for
soldier's clothes, and that they take the most effectual and
speedy methods for getting such woolens made up and dis-
tributed among the regular Continental army in such pro-
portion as will best promote the public service, and that
they also purchase all other necessary clothing for the sol-
diers, in such proportion as they judge, upon the best in-
formation, will be wanted ; and that the said committee be
authorized to draw on the President of Congress for the
sums necessary to execute this business, they to be ac-
countable for the amount of their draughts and disburse-
ments.
The committee are, Mr. Bartlett, Mr. Paine, Mr. El-
lory, Mr. Williams, Mr. Floyd, Mr. Stockton, Mr. Ross,
Mr. McKean, Mr. Paca, Mr. Wythe, Mr. Hawes, Mr.
Middleton and Mr. Hall.
Extract from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
[Letter from John Hancock, Esqr.]
Philadelphia, Octr. 9th, 1776.
Gentlemen — The enclosed resolves, which I transmit
in obedience to the commands of Congress, will inform
you of the ample provision they have made for the sup-
port of both officer and soldier who shall enter into the
service during the war. The pay of the former is consi-
derably increased, and the latter is to receive annually a
complete suit of clothes, or, in lieu thereof, the sum of
twenty dollars, should he provide the suit for himself.
This additional encouragement, besides the twenty dollars
bounty and one hundred acres of land formerly granted,
the Congress expect will be the means of engaging the
troops to serve during the war. For this purpose also, I
am to request you will appoint a committee or committees
to repair immediately to the army, to induce such of the
troops as have been raised by your State, to enlist during
the war, and to appoint officers for the same.
The Congress, for very obvious reasons, are extremely
anxious to keep the army together. The dangerous con-
sequences of their breaking up, and the difficulty of form-
ing a new one, are inconceivable. Were this barrier once
removed, military power would quickly spread desolation
and ruin over the face of our country. The importance,
and indeed, the absolute necessity of filling up the army,
of providing for the troops, and engaging them to serve
during the war, is so apparent, and has been so frequenllv
urged, that I shall only request your attention to the re-
solves of Congress on this subject ; and beseech you, by
that love you have for your country, her rights and liber-
ties, to exert yourselves to carry thern speedily and effec-
tually into execution, as the only means of preserving her
in this her critical and alarming situation.
I have the honour to be.
Gentlemen,
Your most obed. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK,
Presidt.
P. S. The printed resolves, herewith enclosed, relative
to the establishing of loan offices in the respective States,
for the purpose of borrowing money on Continental secu-
rity, and the regulations with regard to the same, I beg
leave to recommend to your immediate notice and atten-
tion, and that you will lake the proper steps to comply
with them.
Honourable Convention of New- York.
346
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
[Letter to Samuel Ten Broeck.]
In Committee of Sakety, 'i
For the Stale of New- York, >
FishkilU, Oclr. mh, 1776. )
Sm — Yours of the 9lh and lOtli insl. liave been re-
ceived and laid before the Committee. They had some
days before been convinced that more effectual measures
were necessary to be taken for the safety of your district,
and had come into the enclosed resolutions, copies of wiiich
were sent forward on the 8th inst.
It is hoped, instead of the number of men you request,
the company ordered to be raised will be sufficient to an-
swer every purpose intended. In the meantime, I am di-
rected to assure you, that the Committee will afford you
every necessary assistance in their power.
I am, sir, &c.
Samuel Ten Bkoeck, Esqr.
[Letter from J. Sloss Hobart.]
Fairfield, October 7th, 1776.
Gentlemen — I wrote to Convention from the camp at
King's Bridge, giving an account of the progress I had
made in negociating the exchange of General Woodhull,
since which have received the melancholy intelligence of
his death. The wound in his arm mortified, the arm was
taken off, but the mortification still continued, and in a
few days put an end to that useful life. He was attended
in his dying moments by his lady, who was permitted to
remove the corpse to his seat, where it was interred about
the 23d ult. These particulars I have from Capt. Strong,
of Islip, by whose door the procession passed in its way
lo St. George's.
In a day or two after my arrival here. General Clinton
called upon me, by desire of General Washington, to at-
tend at a council of war, to be held at New-Haven, from
whence I returned not till Saturday evening. I shall una-
voidably be detained two or three weeks, in order to get
my family fixed for the winter; but in the meantime shall
send Ketchum to the Fishkills as soon as a guard can be
procured ; at present, every one is employed in forward-
ing the militia from New-Hampshire and Massachusetts,
who are marching, to the number of near 6,000, to join
the grand army.
By some late accounts from Long island, I learn that
200 infantry and 100 cavalry were at Huntington, in order
to force the people who had been in our army to join the
British troops. This measure will drive the people to de-
speration, and if it can be accomplished, most of them
will quit the country. I hope General Washington will
attempt to assist them in it ; much has already been done
by Lieut. Colo. Livingston, who, with the zeal and activity
of an excellent officer, has greatly assisted the people at
the east end of the island in removing their families and
effects ; but many of them can not bring the means of
support with them ; which will occasion great difficulties.
Should a number more, under the same circumstances,
come over, it will be too great a charge upon the charity
of individuals in this State. The provision made by Con-
vention is inadequate to the purpose of maintaining the in-
digent from the island, even supposing they were to re-
move into our own State ; for, certificates of indigency,
from the chairmen of committees, being necessary to en-
title to maintenance, such can not be had, for as soon as
the necessity of removing took place, the committees uni-
versally declined acting ; so that the resolve, intended for
their relief, becomes of no effect, and they would fail of
the intended relief in any part of New-York but here,
where the purity of intention wherewith the Convention
was actuated is not known. If the resolve stands in its
present form, I fear it will be construed into a design to
delude both the refugees and the persons who shall enter-
tain them. Some further regulations are necessary, if any
thing is intended to be done for those unhappy sufferers.
The Assembly of this State are to sit in a few days, at
New-Haven, and I trust will, upon application, give all
the assistance we can reasonably ask. I hope Convention
will not think me impertinently troublesome upon tins sub-
ject ; my heart aches at every pore, when I consider the
deplorable situation to which the people whom I have the
honour to represent are reduced ; a people who, without
boasting, were as warmly attached lo the common cause,
and who as cheerfully obeyed the orders of Convention, as
any in the State. Upon the retreat of the army from the
island, they viewed themselves as abandoned by the Con-
vention ; and expecting the enemy hourly among them, a
general removal appeared impracticable; besides, to quit
their pleasant habitations, and throw themselves, with
their tender connections, upon the charity of an unknown
world, was a degree of apathy to which they had not yet
arrived. In a fit of despair, they laid down their arms,
and made an unconditional submission to what they sup-
posed the conquering army. The people at large being
thus brought to terms, they found it less difficult, by
threats, to induce the individuals who had formerly held
commissions under the crown of Great Britain, to resume
the execution of their offices ; being once led into the
snare, every measure tended to draw the net closer about
them ; notwithstanding which, I am, from the best autho-
rity, informed that they are accused by Mr. Tryon and his
minions, of having submitted only the better to cover their
intention of removing ; and that unless the young men do
voluntarily take up arms against their country, an invete-
rate and disappointed soldiery will be let loose upon them.
These considerations induce me earnestly to wish that
some measures may be taken to induce the people to quit
the island, by offering a support to those who can not
maintain themselves ; the aged and infirm must be main-
tained at the public expense ; a regiment of Long island
refugees, would provide a support for many of the young
men. Should the Convention adopt the idea, there are
many officers in General Scott's brigade, who, together
with some of Colo. Smith's regiment, now on this side,
would make an exceeding good corps.
Should General Washington send a body of troops on
to the island, it will be necessary to destroy every thing
that would be of service to the enemy, to prevent its fall-
ing into their hands. I beg leave to submit, whether it
will not be proper to hold out the prospect of compensa-
tion in order to induce the people the more cheerfully to
assist in destroying their own property.
Give me leave, before I conclude this long letter, to
suggest the propriety of filling up the two vacant re-
giments, (late McDougall's and Clinton's;) your officers,
by the delay, will lose the opportunity of rising so fast in
the Continental army as those of the other Stales. There
is some little uneasiness in the first regiment on the sub-
ject of rank ; that matter may now be accommodated to
general satisfaction.
I have the honour to be.
With the greatest respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humb. servt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
To the Honourable the Convention of Ne-vr-York.
[Letter to the commanding officers of Fairfield and Litchfield.]
FUhkill, Oct. llth, 1776.
Sir — Three of the enemy's ships of war having passed
our fortifications, near King's Bridge, and proceeded up
Hudson's river to within a few miles of the Highlands,
and from the number of disaffected persons in this and
Westchester county, we have reason to apprehend ihey
meditate the landing some troops in this neighbourhood,
and by that means give those deluded wretches an oppor-
tunity of joining them, and thereby forming a body supe-
rior to the few well affected militia, who are not drafted
into the service.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
347
The zealous attachment of your militia to the common
cause of America, and the readiness with which they
stepped forth to the assistance of this State, when called
upon, on a late occasion, renders any arguments unneces-
sary to induce them to hold themselves in readiness to
come to our aid on the shortest notice, when requested.
[Letter to General Washington.]
Fishkill, 20th October, 1776.
Sir — We received from Mr. Tilghman an account of
the enemy's ships having gone up the river, and have de-
spatched expresses to Genl. Schuyler and Genl. Chnton,
agreeable to your Excellency's request.
Nothing can be more alarming than the present situa-
tion of our State. We are daily getting the most authentic
intelligence of bodies of men enlisted and armed, in order
to assist the enemy. We much fear that those cooperating
with the enemy may seize such passes as will cut off all
communication between the army and us, and prevent your
supphes. We dare not trust any more of the militia out
of this county. We have called for some aid from the two
adjoining ones, but beg leave to suggest to your Excellen-
cy the propriety of sending a body of men to the High-
lands, or Peekskill, to secure the passes, prevent insur-
rections, and overawe the disaffected.
We suppose your Excellency has taken the necessary
steps to prevent the landing of any men from the ships,
should they be so inclined, as no reliance can be placed on
the militia of Westchester county.
[Resolution communicated to Governor Trumbull."]
Resolved, That letters be written to the commanding
officer of the counties of Fairfield and Litchfield, in the
State of Connecticut, informing him of the reasons we have
to apprehend insurrections in this State, if the measures of
the disaffected should be seconded by the enemy, who are
now in Hudson's river, and requesting that he will hold
the militia in readiness to lend us every necessary assis-
tance, in case of such an event.
Resolved, That a copy of the above resolution be sent
to His Excellency Governor Trumbull, and that he be re-
quested to order the same to be carried into effect.
[Letter to Gen. Schuyler and Gen. Clinton.]
Fishkill, October 10th, 1776.
""Sir — I am directed by the Committee of Safety of this
State, to inform your Excellency that yesterday three of
the enemy's frigates passed the obstructions opposite Mount
Washington, and got up Hudson's river ; that we have
made, from lime to time, such large drafts from the militia
of the four counties adjoining that river, that the remaining
well affected are reduced to a small number ; and most of
the disaffected in this State are on the east side of Hud-
son's river. A committee specially appointed for the pur-
pose, by the Convention of this State, are sitting daily to
frustrate their machinations, and several who had enlisted
or engaged to enlist with the enemy, have been discovered,
apprehended, and are sent to the westward. Many per-
haps remain undiscovered. Should the enemy and the
disaffected be able to concert measures, so as to form a
junction of the latter with a party from on board the ships
in the river, the Committee of Safely are apprehensive of
the want of a very speedy assistance, without a diminution
of the main army, and have, therefore, taken the liberty to
despatch a copy of the enclosed resolution to each of the
counties therein mentioned, and have directed mc to re-
quest that your Excellency would be pleased to give such
directions as, in case of necessity, may afford the most
speedy succour.
I have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect.
[Letter from Honourable John Hancock.]
Philadelphia, Sept. 21th, 1776.
Sir — I have the honour to enclose you sundry resolves,
which are so explicit that I need only request your atten-
tion to them.
You will perceive that Congress have come to a deter-
mination to augment our army to eighty-eight battalions,
and to engage the troops to serve during the continuance
of the war, being thoroughly convinced, by repeated in-
stances, that the short and limited enHstment of troops has
been the source of much mischief to the service. In order
that these troops may be better disciplined, the Congress
have abolished the system of rules and articles for the go-
vernment of the army, which they at first instituted, and
have adopted a new one, sundry copies of which I enclose
you.
It is also their determination that the strictest discipline
should be kept up in the army : that the soldiers should be
daily trained and practised in their different manoeuvres.
An attention to these things, you will observe by the en-
closed resolves, will be the likeliest way to obtain promo-
tion, and will be the surest recommendation to their notice.
The committee of Congress to confer with you on the
state of the army, &c. will set out to-morrow, or next day,
for Ticonderoga ; to them I beg leave to refer you, and
am, with every sentiment of esteem and regard, sir,
Your most obedient and
Very hble. servant,
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Genl. ScHtryLER.
P. S. The attention of Congress has been so much
taken up by our affairs at New- York, that I have not time
to reply to your several letters, but hope I shall have lei-
sure to do it by the next conveyance, and that Congress
will soon determine on the subject of them. They are
now in the hands of a special committee.
[Resolutions in Congress in relation to General Schuyler.]
In Congress, September 25, 1776.
Resolved, That Mr. Mease be directed to send imme-
diately to General Gales all the white shirts, shoes and
stockings he now has in his possession and which are un-
appropriated, for the use of the northern army ; and that
he use the utmost diligence in buying, collecting and get-
ting made immediately as many more of those articles as
possible, making weekly reports to Congress of what he
obtains.
That General Schuyler, or the commanding officer at
Albany, be desired to employ proper persons immediately,
to make up into soldiers' clothes the woolens mentioned by
General Schuyler, and transmit the same without delay to
the General commanding the northern army, for the use
of such of the troops in that army as have enlisted for
three years, or will enlist during the war.
That Richard Varick, (late captain in Colonel McDou-
gall's regiment, which office he has resigned) secretary to
the Honourable Major-General Schuyler, be appointed
Deputy Muster-Master-General to the nortliern army, and
that Major Henry Brockholst Livingston, aid-dc-camp to
General Schuyler, be provided for by Congress in a sta-
tion equal to his merit, when a proper vacancy happens ;
he being recommended by the General as a very deserving
officer.
Mr. Stockden and Mr. Clymer, appointed a committee
to proceed to Ticonderoga to confer with General Gales
with respect to the army under his command, agreeable to
instructions given said committee by Congress.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
(Copy.)
Jno. Lansing, Juur. Acting Secy, to
Major-General Schuyler.
348
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
[Letter from Ph. Schuyler, £sqr. to Abm. Yates, Esqr.]
Albany, October 7, 1776.
Sir — On Saturday last I received sundry despatches
from Philadelphia, copy of Mr. Hancock's letter, and of
the resolutions of Congress of the 25th ult. which I do my-
self the honour to lay before the Convention. By the con-
tents of the former, it would appear as if Congress still
considered me as commanding in this department, and
correspondent to this idea was the direction of the letter ;
if so, nothing could be more insulting than that commis-
sioners should be sent to confer with any officer under my
command, with respect to the army in this department, or
any part of it. This treatment would fully justify me if I
forbore every act as Commander-in-Chief of this depart-
ment ; yet, the principles which induced me to accept the
command on which I have acted whilst in it, and which I
trust will mark every action of my life, will not permit me
to forbear acting until matters are put into such a proper
train by Congress as that no detriment may accrue to my
country. Of this I have advised Congress, and signified
my wish that I may be speedily relieved.
Convention will perceive by the postscript to Mr. Han-
cock's letter, that Congress has referred an inquiry into
my affairs to a special committee. Although I have tiie
fullest confidence m the propriety of every part of my con-
duct, and in the honour of the gentlemen who compose the
committee, yet things may appear in a quite different point
of view from what they really are to persons uninformed
of causes and facts, which perhaps none but myself can
suggest. I have therefore entreated Congress to suspend
their judgment until I shall have had an opportunity given
me of being heard ; a request so reasonable that I hope it
will not be refused me ; but if it is, I must, in justification
of my conduct, publish my letters to Congress, with their
answers, whatever may be the consequences, for I can not
sacrifice my honour to any consideration whatever.
By the resolutions of Congress to enlist eighty-eight
battalions during the war, I perceive that this State is to
raise four of them. The Convention will pardon my pre-
sumption in venturing a thought on the subject.
By the resolutions of Congress, the soldiers are to pay
for their clothing, the price of which is now so excessively
high that I fear that condition will greatly impede the le-
vies. Perhaps it would be best to determine the several
articles of clothing that should be given to each soldier,
and ascertain what stoppages he should be put under for
it ; but these, I think, ought very little to exceed the price
that clothing was sold at before the present troubles arose.
This, with the bounty offered and paid immediately, I be-
lieve would induce men to engage with alacrity. That
State which is foremost in publishing their terms, and in
appointing recruiting officers in both armies to enlist men,
I conceive will meet with the least difficulty in doing it.
I should imagine that many of the New- Jersey and Penn-
sylvania soldiers, whose terms of enlistment expire on the
last of this month, would reengage.
I am, sir, respectfully,
Your most obedt. humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Abraham Yates, Esq. President, &c.
[Letter to Brigadier-General Morris.]
October^, 1776.
Sir — The Convention have directed me to inform you,
that they were extremely sorry for the necessity that first
obliged them to request your immediate return to your
brigade, since they hoped that no mihtary officer would
choose to be absent when his country was invaded. They
are willing to acknowledge the force of those reasons for
delaying your return, which are derived from the particular
situation of your family. These, they hope, by their safety
and security have long since ceased to operate. They now
flatter themselves that it will be unnecessary to remind you
of the superior ties which bind every man to his country,
more particularly those whom the Slate have vested with
the highest honour. The Indian affairs of the middle de-
partment shall be under the consideration of Congress ; yet
they hope your attendance may be dispensed with, as the
Congress have it in contemplation to call upon the other
commissioners, without injuring the public so materially as
by detaining a military officer from his station.
The Convention cannot but hope that you have been de-
ceived in your belief, that your brigade is reduced to less
than a colonel's command ; though the loud and well-
founded complaints of the county of Westchester has given
them reason to fear that it has suffered by your absence.
They are pleased to hear that you have laid aside your
design of offering your personal services to General Wash-
ington, since they cannot conceive that a general officer
can with dignity act as a volunteer, when the troops under
his command are like to be called into action.
Upon the whole, sir, they have directed me to inform
you, that they expect your immediate attendance on the
duties of your department.
I am, sir, &c.
To Brigadier-General Morris.
[Lt. Col. Gilbert Drak's warrant to Capt. Joseph Orsburn.]
Third Regiment, Westchester county Brigade.
To Capt. Joseph Orsburn :
You are hereby required to send Major Joseph
Strang ten men out of your company, and from time to
time to furnish him with such number of men as he shall
require, for mending the post road from the south line of
Dutchess county to King's Bridge, (and they designed
none other purpose,) agreeable to a resolve of the Conven-
tion of this State, and they to receeive four pounds per
month.
Given under my hand and seal this 16th of October,
1776.
GILBT. DRAK, Lieut. Col.
Peekskill, October llth, 1776.
Gentlemen — When I left you last evening I went to
Van Wikes, and finding that Col. Cortland was gone, and
the night near at hand, I went back to my lodgings, and
set off early this morning. Depending that Col. Cortland
had orders to stop the troops, and some directions what to
do with them when here ; I arrived here about 11 o'clock,
found the colonel at his farm, without so much as the re-
solve of the Convention, or orders to stop the troops. He
expected Mr. Duer to have brought them with him, and
therefore did not attend to them so much as he otherwise
would have done. It seems however that the troops are
mainly gone forward, but for what purpose I do not know ;
if they are intended for quelling the tones, they are much
wanted here. Many men from Crolon river are gone on
board the men of war. Col. Cortland knows of 12. They
have taken many cattle on board. Mr. Gilbert Cortland
went to the commanding officer at Tarrytown, who told
him that he would have sent men to guard the shores, but
could not do it, as he had no orders. The shores are
without guards from Tarrytown to this place. If part of
the troops are to be sent back I believe they had best be
sent by water, as the men are much fatigued. I beg you
to send the resolves of Congress as to our appointment, and
the commissaries to provide for the troops. A httle to the
northward of this place is a very narrow pass, with a very
high hill by the side, from which stones might be thrown
to great advantage, if the enemy should appear there.
I am, gentlemen, vour humble servt.
" HENRY WISNER.
To Peter R. Livingston, Esqr. President of Convention.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c,
349
[Letter from Col. B. Livingston.]
Saybrook, 16th Oct. 1776.
Gentlemen — I send you by this conveyance the parols
of Colonel Fanning, Major Conkling and George Howell,
inhabitants of Long island, who have been generally
thought disaffected to the freedom of this country, but
profess themselves friendly. Colonel Fanning was appre-
hended for assisting in procuring and driving cattle for the
subsistence of General Howe's army on Long island ; he
has also as colonel, acted by virtue of an old commission
from George the Third King of Great Britain, in calling the
people of Southold together to see whether they would
take the oath of allegiance, as he expresses it in an in-
tercepted order that I had in possession, but some where
or other mislaid, or I should send it for your perusal, being
in concert with Colo. Mclntash entrusted with an expedi-
tion to Long island. I thought it improper he should re-
main there without any restraint, as he is a man of influ-
ence and might in some measure contribute to render abor-
tive our plan. Major Conkling was also taken at the same
time by a party of my men sent for that purpose, he hav-
ing long lain under the imputation of being unfriendly to
our interests. George Howell was under the like con-
straint for the same reason.
I remain, gentleman, with all imaginable respect.
Your most obt. humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, L. Col
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Tench TUghman, to William Duer, Esq.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Harlem Heights, Oct. 16th, 1776. i
Dear Sir — I have yours of the 14th which is princi-
pally taken up with pointing out the necessity of se-
curing a proper place of retreat beyond the Highlands,
should any accident befal the army. I cannot speak posi-
tively, but I am inclined to think, the expediency of such
a measure is in dehberation before a council of war held
this day at King's Bridge. I know some of our ablest heads
are clearly for it. From every appearance, and from the
information of deserters, the main body of the army is
above us ; one of the deserters, a good sensible fellow, says
a man of war lies at the Hook, ready to sail with the
news of the issue of their move to Frogs Point. It will
seem very strange to the people of England, that nothing
decisive has been effected by a fleet and army superior to
any thing they employed last war. Something must be at-
tempted to satisfy them, for bad news will be more tolera-
ble than a state of suspense. If your information has been
true, to-morrow will be a day that either gives liberty or
goes a great way towards enslaving America. I hope every
man who values the first, or fears the last, will behave as
lie ought to do. It will give me the greatest pleasure to
make you a favourable report.
I am, dear sir, sincerely yours.
TENCHTILGHMAN.
William Duer, Esq.
[Letter from J. Landon, to E. Thompson.]
Fishkill, Oct. 16th, 1776.
Sir — The committee for employing people to explore
mines, &c. of which I am a member, have entered into a
contract with McDonald to make a farther trial of the lead
mines ; the contract he will shew you. You will do well
to come down here and inform the committee what lead is
in your hands, with your account, that it may be settled,
and to give your advice and opinion respecting the mine
to the committee. I am very desirous you would be good
enough to attend as soon as possible you can, as it will be
necessary to have somebody on the spot to have an eye to
the business. If it is practicable for you to attend, do not
fail. You are likewise to be at the trouble to measure the
[Vol. II.] 8y
depth of the pit as Mr. McDonald left it, as he is now to
be paid by the fathom.
I am, your very humble servt.
JONTH. LANDON.
Mr. E. Thompson.
October 22d, 1776.
According to orders, I have measured 24 feet length, con-
taining 6 feet depth, being the present state of the lead
mine in the Great Nine Partners. The weight of lead ore
now on hand 1646lbs.
* EZRA THOMPSON.
[Letter from Major-General Schuyler.]
Jlbany, Oct. 12th, 1776.
Sir — Since I wrote you on Monday last, I have been
confined to my bed by very severe rheumatic pains,
which attacked me in the head and stomach, and although
I am very unfit to write on any subject which requires
much reflection, yet as no time is to be lost in raising the
new army, I shall venture to give you a few hints.
I need not with gentlemen urge the necessity of discip-
line and subordination in an army, nor need I point out the
variety of evils an army without them are incident to ; these
I doubt not must occur to every person who has seen dis-
ciplined and undiscipHned troops as those of the Ameri-
can States are ; in some measure to remedy which, and in-
troduce order I would propose,
1st. That all recruiting officers should have orders not
to enlist men for any particular company or regiment, but
engage them for any of the regiments of this State, to be
disposed of as Convention should direct.
2nd. That drilhng officers should be stationed at Albany
or any other convenient place, to whom every recruiting
officer should without delay send his recruits as fast as he
gains them.
3d. That the drilling officer keep the recruits at constant
exercise.
4th. That the men should be so disposed of, as to be
commanded by officers whose usual residence is most re-
mote from the men's.
5th. Every recruiting officer to take the age, size, com-
plexion, colour of hair and eyes and natural or artificial
marks of every recruit, with an account of the place of his
birth and occupation.
In order speedily to raise the men, I would propose that
recruiting officers should be immediately sent into both
armies, furnished with money to pay the bounty, a premi-
um to the officer who shall enlist most men, and a certain
allowance to each man enlisted.
As clothing is at present so high that it takes almost a
year's pay completely to clothe a soldier in the manner he
ought to be, would it not be well if the State was to pay
the diflcrence between a moderate price and tlie present
excessive high price, and let the soldiers be only put under
stoppage for the first ; thus to determine the price of tlie
clothing which I think should be uniform, and consist of
1 hat, 2 shirts, 2 rollers, 1 pair of woolen breeches, 2 pair
stockings, 1 pair shoes, 1 pair gaiters, 1 pair buckles, a
coat and waistcoat. What other necessaries they may
at any lime want, to be ordered by the colonel, with the
advice of his licut. colonel, major and captain, or a ma-
jority of them, and the men put under stoppages for it.
The rank of officers in Col. Van Schaick's and Col.
Nicholson's stands in the order in which they are in the
enclosed roll. The rank of Col. Wynkoop's has never
been sent me ; I do not know if Congress has fi.\ed it.
Three regiments from Pennsylvania and New Jersey,
will leave Tycondcroga by the first of next month ; I be-
lieve many of those coidd be recruited.
As the Convention may not be able to procure clothing,
it may be asked, how they can determine the price ? Con-
350 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
gress have taken measures to supply clothing ; a good
deal is collected here by my order and now making up.
This is to be delivered to any soldiers that will engage in
the new army ; an account is kept of the expense, and Con-
vention can pay the difl'erence into the pay office here or
stand charged with it in account with Congress. The re-
cruiting officers can be supplied with the bounty money
out of the military chest here.
I am, sir, most respectfully,
Your most obedt. humb. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Robert Yates, Esq. and the gentlemen of
the Committee of Convention, &c.
[Letter from the Committee of Safety to the New- York Delegates in
Congress, at Philadelphia.]
Fishkill, October the llth, 1776.
Gentlemen — The Convention pleased themselves with
the expectation of receiving 100,000 dollars, advanced by
the Honourable Continental Congress to this State, by the
3d instant, agreeable to your favour of the 20th ult. Such
is the state of our finances, and of the public claims, that
we severely feel a disappointment for which we are unable
to account.
The Committee of Safety have therefore resolved to
despatch their deputy-treasurer, Mr. Bancker, accompa-
nied by Colo. Birdsall, to receive and conduct the money
to this place with all possible expedition ; and I am direct-
ed to request you to give them all the despatch in your
power. The enclosed resolution of the Committee of
Safety, will sufficiently authorize the gentlemen to trans-
act this business.
I am, with great respect, gentlemen,
Your most obedient servant,
PETER R. LIVINGSTON,
President.
The Honble. the New- York Delegates
at Continental Congress.
In Committee of Safety for the State of New- York, 7
Fishkill, October nth, 1776. J
Resolved and Ordered, That Mr. Gerard Bancker, the
deputy-treasurer of this State, proceed to Philadelphia
and apply to the Delegates of this State to receive the
money lately voted to this Convention by Congress. That
Mr. Bancker's receipt shall be a sufficient discharge for
such sum as he may receive on account of this State in
pursuance of this order. That Mr. Bancker take to his
assistance Colo. Birdsall, and that he be and is hereby au-
thorized, from time to time, to procure any other guard
or further assistance he shall think necessary for the safe
conveyance of the said money to the treasury of this State.
Extract from the minutes.
JOHN McKESSON, Secry.
[Letter from Comfort Sands, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, October llih, 1776.
Sir — Some days ago I applied to the Convention to fix
the allowance for Col. Palmer and Col. NicoU's services
for superintending the transportation of the cannon. I vpas
told by the secretary that the Convention considered them
as members in their service, and as such, they would of
course be paid by the county. That they had agreed to
allow them 10s. per day for extra services. Col. Palmer
is now here in order to settle that account ; I told him the
resolution of the Convention. He answered, that he had
not charged the county for the time he was in that service,
and that he thought it would be unjust to charge the coun-
ty for services done the Continent.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, A:c.
I beg your direction how I must settle this matter, and
am, sir,
Your very humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Peter R. Livingston, Esqr.
President of the Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Peter Schuyler, at Fort Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, Oct. 10th, 1776.
Sir — In consequence of yours, just come to hand, I
have made the most diligent inquiry I could obtain. This
morning a number of vessels arrived here from the bridge,
by all which, I am informed that yesterday morning three
men of war, one of them a large one, and three or four
tenders, passed our chevaux-de-frise, which report is
confirmed in a more particular manner by Capt. Grindle,
who says that one man of war and two frigates passed the
works close under the east shore, drove the two new
ships ashore just below Philips's, and chased two of our
row gallies until they were forced ashore between Dobb's
ferry and Tarry Town, at or near which town, the ships
of war came to, and kept a constant fire for about one
hour at our row gallies, and suppose them destroyed.
I remain yours,
PETER SCHUYLER.
To Peter R. Livingston,
President Provincial Congress, Fishkills.
[Letter from Brigadier-General Jas. Clinton, at Fort Montgomery.]
Fort Montgomery, Oct. Uth, 1776.
Gentlemen — As the officers in the 2d New- York have
never received their commissions, I have sent Lieutenant
Smith for them agreeable to a list I formerly gave to Mr.
McKesson, secretary. I know of no alteration to be
made, except that Gilbert Livingston is appointed ensign
in Capt. Swartwout's company, in the room of Mr. Finch,
who resigned. His commission ought to bear date the
first of September last. If you approve of the young
man, I believe he is deserving of the same.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl
To the President of the Pro\-incial
Congress of the State of New- York.
[Letter from General Scott.]
Camp near King's Bridge, 10th Ocir. 1776.
Sir — Mr. Thomas Lawrence, the bearer hereof, is in
deep distress on account of the situation of his family,
which he was obliged by his precipitate flight, to leave on
Long island. He is known to me, and I suppose to others
in Convention, to be a friend to American liberty. The
design of this application to Congress, is to procure a
sanction from them for visiting his family without having
his character hereafter subject to doubtful construction.
He is best able to explain his particular views ; and the
Convention the best judges of what is expedient in the
case. The design of this letter is merely to state his cha-
racter in a just point of light. No news worth communi-
cating.
I am, sir, with all imaginable respect.
Your and the Honourable Convention's
Most obedt. servant.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
To the Honourable the President of the
Convention of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
351
[Letter from Duncan Campbell.]
^rgyle, Deer. 12th, 1777.
Sir — Some fiery men openly declare that they will drive
off all the Scots and Irish as lories from Argyle and New
Perth, so that unless the good Legislature interposes and
help, then Canada and the depths of poverty will be our
final doom.
Let me, sir, beg your favouring of our petitions ; you
know the dispositions of those towns will do no service to
the good cause of bleeding America. Nor can they be
called good friends to it who abet anarchy and cruelty to un-
fortunate men. Now is the time for every honest man
with spirit to rise up and maintain the good cause of
America, and to support the Honourable Legislature of
this State against all the promoters of anarchy. Wishing
you all possible felicity, I rest, dear sir,
Yours at command.
DUNCAN CAMPBELL.
To John McKesson, Esq. Secretary
in and for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Jno. Younglove.]
Cambridge, December the 2d, 1777.
Dear Sir — I make bold to trouble your Honours for the
sake of information. Just before the Bennington fight the
enemy came through the northern department of this coun-
ty and stopped at Walloomsac, snd sent out word to the
inhabitants that did not move, to come and join them, which
they did in great numbers ; and the most of them took
their arms, and many fought against us. Some of them I
have no reason to think that had any design to harm the
country ; others I believe joined them gladly. Some of
them we took in battle, and they were sent to the Fleet
Prison, and being in such trouble at that time sent no evi-
dence against them ; and since that they have been sent
home to the great dissatisfaction of the friends of liberty.
Some of whom are the worst of villains, others not quite
so bad ; others again, as soon as the battle went against
them, ran off to their homes. Now, sir, I pray that you
would inform me whether those or any part of them has
forfeited their estates, and whether I must make sale of
them by virtue of the resolutions of sequestration ; and how
the families of those that has forfeited shall be supported.
There is some children that has neither father nor mother
to provide for them. There is likewise many poor peo-
ple that has suffered so much in their late moving from
and to home, that they are not able to get bread, and it is
thought that they should be helped by the public. If your
Honourable House should be of that mind, I can inform
you that there is a considerable quantity of grain that is
forfeited in these parts.
There is likewise another set of men that took protec-
tion and then went home to their work ; we want to know
what to do with them, and concerning their estates. There
is likewise a set of them that has been with Burgoyne
through the campaign ; and just before the capitulation ran
from him and came home, and now arc devouring the pro-
visions that the friends suffer for ; and the populace is de-
termined to drive them off or kill them. If something is
not speedily done with them, we fear the consequence, if
they are left amongst us.
Some of the first mentioned men formerly behaved well,
some very bad.
Your answer to me by the bearer, Abram Lake, will
much obhge
Your humble servant,
JNO. YOUNGLOVE,
Commissioner of sequestration for the iiorthern
department of the county of Albany.
To the President of the Council of
Safety for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Col. H. B. Livingston.]
Camp near Valley Forge, Dec. 25th, 1777.
May it please your Excellency —
Not only my duty but humanity itself obliges me to
lay before you the distressed situation of the 4th New-
York regiment under my command.
Wholly destitute of clothing, the men and officers are now
perishing in the field at this season of the year, and that
at a time when the troops of almost every other Stale are
receiving supplies of every thing necessary and comforta-
table. Circumstances so discouraging to the troops, that
if not soon remedied, must end in a dissolution of the regi-
ment, and thereby affect the Continent at large, but more
particularly the Stale of New- York.
I am sensible that much has been said with respect to
our not having paid for the surplus of clothing already re-
ceived by the regiment ; but this your Excellency must
not attribute to any neglect on our parts, for though the
continual movements of the regiment has prevented the
officer from coming to a settlement with the paymaster,
your Excellency may be assured the money has long been
in his hands, more than sufficient to answer the demands
of the State against the regiment.
When your Excellency has maturely considered these
matters, I have no doubt you will take such measures that
the troops of the Slate of New-York will no longer be
ashamed to appear in the field with those of the other
States.
I doubt not your Excellency will excuse the liberty I
now take, and believe me, with great respect.
Your Excellency's most obedient humble servant.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
To His Excellency Governor Clinton.
[Letter from the Committee ot Albany.]
Albany Committee Chamber, )
29th December, 1777. 5
HoND. Sir — A great quantity of wheat is raised in this
and Tryon county, and the season is now at hand in which
the farmers transport and dispose of the same. This com-
mittee would beg leave to request the Council of Safety to
pass a law to remedy an evil, which if not speedily attend-
ed to, will produce the most serious consequences. We
are informed that many disaffected persons in order to rea-
lize large sums of money they have easily and in a short
time collected, do purchase quantities of wheat at what
price the farmer pleases to ask ; and intend having it near
the river, perhaps with a view to supply the enemy should
they penetrate up the river in the spring, which the disaf-
fected in general are ready to conjecture ; and should this
not be the case, they still have an opporlimily of disposing
of the same to the commissary of purchases, or others who
may stand in need of the same, to advantage. There are
many others who intend purchasing of grain in order to
make money, and with no other view ; consequently interest
IS their only object. We are informed large contracts are
inade for wheat in Claverack and Kinderhook at 2^s. 6d.
per bushel. Those monopolizers in a short time will, we
dare say, raise it to forty shillings per bushel ; the poor
whose crops have been destroyed, can with difficulty pur-
chase bread to subsist on ; the citizens begin to be alarm-
ed ; the reason is obvious — since so many will purchase the
whole the farmer has, of course he will not sell by the sin-
gle bushel, nor dare he venture to ask the price those peo-
ple will give him from the poor. The commissary of pur-
chases is apprehensive that many inconvienccs will arise in
his deferring purchasing, fearing those forcstallers will en-
gage so great a quantity that the army may suffer through
his neglect. On the other hand, should his deputies begin
to purchase at a certain price, he is apprehensive a higher
will be given by others, which will oblige him to pay the
852
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
same ; this evil may, and it is probable will continue until
the price becomes enormous. The poor, who must buy,
seeing the public give such high prices will clamour loud-
ly, and not without reason. The luxuries of life are be-
come extremely dear, and many of the necessaries ; these
are arguments sufficient to induce those who have wheat
to sell, to ask enormous prices for the same. Public vir-
tue has too much given place to private interest; and we
are well assured, without some salutary mode is soon adopt-
ed, the poor of this county will suffer much for the want
of bread ; a want that can not be dispensed with, and the
public will be much imposed upon. We would, therefore,
wish the Council would take this matter into immediate
consideration, and transmit us their advice and direction by
the bearer, who goes for the express purpose, and will wait
their answer.
We are, bond, sir, with great respect,
Your very humble servts.
By order.
MAT. VISSCHER, Seaj.
To the President of the
Council of Safely.
[Letter from Robt. R. Livingston, Esqr.l
Salisbury, mh Oct. 1777.
Sir — 1 thought it improper when the enemy came up
the river to leave this side of the water, which was unfor-
tunate, in wanting both yours and the Governor's direction.
1 therefore remained with the militia till tlie enemy left us.
I am just now arrived at this place in order to inquire in-
to the situation of my family, which has hitherto been left
to shift for themselves. I am, therefore, unacquainted
with the measures adopted by Council, but doubt not that
they are such as are best suited to the present distressing
occasion. The Council will, I flatter myself, pardon the
liberty I take in offering a few hints which they may pro-
bably work up into something useful to the public. As the
enemy have in their late ravages, affected to distinguish
between their friends and those who are attached to our
cause, the most affectual way to prevent future depreda-
tions, will be to make the burden fall where they did not
intend it, and apprize the enemy of your resolutions for
that purpose by a flag or otherwise. In order to carry this
into execution, an inquest should be taken in each county
of the damage done, as well as of all tory property ; by
which I mean the property of people who have either join-
ed the enemy or refused to take the oath to us, by a ge-
neral assessment, upon which the loss should be repaid.
Congress should be pressed to make retaliation ; we have
too long contented ourselves with unavailing threats. My
sentiments on that subject are contained in the enclosed
draft of a letter to Congress, which I do myself the honour
to lay before the Council for their approbation. If they
should think proper to adopt it, they will despatch it with-
out delay to our Delegates ; leaving it to their discretion
to present it or not, after having felt the pulses of the mem-
bers on the subject.
Would it not be proper, sir, to order some cannon to be
cast at this furnace before it is out of blast, for the defence
of the river, in order that there may be no delay in fortify-
ing in the winter ? It being clear to me that your only se-
curity next summer, will be to throw up works as soon as
possible above Fort Montgomery ; for I have no great hopes
of retaking it, considering how defensible it may be made,
and the number of troops the enemy can spare to garrison
it.
I am, sir.
With the greatest regard and respect.
Your most obt. hum. servt.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON.
To the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
[Gov. Clinton's Proclamation.]
By His Excellency George Clinton, Esquire, Governor
of the State of New- York, General and Cornrnander-
in- Chief of all the militia, and Admiral of the Navy of
the same.
A PROCLAMATION.
The Honourable the Congress, having by sundry reso-
lutions, recommended several important matters to the con-
sideration of the Legislatures of the different States. The
Senate and Assembly of this Stale, are therefore, hereby
required to meet at Poughkeepsie, in Dulchess counly, on
Monday, the fifth day of January nexi, to proceed on busi-
ness ; of which all the good people of the State are to take
notice, and govern themselves accordingly.
Given under my hand and seal at arms, at Poughkeepsie
aforesaid, the fifteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven.
GEORGE CLINTON.
God save the People.
[Letter from Ezr. Williams, dated at Wethersfield.]
Wethersfield, December 10th, 1777.
HoND. Sir — Mr. Pemberton, who was sent from Kings-
town in your Stale, with a large number of other prisoners,
under the care of Mr. Canline, was permitted to go to
Preston, about fifty miles eastward, in lliis Stale, on pa-
rol, was permitted by Esqr. Halsey, the gentleman to
whose particular care he was committed, to return to me
with the enclosed letter, and in every respect, so far as I
can discern, has behaved himself well ; and considering
his distressed situation, and the anxiety of his mind on
account of his habitation being destroyed by the enemy
at Kingstown, and his family dispersed, he knows not
where. I have, on his giving bond to repair with all con-
venient speed to your Assembly or Council of Safety, and
abide their judgment and deliberation concerning him, or
return to me within four weeks, permitted him to go home;
which conduct of mine, if disapproved by you, shall be
more carefully guarded for the future. I have also per-
mitted Samuel Verry, of Slephenstown, in the county of
Albany, and WiHiam Moffat, two other prisoners, who
appear to be honest men, on their bonds and parols, to re-
turn on the like conditions. Sundry others, on recom-
mendation from the committees of the towns to which
they belonged, I have permitted to go home ; and indeed,
I see not how it will be possible for me, consistent with
common humanity, to keep many of them here much longer,
as I know not how to supply them with provisions, having
received from you only about 14 barrels of flour, and no
other provisions to be had but what I have received from
the commissary, &c. for prisoners of war, which I have
no way to account for but by your help, and many of them
almost wholly destitute of absolutely necessary clothing,
and most without blankets, and many of them taken up by
scouting parties from our army above Albany, and some
by persons who they think were disposed through some
prejudice to do them injury, when they were perhaps
more innocent than themselves ; and having had no oppor-
tunity to be heard and answer for their conduct, they think
it extremely hard and cruel, and that even the extraordi-
nary time can not justify such treatment. Should be ex-
tremely glad, and do think that justice requires, that as
soon as possible your affairs can be put in such a situation
as to attend on those matters, they might not be forgotten ;
hoped before this time, to have had some answer to my
letter, and information of the crimes for winch they sland
accused, so as to have been able to distinguish who might
have some enlargement and who not ; but have heard no-
thing, only have had a letter from Mr. Canfield, informing
me that he was desired from your State to send me 20
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
353
barrels of flour, 14 of which only I have had, the other 6
indeed have desired might be sent to Litchfield for some
prisoners there, which if done I shall accept as though
dehvered here, when the whole 20, if I had received it,
would have lasted them but about twenty days. Beg your
advice and directions as soon as possible, for I think if
their crimes be of such an atrocious nature that they ought
to die, it would be best, and indeed humanity requires,
that they should be immediately executed, rather than die
the hngering death they otherwise must, unless discharged
from their confinement, or supplied with provisions and
clothing. If I had a further supply of provisions, and
about 20 blankets, and as many shirts and breeches, and
some few coats, and I had liberty to let out such, as upon
the best judgment I could form of them, it might be safe
to enlarge on parol ; believe the rest might be kep
along through the winter, but otherwise must extremely
suffer, if not perish. On this representation, which I
think is not exaggerated, have no doubt but the principles
of humanity will induce the gentlemen of your Honoura-
ble Board to give me some directions about them.
Am, sir, with great respect and esteem,
Your most obt. and humb. servt.
EZL. WILLIAMS.
To the Honble. William Floyd,
President of the Council of Safety in the State of New- York.
[Letter from Prosper Wetmore.]
Norwich, December 8th, 1777.
Sir — I have, with the advice of the select men, per-
mitted the bearer, William Moffat, to wait on you and
make known his case. He has behaved well since he
came to my care. He is willing to take the oath of fide-
lity, and is the man you ordered me to enlarge on the in-
formation that one Savage gave of him when I was with
you at the prison in Hartford. Savage gave me a letter
from his wife, a seven dollar bill and some clothes to deli-
ver to him, which I have done. The prisoners under my
care, sent from you, are desirous of a trial, and think hard
that they have no account from their State relative to them.
If you have received any, pray send them to me by the
first safe opportunity. I am in want of provisions to sup-
port them. Have had no advice as to their support since
I saw you. Moffat is to return to me as soon as may be,
after he has done his business with you, except you give
him counter orders, which please inform me of if you
should do so.
These from your friend and humble servt.
PROSPER WETMORE.
To EzEKiEL Williams, Esqr,
[Letter from Ezekiel Williams, at Hartford.]
Hartford, 10th Beer. Yin.
Sir — Since my writing the enclosed letter, which you
will please to seal and send forward, if you think proper,
I have received the enclosed letter also, from Esqr. Hal-
sey, respecting Mr. Francis, and upon his most earnest
solicitations, have permitted him also on the same terms,
to go on with them ; hope, considering our circumstances,
it will not be thought amiss. If it be, you will, I hope,
be so good as to supply me with the absolute necessaries,
and let me know that it is your desire that no others shall
be suffered to go, until they have first obtained your per-
mission, and the directions shall be carefully observed.
Am, sir, very respectfully.
Your most obdt. humb. servt.
EZL. WILLIAMS.
To Peter Cantine, Esqr.
[Letter from Jos. Halsey to Ezkl. Williams, Esqr.]
Preston, Dec. Hth, 1777.
Sir — Capt. Wm. Pemberton, the bearer hereof, who
you sent to Preston on parol, to be under my direction in
[Vol. 11.] 89
this place, has behaved himself well, and manifested his
friendship to the United States, and voluntarily offering to
take the oath of fidelity to this State, which by the advice
of sundry principal gentlemen in administration at his re-
quest, has been administered to him, he being very desi-
rous to apply to you at Wethersfield to know whether you
have not received some orders respecting his return to the
Convention of the State of New-York, as his family has
been burnt out of house and home at Esopus, by the King's
troops. He is very desirous to return to his family if pos-
sible, to alleviate their distresses. His behaviour in this
place has been such as justly entitles him to the greatest
humanity possible, consistent with the safety of the Unit-
ed States. I therefore thought proper to take his parol,
and give him a pass to apply to you at Weathersfield for
your orders in the above request.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect and esteem,
Your most obedient and humble servant,
JOSH. HALSEY.
To Ezekiel Williams, Esqr.
Com. of prisoners at Weathersfield.
[Letter from Egbert Benson, at Rhinebeck.]
Rhinebeck, Dec. 4th, 1777,
Sir — It is generally reported and believed on this side
of the river, that Mrs. Banyar and the other ladies who
lately went from this neighbourhood on a visit to New- York
intend to bring with them merchandize and necessaries to
a considerable amount, for the use of themselves and their
friends. It doubtless will be difficult to procure direct
proof of this matter, as we may suppose no persons but
those immediately interested privy to it ; I conceived it,
notwithstanding, my duty to communicate this information
to the Council, in hopes they will take some measures to
prevent the pernicious effects of this kind of traffic. If I
can collect any farther intelligence respecting this business,
I shall immediately inform you of it.
I remain your most obedt. servt.
EGBT. BENSON.
The Honourable Evert Banckek.
[Letter from Comfort Sands, at Rochester.]
Rochester, Dec. 9th, 1777.
Sir — When I settled with Capt. Payne, he informed
me he had received of Major Wheelock, a sum of money
on account of recruiting his company, which as near as he
could tell was seven or eight sheets of 40 dollars each ;
however we fixed the sum 280 dollars, which in justice to
the State, I thought it right to deduct out of his account,
and gave him a certificate to Major Wheelock, that he had
accounted with the State 280 dollars, and that the receipt
he had given Major Wheelock should be delivered up and
the certificate given Payne, should be so much to Major
Wheelock's credit in a future settlement with the State,
and the same was placed in the State books to the credit
of Major Wheelock. Capt. Payne now returns, and says,
Wheelock refuses to cancel his receipt, alleging that the
State owes him money, which I am sure, were he to come
and settle his account, there would be a large balance due
the State ; I do not believe he ever intends coming to set-
tle. Capt. Payne says upon examination of his account
when he returned home, found he had not received so much
money of Major Wheelock as he accounted, and that after
he had received the money, he repaid him some of it back ;
but the accounts and receipts, he has not brought with him.
This being a true slate of the matter, and being out of my
power to do any thing more than I have done, must leave it
to the Council to do with Capt. Payne, as they think best.
I am, sir, yr. mo. obt. servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Evert Bancker, Esq.
354
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
[Letter from Andrew Billings and Peter Tappan.]
Poui^hkeepsie, Dec. 4th, 1777.
Dear Sir — When you were here last, we understood
there would be an order for the removal of Mr. Beardsley
and family to New-York ; the spirits of the people are up
so that I fear they may injure him in his person. His con-
duct since he has been on parol, has been unexceptionable ;
but it is not in our power to ease the minds of a set of men
who are exceeding troublesome in this place, and therefore
think it advisable to send him to New-York. Beardsley
himself thinks he is in danger here ; desires that if he is to
be sent to New- York, that it may be soon, and that he may
be permitted to carry with him his household furniture.
We would have permitted Van Den Burgh upon parol, but
are afraid lest some of those men may injure him. Capt.
Meatcham will wait your determination respecting Mr.
Beardsley and Van Den Burgh. We hope tiie Council
may direct something concerning them immediately.
We remain your humble servt.
PETER TAPPEN,
ANDREW BILLINGS.
Egbert Benson, Esq.
[Letter from Gov. Trumbull, relative to persons sent on parol to Con-
necticut, and by the said Governor permitted to go to New-York,]
Lebanon, April \st, 1777.
Sir — Yours of the 27th ult. is received. Enclosed I
send you a certified copy of parol taken from the several
persons who have subscribed the same, by which you will
see their present situation. M. Jauncey Jun. I suppose to
be in New- York. If this inclosure should be thought in-
sufficient, and it be necessary for me to call upon M. Jaun-
cey Jun. to return to this State in order to effect the pro-
posed exchange, I am ready to do that, or take any other
step for its accomplishment that shall be thought proper.
I am, with respect and esteem, sir,
Your and the Convention's
Most obedient humble servant.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Hon. Abram Ten Broeck.
P. S. A number other persons from your State, a list
of whose names are herewith transmitted to you, are in the
same predicament with those mentioned in the enclosed
parol :
Dec. 26th. Isaac Corsa, Robt. R. Waddell, Sam Bur-
ling.
Dec. 9th. Danl. Kissam, Jr. A. Seabury, Davd. Brookes,
Charles Hicks, Whitehead Cornwall, Chas. Nicole, John
Chave, Thos. Jones, John Willett, Aug. V. Home, Jos.
Griswold, Benjn. Hewlett, David Butty, WiUiam Thorne,
Isaac Smith.
Dec. 24ith. Jos. Reade.
Dec. 26th. Stephen De Lancey.
[Letter from J. Halsey at Preston.]
Preston, December 9, 1776.
Sir — The bearer, Lieutenant Simon Fraser, who you
directed to tarry at Preston under my direction, I ordered
to be quartered at Doctor Towners, where he has been ever
since he arrived in town ; and by my own observation and
the doctor's recommendation, he has faithfully kept his
parol, behaved himself well, and has manifested a very
friendly disposition to the United States, and has offered
and desired to take the oath of fidelity to this State, which
has, by advice of some principal men in administration,
been administered to him ; and he being very desirous to
make application to you for to know whether you have not
received some orders respecting his return to the State of
New-York, and if possible to obtain liberty to return to the
Convention of New-York, in order to join his family. His
behaviour in this place has been such as, in my opinion,
justly entitles him to the greatest humanity possible, con-
sistent with the safety of the United States ; I therefore
thought proper to take his parol, and give him a pass to
apply to you at Weathersfield for your order in the above
request.
I am, sir,
With the greatest respect and esteem.
Your most obedient and humble servt.
J. HALSEY.
To EzEKiEL Williams. Esq. Commissary, &c.
[Letter from Andrew Billings and Peter Tappen.]
Poushkeeptie, December 4, 1777.
Gentlemen — Enclosed you have a paper found upon
our door two mornings past, which will in some measure
give you an idea of the dangerous seeds of faction creep-
ing amongst us ; it seems chiefly on accoimt of Mr. Berds-
ley and Mr. Vandeburgh. The former seems willing to
go to New-York, and the latter much rather go than to
remain where he is. To let him out on his parol we fear
may be attended with pernicious consequences. We are
at a loss respecting the propriety of sending them down :
and indeed we know we have no authority to do it. We
beg the House would give us some explicit directions con-
cerning them if it should appear consistent. Meantime,
We are, with respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servts.
ANDREW BILLINGS,
PETER TAPPEN.
A'^. B. We had yesterday a number sent us by the com-
mittee of Charlotte, who have lately deserted from and near
New- York ; brought with them their arms, &c. and others
who were with Burgoyne when he capitulated, ordered to
Canada ; all of whom we have put on their parol. Should
be glad the enclosed paper may be sent back.
The Honourable President of the
Council of Safety at Hurley.
[Letter from Daniel Graham, Chairman of a Committee.]
New-Pallz, December, im.
Gentlemen — While the good people of this county ac-
knowledge with gratitude the wise and necessary measures
of the former Council, in making provision for salt for this
State, they are sorry to be under the necessity to in-
form your Honourable Council, that they have great reason
to believe that the persons appointed and commissioned to
purchase the salt for the good purpose intended, have appro-
priated the benefit of purchasing the salt at the low rate at
Boston, in virtue of the commission aforesaid, to their own
and others' private interest, insomuch that good people of
this county, and the State in general, fall far short of the
quantity they would otherwise have had. This committee,
at the earnest request of a number of the inhabitants,
therefore beg your Honourable Board will cause some in-
quiry to be made in the affair, and should any salt be found
in the hands of such person or persons, (laid up no doubt
for the very purpose of enhancing an extravagant price
from the people,) we are humbly of opinion it ought in
justice to be sold at the same price that the other salt is,
which was purchased and delivered for the use of the State.
We are, gentlemen, with due respect.
Your most humble servants.
By order of the Committee.
DANL. GRAHAM, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Council of Safety
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Andrew Billings and Peter Tappen.]
Poughkeepsie, 9th December, 1777.
Gentlemen — We have before acquainted you of the
dangerous seeds of faction springing up in this place ; we
are sorry farther to acquaint you that it increases to an
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
355
amazing and dangerous degree. Last night about nine
o'clock, they assaulted and stopped in the public highway
with presented muskets, a young man that lives with Mr.
Crab ; about half an hour after they did the same to Doc-
tor Tappen, who had with him in the wagon his wife and
sister, searched the wagon, &c. What they want is not
in our power to say, unless to destroy all government and
authority, which we fear is their view. We ordered the
small guard in this place (consisting only of a sergeant and
six,) to apprehend the assaulters, when, to our amaze, we
found they had been tampering with them, and it was with
the utmost difficulty we prevailed on them to turn out, but
were not able to apprehend them, as they have secreted
themselves. The whole clan, consisting of about ten per-
sons, mostly the carpenters from New-York, we think not
above two or three inhabitants. Mr. Livingston seems of
opinion that we ought immediately to acquaint your House
of their turbulence, and to do the same to His Excellency
the Governor, which we have done. This moment the
two assaulters, viz. Alexander L. Miller and Jno. Mc-
Daniel, came and surrendered themselves, and appear very
penitent, pleading that they only suspected wagons carrying
away tory effects, though we doubt it ; yet we have con-
sented to take bail until we have the opinion of the House,
and pray their sentiments on the matter, and advise whe-
ther Mr. Berdsley and Van De Bergh are at liberty to sell
effects to pay just debts due to the inhabitants where the
bargains were made previous to the order for their depar-
ture, as application has been made to us, and what we are
to do with such goods as can be made appear were the pro-
perty, or given to the children of Mr. Berdsley some years
past. We expect they will depart in two or three days.
We have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedient humble servants,
ANDREW BILLINGS,
PETER TAPPEN.
[Letter from Col. Ludinton, Elijah Townsend and others.]
Dutchess County, 3d December, 1776.
Gentn. — Nothing but the strongest necessity could in-
duce us to trouble you with an application of so extraordi-
nary a nature ; but if we are esteemed worthy your confi-
dence as friends to our struggling country, our sincerity
will apologize for what in common cases might appear
indecent.
Our invaded State has not only been an object of the
special designs of our common enemy, but obnoxious to
the wicked, mercenary intrigues of a number of engrossing
jockies, who have drained this part of the State of the article
of bread to that degree, that we have reason to fear there is
not enough left for the support of the inhabitants. We have
for some months past heard of one Helmes who has been
purchasing wheat and flour in these parts for several
months, with which the well affected people are universally
dissuited. This man with us is of doubtful character,
his conversations are of the disaffected sort entirely. He
has now moving from Fishkill toward Newark we think
not less than one hundred barrels of flour, for which he
says he has your permit, the which we have not seen.
However, we have, at the universal call of the people, con-
cluded to stop the flour and Helmes himself, until this ex-
press may return. We ourselves think from the conduct
of this man that his designs are bad.
We have the honour to be, your humble servts.
HENRY LUDINTON,
JOSEPH CRANE, Junr.
JONATHAN PADDACK,
ELIJAH TOWNSEND.
To the Honourable the Council of
Safety for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Robt. Livingston.]
Manor Livingston, 7th December, 1777.
Sir — I was this moment greatly surprised and astonish-
ed at the contents of the extract of a letter from the Rine-
beck precinct committee, and the resolve of the Honour-
able Council of Safety of the Slate of New- York on the
back of it ; which you was pleased to transmit me by Mr.
Patt. Hogan. I have carefully examined the same, and
must believe that both the committee and Council have
proceeded on the contents of it without any witness on
oath, for sure I am never to have sold any bar iron to any
one living for £17, much less for twenty ; and can say
that 1)0 one blacksmith either in my manor or Dutchess
county, has bought any iron of me that has cost him more
than 8s. for the quantity necessary to shoe one horse, and
why they should even have more than 205. for making and
shoeing a horse I must leave to the committee who make
the complaint against me. I am very desirous, as I can
not go from home at this time of year, that the Honour-
able Council should appoint one of their Body or any
gentleman of repute, to come to my house and examine my
books until this day, nay it is my humble request they
would be pleased to do it ; that they may be fully satisfied
in this matter, and convinced that this complaint is a ma-
licious calumny, calculated by some blacksmith I suppose,
to raise the price of his labour at the expense of my cha-
racter.
With respect to the workmen being exempted from
military duty, permit me to inform you that they have all
of them been up for a month in the last invasion, when we
had plenty of v/ater and stock to work ; and when they
returned, the water was too low to do any business, nor
was there more than two of them fit to work ; the rest
had the camp disorder, which was a great loss to them-
selves as well as to the country ; and now I have but five
fires going out of nine, for the want of workmen, three of
my hands having been persuaded and inveigled to take
money to enlist, and are now in the service. I sent one of
my best hands to Jersey some time ago in order to procure
four good finers : he spent £15, and returned without any
men ; and Tuesday next am to send another again on the
same errand, in hopes of better success. Thus, sir, you see
I do my utmost endeavours to supply the country with
that useful metal. I have now by me at least 1200 share
moulds and coulters laying ready to supply the farmers ;
if the smiths will not work them, surely they ought not to
biame me. I mean to be more explicit to the gentlemen
who may be sent by order of the Honourable Council to
examine my books. In the meantime will hope the Ho-
nourable Council will be convinced that there is no just
foundation for the information of the committee, and hold
me innocent of the charge, and at the return of the exami-
nant, be entitled to have it pronounced malicious and vexa-
tious. My best respects I desire you to communicate to
the Honourable Council of State.
And am, sir, your most humble servant,
ROBT. LIVINGSTON.
To Robert Bensen, £sqr.
[Letter from Abm. P. Lott.]
Nine Partners, Deer. 9th, 1777.
Gentn.— I find it very difficult to find out where the
salt is sent about the country. As some persons who were
sent with the salt from the landing have not carried it to
the place ordered ; and some which was on the road was
stopped by the committee and inhabitants ; some not will-
ing the salt should be taken away, but dealt out according
to order of Council of Safety where it lay. I have
applied to Capt. Wm. Radilift in getting the salt down to
356
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
the landing as he sent the salt off, and is belter acquaint-
ed with the people than I am. I am going this day to
Canaan where there is a quantity of salt in store, to forward
it along. Hope you will desire Capt. Wm. Radilift to un-
dertake it.
Gent. I remain your humble servant,
ABM. P. LOTT.
To the Council of Safety.
LLetter from Henry B. Livingston.]
Esopus, 23d Jlpril, 1777.
Gentlemen — I received by your order at sundry times,
sums of money amounting in the whole to four thousand
five hundred pounds, for the purpose of paying to each of-
ficer of the regiment as much as I should think necessary,
to forward the recruiting service ; this I have done to a
certain amount, and have taken receipts from those officers
to whom the same has been paid. These receipts I have
rendered to Mr. Sands, in order to account for the money.s
I have received ; he refuses to pass them, insisting that I am
to be accountable for those moneys that the officers of the
regiment are unable or unwilling to account for, which is a
hardship I can by no means submit to. The State having
entrusted these officers with commissions, I am in hopes
will not insist that individuals should be losers from the
State having misplaced their confidence ; and as the risks
ot keeping those accounts and receipts with me will be
great, as they will often be in danger of being lost, I now
make a tender of them to you, gentlemen, not knowing
where else to apply the whole sum ; the amount is 10,796
dollars ; the rest of the money I have on hand ready to pay
into the treasury. The above mentioned sum I am now
willing to account for by receipts from the gentlemen for
whose use it was given me. If by any accident those re-
ceipts should be hereafter misplaced, or lost, I shall not
think myself bound to be answerable for the money. I
thought necessary to mention this, lest the money should
be lost to the State, vouchers being gone.
[I am, gentn. your most obt. servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
Convention of the State of New-York.
Lebanon, 1st April, 1777.
Whereas we, Hugh Wallace, Fred. Philips, James
Jauncey and James Jauncey, Junr. Esqrs. and Gerard
Walton, Wm. Jauncey and John Miller, all of the city and
Province of New-York, have for some time past resided at
Middletown, in the State of Connecticut, being apprehend-
ed and sent thither by His Excellency General Washing-
ton as suspected of disaffection to the United States of
America ; and whereas upon our application. His Honour
Jona. Trumbull, Esqr. Governor of said State of Connec-
ticut, hath permitted us to return to our families in New-
York, and reside there till otherwise ordered, we do hereby
pledge our faith and words of honour to the said Gover-
nor Trumbull, that we will neither bear arms nor excite
or encourage others to bear arms against this or any of the
United States of America, and that we will not do or say
anything in prejudice of the interest or measures of this or
any of the said United States ; that we will give no intel-
ligence to the enemies of the said States of any of the
councils, operations of war, or other, the transactions of
this or any of the said States, and that we will return to
any place in this State when required by His Honour Go-
vernor Trumbull, the General Assembly of Connecticut,
or His Excellency the General of the armies of the said
United States, for the time being.
In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands,
this, 23d day of Decemr, A. D. 1776.
HUGH WALLACE,
FRED. PHILIPS,
JAS. JAUNCEY,
JAS. JAUNCEY, Junr.
GERARD WALTON,
WM. JAUNCEY,
JOHN MILLER.
The foregoing is a true copy of the original lodged in
my hands.
Test.
JONTH. TRUMBULL,
Govr. of the State of Connecticut.
[Letter from Genl. Gates to Mr. Jay.]
Mbany, April 22d, 1777.
Dear Sir — I desire the favour you will forward the letter
addressed to His Excellency General Washington, which
will be delivered to you by the bearer Mr. Winslow, by
the first express that you can confide in, going to Head-
Quarters. Mr. Winslow is just come from Ticonderoga,
and will acquaint you of the situation of affairs, both there
and here.
I am, sir, your most obedient humble servant.
HORATIO GATES.
The Honble. John Jay, Esqr.
[Letter from Isaac Van Hook, Jr.]
Poughkeeptie, April 19/A, 1777.
Gentlemen — From the time the regulars took New-
York I have been earnestly looking out for a vacancy
in some branch of business or other, but unhappily I
have not yet succeeded ; I have, therefore, embraced this
opportunity of writing to the Honourable Convention for
this purpose, and should be extremely glad if there is any
vacancy now, or should there happen a vacancy ; in short,
if the Honourable Convention would please to consider me,
and among the many who have been happily fixed into
business, make me one of the number, who may have
cause sincerely to thank the Honourable Convention for
any branch of business they shall see fit to affix me in.
I am, gentlemen.
With the greatest respect and esteem.
Your very humble servt.
ISAAC VAN HOOK, Jr.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from James Richey.]
Cherry Valley, AprU Ut, 1777.
Dear Sir— Youis of the 24lh of last month came to
hand, with your letter to your spouse, and newspapers. The
enclosed letter is from Mr. Gaspur Staudt, and desires you
may direct it to the chairman of your committee, for the
sulphur and lead mines. The old gentleman is doing all
he can to find out sulphur in several springs and parts here,
and has good success. I expect if there be hands got to
help him, there may be as much sulphur got here as to an-
swer all the demands of America. Men will not work for
him at five or six shillings a day and find themselves ; you
are sensible that men that work in the earth all day must
have rum ; and victualing and clothing is so high that good
hands will not engage under 85. per day and find them-
selves. The lead ore is very rich ; out of one ounce of the
ore he had half ounce two pennyweight of lead ; and out
of half ounce of the lead, extracted one grain of silver.
The old gentleman I really think is honest, and under-
stands his business, and is doing what he can to further the
work.
I am, vours to serve.
JAMES RICHEY.
P. S. I am an eye witness to the experiment of the lead
ore ; weighed it ; helped to put it in the crucible, and
watched all the time, lest there should be any cheat play-
ed. I find the old gentleman faithful and true, and his man
John the same. They are as industrious as men can be,
to find out the sulphur, and work at it ; there is a good
quantity raised, &c.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
357
Kingston, 28<ft Feby. 1777.
Dear Sir — The bearer (Capt. Copp) being ordered by
the committee of arrangement to the 2d battahon of this
State, after a previous appointment to the first battahon,
owing to a mistake in nominating three captains to two
companies ; this gentleman has been on duty in the regi-
ment in which he was first appointed, and has advanced
considerable sums to his company. He has the wish of
Col. Van Schaick and the gentlemen of the corps, for his
continuance with them, and waits on you for your appro-
bation, which will be of infinite service to him, and much
oblige me ; we wait with impatience for you. I set out
this day by order of the House, for Gen. Washington.
I am, dear sir,
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN TAYLER.
James Duane, Esqr.
Fishkill, Feb. 28th, 1777.
HoND. Sir — What follows is the answer I received from
Major Goforth, acquainting him of his appointment.
" Being informed of my appointment in the new arrange-
ment, and that I was arranged under Colonels Cortlandt
and Weissenfels, both of which I should have been much
pleased to serve under ; and understanding by a letter from
Major Lamb, that you had gone into service, and from all
I could gather believing the new arrangement to be con-
sistent, I came to the eastward in order to serve my coun-
try in a public capacity ; but on my arrival at Esopus, I
found that a fifth regiment was taken in, and to be com-
manded by the Colonels Du Boys and Bruyn, which placed
me immediately in the same predicament I was in last
summer, for which reason I shall decline."
Thus, sir, I have given you the answer I received from
Major Goforth. The time for our regiments to take the
field is just at hand, and happy should I be to inform you
we were complete ; but this is not the case, nor can I at
present flatter myself we shall be filled in time, unless some
other method than the present is adopted ; the Convention
are no doubt the best judges of this matter. The method
of ordering each county or district to provide a certain
number of men is not perhaps so big with bad consequen-
ces as may at first be supposed, especially as it is not a
new mode and would no doubt be an effectual one. The
affairs of our regiment are, however, in a tolerable state ;
one of our officers, viz. Capt. Gregg is just returned from
a recruiting tour, and has met with good success ; the
rest of our officers who are out from this post make out
badly ; but you know, sir, how many reasons there are
against our making much of a hand in recruiting; the eastern
bounty must have a tendency to draw men that way.
I humbly hope our arrangement and rank roll will soon
be completed ; as soon as it is done I should be glad of a
copy. In forming the officers' rank, I beg leave to men-
tion Ensign Hutton, of our regiment, as a very promising
officer, and am well convinced the committee will have no
reason to regret their fixing his rank as high as his situa-
tion will admit of. Mr. Bowen, one of our 2nd lieutenants
is another officer who merits as much notice as his case
will admit of.
As soon as the commissions for the officers are ready
they will no doubt be sent to the regiment ; I think the
sooner the better, as it is right that the officers should have
their commissions before they march.
I am, sir, with sincere respect.
Your very humb. servt.
MARINUS WILLETT.
[Letter from Samuel Tuder.]
Poughkeepsie, Feb. i3th, J 777.
Sir — Mr. Duane was here yesterday and desired me to
send down for some money ; and as I applied to you when
I was at Fishkill, should be much obliged to you, if you
[Vol. n.] 90 J' ' ^
would get it, and deliver it to Mr. Alexander Litch Miller,
the bearer, who will give you a receipt in my name.
Should be glad to know where to get the iron I applied for,
for the smiths.
I am, sir, your hble. servt.
SAML. TUDER.
Christopher Tappen, Esq.
[Letter from General Schuyler at Albany.]
Mhany, Feb. 15th, 1777.
Sir — Your favor of the 9th instant, I have duly recei-
ved. I am in great hopes that a reinforcement for the gar-
rison of Tyconderoga will arrive before the militia can be
got ready to march. The President of the Slate of Mas-
sachusetts Bay, has advised me that four regiments are or-
dered to march from thence immediately. As soon as I
am informed that they have marched, I shall countermand
the orders to the militia.
I am equally apprehensive with the Committee, that
great discontent will arise fromthe power given me ; per-
haps it was not proper to invest the military therewith. I
shall however neither publish the resolution nor act upon
it, unless on the greatest emergency.
Some time last week I was addressed by the Oneidas in
favour of Joseph Brandt. They in the name of his mother
and sister, requested that he might be suffered to return to
the Mohawk Castle. As it was a matter too delicate for ine
to decide upon, I sent for Messrs. Dow and Edwards, and
laid the matter before them ; we were unanimously of opi-
nion to suffer him to return, provided that he immediately
came down to me, with some of the Oneidas, and some of
his own nation, disclosed the business he had been sent
upon, and that he afterwards should not leave the Canajo-
harie Castle without leave, and to get some of his friends
to join him in the promise.
General Washington advises me, that he has ordered
Brigadier-General James Clinton to this place, if he can be
spared from Fort Montgomery. I beheve he can not. His
Excellency also informs me that he can not send any other ;
but that he has wrote to Congress requesting that more
generals may be appointed. I wish Convention to recom-
mend Col. Van Schaick ; he is an officer of long standing
and a very good one, and I believe the oldest colonel in
the army.
Lake Champlain was not closed on the 8th instant ; I
very sincerely wish it may not become passable on the ice
this winter.
I am, sir, with great respect and esteem.
Your most obedt. humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To Pierre V. Cortlandt, Vice-President, &c.
[Letter from Brigadier-General George Clinton.]
New- Windsor, January 14th, 1777.
Sir — I beg leave to inform the Honourable Convention,
that pursuant to their resolve, I have with much difficulty
raised the 500 men in the counties of Ulster and Orange,
and inarched them (a few refractory persons who have run
off and concealed themselves excepted) to the postal Syd-
man's bridge and cloister, of which I have directed Col.
Pawling (who I have nominated to command them,) to
give His Excellency General Washington notice. The
militia of Dutchess and Westchester counties, or a great
part of them being called out (as I was informed) about
the time I received the Convention's orders to raise 500
men out of those counties, and but lately returned, has pre-
vented my attempting it, and now they are at home I am
at a loss how to set about it. It is my opinion that they
can not be raised as volunteers ; it would l)e the work of
time to try it, and if we failed and were obliged afterwards
to draft them, it could not be accomplished much sooner
than in the time to which they are to be in the service. I
358
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
wish not to evade any duty the Convention think proper to
assign mc|; but in the present case, i am sure, were the com-
manding officers of the mihtia of each county ordered to
raise their proportion of those men, it would be more speed-
ily done than if it is left to me ; and if I am to attend to it,
it will so break in upon my time as to prevent my giving
that attention to the business of obstructing the navigation
of Hudson's river which its importance, and the short time
in which it must be completed, requires. Major Pawling,
the bearer of this, will wait upon Convention with a list of
the officers I would recommend for the above service, and
waits the answer and further directions of the Convention.
The artificers employed under Captain Machin some time
ago, complained that they could not live on a single ration ;
1 readily consented to order the commissary to deliver
them more, charging the extra allowance to their account.
This 1 thought reasonable, as they had contracted at a ra-
tion a man per day, and their wages considering the season
very high ; indeed they confessed my offer reasonable, but
I am since informed they arc allowed a ration and a half
by Convention, in consequence of a petition to them for
that purpose, and I am informed they now begin to sell
meat in the neighbourhood. I am sorry Convention indulged
them ; it is the same as increasing their wages and will
sive discontent to the country, besides other bad conse-
quences.
I have ordered Major Taylor, assistant quarter-master
general, to lay before Convention, an exact account of
stores which have been delivered him at Ramapough, when
taken, and from whom received ; amongst these you will
find many articles of no public use. They were taken as
the property of disaffected persons belonging to this State,
now with the enemy, though without my order, and some
of them plundered by the soldiery, contrary to the most
positive orders, and taken fron the plunderers. I beg Con-
vention would direct what is to be done with those articles,
as I am at a loss what is right and best to be done with
them. Had they not been removed by our people, they
would in all probability again have fallen into the hands of
the enemy.
We want some pitch and oakum exceedingly, to prepare
the logs for buoying the chain, which I know not where to
get. That part of our work is at a stand for want of these
articles.
1 am, with due respect,
Your most obedient servant.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honourable the President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Francis Lewis, at Baltimore.]
Baltimore, 18th Feby. 1777.
Dear Sir — I have repeatedly wrote pressing letters,
backed by resolves of Congress, for a full representation of
our State, but have as yet not been honoured with an an-
swer. Permit me still to remind you, that in my opinion,
our State may suffer for the want thereof; for instance,
the General has recommended to Congress the promotion
of three major-generals from brigadiers, and ten brigadiers
from colonels ; and has given in a list of some persons as
a hint to Congress. The mode and persons has occasion-
ed many days' debate, and is this day to be brought on
again, and notwithstanding many declarations to the con-
trary, Colonial prejudices sway the minds of individuals,
that each State appear interested in the debates, for pro-
motion in the line of their respective States. From this,
sir, you may judge how the State of New- York is circum-
stanced, having no vote in this and many other weighty
points, and which I hope the Honourable Convention will
speedily rectify.
I informed you in my former letters, that Capt. Rogers
of the Montgomery private sloop of war, was in this port
with two prizes, one of them with a quantity of woolens,
linens, &c. which wait your directions for their disposal ;
as we are informed that three British ships of war with
tenders, are cruizing in Chesapeake bay, to assist the
tories on the eastern shore of said bay. Congress has
thought fit to send down all the armed vessels (of which
the Montgomery is one,) to suppress the insurgents, which
they liave effected, and I expect Capt. Rogers up in a few
days, when shall give him all the aid in my power to fit his
vessel for another cruise.
I am also to inform you that Congress have appointed
the 25lh instant for the day on which they will adjourn to
the city of Philadelphia, so that the Delegates you shall
send to Congress may meet them there.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most humble servant,
FRA. LEWIS.
The Honble. Abraham Ten Bboeck.
[Letter from Ezra L'Hommedieu.]
Guilford, February ISth, 1777.
Gentlemen — When I left the Fishkill I expected to
have been at Convention long before this time, but have
been obliged to go to Bedford, having a small interest in
the cargo of a vessel which arrived there from the West In-
dies. She was fitted out from Long island last summer,
and the owners are on the main, who propose to bring her
cargo into the Slate of New- York, but fear they shall be
disappointed except they can obtain a certificate from you
that the cargo belongs to the Stale of New- York, and is
there wanted for the use of the army and inhabitants ; as
an embargo is lately laid in the Massachusetts State, pro-
hibiting, under severe penalties, the exportation of all
rum, salt, molasses, &c. except such certificate can be
produced to the committee where such goods are, who
may permit the same to be exported. Major Uriah Ro-
gers, the principal owner, is now at Bedford, endeavour-
ing to forward part of the goods, and the owners desire
you will send me a certificate by the first post, directed to
the committee of Dartmouth, requesting that the cargo of
the brig Mermaid (Mons. Sawyer, master,) owned in the
State of New- York, the same being there wanted for the
use of the army and inhabitants ; the cargo consisting of
rum, sugar, salt, molasses and wine. The owners will
be losers if they can not get such certificate, and must sell
the cargo there, as the vessel was three times taken
by the English frigates, and much plundered ; but having
a French captain and paper, she was finally dismissed.
It is but a few days since I received your resolve of the
17th of January, and was surprised that the arms were
not arrived, which were as forward as Milford when I
came from Fishkill, except those that Col. Livingston lent
the militia of Connecticut, which are not returned, and I
beheve never will be, as I understand by the captains that
they were appraised for little more than half their value,
which makes it the interest of the soldier to keep the gun.
The arras taken at Brook Haven were carried off by the
Rhode-Island troops. As to the vessels, cattle, stock, &c.
shall make particular inquiry as soon as possible. I find
three barrels of powder in the hands of one Dan Colhng,
which he brought off Long island, and refuses to deliver
up except he be paid for taking the arms from East Hamp-
ton ; he says it was what nobody else would do, and he
ought to be well paid for such exploit. I send a copy of
his account enclosed, and desire your directions ; it is sus-
pected that the two men with him, took sufficient to pay
themselves, if so, they ought not to be allowed. As soon
as I can see Mr. Gelston, who is now from home, we shall
forward the powder and such other mihtary stores brought
from the island, as we can come at,
I am, with great respect,
Your most obedient and very hurab. servt.
EZRA L'HOMMEDIEU.
To the Honble. Convention of Representatives
of the State of New- York, at Fishkill.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
359
[Letter from Robert Boyd, Junr.
Fishkill, 8th Feby. 1777.
Gentlemen — In consequence of a letter directed to me
and received the 18lh Novr. last, from Pierre V. Cortlandt,
Esqr. your Vice-President, relative to the accommodation
and transportation of the Continental troops that might ar-
rive at New-Windsor from the northward, I was reduced
to the necessity of impressing a number of wagons with
horses, in order to carry your design (as I conceived) into
execution, for which conduct my character hath been tra-
duced, and the matter represented as though it was a piece
of wantonness in me, in order to distress the good people
of the county where I hve ; hope, therefore, the Honour-
able Convention will be pleased to pass a short explanato-
ry resolve, declaring whether I did right or wrong, as
above mentioned.
Gentlemen, I would farther observe that several of the
persons who were impressed with their wagons in the
above service, hath expressed their uneasiness, hearing
that the Honourable Convention only allowed 12s. per day
for a wagon and two horses, saying if this should be the
case, the most of them would be money out of pocket,
besides the loss of their labour, the expenses of hauling
being so high that they could not support themselves and
horses for the aforesaid sum. Therefore it is hoped the
Honourable Convention will not allow the good people in
Ulster county to labour for nought, or in other words, to
do service for the good people of the United States for
nought, when they have not only shown their willingness,
but cheerfulness in doing their proportionable part of pu-
blic duty.
Gentlemen, as I am come here purely to serve the people
who were impressed in consequence of your orders to me,
and staying here is expensive, I pray that the wisdom of the
Honourable Convention will devise something that may
enable me to return with a satisfactory and decisive answer
to my shop, on whose account I came.
I am, gentlemen.
With great respect and much esteem.
Your most obedt. humb. servt.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Remonstrance of the Committee of Manor of Cortlandt.]
Manor of Cortlandt, Februauy 5, 1777.
The sub-committee of the manor of Cortlandt beg leave
to remonstrate to your Honourable Body, that one Peter
Corney has been employed by the commissaries of the
Continental array, or of this State, to purchase wheat for
the use of the army ; and whereas the said Corney has
been deemed by this committee previous to his appoint-
ment aforesaid, as a person inimical to this State, and the
cause of America in general :
We therefore beg leave to represent, that the situation
of the mill which the said Corney now possesses is such,
that should the enemy open their next campaign in this
State, or come up Hudson's river, it must unavoidably fall
into their hands, as the mill lies below the lines now drawn
on the heights of the Highlands.
We would also represent the conduct of said Corney,
since his appointment aforesaid. He has given 9*. per
bushel for wheat, and 10s. if the seller waits a year, when
his instructions are limited to 8s. which is the price the
other mills give, and no more ; from which conduct of said
Corney, it appears to this committee, and it is their opinion,
that he purposes to collect a large quantity of wheat only
to throw into the hands of the enemy if in his power, whicli
we doubt not your Honourable Body will think with us
must be his intention.
We refer the premises to your Honourable Body, pray-
ing you to take the matter into your consideration, and to
act thereupon as in your wisdom shall seem meet.
By order of the sub-committee.
JOHN FERRIS, Depy. Chairn.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York.
Halifax, November 10, 1776.
Received in good order and well conditioned, from
Wm. White, on board the schooner Hannah, myself mas-
ter, bound for St. Augustine, but to touch at New-York,
the following goods, viz.
Twelve barrels barley ; ten half barrels.
Seven anchors ; five barrels pitch.
Twenty-one firkins beef.
Twenty-two barrels beef.
Twenty-three tierces do.
Thirteen casks raisins.
Nineteen barrels and four tierces peas.
One hawser ; thirty-seven coils cordage.
Fifteen hhds. beer ; thirty-four bundles scathing paper.
Two hhds. tobacco ; one hhd. glass ware.
Four cross-cut saws ; one puncheon shoes.
One barrel shoes.
Seven bales woolens, and three bales linens.
One bale osnaburgs ; one hundred and sixty bolts canvas.
Eight casks raisins ; one cask lampblack.
Two cases mustard, and one box spices.
One puncheon linens ; two boxes printed linens.
Three bundles twine.
One hundred and ten cheeses.
One cask of nails ; forty-eight hampers of wine.
One bale cinnamon ; four boxes pipes.
A parcel of oakum.
All of which I promise to deliver in like good order, as
when shipped, to the said Wm. White, or his assigns, at
New-York or St. Augustine, he or they paying freight for
said goods as per charter party, danger of the seas excepted,
having signed three receiptsr of this same tenor and date ;
one whereof being fulfilled the others to be void.
WILLIAM WILKINSON.
[Letter from William Rogers.]
Baltiviore, in Maryland, January 17, 1777.
Sir — We arrived in this port ten days ago, from a cruise
with a schooner and a brig that we have taken ; the schoo-
ner is from Halifax, bound for New- York. Enclosed you
have a copy of the receipt the master gave for the cargo.
She is a double-decked schooner of about sixty tons bur-
den. I expect that she has many things in that are not
in this account, as the owner is on board with his wife,
and these are goods that was on freight. The brig is
claimed in Baltimore, and I expect will be cleared, from
what I can learn. Enclosed you have a true copy of all
her papers ; and if such vessels are cleared, what encou-
ragement has men to cruise. I have libelled them both in
the Court of Admiralty. I hope you will send Tom Pier-
son, or let me know who to appoint here for an agent. If
the brig is not condemned, I expect that I shall not be able
to get to sea again, for all hands will leave me, and there
is no such thing as getting men here ; that I shall w^ant to
know what must be done with the Montgomerie. I hope
to hear from you as soon as possible ; and
Am, your most obedient humble servant,
WILLIAM ROGERS.
To the President of the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from the Committee of Westchester.]
Bedford, nil February, 1777.
Sir — Whereas Capt. Hezekiali Gray did about three
or four weeks ago receive verbal orders from Colo. Gil-
bard Drake to raise a company of rangers, which he did
to the number of about forty privates. Since then he re-
360
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
ceived verbal orders from two of ihc committee for detect-
ing conspiracies against this State, to be stationed at Bed-
ford and scout to the northwest of Bedford and North
Castle, in order to break up a company of rangers to the
amount of about eighty men who have appeared under arms
in a body, and it is supposed have committed several most
horrid robberies in his route ; he has taken a number of
our enemies, six whereof were actually Rogers's men.
And, whereas, a report and suspicion is now spreading that
there was no order from Convention for raising such a
company, and that of consequence he could get no pay or
provisions for the same, unless at his own cost, we hum-
bly pray you take the matter into consideration and let us
know the opinion or minds of Convention in the affair.
We also transmit to you copies of several resolves of
the committee of Bedford for your approbation, or other-
wise the oath of allegiance to this State, coming to Bed-
ford but a few days before the time limited for administer-
ing the same, whereby a great many friends were not able
to subscribe it by the lime, but have since taken it by
virtue of the exception in the resolve. Many others ob-
jected because the time was expired, and as they say could
not be administered with propriety to them.
1st. Resolved, in committee, Thata letter be sent to Con-
vention requesting a prolongation of the oath, or other
directions in the affair.
2ndly. A complaint was made by Mary Harris that she
was pregnant with a bastard child, and that Henry Lord
did begat the same.
Resolved, That upon her oath a warrant be granted
against said Lord in ordertosecure the town. Said Lord was
brought and ordered to give bonds to indemnify the town ;
he disputed the authority of the committee in the affair.
It was resolved that said Lord be sent to Convention under
guard for noncompliance.
3dly. Resolved, That the committee of Bedford do sell
the excise for retailing spirituous liquors in Bedford ; that
any tavern keeper or other person who shall sell any
spirituous liquors less than five gallons at a time without a
license from this committee after the first day of February,
during one whole year, shall forfeit five pounds for every
offence, being duly proved ; and that the moneys arising
from sales of the excise and fines of offenders shall be
appropriated to the use of this town.
Voted, That no man be allowed to keep a tavern in this
town unless he has or will previously take the oath of
allegiance to this State.
We humbly pray you will let us know with a letter by
the bearer, how you approve of our conduct in each of the
above resolves.
Written by order of the committee.
LEWIS McDonald, chairman.
To the Honourable Convention.
[Letter from Genl. Washington, at Morris Town.]
Head-Quarters, )
Morris Town, 10th Feby. 1776. $
Gentlemen — After every attempt to stop the progress
of the smallpox, I found that it gained such head among
the southern troops, that there was no possible way
of saving the lives of those who had not had it, but by intro-
ducing inoculation generally. The physicians are now
making the proper prep^irations to inoculate all at the
several posts in this quarter, and Doct. Shippen will inocu-
late all the recruits that have not had the disorder, as fast
as they come into Philadelphia. They will lose no time
by this operation, as they will go through while their cloth-
ing, arms and accoutrements are preparing.
That the army may be kept as clear as possible of this
terrible disorder, I have recommended it to every State
which is to send troops to the army in this department, im-
mediately to begin upon the inoculation of their recruits,
and to continue till they have gone through the whole. By
these means very few will be down at a time, and of those
many will be fit for duty (siiould the occasion be pressing)
the whole time.
I think your hospital for this purpose, should be at or
in the neighbourhood of Peekskill, because if the enemy
should hear that many of our men were down, and should
make an attempt to fall upon us at that time, many of the
patients would, as I said before, be as able to give oppo-
sition as if they were entirely well.
We intend for the present to keep the matter as much a
secret as possible, and I would advise you to do the same.
After the first and second division of patients, (who should
be inoculated at an interval of five or six days) have gone
through, the thing will be extremely light and of little con-
sequence whether it is known or not.
I have the honour to be, with great respect.
Gentlemen, your very hble servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Hon. the Convention
of the Stale of New-York.
[Wm. Duer's letter in favour of Joseph Hunt. J
Cromwell's, February 6, 1776.
Sir — I beg leave to recommend to the attention of the
Honourable Convention the bearer, Mr. Joseph Hunt, who
has done essential service to the public cause since the
march of the army into the county of Westchester. For
particulars I must refer you to General Scott and Mr.
Langden. Since the retreat of the army from King's
Bridge, he has been obliged to fly with his family to avoid
the resentment of the enemy, and I have given him encou-
ragement that he should have permission to hire the farm
belonging to Captain Campbell of Fredericksburgh, who is
now in the enemy's service. I flatter myself that the Ho-
nourable Convention will think proper to confirm the hope
I have given him.
I should with great pleasure attend the House, agree-
able to their summons, could I do it without injuring
the public service ; but you may be assured, sir, that if
some of the committee of Convention do not attend to col-
lecting the forage, that important object will either be to-
tally neglected, or the inhabitants, from the rapaciousness
of the soldiers will, under the mask of obtaining forage, be
plundered of the few effects which have been left them.
As the money which the committee have drawn from
the Treasury is near expended, it will be necessary to fur-
nish us with a further sum, in order to enable us to carry
on the business entrusted to our care.
I have the honour to be, sir,
Your obedient humble servant,
W. DUER.
To the President of the Hon. Convention
of the State of Xew-York.
[Letter from General Schuyler.]
Albany, February 4, 1777.
Sir — I am honoured with your letter of the .30th ult.
The observations it contains on the subject of determining
the price to be given for commodities, carry great weight
with them ; but I can not see that they militate against
lodging a power some where to take what is wanted for
the public service, " paying therefor the usual price," by
which I meant such a price as the articles that may be
wanted are now sold for. The power might undoubtedly
be abused, and some monopolizers be made to suffer be-
yond their demerits ; but as a confidence must in all affairs
be placed somewhere, suppose the officers I mentioned,
when they can not procure what is indispensably necessary
for the army, should apply to the committee of this city
and county, or their sub-committee, for a warrant to spe-
cify from whom the things are to be taken, and the price
paid ; this might perhaps answer the end. I assure you,
that neither the deputy Quarter-Master-General, nor the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
361
deputy Commissary-General, can procure what is neces-
sary, although they offer the market price ; and I clearly
foresee, that unless flour or wheat is procured so as to be
sent up in winter, the army will not only greatly suffer, but
I fear will not be able to remain at Tyconderoga next cam-
paign ; for it is next to impossible to send on a daily sup-
ply for a large army in the spring of the year.
I have the honour to be.
With great esteem, sir,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
James Livingston, Esq. Chairman
of the Committee of Safety of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from H. Hamtramck.]
Esopus, February 27, 1777.
Dear Sir — I have waited with the greatest impatience,
for these several days past, to represent my situation to the
committee of arrangement. I have not yet been able to
see any person but Mr. Cuyler, who has this day gone to
Head-Quarters upon particular business. I wish I had an
opportunity of settling my affair immediately, as a delay
may be attended with bad consequences. My reason is
this : Yesterday Colo. Du Boys was here, and he says he
wants two captains to complete his corps of officers. Per-
haps this circumstance, if known to the committee, would
turn to my advantage. But when will they make a Board ?
When shall I be able to have an interview with them ? I
should acknowledge it, sir, as a particular favour, if you
would advise, as soon as possible, what step to take. I
need urge no arguments to induce your compliance with
this request ; your own goodness will prompt you to ren-
der every service to your neglected friend.
H. HAMTRAMCK.
Robert Yates, Esq.
[Capt. Hamtramck's recommendation.]
Captain John Hamtramck, a native of Canada, was
one of the first men who, on the 15th Septr. 1775, with
Col. James Livingston, joined the army under the com-
mand of General Montgomery, where he was appointed
by the General, commissary, in which office he was of
very great service to our army in procuring provisions.
The 31st January, 1776, he was appointed a captain in
Col. Duggan's regiment, in which station he behaved him-
self as a good officer and friend to the cause of America.
Afterwards, he was ordered to the Cedars under the com-
mand of Col. Biddle, where he was taken prisoner by the
British troops and savages, where he was stripped of all
his clothes and other necessaries, and afterwards, when
set at liberty, immediately joined the American army at
Fort Chamblee.
From his character and conduct, the goodness of which
we have been eye-witnesses of, we hope your Honours
will order an examination to be made into his present cir-
cumstances, and make no doubt but upon a proper scruti-
ny being made into his past behaviour, he will be found a
person fit for to serve this country as an officer, and not be
neglected after sacrificing his property, leaving his native
home and relatives, to be of service to the cause of liberty
and this country.
We have the honour to be, with due respect,
Honoured gentlemen.
Your most obedient and most humble servants,
JAS. LIVINGSTON, Colo.
P. GANSEVOORT, Colo.
CORNS. V. DYCK, LI. Colo.
CHRISR. P. YATES, Major.
To the Honourable President and Members
of the Convention of Representatives of
the State of New- York.
[Vol. II.] 91
[Letter from Robt. Livingston, relative to his furnace.]
Manor Livingston, Feby. 1777.
Gentlemen — In answer to your request of casting can-
non in my furnace for the use of the Continent, be pleas-
ed to be assured that I am very desirous of serving my
country to the utmost of my power, but many difficulties
will attend this undertaking. I have not a man about my
works who is anywise acquainted with this branch of
business, nor do I know where to procure them, although
I make no doubt but they are to be had.
2nd. I fear my furnace is too low built for the casting of
any guns larger than 4 or 6 pounders.
3dly. If I should cast cannon, we can not make a suf-
ficient quantity of pigs to keep the forges at work to sup-
ply the country with bar iron, which is most essentially
necessary for the raising of provision.
4thly. My forges and workmen must lay idle all the next
year, a loss this, both to the country and myself, which is
hardly to be repaired.
5thly. I can not possibly begin to blow before the 20th
May next at soonest, and even then I should find it diffi-
cult, as I have no stock of coal or ore on my bank, nor
indeed have I sufficient number of woodcutters to cut the
quantity wanted, which is 6,000 cords, hands being scarce
and difficult to be had ; I shall at least want 40 more than
I now have if I must begin to blow in May, and where to
get these I hardly know, though I am willing to pay them
2s. ()d. per cord, which is 6d. more than I ever gave.
Upon the whole, I foresee so many obstacles, am so little
acquainted with the business, the charges that must attend
it are so very great, that though I can not refuse any thing
which the State thinks it occasionable to require from me,
yet in my own opinion, even the public interest would be bet-
ter promoted by establishing a cannon foundry at some other
work. If, however, it should be thought necessary that
I should engage in this busmess, your final directions must
be given at farthest by the 10th of March, as besides
black lead, steel and other materials, skilful workmen and
labourers must be procured and buildings erected.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient servt,
ROBT. LIVINGSTON.
Messrs. Livingston and Mohris.
[Genl. Washington's recommendation of Lieut. Col. Renier.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Morrislown, Feby. 20th, 1777. J
Gentlemen — The exigencies of our affairs requiring
that the several regiments voted by Congress should be
officered without further delay, I beg leave to recommend
to your notice, Colo. Renier, to fill the place of lieutenant-
colonel in Colo. Henry B. Livingston's regiment, raising
in your State, which I am told is vacant.
I am not acquainted with Colo. Renier myself, but from
the recommendations I have of him, he is a gentleman of
honour, a diligent and brave officer, and well qualified for
that command. His attachment to the cause of America
is not to be questioned, having given many proofs of it,
and sacrificed his fortune, as I am told, to her interest.
The latter might be urged as a reason for a generous com-
pensation, but would not be a sufficient ground for his pro-
motion, did he not possess the other requisites ; but as he
does, he has a claim upon our good offices, and, I trust,
will approve himself worthy of your favour.
I have the honour to be, with great respect.
Gentlemen, yr. most obedt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
[Letter from Jno. Hancock, Esqr. President in Congreffl at Baltimore.]
Baltimore, Feby. 20th, 1777.
Gentlemen — In consequence of the proceedings of the
several committees from the States of Massachusetts Bay,
362
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
Connecticut, New-Hampshire and Rhode-Island being laid
before Congress, they have come to the enclosed resolves,
which I am commanded to transmit to you, together with
those parts of the minutes that relate to the price of labour
and other articles.
Although Congress approve the measures adopted by
that Body to prevent the depreciation of their currency,
(except striking bills to bear interest,) yet they have refer-
red to the consideration of the other States, the propriety
of regulating the prices of goods, and at the same time re-
commend to them to devise such expedients as they may
think will be most likely to remedy the evils occasioned by
the exhorbitant prices of manufactures, and all other arti-
cles of trade. I am, therefore, to request you will appoint
commissioners to meet at Yorktown, in Pennsylvania, on
the third Monday in March next, then and there to confer
with other commissioners from the States of New-Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia, on the
subject of adopting such a system of regulation as may be
most suitable to those States. I beg leave to request your
attention to the whole of the enclosed resolves.
And have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obed. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Honourable Convention of the Slate
of New- York.
[Letter from Daniel Terbos, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill Landing, Feby. 2()th, 1777.
Sir — I am under the necessity of troubling you with
these, which must request you to lay before the Convention
as soon as convenient.
Some time in September last, Capt. Redfield, in one of
the Continental brigs, (now laying in Esopus creek,) came to
my store laden with iron and rigging, which was taken
from the vessels sunk at Fort Washington. The cap-
lain declared to me that part of the iron was his own pri-
vate property, and that he was at liberty to dispose of it.
He offered it to me for sale ; I accordingly purchased about
33001bs. at 20s. per cwt. ; all which remained in my pos-
session until a few days ago, when it was claimed by Mr.
Hughes, one of the commissarys, as belonging to the Con-
tinent ; and part of it already taken away by Mr. Dobbs,
his agent. As my interest as well as character must suffer,
unless this matter is cleared up, I must beg that the Ho-
norable House would cause Capt. Redfield to be cited be-
fore them, that he may declare by what authority he sold
the iron ; and to do further therein as they shall judge ex-
pedient.
From, sir, your humb. servt.
DANIEL TERBOS.
[Letter from Samuel Loudon, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, 20th Feb. 1777.
Dear Sir — I have sent you herewith, two of the arti-
cles of war, as a consideration for yours. If I get another
of the same as yours, I'll keep it for you. Interim, be sa-
tisfied until that time comes. Do oblige me with the names
of the gentlemen, members of our Convention; I really don't
know their names ; the letters were lying for them in the
post-office. Also oblige me with a copy of the minutes
concerning my pension. If any news with you, send me
a narrative. I beg you would befriend me so far as to try
to check an idle criticism on any part of my paper, as far
as you think my conduct defensible, and be still so friend-
ly as you have been, in giving me a hint of advice or re-
proof ; they will be esteemed salutary by me. Their send-
ing for another printer, is indeed a gross affront ; it carries
this with it, that I have neither ability nor prudence to con-
duct my paper. Let my former papers testify in my be-
half; good judges gave mine the preference to any other in
New-York. I still mean to do all in my power to merit
approbation; but malevolence is hard to repel. In haste,
I am, dr. sir, your most hbl. servt.
SAML. LOUDON.
John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Col. Pawling.]
Jiamepough, Feb. Kth, 1777.
Dear Sir — In compliance to your request, I have made
proper inquiry respecting the four men you made mention
of, to wit. Cumins, Crookshanks, Thompson and Dennis,
and I find by good authority that they have been in New-
York ; it need not be doubted in the least. So that I e.x-
pect proper steps will be taken to bring them to justice. I
have no news.
I am, sir, with great regard,
Your assured friend and most hum. serv,
LEVI PAW^LING.
[Letter from the Albany Committee.]
Albany Co.mmittee Chamber, )
IHth February, 1777. J
A petition of John Hamtramck was laid before this
Board, setting forth among other things, that he left Ca-
nada, his native country, to support the cause of America,
and as he was now entirely out of employ, prayed that this
Board would be pleased to grant him such a recommenda-
tion or certificate as they shall deem proper.
This committee taking the same into consideration, and
having had sufficient proof of his good behaviour and con-
duct, do thereupon resolve to recommend him to the com-
mittee of arrangement in this State, as a fit person to sup-
ply a vacancy equal to his former rank, in case any such
there be.
Extract from the minutes.
xMAT. VISSCHER, Secretary.
[Letter from Robert Livingston. ]
Manor Livingston, February 17, 1777.
Dear Sir — Agreeable to your request of the 12th cur-
rent, I have this day sent your memorandum for the iron
to my works, with orders to my clerk to have it drawn out
of hand, and when done to let me know, that I may send
for it. I trust it will be in the course of this week, pro-
vided the frost does not hinder the works, of which no
likelihood at present. Be pleased to assure the gentlemen
of the Convention of my readiness to serve the public
cause.
I am their and your
Most obedient humble servant,
ROBT. LIVINGSTON.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq.
[Letter from Robert Livingston, Esq. at Livingston's Manor.]
Manor Livingston, February 17, 1777.
Sir — It is now about twenty-three years ago, that I had
eight German boys ; some one of them told me one day,
that he had seen some stones in the manor that would an-
swer to make gun-flints, and that if I would give him leave
he would give directions to a blacksmith to make tools, and
he would cut them ; that he had made them in Germany ;
but as it was at that day no object, took no further notice
of it.
I think his name was Hendrick Miller ; but am not cer-
tain. Miller, am told, lives some where five, six or eight
miles northeast of the place where Mr. Fitch lived, be-
tween Kinderhook and Albany. If he can be found, am
persuaded he could inform the gentlemen of the committee
more particular. I sent ray son, Mr. Peter, this information
some time ago to Fishkill to communicate.
I am, sir, vour most obedt. humble servt.
ROBT. LIVINGSTON.
Matthew Adgate, Esq-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
363
[Letter from Fred. Weissenfels.]
Fishkill, February 17, 1777.
I have made free to recommend Doctor Graham's son
for an ensigncy. His name is Doris Van Wyck Graham,
If there is any vacancy, I would be obliged to you to fa-
vour him with the appointment.
I have also some time agone recommended one Mr.
Christopher Bennett for a paymaster, and the Reverend
Mr. Graham for our chaplain. I rely upon your favour,
and expect you will please to let me know the success
these gentlemen have to expect, that I may have it in my
power to acquaint them with the same.
I am, with much respect, sir,
Your most humble servant,
FRED. W^EISSENFELS.
To Robert Yates, Esq.
[Lient. George Smith's affidavit.]
Lieut. George Smith, of lawful age, testifies and says :
That in the expedition to Long-island, upon landing at the
head of Brookhaven harbour, some one observed that there
were two vessels lying at the dock loaded with wood, they
supposed for Howe's army at New-York ; upon which Colo.
Henry B. Livingston ordered a guard to be sent on board
the vessels, and to see if any one was aboard who might
give an alarm, and to secure such person or persons if any
were found on board. The deponent never knew that
there was such a person as Colonel Gardiner until they
arrived back to New-Haven ; but heard that said Colonel
Gardiner landed with a party of men, with thirteen or fif-
teen boats, and concludes with a considerable degree of
certainty, that from the place where said Colo. Gardiner
landed, and from the pilots that were with him, he might
have joined Colo. Livingston within an hour and a half
after they landed, which was about twelve o'clock ; and
deponent thinks that Colo. Gardiner landed near about the
same time ; the distance from the place where Colo. Gardi-
ner landed to the town where the attack was to be made
being about four miles and a half; but the party who
landed with Colo. Gardiner did not join Colo. Livingston
until about seven or eight o'clock the next morning. Just
before Colo. Livingston set out for New-Haven, said de-
ponent saw a letter or some kind of information to Gene-
ral Howe, certifying that he had ordered loaded with wood
two boats for General Howe. Said paper was signed
with Capt. Jacob Smith's own hand-writing, as he thinks;
and he took it the two vessels aforesaid, which Colo. Liv-
ingston had ordered seized as prizes, were the vessels spe-
cified in said paper, which have since been libelled at
New-Haven by order of Col. Livingston. While the party
ordered on the expedition to Long island lay at Stratford
Point, and after they were ordered off, a boat commanded
by one of Colo. Richmond's lieutenants, came alongside
the Sea-Flower, and told Colo. Livingston that his officers
were unwilling to go for Long island on account of the
weather being bad. Colo. Livingston asked him who
they were ; upon which he said it was a short, thick man.
Lest it should be the deponent's captain. Roe, (the descrip-
tion answering to him,) he petitioned to go on shore him-
self, just as Colo. Livingston was going into the boat ;
upon which said deponent was sent on shore, with orders
not to leave the shore until every boat was put olT. Upon
his arriving on shore, he found that part of the encampment
where Colo. Livingston's party had been was almost clear,
the boats having almost all gone off, Colo. Richmond's
men being almost all round the fires. Upon his inquiring
for Captain Roe, whose character he was afraid would suf-
fer by the aforesaid lieutenant's information to Colo. Liv-
ingston ; he was not to be found ; but after waiting some
time Captain Roe came ashore, having, as he said, been
off the farthest of any boat that night, and was then ordered
on shore by Colo. Richmond.
[Captain Rowe's affidavit.]
Capt. Daniel Rowe, of lawful age, testifies and says,
(being duly sworn) That in the expedition to Long island,
he was a captain in Col. Henry B. Livingston's regiment;
that the whale boats went within the harbour and the fore-
most were ordered to stop at the beach within the harbour
until the last of the boats came up. Col. Livingston had
the command of the party, and ordered us to go up to the
wharf or landing place. As I was acquainted with the har-
bour, I was the first that went up ; but before we went
into the harbour the Spy lay off a place called the Oldfield,
about a mile west of the harbour, and I went in my boat
near the stern of the Spy, and met some boats who told
me that we had orders to stand into the harbour ; the time
of tide was a better than half flood, and a fair wind, and as
I have several years been acquainted with the harbour, I
have no doubt but the Spy might have safely entered the
harbour. The party under the command of Lt. Col. Gar-
diner, landed as I understood, on the beach about two miles
from the head of the harbour, and about one mile east of
the mouth of the harbour ; from the place where they land-
ed to where we took the sloops did not exceed two miles
and a half in my judgment. The reason why they landed
where they did was as I suppose, stress of weather, and
not being thoroughly acquainted with the harbour, but they
might have came up either by land or water. After the
greater part were entered the harbour, we lay at the beach
about an hour waiting for the rear to come up ; our orders
were to follow the lights of the Spy. After we had arrived
at the wharf, we saw two sloops lying at the wharf laden
with wood, viz. the one libelled by the name of the Prin-
cess Mary, owned by Eben. Jones, and the other the Lily
owned by Benj. Tyler, which two sloops Col. Livingston
ordered us to take as prizes, and accordingly took posses-
sion of them, and Col. Livingston set a guard upon the
sloops and then we proceeded on the expedition, having
placed a captain's guard to take care of the boats and bag-
gage. Col. Gardiner did not join us until next morning
about nine or ten o'clock, after Col. Livingston had sent a
boat to notify him ; and I was told that one of said sloops
viz. Jones, was bound to New- York with wood for the
King's troops ; and said vessel was taken possession of by
Col. Livingston's detachment, and part of Col. Richmond's
regiment landed with us and were present when said ves-
sels were taken possession of ; and the deponent further
says, that when we were going off from Stratford Point to
Setauket, the Spy stood off and I was following her lights,
when the Spy put about and was standing in for shore,
when I received orders to put to shore, upon which I put
about and rowed ashore, and the rest of the boats came on
shore ; which orders I understood to be from Col. Rich-
mond who was on board the Spy ; and after we had got on
shore. Col. Livingston came on shore and ordered us off
again.
[Two letters from John Lawrence.]
Milford, Dec. 26tli, 1776.
Sir — I received your esteemed favour of the 17lh insl.
and note the contents. I went over to New-Haven and ac-
quainted Mr. Fitch that I had orders from you to sell the
sloops you brought from Long island ; on which he told me
I might give myself no concern about the matter, as he
should take and sell them. It seems the law of this State
is such, that the sheriff of each county has it in his power
to take charge of all prizes or prize goods, after they are
condemned by the court of admirally. the same as if they
were taken by an execution. I shall refer you to Capt.
Piatt by whom this goes, for particulars, after which you
will please to direct me how to act in this matter.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
JOHN LAWRENCE.
Henry B. Livingston, Esq.
364
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Milford, January 2d, 1777.
Sir— Since I wrote on the other side, Mr. Edwards the
attorney, and Col. Fitch tiie sheriflf, has sold your two sloops
without giving me the least notice of the sale of them ; nor
even the people that lived at the upper end of the wharf
knew nothing of the sale of them, it was conducted in such
a private manner. I sliall leave you to judge of the matter
wiieii I come to let you know what the vessels sold for ;
the new sloop they sold for fifty pounds, and the other they
sold for twenty-five pounds, so that you see the two ves-
sels that was worth five hundred pounds, just fetch seven-
ty-five pounds ; poor encouragement for the people that
ventured their lives for them, if matters are thus to be con-
ducted. Mr. Edwards and a fiiend of his bought both the
vessels. I called on that gentleman and told him he ought
to have advertised them and tell the public where they
were to be sold ; he made little or no answer, only that
your part of the two vessels come to about fourteen pounds
and that I might receive it, if I had a proper power of at-
torney from you. In answer I told him I should receive no
such sum until I heard from you, so that you will please
to write me what to do in the mailer.
I am, sir, your most humble servant.
JOHN LAWRENCE, Junr.
Henrt B. Livingston, Esq.
LGovr. Trumbull's order for the Long island excursion.]
State of Connecticut, ss. — By the Captain-General.
Whereas there was some time since a proposa
made and orders given by General Washington for Colo.
Richmond's regiment, to be joined by Colo. Mcintosh's
regiment, and part of a regiment under the command of
Lieut. Colo. Livingston, with a number of whale boats
and other transport vessels, to make a descent upon some
part of Long island, and there to the utmost of their pow-
er, annoy and distress the enemy, and thereby give a di-
version to the enemy ; but by unavoidable delays, and the
present situation of the army. General Washington has
seen fit to order Colo. Mcintosh's regiment to join the
army ; and at this time, Colo. Richmond's regiment, now
consisting of about three hundred men, fit for duty, anc
the term of their enlistment being nearly expired, renders
it inconvenient for them to join the army. And although
the first design of the expedition is in a great measure
frustrated, yet it is thought many valuable purposes may
yet be answered by the remainder of Colo. Richmond's
and Colo. Livingston's regiments proceeding to Long is-
land, where it is highly probable they may annoy the ene-
my and relieve our friends, by bringing them off with such
of their valuable effects as they may be able to procure.
I do, therefore, advise and direct Colo. Richmond anc
Lieut. Colo. Livingston, with such parts of their regi-
ments as are now with them, forthwith to prepare and pro-
ceed to Long island, to such place as they shall think pro-
per, to both annoy the enemy and to give support and relief
to our friends, by bringing them with the best of their
effects, to some part of the main as they shall desire.
And in prosecuting the aforesaid purpose and design,
you are directed immediately to send off six whale boats,
with thirty-six men of those best acquainted with the situ-
ation of the places, and will best answer the purpose, un-
der the command of a proper officer or officers, taking
with them three of the transports which may be suitable,
and for them to make the best of their way to South Hold
bay, to a place called the Canoe place, from thence across
into South bay, to proceed up that bay as far as to a place
called Mastick, and relieve and bring off such of the ef-
fects of Col. Floyd and others of our friends in that quar-
ter as may be in their power, and return to the most con-
venient port on the main as soon as possible. It is intend-
ed that Colo. Richmond, when his service is over, that he
return the whale boats, which belong to Rhode Island. It
is to be desired that the other whale boats be secured in
the port of New London, or other safe place on the main.
Given under my hand in New-Haven, the 2Blh of Octo-
ber, A. D. 1776.
A true copy.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
New-Haven, October QHth, 1776.
To Lieut. Col. Henry B. Livingston :
Sir — You are hereby requested, in consequence of the
within orders, to be in readiness with the men under your
command, and with them to embark by half past two in
the afternoon of Tuesday the 29th instant.
By command,
WILLM. RICHMOND, Esqr.
Col. CommdCt Rhode Island Forces.
Geo. Richards, Secry.
[Caleb BrewBler's affidavit.]
Caleb Brewster, of lawful age, being duly sworn, tes-
tifies and says, that when the expedition was going for-
ward to Long island, Col. H. B. Livingston applied to me
and asked me if I was acquainted with the navigation in
the Sound ; upon which I told him I was, and he directed
me to go on board the Spy, Capt. Niles commander, and
pilot said vessel to Long island. Accordingly I went on
board as a pilot ; at the same time Col. Richmond took
passage on board the Spy, and said Capt. Niles was to lead
the flat bottomed boats by carrying lights in the cabin win-
dow. Accordingly we arrived within three-quarters of a
mile of Brookhaven harbour, the place of destination, in
7 fathoms water; after we hove about. Col. Richmond
asked Capt. Niles if he intended to go into the harbour ? he
answered he would not. Col. Richmond asked him why ?
He said he had like to have lost his vessel once, (mention-
ing the place where,) and he was not going to risk her
again. I told him there was water enough, and I would
run the risk of carrj'ing the vessel in ; upon which he said
he would not go in, and added, I'll be damned if I go in ;
my vessel shall not go in to-night. We then went below to
supper. Col. Richmond said, by the account of the pilot,
it seems we may go in safe. Capt. Niles says, it does not
signify, I will not go ; upon which. Col. Richmond says,
I am glad that Lieut. Col. Gardner is on shore, as he will
take the command ; and it did not appear to me that Col.
Richmond was very anxious about going on shore, otherwise
he would have been more strenuous in urging Capt. Niles
to go into the harbour. It also appeared to me that Col.
Richmond might have got on board a whale boat if one
had come alongside, and have gone on shore ; and there
were three whale boats came by after the above conversa-
tion, and he did not hail any of them to come alongside
and take him in. And said Capt. Niles further said in the
course of conversation, he absolutely would not go in unless
Col. Richmond took the command of the vessel from him ;
and the boats had not more than got ashore before Capt.
Niles hove about and went to Milford. And the deponent
further says, that before we went to Long island, when we
went off from Stratford Point, I came out of the cabin and
heard Col. Richmond ask what was the matter the boats
were not come from shore ? Major Barton, (as I took it
to be,) said he did not know what was the matter ; upon
which Col. Richmond ordered the boats on shore, and
then Col. Livingston, upon that, came up and asked Col.
Richmond what he meant by ordering the boats on shore ?
Col. Richmond said, I understand your detachment will
not come off. Col. Livingston said, it is not my detach-
ment that will not come off, but yours ; and then Capt.
Griffin, of Col. Livingston's regiment, says our people
are all off; and then Col. Livingston says, keep away, I
have got them all off ; and then we stood for the island.
Question. — B}- Col. Livingston. Did Col. Richmond
express any uneasiness about the boats putting ashore ?
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
365
Answer.— Re said he had been waiting at New-Haven
about a fortnight for this expedition, and his men had but
either nine or eleven days' time before their time was out,
and if the boats did not come off then, he would not go
at all.
Q.— Did Col. Richmond appear to be very uneasy about
the boats not coming off?
A. — He did not appear to be very uneasy about it, nor
very easy.
fLetter from Henry B. Livingston, Esqr. enclosing several papers.]
Fishkill, Feby. 16, 1777.
Gentlemen — This is directed to you as the only per-
sons in whose power it is to redress the injuries done to
the subjects of this State by those of another. The man-
ner in which I have been treated with regard to prizes
captured by me on Long island, is more insulting than
distressing; the loss is so trifling that I should not think of
mentioning it, was it not for the injurious piecedent it may
establish in matters of greater importance to our welfare
as a community. The enclosed instructions, affidavits and
letters, will help to elucidate the matter.
I will now suppose you have looked them over.
According to the instructions, on a day agreed on by
Colo. Richmond and myself, the men of his regiment and
those of my detachment embarked on board 2,000 ton of
vessels which were provided. Just as we were going to
set sail for Long island, a ship was espied under that
shore by some one on board the schooner Spy ; she was
standing east, under an easy sail. This determined the
commanding officer not to proceed that night. Next morn-
ing the ship appeared hauling her wind about midway the
Sound, and opposite the harbour's mouth. It was then
thought unsafe to proceed with the sloops ; the men were
accordingly ordered on shore, and the next morning it was
determined we should proceed in our whale boats. About
two o'clock next day, we embarked and proceeded to
Stratford Point, twenty miles from New-Haven, where
we arrived about five in the evening. At nine, we having
refreshed ourselves, the men again embarked, agreeing to
follow lights that Capt. Niles was ordered to shew at his
cabin windows. His schooner, a sloop with provisions,
and a two masted boat with about forty men, were ordered
to attend us, the schooner, Capt. Niles. as a convoy.
When the boats were all off", the signal for departure was
given, we set sail. We had proceeded about a league be-
fore I perceived the boats were not with us ; on which I
ordered the master of the sloop to make a tack to the
westward and wait for them. While we were doing this,
a boat came alongside, and the officer, a Rhode-Islander,
told me the Long island men refused to come off. I asked
him who they were that refused ; he could not tell me,
but said a short, thick man. I, confident that none of
my captains would dare to refuse a positive order, hastily
got into my boat, determined to sacrifice the first man
who should refuse. I went on board the Spy and asked
Colo. Richmond the meaning of this delay ; he said the
Long island men refused to embark. I told him it was
impossible, and went to the shore to sec. Found all the
boats drawn up on the sand, and asked my captains sepa-
rately, the reasons of their behaviour. Their answer was,
that they were unjustly accused, and that Colo. Richmond
had ordered the boats on shore. I again went to Colo.
Richmond, who denied the charge. I told him, if he
pleased, I would order them off again. On his assent, I
went on shore, and by dint of threats and persuasions, got
them all ofl' but Capt. Dimond, who refused to come, de-
claring he had stove two of his boats. We then proceed-
ed without him ; when half way across the Sound, ihe
wind increased in such a manner as to make me very anx-
ious for many of the boats, one of them taking a turn from
our stern, declaring they would row no longer, being spent
with fatigue. In this situation we were when the sloop I
was in struck on a sand bar, and split her jib all to pieces.
[Vol. II.] 92
The sea beat over her in so violent a manner, that I saw
she must of necessity bilge if she lay in that situation long.
Fearful lest the expedition should miscarry, I ordered some
hands into a boat that lay alongside, leaving another for
the hands that were on board, with directions not to quit
her except in the last extremity. A little while after I had
left her she got off ; as I could not overtake her, nor she
wait for me, I determined to follow Capt. Nile's hghts, but
had not rowed long before we lost sight of the lights, oc-
casioned by Capt. Niles standing off shore. In this dilem-
ma I knew not what to do, fearing the loss of all our boats
should they not make the harbour. Being one of the first
boats I plied off and on in the surf until I found the en-
trance, and as fast as I discovered the boats, piloted them
in, until my men were so fatigued they could row no more.
I then went into the harbour, directed them where to land
and dry their guns, warm themselves by running back-
wards and forwards, they being benumbed with wet and
cold. While we were employed in this manner, I expect-
ed Colo. Richmond on shore, but as he did not arrive, lest
the day should break upon us, and by that means the ex-
pedition be frustrated, I determined to proceed without
him. I then ordered the men again to embark, and lie on
their oars, while the wind, which was still high, carried us
with great velocity one mile across the harbour, where we
landed, and placed a captain's guard over the boats. Two
sloops, that lay alongside the wharf, loaded with wood, I
ordered a corporal and some of my own men to search and
take possession of. We then, as you must have heard,
surprised Captain Smith and part of his company, with as
many arms as are specified in the enclosed return. After
this fatiguing jaunt the men were ordered to the seaside,
to refresh themselves. I then proposed marching imme-
diately to Smith Town, in order to attack the rest of Oliver
Delancey's brigade stationed there ; to this the Rhode-Is-
land officers, except two, seemed much averse ; I told
them I was determined, as we had the greatest probabili-
ty of success, and then left them to eat my breakfast. I
had not half done when I was alarmed with an account
that the Rhode-Islanders were going to leave us, and upon
examination found they had already embarked ; as they
were not out of call, I ordered the officers to return on
penalty of being put under arrest, which, after much alter-
cation, they did. They then assembled and made a formal
proposal to quit the place as it was extremely dangerous
to stay there, ships had been seen on the Sound, and a
great deal to that purpose. I soon found they were deter-
mined to leave me, therefore made a virtue of necessity,
and came away with them, brought off the two sloops,
manned with my own men. When we came to the har-
bour's mouth, Lieut. Colo. Gardner joined us ; he, it
seems, had landed on the beach with upwards of one hun-
dred men, and stayed there all this time, heard us fire,
but did not think proper to come and see what was the
matter. Colo. Richmond went back with the Spy to Strat-
ford, and arrived at New-Haven a little before we did, and
as soon as we came on shore, laid claim to a share in the
vessels that had been taken. Niles also, put in his claim.
Richmond employed lawyer Edwards to libel the vessels.
As soon as I heard of this, I employed lawyer Chauncey to
libel them for me; my libel was allowed, first, on which
Edwards commenced suit for Richmond. AH that I know
of the issue, is from the enclosed letter from Capt. Law-
rence, who was employed as my agent in that affair. By
the above state of facts, you will perceive that the advan-
tage of the capture will result to Colo. Richmond, Colo.
Gardiner and Capt. Niles, neither of whom did in the least
contribute to it ; and my men (to whom I transferred my
share,) deprived of their just reward.
I am, gent, with respect.
Your most obedt. hum. servant,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
The Honble. Convention of the
State of New-York.
366
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Joseph Bend, Chairman of the Committee of Cortland
Manor.]
In Committee, )
Cortlandl Manor, January, '22d, 1777. ji
Voted for Captain Steenrod and Benjamin Jones, to be
suitable persons, and well qualified for the business, and
such nien as can soon get a company of suitable men, and
many that can furnish themselves with good horses, and be
ready for service soon. As there is a great many tories
that wants none, and Capt. Steenrod knows them, and he
will do well, for he wont do any thing for favours ; he will
serve all alike ; and if the Provincial thinks that a horse
company is not to be raised, let a company of rangers be
raised, and have them ready to take care of the manor.
Sir, by order of the committee.
JOSEPH BEND, Chairman.
[Letter from Jas. Gregg.]
Kingston, 22d Feby. 1777.
About five weeks ago I went a journey to Paramus, re-
cruiting, and stopped one night at Hopper's, and acquired
some intimacy with Mr. Hopper ; and set out early next
morning to Closter, where I stayed about three weeks, and
returned by the same road, and came to the same house,
where I again lodged a night. Among other discourse,
Mrs. Hopper informed me, that shortly after I went to
Closter, Mr. Cummings, whom she knew, and two or three
others lodged there a night, and said they were going to
Philadelphia, and departed next morning down the road
towards Hackensack ; and about three weeks afterwards,
(I believe the night before my return) thev came to the
same place in company with a gentleman she did not know,
and said they were come from Philadelphia. Mrs. Hop-
per asked which way they came, as the bridge at Augh-
Quaghanon was broken down ; Mr. Cummings said they
came a roundabout road, he knew not where. The next
morning a negro came there with a trunk, and asked if the
gentleman did not leave a dollar for him. Mrs. Hopper
asked again if the trunk belonged to tiie strange gentleman
who came from York ; the negro answered it did, and des-
cribed him by his dress ; and being asked when he went
to York, and when he returned with those gentlemen, he
told her particularly, but I can not recollect his answer.
Mrs. Hopper says the strange gentlemen was a tall, hand-
some young man, very genteelly dressed in a plain suit of
broad cloth, with boots and spurs ; that he kept his fur cap
on all the time, though Mrs. Hopper told him that the room
was warm, and he might take it ofT. He spoke very little,
not more than yes or no, the whole evening. Mrs. Hop-
per said, by his air and appearance she suspected him to
be a regular officer.
JAS. GREGG.
[Letter from Phillip Leek, at Bedford.]
Bedford, 27th February, 1777.
Sir — In consequence of being appointed a commission-
er to purchase clothing for the use of the army in this State,
I have purchased the following articles, viz :
£ 4. d.
9 doz. stockings at about 8s. 6<i. on an average, 45 18 0
?j doz. pr. mittens, at 2s. 3d 4 1 0
3 doz. wool hats, at 12.s 21 18 0
50 pr. shoes, at 16s 40 9 0
50 pr. leather breeches, at 31s 77 10 0
3 bolls of oznaburgs at 4s. per yard ; one bolt containing
66 ells, the others not yet exactly known, supposed
to be about 180 yards in the whole, 36 0 0
X224 17 0
More shoes and stockings I expect, and a number of
linen shirts soon.
If you will please to direct the Treasurer to send me by
Major Lockwood, or any other safe hand, about two hund-
dred pounds on account, until I can send the exact account
for settlement, you will very much oblige the public's
Very humble servant.
PHILIP LEEK.
P. S. Please to direct me where to send the clothing.
To the President of the Convention.
[Letter from Colonel Duer.]
Cromwell't, nth Feby. 1777.
Sir — I am directed by the committee of Convention,
now in this county, to transmit to you sundry copies of
letters which have passed between them. General Heath
and Genl. Wooster ; from which you will see how imme-
diate a necessity there is for sending a proper force into
the lower parts of this county, under the command of an
active and vigilant officer, unless it is the intention of the
State to abandon this quarter to the enemy and to sacrifice
those who have stood firm in their country's cause in the
worst of times.
After Genl. Heath's precipitate retreat from King's
Bridge, General Washington gave him orders to send over
the main body of his army into the Jerseys, excepting
what force was necessary for covering the foraging parties;
and directed him to consult with Mr. Duer, one of our
members, and other persons acquainted with the country,
concerning the number of men which would be neces.sary
for that purpose, and the disposition to be made of them.
On this subject, the letters marked No. 1 to 8 passed be-
tween this committee and Genls. Heath and Wooster; by
which you will obser^'e, that notwithstanding Genl. Heath's
assurances, and their recommnedation, the whole force left
in the lower parts of this county (since the dismission of
the militia from Rhitiebeck, who, according to our pro-
mise, have been dismissed at the expiration of a month's
service) will not exceed, in the course of this week, 900
men, Colo. Humphries not having 150 men with him, and
Capt. Delavan's company at present not exceeding 70
men. Out of this force, a guard is to be left at the Saw-
pits, and another at the magazine at Wright's Mills, ex-
clusive of necessary guards, &c. so that your Honourable
Body will easily see that we have by no means a force
sufficient for executing the two purposes recommended in
our letter to General Heath, No. much less to cut off
the communication with the enemy betwixt Ward's and
the North river. You will observe by a letter from Mr.
M. Leavenworth, adjutant-general to Genl. Wooster, to
Colo. Humphries, that the original intention of Genl.
Wooster was to persist in the old mode of retreating ; this
order, Colo. Humphries communicated to us ; in conse-
quence of which, the committee wailed on Genl. Woos-
ter, and fixed on the disposition mentioned in his letter to
us, of February 15lh.
It does not altogether correspond with our ideas, yet it
is the utmost we could obtain, and might answer in the
whole tolerably well, provided we could supply the chasm
betwixt Ward's house and the North river, which is left
open by the removal of General Lincoln's division. We
have directed a company of rangers, under the command
of Captain Delavan, an active officer, to scout in the inter-
val last mentioned ; and have ordered another company to
be raised under the command of Captain Saml. Town-
send. He is an officer who has distinguished himself as a
partisan, but we are afraid will not be able to fill his com-
pany so as to do timely service. We have, therefore,
earnestly to request that the Honourable Convention will
be pleased to devise ways and means of sending a body
of t) or 700 men, under the command of an active officer,
into this county. It is of the utmost consequence that a
reinforcement should be immediately sent ; without it, we
shall not be long able to maintain our post here, but be
obliged to retreat, abandoning to the enemy a vast quan-
tity of forage, cattle and grain, and leaving our friends,
who have taken the oath of allegiance to the State, a sa-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
367
crifice to a cruel enemy, unless they fly with us, and leave
their whole behind them.
These, sir, are considerations which surely deserve the
attention of the Legislature. To these arguments another
may be added, which as much concerns the interest of the
State as the other considerations affect its honour and dig-
nity, and that is — the preservation of the effects of per-
sons who have fled to or joined the enemy, which you
may be assured can not be effected but by means of the
York forces.
Should we employ the forces of Connecticut in this
service, we have too much reason to think that individuals
and not this State would receive the benefit of these for-
feitures, exclusive of the wide field which would be left
open to them of plundering our friends, under the mask of
the authority of this committee. Could not some of the
Continental forces now at Fishkills be sent into the lower
parts of this county ? Five hundred of them will do more
service than eight hundred militia, were it only for the
difference in officers, for none but those who have seen,
can tell what miserable animals they in general are.
As Colo. Humphries has been much disappointed in the
number of men he expected, we have requested him to
proceed immediately to Dutchess county, and to exert
himself in sending down what force he can possibly col-
lect. He will leave his regiment under the command of
Colo. Van Rensselaer ; and the committee will request
Major Fish to stay here, as he is an officer whose abilities
and alertness render him extremely useful.
We shall likewise endeavour, if possible, to get Colo.
Thomas to collect some volunteers from his militia ; but
this, even if obtained, will be but a small and short lived
reinforcement. At all events, some means must be
adopted for enabling us to extend our posts to the North
river, as the enemy have got information of our present
weakness.
On W^ednesday night last, a party of rangers, with two
regular ofiicers, penetrated as far as Awewalk, a place
about thirteen miles from Peekskill, from which many re-
cruits have joined the enemy, and which is infested with
tories of the most abandoned species. We are apprehen-
sive that some design is forming amongst them to destroy
our magazine of forage at Wright's mills ; for which rea-
son, we applied to Genl. Wooster to strengthen the guard,
and have also recommended it to Genl. McDougall to keep
a company under the command of a good partisan officer
in that quarter.
Through this district, an open communication has been
for some time kept up betwixt the enemy and the disaf-
fected in Dutchess county. We have likewise, on the ap-
plication of Mr. Duer, given it as our opinion that he
should take for the use of the post at Peekskill, which is
greatly distressed for hay, what forage was necessary for
the same. Without this step, the post at that place can
never be maintained with forage, unless we appropriate all
the teams we have here in order to supply it ; the conse-
quence of which would inevitably be, that no magazines of
forage could be laid up in the spring. In bringing forage from
Dutchess county, the cartage is so high and the roads so
bad, that by the time the teams arrive at Peekskill, one-
half of the hay they bring is wasted or consumed. Ano-
ther consideration has induced us to give him this opinion,
and that is — that we are confident the demand for forage
in the spring will be so great as would probably oblige us
to impress from our friends in Dutchess county ; we,
therefore, thought it best to endeavour to obviate it by im-
pressing it from our inveterate enemies in a quarter of the
county which will probal)ly be the seat of war, and is
most exposed to the depredations of the enemy.
The members of committee, now in this county, exer-
cise authority in consequence of the resolution of Conven-
tion of the 19th Deer. ; but as many of the members, in
consequence of a call of the House, are absent, a quorum
is not left, and consequently we are reduced either to the ne-
cessity of remaining inactive, or of doing matters for which
we are not strictly speaking authorized. The political situa-
tion of this county is such that we have thought best to do
the latter ; choosing rather to submit our conduct to your
judgment, than to forbear exerting ourselves in measures
which we deem essential to the public safety.
As Mr. Hobart leaves us this day, Mr. Duer and Mr.
Tomkins will be the only members left. We have, there-
fore, to request that your Honourable Body will immedi-
ately vest the power of foraging and that of securing the
personal estates of persons in this county who have fled to
or joined the enemy, in commissioners. Should you ap-
prove of this mode, we would, with submission, recom-
mend for that purpose, John Thomas, Junr. chairman
of this county, Colo. Samuel Drake, Mr. Stephen Ward,
William Millar, Nathaniel Hyatt, Junr. and Israel Honey-
well.
12 o'clock, noon.
We have just received intelligence that three of the
enemy's armed vessels have come up as high as Tarry
Town, where they have dropped anchor. This force con-
sists of a row galley, a sloop and schooner ; they are
either sent up to make a feint on the right, whilst an at-
tempt is made to surprise our advanced post at Ward's, or
they are come up in order to carry down stock and grain.
We shall exert ourselves to defeat either of these pur-
poses ; yet, with the number of men we have, little can
be effected. For intelligence I must refer you to Mr.
Hobart,
And am, sir, with great respect.
Your obedt. hble. servt.
By order.
W. DUER.
To the Honourable the President of the
Convention of the State of New-York
[Two letters from General Washington.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Morristown, Feb. 1st, 1777 I
Gentlemen — The great countenance and protection
shewn and given to deserters by persons in the different
neighborhoods from whence they originally came, has made
that vice so prevalent in the army, that unless some very
effectual measures, are fallen upon to prevent it, our new
army will scarcely be raised, before it will again dwindle
and waste away from that cause alone.
I know of no remedy so effectual as for the different
States immediately to pass laws laying a very severe pen-
alty upon those who harbour, or fail to give information
against deserters, knowing them to be such ; and strictly
enjoining all justices of the peace and officers of the militia
to keep a watchful eye over and apprehend all such per-
sons as shall return from the army without a discharge.
In order that this most salutary measure may be carried
speedily into execution, I have not only desired Congress
to recommend it to the different States, but have myself
wrote circular letters to them all pressing their compliance
with my request.
Desertion must cease of course, when the offenders find
that they have no shelter.
I am, gentlemen, with esteem and respect.
Your most obedient servant,
GO. WASHINGTON.
Honourable the Convention of the State of
New-York.
Head-Qi'artkrs, (>
Morristown, Feb.Sth, 1777. ;>
Sir — Yesterday honoured me with your two favours of
the 22d and 25th ult. Had the success that was reasona-
bly expected from the expedition undertaken by General
Heath attended our arms, I had flattering hopes of congrat-
ulating my country on the happy event of circumscribing
368
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
her unnatural foe within very narrow limits, and a fair
prospect of retarding their early operations in the next
campaign until we were completely ready to meet and
effectually oppose them.
I beg that you would do mc the justice to believe that I
had no other view in mentioning the detsnlion of some of
the Continental clothing by your State, than a sincere wish
to deprive the others of tiic smallest right to charge me
with a predilection in your favour ; though my inclination
might have led mc to devote an unusual share of attention
lo your circumstances, yet it is necessary for me to endea-
vour in every instance at impartial justice. Mr. Hughes
was mistaken, when he mentioned to one of your members
that a part of those goods were to be left at Peekskill ;
from the first I intended that they should be delivered into
the hands of Mr. Mease the clothier-general, who has my
orders to distribute them among the States, having just re-
gard to their numbers, situation and circumstances. He
is now at this place on that business, and will, when made
up, deliver them to the regiments as they want them.
I should be unhappy in the belief that any part of my
letter to you could be construed into the slightest hint that
you want to interfere in the military line; Heaven knows
that I greatly want, the aid of every good man, and that
there are not such enviable pleasures attending my situa-
tion as to make me too jealous of its prerogatives. Rather
than complain of your late effort in the military way, you
deserve the thanks of us all, and I feel myself happy in
this opportunity of returning you mine in the greatest truth
and sincerity.
I am not without my apprehensions for the safety of the
fortress of Tyconderoga, and have therefore wrote to New-
Hampshire and the Bay, to forward their new troops to
that place with all possible despatch. From the accounts
I receive of the success that attends the recruiting service
in those States, I have reason to expect that garrison will
in a short time be in a respectable state of defence.
I am sorry that experience has too fully proved that Gen.
Howe has every species of intelligence he can wish for,
and can not therefore suppress my just indignation at the
extraordinary requisition made by Mr. Loring his commis-
sary of prisoners, that the Canada gentlemen should have a
safe pass through our country. Our assistance in return-
ing home I hope they would not doubt, could prudence jus-
tify us in indulging them with an opportunity of making
every discovery they could wish relating to our situation ;
You were therefore perfectly right in refusing him.
Every thing in the clothing line, passes through the
hands of Mr. Mease ; with him you will please to corres-
pond on that subject.
Nothing material has happened lately. The enemy's
want of forage compels them to send out very large par-
ties to secure it ; these are always beat in with some
loss. Their draft and artillery horses die fast ; and now
that I have brought all the useful ones from their neighbour-
hood, I think they will meet with much difficulty in ad-
vancing.
I am, sir, your most obdt. and very hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
Hon. Jas. Livingston.
[Letter from General George Clinton.]
New- Windsor, February 25/A, 1777.
Sir — Agreeable to a resolve of the Committee of Safety
of this State, requesting me lo convene general court martial
for the trial of Samuel Knap of Col. Hathorn's regiment for
treason against the Stale, I now transmit (enclosed) the
proceedings and sentence of the court against the said Knap.
You will find by the enclosed petition from the court
signed by the president, and a letter from the president
signed by order of the court to me, that they wish that as
well Knap, as one Samuel Divine, who by their sentence
is also to suffer the pains of death, may be pardoned. They
have tried three officers for disobedience of orders and
neglect of duly, two of whom they have sentenced to be
cashiered, one of them to pay a fine of £30, the other a
fine of i;5, the third is to pay a fine of £5, and make a pro-
per acknowledgement to his colonel. They have also tried
a sergeant and two privates, one for refusing to march with
the militia, to pay a fine of £20, the other for disobedience
of orders and assaulting his officer to receive 39 lashes ;
the sergeant for remissness of duly in suffering a prisoner
to escape from his guard, to pay a fine of 40*. and lose
his office, all of whom are to remain confined lill their res-
pective sentences are executed. The gentlemen of the
court are of opinion, and I perfectly agree with them, that
if the latter sentences arc approved and carried into execu-
tion, and the two former prisoners pardoned under the gal-
lows, it will answer a better purpose than if they should
be executed ; add to this I am far from being clear that the
evidence, as it is reported (material parts of it being, I am
sure omitted through mistake,) will support the sentences.
As the only use in punishment, is to bring people to a pro-
per sense of their duty, and as I flatter myself from the
effect, even convening this court only, has already had on
the refractory and disobedient, that the end will be fully an-
swered, though these wretches' lives be spared, nor have I
the least doubt but that the Honourable Convention will ex-
tend mercy towards the first, if it can (in their better judg-
ment) be done consistent with the public good ; on any
other terms I do not wish it.
I am much at a loss respecting some parts of my duty
in this new business, in which I beg the advice and direc-
tions of the Convention.
1st. Am I to cause the person whom I appointed to act
as judge-advocate to report the proceedings of the court to
the Secretary of War.
2d. Am I to approve or disapprove the sentences myself
or transmit them to Gen. Washington as Commander-in-
Chief of the Continental army.
I am, with much esteem,
Your most obedient servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honourable the President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Jesse Woodhullto Genl. George Clinton.]
February 22, 1777.
Dear General — You will see in the proceedings of the
general court martial, which are transmitted to you, that
Samuel Knap, of Colonel Hathorn's regiment in Orange
county, and Samuel Divine, of Colonel Hasbrouck's regi-
ment in Ulster, the court was under a necessity of passing
a sentence of death upon each of them. In the case of the
former. Convention did order, that if he was found guilty
only by the resolve of Convention of the seventeenth of
July last, making certain offences committed against the
State treason, which was the case, that he should not
be executed without their order. And the case of the
latter, I conceive, lies only with you. I do now, in be-
half and by order of the general court martial, earnestly
solicit your Honour, that in the former case, you would use
your utmost influence with Convention ; and in the latter,
grant your pardoning grace. Although the poor wretches
are justly condemned by the laws of their country, I hope
your Honour may conceive that the making a wise improve-
ment of the sentences against them, may answer the great
end of punishment, which is to bring them and others to a
sense of their duty, that they owe to themselves, their pos-
terity, and country, and spare their lives. I add no more.
I am, with great esteem,
Your most obt. and very hble. servt.
JESSE WOODHULL.
To Gen. George Clinton.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
369
[Letter from David Wooster, at Rye.]
Head-Q0Arters, Rye Neck, )
February 17, 1777. $
Gentlemen — With this I enclose copy of a letter from
Captn. Alexr. Grant at King's Bridge, sent per flag to
Major-General Heath, or officer conin:ianding the Conti-
nental troops in Westchester or Dutchess county ; also his
letter to Mrs. Grant. I have informed him that I shall refer
his request to the Honourable Convention of the State of
New-York for their approbation, as it falls more immedi-
ately under their cognizance ; have therefore despatched
this to you, and beg to know your pleasure in the affair as
soon as possible.
On the twenty-second in.stant, a regiment of volunteers
from Connecticut will be discharged, when I shall not have
more men in this department than about eight hundred
eighty-two from Connecticut, and eighty-seven from your
State, under the command of Colol. Humphrey ; which, in
iny opinion, is a number very insufficient for the purpose
of protecting or maintaining the allegiance of this county,
and particularly of securing the important article of forage.
I must therefore earnestly request that the militia, which 1
am informed you have ordered to this quarter, may be
sent on with all possible expedition.
I have the honour to be.
Gentlemen, most respectfully,
Your obedient humble servant,
DAVD. WOOSTER.
The Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from Captain Grant, at King's Bridge.]
King's Bridge, 16th February, 1777.
Sir — Having received His Excellency Genl. Howe's
permission to send a flag of truce for my family and effects,
not .doubting of your generosity and humanity, Lieut.
Cameron is sent with this, requesting them not as tories,
but as the family of a British officer ; not as captives, but
as detained when the Colonies yet acknowledged them-
selves subjects of Great Britain.
I therefore presume, that my attachment to the King my
master, and adherence to the oaths I took when I entered
into his service, to come over and defend the claims and
rights of his country, will not lessen me in the esteem of
honest men, to whom I submit the justice and equity of
this request.
Enclosed I have left open a letter for Mrs. Grant, for
your perusal.
I am, sir, vour very humble servt.
ALEXR. GRANT, Captn.
To Major-General Heath, or officer
commanding the Continental forces
in Westchester or Dutchess county.
[Jacobus Swartwout's certificate in favour of Stephen Duryees.l
Fishkill, February mh, 1777.
Gentlemen — This may certify, that Jacob King, a
soldier of Capt. Stephen Duryees' company, of my regi-
ment, did carry a set of armourer's tools in the service; and
therewith did repair several guns for the army at King's
Bridge. And when my regiment was ordered from the
Bridge to the White Plains, the said King was ordered to
remain with Col. Lasher's parly at said bridge. He be-
ing fearful if he left them tliey would be lost, so that he
had his chest put in one of the baggage wagons. The wa-
gons being over loaded, had not gone far before it was
hove out of the wagon, and so consequently was lost. Pre-
vious to King's taking his tools into the army, Capt. Dur-
yees asked me whether it would not be best for the service
for him to take his tools with him ; my answer to him was,
thai it was more than probable they would be of great scr-
[VoL. II.] 93
vice in repairing of arms ; upon which encouragement, he
says he took them in the service.
I am, gentlemen, with respect,
Your very humble servt.
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT.
To the Honourable Convention of
the State of New-York-
[Petition of John Thomas, Junr.]
Kingstreet, February 12th, 1777.
I last night received a resolution of your Honourable
House, in which it was declared that there was no com-
mittee in our county. In respect to your saying that there
is no committee in our county, you must be altogether mis-
taken, for there is really one now in being ; they do con-
tinue acting ; they carry on business as usual, and are able
to make a House whenever it is required. After taking
into consideration the resolve of your Honble. House, which
mentions that there is no committee in our county, I ap-
plied to the clerk of our committee, and found on record,
that on the 16th of April, 1776, the inhabitants of West-
chester county met together by virtue of a resolution of the
Provincial Congress of the Colony of New-York, and chose
a body of men for a committee for said county, to com-
mence the second Monday in May, 1776, and to end the
second Monday in May, 1777. By appealing to and looking
upon the records as aforesaid, it plainly appears, that we
can not make a new choice with any propriety at all, with-
out counteracting the orders and directions your Honoura-
ble House gave for choosing our last committee. I have
enclosed to you a copy of the proceedings of the inhabi-
tants as above mentioned, and if your Honourable House
on sight thereof, should think it proper to dissolve our pre-
sent committee, and imagine it necessary to call the iiiha-
bitants to another choice, you may expect that your orders
shall meet with a ready compliance.
From your very humble servt.
JOHN THOMAS, Junr.
Chairman of the committee.
To the Honourable the Convention of
the Representatives of the State of New- York.
[Gen. Scott's recommendation of Lieut. Drake for a captaincy.]
Fishkill, nth Feby. 1777.
I do hereby certify, that Mr. John Drake served through-
out the last campaign as a first lieutenant in my brigade,
and discharged his duty as a good officer ; and that I think
him well qualified for the rank of a captain on the new
Continental establishment, and therefore recommend him
for that rank.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
[Intercepted letter from Yoannar Deforus. ]
February 10, 1777.
Mr. Godwin please to send by the bearer (Joseph Al-
len) the true account of what Abraham Deforus left in your
care.
YOANNAR DEFORUS.
P. S. Mrs. Goodwin be pleased to send a true copy of
that receipt which my son Richard Pudne gave to you
without my orders.
Fishkill, lOth February, 1777.
The Committee of the Convention of the Slate, for mak-
ing discoveries and assays in lead, sulphur and gun flint,
having discovered a body of sulphur, and being informed
by Docl. Slephany, that you are skilled in separaliiig of
minerals ; therefore they have directed me to apply to you
to undertake the refining of it ; for which purpose I send
you this letter by express, and want you should come to
this place, to enter mto such agreement as is necessary lo
370
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &;c.
carry on the manufacture by yourself or some other per-
son, as it shall best suit, on such conditions as shall be
agreed on ; for which you shall be rewarded.
I am, with respect, sir,
Your very humble servt.
P. S. Doct. Stephany also writes by the bearer on the
same subject. You will please to return your answer by
the express.
To Casper Slandt, Chemist.
State of Massachsetts Bay, )
In the House of Representatives, >
February 5, 1777. )
Whereas the rum, molasses and sundry other articles
hereinafter enumerated, now in this Slate, arc all needed
for the supply of the army and the inhabitants of this
State : It is iherefoie,
Resolved, That all exportation of rum, molasses, su-
gar, cotton wool, sheep's wool, fla.x, salt, coffee, cocoa,
chocolate, linen, cotton and linen, woolen and cotton goods
of all kinds, provisions of all and every sort, shoes, hides,
deer-skins, sheep skins and leather of all kinds, as well by
land as by water, from the counties of Suffolk and Mid-
dlesex, after the seventh day of February current ; and
from the counties of Essex, Plymouth and Bristol after the
eighth ; and from every other part of this State after the
tenth, be stopped, except to the different parts of this
State.
And if any vessel shall be found having any quantity of
rum more than si.xty gallons to a vessel of eighty tons,
and for a three months' voyage, and in that proportion for
a larger or smaller vessel, and on a longer or siiorter voy-
age, or having any other of the articles above enumerated
on board, more than is sufficient for the use of the crew of
the said vessel, she being outward bound therewith, or
found at sea having sailed from any port in this State, after
the times fixed to this resolve's taking place in such port
for any part of the world without this State ; such vessel
shall be a lawful prize for any person or persons who shall
take the same, and shall be libelled in some Maritime court
within this Slate, within two months after having been
found or brought in wilh such rum or other of said articles
on board, and shall be condemned and sold in manner as
is provided by the laws of this State for the condemnation
and sale of vessels taken in carrying supplies to the ene-
mies of the United States of America ; and the money such
vessel and cargo may be sold for, shall be disposed of in
the same manner as vessels and cargoes are disposed of
that are taken as prizes. Provided, nevertheless, that if
it shall appear to the satisfaction of the court before whom
such trial shall be had, that the owner or owners of such
vessel did not knowingly transgress this resolve, in that
case such vessel shall not be liable to condemnation.
And it is further Resolved, if the committee of cor-
respondence, inspection and safety of any towns in this
State, shall suspect that any team is loaded with any arti-
cles herein before enumerated, to be transported out of this
State to any of the United States, that said committee be
and they hereby are empowered and directed to slop all
such teams till such time as they can make proper inquiry,
and by a certificate from the committee of correspondence
of the town where such goods were taken or otherwise,
shall obtain satisfaction that the same are not designed to be
carried out of this State as aforesaid ; and if no such sa-
tisfaction shall be given within thirty days after detention
thereof, and it shall not appear that such goods were re-
moved from the town where they had been deposited, be-
fore ihe times fixed for this resolve's taking place, the com-
mittee so detaining the same is hereby empowered and di-
rected to seize such articles, and having so done shall pro-
ceed to file an information against them, before the court of
general sessions of the peace in any county where said ar-
ticles shall be stopped or seized, and the said court shall
have full power to try the justice of said seizure by a jury,
and no evidence shall be admitted upon such trial, but what
was produced to the committee willnn the lliirty days before
mentioned, except in the judgment of the court before whom
the trial is had, such evidence could not be obtained withm
that time. And in case the said court shall adjudge and
condemn the same as forfeited, after the necessary charges
of condemnation, &c. are paid, one-half shall be to the
use of the committee who prosecuted as above, the other
half to the use of this State.
Provided notwilhstandi,ng. That when any person shall
transport any articles wliatever to the American army, and
can produce a certificate from the Hon. the Council, the
board of war, or the committee of correspondence, in-
spection and safety of the town from whence such articles
were taken, certifying that the goods he has in his custody
belong either to the Continent or to this State, or can by
any other way give satisfaction hereof to any committee
of correspondence, &c. inquiring concerning the same,
in such case the person wilh such goods may proceed un-
molested.
Provided also, That this resolve shall not be construed
to extend to prevent the exportation of sugar in such quan-
tities as are allowed by a resolve of this court, of the ninth
day of January last, for the purpose of procuring flour and
other provisions, and other articles for the use of the inhabi-
tants of this State, and necessary supplies for the crews of
such vessels as may be bound from this Stale, or to prohibit
any exportalions the board of war may think proper to
make for ihe public advantage, or to prevent the carrying
any of the above enumerated articles from this to any
neighbouring State, as purchased at ordinary retail, either
for the consumption of individuals or single families.
And it is hereby recommended to the good people of
this Stale, to afford all possible aid to the committees afore-
said, to enable them to carry these resolves into effectual
execution.
And it is further Resolved, That if it shall hereafter
appear that any of the articles herein before enumerated
had been transported by land or water out of this State,
contrary to the true intent and meaning of this resolve,
the owner or owners who shall send or carry the same,
shall forfeit the value of such goods, to be recovered by
action of debt, in any court proper to try the same, and
after paying the charges of prosecution, one-half thereof
shall be to the person or persons who shall sue for the same,
the other half to the use of this State; provided the action
is commenced within three months after the goods arc
transported.
And further Resolved, That Mr. Hosmer be, and hereby
is directed to procure one thousand of these resolves to
be printed, and that he immediately transmit to the seve-
ral naval officers within this State, and ihe several coni-
mittees of correspondence, inspection and safety of the
towns that border upon the neighbouring States, printed
copies of ihe same ; and that he cause the same to be
printed in the Boston newspapers.
Sent up for concurrence.
J. WARREN, Speaker.
In Council, February 7, 1777.
Read and concurred,
John Avery, Dep. Secr'y.
Consented to by the major part of the Council,
A true copy.
Attest, John Avery, Dep. Secr'y.
State of Massachusett's Bat, i
In the year of our Lord, one thousand se- >
ven hundred and sevenly-seven. )
AN ACT
To prevent Monopoly and Oppression.
Whereas the avaricious conduct of many persons, by
daily adding to the now exorbitant price of every necessary
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
371
and convenient article of life ; and increasing the price of
labour in general, unless a speedy and effectual slop be
put thereto, will be attended with the most fatal and per-
nicious consequences ; as it not only disheartens and disaf-
fecls the soldiers, who have nobly entered into the service of
their country for the support of the best of causes, and dis-
tresses the poorer part of the community, by obligins them to
give unreasonable prices for those things that are absolutely
necessary to their very existence, but will be also very inju-
rious to the Stale in general : And whereas the committee
lately empowered by this Stale, to proceed to Providence
in Rhode-Island, and in behalf of this Slate there to meet
with committees from the other New-England Stales ; and
among other thmgs to confer upon measures necessary to
prevent monopoly and the higli price of goods, and the ne-
cessaries of life, and for regulation of vendues ; have in
conjunction with the said committees, recommended that
rates and prices be settled and affixed by an act of this
Slate, to the articles hereinafter enumerated :
Be it therefore enacted by the Council and House of
Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the
authority of the same, That from and after the twenty-
eighlh day of January, one thousand seven hundred and
sevenly-seven, the price of farming labour in the summer
season shall not exceed 35. by the day and found as usual,
and so in usual proportion at other seasons of the year,
and the labour of mechanics and tradesmen and other
labour beside what is herein hereafter especially enume-
rated in proportion thereunto, according to the usages and
customs which have heretofore been adopted and practised
in this Slate when compared with farming labour.
And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That the following articles shall not be sold for a higher
price than is herein hereafter settled and affixed to ihem
respectively, viz ;
Wheot. Good merchantable wheat at 7s. 6d. per bushel.
Rye. Good merchantable rye or rye meal at 5s. a
bushel.
Indian Meal. Good Indian meal or corn at 4s. a bushel.
Sheep's Wool. Good merchantable sheep's wool at 2s. lb.
Pork. Fresh pork well failed and of a good quality at
A\d. a lb. and salt pork in usual proportion according to
the price of salt.
Beef. Good well fatted grass fed beef at 3cZ. a lb. and
stall fed beef well fatted at Ad. a lb. and beef of an infe-
rior quality in equal proportion.
Hides. Raw hides at 2d. a lb. raw calf skins at 6c?.
alb.
Salt. Good merchantable imported salt at 10s. a bushel ;
salt manufactured from sea water within the Stale at 12s.
a bushel.
Rum. Good merchantable West-India rum at 6s. 8(Z. a
gallon by the hogshead, including the cask, and 6s. \0d.
by the barrel, exclusive of the barrel, and 7s. Sd. by the
single gallon, and 2s. by the quart, and so in proportion
for a less quantity, according to the former custom and
usages for retailing smaller quantities, saving an allowance
of one penny a gallon for every ten miles llic same shall
be carried by laud carriage from the first port of delivery.
New-England rum at 3s. \Qd. a gallon by the hogshead
or barrel, exclusive of 13s. Ad. for ihe hogshead, or 4s. for
the barrel, and 4s. 6J. by the single gallon, at the town
where the same is distilled, and so in like proportion for
smaller quantities, according to the old and approved cus-
toms for retailing smaller qunnliiics, allowi-.ig one penny
each ten miles for every gallon that has been or shall be
transported by land from the place of disiillery-
Sugar. Best Muscovado sugar at 54s. a hundred by ihe
hogshead, and £3 l)y the single hundred, and bd. a lb. by
the single pound at the place where it is first landed, and
allowing 9J. for the transporting of every cwl. ten miles
by land carriage. And sugars of an inferior quality in the
usual proportion.
Molasses of the best quality at 3y. Ad. a gallon by llic
hogshead, including the cask, and 3s. 8d. by the barrel,
exclusive of 3s. for the barrel, and 4s. by the single gal-
lon at the place where it is first landed from the West-
Indies, and so in proportion in the country, allowing one
penny a gallon for every ten miles transportation by land
into the country or from the place where it is so landed.
Cocoa. Best cocoa at 6s. lOd. a cwt. American manu-
factured chocolate Is. Sd. a lb.
Cheese manufactured in America, 6d. per lb.
Butter at ]0d. a lb. by the single lb., and 9d. by the
firkin.
Peas 8s. a bushel. Beans 6s. a bushel.
Potatoes. Potatoes commonly called Spanish potatoes of
the best quality at Is. 4d. a bushel in the fall of the year,
and not more than 2s. in any other season, and other pota-
toes in usual proportion.
Stockings. Men's best yarn stockings 6s. a pair, and
in that proportion for an inferior quality.
Shoes. Men's shoes made of neat's leather, of the best
common sort, 8s. a pair, and for others the like price ac-
cording to their size and quality.
Salted Pork by the barrel, 220 lb. in a barrel, £4 12s,
Beef. Beef by the barrel, 240 lb, in a barrel, £3
14s. 6d.
Cotton. Cotton 3s. a lb. by the bag, and 3s. and Sc^. by
the single lb. at the port where it is first landed from the
West-Indies, and the like allowance for transportation as
for other articles.
Oats. Oats 2s. a bushel.
Flax. Good well dressed merchantable flax, Is, a lb.
Coffee. Good coffee Is, 4d. a lb. by the single lb.
Good tried tallow 7^d. a lb. and rough tallow 5d. a lb.
Toiu Cloth. Good yard wide tow cloth, 2s, 3c?, a
yard, and other low cloth in proportion, according to its
width and quality, and the price of coarse linens to be
computed after the same rate.
Flannel. Good yard wide striped flannel, 3s, 6d. a yard,
and other flannels in proportion, according to their widths
and qualities ; and other woollen cloth, manufactured in
America, according to their widths and qualities.
Wood. Green oak wood brought from the country, and
delivered at the door of the buyer in Boston, 28s.
Good walnut wood so delivered 30s. a cord.
Good walnut wood brought from the south shore and
delivered at the wharf in Boston, 28s.
Good oak wood, brought from the south shore and so
delivered, 24s.
Eastern wood, in consideration of the risk in bringing
the same, 22s. delivered at the wharf in Boston.
Charcoal. Good charcoal, Is. a basket.
Tanned Hides, at Is. 3d. a lb, and curried leather in
usual proportion,
Homespu7i yard wide cotton and linen cloth of the com-
mon sort, 3s, 6d. and other width and qualities of cotton
and linen, in like proportion.
Mutton, Lamb and Veal, at 4c?. a lb.
Flour, imported from the southern Slates, at 30s. cwl.
Flour, manufactured in this Slate, at 25s.
Horse keeping, in Boston for a night, or twenty-four
hours, with English hay, 2s. and in other places ui pro-
portion. For keeping a yoke of oxen, the same as a horse.
Teaming Work, Is. 6d. for every ton weight a mile,
excepting from North-Hampton to the northern army, for
which may be taken 2s. a mile for each ton weight.
Turkeys, Dunghill Foxols and Ducks, to be sold only
by ihc pound, at 5fi. a lb.
Geese, at 4c?. a lb.
Milk, at 2hd. a quart.
Good Refined Iron, at 50s. cwt.
Bloomery Iron, at 30s. cwt. at the place of manufac-
tory, and the same allowance to be made for transporta-
tion of iron i)y land as is allowetl for other articles.
Liver Oil, "by the barrel, 4s. a gallon
Blubber refined, 30*. a barrel.
372
COURESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
English Hay, of the best quality, at rjs. cwt. and so in
proportion for a meaner quality or sort of hay.
Good merchantable White Fine Boards, not to exceed
48s. a thousand in Boston, and other lumber in proportion,
and the price in other parts of this State, to be in propor-
tion thereunto, according to ancient customs and usages.
And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the
prices of all the articles produced in America, herein be-
fore enumerated, excepting those to which the prices of
transportation are affixed, shall be taken and deemed to
be the prices of such goods and articles in the town of
Boston, and that the selectmen and committees of the se-
veral towns in this State shall be, and hereby are empow-
ered to affix and settle in their respective towns, what such
articles and goods shall be sold for in their towns respec-
tively, according to the proportion the price such goods
have borne in such towns wiili the price they have been at
in the town of Boston, according to the ancient usage and
custom of such towns. And the said selectmen and com-
mittees are in like manner empowered and directed to set
and establish the prices of goods herein not enumerated,
according to the proportion the price of them have usually
borne in their respeclive towns to those herein enumerated.
And the said selectmen and committees arc also required
to make out a fair list of all the articles to which they shall
affix prices, and to post the same with the prices by them
so affixed, up in some public place or places in the town
where they live, and also to return a list of such prices to
the clerk of such town, there to remain upon record; and
such prices by them affixed, pursuant to the duly herein
enjoined and power hereby given them, shall betaken and
deemed to be the price set and affixed by this act in such
town.
And be it also enacted. That in plantations where there
are no selectmen, the committee shall have such power
and be required to perform the same duties as selectmen
and committees have within their towns respectively.
And be it further enacted by the authoi-ity aforesaid.
That the price of all European and East India goods and
merchandise of all kinds, which have been or shall be im-
ported into this State, as also of all such goods which
have been or shall be brought into this Slate in any prize
vessel, shall not exceed the following rates, viz:
Woolen Goods, coarse Linens, Duck, Cordage, Tick-
lenburgs and Ozenbrigs, shall not be sold by wholesale
at a higher rate than in the proportion of £275 sterling
for what usually cost £100 sterling, in that part of Europe
from whence they are imported ; and any other goods,
wares or merchandise, excepting hemp, warlike and mili-
tary stores imported from thence or brought, or which
shall be brought into any port in this Slate, in any prize
vessel, shall not be sold at a higher rate from the prime
cost as aforesaid, than in the proportion of £250 sterling
for what cost £100 sterling in Europe ; and the seller by
wholesale shall make out a bill of parcels at the sterling
cost of the articles sold, with his advance thereupon, and
deliver the same to the bearer, under penalty of the sum
at which such articles are so sold by him; and the retailers
of such goods, wares and merchandise, shall not sell them
at a higher advance than 20 per cent, upon the wholesale
price ; and shall, if requested by the buyer, give a bill of
parcels with the sterling cost and the advance.
And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid.
That if any person having any article or articles necessary
for the use of the American army or navy, shall withhold
or refuse to sell the same for a reasonable reward, in such
case upon complaint thereof, made upon oath to the coun-
cil or board of war of this State, or they knowing or sus-
pecting the same, or either of them, are hereby aiuhorized
and empowered to issue iheir warrant to any sheriff, depu-
ty sheriff or constable, to impress the same, and for that
purpose in the day time, between sunrise and sunset, to
break and enter any warehouses, stores or other places
where such goods are deposited, or suspected to be depo-
sited, and to take and apply the same to the use aforesaid;
the owner thereof being paid ihe price at which such goods
are fixed in this act; and in case the price of the goods so
taken is not herein settled and fixed, the owner shall be
paid for the same at a reasonal)le appraisement to be made
of such goods by three indifferent judicious men under
oath, for that purpose appointed, one of them by tliose
who issued the said warrant, and one by the owner of the
said goods, and one by the officer directed to execute the
said warrant ; b\it if tlie owner shall decline to make such
appointment, two of the said appraisers shall be appointed
by the person? '"ho shall execute such warrant, and the
sum at which trie said goods shall be appraised, shall be
immediately paid as aforesaid.
And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid.
That if any vendue master, or any one for, or under him,
shall at any vendue or public sale, sell any article for a
greater or higher price than by this act is limited, he shall
forfeit a sum equal to that for which such article shall be
sold; and is hereby disqualified from acting at any time as
an auctioneer or vendue master, and in case he or any one
in his behalf, should presume to act in that capacity, he
shall forfeit the sum of £50 for every offence.
And be it further enacted Inj the authority afcresaid,
That every person who shall sell any of the articles above
mentioned, at a greater price than is herein settled and fixed
for the same, or others not enumerated in a manifest dis-
proportion thereto, upon conviction, shall be fined for every
article so sold of the price of twenty shillings or under,
the sum of ttuenty shillings; and for every article of a
price above twenty shillings, a sum equal to that for which
such article shall be sold ; and every person who shall lake
and receive for his service anil labour, a greater sum of
money than is settled and fixed for the same, in and by
this act, shall forfeit and pay a like sum of money, to that
which he shall take and receive for such service and la-
bour.
And be it further enacted, That whoever shall sell any
i goods, wares or merchandises, or shall do any service or
' labour, at a greater price than is settled and fixed thereto,
in and by ihis act upon credit, shall not have or maintain
I any action for ihe recovery thereof, but shall be barred
therefrom; and the person against whom any action shall
be brought for the recovery of such money, may plead the
general issue thereto, and give the spacial matter in evi-
dence to the jury.
And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid.
That all the fines and forfeitures mentioned in this act,
shall and may be recovered in any court proper to try the
same, within the county in which the offence shall have
been committed, by action, presentment or indictment, one-
half thereof to the use of this State, and the residue to the
prosecutor, together with the costs of prosecution. And
all grand jurors are hereby strictly enjoined to take cogni-
zance of, and to make due presentment of, all offences
against this act, which shall come to their knowledge, or
whereof they shall receive due information.
And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid.
That if any person shall engross, or have in his possession
by purchase or otherwise, more of any article in this act
enumerated, or any other necessary of life, than is neces-
sary for the consumption of his own family and immediate
dependants, and which he holds wiih an apparent design,
in the judgment of the major part of the select men of the
town where he lives, or where such article shall be, to sell,
trade upon, and not for his own consumption as aforesaid,
and shall refuse to sell and dispose of the same for the
common currency of this Stale, or the United States of
America, and at the prices affixed and set'led by this act,
or by the select men and committee in pursuance of it,
and complaint being thereof made to the major part of said
select men, by or in the behalf of any person who is in
want of such article ar articles for his own immediate sup-
port, the support of his family or immediate dependants ;
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
373
and the said selectmen or a major part of them, believing
the same to be true, shall demand of such person so refus-
ing to sell such article or articles for such price as is affixed
by this act, or by the selectmen and committee in pursu-
ance of it ; and if such person shall refuse to comply there-
with, or cannot be found to have such demand made of
him, the major part of said selectmen shall apply lo some
justice of the peace within the same county, lor a warrant
to open any store, warehouse or granary, in which such
article or articles may be, or otherwise to take possession
of the same : And the said justice shall, without delay,
make out his warrant directed to some sheriff, deputy she-
riff or constable, in form following, viz :
Suffolk, ss.
To GREETING :
Whereas complaint is this day made to me, by
[seal.] a, B, C, D and E, a major part of the select
men of L, in the said county S, that I K, of said
L, (addition) hath now in his possession with de-
sign to sell and trade upon the same, and which is not by
him designed for the consumption of his family or immedi-
ate dependants; and that the said IK does, though re-
quested thereunto by the said select men, refuse lo sell
thereof, to N O, of R, within this State, who is
in great necessity therefor, (for the support of his family
and immediate dependants,) for the price set and affixed by
a law of this Slate, enlilled " An act to prevent monopoly
and oppression :" You are, therefore, hereby required, in
the name of the Government and People of the Massachu-
setts Bay in New-England, taking with you a major part
of the selectmen of said L, in the day lime, between the
rising and selling of the sun, to open the store of the said
I K, or as the case may be, to take possession of the said
and the same deliver lo the said selectmen, to
the intent that the said selectmen may sell and deliver to
the said N 0, the aforesaid or so much of that ar-
ticle as the said N O has absolute necessity for; and you
are to make true return of this virarrant lo me as soon as
may be, with your doings therein.
Given under my hand and seal the day of
in the year of our Lord, 177 .
And the said selectmen, or the major part of them, hav-
ing possession of such article or articles in manner afore-
said, shall sell and deliver to such necessitous person
named in such warrant, so much of the article therein
mentioned, as he stands in need of for the support of his
family and immediate dependants, at the price affixed as
aforesaid ; and after deducting out of the money received
therefor, the pay for their own services, at the rate of four
shillings a day, the officers' legal fees, and two shillings
for the justice's warrant, shall pay the overplus, if any there
be, to the person who owned or possessed such goods.
Provided nevertheless, that the said selectmen shall not
be obliged or empowered, in pursuance of this act, to sup-
ply any person as aforesaid, who has by him, to their
knowledge, any of the articles in this act enumerated, or
any other necessary of life, more than he stands in need of
for his own consumption, and refuses to expose them for
sale for the prices set and affixed in this act, or that shall
neglect or refuse to bring them to market according to his
usual custom.
And be it further enacted. That when any action shall
be brought against any officer, who has a duly assigned
him by this act, he may plead the general issue, and give
the special matter in evidence for his justification.
[Letter from Ja. Sullivan, Chairman of the Committee of the House
of Representatives of Massachusetts Bay, on the subject of regulat-
ing the prices of merchandises.]
Boston, Feby. 9, 1777.
Sir — As chairman of a committee of the House of Re-
presentatives of this State, for this purpose especially ap-
[VoL. II.] 94
pointed, I enclose you a copy of an act lately passed by
this Government for regulating the price of the articles
therein enumerated, and which may from their nature and
use, and from the present situation of this countr}', come
under ihe denomination of the necessaries of life.
The want of a sufficient medium in silver and gold to
support ihe present war, necessarily procured the emission
of bills of public credit, and in proportion to these emis-
sions, the public debt must be increased. It therefore be-
came a measure of the last importance to lessen the very
extravagant price lo which these articles had arisen ; and
without it the wages of the soldiers would have been in-
sufficient to support his person and family. Had not the
very weighty and important business which so constantly
demand the attention of the Honorable Congress prevented
it, their making these regulations would have given the
measure even here a more extensive and salutary influence
than can be expected from what the four northern States
have done.
That the prices of these necessaries might, throughout
ihese States, be as uniform as the situation and customs of
each Stale can admit of, and the particular situation of
Congress and ihe army being such as prevenk j our mak-
ing application to that Honorable Assembly upon this sub-
ject, a committee from their several assemblies met at
Providence and drew the outlines, which were generally
adopted by these assemblies ; and it is the ardent desire of
the Massachusetts that some such regulation may be
speedily embraced by all the American Slates.
I am also directed lo enclose you the copy of a resolu-
tion lately passed by the General Assembly here, for pre-
venting the exporlalion of the several articles therein men-
tioned, and am authorized lo assure you that this measure
did not in the least proceed from any abatement of that
sincere affection which we have for our sister States, but
from an earnest desire lo feed and clothe that army, upon
whom the salvation of America so materially depends.
Had we not taken this step, the few evil minded and
designing persons yet in America, who leave no measure
untried to ruin us, together with those who, regardless of
their country's weal, are seeking their own emolument
only, would have monopolized nearly all the goods which
we have, and which we design for the use of the army.
This embargo was rendered in some measure necessary
by the Regulation Act, or rather by our sister Slates not
coming into similar measures ; for all our goods would soon
have been either concealed from the use of the army, or
have been carried to those places, where an exorbitant price
could be obtained for them. But we hope soon to see the
army so well clothed, and such regulations in trade take
place in all the United Slates as will enable us to repeal
this resolution, which we shall do in such case with the
greatest cheerfulness.
I am, sir, with much respect.
Your very hble. servt.
J A. SULLIVAN.
The Honble. President of the
Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton, at New- Windsor.]
New-Windsor, 9th Feby. 1777.
Dear Sir — As I have ordered a court martial for the
trial of Knap, of Colo. Healhorn's regiment, for disobe-
dience of orders and going over to the enemy, will be
obliged to you to send by the bearer the resolve of the
commillee empowering the court to try him for treason,
and the resolve respecting treason, as without these the
court cannot proceed, and they are already met.
Yours sincerely.
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. If Mr. Harp'er left three shirts for me with vou,
please send them also per bearer.
John McKesson, Esq. at Fishkill.
374
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Henry B. Livingston.]
Lower Barracks, Feby. 8, 1777.
Gentn. — I wrote you some lime since, acquainting you
that Genl. Clinton had recommended Mr. John Hanmore
10 fill the vacancy of quarter-master to my regiment. I
should be glad to know if the appointment lias taken
place.
I am informed that Mr. Vache has been recommended
as surgeon to the regiment, and that he only waits for my
approbation to be appointed. I entirely approve of him,
and wish his appointment to take place as soon as possible,
as the regiment has suffered much for want of both the
above officers. The vacancies that will then remain, are,
I think, a second lieutenant to Capl. Jackson's company,
and an ensign to Capt. Pearcy's company, both which I
should be glad the committee would fill up as soon as pos-
sible. Mr. James Brewster (if no other should be thought
of) is, I think, a proper person to fill the vacancy of en-
sign.
I am, with respect, gentn.
Your most obedt. hum. servt,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
The Committe of Arrangement.
[A letter from M. Adgate.]
Fishkill, Feby. 5, 1777.
The committee of the Convention for making discove-
ries and assays in lead, sulphur and gun flints, have had in-
formation that there is some person in your manor ac-
quainted with making gun flints, and are directed to apply
to you for further information ; if you know of any such
person, and he will engage in that business, if you will
send him to this place the committee will make him ample
satisfaction, and acknowledge the favor from your's and the
public's very humble servant.
In behalf of the Committee,
MAT. ADGATE, Chairman.
Col. Robert Livingston.
[Recommendation of John Budd, by Col. Hopkins and Capt. Cham-
berlain.]
Fishkill, Febr. 4, 1777.
Gentlemen — These are to recommend Mr. John Budd,
of Amenia Precinct, in Dutchess county, as a deserving
young man, and suitable to serve in the army as an en-
sign ; as we understand there is a vacancy in Coll. Van
Cortlandt's regiment ; he has served the last campaign in
Col. Humphrey's regiment, as a sergeant ; the present ex-
pedition to Westchester as a sergeant-major with reputa-
tion, and fought in the thirty days' action by our sides with
courage and resolution ; he also is a man of pretty good
learning.
We are gentn.
Your most humble servts.
ROSV^ELL HOPKINS, Lieul. Coll.
COLBE CHAMBERLAIN, Capt.
To the Honole. the Representatives
of the Slate of New- York.
[Letter from Major Ledyard.]
Fishkill, Feby. 3, 1777.
Gent — On inquiry, find the French gentleman at Mr.
Wicks's, has the character of being a good surgeon ; that
his vouchers from home are very good ; they were examin-
ed by Genl. Lee. On the whole, doubt not Col. Livingston
will join me in recommending him as surgeon to our regi-
ment; you will nevertheless judge the propriety of his
passing an e.xaminalion if convenient.
I have the honour to be, gentl.
Your most obedt. servt.
BENJN. LEDYARD, Major 4 Regt.
To the Honl. Committee of
Arrangement for the State of New-York.
[Letter from Elizabeth McMennomy to John McKesson, Esq.]
Feb. 2, 1777.
Mr. McKesson :
Sir — You will please to excuse the freedom 1 lake in
writing to you, as I understand you are the most proper per-
son I could apply to for a little assistance, as tliere is a pro-
vision made for the poor inhabitanis of New-York ; I stand
in as much need of it with my three little children as any that
has had it; my intention when I came here was to do for
myself, and I have done it till now, but my circumstances
pinch me so now that I find I cannot do it any longer with-
out a little help along this winter. 1 have had but four
scholars this whole winter, and shoes and clothing for my
children, and flour so dear, that I have been urged by se-
veral of the neighbours to speak to you some time ago, and
should have done it, but was told by a lady of your ac-
quaintance that I had belter write to you, by reason of the
company that was always about you. Mr. Willsee told me
that if you would be so kind as to give me a small order,
I should be helped along with the rest, as he is the person
that supplies the people at the water side. If you can
comply with this, my request, I shall gratefully acknow-
ledge it.
I am sir.
Your, very hum. ser.
ELIZ. McMENNOMY.
[Letter from Goose Van Schaick.]
Albany, February 2, 1777.
Gentlemen — I shall be extremely happy if my regi-
ment could have the advantage of the surgeon's attendance
who is appointed to it : the sick suffer much.
At Fort George, there is a detachment of nearly two
hundred men, of mine; many of them are daily falling sick,
who with the help of the medicines at that post, and a
surgeon's care, might be enabled in a short time to per-
form their duties. I have likewise, to represent to you the
situation of Captn. Copp, who by a resolution of your board
of December last, was appointed to a captaincy in my
regiment, received his instructions accordingly ; and was
ordered, as he informs me, by several of the members of
the committee of arrangement (after he had signified his
intentions of recruiting near Fishkill,) to repair for further
instructions to me without delay.
Three days after the date of your resolves in his favor,
which he produced to me on his arrival, I ordered him to
take charge of the recruits at Saratoga, the place of their
rendezvous. From thence I shortly ordered him on im-
mediate service, with the men under his command, to
Fort George where he has continued ever since with a
considerable part of his company, which I am persuaded
is not far short of being full. His zeal to promote the
good of the service, and activity in his office, makes me
the more intere.'vled in his behalf; to my certain knowledge
he has paid particular attention to disciplining his company,
and has been careful in arming and accoutreing them in the
best manner, and in providing clothing for them ; and has
distributed to his men, (many of whom have been enlisted
upwards of two months without receiving their wages,) a
considerable sum of money.
T find by the arrangement sent me of my regiment, his
name is omitted notwithstanding your resolves, and also
find that two other gentlemen, viz: Lieut. Colo. Ten Eyck
and Captn. McKeen, are therein appointed to supply the
vacancies of Captn. Van Veghlen and Veeder, who declined
the service, to one of which vacancies Captn. Copp had a
prior appointment. It would give me great satisfaction if
Capt. Copp could be continued in my regiment, as he is
anxious to remain under my immediate com:r.and ; in short
a favourable disposition of my officers towards Captn. Copp,
the confusion his removal must occasion in his company.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
375
and his earnestness to preserve his present station, induce
me to solicit his continuance in it; which will oblige
Your most obedient humble servant,
GOOSE VANSCHAICK.
To the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Henry Godwin.]
Fishkill, February 1st, 1777.
Gentlemen — The bearer hereof, Abraham Legett, hav-
ing been in the service all this summer and fall, and hath
behaved himself as a good soldier ; and as there is a va-
cancy in my company, beg he may be appointed ensign
to my company. I have not only my own knowledge,
but have been informed by several of the officers under
whom he served, that he behaved himself as becoming a
good soldier and worthy of promotion.
From gentlemen,
Your very hble. servt.
HENRY GODWIN.
To the Chairman of the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Henry Wooden.]
Poughkeepsie, February 1st, 1777.
To the Honourable Congress :
I beg leave to inform you of my condition : I beg leave
to inform you of those two men that swore against me,
that they told me they were Rodgers' rangers ; it is abso-
lutely a lie, as false as God is true. They inquired of
me for Kings' Bridge, I thought no harm, gave them di-
rection, which I am very sorry for, and I beg your pardon
for it ; I will never do so more. I prav you to forgive
me ; and I am willing to submit to any thing reasonable ;
and if you will be pleased to give me the liberty of the
house, with giving security of two substantial men in the
cause, I shall be heartily glad and thank vou ; but I had
rather come out, and if you ever find or hear of my doing
any thing against you hereafter, I shan't blame you for im-
prisoning me. I pray and beg all of you to pardon me for
it; for my misconduct, I pray you to hear me.
Your friend to serve,
HENRY WOODEN.
[Letters and papers from Wm. Duer, Esqr. and the Committee of Con-
vention in Westchester county.]
Head-Quarters, )
NewRochelle, 2^ Feby. 1777. <
Sir — Received yours of 22d instant, with an extract of
a letter to Genl. Heath, containing the committee's opinion
relative to destroying the forage, &c. hereby acquaint you
that it is my opinion it ought to have been done long ago,
and am sorry to tell you, that without an immediate rein-
forcement shall be unable to effect it, or even to maintain
my post here, which you must know, sir, is of the last con-
sequence to the cause, the county and to those good peo-
ple who have sworn allegiance lo the State, on the faith of
Genl. Washington's Proclamation in this county. My army
consists only of three battalions of Connecticut troops, and
one of York, and those so greatly reduced by enlistments
into the Continental army, and by sickness, that I cannot
muster more than six hundred men.
A body of the enemy are actually formed on Long-island,
in order to attack us from the water, whilst the rangers
come against us from the fort; and on Thursday niglil^lasl
actually landed about 300 men on the New City island for
that purpose, when a patty from the fort came up, attack-
ed one of our advanced posts, fired a house, &c. but by
the vigilance of my troops were detected, which, in such
case, you know is a defeat ; they retreated without execut-
ing their design.
I am determined to sacrifice every thing for the salvation
of my country ; but to expose and sacrifice my troops
without a reasonable prospect of doing essential service
would be deemed rashness and folly. I have already ac"
quainled you, 1 again repeat it, that unless I have an im»
mediate reinforcement of at least five or six hundred men
I shall think it unsafe to remain here.
You ask me to fix the day of general conflagration of
Tory forage ; as 1 am unable to furnish a sufficient party
for the purpose without too much weakening my army,
and endangering the whole, must defer fixing the day un-
til I shall be reinforced sufficiently for the purpose ; which
I trust your zeal and ardor in the cause, the pressing ne-
cessity, and the honour as well as safety of your State,
will not permit to be delayed a moment.
A true extract of a letter from General Wooster to the
committee of convention, &c.
RICHARD HATFIELD, Secry.
Feby. 22d, 1777.
Gentlemen — The Convention have received your fa-
vour of the seventeenth instant, and in answer to it, di-
rected me to inform you that they consider the protection
of our friends, and securing the forage in Westchester in
the same important point of light with their committee ;
and therefore wish it were in their power to send an army
into that quarter. You will consider that the campaign in
Jersey is of the utmost importance, and cannot therefore
be surprised that the men raised under Genl. Clinton,
should act in that quarter since his Excellency Genl. Wa-
shington wants their assistance, where we have reason to ex-
pect they will be of more use than in Westchester. The
troops at Fishkill were sent for by Gen. Schuyler, who
expects an attack upon Ticonderoga ; but upon examining
the returns it appeared that there were not more there than
are necessary to guard the prisoners and stores, and add
to this that Colo. Livingston is on separate command, by
orders of the Commmander-in chief. From this view of
circumstances, nothing remained but to draft the northern
militia in the defence of that frontier, and in consequence
we gave Genl. Schuyler powers for that purpose. You
must therefore clearly see that the convention cannot send
troops into Westchester ; all which remains is that you
request Gen. McDougall to take a post somewhere near
Philips's. Get Genl. Wooster to advance to Eastchester,
and then by an intermediate body at or near Ward's House,
and the assistance of patrolling parties, the county may be
tolerably secured, especially as the enemy have not a force
in that quarter to try experiments with. You who are on
the spot can best assist Generals Wooster and McDougall,
in making a proper arrangement for the defence of that
part of the State. You will see by the enclosed resolutions
that the Convention have committed the business of forage,
&c. to the persons you have named ; in doing of which,
they have been actuated by a desire of collecting all their
members together for the completion of the important af-
fairs for which they were elected. We hope you will ma-
terially consider the propriety of destroying forage, which
can only be justified by the absolute impracticability of
bringing it off, and the prospect of its being useful to the
enemy,
I am, sir, &c.
Wm. Duer. t'sq. and the other gentlemen
of the Committee of Convention in
Westchester county.
Eastchester, 24th Feby. 1777.
Sir — I received an express from Genl. Wooster about
2 o'clock last night, which informed me that the General
with his division was about to retreat lo Hycncck, and con-
cluded probably we should think best to move back some dis-
tance from this place ; we concluded something extraor-
dinary has occasioned this movement ; we are in a posi-
tion of retreat, but arc unwilling to leave the ground with-
376
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
out further directions. Sir, you are not unacquainted with
our circumstances in regard to our small number.
Captn. Delivan did not come to join us last night. I de-
sire, as you are perhaps best acquainted with the particular
circumstances of the matter, some directions from you : we
are determined not to leave this post without further direc-
tions unless compelled by the enemy.
From your hble. servt.
H. V. R. Lt. Colo.
A true copy of the original.
RtcHARD Hatfield, Secry.
To Gentn. of the Committee, Stc.
[Letter from Wm. Duer.]
Cromwell, February 25, 1777.
Sir — Since we did ourselves the honour of writing to
you, we have received a letter from Genl. Woosler, in
answer to one from us of the 22d inst. wliich he has de-
sired us to transmit to you by express, in order tliat the
Honourable Convention may see tlie urgent necessity there
is of immediately sending a proper force to protect the
inhabitants of this county. Notwithstanding ilie anxiety
expressed by (jeril. Wooster, concerning the weakness of
the troops under his command, and their exposed situation,
we expected lie would have maintained his post at least
four or five days ; in which time we expected a reinforce-
ment from the militia of this county, till a more perma-
nent mode of securing this part of the State, had been
provided by your House. To our great mortification and
surprise, we received on the morning of the 24th, a letter
from Colo. Van Rensselaer, informing us that Genl. Woo-
ster's division had retreated about 2 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and begging our directions concerning the disposition
of the N. Y. troops. We transmit his letter, with our
answer, to your Honourable House, and hope that our
advice to him may meet with your approbation.
Certain we are that if the York troops had abandoned
their station, that the inhabitants of this county, however
well effected to the government of York State, would have
put little confidence in its protection ; the whole of the
New-York troops now stationed at Ward's, (including Cap-
tain Delivan's company of rangers,) does not exceed 160
men, officers included ; a force scarcely sufficient to keep
out proper guards and patrolling parties, in order to prevent
a surprise, and totally inadequate to the purpose of fora-
ging, or cutting off supplies of men and provisions from
the enemy's army.
We cannot help again urging the Honourable Convention
in the most pressing terms, immediately to order a rein-
forcement to this county.
We are confident that a thousand men under the com-
mand of a brave and vigilant officer, would effectually
keep the enemy at bay, and bring back to their just alle-
giance to this State, such of the inhabitants who from the
arts or threats of the enemy, have been seduced from it.
Is it then wise or politic to run the hazard of this county,
for want of so small a number of men? Is it honourable
or just to require the inhabitants to take the oath of allegi-
ance to this State, and then to leave them to the mercy of
a handful of traitorous banditti ? Or compel them to fly
from their habitations and to throw themselves for subsist-
ence on the wide world ? Will they not be apt to say, "if
the State of New-York abandons us when so small a force
is able to give protection, what have we to expect if the
enemy should bend their strength this way ?" And may
they not (as they really do) say it with justice ? As for
depending upon the troops of Connecticut as a protection
to the inhabitants of any part of this State, it is a mere
farce ; and in this county, where their principal object has
been plunder, abuse and wanton devastation, they serve
only to aggravate the distress of those of our frends who
have already sulTered too much from the enemy's army,
and by their dastardly conduct to tarnish the reputation
of the American arms. We can assure you sir, that the
minds of many of the most respectable and patriotic in-
habitants, are so sore with the injuries they have received
from them, that nothing but their attachment to the grand
cause, prevents them from doing themselves justice. Will
it not be productive of the most dangerous consequences,
not to apply in time a remedy to this evil ; and can there
be any other found, which is adequate, than that of pro-
tecting the inhabitants with the troops of onr own State ?
We for our own part, think not.
To those who have any feeling for the honor of this
State and for the welfare of the inhabitants of this county,
it is mortifying and insulting to hear the boasts which the
Connecticut troops arc daily making, that they are obliged
to protect this State, when their chief business is to abuse
and plunder our friends, and to run when no man pursueth.
We hope, however, that this mock protection will not be
of long duration ; their time of service expires on the 15th
March next, and we have strong reason to think that they
will all go home before that time comes. For our own
parts, sir, however exposed we may be, and notwithstand-
ing the threats of the enemy against us for the active part
we have taken in the public concerns, we are determined
not to abandon this county so long as we can be of service;
unless we are compelled to retreat before a superior force,
or receive your orders for that purpose. Our presence
here, we have reason to think, gives confidence to the well
affected inhabitants, reclaims many of the timid and se-
duced persons, and in a great degree overawes our domes-
tic enemies. Were there only a proper force to give
weight to the ordinance of convention, respecting the oath
of allegiance, much good might be done ; many of the
inhabitants are daily inquiring of us how low we mean to
maintain our ground, and it is very obvious to be seen that
their allegiance depends upon our protection. Relying
upon the honour and wisdom of the State, we give them
assurances that they may expect protection from our own
troops ; and we trust that the Honourable House will de-
vise the most expeditious means for confirming the hopes we
have given them. Should we be obliged to retreat much
farther, many of our friends being unable to remove, will
be necessitated to submit to the enemy, and to lake the
oath of allegiance to the King of Great Britain ; and who-
ever has seen (what we have done in few days,) several
persons, who were by principle attached to" this State,
obliged to fly to the enemy unless they did violence
to their consciences, and retracted the oaths they had
sworn, must have a very unfeeling heart and weak head
to wish to see others reduced to the same dilemma. We
trust however, that this will not be the case ; and that the
wisdom and honour of the Honourable Convention will
speedily interpose in behalf of this county. It is not im-
possible that the next campaign may be in the county of
Dutchess ; and if we should abandon our friends in this
county, what can be expected from those we have there ?
A constant communication is kept up betwixt the malig-
nants of both, and unless wise and vigorous measures
should in time be pursued, an open revolt in such a case,
would infallibly happen. We have just received a letter
from Mr. Israel Honeywell, a copy of which we enclose
you ; from which you will see the immediate necessity
there is of sending a proper reinforcement, unless we
charitably mean to submit to those who mean to murder or
enslave us. We shall not make any comments on the
motives of General Wooster's retreat, contenting ourselves
with observing that it is our opinion that the enemy's
troops are as much afraid of us, as Genl. Wooster's troops
are of the enemy.
I am sir, by order, with great respect,
Your obedt. hble. servt.
WM. DUER.
To the Honble. Abraham Ten Brook,
Esq. president of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
377
[Letter from Wm. Duer and Jonathan G. Tompkins.]
February 24, 1777.
Sir — We have received your letter of this date in which
you inform us that Genl. Woosier's division has retreated
as far as Rye Neck ; and that he had concluded that you
would probably think best to move with the troops under
your command, at some distance from their present quar-
ters.
Your unwillingness to leave the ground without our di-
rections, reflects honour upon yourself and officers, and
men under your command. In the present political situa-
tion of this county, when ihe minds of the inhabitants are
in a fluctuating slate whether they shall take the oath of
allegiance to this State or fly for protection to the enemy,
nothing we conceive can be more injurious to the public
cause, or dishonourable to the State, than to persist in the
unhappy mode of retreating, which lends only to dispirit
our friends and increase the number of our enemies.
We are, therefore, of opinion that the men under your
command, with Captn. Delivan's company of rangers,
whom we have ordered to join you, should post yourselves
at Ward's and maintain that station till obliged to retreat
before a superior force.
We are sensible that this situation, since the retreat of
Genl. Wooster, is rather exposed ; but in the choice of
difficulties to which we are reduced, any risk is compara-
tively small with that of the honour of the State ; and we
trust from tlie spirited and vigilant behaviour that the offi-
cers and men under your command have liiiherto shown,
that you will maintain this post till you can make an ho-
nourable retreat. We shall exert ourselves to send a rein-
forcement to you with the utmost expedition, and shall
write immediately to the Convention representing to them
the urgent necessity there is for ordering into this county
a sufficient force to protect the inhabitants.
We are sir,
Your obdt. humb. servtsT
WM. DUER,
JONATHAN G. TOMPKINS.
To Lieut. Colo. Van Rensselaer.
A true copy compared with the original by
Richard Hatfield, Sec'ij,
[Copy of a letter from Israel Hone)rwell.J
Philipsborough, 23d Feby. 1777.
Gentlemen — The business in which we are employed
cannot be carried on without the utmost danger, occasioned
by the insufficiency of our guards. Whereas, could we
be supported with a proper number of men, we should not
only be the better enabled to carry on tiiat particular em-
ployment, but likewise to guard the roads downward.
You need not be at a loss for the necessity of it, when I
can assure you, I have heard from undoubted authority
a number of cattle have been drove down to the enemy
within this week past. I have only to intimate that a sup-
ply may be had of Colo. Hammond, and
Am, gentn. your very hble. servt.
ISRAEL HOMEYWELL.
Committee of Convention.
A true copy compared with the original.
Richard Hatfield, Secnj.
[Part of a letter to Gen. Schuyler, relative to a speech and present he
had sent the Seneca Indians.]
Oneida, 23lh Jany. 1777.
To Major-Genl. Schuyler :
Sir — The last time I did myself the honour to address
you by letter, I informed that Tcyohagvveande was at Onei-
da, with a private message from Colo. Butler and Joseph
[Vol. II.] 95
Brant. This day the sachems communicated to me the im-
port of his belt, viz. That Colo. Butler had invited a num-
ber of the chiefs and head warriors of each tribe of the
confederacy to repair to Niagara, by the second week in
February. The chiefs of this tribe are Niklerseo, Ka-
naghgmaesca and Tekagaheare, alias Jemmy, and the only
three lory chiefs the Oneidas have ; and their influence is
not great. They were requested by Butler to bring as
many of their young warriors with them as sliould be dis-
posed to come.
Joseph Brant subjoined to this belt a request, that the
following persons, on account of family connection, would
also visit him at Niagara, viz. Skenonda Kayendalongwe,
Thomas and his brother Peter. Those invited by Joseph
Brant reject the invitation, and utterly decline going ; what
the former will do is yet >incertain.
Teyohagweanda affirmed that Colo. Butler had no other
view in this conference but the peace and union of ihe Si.^
Nations ; that the King of Britain was much grieved to
hear they were divided in their political sentiments, and
feared it would prove their ruin.
However, this pretext was answered by the Oneida chiefs
with some severe remarks and a great deal of humour.
Tayohagweunde farther reported, that Fort Schuyler
would not be attacked this season, on account of its being
in the vicinity of the Oneidas and Mohawks ; that Colo.
Butler was averse to spilling of blood in the territories of
the Six Nations, lest they should be brought into difficulty.
That a general treaty would be held with the Six Nations
and other Indian tribes at Oswego early in the spring, when
young and old were to give their attendance and receive
the King's bounty.
That a winter expedition was intended against Tycon-
deroga, which would not in the least aff"ect the King's
friends this way.
The Oneida runners who were sent with your honour's
speech to the Six Nations, returned last evening. I have
now the pleasure to inform you, from good authority, that
your speech and present were joyfully and thankfully re-
ceived by liie Senecas ; forty of their chiefs and warriors
were present. Their conduct and expressions of joy upon
the delivery of the belt, were such as very sensibly affect-
ed the messengers, and made them forget the fatigues of
their march. They observed to me that Kayengweleaghte
in returning their answer, closed every sentence with thanks
to General Schuyler. They particularly mentioned your
opening trade at Fort Schuyler, at this season, as being
what ihey scarcely expected from the situation of our af-
fairs, and the reports our enemies have propagated among
them, also yoursendingsodirect and particular account of the
victory of your chief warriors, and the present of a barrel
of rum as a confirmation of it, and to let them know you
still remember them and the ancient covenant.
Lastly, returned many thanks that you requested the
Oneidas to send some of their wise men to deliver your
speech from tribe to tribe, till they had reached the Senecas,
by which means they know what to depend upon for truth.
They then desired that they might frequently hear from
you, whenever any thing important takes place your way,
and promised that you should soon hear from them ; that
they had sent off" two men to Niagara to know the real de-
.sign of Colo. Butler's intended conference with a particu.
liir number of Indians.
There had been various reports concerning this meeting
since Teyohagvveandc passed their village on the way
down to the Oneidas, with which they were not well pleas-
ed, and had therefore determined to know the truth of the
matter, before they concluded to go. Upon the return of
tlicse men, they would immediately forward an express to
the Oneidas, and request them to acquaint General Schuy-
ler.
Kayengweleaghtea gives his compliments to General
Schuyler, and informs that he intends a visit to the General
pretty soon, if nothing takes place at Niagara to prevent
378
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
It. Your honor will excuse me for not writing the speech
ia form. I iiavc been ••••••
[The remainder of this letter has been lost.l
[Letter relative to a landing of the British above Ver Planck's Point.]
Fishkill, Sunday 6 o'clock.
Sir — We were informed this morning that a frigate, four
transports (filled with men,) two lenders and two row gal-
leys belonging to llie enemy, had come up the river as
far as Crotons. And by a person this instant from Peeks-
kill, we arc informed that llic enemy had landed about three
hundred men at Ver Planck's Point, and had embarked in
boats, and were preparing to land about tlic same number
higher up. Our people were destroying all their stores.
The enemy's shipping were to the northward of Ver
Planck's Point. We tliought it our duty to give you this
intelligence by express.
And remain respectfully, sir,
Your very humb. servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
MELANCTON SMITH.
To the Hon. Abraham Ten Broeck,
President of Convenlion of the State
of New-York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Francis Lewis relative to attendance of Delegates, and
the prizes of the armed sloop Montgomery.]
Baltimore, 3Ut Jany. 1777.
Dear Sir — My last was of the 16lh inst. to the Honour-
able the Convenlion, in answer to your favour of the 1st
current. I therein advised the urgent necessity of send-
ing a sufficient number of Delegates to represent our Stale
in Congress; myself being the only member attending for
above six weeks past, our State has been deprived of their
vote on questions, in my opmion, of some consequence ;
and although Congress endeavours to avoid parliahty as a
collective body, yet it will imperceptibly steal inlo the
minds of individuals, perhaps, without their thinking so.
Permit me to observe that the four New-England Slates
are always represented.
My last informed the Convention of the arrival of the
armed sloop Montgomery, Capt. Rogers, with two prizes,
vizt. a briganline and schooner in this harbour. I have pro-
cured libels to be filed against both, and the 10th day of Fe-
bruary was appointed for trial. I shall assist Capt. Rogers
to obtain condemnation, but learn that ihe brigantine's cargo,
consisting of about 3000 bushels of salt, will be claimed
as the properly of an inhabitant of this town. The schoo-
ner's cargo is valuable, and as some articles, vizt. cheese,
&c. are perishable, I have obtained leave to land the car-
go under the care of the Continenlal agent for this State.
I am informed there is woollens sufficient to clothe a bat-
talion, which I shall reserve until I receive the orders of
Convention ; there is also about £400 sterling worlh of
fine Irish linen, much too fine for soldiers' shirts ; these I
would advise to have sold here, together with such other
articles not suitable fijr the troops, as they will in my opi-
nion, yield a better price here than elsewhere, and the
sailors will want money. I have advised Capt. Rogers to
fit out his sloop for another cruise, as soon as possible.
Should you order any of the articles to your State, they
must be conveyed by land, as two English frigates with
two tenders are lying at the capes.
At foot you have an abstract of the schooner's cargo,
collected from the cockets, the mvoice being destroyed.
I have the honor to be, sir,
Your obedt. humb. servt.
F. LEWIS.
Schooner HannaWs Cargo, vizt :
12 barrels and 10 half barrels of barley.
23 tierces, 26 barrels, 7 ankers, 25 firkins beef.
21 casks raisins, say 21 casks.
1 cask neats' tongues.
4 tierces and 19 barrels peas.
36 kegs pickled tripe.
f> firkins butter.
33 coils cordage.
15 hhds. beer.
30 bundles sheathing paper.
1 hhd. glassware.
4 cross cut saws.
1 puncheon and 1 barrel shoes.
7 bales woollens.
1 puncheon 2 boxes and 3 bales woolens.
1 bale osnaburgs.
6 bales and 33 loose bolts canvas.
1 barrel pork, 1 cask lampblack.
2 cases mustard, 1 box spices.
1 case butions and trimmings.
1 case pickles, 3 chests Florence oil.
3 bundles twine.
112 cheeses, 1 keg nails.
50 hampers red port wine.
1 pack cinnamon.
2 boxes pipes, and a parcel of oakum.
N. B. Several of the woollens and linens being wet, it
became necessary to open them.
Briganline Minerva^s Cargo.
3000 bushels salt, and 1 puncheon rum.
P. S. Please to inform the superintendent for the fri-
gates, that I learn anchors may be got of one Forbes at
Cannain who makes them, and is not far from Hudson's
river ; none to be got here, and at Philadelphia ihey are
fully employed for their own vessels.
To the Hon Abraham Ten Broeck, President
of the Convention of the State of New-York,
at FishkiU.
[Letter from Francis Lewis, relative to a full representation in Con-
gress.]
Baltimore, 31st January, 1777.
Dear Sir — I have received your favour of the 17th in-
stant, and am concerned to find that the appointment of
Colo. Warner should give umbrage to any gentlemen in
our State. When it was moved in Congress, several ob-
jections were made to the motion ; it was at length put to
the vote, when a inajority appeared to be for the question.
This I can venture to assure you, that in all debates of this
kind, Congress seems determined to put all disputes be-
tween individuals, and even between States, about proper-
ty, out of sight; as debates of this kind the last year, be-
tween the States of Connecticut and Pennsylvania, took
up the whole attention of Congress, to the great detriment
of the service, and to but very little effect. I am well
satisfied in my own mind, that Congress has not the least
idea, as a collective body, of suffering any State to be dis-
membered, whatever the secret views of individuals may be.
But permit me to say, that to leave our Stale so long unre-
presented in Congress is a fault ; when I observe to you
that the four New-England States always keep a full repre-
sentation; when, in some debates, those States may be inju-
red who are not represented ; Congress has often complained
to me of this neglect, and indeed urged it in their public
resolves, but to no efi'ect hitherto ; I hope the Convention
will speedily remedy this evil. I have for these six weeks
past been the only member to represent our State in Con-
gress. Let me beg you would make this known to the
Convention, and believe me to be sincerely,
Dear sir.
Your very humb. servt.
F. LEWIS.
John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Capt. Steinrod, informing that his men have come from
Jersey, and that they are unwilling to stay in barracks.]
January 31, 1777.
Gentlemen of the Convention — As I have been in
the service, and what men I have had in the Jerseys are
come home, and will not stay if I do not, if you think
proper, I will call them out, and go down with the militia.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
379
and keep guard or be ordered by any of the officers that are
over me. If you want ihenn to remain in the barracks,
they will not slay ; and I think it will be cheaper for them
to slay steady, than for the militia to come and go.
I should be glad if you would give me an order to re-
ceive £100 for the company, for the reason that since the
pay roll has been made, I have let them have money, and
ihey can find me when I cannot find them all. It would,
besides, be a great trouble for me to call on seventy men
or ihereabout, when they can call on me for their money,
and if ihey have the money some might pay, when others
would rather spend it than pay any debt. If you would
let me come before the House, you could know my mean-
ing better than you can find out bv what I have wrote.
CORS. Sf EENROD, Captain.
[Letter from Cornelius Steenrodj relative to raising a troop of horse.]
January 31, 1777.
Gentlemen of the Committee — As Mr. Delancy has
applied to your honours for protection, and if you cannot give
him any I desire you to write, for he is calling on me every
time that I come lo the Fishkills. If you do not think
proper to do any thing for him, send word, and then I sup-
pose he will be satisfied ; but write whatever you decide
upon.
As I have had some thoughts of getting on with our half
company of horse, if you have not a mind, and think pro-
per to let me serve in such a company, I can get a com-
pany of intelligent men, about half of whom would fur-
nish themselves with the best of horses and holsters, if the
wages would pay the cost. They want to be raised for
three years, as they would not be willing to fiix for a few
days. So no more at present.
CORS. STEENROD, Captain.
[Circular from the Hon. John Hancock, relative to the Declaration of
Independence.]
Baltimore, January 31, 1777.
Gentlemen — As there is not a more distinguished event
in the history of America than the Declaration of her Inde-
pendence, nor any that, in all probability, will so much ex-
cite the attention of future ages, it is highly proper that the
memory of that transaction, together with the causes that
gave rise to it, should be preserved in the most careful man-
ner that can be devised : I am, therefore, commanded by
Congress to transmit you the enclosed copy of the Act of
Independence, with the list of the several members of
Congress subscribed thereto, and to request that you will
cause the same to be put upon record, that it may hence-
forth form a part of the archives of your State, and remain
a lasting testimony of your approbation of that necessary
and important measure.
I have the honour lo be,
Gentlemen,
Your most obed. and very hble. serv.
JOHN HANCOCK, Fresidf..
Honble. Convention of the State
of New- York.
[Letter from Joab Hoisington, asking for money.]
Fishkill, January II, 1777.
Honoured sir — I determine, with the leave of Provi-
dence, to set out for Colioos this afternoon, therefore I would
beg the favour, if you have any orders for me, or the de-
tachment of rangers under my command, that they may be
forwarded immediately. I having advanced all the money
I received of ihe Convention to the officers and soldiers,
and for supplies, and tarrying much longer than 1 expected,
am dcsiilule of money to bear my expenses home ; would
beg ihe favour of a small sum lo relieve my present neces-
sity. Gentlemen, your complying with my request will
much oblige your humble servant.
JOAB HOISINGTON.
To the President of the Honorable
Convention of the State of New- York.
[Private letter on the appointment of Colos. Allen and Warner to raise
troops, independent of the jurisdiction of New-York.]
Sir — I beg leave to mention to you, that it is here asserted
and generally believed, that Congress have authorized a
Colo. Warner and certain other officers to raise a regiment
in this State, at least without the inlervenlion of the State.
This measure has given anxiety and disgust lo several of
the first characters in ihe Slate who have risqued bolh their
lives and fortunes in its defence. If such a regiment was
necessary, men worthy of confidence might have been found
to raise it with at least equal success.
It is believed, sir, by some, that there are designs of indi-
viduals at least, lo dismember this Stale. The appointments
above mentioned, if such there are, may tend to this end.
This Stale is of great importance in the present war ; with-
out ihe aid of this State, or even of the county of Albany,
(exclusive of every other part of it,) the war could not be
supported with less than double the present expense, if it
could be supported at any rate. The Stale will not sub-
mit to be dismembered ; and there are not wanting many
respectable characters, both in the Senate and the Ameri-
can army, who intimate that they would rather submit to a
Tyrant at 3,000 miles distance, than to avaricious or tyran-
nical neighbours.
In a confidence, sir, that the sentiments of the people,
even from an individual, will not disoblige, I have taken
the liberty hastily to mention part of those I have heard,
and hope you will receive this private letter with the same
friendly intention with which it is wrote.
I have the honour to be,
With great respect and esteem, sir.
In Committee of Safety for the State of New- York.
Fishkill, January 11th, 1777.
Sir — The Convention of this State received your favour
the 1st instant, and are extremely surprised to find so little
notice taken of their complaints about the restriction laid
on their trade by your Slate. They had flattered them-
selves that during the continuation of this war, all America
would have been considered as one State ; that each would
have sacrificed its little partial interests to the general wel-
fare, and that none would have been found sufficiently
selfish to derive advantages from the distresses of those
who suffer.
In Congress, Jan. 24, 1777.
Ordered, That Mr. President write to the States of New-
York and Delaware, requesting ihem to send immediately
lo Congress representalions of their respective Stales, and
provide that for the future, applications of this kind may be
rendered unnecessary.
[Letter from John Hancock, Esq. at Baltimore.]
Baliimcre, January 2Sth, 1777.
Gentlemen — The necessity of every Stale being pro-
perly represented in Congress, to add weight and reputa-
tion to the counsels of America, as well as to keep up that
union and good correspondence so essential to our country,
will naturally suggest the motives that induced the Con-
gress to pass the above resolve, which I have no doubt you
will immediately comply with.
I have the honour to be.
Gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
The Honourable the Convention
of the Stale of New-York, at Fishkill
380
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Jos. Wood, of Orange county-l
Goshen, January 9th, J 777.
Gentlemen — By atnhorily invested in me, I have broke
open llic enclosed, and send it to your Honourable Body
for your perusal.
JOSEPH WOOD.
The President of the ConveDtion-
[Letter from Chauncey Graham at Fishkill, to the Chairman of the
Committee of Safety then sitting there.')
Fishkill, 25 January, 1777.
Mr. Chairman — I infornned the Honourable coirioiittee
in my last lliat a soldier infected with the small pox, had
lodged at my next neighbour's. The consequence is, one
of lus children has broke out with the small pox, and as
Mrs. Graham and her little child have not had it, and are
daily in danger of taking that distemper the natural way ;
and as I neither know when nor where the county commit-
tee sets, to whom I understand the appointment of places
for the purpose of inoculation is committed by this Ho-
nourable House, I beg it as a favour, I may be permit-
ted to procure a house safe for the public, for the inocu-
lation of Mrs. Graham and child ; and all possible care
shall be taken to prevent the spreading of the infection the
natural way, by sir,
Your humble servt.
CHAUNCEY GRAHAM.
Hon. Chairman of the Comtee. of Safety.
[Letter from Peter Dubois to James Herryl.l
Newark, Jani-y. 25th, 1777.
Mr. James Herryl : —
Sir — A few days since I wrote you by Alexander Craw-
ford, who was on his way home, and then begged you
would be so kind and endeavour to get Gcnl. James Clin-
ton to grant me a renewal of the pass he was so obliging
to grant me last summer, for the removal of my effects to
Essex county, in the State of New-Jersey. As I have
just met with the bearer, Mr. Silas Gardner, who is going
home from his friends here, to endeavour to get them
some horses, with which he is to return to Essex, it may
be a good opportunity to send me down by him on his re-
turn, my pleasure sleigh, which he will endeavour to bring
with him ; and you can also by him enclose me my pass
if you have obtained it. As he is in a hurry to go off I
cannot longer detain him ; and am, with respects to Mrs.
Herryl, hers, and,
Sir, your very obedt. humle. servt.
PETER DUBOIS.
[Letter from Gen. McDougall at Peekskill.]
Head-Quarters, )
Peekskill, 23d. Jany. 1777. ^
Sir — I forgot to inform you in my last that a considera-
ble number of the Hessians, about ten days ago, refused
to reinforce a party of the King's troops near Woodbridge;
when it was apprehended they would be attacked. The
Hessians alledged they were not accustomed to winter
campaigns in their own country, and they were assured
they were to remain in winter "quarters. They were in-
stantly disarmed and sent to New-York under guard. John
Abeel, who came out a few days ago, confirms the account,
and saw them brought to New-York unarmed, under a
guard. This is of more importance to us than if we had
taken double the number of prisoners ; they are a sullen
people, and it is very propable the contagion will spread
if they are punished ; and their brethren without are har-
rassed with a winter's campaign, and deprived of plunder.
The last intelligence I have from Jersey, is that our
army is drawing near the enemy's in the form of a semi-
circle, so that in a few days we must have some impor-
tant advice from thence. Nothing important from King's
bridge. By the enclosed you will be informed of the rob-
bery of Mr. Seton ; another has been committed to a
much greater amount on Mr. Henry Williams, at Bedford,
the late member of Convention for Kings county, and by
circumstance it must iiave been done by the same gang.
I have under the direction of the sub-committee sent
out a party to apprehend the persons mentioned in the in-
closure, and such others as may be suspected.
It is with reluctance I meddle with civil matters, but
I found the sub-committee inattentive. I submit it to
your consideration whether it will not be expedient for the
security of property in this county, to embody a small
discreel party under the command of a good officer, to
search for and keep such villains restrained. Time will
only permit me to add, that I am with great truth and re-
gaid,
Your and the committee's
Very humble servant.
■ ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
To the Honourable the Chairman and
Members of the Committee of Safety
of the SUte of New-York.
[Letter from Egbert Benson, chairman of the Dutchess county com-
mittee ]
Dutchess County Committee, Jan. 3, 1777.
Sir — Application having been made to us by some of
our members attending Congress, for a nomination of field
officers in the regiment of militia in this county, lately
commanded by Beverly Robinson, Esq. we have agreed to
recommend the following gentlemen, viz: John Kaine, co-
lonel, John Field, lieutenant colonel, Andrew Morehouse,
first major, Henry Luddirigton, second major, Benajah
Tubbs, adjutant, and William Pearce, quarter master.
I am directed by the committee, to inform you of this
matter, and to request that you will please to procure the
commissions and transmit them to our committee of cor-
respondence at Poughkeepsie, as soon as possible.
I remain (by order of the committee)
Your very humble servt.
EGBT. BENSON, Chair'n.
To the Gentn. attending from Dutchess
county, in the Committee of Safety
for the Colony of New-York.
In Congeess, January 16, 1777.
Resolved, That a committee of seven be appointed to
inquire into the conduct of the British and Hessian general
officers, towards the officers, soldiers, and mariners, in
the service of the United States, and any other persons,
inhabitants of these States, in their possession as prison-
ers of war, or otherwise ; and also, into the conduct of
the said generals and officers, and the troops under their
command, towards the subjects of these States, and their
properly, more especially of the States of New-York and
New-Jersey.
The members chosen, Mr. Chase, Mr. Witherspoon,
Mr. Clarke, Mr. Lewis, Mr. Ross, Mr. Heyward and
Mr. Smith.
Extract from the minutes.
Published by order of Congress.
CHARLES THOMSON, Sec.
[Letter from Samuel Chaw.]
Baltimore Town, January 23, 1777.
Gentlemen — The commillee appointed by the enclosed
resolution of Congress, request your Honourable body to
appoint some gentleman of your Stale to inquire into and
tnke depositions of credible witnesses, on the several mat-
ters contained in the resolve ; and to direct them to trans-
mit the testimony, as taken, to the committee, that they
may report to Congress as soon as possible.
'The committee have been informed that some of tlie
prisoners of the 17lh or 55th regiments, taken at Prince-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
381
ton, have said that llieir major had given ihem orders " to
stand until they were cut to pieces, and take no prisoners."
It is reported here, that several of our officers were
shot or stabbed with the bayonet, after they had surren-
dered; Genl. Mercer and Lieut. Yeates, are mentioned
among that number. It is also said that several bodies
have been found in the Jerseys, hangina on trees.
I am with great respect, gentlemen
Your most obcdt. servt.
SAML. CHAW.
tLetter from Mary Rutgers, complaining of the committee of Red-
Hook obliging her to pay the whole expense of transporting a num-
ber of tory women to New-York.]
Siattsburg, Januarx^ 14, 1777.
To the Honourable, the Council
of Safety for the State of New-York.
The petition of Mary Rutgers late of the city of New-
York,
Humbly Sheweth:
That your petitioner, in December last, understandmg
that a flag was to sail from Redhook for New-York, with
some lory women, immediately applied to His Excellency,
the Governor, for his hcense to go along ; and having ob-
tained the same, in company with Mrs. Banyard, Miss
Bayard and Miss Clopper, went there ; but no sloop was
got, and we were given to understand that there were not
tory women sufficient to hire a sloop; on which two of the
members of Rynbeeck committee, went to Mr. Banyard,
(who acted for your petitioner and her company,) and told
him that if he would contribute any part of the expense,
it was well, or else it was not the committee's worth
while to hire one, on which Mr. Banyard told the two
gentlemen that he was willing to pay £30, or even half of
the expense, (meaning for your petitioner and her com-
pany,) in consequence of which a sloop was hired, and
your 'petitioner and her three companions went on board,
as also four tory women and seven or eight children, sent
by the above committee.
On their arrival at New-York they were landed, and
the flao- ordered by government there, to depart immedi-
ately, °o that they could not have the benefit of returning
with her.
Your petitioner, on her return with another flag, found a
demand made on her by the aforesaid committee, of no
less than £25. for her bare passage to New-York; to
which she objected, as unreasonable and extravagant ;
they in their answer, say it is the expenses of the sloop,
which they are pleased to divide in the following manner,
viz
sons, your petitioner humbly begs leave to turn herself to
this Honl. Board, and that they will be pleased to grant
her such relief, as they in their wisdom and goodness shall
think fit.
And vour petitioner, as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
MARY RUTGERS.
[Resolutions of Continental Congress.]
In Congress, Dec. 30, 1776.
It appearing to Congress that it is extremely difficult, if
not impracticable, to supply the army of the United States
with bacon, salted beef and pork, soap, tallow and candles,
unless the exportation thereof be prohibited : Therefore,
Resolved, That none of the said articles, except such as
may be necessary for the crew, be exported from any of
the United States after the fifth day of January next, until
the first day of November next, or until Congress shall
make further order therein. And it is earnestly recom-
mended to the executive powers of the several United
States to see that this resolution be strictly complied with.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
For Mrs. Banyard,.
Miss Bayard
Miss Clopper,
Your petitioner, . . .
Total,.
£33
15
25
25
£98
And notwithstanding all possible arguments have been
made use of, to convince them of the unreasonableness of
their demand, they still persist in the same; thus wanting
to saddle your petitioner and her company, with the whole
expense of the flag, without in the least considering, that
they sent four women and seven or eight children on board,
whose eff"ects of hay, grain, cattle, &c. &c. has been
seized for the benefit of the State.
Your petitioner conceives it unprecedented, that a pri-
vate person should pay for the transporting tory women
and children to New-York; and although she has olTcred
to pay £10 for her part, or else her just proportion of what
was off"ere.d by Mr. Banyard, they refuse it.
And as said committee in an arbitrary manner insist on
said £25, and seeing no likelihood of coming to any agree-
ment they not being pleased to be convinced by any rea-
[Vol. II.] 96
In Congress, Dec. 27, 1776.
Resolved, That Genl, Washington be empowered to use
every endeavour by giving bounties and otherwise, to pre-
vail upon the troops whose time of enlistment shall expire
at the end of the month, to stay with the army so long after
that period as its situation shall render their stay neces-
sary :
That the new levies in Virginia, Maryland, the Delaware
State, Pennsylvania and New-Jersey, be ordered to march
by companies and parts of companies, as fast as they shall
be raised, and join the army under Genl. Washington with
the utmost despatch :
That the foregoing resolution be transmitted by the Pre-
sident to the executive powers of the States before men-
tioned, who are requested to carry it into execution ; to
appoint commissioners to precede the troops and procure
provisions for them on their march, and that they be em-
powered to draw money for this purpose from the nearest
Continental paymaster :
That Gen. Washington be empowered to appoint a com-
missary of prisoners, and a clothier-general for supplying
the army ; to fix their salaries, and return their names to
Congress :
That Genl. Washington be requested to fix upon that
system of promotion in the Continental army, which in his
opinion, and that of the general officers with him, will pro-
duce most general satisfaction ; that it be suggested to him
whether a promotion of field officers in the Colonial line,
and of captains and subalterns in the regimental line would
not be the most proper :
That the committee of Congress at Philadelphia be de-
sired to contract with proper persons for erecting at Car-
lisle, in Pennsylvania, a magazine sufficient to contain ten
thousand stand of arms, and two hundred tons of gunpow-
der ; and also for erecting a laboratory adjacent to such
magazine :
That the council of Massachusetts Bay be desired to con-
tract with proper persons for erecting in the town of Brook
field, in that State, a magazine sufficient to contain ten
thousand stand of arms and two hundred tons of gunpow-
der ; and also for erecting a laboratory adjacent to such
magazine :
That Congress approve of Genl. Washington's directing
the quarter-master-gcneral to provide teams for each regi-
ment, and for other necessary purposes :
That the committee of secret correspondence be desired
to direct the commissioners at the Court of France to pro-
cure, if possible, from that Court an hundred thousand
stand of small arms :
382
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <kc.
That the second and seventh Virginia regiments, with
all the convalescents from the other corps left in that State,
and now fit fur duty, be ordered to march and join the army
under General Washington willi the utmost despatch, leav-
ing the arms that they have at present with the Governor
and Council of that State, as they will be provided with
others at the Head of the Elk :
That three of the regiments upon tlie new establishment
in North Carolina be ordered to march immediately to join
Genl. Washington ; that the Stale of Virginia be empower-
ed to call into service at the Continental expense, three
regiments of militia or minute men, if such a measure shall
be by ihat Stale judged necessary.
The unjust, but deteimined purpose of the British Court
to enslave these free Stales, obvious through every delu-
sive insinualion to ihe contrary, having placed things in
such a siiualion that ihe very existence of civil liberty now
depends on the right execution of military powers ; and
the vigorous decisive conduct of these being impossible to
distant, numerous and deliberative bodies ; this Congress,
having maturely considered the present crisis, and having
perfect reliance on ihe wisdom, vigour and uprightness of
Genl. Washington, do hereby
Resolve, That (jchI. Washington shall be, and he is
hereby vested with full, ample and complete powers to
raise and collect together, in the most speedy and effectual
manner, from any or all of these United States, sixteen
battalions of infantry in addition to those already voted by
Congress ; to appoint officers for the said battalions ; to
raise, officer, and equip three thousand light horse, three
regiments of artillery, and a corps of engineers, and esta-
blish their pay ; to apply to any of the States for such aid
of the militia as he shall judge necessary ; to form such
magazines of provisions, and in such places as he shall
think proper ; to displace and appoint all officers under the
rank of brigadier-general, and to fill up all vacancies in
every other department in ihe American army ; to lake,
wherever he may be, whatever he may want for the use of
the army, if the inhabilanls will not sell it, allowing a rea-
sonable price for the same ; to arrest and confine persons
who refuse to lake the Continental currency, or are otherwise
disaffected to the American cause, and return to the States
of which they are citizens, their names and the nature of
their offences, together wiih the witnesses to prove them :
That the foregoing powers be vested in Genl. Washing-
ton for and during ihe term of six months from the dale
hereof, unless sooner determined by Congress.
Resolved, That the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania
be requested to take the most vigorous and speedy mea-
sures for punishing all such as shall refuse Continental
currency, and that the General be directed to give all neces-
sary aid' to the Council of Safety for carrying their mea-
sures on this subject into effectual execution.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[Letter of John Hancock, covering resolutions of the Continental
Congress, of the 27th Deer. 1776.]
(CiaCULAR.)
Baltimore, Deer. 30th, 1776.
Gentlemen — Ever attentive to the security of civil
liberty. Congress would not have consented to the vesting
such powers in the military department, as those which
the enclosed resolves convey to the Continental Com-
mander-in-Chief, if the situation of public affairs did not
require at this crisis a decision and vigour, which distance
and numbers deny to assemblies far removed from each
other, and from the immediate seat of war.
The strength and progress of the enemy, joined to pros-
pects of considerable reinforcements, have rendered it not
only necessary that the American force should be aug-
mented beyond what Congress had heretofore designed, but
lhat it should be brought into the field, with all possible expe-
dition. These considerations induce Congress to request,
in tlie most earnest maimer, that the fullest influence of
your Stale may be exerted to aid such levies as the Gene-
ral shall direct, in consequence of the powers now given
liim ; and lhat your quota of baltdlions formerly fixed,
may be completed with all the despatch that an ardent de-
sire to secure the public happiness can dictate.
I have the honor to be,
Willi every sentiment of esteem,
Gentlemen, your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK. Presid:.
The resolve prohibiting the exportation of sundry arti-
cles, and the other resolves enclosed, I beg leave lo refer
to your particular attention.
I congratulate you on the success of General Washing-
ton in the Jer.seys ; the particulars you will find in the
papers enclosed.
The enclosed packet I beg the favour you will please lo
order to be forwarded by a fresh express lo General
Schuyler, immediately ; and I further request you will give
my express the best route to Boston, and pray direct him
to use all despatch on his journey.
To the Honl. the Convention of the Stale of New- York.
[Resolutions for appointin:; hospitals for inoculation for the
small pox.]
Committee of Safety "i
For the State of New-York, >
FUhkill, Jan. 22, 1777. )
Whereas the small pox prevails in several parts of this
Stale, and there is reason to apprehend lhat nolwiihstand-
I ing every precaution it will become more general and pre-
dominant: And WHEREAS the salutary practice of inocu-
lating for lhat disease is totally prohibited within this State,
by a resolution of the Provincial Congress, passed on the
18th day of December, 1775, and the good people thereof
are consequently exposed to the dangers of being visited
by that fatal distemper in the natural way : And whereas
at the same time that it is proper to remove the discontents
of the good people of this State, by reason of their being
deprived of the advantage of inoculation, it is also neces-
sary to prevent as far as possible the spreading of that
disease in places through which the troops of the United
I Stales may be called to pass, or may be stationed for the
defence of the country :
Resolved, therefore, That the general committees of
each respective county within this State do appoint and
assign fit and suitable places for inoculating hospitals in
their respective counties, using every precaution in their
power to prevent the spreading of the small pox on or near
any of the public roads, or in or near any city, town, or
village, through which the troops of the United States
usually, or may probably pass, or in which they are or may-
be stationed ; and that the practice of inoculation be re-
stricted to such places as shall be so appointed by the respec-
tive county committees, in which it shall be lawful for all
persons to inoculate and be inoculated, notwithstanding
the aforesaid resolution of the Provincial Congress to the
contrary.
Resolved, further. That if any person or persons shall
inoculate for the small pox at any place or places other
than those appointed by the committees of each county, he,
she, or they, so offending, shall forfeit the sum of five
hundred pounds for the use of this State.
Extract from the minutes.
ROBERT BEiNSON, Sec'ry.
[Letter from Dan'l Graham, Chairman of the Committee of Kingston.]
Kingston, 22d January, 1777.
Sir — By order of committee, I am desired to acquaint
the Honourable the Convention, of the state and circum-
stances of our town. We have prisoners sent lo us from
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
383
lall parts of our State, and are still coming in daily, so that
our gaol is almost filled with tliem. We have also the re-
cords of this Stale stored here, and the town now altoge-
ther destitute of a guard, which causes us a great uneasi-
ness, and which we think it ought not by any means to be.
The inhabitants have till lately kept a guard, when they
made a great complaint about their being obliged to keep
a guard without any recompense for the same, saying that
it is too great a burthen for our town to bear, though at the
same time confess that they are willing to do any thing
that can with reason and justice be demanded from them.
You are therefore requested to lay this letter before the
Honourable the Convention, and take their advice about
the same. We think it most reasonable that the Conven-
tion should provide a sufficient guard or order us to hire
such a number of men as you shall think suflScient for ihat
purpose, and beg you will acquaint us by the first oppor-
tunity with the opinion of the Convention respecting the
same, and by so doing you will oblige the committee.
DANL. GRAHAM, Chairman.
[Letter from J. Hasbrouck, at Newburgh.]
Newburgh, January 22, 1777.
Capt. Belknap — I shall put you in mind again about
a resolve of Congress, concerning ihe resolution of refus-
ing to march in case of alarm or invasion, and of what fines
are to be recovered of them ; or if there is such a resolve,
be so good as to send me a copy of it with all speed, as I
am now in want of it. I have understood that there were
three of Colonel Rudger's rangers brought into the Con-
gress as prisoners, and one of them of the name of Knapp,
near Newburgh, which I expect to be Moses Knapp. If
it be him, be so good as to let me know with all speed, and
I will remain yours to serve.
J. HASBROUCK.
[Letter from Jno. Nicholl to John McKesson.]
New IVindsor, January 21, 1777.
Dear Sir — As we are at a loss for news on this side of
the river, by being deprived of the papers, I should take it
very kind if you would please to send me the Crisis, and
such other pieces as would be useful at this day, for dis-
persing through our county. When you see Mr. Loudon,
please to let him know I should be glad to take his paper
as usual, with such other pieces as are wrote by the friends
of our country, he keeping an account of the same ; I shall
pay him with pleasure — pardon the freedom I take in giv-
ing you this trouble.
I am, dear sir, your humble servt.
JOHN NICHOLL.
[An intercepted letter from Alexr. Exceen to Jn. Deforest.]
Philadelphia, January 21, 1777.
Dear Jack — I take this opportunity to acquaint you that
I am well ; and what of all that Jack ? I suppose you did
not care if that I was d d. Well, Jack, if that we don't
agree in sentiments, lei that drop ; I should be glad to hear
of you, and 1 don't think but you would be glad to hear of
me. I understand that (iulls, the barber, has a lieutenant's
commission ; I wish him a better post, Inn don't think he
deserves what he has got. Well, Jack, I am well, and
hope that all is well. We shall see one another between
this and seven years, and may meet good friends ; please
to remember me to all old acquaintances. I am. Jack,
upon my travels, and what of that ; I should be glad to
see you, but never, as I undcrstaiul you are now. Please
to give my compliments to all friends and relations,
I am, dear Jack, your friend to serve.
ALEX. EXCEEN.
[Intercepted letter from Philadelphia to Peter G. Waldron, New-York. J
Philadelphia, January 21, 1777.
Dear Brother — I take this opportunity to acquaint you
that I am well, and should be glad to hear the same from
you. But God knows we cannot expect that, as you know
we are of different opinions. I do not expect to hear from
you while I am in America ; but I hope that by the time we
see one another again, that all may be in quietness to the
honour of all. I have not had the pleasure of a line from
Caty nor father nor mother since I have been in America,
and God knows I do not expect it. I am most of the opi-
nion that they may be in York ; if that be the case, fare-
well Caty for me, for my move is not that way. I do not
expect to be this way again in a twelvemonth. Dear bro-
ther, I can write nothing from here, nor do not think it is
proper that you should write from there ; but this I may
say, as we cannot agree in one affair, do not let us disagree
so much as, if we have an opportunity, not to let one ano-
ther know whether we are dead or alive.
Please to give my love to all inquiring friends. I should
be glad you would give my love to Capt. McLoud and all
the family, if they ask after me ; if not, save yourself the
trouble. If father and mother and Caty are not there, please
to acquaint them that I am well, by the first opportunity.
I am, dear brother,
With the greatest respect.
Your humble servt.
ALEX. EXCEEN.
Petek G. Waldron, at New- York.
[Anonymous letter relative to money matters, directed to His. Y.]
21st January, 1777.
Dear Sir — I have both yours of the 24th and 29th
Octr. The difficulty of putting out money on real estate
is beyond conception, indeed it is impossible.
I have disposed of near £600 for the late house for three
years at two per cent, and not to be paid sooner unless by
consent of parlies : this sum will be not far from the
amount I have in my hands.
Your balance still remains, and am afraid shall not dis-
pose of it soon ; but you may rely I will do what I can
for you. I hope you got the things from E. Town safe ; I
paid Mr. West a small sum a few days ago. I beg to
hear from you when opportunity offers, and am truly,
Yours, &c.
P. S. Your horse, &;c. remains on hand ; it is impossi-
ble to dispose of it on the terms you mention ; the expense
of keeping him is very great, and wish you had allowed
me to do the best I could with him ; indeed, no other or-
ders should be given now, as you cannot guess our situa-
tion.
To His. Y.
[Anonymous letter dated from Philadelphia, and directed T. R.
and S.]
Phila. 2Ut January, 1777.
Dear Sir — I received yours of the 30th Novr. per Mr.
S. I have used every possible endeavour to put out your
money, and have employed the different conveyancers for
that purpose, but have not succeeded. My brother is now
on a journey through West Jersey to look what can be
done ; I expect him back the last of this week. All the
chance left is in purchasing lands or houses ; therefore, if
I do any thing, it must be in that — all kind of produce is
out of the question.
Capt. Ball arrived some time ago ; made a great voyage ;
would not go out again ; his vessel is laid up. Capt. Gi-
rard is taken, and carricil to Jamaica. Tlic Betsey was
taken last weekatthc Capes, and sent to New- York. D. Bc-
van was also taken there some time ago. H — r is seized in
the West Indies, by the ofliccrs, for not entering the whole of
384
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
llie goods on freight. I am informed he would get off for I
a htlle money ; he was there on the 12lh of last month.
There are six or seven men of war at our Capes — ten to
one against any vessel gelling in.
1 iiave received from Messrs. Chevaliers & Wilcox
£306 12s. Id. I expect if H — r gels in, it will not be
possible to procure the cargo you order for him ; neither
do I imagine he will go out again ; I shall, therefore, want
your further directions. Should she get into some port to
the southward, il may be possible to load her, which 1 shall
endeavour to do, and procure a man for her if the present
one should decline.
Ponfret's money still remains in my hands, and how to
dispose of it or V. Z's money, I know not.
To T. R. and S.
[Letter from John Bailey jun. relative to John Graham and his son
entering the army.")
Poughkeepsie, January 21, 1777.
Dear Sir — John Graham and my son Dorus are lately
possessed wilh an inclination to cnler the standing army,
provided they could procure a small commission. The
reasons they give are, in the first place, that they will have
no chance to go through college while the war lasts ; se-
condly, that thev will most likely be much harassed wilh
the militia, so that ihcy will not be able to attend any other
business. I am not very well, or T would have come to
advise with you about the matter. I refer them to you for
advice ; you know their age and qualification. If you
should judge it best for them to enter, and you can possi-
bly recommend them wilh honour, if there should be any
vacancy, I would take as a favour that you recommend
them.
Am and remain
Your ready friend and brother,
JOHN BAILEY, Junr.
Zephaniah Platt, Esqr. at Fishkill.
Tlie Ancient Testimony and Principles of the People called
Quakers, renetved with respect to the King and Govern-
ment, and touching the commotions noio prevailing in
these and other parts of America, addressed to the Peo-
p)le in general.
A religious concern for our friends and fellow subjects
of every denomination, and more especially for those of all
ranks, who in the present commotions, are engaged in pu-
blic employments and stations, induces us earnestly to be-
seech every individual in the most solemn manner, to con-
sider the end and tendency of the measures they are pro-
moting ; and on ihe most impartial inquiry into the state
of their minds, carefully to examine whether they are act-
ing in the fear of God, and in conformity to the precepts
and doctrine of our Lord Jesus Christ, whom we profess
to believe in, and that by him alone we expect to be saved
from our sins.
The calamities and afflictions which now surround us
should, as we apprehend, affect every mind with the most
awful consideration of the dispensations of Divine Provi-
dence to mankind in general in former ages, and that as
the sins and iniquities of the people subjected them to
grievous sufferings, the same causes still produce the like
effects.
The inhabitants of these Provinces were long signally
favoured wilh peace and plenty : Have the returns of
true thankfulness been generally manifest ? Have integri-
ty and godly simplicity been maintained, and religiously
regarded ? Hath a religious care to do justly, love mercy,
and walk humbly, been evident? Hath the precept of
Christ, to do unto others as we would they should do unto
us, been the governing rule of our conduct? Hath an up-
right impartial desire to prevent the slavery and oppression
of our fellow men, and to restore ihem to their natural
right, 10 true chrislian liberty, been cherished and encou-
raged ? Or have pride, wanlonness, luxury, profarieness,
a partial spirit, and forgelfulness of the goodness and mer-
cies of God, become lamentably prevalent ? Have we not
therefore, abundant occasion to break off from our sins by
righteousness, and our iniquities by showing mercy to the
poor ; and wilh true contrition and abasement of soul, to
iiumble ourselves, and supplicate the Almighty Preserver
of men to show favour, and to renew unto us a state of
tranquillity and peace?
Il is our fervent desire that this may soon appear to be
the pious resolution of the people in general, of all ranks
and denominations ; then may we have a well grounded
hope that wisdom from above, which is '^jure, peaceable and
full of mercy and good fruits, will preside and govern in
the deliberations of those who, in these perilous times, un-
dertake the transaction of the most important public affairs ;
and that by their steady care and endeavours, constantly to
act under the influences of this wisdom, those of inferior
stations will be incited diligently to pursue those measures
which make for peace, and tend to the reconciliation of
contending parlies, on principles dictated by the Spirit of
Christ, who " came not to destroy men's lives, but to save
them." Luke ix. 5(3.
We are so fully assured that these principles are the
most certain and effectual means of prevenimg the extreme
misery and desolations of wars and bloodshed, that we are
constrained to entreat all who piofess faith in Christ, to ma-
nifest that they really believe in him, and desire to obtain
the blessings he pronounced to the makers of peace. Mat-
thew V. 9.
His spirit ever leads to seek for and improve every op-
portunity of promoting peace and reconciliation, and con-
stantly to remember that as we really confide in him, he
can, in his own time, change the hearts of all men in such
manner, that the way to obtain it, hath been often opened
contrary to every human prospect or expectation.
May we, therefore, heartily and sincerely unite in sup-
plications to the Father of mercies, to grant the plentiful
effusions of his Spirit to all, and in an especial manner to
those in superior stations, that they may wilh sincerity
guard against and reject all such measures and councils,
as may increase and perpetuate the discord, animosities
and unhappy contentions which now sorrowfully abound.
We cannot but with distressed minds, beseech all such,
in the most solemn and awful manner, to consider that, if
by their acting and persisting in a proud, selfish spirit, and
not regarding the dictates of true wisdom, such measures
are pursued as lend to the shedding of innocent blood ; in
the day when ihey and all men shall appear at the judg-
ment seat of Christ, to receive a reward according to their
works, they w'ill be excluded from his favour, and their por-
tion will be in everlasting misery. See Mat. xxv. 41. 2
Cor. V. 10.
The peculiar evidence of divine regard manifested to
our ancestors, in the founding and settlement of these pro-
vinces, we have often commemorated, and desire ever to
remember, wilh true thankfulness and reverent admiration.
When we consider, that at the time they were persecut-
ed and subjected to severe sufferings, as a people unwor
thy of the benefits of religious or civil society, the hearts
of the king and rulers under whom they thus suffered,
were inclined to grant them these fruitful countries, and
entrust them wiih charters of very extensive powers and
privileges ; that on their arrival here, ihe minds of the na-
tives were inclined to receive them with great hospitality
and friendship, and to cede to them the most valuable part
of their land on easy terms ; that while the principles of
justice and mercy continued to preside, they were preserv-
ed in tranquillity and peace, free from the desolating cala-
mities of war ; and their endeavours were wonderfully
blessed and prospered, so that the saying of the wisest of
kings was signally verified to them, " when a man's ways
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
385
please llie Lord, he maketh even his enemies lo be at
peace with him. Pro. xvi. 7.
The benefits, advantages and favour we have experienc-
ed by our dependence on, and connection with, the kings
and government, under which we have enjoyed tliis happy
state, appear to demand from us the greatest circumspec-
tion, care and constant endeavours, to guard against every
attempt to alter or subvert that dependence and connection.
The scenes lately presented to our view, and the pros-
pect before us, we are sensible, are very distressing and
discouraging ; and though we lament that such amicable
measures, as have been proposed both here and in England,
for the adjustment of the unhappy contests subsisting,
have not yet been effectual ; nevertheless, we should re-
joice to observe the continuance of mutual peaceable en-
deavours for effecting a reconciliation, having grounds to
hope that the divine favour and blessing will attend them.
" It hath ever been our judgment and principle, since
we were called to profess the Light of Christ Jesus, mani-
fested in our consciences unto this day, that the setting
up and putting down kings and governments, is God's
peculiar prerogative, for causes best known to himself;
and that it is not our business to have any hand or contri-
vance therein, nor to be busy bodies above our station ;
much less to plot and contrive the ruin or overturn of any
of them, but to pray for the king and safety of our nation,
and good of all men ; that we may live a peaceable and
quiet life, in all godliness and honesty, under the govern-
ment which God is pleased to set over us." Ancient Tes-
timony, 1696, in Sewell's History.
May we, therefore, firmly unite in the abhorrence of all
such writings and measures as evidence a desire and de-
sign to break off the happy connection we have heretofore
enjoyed with the Kingdom of Great Britain, and our just
and necessary subordination to the King, and those who
are lawfully placed in authority under him ; that thus the
repeated solemn declarations, made on this subject, in the
addresses sent to the king, on the behalf of the people of
America in general, may be confirmed, and remain to be
our firm and sincere intentions lo observe and fulfil.
Signed in and on behalf of a meeting of the repre-
sentatives of our Religious Society, in Pennsyl-
vania and New-Jersey ; held at Philadelphia, the
20th day of the First month, 1776.
JOHN PEMBERTON, Clerk.
2Ut Jany. 1777.
Dear Sir — I have both your favours of the 21st Au-
gust and 6th September, and some time ago I received
8,000 dollars, per Capt. Hubbard. I have no doubt but it
is your intention that I should lay out your money, as if it
was my own, and could therefore wish you had given me
such orders ; indeed it is not yet too late, and as we are
all mortal, I beg it may be done ; provided, it is your wish,
for it is impossible for me to dispose of your money in the
manner you point out; thai is on interest, with real security.
I have employed all the conveyancers in this city for
some time past, and have done nothing in that way ; the
only chance is purchasing lands and houses, or sending to
Virginia, Carolina, or Georgia, and investing it in tobacco,
rice and indigo, which, if you approve of, I will try to
spare my brother, and get him to undertake the journey.
I have put out £2,000, on bond and judgment for three
years, at two per cent, and not lo be paid sooner, but by
consent of parlies, I think in safe hands. I have bought
a house and lot ; cost belter than £900, in this place, and
between eight and nine acres of land near the city ; cost
near £200, which is all I have been able lo effect. T re-
quest to hear from you as soon as possible, and am truly.
I closed all your sales early in November, except the
powder blue.
[Letter from Henry Cuyler at Greenbush.]
Greenbush, 13ih Jany. 1777.
Gentn — Your resolve for making me a prisoner of war
and to be sent to Boston, (together with Majr. Edmeston
of 48th regiment, and Lieut. Frazier,) has been commu-
nicated lo me by the committee for the city and county of
Albany.
A report that prevails here of a cartel having taken
place, induces me (with the consent of the committee) to
apply to you for a just information of it, and if so, to ask
the favour to be left with my family at this inclement sea-
son, (and which at this present lime is in a particular need
of my presence,) till my exchange can be effected. Should
I fail in this request, that then I may have my route by
way of Fishkill, to endeavour to get it done from there,
which will prevent me both the fatigues and expense of a
long journey.
I am, gentn.
Your most obedt. humbe. servt.
HENRY CUYLER.
To the Convention of the
State of N. York, at Fishkill.
[Resolution of Congress.]
In Congress, Jany. 16th, 1777.
Resolved, That a copy of the letter from the Conven-
tion of New-York, dated at Fishkill, 28th December last,
be sent to General Washington ; that he be empowered to
take such order in the several matters therein contained as
he shall think best ; and that a letter be written to the
said Convention informing them of what Congress has done
in compliance with their several requests. That the Con-
vention of New-York be informed that Congress highly
approve of their spirited exertions for the defence of their
own, and the State of New Jersey, against the desolation
and ravages of our cruel and remorseless enemies ; and
that Congress have received the address of the said Con-
vention to the people of that State, containing sentiments
highly and generally interesting to the inhabitants of these
States, to whose serious perusal and attention it is ear-
nestly recommended, and that the same be translated into
the German language, and printed at the expense of the
Continent. That Mr. Lewis be directed to have said ad-
dress translated and printed.
By order of Congress.
Jany. 16th, 1777.
Resolved, That a committee of seven be appointed to
inquire into the conduct of the British and Hessian gene-
rals and officers, towards the officers, soldiers and mari-
ners in the service of the United States, and any other
persons inhabitants of the Slates, in their possession as
prisoners of war, or otherwise ; and also into the conduct
of the said generals and officers, and the troops under their
command, towards the subjects of these States and their
properly, more especially of the States of New- York and
New-Jersey.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Prest.
[Letter from Frans. Lewis, at Baltimore, covering a Resolution in
Congress.]
Baltimore, 16th January, 1777.
Sir — I was favoured with your letter of the 1st inst. to-
gether with sundry resolves of the Honourable the Con-
vention, and their printed Address to their constituents, all
which 1 have communicated to Congress, and they highly
approve of your measures.
I am directed by Congress (at their expense) to get a
sufficient number of those Addresses reprinted here, in
[Vol. II. J
97
886
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
order to be dispersed through this and the Southern States,
as also, a number to be struck off in the German language,
300 copies of the latter to be forwarded to the Honourable
Convention, at Fishkills. As there is no press with types
for the German language in this town, 1 have this day
sent one copy to the Council of Safely, at Philadelphia,
requesting them to get it translated into that language, and
when printed, to send the first 300 copies to you, the rest
io be dispersed through that and the neighbouring Slates.
Permit me, sir, to repeat my scnliments on the necessi-
ty of having the State of New- York fully represented in
Congress, which has not been the case for many months
.past ; and though Congress, in their collective capacity,
has, ultimately, the public good in view, yet such is the
depravity of human nature, that partiality will often (and
perhaps imperceptibly) inHuence the minds of individuals,
•when the interest of a particular Stale is immediately con-
cerned.
I have the pleasure to inform you that Congress has se-
riously considered your late application relative to clothing
the troops raising in your Slate, and they have promised
to exert their utmost abilities to eflfect that necessary busi-
ness. In Sepiember last, Congress requested the Legis-
latures of the several Slates to appoint in their respective
Stales a Commissary, for the purpose of purchasing all
necessary clothing, and in November the Secret Commit-
tee sent off two agents (one of them Mr. Abm. Living-
ston) with instructions to confer with those commissaries
in each State, as far eastward as New-Hampshire, to assist
in the purchasing and procuring said clothing, to make re-
turns of the quanlily and quality, both to Congress and
Genl. Washington, to be distributed to such troops as
shall be enlisted upon the new establishment, but we have
not as yet received any advice from those gentlemen.
On the 12lh of last month, when I left Philadelphia,
there was in the hands of Mr. Hayman Levy, purchased
by order of your commissary, Mr. Curtenius, shirts, stock-
ings, &c. amounting to upwards of £1 1,000, wiih orders
to send them to Mr. Van Elvendorph, at Esopus ; but such
was the confusion among the citizens of Philadelphia, in
moving their effects, that it was impossible for me to pro-
cure wagons ; I therefore obtained a press warrant from
the Council of Safety, and delivered it to the wagon-
master-general, and I have been since informed they were
met with upon the road to Minnisink, and should be glad
to know if they arrived.
I have the honour to subscribe myself, sir.
Your most obedt. humbl. servt.
FRA. LEWIS.
The Hon'ble Ab'm. Ten Broeck, Esqr.
P. S. On the 15th, Capt. Rogers arrived here in the
armed vessel Montgomery, belonging to your State, with
two prizes, viz : a brigantine and schooner, the former with
3,000 bushels sail, from Anguilla, the latter with a valuable
cargo of salted beef, pork, hams, linens, woollens, sail cloth,
cheese, shoes, spices, port in hampers, beer, peas, &c.
bound from Halifax for New-York. The salt is claimed by
a person of this town as his properly, said to be on freight.
Upon Capt. Rogers applying to me for advice, t immedi-
ately employed a proctor to file a libel and prosecute to
condemnation ; I have supplied Capt. Rogers with money
for his present exigencies, and shall be glad to receive
your instructions for the future conducting this affair. I
think it advisable to get the Montgomery out again as soon
as possible. The brigantine mounts ten carriage guns, with
ten men.
In Congress, 15ih January, 1777.
" Resolved — That the Convention of New-York be in-
formed that Congress highly approve of their spirited ex-
ertions for the defence of their own and the Stale of New-
Jersey, against the desolation and ravages of our cruel and
remorseless enemies ; and that Congress have received the
Address of said Convention to the people of that State,
containing; sentiments highly and generally interesting to
the inhabitants of these Stales, to whose serious perusal
and attention it is earnestly recommended, and that the
same be translated into the German language, and printed
at the expense of the Continent ; that Mr. Lewis be di-
rected to have said Address translated."
[Letter from Lancaster Burling and Stephen Smith, at Poughkeepsie.]
Poughkeepaie, January 17, 1777.
Gentlemen — We would not be thought troublesome,
but must beg leave to inform you that Capt. Lawrence has
refused to pay the people for their night's work on board
the ship Congress, also, he declared to Mr. Seaman that
he would not supply the men at work on said ship with
provisions, agreeable to Resolve of Convention. We are
in advance now for provisions supplied the ship Congress,
which Capt. Lawrence will not refund, and we know not
where to get it. Should be glad to know where to apply
for it, as also whether we are to sup{)ly the people employ-
ed on said ship with provisions agreeable to Resolve of
Convention. You will please to send the Resolve of Con-
vention, respecting the cutting of timber, by the first op-
portunity.
We are with great respect, gentlemen,
Your very hble. servls.
LANCASTER BURLING,
STEPHEN SEAMAN.
In Congress, February 24, 1777.
" Resolved — That the Convention of New-York be de-
sired to place as many militia on the Highlands as may be
sufficient to defend those passes against any attempt oi the
enemy during the absence of the regular troops.
" By order of Congress,
"JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt."
[Letter from John Hancock, Esq. Prest. in Congress at Baltimore.]
Baltimore, Jany. 18, 1777.
Sir, — From the enclosed resolves, which I have the
honour of transmitting, you will perceive that your favour
of the 2Sth, ullo. was duly received and laid before Con-
gress. In consequence of which, I am directed to inform
you that the Continental agents in the middle and eastern
departments are ordered immediately to furnish the com-
missary of clothing, with such clothing or materials for
making them, as may be in their possession. 'J'hese, the
Congress have empowered Genl. Washington to distribute
among the troops, in the proportion he may think proper ;
paying at the same time a particular regard to the troops
of your State. For which purpose I have this day wrote
to him, and forwarded a copy of the letter from vour
Honble. Body.
For the sense of Congress on your exertions in behalf
of the American cause, I beg leave to refer you to the en-
closed resolves,
And have the honor to be, with great respect.
Sir, your most obet. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[Letter of his Excellency John Hancock.]
In Congress, Jany. 14, 1777.
Whereas, the Continental money ought to be supported
at the full value expressed in the respective bills, by the
inhabitants of those States, for whose benefit they were is-
sued, and who stand bound to redeem the same, according
to the like value ; and the pernicious artifices of the en-
emies of American liberty to impair the credit of the said
bills, by raising the nominal value of gold and silver, or
any other species of money whatsoever ought to be guard-
ed against and prevented :
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
387
Resolved, that all bills of credit, emilled by authority of
Congress, ought to pass current in all payments, trade, and
dealings in these States, and be deenaed in value, equal to
the same nominal sum in Spanish milled dollars, and that
whosoever shall offer, ask, or receive, more in the said bills,
for any gold or silver coins, bullion, or any other species of
money whatsoever, than the nominal sum or amount thereof
in Spanish milled dollars, or more in the said bills, for any
Jands, houses, goods, or commodities whatsoever, than the
same could be purchased at, of the same person or persons
in gold or silver, or any other species oi money whatso-
ever, or shall offer to sell any goods or commodities for
gold or silver coins, or any other species of money what-
soever, and refuse to sell the same, for the said Continen-
tal bills ; every such person ought to be deemed an enemy
to the liberties of these United States, and to forfeit the
value of the money so exchanged, or house, land or com-
modity so sold, or offered to sale ; and it is recommended
to the Legislatures of the respective States to enact laws
inflicting such forfeitures, and other penalties on offenders
as aforesaid, as will prevent such pernicious practices.
That it be recommended to the Legislatures of the
United States, to pass laws to make the bills of credit is-
sued by the Congress, a lawful tender, in payment of pu-
blic and private debts, and a refusal thereof, an extinguish-
ment of such debts. That debts payable in sterling money
be discharged with Continental dollars at the rate of 45. 6d,
sterling, per dollar ; and that in discharge of all other
debts and contracts, Continental dollars pass, at the rate
fixed by the respective Slates for the value of Spanish
milled dollars.
Resolved, that it be recommended to the Legislatures
of the several United States, to pass resolutions that they
will make provision for drawing in and sinking their re-
spective quotas of the bills emitted by Congress, at the
several periods fixed, or that shall be fixed by Congress.
That it be recommended to the Legislatures of the se-
veral States, to raise by taxation, in the course of the cur-
rent year, and remit to the treasury such sums of money
as they shall think will be most proper, in the present
situation of the inhabitants ; which sums shall be carried
to their credit, and accounted for, in the settlement of their
proportion of the public expenses and debts, for which the
United States are jointly bound.
That an additional sum of two millions of dollars be
borrowed at the loan offices, on certificates of two hundred
dollars each.
That the Commissioners of the Loan Office, be directed
to receive the bills of credit heretofore emitted by the
States in which they respectively hold their offices for such
sums, as they shall be ordered by the Continental Treasu-
rer, from lime to time, to pay for Continental purposes
within such Stales respectively.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[Letter from John Barnes.]
Great Nine Partners, January 20, 1777.
Sir — The bearer, Mr. Nehemiah Oakley, a cooper has
engaged to me 200 flour bbls. by the 1st June. I flatter
myself, he will be as good as his word ; be pleased there-
fore, to exempt him (per certificate) from serving in the
militia during that time.
I am, sir, your very humb. servt.
JOHN BARNES.
To Wm. Duer, Esq.
[Letter from Wm. Seton, to Brigdadier Gen. McDougall.]
Cortland Farm, January 10, 1777.
Sir — I think it necessary to acquaint you that early yes-
terday morning, I suppose about two o'clock, twelve men
took possession of my house and committed the utmost
outrages ; they robbed and plundered me and my family
of every thing ; as near as I can guess, they took with
them, in money and goods, upwards of six hundred pounds.
They called themselves Rodgers' rangers, and brought
horses with them to carry off the plunder ; they left the
house about half an hour before day break, and by the
tracks in the snow, we find they both came from and re-
turned to the upper part of Croton river. I should have
informed you of this yesterday, but was endeavouring if
possible, to come at some knowledge of the villains ; by
the names of two of them, Mead and Garrison, who are
known about here, I am led to believe they are some of
the inhabitants of the back part of this county, who took
the advantage of the absence of our troops and militia ;
for they repeatedly threatened me with another visit and
fire and destruction to us all, if they heard I had made
any stir in finding them out, which they said they should
soon know. In short, it was the most daring robbery I
ever heard of, and I am afraid it will not be the last we
shall be subject to. This misfortune obliges me to send
immediately to Philadelphia for a supply, for they have
left me pennyless. I shall therefore be obliged to you to
grant the bearer, John McMillon, a pass to go there and
return, and if you have any commands you may rely on
his taking care of them ; he is a man I hire by the year,
and was to have set out with our militia that very morning,
but this affair obliges me to detain him, which I hope, if
he should incur blame or penally for his non-attendance,
will be thought a sufficient reason.
I am with much respect and esteem, sir.
Your very obed. huml. servt.
WM. SETON.
P. S. I should have wailed upon you myself, but the
villains have not left me a hat to put on.
General McDougall.
[Letter from Samuel Loudon.]
Post Office, Sab. evtng. Jan. 19, 1777.
Sir — The express went from hence about an hour ago,
I directed him to lodge to night at Capt. Griffith's, about
four miles off. He has letters for the several States, Con-
necticut, Rhode-Island, Massachusetts and New-Hamp-
shire. The mail was forwarded to me from the Philadel-
phia post office. If despatches are to be sent eastward,
the express rider will be found at the above mentioned
place.
I am sir, your hble. servt.
SAML. LOUDON.
John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from Lieut. Col. John Visscher.]
Poughkeepsie, January 19, 1777.
Sir — I had the misfortune to lose my parchment, on
my journey from Fishkill to Poughkeepsie; I think there
is to the amount of thirty or forty dollars in it, besides
some papers of value to me. I must beg of you to have
it advertised in Mr. Louden's paper, if the bearer, Mr.
Cooper, has not found it by the way; the parchment
wherein the money and papers were, is an old commission
of the last war, in the year one thousand seven hundred
and sixty-two, as a captain, some time in March. This
gentleman, Mr. Cooper tlie bearer, is strongly recom-
mended to me by the people in this town, for a commis-
sion ; his brother being in our service the last campaign,
as a captain, and behaved well ; I therefore recommend
him to you as an officer fit to bear a commission ; his re-
quest is' an ensigncy. My dear sir, make a strict inquiry
in regard to my money ; you will be good enough to form
the advertisement yourself. I never slopped after leaving
your place, until l arrived at this place. It seems that for-
388
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
tune has frowned upon me since I begun the world, and
does not seem to smile upon me as yet.
I am sir,
Your most obedient and humble servt.
JOHN VISSCHER, Lieut. Col
To RoBKRT Yates, Esqr. Chainnan
of the Commiltee of Arrangemeat
at Fishkill.
[Philip Cooper's letter, covering John Child's recommendalion of him,
for an office in the military department.]
Poughkeepsie, January 19, 1777.
Honoured Sir — From encouragement received from
Colo. Fisher, I am induced to apply to the committee of
arrangement for a lieutenancy in some one of the marching
regiments to be raised in this Slate. I have been in the
service of my country almost from the beginning of the
contest, as a private or warrant officer, and have still a de
sire to continue ; and humbly hope your honourable board
will grant my present request.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
PHILIP COOPER.
Sir — I know Mr. Cooper has been in the service, and
doubt not his will or ability to serve his country, in the
commission he solicits; beg leave to recommend him.
I am, your humble servant.
JOHN CHILDS.
Mr. Robert Yates, Chairman
of the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Brig. Gen. Jas. Clinton, at Fort Montgomery.]
Fort Montgomery, iSth Jany. 1777
Gentlemen — Agreeable to your order of the 16th Ja-
nuary, I have delivered Capt. Jas. Weeks one hundred and
forty-five guns, and gave him an order to receive the
arms at Fort Constitution, except some I have ordered the
armourer at that place to stock and put in order ; there are
many of the guns I send by Capt. Weeks that are use-
less until they are repaired, and as there is an armourer at
Fort Constitution, I thought it best to leave some with him
to repair. I likewise send by Capt. Weeks 122 cartouch
boxes and 90 bayonet belts, which was returned in store
by the recruits, &c. which I suppose will be also wanted.
I have given Colonel Livingston a return of the men in
garrison agreeable to your desire.
Capt. Svvartwoul's company has taken nine or ten guns
with them belonging to the public, which the captain has
promised to collect. Capt. Rosekrans's men have taken
two or three guns with them.
I am, in haste, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
To the Honourable State of New- York.
[Letter from Jona. Landon to John Jay, Esq.]
North Castle, Jany. llth, 1777.
Dear Sir — The enclosed was delivered to me this day
by Mr. WiUiams, with a desire that I would convey it to
the Convention, requesting them, if for the good of the
Slate, to use such means as is in their power to detect the
perpetrators of such villanies. Perhaps your committee
may have it in their power to do something effectual for
that purpose.
I am, dear sir, your obt. servt.
JONTH. LANDON.
John J at, Esqr.
[Letter from Wm. Barker, jr. at Brookfield.]
Brookfield, January llth, 1777.
Gentlemen of the Committee — I humbly petition to
you for my relief out of this unhappy confinement that I
have been under above five months, and dont know what
is alleged against me; but perhaps some people will pre-
sume to say that I have been a foe to my country ; but aa
God knows my heart, I never did any thing agiiinst it i»
my life, nor ever intended it ; but I must tliink it is some
envious person that hath complained against me, that lias
put me in this unhappy situation, and gemlemen I hope
you think so loo ; as to be an enemy to my country I never
intended to be ; God forbid I ever should be, and there is
no man can say 1 ever was ; but if I liave said any thing
against the cause I am soriy, and will do my endeavours to
make satisfaction, if I am able by any means ; but I dont
know that ever I did ; 1 have said that I could not take up
arms and go and fight, but I was willing to do my equal
part towards getting of men or supporting of the army,
and have done all that was ever requested of me to do ; so
gentlemen I dont think you have any room to call me a
foe to my country, although I was apprehended and con-
fined at the White Plains ; whilst I was there, 1 was in
hopes every day when you, gentlemen, would send for me
before you, for I was fully of the opinion that if I had but
have come before you, I could have satisfied you so that
you would have gave me my liberty ; but it was my un-
happy fortune not to ; but I am fully persuaded, gentlemen,
that if your honours would now send for me before you,
I could give you such satisfaction as you would think it
safe to give me my hberty, for I am willing to come under
any obhgation that you should think proper for your safety
if I cannot satisfy you that I am no foe to the cause. But
if you knew my heart as well as I know it, you gentlemen,
would not think me to be a foe ; so gentlemen, I hope you
won't punish the innocent for the guilty's sake. So gentle-
men I hope you will take my case into consideration and
lay it to your own breast, and think how hard it is to be so
far from my family, and dont know but they are all suf
fering ior want of my heinn at home, for they have no-
body to do any thing, and I think they must suffer, and I,
myself, have got a sore leg, and have had ever since I
have been here, and I am in no capacity to help it ; so
gentlemen I hope you would take my unhappy case in
your consideration, and do as you would have done unto
you, and release me from this unhappy place, and let me
come before your honours, and if I dont give you such sa-
tisfaction as you would think it safe to give me my liberty,
1 will return to the town of Brookfield again, for gentle-
men I dont intend to run away from your districtions, but
I must beg the favour of coming before your honours,
and must beg you would send a lew lines to this commit-
tee to let me come down ; this committee will let me come
if you gentlemen will but send a few lines to let them
know, and in so doing I hope you will be blest both in
the sight of God and man, and will greatly oblige your
most obedient friend.
WILLIAM BARKER. Junr.
P. S. I wrote this petition to send to the committee of
White Plains, but after I wrote it I thought it would be of
no consequence to send it to them, and I had not time to
write another, so I enclosed this and sent it to your ho-
nours, hoping you would receive it in good health, and
have a tender compassion on your humble petitioner.
WILLIAM BARKER, Junr.
[Frances Stillwell's letter to her sister, Mrs. Culver.]
Waru-ick, 24th January, J 777.
Dear Sister — I take this opportunity to inform you
that we are all here at Warwick, and enjoy a good state of
health at present, thanks be to God for il, hoping that this
may find you in health in your lonesome and unliappy sta-
tion of life that you must be in at present.
Dear sister, I long to see you,bul(Jod knows when I shall ;
but he is the one in whom we must put our trust, and hope
that he will provide a way that we may once more enjoy
the happiness that we formerly did. Your husband is up
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
389
liere with us, and is well and hearty. Mr. Cox and his
family are well, and Robert Firman. Johnny will try to
come home as quick as |,.ossible. So no more at present,
but conclude with love to you from your loving sister.
FRANCES STILLWELL.
[Letter from Corns. H. Cole, at Paughquage.]
Paughquage, 15iA January, 1777.
Mr. Livingston :
Sir — I obtained leave of the Convention to proceed and
raise a regiment of volunteers, which I make no doubt but
I shall accomplish soon, by what encouragement I have had
already since 1 left the Fishkill ; and as I was invested
with a power to enrol such officers as I thought fit, or such
as would be most likely to carry on the expedition now in
hand, and as I am fond of carrying on every thing regu-
larly, I thought fit to ask the House whether or no I had
a right to appoint a paymaster to my regiment, as well as
the regiments of the standing forces, as it is full duty
enough for one man to make out all pay rolls or ab-
stracts, and pay off every man singly. As f was indulged
last campaign with a paymaster who discharged his duty
with great carefulness, and gave a general satisfaction to
both officers and soldiers ; and as he laboured under so
great a disadvantage in drawing the money, as he had to
go two or three limes to New-York before he could draw
the first payment, and to Philadelphia before he could
draw the last payment, and was at a great expense before
he could accomplish his business, he craves the birth again,
and flatters himself that he will not be at so much cost again
as he has been at. I beg leave of the House that he may
be appointed to serve in my regiment in his old station
again, he being a very serviceable man in the cause, and
has great influence among the men in general that have
been in the service, and has encouraged a great number of
men already to engage in this regiment of volunteers.
Gentlemen, your compliance in this my request, in ap-
pointing Lt. Wm. B. Alger as a paymaster tome, will very
much oblige
Your very humbl. servt.
CORS. HUMFREY COLE.
P. S. If you please send me an answer by the bearer,
as I must know soon to prevent errors.
[Letter from Cad. Colden, at Fishkill.]
Fish Kill, Jany. 15th, 1777.
Sir — If the Honorable Convention are not at leisure to
determine on my affair now before them, I shall take it as
a favour if they will allow me to go home on my parole, to
return on the first summons, or at such time as they shall
appoint, I having been here now near six weeks. Your
obtaining this leave for me will lay me under the greatest
obligation to subscribe myself your's and the Convention's
Most humble and obliged serv't.
CADWALLADER COLDEN.
To James Livingston, Esq^.
[Letter from Cad. Colden to Jas. Livingston.]
Fish Kill, Janhj lOlh, 1777.
Sir — You informed me yesterday that the Honourable
Convention were pleased to grant my request of a hearing
before them, and that the Secretary was to show mc the
report of the committee, which I have since seen and read ;
but as it may be of service to me to have the report before
me when I am preparing my answer or defence, I shall
be glad to have a copy of it, for which I shall be ready to
pay any clerk's fees.
And am, sir.
Your most humble scrv't.
CADWALLADER COLDEN.
To James Livingston, Esq.
In Congress, July 4, 1 776.
The unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United
States of America.
When in the course of human events, it becomes neces-
sary for one people to dissolve the political bands which
have connected them with another, and to assume, among
the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to
which the laws of nature and of nature's GOD entitle
them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires
that they should declare the causes which impel them to
the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are
created equal, that they are endowed, by their Creator,
with certain unalienable rights ; that among these are life,
iberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure
these rights, governments are instituted among men, de-
riving their just powers from the consent of the governed ;
that whenever any form of government becomes destructive
of these ends, it is the right of the People to alter or to
abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foun-
dation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such
form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their
safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that
governments long established, should not be changed for
ight and transient causes ; and accordingly all experience
hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer,
while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by
abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But
when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing in-
variably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them
under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty,
to throw off such government, and to provide new guards
for their future security. Such has been the patient suf-
ferance of these Colonies ; and such is now the necessity
which constrains them to alter their former systems of
government.
The history of the present King of Great Britain is a
history of repeated injuries and usurpations ; all having in
direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over
these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a
candid world.
He has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome
and necessary for the public good.
He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of imme-
diate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their
operation till his assent should be obtained ; and when so
suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He has refused to pass other laws for the accommoda-
tion of large districts of people, unless those people would
relinquish the right of representation in the Legislature, a
right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together legislative bodies at places un-
usual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of
their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them
into compliance with his measures.
He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for
opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights
of the people.
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions,
to cause others to be elected ; whereby the legislative
powers, incapable of aimihilation, have returned to the
people at large for their exercise ; the Slate remaining, in
the mean lime, exposed to all the dangers of invasion from
without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these
Stales ; for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturali-
zation of foreigners ; refusing to pass others to encourage
their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new
appropriations of lands.
He has obstructed the administration of justice, by re-
fusing his assent to laws for oslablishing judiciary powers.
He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the
[Vol. II.]
98
390
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
tenure of their offices, and the announi and payment of
their salaries.
He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent
hither swarnns of officers to harass our people, and cat out
their substance.
He has kept annongst us, in limes of peace, standing
armies, without the consent of our Legislatures.
He has affijcted to render the military independent of
and superior to the civil power.
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdic-
tion foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by
our laws ; giving his assent to their acts of pretended
legislation.
For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us :
For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment
for any murders which they should commit on the inhabi-
tants of these States :
For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world :
For imposing taxes on us without our consent :
For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial
by jury :
For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended
offences :
For abolishing the free system of English laws in a
neighbouring Province, establishing therein an arbitrary
government, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render
It at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the
same absolute rule into these Colonies :
For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valua-
ble laws, and altering fundamentally the forms of our
governments :
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring
themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all
cases whatsoever.
He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out
of his protection, and waging war against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt
our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign
mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation,
and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty,
and perfidy, scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages,
and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow citizens, taken captive on
the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to be-
come the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to
fall themselves by their hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and
has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our fron-
tiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of
■warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes,
and conditions.
In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned
for redress in the most humble terms : our repeated peti-
tions have been answered only by repeated injurv. A
prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which
may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free
people.
Nor have we been wanting in attentions to our British
brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of
attempts by their Legislature to extend an unwarrantable
jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the cir-
cumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We
have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and
we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred
to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably in-
terrupt our connections and correspondence. They too
have been deaf to the voice of justice find of consanguinity.
We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which de-
nounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest
of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends.
We, therefore, the representatives of the UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA, in GENERAL CONGRESS
assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world
for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by
authority of the good people of these Colonies, .solemnly
publish and declare. That these United Colonies are, and
of right ought to be, FREE and INDEPENDENT
STATES ; that they are absolved from all allegiance to
the British Crown, and that all political connection between
them and the Slate of Great Britain, is, and ought to be,
totally dissolved ; and that as FREE and INDEPEN-
DENT STATES, they have full power to levy war, con-
clude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to
do all other acts and things which INDEPENDENT
STATES may of right do. And for the support of this
declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of DI-
VINE PROVIDENCE, we mutually pledge to each
other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honour,
JOHN HANCOCK.
Georgia.
Button Gwinnett,
Lyman Hall,
Geo. Walton.
North-Carolina.
Wm. Hooper,
Joseph Hewes,
John Penn.
South- Carolina.
Edward Rulledge,
Thos. Heyward, junr.
Thomas Lynch, junr.
Arthur Middleton.
Maryland.
Samuel Chase,
William Paca,
Thos. Stone,
Charles Carroll, of Carroll-
ton.
Virginia.
George Wylhe,
Richard Henry Lee,
Th : Jefferson,
Benja. Harrison,
Nhos. Nelson, jr.
Francis Lighlfoot Lee,
Carter Braxton.
Pennsylvania.
Robt. Morris,
Benjamin Rush,
Benja. Franklin,
John Morton,
Geo. Clymer,
Jas. Smith,
Geo. Taylor,
James Wilson,
Geo. Ross.
Delaware,
Caesar Rodney.
Geo. Read.
New- York.
Wm. Floyd,
Phil. Livingston,
Frans. Lewis,
Lewis Morris.
Neiv-Jersey.
Richd. Stockton,
Jno. Witherspoon,
Fras. Hopkinson,
John Hart,
Abra. Clark.
New- Hampshire.
Josiah Barllett,
Wm. Whipple.
Matthew Thornton.
Massachusetts Bay,
Saml. Adams,
John Adams.
Robt. Treat Paine,
Elbridge Gerry.
Rhode-Island and Providence, tfC,
Step. Hopkins,
WilliaVn Ellery.
Connecticut.
Roger Sherman,
Saml. Huntington,
Wm. Williams,
Oliver Wolcott.
In Congress, January 18, 1777.
Ordered, That an authenticated copy of the Declaration
of Independency, with the names of the members of Con-
gress subscribing the same, be sent to each of the United
States, and that they be desired to have the same put upon
record.
By order of Congress,
JOHN HANCOCK, President
Attest.
Chas, Thomson, Secy.
A true copy,
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[Letter from George Clinton, near Galloway.]
Near Galloway, in Smith's Clove, 5tk January, 1777.
Gentlemen — I have the pleasure of informing you of
the further success of our arms. Two days ago a detach-
ment of our army marched into Princelown, surprised the
enemy, killed 50 and look 100 of ihem, with 6 field pieces.
The enemy are retiring from Elizabelhtown and other
places, and making for Staten Island, as is supposed, where
some of them already are,
A few days ago I gave permission to three young fellows
who lived below Pyramus, and pretended to be friends
flying from the enemy, to go to Shawangunk, where they
said they had acquaintances. They prove to be impostors.
Their true business was to purchase horses for the enemy ;
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
391
they had effected it; they had purchased 13 able horses,
and were returning ; but hearing of them, Major Pawhng
detached a party of the Orange light horse, at 9 o'clock last
night to Camplown, to intercept ihem, which they did,
and we are now possessed of them. I hear of another
party who have been out on the same business, and are lo
return throught Easttown with a larger drove ; 1 shall
therefore send off a party after them this evening.
I am your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLLNTON.
P. S. You will please to excuse the incorrectness of this
scrawl ; I am so cold I can hardly write.
To the Committee of Safety of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from Benjamin Marvin.]
Fort Montgomery, Janr. 5th, 1777.
Honoured Sir — I would just inform you that vse are
stationed at this place, and Capt. Griffing is about to leave
us, and the charge of the company is to devolve on me,
which I am loth to accept of, unless I can be allowed the
pay of a captain, for I have done that duty long enough
without the pay ; and, sir, if I am not provided for, 1 be-
lieve there will be no difficulty in doing me that favour, as
it will be agreeable to Gen. Clinton and the men that are
with me ; but if I am not provided for, and they will not
grant so small a favour, I beg for a dismission from the ser-
vice, for I cannot serve in the station I now am in, consi-
dering there are many that have served under me that now
take the command of me.
Sir, these from your honour's
Most humble servant,
BENJN. MARVIN.
P. S. I should be glad if you would converse with
Capt. Griffing, for he heard Gen. Clinton's mind on the
affair;
Sir, a line from your honour will be gratefully received.
Ensign Titus would be glad to know if there is any
thing done for him, and you may know by conversing with
[Samuel Young's recommendation.]
Head Quarters, 15th Jan'y, 1777.
This is to certify that Ensign Samuel Young, late of
my regiment, is in my opinion qualified for an officer of
the navy, and that he will best serve his country in that
service.
ALEX. McDOUGALL, B. General.
To all whom it may concern.
Fort Montgomery, 4th January, 1777.
Gentlemen — The resolves of your House of the 25th
December last, came safe to hand. The first of them was
desiring me to retain as many of the men at the forts as 1
could possibly engage to the first of April next, and suffer
all those that are enlisted on the new establishment to re-
pair to their place of rendezvous, in order to their being
clothed, &.C.
The second resolve was, that Capt. Swartwout had
greatly misunderstood his enlisting orders last spring, but
that faith ought to be kept with the soldiers, and that such
of them as did not enlist during the war be discharged.
The third, that shoes ought lo be provided at the ex-
pense of tlie State for the troops that engage lo continue
till the first of April next.
In regard lo the first resolve, I complied with it as far
as laid in my power, but I am sorry lo say I could not
engage one man out of Capt. Swartwout's company, or
Capt. Rosekrans's ; they are all gone, officers as well as
soldiers. There are ihirleen of Capl. Belknap's company
gone off, nine of them I discharged, as Lieut. Hasbrook and
Lieut. Pawling, who enlisted them, declared their lime
was out. Lieut. Lee (in Capt. Rosekrans's absence) pro-
duced a list showing that their company's time was out the
first of January. Capt. Jackson's and Capt. Child's stay
yet, but I can't say contentedly. The part of three Long-
island companies, under the command of Capl. Griffin,
consisting of about ninety-four in all, officers included,
fourteen of which have deserted ; thirteen of Capt. Davis's
company, and one of Capt. Griffin's company, who came
here lately from Fort Constitution. I have suffered all the
new recruits to go to their places of rendezvous, consisting
in number of about one hundred and thirty men, except a
party I sent up lo Fort Constitution, lo keep that post,
with Lieuls. Lloyd and Dodge, ordering them lostay there
till relieved, as I understood there were but sixteen men of
the militia there, the two companies of rangers being or-
dered lo Peekskill by General Heath ; but as the men are
daily enlisting, and some deserting, I cannot suffer any
iTiore lo go without a reinforcement, as there are not now
men sufficient to keep guard and go on command after de-
serters, &c. As lo the second resolve, that Capt. Swart-
wout greatly misunderstood his recruiting orders for enlist-
ing men last spring, I am sorry to find that there are so
many officers like him ; and 1 have often wished your
Honourable House, who framed them, had made them more
intelligible, as ihere is not a word in them that they are to
enlist during the war ; but I have observed that the soldiers
have a right to take their blankets away at the end of the
campaign. If so, they have a right to go away at the end
of the campaign.
The third resolve I think is very just ; but it hardly em-
powers me to promise the soldiers shoes, as you don't say
you will provide them shoes ; but I am sure they are much
in want of them.
I hope, gentlemen, you will excuse my freedom in tell-
ing you I think the present recruiting orders are not as plain
as 1 could wish, as there is not a word in ihem how much
pay the soldiers are to have ; bull know they are promised
twenty dollars bounty, a suit of clothes yearly, and 53s.
Aid. per month, &c. ; and if they are not to have so much
the men will be deceived, and be the means of causing
mutinies, as at this time. I have ordered that the captains
or commanding officers of each company deliver in all
the arms, accoutrements, &c. belonging lo the public, of
those soldiers whose limes are out, according to enlistment,
and the new recruits, letting them know they are answera-
ble for the same. Capt. Rosekrans's company has delivered
in all its arms, but Capl. Swartwout's has not. The
captain has promised me lo collect them, as he is answera-
ble ; but if not, I will send you an account of the defi-
ciency. I wish you would send an officer lo receive ihem,
as I expect lo leave this fort in a few days, being ordered
lo join General Washington's army, and as I bought many
of the arms, I vi'ould be glad if they were safe.
Enclosed I send you a return of all the men here be-
longing to the second New-York regiment, being part of
six companies, as Rosekrans's and Swartwout's are ail
gone ; some companies entirely without officers, which
makes llie men more discontented, as they say who is to see
them paid? In my opinion there will be a great confusion
in the pay rolls, without a great deal of care ; the recruit-
ing officers will return them fiom the dales of their enlist-
ments, the other officers return ihcm in their former com-
panies, and perhaps some of ihem not included in either ;
but as the men are enlisted every day there is nothing but
confusion here, ihc recruiting officers keeping the men con-
tinually in liquor ; and when they arc enlisted ihey arc
made lo believe ihey have no more duty to do at the fort.
Therefore it is my opinion that the best way would be to
discharge the remainder of the regiment, and send a regi-
ment that is on the new establishment to relieve them.
Suppose they consisted but of two hundred men, then each
company could spare two officers and two scrgeauls to go
392
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
and recruit, and there would be no trouble here with re-
cruiting officers, as there would be none to recruit.
I am very sorry to find that Capt. Griffin, Capt. Roe
and Lieut. Marvin are not included in the new arrange-
ment, as ihcy are officers I had a good opinion of. The
rest of the Long-Island officers I am not acquainted with,
but Griffin and Roe I knew well the last war, and I believe
they always discharged their duty ; but tliink Capt. Griffin
has been much neglected, as he was the oldest captain in
my regiment last year, and now many young officers put
over him, for wliich reason he declines the service ; and I
am sure I cannot blame him, as there were two vacancies
in the regiment he belonged to, and in justice, if nothing
else can be done for him at present, he ought to draw
major's pay from the first of November last, (not so much
on account of the pay as his rank) at whicli lime Major
Schuyler's pay was slopped on account of his resigning.
All tlie regiments except ihe three Long island companies
are paid off to the first of January.
1 must likewise acquaint you of the conduct of Lieut.
Lee, who is appointed a captain in Col. Dubois's regiment.
The evening before he left this fort, he stands charged
with persuading two young boys (a drummer and fifer be-
longing to the company of the train of artillery wiio were
enlisted during the war) to desert, and sending them off in
the night time, with one of his servants, over the moun-
tains, giving them thirteen dollars to bear their expenses,
and four dollars here to a pilot who went with them. As
soon as they were missed, a parly of the train pursued
them, and overtook them at one Reynolds' (near New-
Windsor) with Lieut. Lee, who drew his sword to keep
off the train, telling them he had my orders to take the
boys with him, upon which the train answered that if he
produced the orders from the General, they had no more
to say, but would go back to the fort, upon which Lieut,
Lee let the boys go, and his own man that conveyed them
away, who are all under guard here. I am very sorry I
have to acquaint you of this, as I always took Lee to be a
good officer, and recommended him as such. He had very
good success in enlisting men, but if he be guilty of the
above charge, (as I have reason to believe he is,) I think
his behaviour is beneath the character of an officer and a
gentlemen ; for instead of giving him orders to take the
boys, I expressly forbid him to have any thing to do with
them, unless he could agree with their captain for them.
This I ordered him as I knew he had a mind for the boys.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
To the Honorable Convention, State of New- York, at Fishkill.
N. B. The clothes Capt. Rosekrans gave his receipt for
remain still in store, for the use of his recruits, for which
he will be answerable.
[Letter to the Committee in Springfield, Massachusetts, covering a
Resolve in relation to John Bloomer.]
In Committee of Safety, ^
For the State of New- York, >
Fishkill, January 4, 1777. )
Resolved, That the 'committee of Springfield, in the
State of Massachusetts Bay, be requested to send to the
Convention or Committee of Safety of this State, at this
place, under a guard of one man, John Bloomer, (who is
now confined at Springfield aforesaid as being inimical to
the American cause) together with such charges as may be
lodged with them or the keeper of their jail against him,
and that this committee or the Convention of this Slate will
provide for the payment of such expenses as may attend
their compliance with this request.
(Extract from the Minutes.)
ROBT. BENSON, Seay.
Fishkill, January 4, 1777.
Gentlemen — I am directed by the Committee of Safe-
ty, of the State of New-York, to transmit you the enclo-
sed resolution.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt,
ROBT. BENSON, Secr'y.
To the Chairman and Members of
the Committee of Springfield,
Stale of Massachusetts Bay.
[Letter from Captain Schenck, at Fort CoDstitution.]
Fort Constitution, January 4, )
Jit half after one in the morning. J
De.^r Sir — This moment arrived an express from M.
G. Heath, at Peekskill, with a Idler directed to the com-
manding officer at Fort Constitution ; upon the receipt of
the same, I took the liberty to open it, and the general or-
ders upon the receipt thereof, that Capt. Baldwin's and
Bradt's companies of rangers are to move to Peekskill,
and not a moment of time is to be lost. I thought it my
incumbent duly to forward the bearer hereof imuicdiatcly
with a line to notify you thereof, as you know how our
situation will be if the rangers leave this post ; perhaps
we may have a relief sent immediately from our county, by
your application. From, sir.
Your very humble servt.
ABM. iSCHENCK, Capt.
To Col. Ja8. Swabtwout.
[Letter from John Nicoll, dated at New Windsor.]
New Windsor, January 4, 1777.
Dear Brother — It gives your family great pleasure to
hear that you are living and returned to the shores of your
native country, but great anxiety lest you should have re-
turned in any character that would prevent them a visit.
We are of opinion that you could on application have
obtained leave to come to Windsor, and earnestly desire
(as there is some properly due to you) that you would
come in person, converse with your brothers, and give
directions concerning it. Your brothers and sisters are in
health, and join me in love to you, and am.
Your most loving and affectionate brother,
JOHN NICOLL.
To Capt. Wm. Nicoll.
[Ensign Benjamin Titus recommended for a 2d Lieutenantcy.]
January 4, 1777.
We, the subscribers, being called to give the character
of Ensign Benjn. Titus, think we cannot but say, that ever
since our acquaintance with him, which is the whole of the
last campaign, that his conduct hath been with candor, and
that he hath behaved himself with prudence and wisdom,
much becoming a gentleman and an officer, to that de-
gree that he hath gained the good will both of officers and
men.
DANIEL GRIFFING, Capt.
JOHN DAVISS, Capt.
DANIEL ROE, Capt.
BENJN. MARVIN, Lieut.
SILVANUS CONKLING, Lieut.
[Gen. Clinton's letter, relative to the arrest of two Tories.]
Fort Montgomery, January 3, 1777.
Gentlemen — Enclosed 1 send you a letter I received
from Major Johnson, with papers enclosed in it, which
was taken from Isaac Waagh and Alcxr. Carscadden, both
inhabitants of Ulster county, who were taken prisoners in
the Jerseys, or lower part of Orange county, and sent to
this fort, where they were confined in irons, nolhwithstand-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
393
ln^, by the neglect of a sentry, Carscadden made his es-
cape with his irons on, and took the sentry's gun with him ;
the sei.lry has been confined since, but as he is enlisted in
the new arran<Tement and but a young lad, I send him with
his officer to Fishkill.
I need not make any apology for this neglect in the sen-
try, or any other irregularities commilted here ; for since
the new arrangement was made, and the officers began to
recruit, it was not in my power to keep strict discipline,
(the men often drunk and made so by the officers.) I send
by Ensign Lewis the other prisoner, who acknowledges he
was enlisted with Capt. Campbell, who is in New-York,
from Dutchess county. Being in haste, I will write you
more particularly by Capt. Griffin.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JAMES CLINTON, B. Genl.
To the Hon'ble Convention of the
State of New- York.
In Committee of Safety i
For the State of New-York, >
Fishkill, January 22, 1777. )
Several matters of the utmost importance to this State,
requiring immediate despatch, being now before this com-
mittee, for the determination whereof, they are utterly
inadequate,
Resolved therefore. That there be an immediate call of
the Convention, and that the chairman give notice thereof
to the absent members punctually to attend at Fishkill, on
the 3d day of February ne.xt.
Extract from the Minutes.
ROBERT BENSON, SecWy.
[Letter from Ezra Thompson relative to smelling lead ore.]
Nine Partners, January 8, 1777.
Sir — According to your desire, I have been to the man
I told you of, to see if he could separate the lead ore that
I have in my care ; and he told me that he has nobody to
take care of his family but himself, and it is difficult for
him to leave his business, and he thinks it cannot be done
without building a furnace for that business, and the bel-
lows must be larger than a common blacksmith's bellows.
Sir, with respect, I remain,
Y^our very humble servt.
EZRA THOMPSON.
P. S. Sir — If it should suit to settle my account at this
time, you can send the money by the bearer hereof.
To William Harper, Esq.
[Letter Irom John Hancock, Esq. President of Continental Congress
at Baltimore.]
Baltimore, January 10, 1777.
Gentlemen — The necessity of filling up the army with
the utmost expedition, has induced Congress to direct me
to request that you will, as soon as possible, inform them
what success the recruiting service has met with in your
Slate towards raising the troops required by a resolve of
the 16lh of September, which was formerly transmitted to
you. 1 am therefore most earnestly to entreat your com-
pliance with iheir resolve as speedily as possible.
I have the honour to be.
Your most obedt. very hblc. servt.
•lOlIN HANCOCK, Prest.
To the Honourable the Assembly of
the Slate of New-York.
In Committee of Safety, "i
For the State of New-York, >
Fishkill, Jan. 2\, 1777. )
Whereas it is the indispensable duty of this Convention
to leave no means unessaycd, to provide for the comfortable
clothing and accommodation of the troops raised in "this
[Vol. JI.J 99
Slate, and who in this inclement reason are risqueing their
lives in defence of the liberties of their country :
And whereas, ihe benevolent principles which should
ever distinguish a people determined to be free, loudly call
on the inhabitants of ihis State, who remain in tranquillity
at home, to afford all the supplies in their power to their
brethren in the field :
Resolved, That application be made to every householder
in the counties of Dutchess, Westchester, Orange, Ulster,
Albany, Tryon, Charlotte, Gloucester and Cumberland,
immediately to furnish for the use of the said troops, as
many pair of men's yarn stockings, and as many blankets
as they can possibly spare ; and that they be paid the value
according to their quality, but not to exceed twelve shillings
for each pair of stockings, and forty-eight shillings for every
blanket.
Resolved, That the county committees in each of the said
counties, do forthwith appoint proper collectors in each of
the districts of their respective counties to execute the
above resolution ; and that such collectors be paid for their
trouble, at ihe rale of sixpence for every pair of stockings,
and one shilling for every blanket they shall respectively
collect as aforesaid.
Resolved, That the collectors to be appointed as afore-
said, do without delay send the stockings and blankets they
shall respectively collect to the chairman of the committee
of their respective counties, and that the said chairman do
immediately on receipt thereof, send the same to the store
of John Tayler, Esq. at Albany, or to the clothing store at
this place, as shall be most convenient.
Resolved, That the committees of the counties aforesaid
have power to draw on the President of the Convention
for such sums as may be necessary for the purposes afore-
said, and for defraying the carriage or transportation.
Resolved, That the said county committees return to
this Convention regular accounts of their proceedings in
the execution of the above resolutions,
E.xtract from the minutes.
JOHN McKESSON, Sec'ry.
[Letter from Eben Huntington, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, Jany. 2d, 1777.
Dear Sir — Some time since a Capt. Ford, belonging
to the army, was arrested on complaint of Miss Pugsley,
for plundering herself and others the inhabitants of this
State ; it being a common practice to take the swords from
officers arrested, I look Capt. Ford's from him ; and as he is
now delivered up to the civil authority of this State, Genl.
Healh thinks proper that his sword should be sent to your
care, which I have done per Mr. Hopkins.
I am, with respect.
Your very humble servant,
EBEN HUNTINGTON, D. A. Genl.
Gen. Ten Broeck.
[Letter from Colo. Van Schaick, recommending several persons as
officers.]
A list of the officers in the first battalion who have declined
the sercice :
Lieuts. — John Lansingh, jun. John Ostrander.
Ensigns — John Verncr, John I. Ten Eyck, Abraham
G. Lansingh, Peter Schuyler, Peter Hogaboom, no an-
swer received.
Lieut. Leonard Bleecker, in the Southern army, not
sent in his answer.
List of persons recommended to fill the foregoing vacan-
cies :
In the room of Jno, Lansing, jun. and Jno. Ostrander,
Nalhl. Henry and Guy Young, for Liculs.
In the room of Jno. Verncr, Jno. 1. Ten Eyck, Abni.
G. Lansing, Peter Schuyler, and Peter Hogaboom, (no
answer,) Jonathan Brown, Bennet, Tlios. Hicks, and
Jacob Ja. Klock, for Ensigns.
G. V. SCHAICK.
394 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
[Letter from John Schenk jun. at Poughkeepsie.]
Poughkecjisie, January 1st, 1777.
Sir — The bearer, Mr. Patrick, is the person who has
made the trucks and shot, agreeable to my direction, by
your order. He will bring in his account, with the prices
affixed, which he says are according to agreement ; which
is to be at the same price the Honourable the Continental
Congress gives for such articles.
You will be pleased to deduct out of his account £14
18s. Id. for iron which he has credit, and £197 9s. 4d. in
cash, which I paid him out of the money I received of
Convention. The remainder of the money I received, I
have laid out in shingles, lime, and other articles; the
account of which I shall bring in a few days to settle.
I am, with respect,
Your most huml. servant,
JOHN SCHENK Jun.
The Honourable the Convention
of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler, at Albany.]
.Albany, February 1st, 1777.
Sir — Yesterday Mr. Kirkland, the Indian missionary in
the service of the United Slates, with nine Indians, arrived
from Oneida and Fort Schuyler. Convention will perceive
by the enclosed, which is a copy of a paper he delivered
me, that it corroborates the intelligence I have heretofore
received, that the enemy intend to attack Tyconderoga as
soon as they shall be able to cross Lake Champlain on the
ice. If they do, I have not the least hope that we shall
be able to keep it, as the gariison now is already very
weak, and on the 15th inst. will be still more weakened by
being quilted by the remainder of the Pennsylvania, Con-
necticut and New-Jersey troops ; after which there will
be under seven hundred militia from the Massachusetts
Bay only left.
I have ihis day sent express to Connecticut, Massachu-
setts and New-Hampshire for assistance, and entreat that
this State will afford me all they can, with all expedition.
I wish to have all the men of all the regiments in this
State immediately sent up, armed, as we have no arras in
this quarter fit for immediate use.
If Tyconderoga falls into the enemy's hands, I do not
see what is to prevent them from coming down to this
place ; and I need not dwell on what the consequences
would be, if they did.
It is a duty I owe myself to observe to Convention, that
early in November I communicated to Congress my ap-
prehension that the enemy would attempt a coup de main,
and that I feared we should not have a sufficient garrison ;
and soon after that, I advised the eastern States of the
same, which I have already twice repeated, but have not
been honored with a single line in answer to my applica-
tion, except from Governor Trumbull.
Neither the deputy quartermaster-general nor the deputy
commissary-general can procure the articles that are indis-
pensably necessary for the supplies of the army, because
of a set of monopolizers. Permit me, therefore, to remind
Convention of the necessity of investing them with the
power I mentioned in my last.
I am, sir. very respectfully.
Your most obedt. hble. servant,
PH: SCHUYLER.
The Honble. President of the
Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Jacob Morris, accepting the office of major.]
Trenton Head-Quarters, January 1st, 1777.
Dear Sir — This day I received a letter from my father,
in which he informs me that the Convention of the State
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, <fec.
of New-York had done me the honour to appoint me to a
majority in the regiment to be commanded by Colo. Du-
boys. He requested that 1 would immediately inform you
whether I would accept of it or not.
I am proud of the appointment, and shall take it with
pleasure.
I am, sir,
Your very humble sert.
JACOB MORRIS.
William Duer, Esqr.
[Letter from Geo. Measam, commissary of clothing, covering resolves
relative thereto.]
Ticonderoga, December 15th, 1776.
Sir — The Congress having done me the honor of ap-
pointing me commissary of clothing for the northern army,
it is therefore my duty to send, for your government, a re-
turn of clothing wanting for the troops in this department.
But as I have not the detail of the troops each State will
furnish for this department in the spring, I cannot furnish
you with a particular return of the clotliing wanting from
your State ; nor have I yet been able to complete the regu-
lation of this office, and clothe the troops wintering iiere,
so as to return to Albany to make a general return for all
the northern department. Therefore, fearing such delay
should be injurious to the public service, I send you the
enclosed return for this particular post, that your govern-
ment may have time to provide the clothing for their troops,
to be ordered to the northern department, and regulate the
same with regard to numbers, agreeably to the inclosed
return.
I beg leave to transmit, for your government, also a copy
of the resolve of Congress relative to the establishment of
this office.
I have the honour to be, with all regard,
Sir, your's and the public's
Most obedient and faithful servant.
October 9th, 1776.
Resolved, That a commissary of clothing be appointed
to each of the armies of the United States, whose duty
shall be to make constant returns to the Assemblies or
Conventions of the respective States, of the clothing wanted
for their several regiments ; to receive and pay for the
same ; to deliver it to the paymaster of the several regi-
ments ; to be by them distributed to the non-commission
officers and soldiers, and deducted from their wages re-
spectively, unless allowed as a bounty, by order of Con-
gress.
October 16th, 1776.
Resolved, That George Measam Esqr. be commissary
of clothing for the northern army.
That the Commander-in-Chief be empowered to appoint
as many assistants to the commissary of clothing as he
shall from time to time judge necessary, and report their
names to Congress.
That the Commander-in-Chief of the northern depart-
ment appoint suitable persons to appraise, on oath, and de-
liver to the said commissary all the articles of clothing
there belonging to the United States, and transmit his re-
ceipt, with the appraisement, to the treasury office in Phi-
ladelphia.
Commissary of Clothing's Office, >
Albany, 25th January, 1777. ^
Sir — The foregoing is a copy of my former letter from
Ticonderoga, and return of clothing sent therewith for this
department. Since my arrival here I laid them before
General Schuyler, who informed me he has nothing more
to add thereto ; but says he knows not what troops will be
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
395
ordered to this department. Therefore I cannot further
particularize the return, of which the enclosed is a copy.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedient and humble servant,
GEO. MEASAM.
Honourable the President of the Convention
of the Stale of New- York.
[Call of the Convention.]
In Committee of Safety,
For the State of New- York, >
Fishkill, Jan. 22, 1777. )
Several matters of the utmost importance to this State,
requiring immediate despatch, being now before this Com-
mittee, for the determination whereof they are utterly in-
adequate,
Resolved, therefore, That ihere be an immediate call of
the Convention, and that the chairman give notice thereof
to the absent members punctually to attend at Fishkill, on
the 3d day of February next.
Extract from the minutes.
ROBERT BENSON, Secry.
[Letter from Jacob Lansing, Junior.]
Albany Committee Chamber, ?
dth January, 1777. S
Sir — It is with much concern this committee have ob-
served a tendency in the conduct of many in this county,
(and we hear it is the same in the other counties,) to de-
preciate the paper currency. To enumerate the many
causes which alarm our apprehensions might be rather
tedious, especially as we presume you are not ignorant of
it. We shall mention however that great part of the trade
is in the hands of disaffected persons, who use every means
they dare to that end, in which they are assisted by ignorant
and timid whigs. We beg therefore that some expedient
may be devised by the Convention to prevent so great an
evil as soon as possible. We would beg leave to suggest
that if Major Van Rensselaer, who the committee are in-
formed is appointed a loan officer, was to repair to this place
to enter upon the duties of his office, it would in some
measure prevent this calamity. But above all, if either
Colonel Robert Livingston, John Van Rensselaer, Jacob
C. Ten Eyck or Harmen Gansevoort, Esqrs. could be joint-
ly or any one of them appointed, it would be of great service,
(we are aware that the security to the possessor of the notes
would be the same) as they are men of great estates.
An objection arises to the superseding Major Van Rens-
selaer, which might be looked upon by him as an affront ;
this will be obviated when we can inform you that he is
perfectly indifferent about it, as he lives in the country,
and it is conceived it would be necessary for him to re-
move to this city. If any objection should arise that as
the above gentlemen live chiefly in the country, that they
cannot move to this city to attend tliat business, could not
this obstacle be removed by empowering them to appoint
a clerk to transact the business except in signing the notes?
We are sir, your most humble servls.
By order,
JACOB LANSING, Junr.
Chairman, p. t.
To the President of the Convention
of the Slate of New-York.
[Letter from John Sloss Hobart.]
Peekskill, January 9th, 1777.
Dear sir — I have just taken up this letter which I en-
close to you, being assured that you will endeavour to for-
ward it to some office from whence it may go safely to the
worthy good man.
I congratulate you upon the happy turn our affairs have
taken, and I hope in God that the panic into which our
enemies have fallen, may continue till the Continent is
cleared of them. Every measure is taken at this post to
cooperate with the grand army and to keep the enemy ia
perpetual fear. By the best accounts, our talking of a se-
cret expedition has frightened them much. I hope the actual
expedition, which will be fonnidable, will complete the
fright. Should any thing of consequence turn up in the
Senate and you can find leisure to narrate it, you will afford
great pleasure by writing to your
Most affect, servt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
General Orders.
North Castle, January 8th, 1777.
Let the several colonels and other commanding officers
of the different detachments of the New-York militia now
assembled at this place make immediate returns to Rrigr.
Genl. Scott, of the state of their different and respective
corps, both as to men, arms, &c. and hold themselves ready
for marching ; and for that purpose, let the troops imme-
diately go to cooking for a three days' march. Let all the
parties who go out to impress carriages be careful to supply
each carriage with a pitchfork and as many bags as possi-
ble, and the carriages are to be furnished with shelvings.
As the militia, as well of this State as the Stale of Con-
necticut are coming in, in small parties without provisions,
their respective commanding officers are to make returns
not only to the General, but to the acting Commissary in
this quarter, and draw provisions conformable to such re-
turns.
North Castle, January 9th, 1777.
Colo. Duboys', Colo. Graham's, Colo. Sutherland's and
Colo. Brinkerhoflf's regiments are to hold themselves ready
for marching from this place to-morrow A. M. 7 o'clock ;
they are therefore to provide themselves from the commis-
sary's store with four days' provisions, which they are to
cook previous to the time of march.
The colonels are to see that their men immediately re-
pair to the church, to the end that they may be furnished
with ammunition to 24 rounds per man, and particular care
must be taken that the cartridges fit their guns.
The General having been informed that several officers,
as well as soldiers, have absented themselves from camp
without leave, positively orders that no officer nor soldier
presume to leave camp without his permission ; and reminds
them that during their service they are equally subject to
the articles of war with the Continental troops.
The colonels are forthwith to make report to Majr. Fish
of the number of teams necessary for the removal of the
baggage of their corps.
Capt. Joseph Reynolds' company is for the present to
be annexed to the regiment commanded by Colo. Duboys,
and is to consider him as his colonel, and obey his orders
accordingly.
The guard at the school house, consisting of one subal-
tern, two sergeants, two corporals and twenty-four privates,
is to be relieved by the same number from Colo. Luding-
ton's regiment as early as possible this night.
North Castle, January 10th, 1777.
This day issued orders to Colo. Graham to proceed with
his regiment and the other three, under marching orders,
to wit : Colo. Sutherland's, Colo. Brinkerhoff's, and the
regiment coitimanded by Colo. Duboys, to Mr. Reuben
Wright's mills, and gave him instructions how to dispose
of them.
[Letter from Brigadier-General John Morin Scolt.]
North Castle, January lllh, 1777.
Sir — Having this moment received information that
Rogers, with about nine hundred of the enemy, are now
plundering at and about New-Rochollc, and I suppose car-
396
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
tying off the forage which will be so necessary to us in
liie next campaign ; you are therefore requested to march
your regiment without delay through King-street to the
fcjawpils, and give the above information to Brigadier-Ge-
neral Parsons, whose orders you are to follow.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT,
Brigadier-Gen.
[Letter from Abraham Ten Broeckfo Robert Yates.]
Mbany, 13th January, 1777.
Sir — In consequence of a resolution of the committee
of Convention for detecting conspiracies, &;c. sent to the
committee of this city and county, Mr. Henry Cuyler last
week signed the parole offered him, and was ordered to
proceed on his journey for Boston in five days ; last Sa-
turday he again called on the sub-committee and represented
to them the distressed situation of his family, expecting his
wife to lay in every hour ; ihrce or four small children, the
oldest not able to help himself, &c. Tlie sub-committee,
from these considerations have prolonged the time of his
departure until to-morrow a week, on which day the ge-
neral committee meets. The enclosed letter he begged me
to enclose to a friend, to be laid before the Convention ;
this you will be pleased to do, and if the Convention should
deign to give him an answer, he desires it may be sent
under cover to me as soon as possible.
I am, sir, your most humble servt.
ABM. TEN BROECK.
To RoDERT Yates, Esar.
[Letter from John Haring, Esqr. requesting the petition of Lawrence
Smith may be granted.]
Orange Town, January 5lh, 1777.
Sir — In behalf of Mr. Lawrence Smith, I request the
favor of you to present the enclosed petition to the Con-
vention. If the permit therein prayed for be obtained, you
will send it to me under cover. There is no danger that
he, Mr. Smith, will take up arms against us, for he is pro-
digious timorous, not to say cowardly.
t am, sir, youi very humble servt.
JOHN HARING.
To Henry Wisneb, Esqr.
[Letter from Genl. Scott, at North Castle.]
Norlh Castle, January 8th, 1777.
Sir — I am here pressing for returns of the men and arms
that I may immediately march forward to the lower parts
of the county as was concerted between General Parsons
and myself at Peekskill. I take this opportunity of re-
minding Colonel Duer to send forward the supply of arms
received without the loss of a moment.
The principal design of this letter is to recommend Doctor
Miller, the bearer hereof, who probably will be the only
surgeon attending us, for a necessary supply of medicines,
and that he may be despatched without the least delay.
I think the Doctor's brother will be necessary as an assis-
tant.
I am, sir, your most obedt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
To the Hon. Chairman of the
Committee of Safety of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from the Claverack Committee, relative to Colonel John Van
Alen.]
In Committee, Claverack District, )
March 23d, 1777. 5
Gentn. — Enclosed we send you copies of evidence
taken before this board, relative to the behaviour of Colo.
John Van Alen. You will find by the resolution subjoined
to the same, that the consideration of the matter is submit-
ted to the determination of Convention. We have cited
Colo. Van Alen to appear before you for that put pose.
The affair of Colo. Van Alen has for some time excited the
attention of many ; we could wish we had no occasion to
trouble you herewith.
We are, gentn.
Your most obedient hble. servts.
By order of committee.
LAURANCE FONDA, Chn. P. T.
To Abm. Ten Broeck, President
of Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Israel Honeywell jr. relative to the depredations and be-
haviour of the lories.]
Philipse's Manor, ZHth March, 1777.
The situation of affairs in our county is truly deplorable ;
we have daily accounts of cattle being stole and drove
downwards to support our cruel, merciless and inveterate
enemies, by our more than savage neighbours, the tories ;
who have of late become so insulting as to hiss at men
passing, and several have been fired at in the road.
Isaac Oakley at the Plains, has been robbed of .36 head
of cattle the night before last : a number of Continental
oxen, ox chains, &c. have been taken off. Last night a
number of our guard went down below to Peter Van Tas-
sel, consisting of Capt. Dean and nineteen privates, and
about 4 o'clock this morning were alarmed : a number of
regulars and tories had come to Mr. Acker's, and were
driving off all his stock ; upon which a small skirmish en-
sued on their march to Mr. Van Tassell's, in which our
men beat them off, and saved the cattle.
You have undoubtedly heard of Judge Thomas and Mr.
Miller being taken prisoners and carried down ; and we
have various accounts from below of the enemy's design
of coming up to fetch a number more of our most active
men.
We are at present under very precarious circumstances,
having no troops but a few raised in this county ; you will
therefore see the necessity, if we mean to protect our
friends, that we should be assisted with a number of troops,
and that with the utmost despatch.
I am, gentlemen.
Your very humble servt.
ISRAEL HONEYWELL, Junr.
P. S. The tories are daily going down in droves ; 31
went at one time.
N. B. The loss we have sustained for the week past,
amounts at least to one thousand pounds per day.
To the Convention of the State of New. York.
[Letter from Francis Lewis relative to the sale of the prizes taken by
the armed sloop Montgomery.]
Baltimore, \2lh March, 1777.
Gentlemen — I wrote you the 16th, 31st January, and
18th February, addressed to the President, since which I
have been honoured with his of the 13th February, direct-
ing several articles to be purchased out of the Montgome-
ry's prizes, for the use of the State, which it was not in
my power to execute for the following reasons, vizt. Upon
an application of Congress, setting forth that as several hun-
dred recruits for the new battalions were daily coming into
this town from the States of Virginia and Maryland, in
order to reinforce Genl. Washington's army, and these be-
ing destitute of proper clothing, &c. it would be absolutely
necessary that the several articles captured by the Mont-
gomery, and suitable for the soldiery, should be applied
here ; and requested my assent, which I peremptorily re-
fused. The next day it was moved in Congress that an
order should issue appointing four persons to appraise all
the woollens, linens, &c. suitable for the soldiery^ captured
by the Montgomery armed vessel. Upon the motion be-
ing read, I objected to the proceeding as partial, and gave
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
397
the following reasons : that as the property was, on con-
demnation, vested in the State of New-York, together
with the captain and crew of the Montgomery, and that
the latter insisted on having their properly disposed of in
the customary manner at public vendue ; and urged the
evil that might attend such a precedent, especially as I
had directions from your Convention to purchase those ar-
ticles, and forward them to you for the clothing your troops,
when they(the Congress) well knew, that the State of New-
York, in its present circumstances, had no port open through
which they could introduce any supplies. But, maugre all
my objeclions, the question was put, and carried nemine
con. for the motion, and four gentlemen of this town ap-
pointed appraisers. The members of Congress having
left this a few days afterwards, by adjournment to Phila-
delphia, the appraisers when met, declared themselves ina-
dequate to the appointment, being totally unacquainted with
the value of those goods ; which, together with the captain
and crew's opposition to that mode, produced an agree-
ment between the parties, that all should be sold at auction,
except the woollens and coarse linens, which the Congress
was to take at the rates of a dollar currency for what cost
one shilling sterling, for the woollens, and As. 6d. per yard
for the coarse linens ; the rest of the cargo that sold at
vendue, I compute upon an average, went off at about one
thousand per cent : as a specimen, yard wide Irish linen,
that cost 2s. 8d. per yard sterling, sold for 24s. currency
per yard; a dollar is 7s. 6d. Cordage sold at £14 5s,
per cwt.
I forgot to mention that in answer to my arguments
against tlie motion. Congress availed themselves of a letter
from General Washington, advising them that the Conven-
tion at Fishkill had there stopped (as I think) thirty-six
wagons laden with clothing for the army immediately un-
der his command. He says, " indeed I cannot blame them,
knowing their distressed situation." However, of this a
handle was made to obviate my objections.
The sale of the schooner's cargo is now completed. In
short, such was the exorbitant prices which these goods
sold at, that I was deterred from making a considerable
purchase. Add to this the difficulty of procuring convey-
ances, which are all employed in transporting the Con-
gress's stores, the members' baggage, together with that of
the new battalions on their march to Head-Quarters, I have
only bought a few casks of barley, some coils of cordage,
and the four x cut saws, thinking they might be of service
with Genl. Schuyler at Albany ; and these perhaps I may
be obliged to leave behind for the public, for want of con-
veyance.
The trial of the brigantine laden with salt, is to come on
on Tuesday the 18th inst. ; I believe she will be acquitted
by the Admiralty court, being claimed by an inhabitant of
this town ; if so, Capt. Rogers intends appealing to Con-
gress, as it appears by the register and papers found on
board, that she was owned in Ireland, and bound to N ,
which the claimants pretend was only for a cover.
Capt. Rogers has his sloop almost ready for the sea,
and intends sailing as soon as the brigantine's trial is over,
but informs me that himself and crew are entitled to a
moiety of all captures : upon my asking him for his arti-
cles, he told me that his agreement was verbal, i. e. to be
upon the same fooling with armed vessels fitted out by the
Congress, which were originally one-third for the captors ;
but that previous to his taking these two last prizes. Con-
gress had extended it to one-half. As this is contrary to
the tenor of your last letter, I shall cause the distribution
of the prize money to be deferred, until 1 receive your
further instructions on this head.
Our State being still unrepresented in Congress, it was
thought necessary I should remain here a few days longer
to transact some business in the marine department. In
that lime I shall get the sales of the prizes, &c. completed,
and set off for Philadelphia ; from thence transmit you the
accounts. Please to furnish me with your directions in
[Vol. II.] 100
the disposal of the nett proceeds ; and permit me again to
remind you of having our State represented in Congress ;
it has suffered by the omission.
I am respectfully, gentln.
Your very humbl. servt.
F. LEWIS.
To the Honble. the Convention
for the State of New- York.
In Congress, March 25, 1777.
A letter of the 18ih March, 1777, from the C onvention
of New- York, was read, recommending the propriety of
appointing a commandant of the forts m the highlands ;
whereupon,
Resolved, That a commandant be appointed with the
rank of brigadier general.
The ballots being taken, George Clinton, Esqr. was
elected.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
[A letter from John Hancock, Esqr. covering proceedings of Congress.]
Philadelphia, March 26, 1777.
Sir — The enclosed copy of the proceedings of Con-
gress will inform you that your favour of the 18th inst.
was duly received and laid before them.
1 have the pleasure to acquaint you, that the Congress
concurring in opinion with you, as to the necessity of ap-
pointing a commandant for the fortresses on the Highlands,
and highly approving of the gentleman recommended for
that purpose by your body, immediately promoted him to
the rank of a brigadier-general.
The enclosed letter to him, covering his commission, I
am to request you will take the trouble of delivering, I
have the honour to be, with the greatest respect, sir.
Your most obed. and very hble, servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Honble. Abr. Ten Bhoeck, Esqr.
[Letter from John Henry.]
Fishkills, March 21, 1777.
Dear Sir — I should have advised you of the receipt of
the last 2,000 dollars sent me pr, Lieut. Britt, ere this ;
but opportunity did not serve until this inst. the amount
of which I have passed to the credit of this Slate.
1 am still remaining ignorant what the bounty given
to our soldiers may consist of; as there has latterly been
some dispute between me and the officers, about this mat-
ter, would humbly request that a copy of the different arti-
cles given as a bounty, might be sent me in order to pre-
vent fuiure mistakes ; please to inform me if there are any
perquisites, arising from the sale of casks, boxes, or bales,
that may at any time be sent to this clothing store, with
goods to any assistant, otherwise than under my direction ;
as I am determined that nothing of that sort, shall be ap-
propriated to any other use than that of the public, until
I receive orilcrs to the contrary. Bounty jackets are be-
come very scarce with me, as also materials to make them,
which are much wanted at this time, by our new recruits.
I sliould be glad to know where to obtain any for the use
of the State. I hope the clothing committee will give me
some speed}' assistance in this important affair.
I am, with sincerity,
Your most obeclt. humble servt.
JOHN HENRY.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Es((r.
[Letter from Gen. Wnsliington.]
HEAn-QuARTERS, )
Morristoirn, March 20, 1777. 5
Sir — I am this day favoured with your letter of lUih
inst. enclosing ihe examination of sundry persons lately in
398 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
New-York, for which I am much obhgcd to you ; as every
inieUigence of this kind, serves to cast light upon the true
situation of affairs.
I am, with great respect, sir,
Your most obedient servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
[Letter from Messrs. Benson, Swartwout and Smith, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, March 19th, 1777.
Sir — From information we have great reason to beheve
that many persons, objects of the late resohilion of Con-
vention will refuse to take the oath of allegiance, and in-
tend going to the enemy, and that tiiey are making prepa-
rations accordingly.
By tlie terms of the resolution they are to be permitted
to take with ihem their apparel and furniture. We could
wish they were restricted to such only as is necessary, and
leave us to determine that from the particular circuinslan-
ces of each person, and that we might be favoured with a
resolution, authorizing us to that purpose.
The obstinate and inveterate spirit indicated by such a
conduct, we conceive has precluded these people from all
indulgence, and numbers of them have clothing and bed-
ding more than is requisite for their immediate use, and
much wanted in the present exigencies of the country ;
and we cannot help expressing our own doubts, (though
with the utmost deference) respecting the policy of suffering
ihem, or any others to go and join the enemy. We, not-
withstanding, readily submit to this with every other mea-
sure to the wisdom of Convention, and they may be as-
sured of our utmost exertion to execute the resolution as
it now stands.
We remain most respectfully,
Your very humble servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT,
MELANCTON SMITH.
Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq.
[Draft of a letter to Col. Van Cortlandt.]
Kingston, March 18th, 1777.
Sir — The committee of arrangements have had in con-
sideration the appointment of a Major to your regiment, in
the room of Major Goforth. It is probable that the choice
may fall on Major Nichs. Fish ; but previous to the con-
clusion of this appointment, we would be glad to know
whether it would occassion any just cause of offence to
any of your officers, which you will be pleased to signify
to the committee by the return of this express. I need
not remind you that in so delicate an affair secrecy is ne-
cessary.
R.YATES, Chn.
P. S. Lieut. Bleecker says that Lieut. Norton is ranked
above him improperly.
[Letter from the Albany Committee.]
Albany Committee Chamber, ?
mh March, 1777. ]
Gent. — From the prevailing reports circulating among
us, of the removal of the British troops from New-Jer-
sey ; we are apprehensive their designs may be intended
to penetrate into this State, up Hudson's river. We have
in consequence of said reports, thought it advisable to en-
gage as many of our sloops as will be necessary to ob-
struct the channel at or near the Groot Imbought, to pre-
vent the approach of armed vessels coming up in this
county. In order to carry on this salutary measure for the
preservation of this State, we shall engage the sloops con-
ditionally to remain at the said place until wanted for the
above purpose, at a certain rate per day ; and in case it
should be absolutely necessary to carry the same into exe-
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
culion, that then the first agreement of hire shall cease,
and the appraised value shall be paid for said sloops ; we
lay this matter before you as judging it of the utmost con-
sequence, for should this part of the country be penetrat-
ed by the enemy, the northern garrisons will be reduced to
the utmost distress, as no stores and provisions can con-
veniently be conveyed to those forts but by way of Al-
bany.
On the above matters we earnestly request your speedy
advice and directions ; in the mean time we have appoint-
ed proper persons to examnie and sound the river at or near
the above mentioned place.
We also beg leave to suggest to you whether it would
not be advisable to have the wheat, peas, liour and other
provisions stored along the river removed, as it may pro-
bable be that the enemy's vessels of war may endeavour to
lake or destroy it.
We are gent, your very humble servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Honble. the Convenlien
of the buteof New-York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Leonard Bleeker.]
Kingtton, March 19tA, 1777.
Gentlemen — I am under the necessity of resigning my
lieutenant's commission, for a very particular reason, wliich
is, that I am so repeatedly superseded. When a young of-
ficer IS appointed over tiie head of a senior one, the latter
IS consequently degraded ; such is my situation. When I
cannot serve willi honour, I desire not to serve at all ; yet
it you should think proper to appoint me to such rank as
would be without blemish to my reputation, I should ever
be ready to step forth in defence of tliat liberty, which I
have hitherto endeavoured to support. 1 beg you will ac-
cept of this as resignation of lieutenant's commission .
1 am, gent, with the greatest respect,
Your very luimble sert.
LEONARD BLEEKER.
Honourable Committee of Arrangements.
[Certificate of Genl. G. Clinton in favor of Capt. Harris ]
New-Windsor, l<)th March, 1777.
I hereby certify that the bearer Daniel Harris, of Cap-
tain Woodhull's company of Orange county light horse, was
out with the militia under my command last winter ; that he
was detached with a party of said company to take a num-
ber of horses near Pomplown, supposed to be purchased
for the use of the enemy ; and 1 have reason to believe
that by exerting himself on that occasion, which required
despatch, he lost his own horse by riding liim too fast, and
that his horse so lost was worth thirty pounds.
GEO. CLINTON, Brig. Genrl.
[Letter from G. V. Schaick, covering the returns of his regiment, &c.]
Mbany, March 24th, 1777.
Gentlemen — Pursuant to a resolution of (/onvention
of the State of New-York, passed the lOlh inst. I enclose
two returns of the first regiment raising in this State ; the
one specifying particularly the number of men enlisted by
each o&cev ; the other in what manner the regiment is
stationed. I much lament the necessity of the reeiments
being separated, which will prevent me from giving the
necessary order and instructions for disciplinmg the officers
and men, and put it out of my power to see that the strict-
est attention is had to the soldiery, to keep up sulxjrdina-
lion and good order — matters of the first importance to
new troops.
It is a matter of concern to me to be under the disagree-
able necessity of acquainting Convention that it is out of our
power to complete the baltahon this season ; the number
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
399
of men enlisted in these parts for Colls. Livingston, Ha-
zens, Warner's, and upwards of four hundred balteau men,
have so drained the town and country, that of late the of-
ficers on the recruiting service have very little success.
Fifty-three have deserted and died since the regiment was
first established, and which are not included in the enclos-
ed returns.
I am, with perfect esteem, the Convention's,
Most humble and obedient servant,
G. V. SCHAICK.
A Return of the first New-York Regiment, specifying
the number of Men Enlisted by each Officer, Albany,
24th March, 1777.
OFFICERS' NAMES.
Capt. Barent J. Ten Eyck,
*Capt Joseph McCracken,
Lieut. Guy Young,
Lieul. John Denny,
Ensn. Jonathan Brown,
Capl. John Graham
Lieut. Nicholas Van Rensselaer,. ..
Lieut Nathaniel Henry,
Ensn. Thomas Hicks,
Capi. Andrew Finch,
Lieut. Tobias Van Veghten,
Lieut. Barlhow. Van Volkenburgh,.
Ensn. Jacob J Clock, ,
Capl. Benjn. Hicks,
Lieut. Charles Parsons,
Lieut. Samuel Thorn,
Ensn. Wilhelmus Ryckman,
Capt. David Van Ness,
Lieut. John Hooghkirk
Lieut. Abrm. Hardenburgh,
Ensn. Jacob Wendell,
Capl John Wendell,
Lieut. Adive Sherwood,
Lieut. Christr. MuUer,
Ensn. Jeremiah C. Muller,
Capt. John Copp,
Lieut. Barent S. Salisbury
Lieul. Ephraim Snow, ..
fEnsn. James Bennet,
Capt. Robert McKeon,
Lieut. Jno. C. Ten Broeck,
JLieut. VVm. Scudder,
Ensn. James Moor, •
Total,
4
30
19.
33
1
9
5-
34
9
7
20.
47
13
7
0.
4
26
4
1.
21
1
15
0.
0
42
15
45
6
53
48
70
67
35
37
57
52
427
G. V. SCHAICK, Col.
•No return received.
tEnlered in the Connecticut service.
^Supposed to be in the State of New Jersey, and never made a return
since his appointment.
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[Letter from Col. Gansevoort, relative to making returns of his regi-
ment.]
Mhany, March 17, 1777.
Sir — I have received an order from your Convention,
requesting me lo make a return of the state of my regi-
ment, which I am unable to do at this time, as the greatest
part of my officers are dispersed to distant quarters for the
purpose of enlisting. I have some time since received a
like order from General Schuyler ; but as I then laboured
under the same inconvenience, was not able to comply with
it. I have wrote to Lieutenant Colonel Willett, who is
stationed at Fishkills, and ordered him lo put up and send
about this and the neighbouring Stules'advertisements, for
the purpose of procuring returns from the officers, but have
not heard from liim on the subject. You may be assured
that as soon as I have it in my power, I shall not delay
making a return to you.
I have the honour to be,
Your very hum. servant,
P. GANSEVOORT.
To Abm. Ten Broeck, Esqr.
[Letter from Col. Van Corllandt.]
Peekskill, March 21st, 1777,
Sia — I am honoured with yours of the 18th instant ;
have not as yet been able lo inform myself sufficiently
whether the appointing of Major Fish to my regiment
would occasion any just cause of offence to any of my offi-
cers or not. As I am not acquainted with the rank he held
in the army, cannot be a proper judge myself. I hear a
very good character of him, and believe, from report, he
would make a very good officer ; must leave it entirely to
your better judgment lo determine. If I should be made
acquainted with any particular circumstances by which
offence may be taken, will immediately communicate it.
I remain, sir, with great respect,
Your humb. servt.
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
To Robert Yates, Esq.
[Letter from Jacob Morris to Wm. Duer, Esq.]
Morristoivn, 22d March, 1777.
Sir — I did myself the pleasure of writing you a few
weeks ago, mentioning lo you thai I would accept the ap-
pointment the Convention of your Stale had honoured me
with in Colonel Duboys's regiment ; since that lime seve-
ral things have occurred which obliges me to tell you, that
it is not now in my power to receive ilie commission, and
musi therefore request you'll be kind enough lo inform ihc
gentlemen in my name, that I have the highest sense of
the honour they conferred on me by their choice of me for
that office, and hope that the person who succeeds me may
400
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
possess abilities suflicient lo fill it with more satisfaction
than I could liave done.
In a letter of this date to Colonel Duboys, I let him know
my intention of refusing lo accept the majority in his regi-
ment, in order that he might not expect me, but look out
for another person.
I am, sir.
Your very humble servt.
JACOB MORRIS.
Mr. DuER.
[Letter of Benson and Smith, committee of conspiracies at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, Tuesday, 4 o'clock P. M. March 25, 1777.
Sir — Capt. Mitchell, who this moment arrived from
Peckskill, which place he left about ten o'clock, gives us
the following intelligence, viz : That yesterday about sun-
set, 80 of our troops, under the command of Lt. Col. Wil-
Icl, attacked the advanced post of the enemy on a height
beyond Col. Cortlandt's house, who immediately retired
with precipitation, and the whole body about 9 o'clock be-
gan to embark. Our people are again in possession of
iheir former quarters. We cannot learn that the enemy
liave been able to carry ofT stores to any amount ; and have
taken with them only about 40 sheep and eight or ten head
of cattle, and have penetrated a very little way in the coun-
try. The stores at Cortlandt's Corners and Drake's Mills
are saved. There are only four houses burnt by the ene-
my. When Capt. Mitchell came away, they were loosing
their top-sails and making ready to sail ; tliey gave out that
they intended to slop at Tarrylovvn and endeavour to de-
stroy the stores at Wright's Mills. We have no intelli-
gence from Major Fish, but have reason to believe the
stores there are saved, as some companies of the Corllandt
Manor militia have marched there. We have lost no men,
though two wounded ; one it is feared mortally. The ene-
my left three men dead on the field, and one taken prisoner.
The tories furnished the enemy with what cattle and sheep
they got, but we cannot learn that they flocked in lo them
in any great numbers ; Lieut. Gano, with about twenty
men, maintained his post at Fort Independence during the
"whole of the time. By a deserter. Gen. McDougall learn-
ed that the enemy's force was about 600, all British, con-
sisting of four regiments of about 150 each. We thought
this intelligence, as it is undoubtedly true, of so much im-
portance that we have communicated it by express. We
received the resolution for Col. Swartwout, and as he had
gone forward with the militia to Peekskill, we forwarded
it by express.
We remain, sir, with respect.
Your very humble servants,
MELANCTON SMITH,
EGBT. BENSON.
P. S. No militia has marched from this county except
Colo. BrinckerhofTs.
To Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq.
President of the Convention.
[Draft of letter to Genl. Washington, on the subject of the Highland
forts, and to recommend Genl. Geo. Clinton, to the command of
them.]
March 18, 1777.
Sir — The Convention are very happy to find, by the
gentlemen that waited on your Excellency, that their plan
for the security of the forts, meets with your approbation;
and that the gentleman they propose to recommend to
Congress, is agreeable to your Excellency. They take
the liberlv to request that you will express your sentiment
on this head to Congress, and urge their speedy adoption
of so salutary a measure. Tlie Convention finding a great
deficiency of cannon ball at the fortresses, have ordered
4,000 lo be cast ; many other articles necessary for their
defence, being wanting, they have taken the liberty to
write to Genl. McDougall, for the proper supplies from
the Continental stores. Your Excellency's distance, and
the variety of llie cares which divide your attention, will
sufficiently apologize for the interference of the Convention
in a matter of such great importance to the common inte-
rest.
I have the honor to be, &c.
His Excellcy. Genl. Washington.
[Draft of letter to Congress on the subject of the Highland forts, and
recommending Genl. George Clinton to have the command of them.]
Kingston, March 18, 1777.
Sir — I am ordered by the Convention of this State, to
inform you that ihey have long been under great appre-
hensions for the fate of the fortresses in the Highlands,
which they have at different limes stren<ithened by consi-
derable bodies of their militia, when His Excellency, Genl.
Washington, was unable through the weakness of his ar-
my, lo supply them with proper garrisons. But lliey la-
ment that the want of tiie necessary stores, must not only
render all their endeavours to secure these important posts
ineffectual, but endanger the troops that are thrown in to
defend them. By the enclosed returns, you will see the
present stale of Fort Montgomery ; Fort Constitution is in
a still more deplorable situation, and indeed, if it can not
be belter provided, she had belter be dismantled. We
wish that a discretionary power may be given for this pur-
pose, to the general that may be vested with the command.
The convention conceive that the neglect of these fortressss,
arises chiefly from the want of an active commander,
whose attention is solely confined to their defence ; since
officers, who expect daily to be removed, seldom extend
their care much beyond the present hour, and are indiffe-
rent about things of the utmost moment, when they ex-
pect to leave their charges before any mischiefs happen.
The Convention therefore, take the liberty lo suggest the
propriety of appointing some general commandant of those
forts and the other works lhat are now erecting in the
Higlilands, with the rank of brigadier-general. They are
too much interested in the success of this measure, to
think any apology necessary for mentioning it, or for re-
commending to Congress, Genl. George Clinton as a per-
son every way qualified for this command. The Conven-
tion think it unnecessary to offer a more particular recom-
mendation of Genl. George Clinton, whose character is
well known to the Commander-in-Chief and to some gen-
tlemen at Congress. He is now employed in obstructing
the river a little above Fort Constitution ; a work which
they hope will be finished in a few weeks, and which,
ought to be under the direction of the general that com-
mands at the forts, since it may be necessary to remove
part of the cannon and garrison from one to the other, in
order to secure the obstruction.
The Convention flatter themselves that the Hon. the
Congress, will consider this application as sufficiently
important to deserve their immediate attention, as delay
will in this case, be equivalent to a refusal; more espe-
cially as they are informed that the enemy design very
shortly to bend their force against this Slate.
I have the honor to be, &c.
The Honbl. John Hancock, Esqr. Presidt. S[c.
[Draft of letter to Genl. McDougall, on the subject of the forts and
passes in the Highlands.]
Kingston, March 18, 1777.
Sir — The convention view with extreme concern the
defenceless state of the fortresses in the Highlands ; they
find by the returns from thence, that they have not more
than 20 rounds of shot for the six 32 pounders, and not a
single ball for the other twelve guns, that there is not even
sponge or rammer for the cannon that are mounted. In
short, sir, that the commonest things are wanting. Though
this sir, may be out of our department, yet we are too
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
401
deeply interested in the consequence of this negligence,
to view it with indifference. We are extremely happy to
find that your command extends to these forts, since we
have reason to hope that you will exert yourself to put
them in a posture of defence, in order to whic h it will be
necessary to procure a number of little articles, and at least
4,000 cannon balls, a proportionate quantity of powder and
wads, as well as to direct the making of cartridges. By
the returns, you will find that if the garrison should be in-
creased, which it doubtless must, more musket cartridges
and of course paper to make them, will be necessary ; we
shall always be ready as far as lies in our power, to assist
you in procuring any thing which may be needful for the
security of those fortresses ; and have accordingly ordered
4,000 balls to be cast ; we hope, however, you will be
able to throw in a more immediate supply, as we have
some reason to apprehend that ours may come too late.
I am, sir, &;c.
Brigr. Genl. McDougall.
fDraft of a letter to Genl. George Clinton on the subject of the obstruc-
tions making in the river.]
3Iarch 18th, 1777.
Sir — The Convention are informed by the gentlemen
appointed to confer with you on the forwardness of the
obstructions in Hudson's river, that those works will be
completed by the middle of April. It is their wish that so
necessary an affair should meet with no delay. They
therefore suggest to you the propriety of calling out so
many of the militia as may be necessary for the completion
of this work by the time prefixed, should those you now
have be insufficient for that purpose.
They would further observe that stone may be speedily
procured by employing a number of Albany or other sloops,
who will readily contract by the load, and furnish them-
selves with hands for that purpose.
I am, &c.
Brigr. Genl. Geo. Clinton.
[Letter from the Dutchess County Committee.]
In General Committee of Dutchess County, >
March 25//1, 1777. (,
Sir — As President of the Convention, we would inform
you that the resolution of Convention of the 15lh of Janu-
ary last, prohibiting the practice of inoculating for the small
pox in houses not licensed by general committees, is openly
violated in this county, and the small pox spreading fast
among us. Doctr. Bryant of Fredericksburgh, Doclr. La-
tham of Albany county, and Doctors JSimeon and Phineas
Smith of Sharon in Connecticut, in particular, have trans-
gressed as above. This committee will furnish evidence
against the aforesaid persons if required.
By suppressing the above practice, the Honourable Con-
vention will render essential service to and much quiet the
minds of the good people of this county.
By order of committee,
NATHAN PEARCE, Chairman.
To General Ten Broeck, President
of the Convention of the Stale of New-York.
[Letter from Governor Trumbull.]
Lebanon, V2lh September, 1776.
Sir — I received your favour of the 1 1 th instant per Mr.
Marvin, wherein you are so kind as to offer to supply some
of our troops willi arms for the present service ; there arc
two companies from Norwich who want. Please to deliver
Capt. Jabcz Wight for his company, three guns, bayonets
and cartouch boxes ; and to Capt. Ezra Brewster, for his
company, fifteen guns, &c. taking their respective receipts
with promise to return them, extraordinaries excepted j if
[Vol. II.] 101
it appears they want more, please to deliver them according-
ly ; let them be prized by judicious men under oath ; take
duplicate receipts and accounts of appraisal, one of each
to be sent me.
I am, with esteem and regard.
Sir, your obedt. humb. servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Col. Henry B. Livingston.
[Draft of a letter from Col. Henry B. Livingston to Gov. Trumbull.]
Say Brook, \Hh September, 1776.
Mak it please your honour — I send you a duplicate
receipt and appraisal of the arms taken on Long island ;
they are valued extremely low, owing to their having been
much rusted, and want of judgment in the appraisers ; I
hope it will be no temptation to their being kept from the
State of New-York, as the want of them is great, and they
can noways be supplied for the value affixed.
I think I informed your honour in my last that I had
taken a prisoner accused of a capital crime, viz: carrying
on an intercourse with our enemies ; he has since been be-
fore the committee of Saybrook and confessed that he
having been told the contents of a letter delivered him for
the purpose of carrying it to Lord Howe, and that he did
carry said letter to Lord Howe, and tliat the purport of said
letter was to inform General Howe that some arms taken
from the people of East Hampton by order of Colonel Gardi-
ner in the King's name, had been retaken by the subjects of
the States on this side of the water, and that the towns of
South and East Hampton did send this letter to avoid the
imputation of being in connection with us. Thus much I
collected from Mr. Howel's own confession. The com-
mittee have thought proper to permit him his parole to re-
main in the county of Colchester ; as this appears very
singular to me that a criminal accused of a capital crime
should be permitted to be at large previous to his trial, I
have thought proper to remit your honour an account of it,
that if possible this matter may be rectified if wrong. Few
men would pay much regard to their honour when life is
at stake. I should have proceeded early this morning for
Long island but the wind and tide being both contrary,
prevent.
I remain vour honour's most obt. humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
To His Honour Govr. Trumbull.
Fish Kill, 7th March, 1777.
Dear Sir — I have been so extremely hurried to-day,
just having received marching orders for to-morrow morn-
ing, that I have scarce been able to do any thing as I ought
to do. You will therefore excuse inaccuracies. I have
enclosed you a packet of papers and letters relative to the
arms lent to Governor Trumbull. You may observe in
one of them he thanks me for the arms I am so good as
to offer to lend to that State. This I utterly deny to be
the case. I did not offer to lend them ; on the contrary,
told Colonel Coit and others that came for them, that I
would not deliver them but to the Governor's express order,
which is also enclosed you. A return of the arms and
stores taken on Long island is also enclosed you in above
mentioned packet. The enclosed is the copy of a resolu-
tion of Congress, lately sent me from Philadelphia, and
the dales of some of my officers' warrants. 1 have also
procured from Congres.s the resolution that settles my rank
above that of Col. Cortlaiidt, while we were licut. colo-
nels, which I hope will prevent niy being insulted by his
being placed over my head in the new arrangement. It is
enclosed in a letter to the committee of arrangement, and
goes by the same conveyance this does. I think it will
not be proper to ascertain the rank of llie officers in their
402
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
commissions otherwise than by their dates, as it will create
a necessity of their having new commissions on every
promotion, which would be an endless trouble.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect,
Your most obt. servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
James Duane, Esq.
Peeks Kill Barracks, No. 2, March 24, 1777.
Gentlemen — The bearer, Mr. Renica, has just arrived
from head-quarters. The Congress have put liim on pay
as a lieutenant-colonel, and General Washington has sent
strong recommendations in his favour, and requests that he
be appointed to the regiirient called the Fourlli New-York
Regiment. If I had lime I would assert the claim it has
of being called the Second. Col. Reneau is desirous to
know whether he is approved of by you as lieutenant-
colonel to the regiment intended for me.
I am, gentn. with due respect.
Your most obt. servt.
HENRY B.LIVINGSTON.
The Committee of Arrangements, State New-York.
[Letter from Reyer Schermerhorn, acknowledging an error.]
Kingston, March 24th, 1777.
(lENTLEMEN — I liavc becH informed that there is a com-
plaint lodged against me for exchanging thirteen Continen-
tal dollars for si.\ of silver, which I must acknowledge to
be supported ; but can assure you that at the time I did it
I was in a frolic, and had not my proper senses. I have
been sorry since ; must beg the Honourable House to take
this into consideration, and pray to be pardoned for the
ofTence. I have heretofore proved myself to be a true
friend to my country, and mean faithfully to continue so.
I am, with the greatest respect,
Gentlemen, yours to serve, &c.
REYER SCHERMERHORN.
Should be glad of an answer.
Gentlemen of the Honourable Convention.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton, at New- Windsor.]
New-Windsor, 23d March, 1777.
Dear Sir — I am honoured with the letter of Conven-
tion, dated the 18lh instant. The works under my direc-
tion, near this place, have been greatly retarded by the
cables and anchors necessary for the chain not being fur-
nished us at the time we were ready for, and had rea-
son to expect them. A number of our hands were sent
down to Fort Montgomery to prepare for drawing the chain
across the river, and have waited there a full week, daily
expecting those articles while our works here have been
almost at a stand by means of their absence. This and
the uneasiness which some time ago prevailed among the
artificers on account of their wages, will prevent our com-
pleting the works quite as soon as the time I mentioned to
the gentlemen of your committee. I do not despair, how-
ever, of having the obstructions completed in good season.
If the militia would turn out with cheerfulness to our
assistance, a very small proportion of them might greatly
forward the completion of these works ; but considering
the busy season of the year which is fast approaching, I
fear they would submit but with reluctance, in which case
I would rather be without them. Add to this, we have not
barracks or any covering for them ; and I fear you will be
under a necessity of ordering them another way.
The time for which those out under Colo. Pawling are
engaged in the service, expires the first of next month ;
and I am apprehensive that unless proper measures are
taken by your Honourable House, the post and stores at
Suydman's Bridge and all that quarter of the country will
lay exposed to the enemy ; for, by a letter of the I8lh in-
stant, from Major Genl. St. Clair, and others of an older
dale from his Excellency Genl. Wasliinglon, I liave reason
to believe that a single man from the main army cannot be
.spared for that quarter, owing to the lime for which the
militia who composed it being expired, and the new array
coming in exceeding slowly.
I fear I shall be greatly embarrassed with numbers of
lories who, I hear, are preparing to go to New- York with
their families, in consequence of a laie resolve of the Ho-
nourable the Convention. My orders from the Comman-
der-in-Chief are expressly to cut off the communication
between the country and city. He considers me as com-
manding a detachment of troops in the service of the
United Stales : as such he has issued his orders to me.
How can I, then, consistent with the duly I owe my supe-
rior officer, suffer tho.sc parricides lo pass any post under
my command, when their avowed intentions are to go to
the enemy?
I wish to treat the Convention with every mark of
deference and respect. I consider myself as their servant,
and bound to obey their orders when at the head of the
n ilitia ; but in the present case, I am, by your Honourable
House, put under the direction of the Commander-in-
Chief, and I must obey his orders. I feel myself unfiappy
on this occasion, and wish some means may be devised by
which I may be enabled to obey the orders of my superior
officer, and comply with the resolve of the Honourable
Convention at the same lime.
I am, with the utmost respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
Honourable Abraham Ten Brceck,
President of the Convention.
[Letter from Richard Snedeker.]
Poughkeepsie, March 2ith, 1777.
Honoured Sir — This day, agreeably to appointment, I
was to attend the Convention, in order lo receive an an-
swer relative to the matter I applied for last Saturday; but
having received intelligence that a number of British troops
are landed at Peekskill, and fearing that if it be true, the
prisoners will be ordered to close confinement, I have con-
sidered it as most prudent not to come up this day — as I
confess the thoughts of confinement appear to me very
alarming. Wherefore, I hope my non-altendance will not
be construed as proceeding from any ill-inienlion in me
against the State, but rather, as it truly is, from fear of im-
prisonment— meaning, if necessary, lo attend as soon as I
can be advised it will be safe — and conclude that others of
the prisoners, from the same motives, will for a lime secrete
themselves.
I am, with respect.
Your very humble servant,
RICHD. SNEDEKER.
[Letter from John Hathorn, at Warwick.]
Warivick, 27th March, 1777.
Sir — Your favour I received, with a resolution of Con-
vention, requiring the state of Stirling company of militia
in my regiment.
I am informed that a great number of that company have,
in consequence of his Excellency General Washington's
late permission, withdrew themselves within the enemy's
lines ; and from ihe best accounts I am able to obtain,
there is not now more than twenty or twenty-five people left.
The reason of iheir late captain being superseded, was
by his own request, as well as the request of the company;
he being a man of neither property nor influence, an exces-
sive lover of liquor, and very irregular in his life ; together
with a character unfriendly to the American cause.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c
403
The subaltern officers I look upon to be nearly of the
same character, as well as the bulk of the company.
The present captain, Mr. Townsend, has really given
reasons to suspect him ; his frequent absence in the com-
pany, when ordered to do duty, obliges people to believe
ins political ideas not genuine.
However, his present appointment may have a tendency
to awaken in him a martial spirit, which would be well
pleasing to me, as I am fearful the breaking that company
may be attended with bad consequences, as they are a
people that seem distinct from others, and choose to be by
themselves.
I am sensible, also, that no captain within the regiment
would by any means take the charge of them, if they could
possibly avoid it ; and their distance and situation would
make it extremely difficult to add them to another district.
I would further inform the Convention that Elisha Ben-
nett, the second lieutenant, is gone to the enemy, and that
the precinct committee hath ordered that Solomon Finch,
the former lieutenant, who is esteemed friendly, shall still
continue in his place in the company, and Fitzgerald to
still retain his former place, and Conclin to be the ensign,
I have the honour to be, with esteem,
Your and the Convention's
Most obedient servt.
JOHN HATHORN.
Abraham Ten Broeck, Esqr.
President of the Convention.
[Letter from Govr. Trumbull, enclosing an account of Downer against
two State prisoners.]
Hartford, August lith, 1777.
Sir — It maybe remembered that a large number of dis-
affected persons were sent from your State to ours last
year, to be kept on parole, among which were Thomas
Swords, a lieutenant in one of the British regiments, who
was supposed to be able to support himself, but proved not
to be so ; also one Dugall Campbell, who appeared to be
a worthless man, and finally escaped (as we suppose) to
the enemy, on Long island. They were put to the care
and government of Dr. Joshua Downer, of Preston,
who kept them with as much prudence as any man
could, at his own expense, by order of the Governor
and Council of Safely. The enclosed is his account of
expense by him incurred in supporting those persons,
which he has attested as true, and no doubt can be had of
the justice of his charge, as his character is good in that
respect, and no extravagance appears in his demand. Your
taking the necessary steps to discharge these accounts,
will be very agreeable to this Slate, as no obligation but
that of doing you a pleasure ever lay on us to be troubled
with those persons.
I am, with esteem and regard,
Your huble. servt.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
To the Honbl. President of the Convention of New- York State.
The State of Connecticut, Dr.
To Joshua Downer.
£. s. d.
To Ihe Governor's order in favour of Lieut. Swords, 6 0 0
seven weeks board, 4 4 0
cash for pocket money, 3 11 4
cash to help Lieut. Swords home, 3 12 0
keeping his horse two nights, 0 2 0
four messes of oats, 0 1 0
(Errors excepted.) £J7 10 4
The State of Connecticut, Br.
To Joshua Downer.
£. s. d.
To boarding Dougall Campbell three weeks, 1 10 0
ten and a half gills rum, 0 5 3
(Errors excepted.) £1 15 3
Hartford, jlugust Uth, 1777.
Hartford County, ss.
There personally appeared Dr. Joshua Downer, of
Preston, in the county of New-London, and gave solemn
oath that the above accounts are justly and truly charged,
and that he in fact boarded and supported the above named
Thomas Swords and Dugall Campbell, by the order of his
Excellency Govr. Trumbull, and that he hath received no
part of the pay for the same ; and furthermore, that said
Swords and Campbell appeared to be poor and unable to
pay the same, or any part thereof.
Sworn before me.
Jabez Hamltn, Assist.
[Letter to Governor Trumbull.]
New Haven, 9th Deer. 1776.
May it please your honour — The Convention of the
State of New-York having required the arms taken on
Long island to be sent immediately to them at Fishkill,
part of those arms, if your honour remembers, were on
your order delivered out to Col. Coil's regiment, with this
proviso, that the arms should be returned on demand, as
the want of them in the Slate of New-York was great, and
they could in no way be supplied for the value affixed to
them, owing to great want of judgment in the appraisers.
The arms, when lent, were quite complete, cartouch boxes
and bayonets, belts, &c. As those arms were only a loan,
I would be extremely obliged to your honour if you would
order those arms to be collected and delivered to the bearer,
Captain Plat, who will take care to forward them to our
Stale. A list of the above arms is deposited in his hands,
in which a duplicate was delivered your honour.
I am, sir, your honour's
Obt. humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON,
Colo. Regt.
[Duplicate of receipt of arms delivered to Colo. Samuel Coit.]
Sept. 14th, 1776. Received of Colonel Henry B. Liv-
ingston, sixty-nine arms, valued, marked and appraised as
above. These arms are delivered on condition they be
returned to said Colonel Henry B. Livingston, or his order,
unless taken in war by our enemies, they being only a loan
in the present emergency ; one hundred cartouch boxes
and sixty-nine bayonets being included.
(Duphcate.) SAME. COIT, ColoL
[Letter from Peter Sim.]
Albany, iUt March, im.
Sir — Agreeable to my instructions I delivered your let-
ter to General Schuyler on the 5lh instant, and he desired
me to remain here vmtil he wrote to the tribes of the In-
dians where the salt springs are, but has received no answer
from them yet, and indeed, from the best intelligence that
I can get, I dont think that it will be practicable at this
lime, as the Indians have begun some hostilities already,
and I dont think that it can answer any great purpose to
go to the springs, unless the works could be carried on in
a state of safety, which to me appears very gloomy.
However, I should be very glad, sir, if you would write to
me and let me know the minds of the gentlemen of the
committee with respect to this affair.
I am. sir, your humble servant,
PETER SIM.
P. S. Please sir to direct to Mr. Willet, saddler, at
Albany.
To James Duane, Esq.
[Letter from Cadwallader Golden.]
Kingston, March m, 1777.
Sin — Mr.Tapen has favoured me with a sight of the copy
of the resolve of Convention of the 7th of this month, relat-
ing to those who are conceived in the light of prisoners to
the Stale of New-York ; and as I liavc taken my resolution
404
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
with regard to the oath that is to be tendered to me in con-
sequence of lliis resolve, 1 beg tliat I may not be put to
the trouble of being sent to the coininissioiiers at Fish Kill,
but that the Convention would i)e pleased to give me a
pass to remove, with my family and eflects, to New-York ;
that they will give me a reasonable time for so doing, and
they would allow me to take with me the provisions that I
have laid up for summer's use for my family. I have also
some potash, which might procure me some hard cash to
bear my expenses. This I should be glad also to lake with
me. Please to move this matter in Convention, and you
will greatly oblige.
Dear sir, your most humble servant,
CADWALLADER COLDEN.
To William Dining, Esq.
[Letter from Petrus Roosa.]
Newburgh, March Kth, 1777.
Sir — I was in company with Capt. Godwin, and he told
me that he thought I was appointed a lieutenant in his
company, and that without doubt ; so upon that head I have
engaged fourteen men, and have the promise of several
more ; therefore if you would be pleased to let me know
as soon as possible, it will oblige me very much.
I am, sir, your most humble servant.
PETRUS ROOSA, Lieut.
To Colnl. Charles Dewitt.
[Letter from General Schuyler.]
Albany, March ilk, 1777.
Sir — General Bayley advises me that part of the men
raised by order of Convention, and put under the command
of the late Major Hoisington, remain unemployed, although
they are engaged to serve during the war. From informa-
tion transmitted me by Col. Bedel, I apprehend there will
be occasion of their service as scouts to be employed on
the head of the river St. Francois, and although I have no
immediate power from Congress to engage any troops for
that purpose, I shall nevertheless venture on the measure,
if Convention should think proper to direct that they should
be put under my command as Continental troops ; in which
case the Continental bounty will be allowed to Convention
to replace what it may have advanced them.
I am, sir, with great respect.
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Honble. General Ten Broeck,
President of the Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Col. Bruyn.T
Kingston, 19th March, 1777.
Gentlemen — At the request of Col. Duboys, I am di-
rected to apply to your honours for the sum of one thou-
sand pounds for the use of his recruiting officers and
bounty due to the men in his regiment, the money being
much wanted. Your orders for the same, gentlemen, will
much oblige
Your most obedient, humble servant.
JAS. BRUYN, Lt. Col.
To the Honoble. Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Genl. Schuyler.]
Albany, March 4th, 1777.
Sir — Mr. Leonard has produced to me a resolution of
Convention, ascertaining the allowance per ton for the
stoves cast by Mr. Patrick. As the weight of the stoves
is 9tons, 4cwt. Oqrs. 20lbs, the whole amount of the ac-
count will be five hundred and ninety-eight pounds thir-
teen shillings, which I entreat Convention will be pleased
to pay to the person entitled to receive the same, and make
a Continental charge thereof, or draw upon the deputy
quarter-master-general of this department as may besl'suit
them.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honble. General Ten Broeck, President. &c.
[Letter from Lewis Morris.]
Philadelphia, March KM, 1777.
Sir — I had the pleasure of receiving your letter by ex-
press, and should immediately, in compliance with your
request, have laid the papers it contained before Congress ;
but for some reasons that I flatter myself will be very ob-
vious to you, 1 thought it prudent to defer it for some time.
From the circumstances of the adjournment of Congress
from Baltimore to this place, there is now a very unequal
representation. I am alone from the State of New-York,
as Mr. Lewis has not yet come up, and it being of the ut-
most importance to that Slate, as well as individuals thereof,
for whom I have the highest esteem, I have dechned risk-
ing the event of so important an affair, until in a full
and equal assembly the justice of it may have its proper
consideration and effect.
Mr. Robert Morris has very friendly and cheerfully of-
ferred me all the assistance and advice in his power ; from
the abilities and influence of this gentleman, I anticipate
every success that could be wished, and doubt not you will
be of the same opinion with myself, when you are in-
formed by the members of the Convention that have at-
tended Congress, how much the sentiments of Mr. Morris
have the influence they aim at.
Though justice and imparliality should be the rulinrr
principle in every public Assembly ; yet when interest^
ambition or any such motives interfere, such is the de-
pravity of human nature, that they are apt to be biassed ;
and when a majority is to determine a question, though the
cause may be just, there is reason to dread the event ; and
this is the principal reason for my delaying the bringing
on of this affair.
You may depend sir, I will be watchful to introduce
your letter, and the subject of it, into Congress upon the
first dawning of a favourable chance of its success, and
then as it will be supported by such powerful inflluence as
I have mentioned, 1 ihink I may give you an assurance
that, though not speedily, yet eventually, it will terminate
in a manner agreeable to your wishes.
I have the honour to be. sir.
You most obedient humble servant,
LEWIS xMORRIS.
To Abraham Ten Bkoeck, Esq.
[Letter from H. I. Van Rensselaer to the New-York Convention.]
Albany, llth March, 1777.
Gentlemen — Your letter of the 6lh instant I have re-
ceived, enclosing a resolve of the Convention, that the of-
fice for borrowing money on behalf of the Continent be
opened at Albany.
As I am a resident at Claverack it will by no means
answer my purpose to leave my family and business for
the sake of the profits that may arise from the office. I
was informed by some of the board that the office would
be opened at Claverack, it being more in the centre than
Albany ; had I known that it was to have been opened at
Albany I would not have accepted it ; therefore beg leave
to resign the office. Mr. Leonard Gansevoort, junr. is
willing to accept thereof ; he is known to most of the mem-
bers of Convention from this county, and I believe would
be a very proper person to confer it on.
I am, gentlemen.
Your humle. servt.
HY. I. V. RENSSELAER.
To the Honle. Convention
of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
405
[Letter from Genl. Geo. Clinton.]
New-Windsor, 14th March, 1777.
Sir — We only wait now for anchors and cables to draw
the chain across the river ; the logs for buoying it are all
completely fixed, and are this day sent off in a raft down
the river. I came from Ponghkeepsie this morning, where
I went in hopes of finding a supply of anchors and ca-
bles, as I despaired of the river's opening in time to get
them higher up ; but could not procure one at that place.
We want forty cables and can't dispense with less ; we
must have them even though they should be carted down
to Klyn's, at Esopus, from that they can be brought by
water. We can do with fewer anchors, as we can sink
boxes with stone to supply their place. I send Capt. Clarke
to Kingston to forward down those articles, with some
others which we stand in need of, and beg the Honourable
Convention to order him such aid as will enable him to re-
turn here with despatch. Until we can have the needed
articles we can do nothing further with the chain ; add to
this, a number of hands will be kept idle at Fort Montgo-
mery waiting his return with them.
I am, with due respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To Abrahaji Ten Broeck, Esq.
[Letter of George Taylor, on behalf of the crew of the Congress.]
Ship Congress, 21st March, l77V.
The memorial of George Taylor in behalf of the people
employed on board the ship Congress as ship joiners,
Humbly sheweth :
That your memorialists, in consequence of a resolve of
your Honourable House of 20lh December last, were enti-
tled to receive rations during the time they continued to
work on said ship; that from the said 20th December to
the 14lh February, your memorialists did receive nine days'
provision on board said ship and no more ; that your me-
morialists by original contract with the commissioners for
building said ship were entitled to half pint of rum per man
per day, which on account of the dearness and scarcity of
said arlicles, they have not received but six weeks of the
time since the tenth of December last ; that your memorial-
ists have seen an order or resolve of your Honourable House
of the 14lh February past, in which the carpenters on board
said ship are directed to receive ten shillings and sixpence
per day in lieu of former pay and rations, in which order
your memorialists did deem themselves included, as well
from the general terms in which the order was couched, as
from the declaration of some of your members ; that your
memorialists, on application made for said pay, are informed
it was not your intention to include the shipjoiners in said
order, fur which they were at a loss to account, as the face
of the order shows it to have been intended for the purpose
of enabling tlie people on board to procure provisions, which
lately have become most extravagantly dear. And your
memorialists beg leave to remark that as much provision is
necessary to support a shipjoiner as any other mechanic.
Your memorialists humbly hoping your Honourable House
will see the propriety of this argument and allow them two
sliilhngs and sixpence per day in addition to their former
wages of seven shillings and sixpence, in lieu of rum and
all former allowances.
And your memorialists as in duty bound shall ever prav.
GEO. TAYLOR/
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from John Henry to Pierre Van Cortlandt ]
Fishltill, 4th March, 1777.
Sir — I this day received from the treasurer, per the hands
of Capt. Isaac Belknap, two thousand dollars, for which
this State has credit ; the sum is considerably short of what
I expected, there being in my hands at this juncture vouch-
[Vol. II.] 102
j ers for the whole amount received. I have paid away this
day £450 for shoes, stockings, blankets and breeches, and
to-morrow expect to be as bare of cash as I was at 10
o'clock this morning. I am in daily expectation of many
of the above mentioned articles from the eastern provinces,
and should not your Honourable Body think proper in their
wisdom to consider my wants seasonably, shall still remain
incapacitated to act for the common good of the clothing
department in this State. I would humbly beg you would
not think me too pressing, as I do assure you my chief
study is to render every satisfaction possible to your Ho-
nourable House and the public, Vi^ilh whom I am to nego-
tiate business. The sooner you may have a safe convey-
ance to send me some more money, the better.
I have the honour to be, with all due respects,
Your most obedt. hbl. servt.
JOHN HENRY.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
[Letter from Genl. Geo. Clinton to Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq.]
Neiu Windsor, 15th March, 1777.
Sir — The enclosed petition signed by a number of per-
sons who are employed in carting timber for the public
works carrying on near this place, was just now deUvered.
me. The petitioners might have had their pay if they had
called for it, at any time, and I would as leave pay them
weekly as not. The wages as settled by the quarter-
master-general for teams are as follows : a single horse
team 12s.; a single yoke of oxen and teamster 12s.; a double
yoke 20s. and so in proportion for stronger teams, of which
I directed the person who procured the teams to inform the
owners ; they say they cannot afford to cart at those prices,
and considering the exorbitant prices that provender for
cattle is scld at, I donl know that they can ; I am sure it
will reduce their wages very low, but as I believe the above
to be the prices fixed by the quarler-master-general through-
out the army for all those who are employed in his depart-
ment, I can't think for this reason alone to raise the wages
in the present instance without the advice of the Honourable
the Convention, which I beg on this occasion ; and am with
due respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Hon. Abraham Ten Broeck, Esqr.
President of the Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Philip Cortlandt to the President of the Convention of
New-York.]
Fishkill, March lOih, 1777.
Sir — Should per by this opportunity send you a return
of the number of men enlisted in the second battalion, but
am not as yet able to do it with any exactness, not knowing
what success the officers have who are out recruilinj^and
as the cash which I received is all paid out, shall be much
obliged if Convention will please to order one thousand
pounds to be paid unto Levi DeWitt, quarter-master, for
the purpose of further recruiting my regiment ; shall be
glad to have the colours of the regiment ; if there is none
as yet made, hope Convention will be kind enough to give
orders to have them made to answer my uniform, which is
scarlet with white lappets. I am ordered to march ne.xt
Thursday, and as recruits are coming in daily from the re-
cruiting officers, makes it highly necessary I should be
furnished with cash to pay off their bounty.
I remain sir, with great respect,
Your humb. servt.
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
To the President of the Senate
of the Slate of New- York.
[Letter trom Capt. Bedlow.]
New Windsor, March 10, 1777.
Sir — The bearer of this, Captain Samuel Clark, by
direction of Brigr. Genl. George Clinton, I liave sent
406
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
up to the Honourable Convenlion, requesting they would
be pleased to send mc, by liim, llirec lliousaiid pounds, for
the use of the works carrying on here for obstructing the
navigation of the Hudson river at Polopcn's island. The
reason for so large a demand arises from my having to pay
dCl,022 17s. 6d. for iron from Itingvvood, for the chcvaux-
de-frize, as also the accounts for the fixing the chain at Fort
Montgomery, and to prevent frequent applications to your
Honourable House, which might to them be troublesome.
I would beg leave to acquaint them, that the owners of the
vessels employed here last December, and sent down by
the Convenlion, have frequently applied for their pay, but
as manv of them came here (although requested to give in
their and vessel's names) and returned without my know-
ledge of them ; and some would lay several days here
without any person at the work knowing that they had
stone on board, by which all those days were lost ; I have
refused to pay them by the day, till 1 should have the di-
rections of the Honourable House.
The engineer and myself are in great want of writing
paper, and none to be had here ; should be glad to have a
ream by Capt. Clark.
I am, with respect, sir.
Your humb. servt.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
To PiEKE Van Couktland, Esqr.
[Letter from Gen. Washington, at Head-Quarters, Morristown.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Morristou-n, 1st March, 1777. ^
Gentlemen — During the last campaign, the greatest
part of the army were, at a considerable Continental ex-
pense, well armed ; whence I had hopes, that in arming
our new one no very great difficulty would obstruct us.
But in opposition to all my orders, and notwithstanding my
utmost vigilance, the regiments going off at different times,
from different places, and under different circumstances,
took off with them many that were put into their hands ;
these no doubt are still in possession of the individuals who
bore them away, and may, I should suppose, with little
expense and some activity in the officers, aided by the su-
preme civil power in each State, be regained to the public.
Unless some such step as this is adopted, and attended
with success, I fear we shall not be able to furnish a suffi-
cient number for our soldiers. Satisfactory answers to my
repeated applications on this subject, have not yet been
favoured me by Congress, so that I am still a stranger to
the resources they have. It, therefore, behoves each State,
in addition to my endeavours, to exert her most unwearied
activity in arming her quota before they march for the
field.
Our situation and prospects compel me, in the most
pressing manner, to call your attention towards expediting
the recruiting and equipping your battalions. I beg that
not a moment's time may be lost in inoculating them, and
that when over the disorder, they may be marched imme-
diately to Peekskill, and placed under the care of Brigadier
McDougall.
The advanced season of the year renders an attack upon
Ticonderoga over the ice not so much to be dreaded as to
induce me to prepare against a possible inconvenience
thei-e, at the expense of not guarding effectually against a
certain one here ; wherefore, I have determined to send no
more of your battalions to that place, having ordered a suf-
ficient force from the east.
J have the honor to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedient servant,
GO. WASHINGTON.
The Honourable tlie Convention of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from Henry B. Livingston, at Esopus.]
Esopus, 2d March, 1777.
Sir — The following is a memorandum of some liule
matters advantageous to the public interest, in rny humble
opinion. If you will be so obliging as to mention them in
Convention, and get them carried through, and transmit
any resolution they may make for these purposes to me, at
Fishkill, you will much oblige me. The first is, that Samuel
Brown, a soldier, whose case has been represented by me
to the Honourable Convention, may have his trial by any
means they may think proper to adopt. The next, that "I
may be empowered to puchase the arms that are private
property in my regt. as there are some I have prevailed on
the soldiers to give me the refusal of, in case I should
have a power to purchase. Thirdly, that I may, by Con-
vention, be empowered to contract for as many leather
caps as will complete the regt. to be given instead of hats,
as they are far preferable, and will last as long as four hats
would, and may be bought for nearly the same sum of
money ; they are made of three small pieces of leather,
with little trouble. Fourthly, that an allowance of 20s.
per man be made to recruiting officers, as their expenses
are such as their wages can in no wise compensate for ;
as an instance of this, two of my officers recruiting at Eso-
pus have enlisted six men ; their necessary expenses whilst
recruiting these men, amounted to upwards of thirty pounds;
at this rate each recruit cost them five pounds ; it is true,
when they receive their rations, part of this money will be
repaid them for subsistence, but not at the third part of
what they were obliged to expend for that purpose.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedient and very humble servant,
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
John Ten Broeck, Esqr.
[Letter from the Committee, at Kingston.]
Kingston, 3d March, 1777.
Gentlemen — According to your Resolve, for taking an
inventory of the goods lodged in this town, of persons gone
to the enemy, in which we are \try active, but find our-
selves at a loss about the goods of Cornelius Clopper ; his
wife has disposed of some to Corns. E. Wynkoop, at Mar-
bletown, but we have heard it is unpaid ; and as for their
plate and money, we hear it is sent to Gabriel W. Lod-
low's. There is some goods yet at D. Wynkoop's, and
one or two or more negroes and negro wenches. We will
be glad to have your advice how to act in Clopper's af-
fairs ; in the meantime, we will wait for your answer at
the house of Mr. Johans Parsen.
By order of the Committee.
CORNS. JOHNSON, Jr. Clerk.
To the HoNOtTBABLE CoMOTTTEE OF SAFETY,
For the State of New-York.
[Letter from Egbert Benson and Melancton Smith, Commissioners at
FishkiU.]
Fishkill, March 4, 1777.
Sir — A number of persons have, from time to time,
been removed from this to the Eastern States, either upon
a general charge of enmit}' and disaffection to our cause, or
for treasonable practices, and some of them to be confined
in jail ; many have left the places they were sent to, and
are either gone off to the enemy, lurking privately about
the country, or appear openly in contempt of the authority
of the State.
Some have been permitted to return, and upon taking
the oath of allegiance to remain at home, and we have
daily applications and petitions from others offering to sub-
mit to a legal trial, or become subjects to the State.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
407
We have not, excepting in a few instances and upon
special occasions, given permission to any, and have taiien
no measures wilii those who have returned contumaciously,
as we conceive it would be improper before some general
plan was adopter! with respect to all ; they having been
generally removed upon the same principle and an equally
criminal, and with very little discrimination equally dan-
gerous.
It appears to us to be a matter of some moment and de-
serving the attention of the Convention ; you will please,
therefore, to lay it before them, and we should be happy
in having their advice and direction as soon as possible.
We remain, with respect,
Your very hnml. servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
MELANCTON SMITH, Com.
[Letter from Jacobus Van Wagenen, at Rochester.]
Rochester, March 4, 1777.
Honourable Gentlemen — May it please your Honours
to take into consideration the complaint of the members of
the committee of the third company or district of Roches-
ter. It is well known that we bear our own expenses in
all meetings with much trouble and loss of time, without
reward ; we have been always willing to lay out money for
raising men. And now by an order of the officer of this
district, warned to appear at the appointed place, in order
to be drafted or detached to make up the quota of this
company ; likewise two millers, which is disputed not to
be consistent with the Resolves of Congress ; we, there-
fore, humbly desire that this Honourable Convention will
be pleased to grant us such relief herein, that the cause of
this evil may be removed in such manner as the Honoura-
ble Convention judge the most agreeable with good order
and a christian people.
By order of four members of the third company or dis-
trict of Rochester.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble serv.
JACOBUS VAN WAGENEN.
To the Honourable the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Mr. Harpur recommending Lieut. Drake.]
Fishkill, March 4, 1777.
Sir — The bearer, Mr. Jno. Drake, son to our worthy
member, having been a first lieut. in Genl. Scott's Bri-
gade, and having a good recommendation from him, I
freely approve of his being appointed a captain in Col.
Duboys's regimenl,or in any other, should there happen to
be a vacancy. You will be pleased therefore to reckon me
as voting for him.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
ROBT. HARPUR.
To Robert Yates, Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Henry Fisher, at Poughkeepsie, wanting permission to go
to New- York.]
Poughkeepsie, March 5, 1777.
Gentlemen — The sole motive of my application to the
Convention, is to obtain leave to withdraw to the city of
New-York with my family and effects, in order to embark
for England, my native country, to secure my interest
there, as almost my whole fortune is in the hands of the
English government.
Should I take part in the present political controversy,
my estate in England would be lost beyond redemption.
But why need I use arguments on this head to a body, so
well versed in public affairs ? they are, they must be need-
less. Gentlemen, I appeal to your judgments for the truth
of my assertion.
My case being thus stated, I cannot but entertain the
strongest hopes of getting leave to remove ; a favour which
will demand my warmest acknowledgments. My resi-
dence in this country during the present war cannot be of
any essential service to the American cause, as I am per-
sonally unfit for military service ; of an infirm, tottering
constitution.
Gentlemen, your judgment in this affair, is of the high-
est importance to me. It is for you to say, whether I am
to be reduced from a comfortable state of plenty and ease,
to the disagreeable alternative of low circumstances, per-
haps poverty. I am, however, happy in waiting the opin-
ion of men of learning, men of liberal and generous sen-
timents, who in this instance have it amply in their power
to manifest their humanity to a person in my critical situ-
ation.
I shall now rest the matter with the Honourable the
Convention, entreating their favourable decision.
I am, with profound respect, gentlemen,
Unfeignedly yours,
THOMAS FISHER.
To the Honourable the House of Convention of the
State of New-York, assembled at Kingston, in
the county of Ulster.
[Colonel Lasher's recommendation of Benjamin and John Gilbert.]
Wallkill, near Ward'<i Bridge, March 1, 1777.
Benjamin Gilbert, sergeant of the company of grena-
diers, and John Gilbert, private of the same in my regi-
ment, have faithfully served the time of their enlistment as
good soldiers, and have behaved well during the lime ; I
would recommend them as subalterns in any regiment, as
I have no service for them myself.
JOHN LASHER.
[A letter from Egbert Benson and Melancton Smith, commissioners at
Fishkill.]
Fishkill, March 5, 1777.
Sir — In the course of our inquiries, we have discovered
that almost in every quarter of the country, the estates of
persons now with the enemy, are daily sold and wasted
without any method taken to secure them, either for the
public or their creditors.
Although this is a matter not within our department, we
notwithstanding, conceived it our duty to communicate
this information to the Convention ; and must leave them
to direct such measures as they shall think most expedient.
We remain with respect,
Your very huml. servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
MELANCTON SMITH,
Comrs.
To the Honble. Abraham Ten Broeck, Esqr.
President of the Convention of New- York.
[Letter from James Mease, at Morris Town.]
Morris Town, March 5, 1777.
Gent. — I had the honour of addressing you the 7th ult.
relative to the clothing which had been sent for this army;
of which, I had been informed, some considerable part
had been stopped by you or some other authority, for the
use of the troops of your State. As the greatest uncer-
tainty and confusion arises from the want of accounts of
what halh been kept, I flattered myself you would have
ordered the proper person to have furnished me with the
necessary information, as soon as you conveniently could.
I beg leave again to remind you of it ; and request vou
will please to send receipts, by wiiich I may be enabled
to know whether the remainder of the goods have been
received or not. I should be glad to have your assistance
and concurrence in conducting the clothing department,
as far as it may relate to your Stale ; and as it is my duty
to appoint agents for the several States, to purciiase all
such necessaries in that branch as the Stales severally
408
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
afford, I should be glad to have your advice, lest if I
should employ any one wilhoul consulting your Body,
there may be a destructive coinpelilion between the pur-
chasers. To avoid this evil, I requested the favour of
your Body to nominate sue!) persons as you thought most
suitable for the business ; and, as it is of considerable im-
portance, I should like to hear from you on that head as
speedily as possible.
With due respect, I am, gent.
Your most obt. hble. servt.
JAMES MEASE, Clr. Genl
Honble. Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Peter Colt, at New-Haven.]
New-Haven, March 11, 1777.
Sir — Sometime last Jan'ry,I wrote a letter to Mr, Duer,
(supposing him to be the president of the Ilonl. Con-
vention of your Slate,) upon public business ; but have
received no answer. I have since understood that Mr.
Duer was not President of the Convention ; so conclude
the letter was never laid before the House ; shall therefore,
subjoin the substance of that Idler, and beg you to com-
municate it to your Honourable Body.
"You may doubtless recollect that the goods taken by
Capt. Rogers in the Montgomery and Capt. Pond in the
Schuyler, and carried into Fire-Island inlet, were, by order
of your State, transported across the island to Hunling-
ton, and there stored; and that upon the enemy's taking
possession of the island, those goods fell into their hands
again. After Rogers and Pond quitted their station and
came round into the Sound, they, together with Capt.
Clark in the schooner Mifffin, went over to Huntington
and brought off a small quantity of those goods, and land-
ed them at Milford, in this State. Some time after the
goods were brought to Milford, Mr. Josh. Hallett came
here as agent for the Stale of New-York, with orders to
fit the Montgomery for a cruise ; and also to put in a claim
for part of those goods that were retaken. But as the
court of admiralty were not to meet before December,
Mr. Halleit desired me to assist Capt. Rogers in filling
the sloop for sea ; and also to lay claim to those goods, in
behalf of Capt. Rogers and vessel, whenever the trial
should come on. He further directed me to call on his
brother, Mr. Natl. Hazard, for what money I might want
to fit the Montgomery for a cruise, and to pay the nett pro-
ceeds of the sales of the prize goods to him. I accord-
ingly applied to Mr. Hazard, who furnished me with nine-
ty-six pounds L. M. in part of the sloops account. I have
now, further to inform you sir, that the goods were all
condemned as lawful prize, and are sold for the benefit of
owners and captors ; but that a difficulty has arisen about
the distribution of the money. Capt. Rogers, it seems,
took with him in the sloop, three negro men belong-
ing to one of the prizes, also, twenty-two new muskets,
and 2h pieces heavy duck, (valued at £238 10s. lawful
monev,) which Capt. Pond insists should be charged to
Capt. Rogers, as so much of his share. As I was uncer-
tain whether your Slate would justify Capt. Rogers in ta-
king those negroes to sea with him, (though I am informed
they were excellent seamen, and he stood in great need of
such, being short handed,) have refused to be accountable
for them, until I can hear from the Convention of your
State. I beg your speedy instruction in this mailer, as
Capt. Pond's people are clamorous for their money, and
accuse me of unjustly keeping them out of their dues.
Mr. Hazard also, wanls his money replaced."
I have hitherto prevented a division, but shall not be
able to keep it off much longer ; must therefore beg your
immediate instructions by which to regulate my conduct
in settling this business.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect,
Your most obi. huml. servt.
PETER COLT.
The Honl. Ten Broeck, Esquire.
A monthly Muster Roll of Capt. John A. BradCs Com-
pany of Rangers.
Cnnimisainncd, Non-commi> Time of Enlistment,
■lulled ufliccii, unil piivates
names.
Capt. John A. Bradt
Lt. John B. T. iVlersailes
Ll. Waller Swils,
Matthew Lyne
Henry A. Cartwright,. . .
John Beadle,
John Quack, junr
William Baker,
William Lighlhall,
John Vedder,
John G Quack, ,
Gerardus Quack,
Nicholas Bovie,
Joseph Bale,
John Bovie
Alexader Monroe,
John McGinnis,
Walter Barret,
John S. Lamsing,
Richard Kain,
Ahasuerus Christianse,. .
Gcrril Spilzer,
Andrics Bradt,
Barney Kelley,
Marlin Van Benlhuysen,
Adam Shades,
Joseph Slade,
John Ten Eyck,
James McAuley,
Joseph Palmalier,
Elias Groot,
William Hall,
John Jaquish,
William Palmalier
John Callighan,
Isaac Knap,
James Thomas,
Gilbert Hart,
Marlinus V. DeWerken,
Bartholomew McNeil,..
Jacobus Quack,
David While,
Adam Ketlle,
James Liehthall,
Lancaster Lighihall,
Cornelius Van Ness, . . . ,
George Wagerraan,.
Samuel Stevens,
John Willis,. . .
Paul Bowhern, .
John Slagg, . . .
Daniel McDaniel,.
Abraham Cooper, ,
Edward Early, ...
When left tlie »ervice, and for
what reimuo.
1776,
Augt.
10
(1
II
10
i(
Deer.
4
(1
Aagt.
16
((
Seplr.
5
i(
Octr.
4
ti
Seplr.
2
1777,
Janrv,
6
1776,
Septr.
17
K
((
17
((
((
5
tl
Augt.
25
a
Septr.
4
It
Augt.
31
It
11
31
It
Septr.
2
II
II
5
it
It
.5
II
II
9
II
It
14
II
It
24
II
It
26
II
It
10
II
It
5
II
It
20
1777,
Janry.
I
1776,
Septr.
14
It
Oclr.
5
II
It
7
II
It
10
18
II
It
31
II
Novr.
20
it
Deer.
5
II
It
3
It
Augt
20
II
Novr.
7
11
Deer.
5
II
17
It
II
18
II
IC
26
It
11
28
1777,
Janry.
22
CC
II
16
it
II
22
1776,
Deer.
24
1777,
Janry.
24
Entered as 2d Lieut in
Capt. Wolcols company,
Collo. Warner's regi-
ment the 3 March, 1777.
' Febry.
1776, Augt.
1777, Janry.
1776, Augt
Enlisted 4th March, 1777,
in Capt. Cop's company.
Enlisted the 4th March,
1777, in Capt. Cop's com-
pany.
Enlisted 4lh March, J777,
in Capt. Cop's company.
Enlisted 3d March, in Lt
John Welch's company.
Enlisted 3d March, in Lt.
16 j John Welch's company.
6|Enlisted 3d March, in Lt.
I John Welch's company.
13 Deserled 19 Janry. 1777,
rejoined the company,
25ih February.
221 Deserted 4th February,
1777.
20,Discharged 4th March,
I 1777, being unfit for duly.
[Letter from Capt Bradt covering his muster roll.]
Schenectady, IStk March, 1777.
Gentlemen — Agreeable to my instructions from the
Honourable Convenlion of the State of New- York, enclosed
I send you my monihly muster roll, whereby you may
judge of the stale of my company, the 5th instant.
I am, gentlemen.
Your obt. hum. servant,
JOHN A. BRADT.
The Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York, in Kingston.
[Letter from Henry Godwin. "J
Fishkilt, March 17 Ih, 1777.
Sir — I am just this minule about going to Fort Mont-
gomery, when I shall be back I cannot tell ; therefore I
would beg Mr. McKesson to remind the committee of ar-
rangement of the appointment of Lieut. Rosa, as he can be
of a great service to my company in filling of it up. I have
had a talk to Coll. Dirck Brinckerhoff, and he lells me that
it is a fault in the Convention that he hath turned me out
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
409
of doors ; for he says that if I had stayed at home and not
gone in the service he would have hked me much better ;
but I had no authority to let any of the members as much
as lodge in the house. He tells me that it was them that
did the mischief and no one else.
But oh, poor man ! I make no doubt but that the Con-
vention, or some person for them, will have the sale of his
lands yet ; for sure I am, that he will take protection if
the enemy comes up, for a greater tory never lived.
My two little girls and Poll went into inoculation yes-
terday ; the remainder of the family are well. Be pleased,
if Lieut. Rosa is appointed, to let me know.
I beg you will let me know, by every opportunity, the
state of affairs. We have no news in this place at all.
My compliments to Mr. Benson and all friends.
From your most obt. humble servt.
HENRY GODWIN.
To John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from the committee of the Precinct of Newburjh, and report of
of the committee to whom it was referred.]
In Committee for the Precinct of Newburgh. ?
March lltli, 1777. 5
Gentlemen — We trust you are not altogether strangers
to the nest of lories which has (since the troublesome times,)
invested this precinct in particular. The necessary pre-
cautions, however, heretofore taken for curbing their inso-
lence has humbled some, while a number of others, not
being able to retain their venom, have gone over to the ene-
my and left their families with us, who being chiefly women
and children, speak the language of their absconded hus-
bands or parents. But in the midst of our trouble with
those rebels, we are greatly satisfied to hear that their
leader, the mischievous Major Colden, is apprehended and
secured ; but still every day seems to bring along with it
new jealousies of tlieir rebellious mlentions ; for numbers
of those who are gone off have left behind them at their
farms near the river, large crops of wheat and other grain,
and as they refuse selling it at any rate, no doubt their in-
tentions are to reserve it for the enemy, as many of them
boldly say that they expect the shipping up daily. It is
not only those, but many others who are not gone off, no
doubt act upon the same principle, as they refuse in like
manner to part with their grain, &c. We are, therefore,
humbly of opinion that some measures ought to be taken
by youi' Honourable House for removing those stores, which
without the least doubt are laid up for the enemy ; and as
many of them are so nearly situated by the river that in
case of the enemy's shipping coming up, they might soon
remove such stores on board. If so severe a measure as
the removing the families of these deserted tories within
the enemy's lines and seizing their effects for the use of
the State, should not be thought prudent, though there re-
mains no doubt in our minds of the justice of it, yet we
humbly conceive it for the safety and good of the cause,
that such persons ought at least to be obliged to remove
their effects some considerable distance back from the river,
as the season now approaches in which there is some rea-
son to fear the enemy may attempt our shore. We do not
mean to dictate, but firmly rely on your wisdom and pru-
dence for our common safety ; but as we are very sensible
that through the multiplicity of business, every necessary
matter may not occur to your minds, we have thought pro-
per to make mention of ihose matters as worthy your notice,
and should you agree with us in opinion, we make no doubt
you will order what is necessary to be done in the premi-
ses ; and are,
Gentlemen, with due respect,
Your most humble servts.
By order of the committee.
THOS. PALMER, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Vol. II.] 103
Your committee to whom was referred Colo. Palmer's let-
ter, beg leave to report the following resolves :
Resolved, That Mr. He nry Sclienck, assistant commis-
sary, be directed to order his deputies to purchase all the
wheat and flour in any public or private store in Newburgh
and New Marlborough precincts, which may be within one
mile of Hudson's river, they paying the current price for the
same.
Resolved, That the several committees within said dis-
tricts are hereby empowered and directed to make strict
inquiry, whether any person or persons within one mile of
Hudson's river have engrossed stores, or raised any greater
quantity of provisions than said committee may judge ne-
cessary for their own use ; and if any such should be found
who shall refuse to sell the same at the current price, that
the said committee order the same to be removed to some
place of safety at the expense of the owner.
COLO. DE WITT,
CAPT. PLAT T,
COLO. ELLISON,
Committee.
[Letter from Herman Hoffman, at Rhinebeck.]
Rhincheck Precinct, March 17, 1777.
Sir — I am directed to enclose you an affidavit, sworn to
by John Staats, against Reyer Schermerhorn for depreciat-
ing the Continental paper currency. As the committee
are not informed of a proper mode of proceeding against a
delinquent of that nature, or know not whether they are
authorized to take any step in the matter, they have con-
cluded to lay it before your Honourable Body.
I am, with the greatest respect,
Your most obedient liumlj. servt.
HERMAN HOFFMAN.
To the President of the Honourable
Convention of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from John Hancock, Esq. President, in Congress at Phila-
delphia.]
In Congress Chamber, ?
Philadelphia, March 11, 1777. J
Resolved, (as the opinion of the representatives of eight
of the United Stales now convened at the Stale House in
Philadelphia,) That the critical state of our affairs requires
the immediate meeting of Congress, and that the President
be, and he is hereby requested to send a message by express
to the Delegates of the Delaware State, and another to the
Delegates of the State of New- York, desiring their attend-
ance in Congress, lhat for want thereof the business of the
Continent may no longer be delayed.
Gentlemen — In consequence of the foregoing resolve,
I am most earnestly to request you will be pleased to give
your attendance in Congress at this place as speedily as
possible ; our affairs require immediate attention, and it is
absolutely necessary there should be a full representation ;
I therefore hope to have the pleasure of seeing you here
immediately. I am much hurried ; can only add, that
I am, with much esteem, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Honourable Delegates in Congress
from New- York.
[Letter from John Sloss Hobart.]
Kingston, March II, 1777.
Gentlemen, — Having been informed that there is a
vacant majority in one of the battalions raising in this Stale,
I take the liberty to recommend to you Mr. Nicholas Fish
410
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCUL CONGRESS, &c.
who served as Major of brigade to Genl. Scott, for that
post, as a brave active officer and a good discipUnarian.
I am your most obedt. scrvt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
To the Committee of Arrangements.
[Letters from William Harper, at Cherry Valley.]
Cherry Valley, 10th March, 1777.
Sir, — You are requested to proceed to the Sulpliur
springs in this neighborhood and explore thetri, for which
purpose you are to employ such help and assistance as
you may want ; and to search for black lead, and also to
repair to the lead mines, at Vanalslins creek, near the
Mohawk river, and explore and make assays on all the
above articles, accorditig to your skill in chemistry. And
from lime to time, with all convenient speed to make re-
port of your proceedings and success, and if you have a
good prospect in the article of s\ilphur, you may send the
terms, to the Convention or committee, on which you will
undertake to manufacture the same ; and an estimate of
the expense which will be necessary to carry the same into
cfl'ect. And you will keep an exact account of the ex-
pense you are at in your business and proceedings, and
when you have occasion for more money, you may draw
on the Convention or committee, for exploring and making
assays on lead, sulphur, flints, and black lead for such
further sums as you may stand in need of, to the amount
of three hundred dollars, until you make some important
discovery, and receive further instructions from the Con-
vention or the committee.
WILLIAM HARPER.
To Mr. Casper Slondet, Chemist at Cherry Valley.
Sir — If you are at a loss for assistance in any matters
or materials, you may apply to the district committee, who
will assist you in what you may stand in need of, and the
Convention of the State of New-York will defray those
expenses.
WILLIAM HARPER.
[Col. Cortlandt's letter, and copy of resolves of Congress.]
Fish Kill, March 9, 1777.
Dear Sir, — As it is become highly necessary that the
rank of the officers of the New-York forces, now in the
service of the United States, should be settled, in particu-
lar between Colo. Henry B. Livingston and me, as we may
soon be ordered on one command ; and as Colo. Livings-
ton has produced several resolves of Congress, whereby
he flatters himself to take the command not only of me
but also of all the officers in this State, (Col. Van Schaack
excepted.) I have taken the liberty to enclose you a copy,
and must humbly beg leave to observe,
That I received from Congress a commission, dated the
30th day of June, 1775, appointing me heut. colo. of the
fourth New-York regiment, and Colo. Livingston about the
same time appointed Captain, consequently under my
command.
That it appears by a resolve of Congress, the 8th of
March, 1776, Colo. Livingston was appointed lieut. colonel
of the second battalion, New-York forces, and I again ap-
pointed lieut. colo. of the fourth, which would have given
him rank of me provided I had not been lieut. colo. before ;
but that being the case, and Congress, (as I was soon after
informed,) being reminded of it in a letter from the Con-
vention of New-York, sent them in consequence of my ob-
jections to the appointments, thought proper to pass the en-
closed resolve, of the 22d of the same month; with which
being satisfied, as I am persuaded Congress then intended
I should hold my rank of Colo. Livingston, I accepted the
command, and have to this day held rank of him. He at
no time, (until very lately,) pretending to dispute it with rae.
Wherefore,! humbly conceive it no more than equitable that
my rank should be continued, which I flatter myself is obvi-
ous to the committee of arrangements, to whom I beg leave
to submit this, hoping soon to have an answer.
I remain dear sir, with all due respect,
Your most obet. and very hurnl. servant,
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
P. S. The officers will be exceedingly happy if they
could have their commissions sent them, as we do not know
how soon we may be called to action.
[Geo. Clinton's account against the State of New- York, for serviceB ia
the Continental Congress.]
The State of Neui-Vork, Dr.
To Gener.^l C'LifrroN.
To attendance in Continental Concress, at Pliiladephia,
from the lOlh of May, 1775, till the 8ih of August fol-
lowing, including hve days travelling there, and six
days returning home, makes in the whole ninety-one
days. In this time I was about ten days at home, being
advised by some of my colleagues to repair to New-
York, to forward the raising of the troops ordered in
the State of New-York, which being deducted, leaves
eighty-one days, at '32s X 129 12 0
To do. from the 10th March, 177f;, to the 4th May, 1776,
including six days travelling there, and five returning
home, makes fifty-six days, at 32s 89 12 0
To do. from the Gth June, 1776, till July 12th, including
live days goin?, and six days reluming, makes thirty-
seven days, at 32s 59 4 0
Errors excepted. X 278 8 0
GEO, CLINTON.
Neiv-Windsor, Ath Dec. 1776.
Your committee for auditing accounts have examined
the above account, and are of opinion that there be allowed
to General George Clinton, for the same, the sum of two
hundred and seventy and eight poimds, ei^ht shillings.
MAT. ADGATE,
ALEXR. WEBSTER,
BENJ. NEWKERK.
March Uih, 1777.
[Letter from Govt. Morris covering several affidavits relative to the
treatment of the prisoners by the British army.]
Kingston, 12th March, 1777.
Sir — By the Convention of the State of New-York I
was ordered to prepare a narrative of the conduct of the
British officers and troops towards the American prisoners
and inhabitants, and to collect affidavits ■'"or that purpose ; I
had been so constantly employed in other business before
the receipt of your favour of the 23d Jany. which we re-
ceived three days ago, that I had made no progress in one
part of the business committed to me, and very little of the
other; at present our session at this place is so much out
of the road of information that it will be impracticable to
collect any thing of importance. Agreeable to the orders
of Convention, I take the liberty to enclose to you the few
affidavits I have taken, and beg leave, to do myself the
honour of saying, that
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your most obedt. and humble servant,
GOUV. MORRIS.
To Saml. Ch.^se. Esqr.
[Affidavits referred to in the foregoing letter.]
[Affidavit of Robert Troup.]
Dutchess County, ss : — Robert Troup, Esquire, late
lieutenant in Colo. Lasher's battalion of militia, being duly
sworn upon the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, de-
poseth and saith, that he, this deponent, about three
o'clock in the morning of the twenty-seventh day of August
last, was made a prisoner of war on Long island, by a de-
tachment of the British troops ; that deponent, together
with Lieutenant Dunscombe, Adjutant Hooglandt and two
volunteers, were carried immediately to the main body of
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
411
the British army, and interrogated by the generals of the
same ; tliat lliey were there llireatened with being hung for
entering into the Annerioan service ; that from thence iliey
were led to a house near Flat Bush ; that several of the
British officers caine there, by whom they were grossly in-
sulted ; that about nine o'clock in the morning they were
led in the rear of the army to Bedford ; that while there,
deponent, with seventeen other officers who had been made
prisoners that morning, were confined under the provost
guard, in a small soldiers' lent ; in which, they were left
two nights and near three days ; that it rained very hard
during the greater part of the" time, and the prisoners were
obliged by turns to go out of the tent, there not being suf-
ficient room for them to slay within il ; thai about sixty
private soldiers were also kept prisoners at the same place,
having also one lent, and only one, lo shelter them from the
weather ; that while dej)onent was confined at Bedford, he,
together with the officers ivilh him, were much abused and
treated with the grossest language by almost all the British
officers, and in their presence by the British soldiers ; that
the provost marshall, one Cunnmgham, brought with him
a negro with a halter, telling them the negro had already
hung several, and that he imagined he would hang some
more, and that the negro and Cunningham also insulted
the prisoners shewing them the halter, and in like man-
ner with the British officers and soldiers, calling ihem
rebels, scoundrels, villains, robbers, murderers and so forth ;
that from Bedford the deponeni and the other prisoners
were led to Flat Bush, where they were confined a week in
the house of Mr. Jjcfferls, and kept upon a very short allow-
ance of biscuit and salt pork ; that several of the Hessian
soldiers while they were cotffined at Flat Bush, look pity
upon their situation and gave ihem some apples, and at
one lime some fresh beef, which much relieved them ;
that from Flat Bush, deponent, with between seventy and
eighty officers who were prisoners there, were put on board
a small snow lying between Gravesend and the Hook,
which had been employed in bringing cattle from England ;
that they were kepi on board the said snow six weeks, and
obliged 10 lay upon the dung and filth of the cattle without
any bedding or blankets ; that during their slay in the said
snow, observing an old mainsail which lay on the quarter
deck, the prisoners begged the captain to permit them to
take it into the hold and lie upon il, which request was re-
fused with much opprobrious language, the captain damn-
ing them for a pack of rebels, and telling them the hold
was good enough for such scoundrels ; that while on board
the said snow they were much afflicted with lice and other
vermin ; that the prisoners applied for soap and fresh wa-
ter to wash their clothes but were refused ; that while
they were confined in the said snow they were obliged to
drink slinking water which had been brought with them
from England, and when they asked for better ihey were
told it was good enough for rebels ; that during their slay
on board the said snow they were allowed only six ounces
of pork and a pint of flour, or the same proportion in bis-
cuit for each man ; that they were obliged to dress all their
food with their stinking water above mentioned ; and for a
considerable lime were obliged to wail until all the ship's
crew had eaten their breakfast and dinner before they were
allowed to dress their victuals; that during their confine-
ment, having procured a liule money from their friends,
they employed the captain of the transport to go on shore
and purchase necessaries for them, which he refused to do
without a very large commission, charging them fifteen
coppers for a loaf of bread ; that from ihc transport ihcy
were brought to the city of New-York, and confined in a
house near Bridewell, where they were kept upon the
same short allowance as they had been on board the trans-
port, with the addition of one ounce of butter per week,
and a little rice for each man, procured at the request of
Govr. Skcene, as deponent was informed ; that when the
prisoners were fust brought to the said city they were not
I allowed any fuel, and afterwards only a small quantity of
coal, which did not suffice ihem more than three days out
of a week ; that during their continuance in New- York,
the allowance of provisions was dealt out very negligently,
and irom the scantiness and quality, and the bad slate of
health ihey laboured under, he doth verily believe that most
of ihem would have died if they had not been supported
by the benevolence of some poor persons and common
prostitutes, who took pity of iheir miserable situation and
alleviated it ; that the prisoners were continued in confine-
ment at New-York until a short time after the taking of
Fort Washington, when ihey were allowed to walk about
the town ; that deponeni understood from several persons
that the jDrivales who were prisoners in the city of New-York
were uniformly treated with great inhumanity ; that they
were kept in a slaiving condition, without fuel or the com-
mon necessaries of life ; that they were obliged lo obey the
calls of nature in the respective places of their confine-
ment, and from disease and want of care and attention,
and by the mere dint of hard usage died daily in great
numbers, so thai of the prisoners who had been taken on
Long island, near one-half have died. And this deponent
further saith that while he was as aforesaid confined on
board the said transport, Brigadier-Genl. Woodhull was
also brought on board in a shocking mangled condition ;
that deponent asked the General the particulars of his cap-
ture, and was told by ihe said General that he had been
taken by a parly of light horse under the command ofCapt.
Oliver JJelancey ; that he was asked by the said captain
if he would surrender ; that he answered in the affirmative,
provided he would treat him like a gentlemen, which Captn.
Delancey assured him he would, whereupon the General
delivered his sword, and that immediately after, the said
Oliver Delancey, junr. struck him, and others of ihe said
parly imitating his example, did cruelly hack and cut him
in the manner he then was ; thai although he was in such
a mangled and horrid situation, he had nevertheless been
obliged lo sleep on the bare floor of the said transport, if
a lieutenant of the man of war who guarded the trans-
port, had not lent him a matrass ; that Genl. Woodhull
was afterwards carried to the hospital in the church of
New Utrecht where he perished, as deponent was on good
authority informed, through want of care and necessaries ;
and further this deponent saith not.
ROB. TROUP.
Sworn the 17th Jany. 1777, )
before me, >
Gouv. Morris.
[Henry Franklin's affirmation of the treatment of prisoners &c. by the
British Army.]
Dutchess County, ss : — Henry Franklin being one of the
people called Quakers, doth solemnly declare and affirm,
lhal he, this affirmant, about two days after the taking of
Fort Washington, was in the city of New-York, that he
went to the church called the North church within the said
city, in which about eight hundred prisoners were confined
who had been taken in the said fort ; that affirmant inquir-
ed into the treatment of the said prisoners, who told him
they fared hard both on account of provision and lodging,
for that they were not allowed any bedding or blankets,
and the provision not being regularly dealt out, those who
were modest and backward could get little or none. That
they also informed affirmant, that they had not yet been
allowed any fuel lo dress their victuals. That affirmant
was told that the prisoners in New- York were very sickly
and died in considerable numbers ; and this aflirmaiit fur-
ther saith, that after the taking of New-York, he resided
about four months on Nassau or Long island, and luid there-
fore good opportunity of observing the treatment of the
inhabitants by the soldieis ; that in general no diflercnce
was made bclwcen the whigs and lories, excepting such of
the former as had been in olBcc, who were for the most
412
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
part very hardly used by being plundered, imprisoned and
the like. That the inliabiianis in general were obliged to
part wilh whatever the army wanted, siicii as grain, forage,
&c. for which as affirmant iiath been informed they are
honestly paid, but that nevertlieless, their property sulTers
considerably for want of the articles which have been so
taken from them. That afiirmant understood that the Bri-
tish army, particularly the Hessians and Waldeckers, after
they first landed, were very sickly and died in great num-
bers. And further this deponent sailh not.
HENRY FRANKLIN.
Taken before me tiie 16th day )
of January, 1777. $
GouvR. Morris.
[Deposition ol Adolph Myer.]
Dutchess County, ss : — Adolph Myer of the township of
Harlem, late of Col. Lasher's Regiment in the New-York
forces, being duly sworn deposeth and sailh, that he was
made prisoner by the British army at the attack on Mont-
ressor's island, and made his escape on the 24lh day of
January last. That when he was first taken, he was con-
fined in the new jail of the city of New-York, after that in
the college, and then in the new Dutch church. That
during the whole time of his confinement, he was treated
with great inhumanity, and believes he should have died if
he had not been supported by his friends in the city ; that
the allowance to the prisoners was only one loaf for six
days' of the bread which had been left upon the evacuation
of New-York, and which had been made for an allowance
of three days, one quart of pease, half a pint of rice and
one and a half pounds of pork for six days. That when
he was first taken, he was confined four days upon bread
and water, in the condemned hole of the jail without either
bedding or straw to lie on. That many of the prisoners
died from want ; that no care was taken of the sick ; that
when any of the prisoners died they were thrown at the
door of the place where they were confined, and lay there
until the next day, when ihey were put upon a cart or
wagon and drawn out to the entrenchments beyond the
Jew's burial ground, where they were interred by the other
prisoners who were conducted hither for that purpose ;
that the dead were thrown into a hole promiscuously to-
gether, without any of the usual rites of sepulture ; that
during his confinement he was frequently enticed to enlist
among the British troops ; that when he was first taken
they threatened twice to hang him, and had a rope fixed to
a tree for that purpose; that he was then conducted to
Gen. Howe's house, formerly the house of James Beek-
man Esq. near Turtle Bay, and was there pinioned by the
General's command, and remained in that situation till the
afternoon of the following day, when he was confined in
the new jail as aforesaid. That numbers of the prisoners
were reduced to such a degree of wretchedness as to at-
tract the compassion of the common prostitutes of the town
fi'om whom they received considerable assistance, and were
by that means preserved from destruction, and further this
deponent saith not.
ADOLPH MYER.
Sworn this 5th day of February, )
1777, before me. >
GouvR. Morris.
[Letter from Henry B. Livingston.]
Fish Kill, March 7, 1777.
Gentlemen — From some things dropt in conversation
wilh some of the members of your Board, I thought I had
reason to fear a mistake in ascertaining the rank of the
colonels appointed for this State, that might be detrimental
to my character as an officer. To prevent so disagree-
able a circumstance, I despatched a gentleman to Baltimore
for the enclosed resolves which I had been informed were
passed in Congress. You will doubtless sec an impropri-
ety in my sciving under ati officer of whom Congress have
determined I should take rank, as it is an affront I would
not willingly offer those to whom I have so many obli-
gations.
I am gent.
With the greatest respect,
Your most obedt. hum. servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON.
[Resolves of Congress.]
In Congress, January Ath, 1776.
Resolved, That in all elections of officers by Congress,
where more than one are elected on the same day to com-
mands of the same rank, they shall take rank of each other
according to their election, and the entry of their names in
the mmuies and their commissions shall be numbered, to
show their priority.
Extract from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
March 22d, 1776.
Resolved, That the rank of all such officers in the Con-
tinental army as held similar commissions in that service
before the term of their late appointment expired, be settled
by the dates of their former, and not their present com-
missions.
Extract from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
N. B. This passed to settle a dispute between officers
of the same rank, where one who was prior by the date of
his first commission was put posterior to another in the new
appointment, both still holding the same rank ; but was not
to have any effect in cases of promotion, Congress having
reserved and exercised the power of promoting merit with-
out regarding prior rank.
In Congress, March 8th, 1776.
Henry B. Livingston is elected lieutenant-colonel of the
2d battalion of New-York forces, and by the order in which
he stands, takes rank of Lieut. Col. Wiesenfels and Lieut.
Col. Corllandt, appointed on the same day.
CHAS. THOMSON.
[Letter from Leonard Bleecker.]
Kingston, March 29th, 1777.
Gent. — I am highly sensible of the honor you have done
me in the appointment which you have thought proper to
give me, and can only beg the favour of you to remove me
into Colo. Livingston's regiment, there being a vacancy
occasioned by the promotion of Capt. Jonathan Piercy,
who is appointed in the artillery. The connection I have
with the officers of that regiment, induces me to solicit
your compliance, which shall ever be acknowledged as a
singular instance of your great goodness,
I am, wilh the greatest respect.
Your most obedt. and very humble servt.
LEONARD BLEECKER.
To the Hon. Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from the Ulster County Committee expressing their surprise
that the Tory committee should discharge any person they send to
them. J
In Committee for the County of Ulster, ?
New-Pallz, \2th February, 1777. J
Gentlemen — Some time ago there were certain letters
detected in this county which were delivered to tfie com-
mittee appointed by your Honourable House for inquiring
into, detecting and defeating conspiracies within this Stale,
by Mr. Schoonmaker, clerk of this committee. Those let-
ters were directed to John Elmendorph and Peter Etlingen,
both in Kingston, without any signature, and covering a
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
413
copy of Genl. Howe's proclamation. It appears by copies
of said letters, to this committee, very suspicious that those
gentlemen were concerned in a correspondence with some
person or persons who are enemies to the liberties of Ame-
rica, as they covered the aforesaid proclamation, and treated
of things to which the writer was afraid to subscribe his
name.
Farther it was proved before this committee some time
ago, that a certain Abraham Brinckerhoff, late of New-
York, but now in Kingston, was exceeding industrious in
propagating a certain seditious paper calculated to disunite
the good people in this county from a strict adherence to
the cause of liberty, in which we have the happiness to be
nearly united ; on which this committee resolved to have
the said Abraham Brinckerhoff apprehended and conveyed
to the committee already named ; this was accordingly
done ; but our chairman, from unavoidable incidents, of
which he hath informed us, did not send the crime to your
committee as soon as should have been done ; on this,
Brinckerhoff is set at large, of wliich he makes no small
triumph. We cannot possibly conceive the reason why
some men are granted such indulgence on the charge not
immediately appearing against them, when very litlle if any
is given to others. We humbly conceive, with all due defe-
rence to your committee, that when we transmit to them
those persons we conceive are enemies to the common
cause, and they are returned into our bosom again by the
order of the aforesaid committee, that we should be advised
of the terms on which they are set at large, that we may
be enabled in some measure to judge of the expedience in
receiving them into favour again.
We, gentlemen, have the honour to be,
With all due respect.
Your obedt. humble servants.
By order of the committee.
ROBT. BOYD, June. Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention.
[Letter from Jno. R. Bleecker to Matthew Adgate.]
.Albany, 14th March, 1777.
Sir — I received your letter of the 1 1th instant, in answer
to which I can only inform you that I have seen a good
many springs issuing out of a hill called Brimstone hill,
on the side of the road leading to Cherry-Valley, wiiich
bring brimstone on the surface ; also one large spring of
ditto brimstone in the next adjoining tract, called Spring-
field.
Black lead — Mr. Naning Visscher gave me a piece,
which he said he got near Stillwater, on the east side and
near Hudson's river ; if I remember right, he told me it
was dug up in digging a hole to raise a barrack at one
Christian Christianses.
Flint — Tiie best and largest quantity I ever met, was at
a place called Loenenburg, about one mile from the river ;
Lambert Van Loon or his cousin John will be able to show
the ridge of flint if they are asked about the spot where
we found the honey tree or bees' nest. I dont't know of
any lead ; and am
Your humble servt.
JNO. R. BLEECKER.
To Matthew Adgate.
[Letter from Lieut. Col. Marinus Willett.]
Fishkill, March 7th, 1777.
Gentn. — As the money I received for recruiting is dis-
tributed, and several of the officers are in want of money
for the purpose of recruiting, please to order that the bearer,
Captain Jansen, receive jL-'800 to be used as a bounty for
soldiers who shall enlist in the third regiment ordered to be
raised by this State, commanded by Colonel Peter Gansc-
voort.
I am, gent, your most obedient humb. servt.
MARINUS WILLETT, Lt. Col
To the Hon. Convention or Committee of Safety.
[Vol. II.] 104
[Letter from Genl. Scott, on the subject of the report that the enemy
had evacuated New-York.]
Fishkill, March 7th, 1777.
Sir — Since I left Kingston, I was obliged to go to
Peekskill. On my return I received the summons to at-
tend Convention : I should have obeyed it, but I returned
with a heavy cold, which has terminated in an inflammation
of my eyes, one of which is now actually bound up. Upon
conversing with Lieut. Troup, who tells me he is lately
from Kingston, it appears to me that our Committee of
Safety believe the enemy are on the point of evacuating
the city. From a number of concurring testimonies, I am
fully of that opinion. In consequence of which, I resolved
last evening, notwithstanding my indisposition, to set off
this morning for Kingston ; but I now find my eyes so
much inflamed that I am obliged to substitute this letter in
my stead.
If, sir, the evacuation of the city should take place,
should not the State of New-York be ready to take pos-
session of their own capital? Is it not obvious that if the
evacuation should be as complete as imagination can paint,
property to prodigious value, movable properly I mean,
must be left behind ? There can be no doubt of it ; and,
in my opinion, the more ready we are to enter, the more
property will be left. British and tory property will be a
valuable acquisition to the State ; and it is our duly to pre-
serve as much as possible the property of our brethren,
who are now confined in the city. General Wooster and
his Connecticut militia are now within twelve hours' march
of the city. Should an evacuation take place in the pre-
sent circumstances, they will enter first, and we shall have
the mortification to take possession of our capital after it
has been entirely sacked.
If, therefore, our Convention or Committee of Safety
have just grounds to expect a speedy evacuation, I submit
it to their wisdom whether provision should not be imme-
diately made, that the city be first entered under their
authority, and by the subjects of this State. It is evident
that in such case the interest of our unhappy friends will
be secured, and all confiscable property be appropriated to
the benefit of our own State.
Taking things in this point of view, should not a body
of our militia be advanced down towards Fort Indepen-
dence ? In that situation they will be able to anticipate
any designs of the New-England militia. I never solicited
appointment ; but I shall ever solicit the interest of the
State in which I was born, in which I hope to die, and
which it will be my highest ambition to serve while I live.
I flatter myself I could readily collect 1000 of the militia of
this county and Westchester, to be in readiness to move
downwards upon the first notice ; and I should have taken
steps for the purpose, had not my commission expired the
1st instant.
I think some general officer, by authority of our State,
should be appointed for the purpose. I am far from being
solicitous for the appointment. I have no interest of my
own to induce me to be one of the first to enter the city,
should it be evacuated. All my property there wiiich was
in its nature destructible, is already destroyed. Should
the Convention or Committee of Safety think the speedy
evacuation of the city probable, and that such provision
against the event should be made as I have proposed, I
have only to offer my service, upon the express terms of
having no other reward than the pleasure of the service
will afford mc.
If any other general officer should be appointed to tlie
service, I shall be equally happy. If I should be directed
to perform it, I shall expect written authority for the pur-
pose. At all events, should any intimations of an evacua-
tion reach me before I quit this place to attend Convention,
which will be as soon as my indisposition will permit, I
shall as an individual enter the city as soon as possible,
and exert myself to prevent mischief. I send my servant
414
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
express on the subject, and beg his immediate despatch, if
the pubUc business will permit.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
Honourable the President of the Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from George Lindsay, at New- Windsor.]
' Neto-Windsor, March 15, 1777.
Sir — I received your letter, and am much obliged to
you for your recommendation ; and I would have come to
Kingston immediately, but, being employed by the Conti-
nent to find a grindstone quarry for the army, as they are
much wanted. I have found one, and shall set hands to
work, immediately ; therefore I cannot come before I sup-
ply them with what they need.
I am, sir.
Your humble servant,
GEORGE LINDSAY.
Henbt Wisnek, Esqr.
[Recommendation in favour of William Bull.]
Walkill, March I5th, Yin.
Honoured Sir — The bearer, William Bull, desired me
to write to the Convention in favour of him, which I de-
clined, because I thought it would answer no purpose. He
says he is acquainted with Cantine, and begged to be intro-
duced to you. He is one of Dewiii's lieutenants in the
rangers, and desires, if the rangers are broke, to enter into
the Continental service, if there is any room. He is a
man that I believe bears a very good cliaraclcr as a whig
and member of society ; and by what I could find out from
the rangers, is the best liked of their oflScers. If you can
consistently be of service to him, he will, it is likely, get
more of the rangers into the Continental army than any
other.
My family is in tolerable health, only the youngest child,
and tliat is better. If there is an absolute necessity of my
coming, I will come ; but if possible, should be glad to be
at home a little longer.
From, honoured sir,
Your dutiful son,
HENRY WISNER, Junr.
Henry Wisneb, Esqr.
[Letter from Henry B. Livingston, at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, mh March, 1777.
Gentlemen — The delays occasioned by the multiplicity
of business you are engaged in, foreign to the appointment
of officers, has induced his Excellency General Washing-
ton to empower me to fill up the vacancies of subaltern
officers in my regiment.
In consequence, I have appointed Mr. John Titus a
lieutenant, and Mr. Saml. Talmadge an ensign, two worthy
young men. Dr. Graham's son is proposed for another
ensign. I hope these appointments will meet your appro-
bation.
I should be exceedingly obliged to you for the commis-
sions of the officers, as most of them would be averse to
going into any engagement with the enemy without them.
The major who you were pleased to appoint to the regi-
ment has left me, and been absent seven weeks to-morrow,
so that in my opinion he has been taken by the enemy, or
has deserted the service. His departure was against ex-
press orders.
The lieutenant-colonel is still vacant. The remedy for
these evils lies with you. The good of the service at pre-
sent requires me to make a representation of these matters
to you, although I fear I am not so deeply interested in
them as I have been.
I am, gent.
Your most obedt. servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Col.
Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Robert Troup, at Peekskill.]
Peektkill, March 21, 1777.
Gentlemen — I have the honour of informing you that
Brigadier Gen. Knox, of the artillery, was pleased, a few
days ago, to offer me a captain lieutenancy in his corps. As
this commission was more honourable than the one I held
before, I thought proper, upon mature reflection, to accept
it. I hope my conduct in this respect will meet with your
approbation. At the same time, I beg you will accept of
iny sincere thanks for the late appointment you gave me,
in one of the regiments of this Slate. It was, indeed, a
greater reward for the little service I have done my coun-
try than I had a right to expect. I shall, however, make
it my constant study, as it has been already, to render my-
self more worthy of the attention you have always paid
me.
I have the honour, gentlemen, to be.
With the greatest respect.
Your humble servant,
ROBERT TROUP.
Committee of Arrangement.
[Letter from Philip Cortlandt, relative to procuring medicines from
Convention.]
Peekskill, March 17 th, 1777.
Dr. Sr. — I was informed some time past, by the director
of the hospital at Fishkill, that Convention had a quantity
of medicine, which I am much in want of, and know not
where to be supplied, unless I send to Philadelphia. If
Convention should have any, shall be glad if you will be
kind enough to inform me, and procure an order to receive
it; (I would not willingly trouble the Convention without
certainly knowing whether they had any or not.) Your
answer will much oblige him who has the honour to be
Yr. humb. sert.
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
Mr. Mc Kesson.
[Letter from Robert Harpur, relative to the militia carrying off cattle
from Frog's Neck.]
Fishkill, March 6, 1777.
Sir — Capt. Godwin, the bearer, will hand you Mr. Jay's
sentiments and mine, respecting the admission of Lieut.
Rosa into the new establishment.
The captain also requesting to know whether he may
not enlist indented apprentices or servants, or both, is here-
by referred to you for that knowledge. 1 think he may
not, but for want of the resolves of Congress, cannot be
certain.
By a letter from a worthy member at King street, I am
informed, that on the 1st inst. a party of our militia had
taken off Frog's Neck about 1 50 horned cattle, with a large
number of horses ; that in executing this, they had passed
by a vessel of war, within musket shot of her, without re-
ceiving the least interruption ; and that our people there
were in high spirits. Our successful skirmishes in New-
Jersey, you doubtless are better acquainted with than we
are here, as well as the apparent disposition of the enemy
to leave N. York ; therefore I cannot pretend to inform you
as to either.
1 should have been with you ere this time, but on ac-
count of the clothing that has been given out by the com-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
415
miltee, which, to prevent mistakes, I think it my duty to
see delivered into the store ; this, I expect, \vi!l be accom-
plished in a few days now, when 1 shall set off with the
utmost speed for your place.
I have the honour to be, sir,
With great respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
ROBT. HARPUR.
To Rout. Yates, Esqr. Chairman
of the Committee of Arrangement, at Esopus.
[Letter from the Chairman of the Committee of Arrangement of the
District of Rensselaerwick, requesting blank commissions.]
District of Rensselaerwick, 6th March 1777.
Sir — In overlooking the returns from the several regi-
ments in this district, we find a number of officers not
commissioned, occasioned by their promotion, resignation,
death and removal ; therefore apply to your honour, as the
chief officer of this district and county, to procure us about
thirty blanks, which you will please to forward as soon as
your convenience will admit, for which this board promises
to be accountable.
By order.
HENRY QUACKENBOSS,
Chairman.
His Honour Abraham Ten Broeck,
Brigadier General.
[Letter from Alexander Hamilton, relative to the situation of the ar-
tillery company belonging to the State. "|
Morris Town, March 6th, 1777.
Gentlemen — It is necessary I should inform you of the
changes which have happened in your company of artille-
ry, which should have been done long ago, had I not been
prevented by sickness, from which I am but lately reco-
vered.
General Washington has been pleased to appoint me one
of his aid-de-camps. Capt. Lieutenant James Moore, a
promising officer, and who did credit to the State he be-
longed to, died about nine weeks ago. Lieutenant James
Gilliland, some time before that, resigned his commission,
prompted by domestic inconveniences and other motives
best known to himself. There remain now only two offi-
cers, Lieutenants Bean and Thompson, and about thirty
men. The reason that the number of men is so reduced,
besides deaths and desertions, was owing to a breach of
orders in Lieutenant Johnson, who first began the enlist-
ment of the company, and who, instead of engaging them
during the war, according to the intention of the State,
engaged them for the limited term of a twelvemonth. The
lime of those enlisted by him has expired, and for want of
powers to reengage them, they have mostly entered into
other corps.
I have to request you will favour me with instructions
as to your future intentions. If you design to retain the
the company on the particular establishment of the State,
it will be requisite to complete the number of officers, and
make provision to have the company filled by a new enlist-
ment. In this case, I should beg leave to recommend to
your notice, as far as a captain-lieutenancy, Mr. Thomp-
son. Mr. Bean is so incurably addicted to a certain fail-
ing, that I cannot, in justice, give my opinion in favour of
his preferment : but if you should determine to resign the
company, as I expect you will, considering it as an extra-
ordinary burthen, without affording any special advantages,
the Continent will readily take it off your hands, so soon
as you shall intimate your design to relinquish it. I doubt
not you will see the propriety of speedily deciding on the
matter, which the good of the service requires.
I am with the sincerest respect,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and most humble servant,
ALEXANDER HAMILTON.
To the Honourable Convention
of the Slate of New-York.
[Letter from the Chairman of the Tryon County Committee, relative
to the disposal of the persons and property of the tories in the said
county.]
Tbyon County Committee Chamber, >
Jpril 2d, 1777. S
Honourable Gentlemen — Last week General Herk-
heimer having got intelligence of some being on march to
our enemies at Niagara, in the night ordered a watch on
the high road, which effected to stop their passage, and
upon firing upon them, they run and fled back, and lost
their bundles with all their provisions, having been but two,
supposed to be an Indian and a white man. The next day
the said General got two packs of letters of a squaw of the
Canajohary Castle, who found the same not far from the
road on the snow. The said General communicated the
said letters to us, and we thought proper jointly to forward
them for your perusal, whereby you will be convinced of
the mutual correspondence of our disaffected persons now
being with the enemy, with their wives and friends in our
county and back again reciprocally : also we perceive by
the contents of such letters, that our enemies may be ex-
pected certainly this spring in our frontier county ; and
we must remark that no fresh Continental troops are yet
arrived here, but we understand that one regiment of the
troops of our State shall have orders to march up towards
our forts, not yet known where, which will not be suffi-
cient to guard, far less defend our places, where the enemy
can make invasions. To our surprise, we must also hear
to-day that all our rangers are discharged by the Honourable
Convention, in a time at present, when we are in the
most want of their service. We are entirely disappointed
now in sending scouts, which, to prevent the surprise of
scalping or other inimical parties, are entirely necessary ;
and therefore we recommend these conditions and situa-
tions of our county to your serious and mature considera-
tion, with our humble request to succour us, and make
further regulations to the safety of our country.
It is a universal complaint in our county for salt ; and
was petitioned to our board of our constituents for a suc-
cour of that scarce and needful article : we promised to
make application, therefore, to the Honourable Convention.
We beg, that you will endeavour to redress this grievance,
and procure a supply of a quantity of bushels only, to stop
and succour the most necessary want. If no provision of
salt for our county should be soon procured, we don't know
what will be the consequence.
As by these times it is much necessary, that the con-
cealed or hitherto indulgent enemies to the country should
be separated from the friends, and to the best and safety
of our country, should either be secured or expelled out of
the same, it was resolved and ordered some time ago, that
the new association should be tendered to each inhabitant
or resident within our county, from sixteen years of age to
any age upwards ; and whoever would not voluntarily sign
and swear to the same, should be sent to a jail, and further
be dealt with as an enemy to the country. We prosecuted
the said resolve with the approbation of Brigadier-General
Herkheimer, almost through our whole county, and found
good success therewith, by the most part ; but only a few
in number insisted of the approbation of your Honourable
Convention, which we doubtless hope to be granted, and
therefore beg that you will please to favour us with your
opinion by this express, to the satisfaction of the scrupu-
lous and wished augmentation of our friends.
Johnstown and its neighbourhood is the only place still
where the ruin of our coiuitry is not only wished but daily
fabricated if possible. There arc near 500 persons (men,
women and cliildren,) the aged of whom arc all proved ene-
mies, respectively charged witii taking up arms against
us, with enlisting for the service of the enemy, (as we un-
derstand, the most part being sworn to Sir John Johnson
against us,) or supplying the enemy willi provisions, and
conveying intelligence to them, as of the latter the enclosed
letters give clear evidence.
416
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
As such open enemies, agreeable to the resolve of your
Honourable Board, passed March 7tli, 1777, are excluded
of the privileges to associate willi us in future, and to be
cither confuied in close jail, with treatnnent as the open ene-
mies and traitors of this Stale, or to be directed to repair
with their families, apparel and household furniture to N.
York ; this board, therefore, ordered that the said enennies
in Johnstown and its nciglibourhood, be taken up and sent
away out of the country. We shall send them first to
Kingston, there to receive from your Honourable Board
further directions, not doubling that you will prosecute
them as ihey well deserve. We arc fully persuaded that
when this nest of bloodthirsty snares shall be extirpated,
the county and the whole country will be in better safety.
In regard to the land or real estates of the enemies in
our county, we are at a loss how to act, as, if the perso-
nal property of them by your appointed commissioners
will be taken and sold, such estates cannot be managed for
want of horses and other farming utensils : therefore, we
beg for your instructions in this case ; to our best opinion
we judged necessary and to the behalf of the public
that such improvements should be rented out to well af-
fected persons to our cause, and the rents or other issues
thereof deposited, as it is directed by you for the personal
property.
We are, with all respects,
Honourable gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servts.
By order of the committee.
SAML. CLYDE, Chairman.
N. B. There is one letter in the packet, wrote as a me-
morandum, not subscribed, being in 8vo. which is, by our
board supposed almost for certain to be the handwriting of
the Revd. Mr. Stuart, minister of the Mohawk Castle.
To the Honourable Convention
of the Stale of New- York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Tryon County Committee.]
Tryon County, ^pril 7, 1777.
Honourable Gentlemen — At the return of our dele-
gates from your Convention, Isaac Paris and Volkart Vee-
der, Esqrs. we have been informed that the sending of our
inimical persons within our State over the lines to the ene-
my, is stopped by a resolve of our Honourable Contmen-
tal Congress until further orders : We have also, agreeable
to that resolve, countermanded our orders for sending our
enemies of Johnstown and its neighborhood to Kingston ;
but secured the males who could do mischief, in close con-
finement until further orders of Congress, as it is much ne-
cessary to have them close, to prevent their running off to
our foes in Canada, and the fatal consequences thereof.
We have got this day information that Sir John Johnson's
bowmaster went off the night before last with a party of
about thirty in number, again to our enemies in Canada ;
we ordered, immediately after notice, a pursuit after them ;
and also acquainted the commanding officer of Ticondero-
ga, Colo. Wayne, per express, of their escape, being of
opinion that these villains might be perhaps stopped and re-
taken in their route about Crown Point, or somewhere there-
about.
We remain, with humble respect,
Honourable gentlemen.
Your obedt. humble servts.
By order of the committee.
JNO. EISENLORD, Secry.
To the Hon'ble Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from Tryon County Committee.]
Tryon County, April 8th, 1777.
Honourable Gentlemen — Agreeable to your trust and
authority reposed in us by the resolves of your Honourable
Board, sent us, we made a beginning of taking into our
custody the personal property of lories now wiih the ene-
my ; but, considering the circumstances of some families,
whereof the falher is with the enemy acting against us,
and the son being at home lately associated with us, we
do noi know how to proceed thcrewiih. We considered
also the farms, when the horses and farming utensils are
taken and sold, to be in destruction and waste, and no issues
to the public benefit can be expected therefrom ; we
thought therefore necessary to apply to you for your further
instructions in the above mentioned cases, and would be
very glad to be favoured with the same by this express in
return, that our proceedings might not be impeded.
It is our humble opinion that it would be conducive to
the public, if those real estates should be rented out to
well affected persons, and the rents thereof deposited to
the treasury as directed for the personal properties. As
we may meet with difficulties in executing our business,
either by the neighboring Indians or other inimical persons
yet affected to such families to be prosecuted, and to hin-
der or to o])pose the same we should be in want of assis-
tance, we hope that your Honourable Body will grant us the
employ of either Continental troops or militia, (which of
both being nighest at hand,) as much as such necessity
would require, and send us an authority to order or request
the same.
We are always, in humble respects.
Honourable gentlemen.
Your obedt. humble servts.
FREDERICK FISHER,
JOHN EISENLORD.
To the Honourable the Convention of
the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Mat. Adgate, Kingston.L
Kingston, I6th April, 1777.
Sir — Your letter of the 1st instant was duly received.
I am directed to acquaint you that the committee have not
yet had lime to meet on the subject of your letter ; but it
is their desire that you should proceed to erect works to
manufacture sulphur, in such manner as shall in your judg-
ment best answer the purpose intended thereby.
I send you by order of the committee, by the hand of
John Moor, Esq. one hundred dollars, which I hope will
enable you to go on in your business until the committee
make some further determination on that business, which
will be very soon, when they will transmit you a farther
sum to carry on your business. The committee are
acquainted by Mr. Rickey, that the wages of such men as
you will employ to dig ore, cannot be had at the common
rates ; I must leave you to get labourers in the best and
cheapest manner you can.
I am, sir, your most obedient humble servant,
By order of the committee.
MAT. ADGATE, Chairman.
To Mr. Caspeb Slandt, Chemist.
Head Qctartees, >
Peekskill, 16th April, 1777. >
Permission is hereby granted to Captain Peter Corney,
and five other persons mentioned at foot, to go with a flag to
the commanding officer at New- York, to negotiate the
several matters annexed to their respective names.
ALEX. McDOUGALL, B. General
Peter Corney, to obtain an exchange of his furniture and
effects for those of Mr. Benjn. Birdsall, of Oyster Bay,
Nassau island, and Mr. Proctor's for those of Zebulon Sea-
man's of Long island ; Mr. Morris Hazard to obtain leave
to remove his three children and furniture from Newtown.
Elias De Grusha, to inquire into the state of his rela-
tions.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
417
The Rev. Mr. Tatar, to see his wife.
Mr. Peter Mange, to see Lord Underhill on the pur-
chase of a farm.
John Henry, to obtain leave to remove his furniture and
wench from New- York.
To whom it may concern :
I certify, that the family of Benjn. Birdsall, and the fa-
mily of Zebulon Seaman, with their furniture, effects and
provisions, may be permitted to pass to Peekskill, in ex-
change for Peter Corney and Wm. Proctor, with their
famihes, furniture, effects and provisions.
RT. PJGOTT, M. G.
April 16, 1777.
I, the subscriber, do certify that Peter Corney has shewn
me the above permission, and has offered to procure a flag
of truce and escort me and my family to Peekskill, with
my apparel, furniture, effects and provisions, and there de-
liver me to my husband ; but as I find it inconvenient to
remove, not being able to support the expense, and am here
in a state of security, unmolested by the King's troops, I
must decline the offer.
FREELOVE BIRDSALL.
Dated at Oyster Bay, 21 st April, 1777.
Test,
Benjn. Seaman,
Clement Cooke Clarke.
I, the subscriber, do certify that Peter Corney has shewn
me the above permission, and has offered to procure a flag
of truce, and escort me and my family to Peekskill, with
my apparel, furniture, and effects, and provisions, and there
deliver me to my husband ; but as I find it inconvenient to
remove, not being able with what was left me to support
the expense, and am here in a state of security, unmolest-
ed by the King's troops, I must decline the offer.
JEAN SEAMAN.
Hdmpstead, 2lst day of April, 1777.
Test,
Micah Williams,
Jacob Jackson.
I certify this to be a true copy.
RICHD. TALD.
2lst May, 1777.
[Letter from Jona. Trumbull. Esq. at Lebanon.]
Lebanon, 16th April, 1777.
Sir — I have to request of your Convention to return the
cannon they borrowed from this State, or order payment
for the same, that we may be enabled to procure such other
cannon as will be indispensably necessary for the security
of this State. In the present scarcity and great demand
for cannon, it is thought not to be reasonable that we should
be longer holden to the loan of them, especially when we
have so great occasion for them in our own use. Our fur-
nace at Salisbury being out of blast is a great misfortune ;
how much longer we may be delayed thereby is uncertain.
I am, with truth and regard, sir,
Your most obedt. humle. scrvt.
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
To Abm. Ten Broeck, Esq.
tLctter from the Albany County Committee.]
Albany Committee Chamber, 9th April, 1777.
Gent. — From the enclosed affidavits, you will observe
that a conspiracy of a dangerous nature is carrying on in
this county, by a number of persons, many of whom have
long been considered as enemies to our cause, and as such
have been treated. Experience has taught us that banish-
ing disaffected persons out of this State to a neighbouring
one, answers no good end ; keeping thera among us, we
[Vol. II.] 105
are apprehensive will prove our ruin ; lenity, instead of
having its due weight, is construed by those people in a
different sense ; they insinuate we are afraid to pursue
more spirited measures, and assure their hearers the affair
will soon be settled ; these and other artful arguments have
great effect on weak minds. The apprehensions of the
savages attacking such of our defenceless inhabitants as
will not accede to their tory plan, a piece of intelligence
industriously propagated at a time the Indians have really
commenced hostilities, make many proselytes to their mea-
sures.
By a resolution of Convention, persons aiding or assist-
ing our enemies are to suffer death. There has not been
a time since the commencement of these troubles, that re-
quired a law to carry this resolution into execution more
than the present — our jails are full — if banished, they are
returned ; punishment we cannot inflict : Among us they
ought not to be. In this our alarming situation we must
call on Convention for their direction, and hope they will
devise ways and means to relieve us from these more than
pests to society. Permit us to suggest to Convention a
mode that we conceive might effectually remove those ene-
mies from among us : We are informed that a number of
French armed vessels are arrived m some of our ports ; if
our tory neighbours were exchanged for as many of their
sailors, a number of useful men might be engaged for our
ships, and our internal enemies removed ; the punishment
would strike a terror in others, who would not perhaps
in future exert themselves so strenuously in so bad a cause.
Such an exile would perhaps be looked upon more terrible
than a New-England one, and have a good effect. If such
a plan could not be adopted, would not the holding up the
idea answer a good end.
The committee have taken the liberty to send John
Munro, Esq. a prisoner in this city, to be confined in King-
ston jail. The letter from John Younglove, Esq. chair-
man of Cambridge district, herewith sent, will, we hope,
justify this measure.
The committee have caused James Hewetson to be ap-
prehended, (formerly a lieutenant in the regular service,)
the tory colonel mentioned in one of the affidavits herewith
sent.
Parties are in pursuit of such other of the ringleaders as
are discovered.
The obvious necessity of the direction of Convention
will, we hope, apologize for our requesting their immediate
answer.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obt. hum. servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
N. B. Several of the deponents whose affidavits you
have herewith, are freeholders, people frightened by the
artifice of villains, who have been indefatigable in propa-
gating tales to further their hellish schemes.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Petition of John Harbark for permission to purchase hides.]
Kingston, April lith, 1777.
The petition of John Harbark humbly sheweth : That
your petitioner was born in the city of Berlin, in Prussia,
and came from thence to settle in this land ot freedom
about eleven years ago. In this Colony he lias continued
ever since, and in the city of New-York has followed the
business of tanning and currying, till he entered as a first
lieutenant into the service of this Slate, under Colonel
Lasher, where he flatters himself he acted the part of a
faithful soldier till that regiment was no more ; that your
petitioner's zeal for the independence of this country,' and
liis consciousness of some knowledjie in the affairs of war
above many in this State, which he had acquired in the
service of the Prussian monarch, induced him to lay aside
418
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
every consideration of private advantage, to entrust his
whole properly, which consisted of three thousand sides of
sole leather and between seven and eight hundred calfskins,
lo the care of others, who liad little interest in iiaving them
removed from the city and the power of the enemy, before
they took possession of that place. Had your petitioner
left his regiment, he could have got the greatest part of his
property removed out of town, as others in general had done;
but as this would have contradicted his duty lo the public,
he could not do it, had he been sure to have saved the
whole by deserting his colonel for one day at that impor-
tant crisis, when every man thought the liberty or slavery
of America was depending on the fate of his own city.
Since I have, as aforesaid, lost my all, and am still able to
be, as I think, of great service to this State in tanning and
currying leather for shoes, harness, bridles, &c. I shall
humbly beg leave to request that the Honourable House
will be pleased to permit me to purchase hides for the pur-
pose aforesaid, and that I may meet with such encourage-
ment by contract or otherwise, as the wisdom of the House
will direct.
And your humble petitioner, as in duly bound, for the
prosperity of this State against all its enemies, shall ever
pray.
JOHN HARBARK.
Your petitioner begs leave to enclose his cerlificale.
To Ihe Honourable Convention of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Wm. Duer.]
Philadelphia, April \lth, 1777.
Sir — I should have done myself the honour of writing
to you immediately after my arrival, but have been so
occupied by various business the whole lime I have been
here that 1 have not had time to write on the. different mat-
ters relative lo the State of New-York, and now before
Congress.
I am extremely concerned to inform you that there is no
prospect at present of our obtaining a supply of salt from
the Continental magazines, there being only twelve hun-
dred bushels in store at this place.
I have requested Mr. Robert Morris to inform me when-
ever any salt is to be exposed to sale, and should the other
gentlemen who represent our State, concur in opinion, I
will employ a person to purchase, in behalf of the State,
gn the most reasonable terms possible.
The letter from the Convention relative to the insur-
gents in the northeastern parts of the State, transmitted to
Mr. Lewis Morris before my arrival, has been read in
Congress, but as I expected daily the arrival of Mr. Duane
and Mr. Livingston, I thought it most prudent to get the
consideration postponed, to which Congress acceded.
The deputies from New-Connecticut are now in town,
and have presented lo Congress a memorial, a copy of
which I shall do myself the honour to transmit you in a
day or two. I can by no means think that this attempt to
dismember our State will be countenanced by Congress,
though I am sorry to say that I can very easily perceive
that individuals from the eastern Slates mean to support
Messrs. Aliens in their extravagant pretensions. I flatter
myself, however, that with the assistance of my colleagues
I shall procure such resolutions passed as will reprobate
their proceedings, and oblige the revolted subjects to ren-
der a due obedience to the laws of the State.
I am extremely sorry to inform you that notwithstanding
the invasion which threatens ihis city, a langour prevails
amongst the inhabitants of almost all ranks. The disputes
about their constitution, and a want of vigilance and vigour
in detecting and defeating the designs of the disaffected,
have given the malignants a dangerous ascendency. The
depreciation of the Continental money is astonishingly
rapid, and I see with concern that no attempts are made
to check so fatal a measure. You will observe by the en-
closed resolutions of Congress of the 14th and 15th April,
that they have been under the necessity of supplying an
executive authority in ilus State. By the recess of the
Supreme Executive Council there was an absolute inter-
regnum, and if Congress had not interposed, this State
would have fallen an easy prey to a very small body of the
enemy's army. It is to be hoped, however, that the au-
thority now established will exert itself with vigour, and
that a little quackery will save a powerful Stale, which
must have fallen a sacrifice lo a speculative system of
politics.
At the request of Major General Schuyler, I transmit
you extracts of two letters which he has lately received,
from which you will learn, with sorrow, that our strength
at Ticonderoga is totally inadequate to resist any attempt
of the enemy's army ; at least, so it appears lo me, not-
withstanding the sanguine expectations which Colonel
Wayne entertains that he should be able to maintain the
garrison till succour could arrive. By a return sent lo the
General on the 1st of April, it appears that there are only
six hundred and eighty-five men fit for duty at that post,
including one hundred and twenty artificers, and exclusive
of seventy-three malrosses fit for duly. The General does
not think that any reinforcement has yet arrived there. I
thought it my duly to transmit this intelligence, as the fate
of our State is so intimately connected with the preserva-
tion of that fortress.
The slow progress made in the recruiting business, not-
withstanding the favourable accounts which were at first
circulated, has at length roused Congress, and they have
entered into sundry resolutions for completing the battalions,
which I have the honour to transmit. It is with pleasure
that I consider that the Slate to which I have the honour
to belong, has pointed out lo Congress the most eligible
and effectual mode of completing the army. Would to
Heaven that the spirit and activity which has of late ani-
mated the councils of the Slate of New-York would dif-
fuse itself throughout the other States. A portion of their
electrical fire is certainly wanting. Without it, should the
enemy receive a timely reinforcement, and show the least
spirit of enterprise, our affairs must inevitably suffer.
I have the pleasure to assure the Convention that the
State of New-York stands in very high point of light in
the eyes of the Continent, and that General Washington,
in his public letters to Congress, gives the most honourable
testimonials in its favour. These, sir, are the happy effects
of our unanimity and vigour. May their influence conti-
nue to pervade our councils. Whatever may be our fate,
the leaders in public measures in our State will then have
the consolation to think that no misfortunes which in the
course of political events may happen, can justly be im-
puted to them.
I have in my hands about £1200 belonging to the State,
which I beg to know whether I shall remit, or keep in
bank in hopes of making a purchase of salt. Whatever
directions I may receive shall be faithfully complied with.
Mr. Duane and Mr. Livingston, who arrived here yes-
terday, desire me to tender their respects to the Conven-
tion.
I have the honour to be.
With every sentiment of esteem and respect.
Sir, your obedt. hble servant,
WM. DUER.
To the Honble. Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq.
[Letter from Elias Boudinot, Commissary-General of Prisoners. 1
Morris Town, April l~lh, 1777.
Sir — Being honoured with the appointment of commis-
sary-general of prisoners in the aimy of the United States
of America, it is absolutely necessary that I should be im-
mediately provided with an account of all the expenses and
disbursements of the different Slates in favour of the several
prisoners taken from the king of Great Britain, in order
I that the accounts may be ready for settlement with General
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
419
Howe, whenever we shall be called on for that purpose.
I am therefore instructed by His Excellency General Wash-
ington to beg the favour of your Convention to order all
accounts of expenses and disbursennents (as well those that
have already been paid, as those which are yet due,) made
by your State in favour of such prisoners, to be immediately
transmitted to me at Head-Quarters, with the several proper
authenticated vouchers for the same, I must also beg a
return of such prisoners as are at present in your State,
with the particular places where confined, their rank, &c.
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your very hble servt.
ELIAS BOUDINOT.
To the Hon. President of the Convention.
[Letter from the Committee of Kingston.]
Kingston, April 18th, 1777.
Gentlemen — Whereas I was informed on the 15th in-
stant that Jan Freer, an inhabitant of Kingston, had con-
veyed a certain person by water on Hudson's river towards
Albany, having with him a bundle or packet of letters :
Therefore, on the 16lh instant ordered a meeting of the
committee to inquire into the matter ; the committee pur-
suant to the order met, and informed them of the informa-
tion I had received ; after some deliberation on the informa-
tion, the committee resolved to send a sergeant and four
men to apprehend Jan Freer and his father Gerrit Freer,
on the supposition that if his son Jan had conveyed the man,
that the father Gerrit Freer was privy to it, and they were
on the same day in the evening apprehended and brought
before the committee and took their oaths separate, and
examined them apart ; and on their examination both say
that this day a fortnight ago, about 10 o'clock at night, one
Isaac Low, an inhabitant of New-Paltz, brought the man
on horseback to their house ; that the man was lame ; could
not ride, and for that reason wanted to go in a canoe by
water, and was in a great hurry ; saw the man pay Isaac
Low a two dollar bill Continental currency, for his trouble ;
and the man agreed with Jan Freer to bring him near Sau-
gerties for 15s. 8d. Jan Freer farther says that he took
his father's negro and the negro of Christophel Dojo and
brought the man near Saugerties or Van Leugens, and far-
ther relates the discourse he had with the man in the canoe :
that he had asked the man where he came from ; he told
him from below ; that his colonel had sent him to fetch
men or for men to Albany, and that the man's name was
Quackenboss ; that he at first took him to be a good liberty-
man, and afterwards doubted the man to be true to Ame-
rica ; and farther Jan Freer confesses he knew he had done
wrong, and also that the man told him he was well acquaint-
ed at the Caatsban, and had a horse at one Trumpoo's ;
was farther examined touching the man's person ; all he
said worthy of notice, was, that the man was about as tall
as himself, and farther says that Isaac Low told him the
man had a good pass, which he never inquired into. And
lliis is the purport of what I remember. I take this op-
Sortunity to acquaint the Honourable Convention that Isaac
(Ow is out of our jurisdiction, and for that reason cannot
pry farther into the matter, and wish that vigorous measures
be pursued to apprehend the man, and also to punish all
those that are of and give aid, comfort and assistance to
inimical persons that travel through the country to bring or
communicate the purposes of our enemy to destroy us.
Hope all such persons will be brought to an exemplary
punishment to deter others and strike a terror on all our
secret enemies.
I remain, gent, your most obt.
JOHN DUMONT,
Chairman of the Commillee of Kingston.
To the Hon. the Convention of New-York.
[Answer of the Tuscaroras, Onondagas and othera to a letter from their
brethren the Chiefs at Kingstown.]
Onehohquago, March the 1st, 1777.
To the President and the other members of the Great Council at
Kingston.
Brothers — We, the head of this place, with our bre-
thren the Tuscaroras and some of the Onondagas and Mo-
hecanders, being assembled, have received your letter by
the hand of our friend John Harper. We thank you for
your kindness in securing our money for us for the lands
that we sold to George Croghan, and that your disposition
towards us is good.
Brothers, our backs are towards our lands and our eyes
pitifully beholding our brother's faces smeared with their
brother's blood ; although you are of many nations, yet we
look on you as brethren ; we shall therefore patiently wait
for that happy day when your business will admit you to
attend on our business, for at present our hearts are filled
with grief to see your distress.
Brothers, we thank you that you are disposed to supply
our needs when in your power. We thankfully acknow-
ledge your favour in sending us powder ; we hope that you
will give no heed to the false reports that are going about,
for we assure you, brothers, that we are sincerely disposed
to keep our covenant of peace with you our brethren.
Brethren, we inform you that there are five houses over
your line of property on the Delaware river ; we hope you
will remove the encroachers as soon as possible, as such
proceedings is thecause of trouble.
We rely on your justice, and conclude with our best
wishes to you. Farewell.
ADAM PITER,
ISAAC JACOB HENDRICK.
To our Brethren the Chiefs at Kingstown.
[Letter from Mr, William Gamble.]
Albany, March 25th, 1777.
Sir — Relying upon the justice and humanity of the
committee of this city, I request the favour that you would
acquaint them with my desire of being permitted to retire
to New-York.
My present view of support, as well as future subsistence,
are now so precarious, that I am constrained to make this
application, and hope that the personal regard I entertain
for the members of the board, and an unexceptionable line
of conduct, from the commencement of the troubles enti-
tle me to every mark of their indulgence.
On the strength of this, I beg they would favour me so
far as to let me proceed to the Fish Kill in my own boat,
with such recommendation to the gentlemen in power
there, as will insure me a favourable reception.
I am sir.
Your most humble, and obedient servant,
WILLIAM GAMBLE.
Copy. Mat, Visscher, Secy.
John Barclay, Chairman.
[Letter from the Albany Committee, relative to Mr. Gamble.]
Albany Committee Chamber, 25th March, 1777.
HoND. Sir — An application has been made to this board
by Mr. William Gamble, an inhabitant of this city, for
leave to apply to your Honourable Body, for permission to
go to New-York. We enclose a copy of his letter.
The facts held up in it, with respect to his conduct, are
to our knowledge founded in truth.
We are sir.
Your very humble servts.
By order,
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To Gen. Txn. Broeck, President of the Coavenlion.
420
CORRESPOiNDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
[Petition of the Committee of Claverack.]
Claverack, the 19th Jpril, 1777.
Dear Sir — The committee of this district, and the field
officers of Kinderhook desired me to enclose this petition
in a letter directed to you, in order to have it corrected,
and then presented to the Convention; they think it highly
necessary for it to take place, therefore beg the favour of
you to urge the matter, ior the purpose to serve under the
direction of the said committee and field officers within
the following limits, viz :
From the south line of this county, to the manor pro-
per, and on the cast side of Hudson river, to consist of
sixty privates to engage for one year unless sooner dis-
charged.
I also herewith enclose you copies of certain papers
found in possession of conspirators, for the purpose of rais-
ing new levies to join our enemy, whereby you will also
observe the necessity of granting the above request. Our
committee have been so vigilant as to have apprehended
eleven, and sent them this afternoon down to our landing
in irons, to be put on board a sloop in order to be sent to
Albany to be tried, and make no doubt but some of them
will be executed, if rewarded due to their punishment. In
the mean time,
I am sir.
Your sincere friend, &;c.
STEPHEN HOGEBOOM.
N. B. I hope you have not forgot our sloop affairs.
To RoBEET Yates, Esq.
To the Honourable Convention of the State of New- York
at Kingston :
The petition of the committee of Claverack District,
and the field officers of the District of Kinderhook all in
the county of Albany,
Humbly Siieweth :
That many of the inhabitants of the said district are
disaffected to the cause of American freedom, and that
your petitioners are highly of opinion that they and the well
affected people are hourly in an eminent danger of their
lives and property by those disaffected and dangerous
people ; and your petitioners most humbly pray the Ho-
nourable House, that you will order a company of rangers
to be raised without any delay, for the safety of the good
people of the said district. And if this Honourable House
shall think proper to grant our request, your petitioners
most humbly pray you will appoint Cornelius Hogeboom
captain in said company, Eleazer Spencer first lieutenant,
John Van Ness second lieutenant, and Caleb Clark ensign,
placing the greatest confidence in their principles respect-
ing the cause of American freedom which has induced this
recommendation, and we hope will entitle them to your
favour, which from your great readiness to confer we hope
can be consistently done, and your petitioners most hum-
bly pray.
PETER VAN NESS,
JOSEPH CLARK,
ISRAEL SPENCER,
JAMES SAXTON,
LAWRENCE HOGEBOOM,
LAURANCE FONDA,
WM. VAN NESS, jur.
CORNELIUS ST. MULLER,
GABRIEL ESSELSTYNE,
Committee of Claverack.
A. J. VAN ALSTINE,
ISRAEL GOLD,
HARN VAN BUREN,
Field-officers of Kinderhook District.
[Letter from Benjamin Smith.]
To the Continental Congress :
Gentlemen — Be pleased to lend an ear to my cry if it
be your pleasure, and hearken to my complaint. I am in
a poor stale of health, and in a cold jail. I am willing to
swear, which I can do freely to the State, and will do all
that lies in my power towards hiring a man. Gentle-
men I look up to your honours for mercy.
BENJAMIN SMITH.
L Letter from Philip Swartwoud, Chairman of Mamacotting Precinct.]
Pionpack, ^pril 19/ A, 1777.
Gentlemen — We send you under guard, one Abraham
Smith, who we have great reason to suspect was confede-
rate with the tories both here and in Sussex in their de-
sign or plot. We likewise send you by the sergeant of
the guard, the evidence of John Lasley against said Smith,
and so refer both it and him to your mature considerations
to use such measures as you think prudent.
By order of the Committee.
PHILIP SWARTWOUD, Chairman.
To the Honourable Congress, convened at Kingston.
[Letter from MlchaelJackson enclosing deposition of Moore relative
to a plot.]
Gothen, April \st, 1777.
Gentlemen — This day being the anniversary for choos-
ing town officers, a very considerable number of members
both of county and precinct commhtees were assembled
at the house of Col. NicoH's at Goshen, when we had
presented to us the enclosed deposition, which we thought
proper to transmit to you. W'e have duly inquired into
the character of the deponent, and think him a person
worthy of credit, and as we look upon ourselves materially
concerned, we beg your farther advice on the propriety of
sending out one-third part of our militia as agreed upon by
a meeting of Gen. Clinton, and the field officers of the
counties of Ulster and Orange, pursuant to a resolve of
your Honourable Body.
MICHAEL JACKSON,
Chairman pro tempore.
To the Honorable Convention of the State
of New- York at Kings Town.
[Letter from John Sessions to the Convention of New- York.]
Gentlemen — I here exhibit to your Honours an ac-
count of the expenditure of the money sent from Conven-
tion to defray the charges of your committee who were
employed to inquire into the state of the ranging compa-
nies in Cumberland and Gloucester, &c. is as follows, viz :
My own espense in going to Cumberland and returning to Conven-
tion, X2 0 0
Expenses of Committee at Westminster and Hanover, col-
lecting information &c 17 15 8
Paid an express for going to Albany, 5 0 0
Paid a man for collecling papers relative to a New Sute, .. 2 2 0
Paid to Esqrs. Tayler and Bleeker 10 5 6
Paid to Esqr. Stevens, 8 3 2
£43 6 4
Equal to one hundred and fifty one dollars and one tenth.
Now remains in my hands (excepting a tenth,) 49 dollars.
Your honours will please to direct how said money shall
be disposed of.
From your most obedt. and
Very humble servant,
JOHN SESSIONS,
Chairman of the above Committee.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Sessions to John McKesson.]
Westminster, April 2Ut, 1777.
Sir — I received your favour of the 19th of March, and
am obliged to you for those tokens of respect you manifest,
and wish it was in my power to comply with your re-
quest in attending Convention ; but the situation of affairs
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
are such in our county, (together with my own,) that it is
almost impracticable. I am anxious to hear the determi-
nation of Congress with regard to a new State ; I have
lately had an opportunity of conversing with General Ba-
ley and Colnl. Marsh, and to my satisfaction, I find a dif-
ferent disposition in them from what I expected. Colnl.
Mersh having received orders of late, marched to Ticonde-
roga with his regiment, whereby he manifested his loyalty
to the tState of New-York ; and I hope if prudent mea-
sures are taken, this newfangled scheme will, like the house
of Saul, wax weaker and weaker. I ardently wish that
some decisive measures might be taken that the sword of
justice and sceptre of mercy may be properly exercised. I
have no disposition to extenuate the faults of those who
manifest such contempt to the authority of New-York, yet
I could wish that every obstacle might be removed with re-
spect to the title of lands, &c. I find that what was pro-
posed by some gentlemen when I was at Convention rela-
tive to accommodating our difficulties would be very agree-
able to many people ; and I hope something similar thereto
may take place, excepting the quit rents, which I find
to be a delicate point ; many, it seems, would rather prefer
what ihey would call a land tax, but it is not for me to dic-
tate in this matter. I doubt not some equitable measures
will be taken by the Honourable Convention or Legisla-
ture of the State. As I received orders I immediately en-
tered upon the business respecting the rangers, at least ac-
quainted Mr. Clay, who went to Generl. Baley, since
which, we have attended the business at Windsor, and pro-
ceeded as the papers sent to Convention will discover ; it
is very unhappy that this affair has been attended with
such perplexity and cost ; but I hope more suitable care
will be taken for the future to avoid mistakes, as I think
due care has been taken by the commissioners to inform
both officers and soldiers, so that there might be no fur-
ther misunderstanding or needless expense. I think it may
be necessary that a paymaster and commissary should be
appointed for those companies ; would beg leave to recom-
mend General Baley as a very suitable gentleman for this
trust, in my opinion ; and should it be the pleasure of Con-
vention to appoint him, could wish he might be directed to
correspond with the commanding officer in the Northern
Department, and in that way have the direction of the ran-
gers raised in Cumberland and Gloucester for the present.
Mr. Clay acquiesces in this proposal, and I believe it will
be agreeable to many others ; you will please to commu-
nicate the enclosed account, and! would beg the direction
of Convention with respect to the money now remaining
in my hands.
I have the honour to be, with great respect sir, your and
the Convention's,
Most obedient and very humle. servant.
JOHN SESSIONS.
To John McKesson, Esqr. at Kingston.
Poughkeepsie, April \bth, 1777.
This is to certify that I vras one of the commisssioners
under whose direction a company was raised last winter in
Colo. Humfrey's regiment for six weeks, under the com-
mand of Capt. Vail, and that I saw a considerable num-
ber of the company paraded on Saturday the 25th Jany.
and understood that the detachment which was then there,
were to march on that day ; but what the number of the
detachment was, or who the individuals were that com-
posed it, or whether they actually marched, I do not cer-
tainly know, though think it rather propable they did.
EGBT. BENSON.
Captain Vail in Cornelius Humfrey's regiment for the
six weeks' expedition in the course of last winter, was or-
dered to march with his company on Saturday the 25th of
January, and his march was impeded by part of his com-
[Vol. II.] 106
m
pany's disobeying his orders ; particularly those from Capt,
William Alger's beat.
JAMES VANDERBURGH, L. Col.
MARVIN PLEAS, Major.
April 2ith, nil-
This may certify to whom it may concern, that Capt.
Israel Vail came away from his quarters at Eastchester, on
Saturday the eighth day of March last, as witness my
hand.
CORNELIUS HUMFREY.
[Letter from Zeph. Piatt.]
April 22d, 1777.
Dear Sir — Capt. Israel Vail, the bearer, was down with
Coll. Humfrey last winter ; Coll. Humfrey has return-
ed him as a deserter, or coming away before his time was
out. I have made some inquiry respecting the affair, and
am informed that from the day Capt. Vail was ordered to
march to the day he returned was six weeks exactly, and
as he has always exerted himself, and still continues firm,
I therefore think both justice and policy direct that he
should have his wages paid him ; beg you will afford him
you assistance in getting his pay roll' passed, and des-
patch him as he is now called to go in the service again ;
should Convention refuse passing his accounts it may re-
tard the service.
I am sir, your very humble servant,
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jr.
Robert P. Livingston, Esqr.
[Information from New- York.]
Extract of a deposition taken from a person of well
knoiun veracity and honesty, in the American cause,
who left the city of Neio-York the I6th inst. at night,
April 22d, 1777.
Says, That on Monday the 14th instant, the grand bat-
tery was standing and mounted fifteen guns ; the fort at
Bunker's Hill was also standing ; the other fortifications
in the city were levelled and levelling ; saw the people at
work. That he became acquainted with a certain captain
in Colonel Roger Morris's regiment, who introduced this
deponent to the colonel ; that the colonel told that they
should not march before 1st or 10th of May ; that he gave
twenty shillings for every private, and three half joes for
every good drummer and fifer, to the person that enhsted
them, for his trouble ; and to the men that enlisted, five
dollars in silver and fifty acres of land on Philipse Patent,
and that he would give them a deed for the same as soon
as they enlisted. That the mayor of the city told this de-
ponent that Beverly Robinson was in town ; that from the
most authentic account this deponent could collect, there
are 600 new recruits at Bergen and Hobuck ; at Staten
Island 600, at Long Island 600, and at King's Bridge 600 ;
that there are now a great nnmber of officers out in dif-
ferent parts of the country recruiting ; that Major Paine is
in the provost guard and not likely to come out ; that the
major tells the guards that he is in a just cause, and if ever
he gets out he will fight them again. That Philadelphia
is to be attacked both by water and land, at the same time;
that the new recruits are to harass the inhabitants on both
sides the North river ; that there is a bomb ship preparing
to go against Fort Montgomery.
[Report of Committee on the letter from Ulster.]
April im, 1777.
The committee to wliom was referred the letter from
the committee of the county of Ulster, beg leave to report
the following resolution :
Resolved, That the committee of the county of Ulster
be informed that the quartcrmasler-gcncral of the Conti- *■
ncntal army, or any of his deputies, pay all the charges
422
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
that accrued in transporting Continental troops and their
baggage, upon certificates being produced of the service
performed ; and that the director -general of the hospital in
either of the departments will pay all reasonable accounts
for entertaining and nursing of any of the sick soldiers be-
longing to the Continental army.
[Letter from Benjamin Gilbert and John Gilbert, asking for
commissions.]
Esopus, April Ibth, 1777.
The humble petition of Benjamin and John Gilbert, late
of the city of New-York, humbly sheweth : That your
petitioners have ever been true and faithful subjects to the
United States, as can be well attested by many persons
now in this city ; but, having expended the bulk of our
fortunes to promote the service, and our real estates being
seized by the merciless invaders of our bleeding country,
we now unfortunately find ourselves, with many others,
reduced from a slate of affluence to a state of indigence,
having an aged father, sister and brother to support ; beg,
therefore, this Honourable House will take our case into
consideration, and grant us commissions in the army — such
as your honours shall think fit — that we may be enabled to
support our distressed family, and take vengeance on the
authors of our distressed condition, as our lives are at the
service of our country. We gave our certificates to Mr.
Dewayne, who, unfortunately for us, is gone to Philadel-
phia, and, as we suppose, carried them with him ; but hope
that will be no obstacle in our way, as we are known to
many gentlemen of this Honourable House.
We have the honour to be, gentlemen, with respect.
Your hble. servts.
BENJAMIN GILBERT,
JOHN GILBERT.
The Honourable the Convention
of the Stale of New- York.
[A letter from John Hancock, covering resolves of Congress.]
Philada. April 16th, 1777.
Gentlemen — The enclosed resolves of Congress I am
commanded to transmit to you, and most earnestly to en-
treat your compliance therewith. They are so very ex-
plicit, and at the same time so very important, that I need
not enlarge. Give me leave just to observe, that upon their
faithful execution at this critical period, the liberty and
happiness of our country absolutely depend.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. and verv hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
P. S. I shall be much obliged to you to forward the in-
closed packet by a fresh express to General Gates, and
send my express back.
Honble. Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Convention to Continental Congress, stating the case of
Major Edminston.]
Kingston, April 23d, 1777.
Sir — We a committee appointed by the Convention of
the State of New-York, pursuant to a of the said
Convention, a copy of whereof is inclosed, herewith send
you Major Edminston, whose case is as follows :
Some considerable lime since, he was apprehended at
his estate in the western parts of Tryon county, by order
of the committee of that county, and was put under the
direction of Major-General Schuyler, who some time in
the last winter permitted him to go on his parole to Gene-
ral Washington, for the purpose of negotiating an exchange
for an officer of the Continental army of equal rank with
himself. On his application at Head-Quarters, he obtained
a letter from the General to Joshua Loring, commissary of
prisoners at New-York, daied " Head-Quarters, Morris
Town, 6lh Feby. 1777," proposing an exchange of the
said Major Edminston, for either of the Majors Williams,
Brown and Wells. With tliis letter he proceeded to New-
York, where he remained till about ihe first week in March
last, when he set out for Albany by land, with a letter from
General Howe to General Schuyler, dated " New-York,
Ibth Feby. 1777," in these words :
" Sir — Major Edminston has comedown to New-York,
by a passport from General Washington, upon parole to
return, or send out an officer of equal rank ; and either
Majors Williams, Brown or Wells ate desired in exchange.
I have not the leastobjecliontosend eitherof those gentlemen
to any place you shall be pleased to appoint, provided Major
Edmmston, who is the bearer of this, is permitted to go to
Canada, agreeable to his own desire."
On Major Edminsion's arrival at Peekskill in his way to
Albany, he obtained a passport from Brigadier-General
McDougall, dated lllh March, 1777, and after spending
about twenty days on his journey, he arrived at Albany.
The Convention hearing of his return to Albany, order-
ed him to this place ; and upon his arrival here, and inqui-
ry inlo his case, found it lo be as above slated, wilh these
additional circumstances, to wit : In excusing his delay in
his journey to Albany, he assigned the badness of the roads
and tiie great difficulty of procuring carriages. His jour-
ney besides this delay, was attended with these circum-
stances : The first night he lodged at Colonel Philipse's, a
person notoriously disaffected ; at Pouglikeepsie in Dutch-
ess county, a place where he had ample opportunity of
conversing with many disaffected persons, he spent about
ten days ; at the manor of Livingston, he continued some
days, wilh Mr. Patterson late collector of Philadelphia, a
gentleman well known to be greatly disaffected to the Ame-
rican cause ; from thence he proceeded to Kinderhook, and
applied himself to the family of the Van Schaacks, who
are among the foremost of the enemies of the United States,
and after a short stay wilh them, they assisted him in a
conveyance to Albany. While at Poughkeepsie, he in-
formed a gentleman of undoubted veracity, that his design
in going to Canada was, that he might return to England
with the officers of the regiment to which he belonged, the
privates of which were to be drafted into the other regi-
ments there, alleging that as he had an estate in America,
he would cheerfully improve the present opportunity of
withdrawing himself out of the present contest.
If such, however, was his design, he had greatly chang-
ed his sentiments without a change of circumstances, as is
evident from a certain intercepted letter, produced some
considerable time ago in Convention, from him lo a noble-
man, his patron ; in which letter, he mentions the great
prospect of promotions in ilie American service, and re-
quests his patron's interest for preferment.
The extraordinary and unusual condition annexed to Ge-
neral Howe's consent to an exchange, the major's known
character, which qualifies him well for an emissary, and
the greater facility of going in the winter season from New-
York directly to England, his delays on the road to Albany,
his communication with certain characters in the course of
his journey, and his former inclination not only to continue
but also to acquire promotion in the American service,
which there is no apparent reason to believe is changed,
render it necessary to detain him here till his case could be
made known to General Washington. The Convention
have since had it signified to them, from Head-Quarters,
that His Excellency would wish not to have his attention
taken up wilh the major's case ; and that he might be con-
veyed to Philadelphia : we therefore send him to you under
the care of Capt. Bret, who is directed to mark out the
route of the journey according to his discretion.
We are, sir, wilh the greatest respect,
Your most obedt. servts.
The Hon'ile. John Hancock.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
423
ILetter from George Clinton, stating the deficiency of the regiments of
militia called out by him.]
New- Windsor, 22d ^pril, 1777.
Dear Sir — As my calling out a part of the militia of
the counties of Ulster, Orange, Dutchess and Westchester,
pursuant to a late resolve of your Honourable House, be-
fore I had received directions for that purpose from the
Commander-in-Chief, might be considered unnecessary,
and the expense of it left ultimately to be paid by this
Stale, I thought it my duty to write to His Excellency Gene-
ral Washington, acquainting him with the number I had or-
dered into actual service from each county, where I intended
to station them, and explaining the reasons on which I acted.
I have this day received an answer from His Excellency,
in which, in substance, he informs me that he had wrote
Genl. McDougall, on the 18th inst. to apply to the Conven-
tion of this State to call out the militia of it, in order to
have as respectable a force in this quarter as possible, to
act according to contingencies. That the situation of af-
fairs is such that our greatest exertions are required to
bring out this militia in as great numbers and as expediti-
ously as possible. That though from appearances he is
induced to believe the enemy will open the campaign with
an attempt against Philadelphia, it is impossible to judge
with certainty, as their preparations indicating that to be
their design, may be wholly an artifice to divert our atten-
tion from the real object they aim at, and throw us off our
guard at the place where they mean to direct their opera-
tions in earnest ; which would tend to secure their success,
and produce many fatal consequences to us.
I mentioned to the General, that though the numbers I
had ordered into actual service appeared large, I feared
not more than one-half of them would be got out if ever
so much wanted ; and I am now sorry to inform Conven-
tion that even worse than this is the case ; for I do not be-
lieve that more than one-quarter of the number have yet
marched, notwithstanding my utmost exertions to draw
them out. This and Orange county have furnished a con-
siderable proportion, yet many of the companies have not i
a single man, pleading for excuse their being on the fron-
tiers ; and others have made their drafts, if I am rightly
informed, in such an unfair way as not to furnish half their
complement. Dutchess county was to have sent out 800
men, (being only every fifth man) to reinforce Forts Con-
stitution and Independence, but not a man has as yet arriv-
ed at either of those posts from that county, a proportion
of Colo. Brinkerhoff's regiment excepted ; nor can I learn
that the officers are even attempting to get them out. It
is distressing indeed, that men, at this critical period, should [
be so backward in their duty, and it gives me great pain
to be obliged to say that the fault must lie with the officers.
I can do no more than I already have ; the commanding
officer of each regiment has the proportion of men which
he is to raise, with the most positive orders to march them j
without delay. To proceed against the officers for diso-
bedience of orders by court martial, will answer no good j
end. The disorder is too general to be cured in that way, j
and unless Convention can devise some better means to
compel them to do their duty, we need put but special httle
dependence on the militia.
The force I have already out is daily decreasing in this
way, to wit : A poor man so circumstanced as not to admit
of his leaving home, was drafted to the first of August,
hires a man at a great price to take iiis place ; as soon as
the hireling receives the money, a second person who is
also drafted, gives him a farther sum of money, and en-
gages him for the standing army, and thereby he pretends
an exemption. As often as this happens we lose the ser-
vice of two men out of our number till the first of August,
one of whom acquire a total exemption from militia duty.
I cannot think Convention intended, by their resolves, to
give exemptions, on any consideration, to those already
drafted, till the lime for which they were so drafted had
expired. By this, besides, never being able to know our
strength one whole day, wesufTer another inconveniency ;
we have our full complement of officers for the men we
drafted ; as we lose our men we of course shall have su-
pernumerary officers, and must discharge them, which can-
not always be done without giving offence. Indeed at first
I formed the regiments to consist of 400 privates only,
with a colonel, lieutenant-colonel and major ; this was done
before I saw the resolve of Continental Congress fixing a
regiment at 500 ; but I am certain it will be best to retain
the colonels in the service, even though this State should
pay the extra expense, which will be but trifling ; however
I wish to have the advice of Convention, and if it is their
pleasure the supernumerary officers shall be dismissed.
I am, with due respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honorable Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention of the State
of New- York, at Kingston.
[Letter trom Moses Kazen, at Albany.]
Albany, April 24, 1777.
Gentlemen — As I am told that Lieut. John Hamtra-
mack of my regiment, is promoted to a captain in Col. Du-
boys's regiment, in the State of New- York, or otherwise,
that he has a promise of such a promotion, I therefore,
think it necessary to acquaint you that Lieut. Hamtra-
mack, has been in arrest by me ; his crime as follows,
viz : for desertion, or having quitted his post, his com-
mand and the regiment without leave, and not returning
to his duty. This crime was committed in Canada, at the
time our army was on the retreat from that place ; since
which, I have not been able to meet with Lieut. Hamtra-
mack, until the 14th inst. when I put him in arrest, not
knowing at the time, that he was promoted or that he had
any promise of promotion, in any other regiment whatever.
Mr. Hamtramack having been in arrest 8 days, and know-
ing that the evidences were absent, applied to be tried by
a general court-martial then setting at this place. I could
not prosecute him, as all my evidences were in the regi-
ment at Head-Quarters, with Genl. Washington ; where-
upon, Genl. Gates has been pleased to set him at liberty,
and ordered him to join Col. Duboys's regiment; at the same
time advising me that by a complaint to the Commander-
in-Chief, he may be arrested again and brought to trial,
when the evidences are present, which in justice to myself
and the regiment I have the honour to command, as well
as for the honour and discipline of the army, I certainly
must do, as soon as I arrive at camp ; for which place I
shall set out in a few days. I would further add, that
Lieut. Hamtramack stands impeached before the commis-
sioners at this place for other crimes, for which alone,
Genl. Schuyler positively refused him a commission in
Col, James Livingston's regiment. I could wish the con-
tents of this letter were communicated to Col. Duboys, as
I cannot think the Legislature of the State of New-York,
or their officers, would wish to promote a man unworthy
of a commission in the army, and who stands charged
with such notorious crimes.
I have the honor to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
MOSES KAZEN.
The Honourable Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter to Jacob Hornbeek, with copies of a speech to the Indians,
and their answer.]
Anquagua, April 14, 1777.
Brothers — Our hearths arc glad and greatly rejoiced to
hear the things that we hear this day from you.
Brothers — It is our desire that you would take particu-
lar care what you do hear, for we are sensible that liars
are plenty all over the country ; and don't you believe what
424
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
bad people tell in order to set you against us and us against
you, for our friendship is firm and unshaken towards you.
Brothers — Our hearths are exceedingly glad to receive
the message of friendship you sent us, and are glad with
our whole hearts to renew our old friendship in the strong-
est manner.
Brothers — We assure you that we should be very sorry
in any case, to be the means of destroying the friendship
subsisting between you and us.
Brothers — We assure you of a truth, that it is our de-
termination that we will lay still in this distressing time,
and that you shall not receive damage by us, in any wise;
and likewise, we have agreed that according to your re-
quest, Nicholas and family is to stay with you, and if any
mischief shall happen to him or his, by the war, we de-
sign that our hearts shall be clean of the same ; and bro-
thers, as some of our Indians are to come to the Cook-
house, to plant this spring, we desire you would not make
yourselves uneasy, nor think it strange.
Brothers — If you hear any news that doth concern us,
we desire you would let us know of it; and if we can find
out any thing that will be serviceable to you, we will en-
deavour to let you know the same.
Brothers — As you arc in hopes of having goods as usual,
and in case you have, we shall be very glad to deal with
you as usual ; and you may depend on passing and repass-
ing to and from us with safety ; for we will keep the road
open, and we will afford you our young men to assist you
in bringing goods and the like to us, if it will do you any
service.
Brothers — We desire that somebody may pass and re-
pass often, from you to us and from us to you, so that we
may know how things go on with each other, and let all
such messages be sent by safe and trusty hands.
Brothers — The remote tribes of Indians are mostly join-
ed at Niagara, and we expect they will be on your backs
some time this moon, at the northward.
All this from your brothers, in behalf of the Esopus
and Anquagua Indians.
ADAM,
JACOB,
Chiefs of Anquagua Indians.
PHILIP,
HAMBECK,
Chiefs of Esopus Indians.
To Collo. Jacob Hoornbeek.
A true copy.
[Letter from Francis Lewis, Esqr.]
Philadelphia, April 16, 1777.
Gentlemen — I have been favoured with your letter of
the 2d inst. covering two resolves of the Honble. Con-
vention, dated the 1st, and to which due regard shall be
paid.
From the information I have hitherto obtained of the
quantity of salt in this city, it is so inconsiderable, that I
apprehend none will be permitted to be sent out at present;
I shall do my utmost to procure it.
I did not arrive here from Baltimore, until the 13th inst.
and yesterday, Mr. Livingston showed me a resolve of the
Honble. Convention, dated 29th March, requesting me to
repair to that Board ; but as I left my baggage at Balti-
more, and having also other business to transact there,
relative to the Montgomery's prizes, I shall be obliged to
go to Baltimore previous to my attending the Convention.
The brigantine with salt, (one of Capt. Rogers' prizes,)
was at Baltimore acquitted by a jury. I have appealed
from their verdict to Congress, but have not yet been fur-
nished with proper papers from Baltimore to proceed.
I am, gentlm. your very humbl. servt.
FRA. LEWIS.
The Honble. Robt. R. Livingston,
and Wm. Allison.
[LeUer from the Chairman of Ihe Kingston Committee.]
Kingston, April 25, 1777.
Whereas, the Committee of Kingston, pursuant to a
Resolve of the Convention, dated the first day of February,
1777, to employ a night walch to guard the t>tate prisoners
in jail and the public records, and have ordered other bu-
siness for the service of the Stale, by which conduct the
committee is become indebted to sundry persons for cer-
tain services done for the Slate, and now stand in great
need of one hundred pounds, to discharge the expense of
the watch and the several debts contracted by the commit-
tee, and therefore pray the Honourable Convention to or-
der, by resolve, the Treasurer of this Slate to pay to the
chairman of this commiilee, or any member of the com-
mittee that shall be appointed by the commiltce to receive,
one hundred pounds, for the purposes above mentioned.
By order of the Committee.
JOHN DUMONT,
Chairman of the Com.
To the Honourable the Convention of the
Stale of New- York.
[Letter from the Revd. Doctor Rodgers.]
Morrislown, April 19, 1777.
Dear Sir — I am thus far on mv way from my southern
tour; on my arrival at Philadelphia, I received a letter
from my good friend Mr. Hobart covering a copy of a re-
solution of your Honourable Body appointing me your
chaplain. I feel myself obliged and honoured by the ap-
pointment, and purpose, God willing, to see you at King-
ston, as soon as possible, after I have visited my family,
from whom I have been now near six months absent ; but
cannot formally accept your choice at present, occasioned
by an application from another quarter, to which, however
important, I prefer yours, though I may not do any thing
dishonourable. In the mean time, this will not interfere
with my attendance on your Honourable Body, as soon as
my family affairs will admit, which I hope will be very
soon.
In the mean time am, with my best respects to the gen-
tlemen of the committee, your and their most affectionate
friend and hble. servt.
JOHN RODGERS.
The Hon'ble Abraham Ten Broeck,
President of the Committee of Safety, at Kingston.
[Letter from Comfort Sands, Esqr.]
Kingston, April 24, 1777.
Sir — Enclosed is a certificate from the Treasurer, for the
expenditure of £8,605 18s. 5d. paid out in the counties of
Dutch ess and \^ est Chester. The balance of the order
for £10,000 is in the hands of the treasurer. I have ap-
pointed next week to go into Orange county, to settle with
the militia there, but found it very troublesome in the other
I counties, to have to examine the accounts and pay the mo-
' ney beside, owing to great numbers applying'at once.
Will you please to direct Mr. Bancker to go with me, as
he can assist me greatly, and pay out the money himself;
if you should not think proper that he shduld go, I must
have another order for at least £5,000, as I expect that
will be full little to pay off the militia in that county. The
24th July last I was appointed to this office, and to this
I day is just nine months ; your order on the Treasurer, for
the amount of my salary, will oblige, sir,
Yr. hno. hb. servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortland, Esqr.
President of the Convention, at Kingston.
Kingston, April 23, 1777.
I do acknowledge to have received from Mr. Comfort
Sands, pay rolls and other accounts of moneys paid by him
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
425
to the militia of the counties of Dutchess and West Ches-
ter, pursuant to a late order of Convention, to the amount
of eight thousand eight hundred and five pounds eighteen
shilhngs and five pence half-penny.
GERARD BANCKER.
[Letter from the Hon'ble Francis Lewis, Esqr. enclosing receipt and
account of Capt. Tuder, for $10,000, for the use of the frigates.]
Philadelphia, llth Jlpril, 1777.
Sir — Enclosed is Capt. Samuel Tuder's receipt for ten
thousand dollars, which I procured for the purposes of de-
fraying the charges incident to the frigates at Esopus, and
as Mr. Denning, the treasurer in that department, is re-
moved to Hartford, must beg the Honourable Convention
would give the necessary directions for issuing the money
when wanting, directing that proper vouchers be taken for
the same.
Yesterday, Mr. Phil. Livingston showed me resolves
of the Honourable Convention, dated 29th ulto. requesting
my attendance at their Board, to which I shall pay due re-
gard ; but it will be out of my power to proceed for King-
ston immediately, for the reasons communicated to your
committee of correspondence, and to which I beg your
reference ; besides, some matters of moment in committees
of which I am a member, that require my attendance for
a few days. These necessary requisitions completed, I
shall be as expeditious as possible in my attendance upon
the Honourable Board.
1 have the honour to be, sir,
Your very humble servt.
ERA. LEWIS.
The Hon'ble Ab'm Ten Broeck, Esq.
Received, Philadelphia, 16th April, 1777, of Mr. Fran-
cis Lewis, ten thousand dollars, for the use of frigates
building on Hudson's river, which I promise to deliver to
the Honourable the Convention for the State of New-York,
having signed two receipts of this date.
10,000 dollars. SAMUEL TUDER.
[Letter from Gen. Gates, acknowledging the receipt of packages from
Congress.!
Mbany, 2oth April, lin.
Sir — I have this moment received a letter from General
Wayne, commanding at Ticonderoga, dated the 22d in-
stant ; I find, that the scout he had sent down the lake,
under the command of Major Bassett, was returned to Ti-
conderoga, and the enemy, by their report, are cutting
timber at the Four Brothers, and upon Gilliiand's creek ;
a very strong scout from our army are watching the ene-
my's motions, and will, I hope, give a good account of
their advanced parties. I received your express yesterday
afternoon by the bearer ; I am much obliged to the Con-
vention for their care and expedition in forwarding it.
I am, sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
HORATIO GATES.
To the Honble. the Chairman
of the Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Capt. Bedlow, requesting an advance of £2,000.]
New Windsor, April 23, 1777.
Sir — By order of Brigadier Gen. George Clinton, I
have sent up Capt. Samuel Clark to the Honourable Con-
vention for this State, requesting the further supply of two
thousand pounds for the use of the works carrying on here
to obstruct the navigation of Hudson's river, at Polopen's
island.
I am, with respect, sir,
Your humb. servt.
WILLIAM BEDLOW.
To Pierre Van Coutl.^nd, Esqr. President of the
Honble. Convention for the Stale of New- York.
[Vol. II.] 107
[Letter from Hugh Hughes.]
Fishkill, 26th April, 1777.
Sir — The bearer will deliver to your order two salmon,
which are intended for the Honourable Convention, and I
hope they will be agreeable.
'J^'hey are part of a fare that I had the honour of pro-
curing for his Excellency General Washington's table,
and have taken the liberty to make a small draft on, that
I might have the additional honour of making a tender of
them to your Honourable House, whose acceptance,
through you, sir, I humbly entreat,
And am, with the most respectful regard,
Sir, you most obedient and very humble servt.
HUGH HUGHES.
The Honble. the President of the Convention
of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Comfort Sands.]
Esopus, 26ih April, 1777.
Sir — Mr. Jay has produced to me an account from the
committee of Rumbout precinct, for supporting the poor
of New-York in that place, but as the account is in gross,
and no vouchers accompanying it, I cannot pass it. It ap-
pears from the face of the account that there is a balance
of £58 6s. 8d. due the committee. If the Convention
chooses to pay a sum in gross, Mr. Jay promises to fur-
nish me with proper vouchers, and then I will settle it.
I am, sr. yr. mo. hi. servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, President of the Convention.
[Letter from Genr. McDougall.]
Head-Quarters, Peeks Kill, April 21st, 1777.
Gentlemen — I have been favoured with your resolu-
tion of the 7th instant, on the subject of providing for the
security and protection of Westchester. It is impossible
for me to determine whether the militia drawn into service
by General Clinton are sufficient for those purposes, for
none of them have appeared here, nor do I believe the
General knows their strength. Considering His Excellen-
cy's apprehensions, and his orders to me, I have it not in
my power to protect the lower part of the county, or to
prevent the supplies of recruits and provisions which are
going to the enemy from the west side of the river. Al-
though appearances indicate the intention of the enemy to
be first for Philadelphia, the stratagems of war are various.
They may, by a quick movement, (their heavy baggage
embarked) come up the river without the General's having
notice in time to meet them here, and yet it would be too
dangerous a movement for him, under those suspicions, to
change his present position.
For these reasons I have it in command from him to en-
treat you to make the utmost exertion in raising the militia,
to enable me to defend these posts till he can come to my
assistance, in case of such an event. When the object of
the campaign is fixed, if it should be to the southward the
extra militia may be discharged ; if up the river, tliey can-
not be too soon collected ; they will all be wanted that can
be raised for that purpose. A few days will open up the
enemy's object. I wrote to him for some of the light
horse raised in Connecticut, to assist in covering the lower
part of this county, as they could move with more celerity
in pursuit of parties of the enemy, or secure with more
certainly the recruits going to them ; for when I liave ad-
vice of their rendezvous, before a parly of infantry can
march to ihcm they will have advice of it, and make their
escape ; but he cannot spare them, as he wants them witii
the grand army, many of the horse raised lo the southward
being unfit for service, owing to the severe duly they have
been necessarily on during the winter campaign. He
therefore desired me to apply to you for a sufficient num-
ber. A company of good horses, with light riders, well
426
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
appointed, would be able on a forced march in pursuit of
those miscreants, to take on each horse a light soldier,
■which, wilh llie horsemen, would be a sufficient force to
secure any of the gangs or party of them gomg to the
enemy, and would be ready to reconnoitre, or go as secure
express ; in short, no army is safe without them. For
these reasons, I wish one was raised, on the pay of the
Continental establishment, as soon as possible.
The Rev. Mr. Evans has been chaplain to your troops
since the commencement of the present troubles, and has
acquitted himself very becoming his profession, and is in
great esteem wilh the army. He has been offered regi-
ments to the southward, which he refused, concluding he
would be appointed by this Slate. But although he has
been with the troops for some time, and Col. Corllandl's
regiment is without a chaplain, I have not heard of his
being appointed. If you should think proper to appoint
him, the losses he has sustained, the expenses he has been
at, and the fatigue he has suffered, in following the army,
justly enlillcs him to his pay from the first of January,
when his relation to the old regiment expired.
I have understood Mr. Moriis declines the majority of
Col. Duboys's regiment. If so, if Convention have not a
person well qualified in their eye to fill up the vacancy, I
wish Andrew Taylor, my late adjutant and acting brigade
major, may be appointed. I know him qualified to fill that
office with reputation to himself and those who may ap-
point him. He is well acquainted with regimental and
brigade detail, active and attentive to his duly.
There are now troops from three different States doing
<luty here. Yours are without any commissions. When
a question arises about rank, your troops will have no share
in it. They are not known in the army without commis-
sions. If a sufficient quantity of clothing is provided for
your five regiments, they will !)e in want in the fall, and,
although they are Continental troops, you ought not to cast
them out of your care. The other States attend to this
important object. Did you see their sufferings last cam-
paign for want of this article and medicine, I am persuad-
ed the utmost exertions would be made to prevent a repe-
tition of their calamities, which were shocking to humanity.
I wish to know whether Convention intend doing any
thing to equip the galleys ; they might be very useful. I
have ordered one of them to be cleaned, but it is impossi-
ble for me to take any direction of them. Capt. Winanl
Lecraft would be a fit man to command the one that has
no captain.
A quantity of wine, belonging to Hamilton Young, was
last winter in Jersey, between the enemy's lines and ours.
To prevent their being embezzled, I ordered them to be
sold, which was accordingly done. The sales you have
enclosed. As the proprietor is in New-York, and a sub-
ject of your State, Mr. Thomas Kenny, of Morristovv'n,
who has the money arising from the sales, wants your di-
rection what he is to do with it.
Your resolution of the 17th instant, subjecting persons
going off to the enemy to be tried by a general court mar-
tial, does not declare what the punishment shall be, unless
you mean to consider them as deserters from the army.
If so, I wish it to be expressed ; where blood is concerned,
the law cannot be too plain. Enclosed I transmit to you
the sentence of a general court martial against several per-
sons, for your approbation. The nature of their crimes
demand speedy execution, if you should confirm the sen-
tences. Mabee is to be executed on Friday next.
I have not been permitted to write more than one sen-
tence at a time of this letter. I must therefore beg you
to view it with candor.
I have the honor to be,
Gentlemen, your humble servant,
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
Jpril 23d.
1 have received advice that there are twenty-two sail, of
different sizes, now lying near Fort Washington, and
have reason to suspect ihey intend paying me another visit;
for the tories have been soliciting them to come up in pur-
suit of wagons and teams ; and the general informed me
of four regiments being under embarking orders, at an
hour's notice, on Staten island. The wind to-day prevents,
if they are bound up, but if that is their intention they
will embrace the first that favours them. Forts Montgo-
mery and Constitution are advised of this. If no more
than the four regiments come up, I trust to be able to give
a good account of them, if the Connecticut militia do their
duly ; but if the most of those vessels have troops on
board, I shall be obliged to act on the defensive till I am
reinforced.
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
The Honourable the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Proceedings of the Committee to whom was referred General McDou-
gall's letter.]
The committee to whom was referred the letter of Bri-
gadier-General McDougali, have come to the following
resolutions, which they beg leave to report :
Resolved, That in the present situation of the militia of
this State, no strength can be drawn therefrom to reinforce
Genl. McDougali, at Peekskill, exclusive of those lately
drafted by Genl. Clinton.
Resolved, That the company of horse in Orange county,
commanded by Capt. Woodhull, be immediately ordered
to Peekskill ; that the said Capt. Woodhull be directed to
put himself under the command of Brigadier-General
McDougali, and that he continue in service uniil the first
day of August next, unless sooner discharged by the exe-
cutive power of this State.
Resolved, That be appointed to have the
galleys belonging to this State repaired and equipped, and
that he transmit the account thereof to this Convention, or
future Legislature of this State, for payment.
Your committee further report a draft of a letter to
Genl. McDougali, which they beg leave to submit.
Sir — Your favour of the 21st instant has been laid be-
fore Convention, in answer to which I am directed to in-
form you that, from the present situation of aflfairs in
Dutchess county, no dependance whatever can be put upon
the strength of the militia intended to be drawn into ser-
vice from that part of the State, which appears, not only
from the reluctance they indicate in going into the service,
but the spirit of disaffection prevailing in that quarter,
which is so great that the drafts of whole companies have
deserted and gone to the enemy. Hence you will perceive
that it is better not to call upon thern than lay a basis for
the reinforcement of the enemy. It is with the greatest
concern Convention view the distracted state of the militia
of this State, which in a great measure proceeds from the
frequent calls for them into the field. Besides, the un-
wearied exertions of our domestic enemies creates constant
employment for our well affected mihtia. Conspiracies
are forming in almost every part of the State, which, if
not defeated in time, we fear will produce the most serious
consequences. The drafts from two regiments in Dutchess
county have to a man refused to march. Convention have
appointed a committee to repair there, to inquire into the
reasons of their neglect, and use their utmost endeavours
to convince the people of the necessity of exerting them-
selves at this critical juncture.
The Rev. Mr. Evans, mentioned in your letter, is al-
ready appointed chaplain to the second battalion ; and the
vacancy of a majority in the fifth battalion is filled up by
Major Logan. The comraissious for the officers of our
f
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
427
battalions have necessarily been delayed for some time in
collecting their respective ranks, but are now made out and
forwarded.
Nothino- will be wanting on the part of the Convention
to procure a sufficient quantity of clothing and medicine
for the troops of this State by the fall.
The resolutions of the 17t'h instant, extending the reso-
lutions of the 1st instant to persons who should be taken
going off to the enemy, consequently involve in it thai
persons convicted of the crimes were subject to the penal-
lies incurred by the first.
Mr. LANDON,
Mr. GANESVOORT,
Mr. WM. SMITH,
Committee.
[Letter from William Dobbs, about sail clothj
Kingston, April 21, 1777.
Gentlemen, — I am ordered by the quarter-master-
general, to procure sail cloth, sails &c. &c. for the use of
tent making, for the Continental army. The present de-
mand, is for tents for twenty-six thousand men. Near
one thousand tents are yet wanting. Being daily called on
for tents, obliges us to exert ourselves in that department.
I am informed the brig commanded by Capt. Charles
Spraingen, now in your possession, has a suit of sails,
which if the Honourable Convention, will be pleased to
spare for the use above mentioned, they will contribute
much to the public good.
And oblige your very humble ser.
WILLEM DOBBS.
To the Honourable the Convention for the State of New-York.
[Letter from Alex. McDougall.]
Head Quarters, )
Peeks Kill, 2bth 1777. 5
My Dear Sir, — His Excellency, the General informed
me in a late letter, that three deserters informed him, that
four regiments, about nine hundred, were under orders on
Staten island to embark on an hour's notice. From cor-
responding intelligence, they must be designed by the
tories to come up in search of waggons and recruits. Per-
haps the movement of troops from the eastward to this
post, (as they will be advised of it,) may prevent them.
If that number come in two days, we shall have our dif-
ficulties ; however, I hope to prevent some of them re-
turning. None of York Militia has yet appeared ; the
country below is much distressed. A company of the N.
E. militia, now there, will leave them in a few days, their
time of service expires the first of May. I wish I had
one of New-York to replace them ; the enemy are getting
supplies of stock and recruits from the other side, from the
neighbourhood of our lines next Jersey. Can no means
be devised to stop it ? Our friend, Mr. Thos. Smith is very
uneasy about it. If the enemy should land at Haverstraw
and here to endeavour to pass the highlands, what strength
have you to guard the pass in the Clove ? Although the
appearances are for their going to Philadelphia, the strata-
gems of war are various ; I should not be surprised if they
came up the river. The movement may easily be made ;
we ought if possible to be prepared for such an event.
I am so worn out with correspondence and other busi-
ness that I can only add that,
I am, dear sir.
Your affectionate hble. servt.
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
To Geo. Clinton.
Copy.
[Letter from Alexr. McDougall.]
Head Quarters, \
Peeks Kill, 23d. April, 1777. J
Dear Sir, — I have this moment received advice, that
there are twenty-two sails of different sorts, anchored just
before Fort Washington. These I suspect to be the troops
I mentioned to you a few days ago with additions. The
wind prevents their moving up at present, but they may be
expected by the first wind, perhaps to night if the present
varies. You will therefore, put your post in the best pos-
ture of defence, and get what assistance you can from the
well affected militia.
Please to send the letter which accompanies, to Colonel
Willett, by a whale boat.
I am sir.
Your humbl. servt.
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
To Geo. Clinton.
A Return of the garrison at Fort Montgomery, agreeable to the returns made by the commanding officers of the
different regiments, 25th April, 1777.
OFFICERS
PRESENT.
Non-commi'd.
Bank and file.
Alterations
since last
Commissioned.
Staff.
return.
REGIMENTS.
1 Colonels.
1 Lieut. Colonels.
1 Majors.
1 Captains.
1 1st. Lieutenants.
1 2d. Lieutenants.
Ensigns.
Chaplains.
Adjutants.
Quarter-Masters.
Surgeons.
Mates.
Sergeant-Majors. |
Qr. Mr. Sergeants. (
Drum and fife major .|
Sergeants. |
Drummer and fifer. |
Present fit for duty.
Sick present. |
Sick absent. |
On command. |
On furlough. |
Recruiting.
Total.
Enlisted.
Dead.
Deserted. |
Discharged.
1
1
6
6
4
5
5
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
IS
11
12
9
6
7
240
132
149
11
10
7
7
1
4
10
4
276
14S
IfiO
1
2
1
5
1
1
1
i
1
i
1
5
1
3
2
1
1
i
3
5
4
1
3
2
1
M
15
14
4
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
41
22
521
28
12
G
14
3
hS4
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
33
*2
t2
37
• bombardiers. fGunners.
Lieut. Colo. Bruyn of Colo. Duboys' regiment on command at Kingston.
One captain and one first lieutenant not joined ; one captain, five lieutenants and four ensigns recruiting.
On command— 1 with General AlcDougal at Peekskill.
2 at the armourers' shops at Fishkill.
2 at the hospital with the sick at Fishkill.
1 of Colo. Pawling's men on command at Little Britain.
Total,.... _6
— JAMES CLINTON, Brigr. Genl.
428
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Extract of a letter from Genl. Washington.]
Head Quarters, )
Morrislown. jlpril 23d, 1777. J
Dear Sir, — By a person sent into Brunswick, I nm in-
formed that General Skinner's force, consists of about one
thousand, to be joined by sonne regular troops, and to pro-
ceed from Bergen through Sussex, and the back part of
the Jerseys, when the troops march for Philadelphia.
I think this movement so probable, as it will give them
access to a part of the country most notoriously disaffect-
ed, that I desire you will post a body of militia of the
Stale of New-York on this side of the North river, in such
place as you shall think most safe to prevent them from
being surprised, and at the same time, proper to intercept
Skinner's corps, if they should attempt the above men-
tioned route._
General Heard, with about two hundred Jersey militia,
marched this day to take post at Pumpton, and e.xlend
himself towards Hackensack ; Colo. Dey, will also, have
some small parties of his regiment in that quarter. If the
enemy should move, they by being called upon, may af-
ford some assistance.
I have communicated the above to General McDougall,
and also another piece of advice, that the enemy embark-
ed a brigade of about seven hundred men, the night of the
twentieth, and that it was imagined they intended to go up
the North river.
To Geo. Clinton.
(Letter from Gen. George Clinton, enclosing copies of letters from
Genl. McDougal to him, and a return of Fort Montgomery.]
Fore Montgomery, 2Gth ^pril, 1777.
Dear Sir — The enclosed copies of letters from his E.x-
cellency. General Washington, and Genl. McDougall, will
inform you of the designs and movements of the enemy in
this quarter, up to their respective dates, and the enclosed
return gives you the strength of this garrison.
Last night, by express from Genl. McDougal at Peeks
Kill, I was informed that the enemy's fleet consisting of
twelve square rigged vessels, and a number of others had
got up this river as far as Dobbs' Ferry, so that we may
reasonably expect them here this afternoon, if the present
light southerly breeze continues.
This post, considering its defenceless state on the land
side, is really weak, but the intelligence contained in Genl.
Washington's letter is such, that 1 think it would rather be
imprudent to call in the back mililia, especially from
Orange county, I have therefore only ordered a small part
of Colo. McClahry's regiment, to reinforce this garrison,
and put the whole of Orange, and the south part of Ulster
under marching orders, on a moment's warning, that they
may be ready to meet the enemy in that quarter where they
may be most wanted.
By the best accounts I have been able to get, very few
of the Dutchess militia, have yet arrived at the other two
forts in the Highlands, and most of those that have, are
without arms, as are also many of those at this post. By
the last accounts, (for I have had no regular returns,)
Orange county had but two hundred and seventy men, of
their quota at the post near Sydman's bridge, the place for
which they were destined. I have sent positive orders to
complete their complements, which is about five hundred,
and for the officer commanding them, to co-operate with
Genl. Heard, as occasion may require.
The artificers and men employed at the works near
New- Windsor are embodied and under the command of
Major Logan, and I have ordered two pieces over, on
travelling carriages, from Fish Kill, to enable them to de-
fend those works, in case any of the enemy's vessels
should chance to pass this, which I would fain hope, how-
ever, we will not suffer, if their numbers should not much
exceed the accounts contained in the enclosed. I do not
fear, but we shall give a good account of ihem.
I am,
Your most obedt. servt,
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honourable the President
of the Convention of the Stale of New-York.
[A letter from Egbert Benson and M. Smith, at Pougbkeepsie, request'
ing ammunition.]
Poughkeepsie, April 28<A, 1777.
Sir — The small quantity of ammunition which the late
committee procured has long since been expended, and we
are now, except a few rounds for our guards, destitute of
any. In case of an insurrection or alarm, we shall be obliged
to depend on our friends ; and I could wish to have it in our
power to provide them with a proper quantity of ammu-
nition.
You will please to lay this matter before Convention ;
and we should be glad to have about 300 lbs. of powder,
and a proportionable quantity of lead sent to us. We shall
have the whole made up into cartridges immediately, and
the Convention may be assured that it shall be distributed
to such persons as we can fully confide in.
We remain
Your very huml. servts.
EGBT. BENSON.
MELANCTON SMITH.
[Letter from the Delegates in Congress, at Philadelphia.}
Philadelphia, April 29th, 1777.
Sir — In our last, we hinted at the want of vigour and
exertion in this Slate. We wish it was in our power to
assure you that an effectual remedy had been applied ; but
though the enemy is daily expected, an astonishing lan-
guor prevails, and the embodying a competent force to op-
pose ihe meditated invasion, seems to be a distant object.
The seat of this disease is not an indifference to the cause,
for the whigs are sufficiently numerous to defend their
country against any army that can at present be brought
against it. The unhappy dispute about their Constitution
is the fatal rock on which they have split, and which
threatens them with destruction. We ardently wish that
in our own State the utmost caution may be used to avoid
a like calamity. Every wise man here wishes that the
establishment of new forms of government had been de-
ferred : they see that the union, vigour and security derived
from conventions and committees are not to be found in
any Slate under its new Constitution.
We have hitherto left the subject of our instructions un-
touched ; but in the course of a few days they shall be in-
troduced. To become acquainted with the persons and
characters of the members requires some time, and is of
great importance. We find several of our House desirous
to know the merits of our claim. Congress, from your
past letters, have a right to expect a representation ; and
we wait with impatience for the reports and maps, to eluci-
date our boundary.
Colonel Varrick gives General Schuyler a disagreeable
account of the disaffection prevailing in Albany county.
General Gates writes in warm terms to Congress on the
same subject. We wish to know the particulars, and the
means which Convention pursues for the suppression of
this dangerous spirit. It is of moment to our Slate that
we receive the earliest intelhgence of every material oc-
currence which can excite curiosity or animadversion,
especially since the change in the military command.
General Gates is far from being partial to our State. You
cannot be at a loss for the reason. Our revolters seem to
possess his esteem : he was in their councils here, and has
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
429
left a most extraordinary recommendation in their favour,
whicli, if we are at liberty, shall be communicated. He
mentions that he has ordered 500 troops into Albany. Is
this in concert with the Convention or Committee, and
founded on good reasons ? For when we are beyond
measure distressed for troops, it must be an urgent neces-
sity indeed which can justify detaining so large a number
in that city.
In the critical circumstances of our northern frontiers,
give us leave to suggest the propriety of having a com-
mittee of your House on the spot, to represent the State,
watch over its enemies, and secure its reputation against
intrigue and calumny ; and above all, to take care that in
case of any misfortune to the northward, our respectable
constituents may neither deserve or suffer reproach.
We are, with the utmost regard, sir.
Your most obedient, humble servants,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
WM. DUER.
The Honble. President of the
Convention of New- York,
[Letter from W. Hicks at Jamaica.]
Jamaica, June 29th, 1776.
Sir — Please to let the Committee of the Congress
know that I will wait on them in person, on Monday next.
I am, sir,
Your humble servt.
WHITEHEAD HICKS.
John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from Thomas Hadden.]
Gentlemen — I write to let you know how I came by
the money. My brother sent for me to come to West-
chester, and I went, and when I came there, he told me
that he wanted me to go home and to tell my father to go
to the committee and see if they would allow them to
come home with the provision of joining of them, for they
were sick of being from home; and while I was there, there
came one Joseph Ashley, as he called himself, and offered
me a great price for my horse, and I took it, for I thought
no harm in it, for I wish my country as well as any man,
and am wilHng to do as much good as I can to it, and I
never meant to wrong any man in my life ; and I am very
sorry to lay here.
Gentlemen your most obedient,
THOMAS HADDEN.
To the Convention.
[Letter from Albany Committee.]
Jlbany, April 2d, 1777.
Sir — In consequence of orders received from the Ho-
nourable the Convention of this State, you are hereby or-
dered to apprehend Major William Edmiston, and him
convey to Kingston with all convenient speed, and there
deliver him to the custody of the said Convention or their
order.
By order of the Committee.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
Peter Rueten, lieutenant in
Col. Livingston's regiment.
[Resolutions of Continental Congress of the 29th April, 1777.]
In Congress, April 29, 1777.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the several States
forthwith to order the sums advanced by them for recruit-
ing the Continental battalions, raised by the said Slates
[Vol. II.] 108
together with the names of the ofScers receiving the same,
to be transmitted to the pay-masters of such battalions,
and that the said pay-masters be respectively required to
call such officers to account therefor, who shall produce
certificates from the muster-master or deputy muster-mas-
ter-general, specifying the number of non-commissioned
officers and soldiers ; and also, if officers of the light horse,
the number of horses and arms and equipage, belonging to
their respective regiments, companies or troops, together
with such other vouchers as shall be necessary to prove the
sums expended for these articles, the subsistence of the
troops before their joining the army, the loss of money by
death or desertions of non-commissioned officers and sol-
diers before muster, or other necessary expenses. And
it is further recommended to the said States, that they
order the said regimental pay-masters to report to them
the settlement of the said accounts, together with the vou-
chers, to be produced, when confirmed by the said States,
to the treasury board, on adjustment of their accounts.
That it be recommended to the said States, if any of
the regimental pay-masters shall neglect to obey the di-
rections as aforesaid, to order their names to be transmit-
ted 10 the Commander-in-Chief of the department, who
shall thereupon remove from office such delinquent pay-
masters, and supply their places with such others as he
shall think qualified therefor.
That if any officer shall not, within one month after
application for that purpose, render such account, the re-
gimental pay -master requiring the same shall make report
thereof to the Commander-in-Chief of the department, who
shall order a court-martial on such officer, and also on
such other officer or officers as shall be guilty of embez-
zling the public money, and the fact being ascertained by
their report, shall immediately cause him to be cashiered,
and a copy of the report delivered to the regimental pay-
master, to be transmitted to the State to which he be-
longs, that such Slate may give proper orders for com-
pelling the delinquent officer to account in a court of
justice.
That duplicate accounts of all moneys advanced by Con-
gress, by general officers and by the pay-master and de-
puty pay-masters-general, for recruiting Continental bat-
talions, be transmitted by the treasury board, such gene-
ral officers and pay-master and deputy pay-masters-gen-
eral respectively to the commissioners of accounts for the
army in the northern and middle departments, who shall
deliver the same to the respective regimental pay-mas-
ters, to enable them to call the officers chargeable with
such money to account in the manner before directed ;
and the said regimental pay-masters shall transmit to the
respective commissioners aforesaid, the settlement of such
accounts with the vouchers, who shall report to the trea-
sury office those which are approved of by them, and
shall proceed with the regimental pay-master neglecting
to obey their directions herein, and officers not accounting
for the moneys by them received as aforesaid, in the man-
ner proposed to be pursued by the States in the preced-
ing resolve.
That the general officers, pay-masters and deputy pay-
masters-general respectively, be also directed to transmit
to the treasury office duplicate accounts of all moneys ad-
vanced by them for recruiting Continental battalions as
aforesaid.
That all regimental pay-masters be directed to apply to
the respective commissioners for accounts of the sums ad-
vanced to their officers as aforesaid.
That all commissioners of claims or accounts be cm-
powered to administer oaths or affirmations to persons ex-
amined by them in the execution of their office.
E.vtract from the minutes.
CHARLES THOMSON, Secretary.
430
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from the Secretary at War to Mr. Wisner, slating the difficulty
of procuring a person to make gun flints.]
IVar Office, 27th March, 1777.
Sir — The board have received your letter on the subject
of sulphur and flints. They are happy lo hear a supply
of materials for manufacturing so important articles as
brimstone and flints can be procured your way. They
desire a sample of the sulphur, and are sorry lo inform you
no person can be got here capable of manufacturing flints.
There is a Mr. Lee, an innkeeper in this city, who says
he was bred to and fully understands the business, but his
terms are so monstrously extravagant that they amount to a
prohibition against his being employed, so that he either
will not engage, or professes what he cannot perform.
I am your very obedt. servl.
RICHARD PETERS, Seaj.
Mr. WisNKR.
[Letter from the Chairman of the Committee of Marbletown, stating
the case of Cornelius Sammons.J
Marbletown, jlpril 30th, 1777.
Gentlemen — Cornelius Sammons, a person whom we
have had before us, and interrogated, but not clear in what
manner to act, we beg leave to present him lo you with the
crime he was apprehended on.
On Thursday night last a number of persons engaged
in the ministerial service were seen in the outward part of
ihe township, but it not being known before the next morn-
ing, the ofliceis as soon as possible assembled their men,
in order to search after and take them ; he, the said Cor-
nelius Sammons, heard they were going in quest of the
said enemy, and his brother some time before left his ha-
bitation, which we suppose was engaged against us, and
in the party they were going to pursue ; the said Cornelius
Sammons made his escape into the mountains, where we
since hear the enemy passed along, and remained absent
until Monday last, then relumed home.
Gentlemen, we are suspicious of his fidelity lo the Unit-
ed States of America, but have no plain proof against him,
therefore beg leave to rest the matter in your consideration.
We are, gentlemen,
Your humb. servts.
Per order of the committee.
JACOB HASBROUCK, Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Ticonderoga, stating the bad. condition of the garrison.]
Ticonderoga, 2d jlpril, 1777.
My DEAR General — I inclose you the return of this
garrison, which has been in a very fluctuating state for a
long lime ; it can ebb no lower, as all the militia are gone
home — those now on the ground are raised on the new es-
tablishment. I hope your despatches, together with an
express I sent lo the Council at Boston, after hearing of
your intended journey to Philadelphia by the receipt of
yours of the 21st ult. will have the desired elfect in push-
ing on the troops and necessary supplies.
It is with much pain I observe at least one-third of the
troops now on the ground composed of negroes, Indians
and children ; but there are some good soldiers that would
do honour to any Slate or army. I use every exertion in
perfecting ihem in the diff'erent manoiuvres, and should the
enemy make an attack in the present debilitated stale of
the garrison, I doubt not but I shall be able lo maintain the
post until succours can have time to arrive.
It is a melancholy reflection that we should be necessi-
tated to retain Indians and negroes in our ranks. Have
we not white men, have we not freemen sufficient without
them? we certainly have; why then are they enlisted?
By my soul, I could never endure the taunts and insults,
which I would be subject to as a prisoner, with so motley
a garrison.
I thank my Hod that I have some good troops, with
whom (if I should not be fortunate enough to maintain this
post,) I shall fall with honour, and my memory, at least, be
rescued from contempt.
By your favour of the 26th ult. the gentlemen lo the
southward are not apprehensive of an attack lo the north-
ward ; I sincerely wish, {for the first time,) there may be
none ; but from every circumstance, it is more than proba-
ble that they will pay us a visit in the course of this tnonth.
[Letter from the Committee on Assays for the discovery of Lead, &c.
relative to granting assistance lo McDonald, the mmer.]
Kingston, 2d Jlpril, 1777.
Sir — The Convention having appointed us a committee
for making discoveries and assays in lead, black lead, sul-
phur and gun flints, we have sent the bearer, John McDo-
nald, miner, to explore the lead mine at Roclicster, and re-
port the same to us, and have directed him to apply lo you
for any assistance he may want for that purpose ; we must
therefore request you to give him such necessary assistance
as he may want, and any cost you shall be at therein, we
will see paid. McDonald is allowed 85. per day for wages
and subsistence.
We are, sir, with respect,
Your very humble servants.
[Letter from the Chairman of the Committee of Albany, relative to
Major Edmeston, and the scarcity of plank.]
Jllbany, 2d April, YJTl.
Sir — Upon the receipt of your letter, we have caused
Major Edmeston lo be apprehended, and as the troops sta-
tioned in this city will leave it in a few days, and the ma-
jor's connection extensive, we think it will not answer the
purpose intended to have him confined hire, and therefore
shall this day send him'down lo your care.
We have received a letter from Mr. Hughes, quarter-
master, desiring that a considerable quantity of boards may
be immediately sent lo him ; that article not being so plenty
as usual, and high prices demanded, principally owing to
their being bought up by designing men. We shall be
glad to have the direction of Convention how to conduct in
this matter.
We are, sir,
Your most obt. humb. serls.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the President of the Convention,
at Kingston.
[Letter from the Chairman of the Committee of Hurley, requesting
the removal of certain Canadians.]
Hurley, 7th April, 1777.
Gentlemen — Some lime in March last we made appli-
cation lo General Schuyler, in behalf of the inhabitants of
this town, upon whom sundry Canadians have been billeted
since the beginning of January last : they have, of late at
sundry times, represented to us the difficulties they be-
gan to be put lo, on account of the consumption ot the
provisions they had laid up for their families only, and
threatened us, that if in case we found no other place for
them, they should be obliged lo deliver them into our care.
The General told us that he would lay the matter before
the Convention in Kingston ; which we have since learned
he has done, although we have not as yet found any relief
in the case.
We therefore beg leave to lay the matter likewise before
this Convention, and pray that some other place may be
pointed out where the said Canadians can go for their sub-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
431
sistence, or such other relief in the premises, as they shall
ihink proper.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most humble servt.
By order of the committee.
JACOBUS HAllDENBERGH
Chairman.
To the Convention of the State of New-York,
convened in ICingston, Ulster County.
[Letter from Colonel Williams, stating the unwillingness of the militia
to serve under the State of New-York.]
County of Cumberland, State of New-York, >
mimington, April XZth, 1777. i
The Honourable Convention of the State of New-Yorh
at Kingston :
I would inform your honours that I have received the
resolves of the Convention for raising every fifth man to
go in the service to reinforce Ticonderoga, &c. likewise
General Schuyler's orders thereon. Immediately I sent
out my orders for the purpose aforesaid, but I find that in
general the men are averse to go out under the State of
New- York, neither do I think it possible for me to raise
any men ; they are ready to go out under the notion of
New-Hampshire Grants, or a new State : but for my own
part I am willing to serve under York until the matter can
be decided by the Continental Congress ; and I heartily
wish the matter may be settled.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedient, devoted, humble servant,
WILLIAM WILLIAMS, Colo.
P. S. I never received the orders from General Schuy-
ler till March 28th.
w. w.
The Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York, at Kingston.
[Letter from John Lawrance, tendering his resignation of the office of
paymaster to the Fourth regiment.]
Morris Town, 13th .April, 1777.
Sir — His Excellency General Washington has been
pleased to appoint me Judge Advocate to the army of the
United States of America ; I am, therefore, under the ne-
cessity of resigning the office of paymaster to the fourth
regiment, commanded by Colonel Henry B. Livingston,
which I beg you will be pleased to accept.
I am, sir, vour obedient servant,
' JOHN LAWRANCE.
Robert Yates, Esqr.
[Letter from Gloryana Stevenson, asking permission to take possession
of a farm in Salem, Westchester county.]
Salem, Westchester countxj, Jlpril iTth, 1777.
Sir — You may see by my son, my circumstances. I have
hired a house and a little land with an expectation of get-
ting the Aursbuirne farm adjoining, as he has gone to the re-
gulars, and the committee has sold his stock and goods,
and I shall be obliged to the Honourable Convention to give
me the liberty to take this farm till further orders, and
about eight acres of wheat on the ground, which so I will
account for, as the committee has not seized the wheat.
So doing, the Honourable Convention will much oblige.
Their humble servant,
GLORYANA STEVENSON.
To Conll. BhasHORE in Congress.
[Letter from Jas. Duane.]
Mamacotling, 10th Jpril, 1777.
Sir — I have received satisfactory information at this
place, that there is a rich lead mine two miles cast from
Miller's tavern, on the public road ; the distance 40 miles
from Kingston, and the road very good. The lot in which
it lies belongs to Mr. Peter V. B. Livingston. Give me
leave sir, to press Convention immediately to give orders
for making the necessary experiments, which can be done
at a very small expense, and in a few days. I am confi-
dent Congress will esteem it an object of importance, and
if it succeeds, your delegates will be pleased with an op-
portunity of communicating the discovery. What shall
we say concerning sulphur ? that there is abundance of it
at Cherry Valley, I make no question. Our attempts to
avail our country of this great advantage are, I fear, very
feeble ; no care nor expense ought to be spared in prose-
cuting this business with vigour ; nor ought flints to be ne-
glected. I lament that I omitted to obtain from the com-
mittee an account of their progress before I left Kingston.
May I request you, sir, to submit to Convention the pro-
priety of nominating some active member in my stead on
the salt committee. The person we employed to make
assays waits at Albany for instructions, suggesting with-
out any reasonable foundation, his apprehension of the In-
dians. I say, without reasonable foundation, because Ge-
neral Schuyler assured me that the Indians were heartily
disposed to permit the manufacture of salt to be carried
on in their country for our benefit.
I am, with the greatest respect, sir.
Your most obedient humble servant,
JAS. DUANE.
Honl. PiERE Van Cortlandt, Vice-
President of the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from A. Hamilton.]
Morris Town, April 12th, 1777.
Gentlemen — His Excellency requests that you will
transmit the enclosed letter to General Wayne, by the first
safe opportunity.
I am, gentlemen,
Yr. most humble serv.
A. HAMILTON.
Honourable the Committee of Correspondence
of the Convention of New-York.
[[Letter from the Northeast Precinct Committee to Joseph Harris.]
North East Precinct, )
In Committee, 12th April, 1777. \
Sr. — This committee has been informed by several per-
sons that you will not be able to carry on the making of
scythes to the extent you have formerly, as your journey-
men were likely to be drafted into the service ; and as you
have for these several years past greatly supplied the in-
habitants in this part with that necessary article, and at
this time especially, they will be so much wanted ; we
would therefore earnestly recommend to you to make ap-
plication to our Convention, praying them to free the men
you have now employed from being liable to any drafts in the
service during the time they are actually employed by you
in that business, and from our knowledge of you, we
make no doubt but you will use your utmost endeavours to
carry it on to as great an extent as lays in your power, as
it will be of great importance to this part of the country.
1 am, sr. by order of comniiltee,
Your very humble servt.
HUGH RE A, Chairman.
To Mr. Joseph Harhis.
[Letter from Hugh Hughes, D. M. C. on the subject of exempting the
workmen at Sterling Iron Works from military duty.]
Fish Kill, 9th April, 1777.
Sir — Having been ordered by (toncral Mifflin and Ge-
neral Knox, to purchase about a hundred tons of iron, ma-
nufactured at Sterling iron works, I accordingly apjjlied to
Messrs Noble andTownscnd, who informed me the bearer,
Mr. Win. Hawks, that they cannot furnish near ihiit
quantity unless their workmen can be cxcmptcci from dc-
tachuicnis and other military duties, and desire that they
432
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
may be empowered by your Honble. House, to protect,
at least, as many as are absolutely necessary for llic use
of the service.
The reputation of their iron is such, that General Knox
desired that I would purchase no other for the use of the
laboratory and train, nor will any other that has been tried
in our department bear plating for spades, &c. so well as
iheir's does. Nor is their steel less necessary, having con-
tracted for several tons, which ought to have been deliver-
ed before now, but has been delayed on account of their
hands being drawn out on sundry occasions.
If the Honourable Convention can devise any means to
forward the services, I am very sensible that the reflection
will be a far greater inducement than any thing which can
be offered by me, and beg the affair may be communicated
in such manner and time as will be most agreeable to them
and yourself, sir.
I am, with great regard, sir.
Your most obedient and very humble servant.
HUGH HUGHES, D. M. G.
The Honble. the President of the
Convention of the Slate of New York.
[Letter from Col. Gansevoort."]
Albany, March 31, 1777.
Sir — I must once more apologize to the Convention for
not sending a return of my regiment agreeable to their or-
der. The dispersion of my officers upon the recruiting
service, has prevented me ; but as I am now under march-
ing orders for Fort Schuyler, with that part of my regi-
ment which is here, I have ordered all the officers in with
their recruits. I shall soon be able to transmit you the re-
turn requested.
I am, most respectfully, sir.
Your very hum. servant,
P. GANSEVOORT.
To Abkaham Ten Bboeck, Esqr.
[Peter Van Schaack's Parole of Honour.]
jlpril 4, 1777.
I, Peter Van Schaack, of Kinderhook, in the county of
Albany, Esquire, do hereby promise and engage upon my
honour as a gentleman, to return to my usual place of abode,
and remain there till the further order of the Convention
or future executive power of the State of New-York, to
attend the said Convention or executive power, on notice
for that purpose ; and in the mean time, that I will neither
directly nor indirectly do or say any thing to the prejudice
of the American cause. In witness whereof, I have here-
unto subscribed my name at Kingston, in Ulster county,
this fourth day of April, 1777.
PETER VAN SCHAACK.
Test. Rob. Benson, Sec'y.
PROMEMORIA.
Ueber die Einrichtung einer Schwefel — Manufactory.
1. Erfordert die Materie won welchem alle Wasservon
den Springen abgegraben worden sind.
Ein feines Sieb mit einer hohen Zarg, um die Materie
durch das Sieb za waschen, von allem Laub und Holz,
wie die vorgezeigte Materie auszeigt, sonst, wo dieser
Unrath dabey bleibt, kein feiner Schwefel kan gemacht
werden.
2. Wird erfordert Eintaugung — Kasten, von Bretern
zusamraen gemacht, worin der Schwefel durch den Sieb
gewascht wird, — diese gewaschte Materie muss noch einen
anderen Kasten haben worin die gewaschte Materie aulbe-
halten werden kan, zu dem gebrauch, den Schwefel durch
zu distilieren.
3. Muste Anstellung gemacht werden, um etliche taus-
ent gebackene Steine fur zwei Ofens aufzufuhren, einen
zum rohbrennen den anderen zum .
4. Indem dieser Ofen muss ein Bau aufgeschlajzen wer-
den, und mil Bretern gedeckt und zugeschlagen. Es muss
cine Wohnung dabei gemacht werden worin der Meister
wohnen kann, es ware gut wann fur die Arbeiier audi bre-
terne Boracken gemacht werden um die Arbeiter bey der
Hand zu haben.
5. Hierzu werden erfordert drey Manner, den Schwefel
zum Kasten zu bringen, ein Mann der nichts anders thun
kann als Holz zu machen, und inder Brenerei zu arbeiten.
6. Nach volzognem Contract mussen vershiedene Mate-
rialen gemacht werden, und auf die Schmelz — hutten
geshickt werden, die Maschienen van Eisen zu giesen,
zum Gebranah der Fabrick.
7. Konte ein grosser Nulzen gemacht werden, wann
man von der frei bestandigen Erde haben konte, eine
Schiffsladung dieser ist mir bekannt, und habe in Sing
Sing auf der Silbermiene die Erde bekommen konnen,
weiss aber den Ort nicht mehr zu nennen — der Meister Ko-
mel ein Backer ein brafer Mann in New-York deselbe
weiss den Platz wo Erde zu bekommen ist ich habe mir
sagen lassen, dass der Meister Komel sich dermalen in
Albany auf halt, es ware zu wunschen dass sich die Hochge-
bittenden Herren bemuhen um die Erde zu bekommen.
CASPAR SLANDT.
Cherry Valley, den 20/e» jSpril, 1777.
8. Mein Jann bringt eine Probe Schwefel mit, wie auch
ein stuck Schwefelkux vyelchen mir Meister Horboot zu-
gestellt, und auch den Platz angeben, wo dieser Kux zu
finden ist, wo fur mein Jann das Gebirg betrachten werd —
von diesem Kux giebt das hundert Gewichl 24 Pfund Sch-
wefel wo von die Probe folget, das ruckstandige giebt noch
Victriol.
9. Die Lothmanner am Mohabs arbor haben anch im
Augenschein genommen, konnten aber wegen dem grossen
Wasser die Bluladern nicht sehen, man finde dem Anse-
hen nach dass in dem Berg ein grosser Schatz verborgen
liegt, es findet sich ein Schiffer, denn Vermutbem nach ist
es ein Alaumshiffer woraus Alaum gemacht wird. Es fin-
det sich viel Schwefelkux in dem Gebirg es musten aber
4 Berg manner da angelegt werden.
[Letter from Caspar Slandt.]
Cherry Valley, ^pril der 1, 1777.
HOCHBEBITTESDER CoNGBESS !
Ewr : Hochgeehrten berichte, dass ich auf den Schwe-
fel spring — Hill das Wasser habe abgraben lassen ; um den
Swefel zu erhalten, sogleich auch lassen wir den Bergein-
schlagen, woraus die Springen kommen, um den rechten
grund worin der Schwefel steckt zu erhalten — auf diesen
Platz arbeiten zwey Manner, im Springhill arbeiten auch
2 Manner, und lassen das Wasser abgraben um den
Schwefel zu erhalten. Dieser Platz scheint der beste zu
sein, inberhaupt findet man fast in alien Orthen Materg
genug, um eine Fabrick angulegen.
Vrunftigen Samstag wird die Blei Miene eingegraben.
Elliches von diesem Erz ist mir gegeben worden, habe sol-
ches auch probiert, und finde im hundert Gewicht 70
Pfund Bley.
Es halt auch Silver, da ich das Erz nicht selbst
aus der Miene genommen habe, zeige ich das Gew-
ibht des Silbers nicht an. Ich werde dann eine andere
Schwefel — Miene in der Gegent der Blei — Miene selbst
in Augenschein nehmen. Es ist mir von solcher Matery
gegeben worden, sie siehtmir sehr wolil an.
Aus dieser Matery kann mann nicht allein Schwefel
machen, sondern auch Victriol. Nun fehlt mir an Geldt
um die Arbeiter zube zahlen, und meine Zehrung — wie
auch den Blacksmidt, welcher rerschiedenes Werkzeug
gemacht. Sobald wie etwas Geldt geschickt wird werde
ich selbst auf Sopus gehen, um zuvernehmen bei den
Hochge, ehrten wie die Sachen anzugreifea sind ; langer
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
433
hier zubleiben ahne ausgemachte Sachen kommt keine Fa-
brick auf.
tSolten Jhre Hochgeehrten kein Geldt schicken, so schic-
ken Sie mir eine Anweisung wo ich Geldt empfangen kann.
Ewr : Hochgebittender,
Dienstwilliger,
CASPAR SLANDT.
[Letter from Col. WiUett.]
Fort Constitution, March 29, 1777.
Hon'ble Gentlemen — On the landing of the enemy at
Peek's last Sunday, I received orders from Genl. McDoii-
gall to leave a subaltern's guard at this post, and march
with the rest of our regiment, that were stationed here, to
Peek's Kill, from which place I did not return until last
night ; during my absence a certain Lieut. Sutton, who
commanded the artillery at this post, went to the farm of
Mr. Beverly Robinson, and among other outrages took
possession of sundry horses, which he brought to this gar-
rison. Lieut. Sutton, for his unsoldierly conduct, will, no
doubt, meet with his reward ; and the horses I purpose to
return to the farm ; but as there is no doubt but Mr. Ro-
binson has gone to the enemy, I humbly conceive the
sooner the Convention takes possession of the farm the
better, as there is a fine stock of cattle on it, especially
sheep ; besides, who knows but Mrs. Robinson may meet
with another Sutton, and fresh insults, such as tend only
to sully the glory of Freedom's cause ; and indeed it does
not appear to me prudent to leave so fine a stock in a place
so liable to be ravaged by the enemy ; but this is not my
main business at present.
When the enemy landed at Peek's Kill, although by far
the greatest part of the second and fourth regiments of the
State were there, so small a number did they consist of, that
notvvithstandmg the enemy did not appear to be more than
eight or nine hundred strong, the General was under a ne-
cessity of retiring from that important post ; mortifying
consideration ! Can no way he fallen upon to complete
our few battalions 1 That there are plenty of men, is clear,
for you can scarcely go into a farmer's house but you will
see some loitering fellow or other, doing nothing ; but so
it is, and so it was, that almost two of our regiments were
obliged to abandon an important post to the enemy ; and
this was not all, but by reason of a want of wagons when
they were compelled to retire, the principal part of the re-
giment's baggage, as I understand, was lost ; this is indeed
a heavy loss to individuals, and might easily be avoided.
Congress, to be sure, allow wagons for transporting the
troops' baggage, but which are often badly provided. *
«**#*«•«
This certainly may be done without great difficulty ; the
number of wagons will be best defined by their size. I
think the large Pennsylvania wagons best, except a couple
of light small covered wagons, to each regiment, for the
purpose of carrying away the sick and wounded ; wagons
thus provided and affixed to the regiments, will come un-
der their immediate care, and will be preserved and de-
fended with as much care as the regiment's colours, be-
cause they will know their importance.
I make no doubt but the Honourable Convention will
impute the trouble I have given them, and the freedom I
have taken, to its true cause, which is an ardent desire to
serve my country.
I am, honb. gentlemen.
Your most devoted humble servant,
MARINUS WILLETT.
P. S. 1 should be very glad to have a copy of our offi-
cers' rank, and the commissions for the officers of our re-
giment on this department.
The Honourable Convention.
[Vol. II.] 109
[Letter from the Goshen Committee concerning prisoners confined
there.]
Chester, April 4, 1777.
Sir — The county committee are of opinion that those
tories you took, and who are now confined at Goshen,
should be sent to their respective districts, counties or
States ; that is, that such as came from Newbury should
be taken to Esopus and there confined, and those from
New-Jersey conveyed thither, and all of them delivered to
those who are authorized to receive and take care of them.
As you have been the instrument in detecting them, we
think you the most proper person to go to Esopus, as you
can relate the circumstances to the Convention, and to take
a proper or such a guard as you may think sufficient, and
that you will order an officer and men to guard those to be
sent to New-Jersey, and delivered to the first committee
of the county to be met with. Perhaps Coll. Broadrick's
may be as far as they need go. Sergeant Sears, now with
a guard at Goshen, can take charge of those who are to be
sent to New-Jerse}', as far as Warwick, next Monday, as
their time will be up that day ; but some men must be en-
gaged then and there to take charge of them, unless they
will guard them through.
By order of Committee.
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
To Major Henry Wisner.
[Letter from E. Benson and M. Smith, communicating the intelligence
of the destruction of Danbury by the enemy.]
Poughkeepsie,\Aj)ril ^th, 1777.
Sir — As the Convention are doubtless very anxious to
know the truth of the intelligence respecting the enemy's
being at Danbury, and their operations there, we have com-
municated to them the latest advice.
This instant Doctr. Furman arrived from Col. Field's,
which he left yesterday about two o'clock, and by him we
learn that the enemy have actually been at Danbury, de-
stroyed all our stores there, and about one-third part of the
town. Yesterday morning about eight o'clock they left
Danbury, and marched towards Ridgefield, which place
they intended to destroy, as was supposed, in their way to
Norwalk again ; it being generally imagined they were on
their march again to their shipping. Col. Field, who saw
the enemy as they marched from Danbury, estimates their
number at about two thousand, and informed Doct. Furman
that Genl. Silliman was collecting a considerable force be-
tween the enemy and the Sound.
By a letter this instant from Mr. McKesson, at Fishkill,
we are informed that Colo. Huntington, with about five
hundred men, is retreating before the enemy, skirmishing
with them, and retarding their progress, and that General
McDougall, with two thousand men, marched from Peeks-
kill last night about midnight, determined to attack them.
We remain, your very humble servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
MELANCTON SMITH.
N. B. It appears that the information which Mr. Thomp-
kins had of the enemy's landing at Crumpo, and marching
to Danbury is true.
Abraham Ten Broeck, Esquire,
President of the Convention.
[Letter from Comfort Sands.]
Aprils, im.
Sir — In obedience to your order of the 4th instant, I
propose setting out this day for Dutchess county, to settle
the accounts and pay rolls in that county ; but as I foresee
many difficulties will arise in settling those accounts, I beg
the directions of Convention about the following matters :
first, are the supernumerary ofiiccrs to be paid that were in
the militia service, or am I to be directed by a late regula-
tion made by the Continental Congress ? second, are the
militia to be allowed lei. lawful money per mile in lieu of
434
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
rations while on their march ? thirdly, are the officers to be
paid their back rations, or must they settle them with the
Commissary-General ? By a late resolution of Convention,
I am directed not to pass any pay rolls till sworn to by the
commanding officer, before the President or Vice President
of the Convention, or before the chairman of the county
committee ; and as it will be difficult for me to get those
pay rolls sworn to before the chairman of the county com-
mittee, I submit to you whether some other mode cannot
be adopted that may answer the same purpose.
I am, sr. yr. most humble servt.
COMFORT SANDS.
[Genl. McDougall's orders to the guard who are to take Thos. Red-
ding to Esopus.]
Pcckskill, Jpril 17, 1777.
Sir — You must take charge of Thomas Hedding, charg-
ed with counterfeiting Continental currency ; also that of
the Slate of Massachusetts Bay, and conduct him safe to
the Convention at Esopus, there deliver him and take a
receipt from the chairman ; then you will return with the
utmost despatch to join your regiment, paying strict atten-
tion to the conduct of your party, not suffering them to mo-
lest or injure the persons or property of any inhabitants of
the State, but conduct them in a manner becoming Ameri-
can soldiers engaged in the sacred cause of JVeedom.
By order of Genl. McDougall.
RICHD. PLATT, B. Major P. T.
Sergt. McKiNNEY.
[Letter from Caspar Slandl.]
(Copy.)
HOCHBEDITTENDER CoNGKESS.
Ik berichte uwe hoogmoyenden, dat ik het worter van de
sprmgader der swasels liet af lieden, om den svvasel de
verkoygen ainstonds, liet ik ook in de myn slaen of grae-
sen coverintde springaders komen ; om den coveren grond
averein de swasel liegt de bekomen, op dese plaisse arbei-
den Dvver Mannen, in Springfill arbeiden, ook Dwer Man-
nen, om het worter van den swasel af de leiden : dese
pladse schynt de beste de zyn. Men vindt overal stofTe
genoeg voor ecne manufacture opde richten. Op den noes-
ten Saterdag sal de loodt-myn ondersocht worden ; het is
myn van desen loodtstof hier gegeven geworden, ik habbe
ook datselve geprovt, ende ik vinde in 100 pound 70 pound
loodt ; het is ook wat silver onder, maer terwyl ik dat
loodtstof neit met myn handt vitde myn ontsangen hebbe ;
soo sal ik voor dels reis het gewigt der silvers niet schry-
ven. Ik sal in de landslveek wor de loodtmyn, is ook ein
aender swusel myn ondersoeken, het is myn van desen
svvosel gegeeven worden, ende ik vindt hem saer goet, int
desen stof, kam men niet allun sweisel maer ook vitriol
maeken. Nu onlbreekt my geld ora de arbeiders de be-
taelen, ende myne koft, als ook den Smidt, die verscheiden
werkluigen gemackt heeft, by aldiener nu schielyk geld sal /
gesonden worden, so sal ik self na Sopus komen, om by
uwe hoogmoyenden de hoorin, wat werden de doen sy.'
Lenyer hiei de blyven, zonder wityemackte soake, komter
geen fabrick of manufactur op soo uwe hoogm ; geen geld
zenden ; soo gelieven deselve moer eenige volmagt de ge-
ven, woer ik geld ontfangen kan.
Uwe Hoogmoyenden, dienstwillige,
CASPAR SLANDT.
Sulver of swasel stof ge proevt reit de spring. Reit
vinen quarter pound verkeygen swasel 1 J unts ; also geven
3200 lb. stof 1000 lb. swasel.
Geprooevt door CASPAR SLANDT.
(Translation.)
I acquainted your High Mightinesses that I have drain-
ed the water from the brimstone spring, in order to obtain
the brimstone, and immediately dug in the mine at the
place where those springs issued, in order to obtain the
ground in which the brimstone is situated. At this place
I have employed two labourers, and two others at Spring-
field, to drain the water from the brimstone. This latter
place appears to be the best. There are materials disco-
vered sufficient to erect manufactories. On Saturday next
the lead mine will be opened. Some of the ore of this
mine which was given me, upon which I have made an
assay, and find that 100 lbs. yields 70 lbs. of lead. It yields
also some silver ; but as I have not taken the ore out of
the mine with my own hands, I shall not mention the
weight of silver I obtained. I mean to examine another
brimstone mine in the neighborhood of the lead mine, out
of which I have some brimstone ore which I find very
good ; it not only yields brimstone, but also vitriol can be
extracted. At present I am in want of money to pay the
labourers, and to defray my own expenses, as well the
smith, who has made for me several tools and instruments.
If I am not speedily supplied, 1 intend to come to Esopus
to hear from your High Mightinesses what I am to do far-
ther. To remain longer here without being able to pro-
ceed in the manufactory can answer no purpose. If in
case your High Mightinesses should not send any money,
you will then be pleased to give me directions where I can
procure it.
Your High Mightinesses'
Servant at command,
CASPAR SLANDT.
Silver or brimstone ore taken and tried out of the spring.
Out of a quarter of a pound I obtained 1 i oz. consequently
3200 lbs. yields 1000 lbs. brimstone.
Tried by CASPAR SLANDT.
[Letter from A. D. Witt, at Rochester.]
Rochester, lllh jlpril, 1777,
Gentlemen — Pursuant to your request by letter, the
2d April instant, I conducted Mr. John McDonald to the
mine in our neighbourhood, and accompanied him in view-
ing the old works and gave him all the information I could,
as I have been acquainted with the works carried on there
above thirty years ago. It appears to me that the said Mc-
Donald is both honest and skilful in his profession ; the re-
port he intends to make to you, I saw, and think he repre-
sents the situation and circumstance of the mine as accu-
rate as can be done without mathematical instruments. I
thought too late of it, or I would have taken the depth and
length of the level an instrument, and made an exact
survey thereof ; if required, can be done yet. I suppose
Mr. McDonald can nearly calculate what the expenses
would amount to to drive the level and sink the pit, so as to
form a communication which would prevent all obstruc-
tions of water. If the mine was my private property, I
would thus far make a trial, in hopes to get so much ore
in driving the level as perhaps would defray part of the
expenses. I must further inform you, that I shewed Mr.
McDonald some ore out of a mine near Mammacotting,
which he says is very good lead. Mr. Peter Helm pro-
mised to show me the same, provided he be paid for his
trouble.
Gentlemen, I am, (in haste, )
Your humble servt.
A. D. WITT.
To Mat . Adgate, Matthew Can-
tine, and William Harper, Esqrs.
Committee, Kingston.
[Letter from E. Benson, J. Strang, and P. Cantine jun. at Fishkill, re-
questing money.]
Fishkill, jSpril 2d, 1777.
Sir — Upon examining our accounts, we find that we
have advanced £700 more than the sums which we have
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
435
from time to time received from Convention, besides several
accounts against us and the lale committee, which remain
unpaid to a considerable amount. For, notwithstanding
we endeavour to conduct the business with the utmost par-
simony, the expenses that daily accrue are exceedingly
great ; and we have been obliged, in consequence of re-
peated letters for that purpose, to transmit to the eastern
States upwards of £350 to subsist our prisoners confined
there. Our best friends are frequently employed, and they
generally leave us discontented, insisting that we not allow
ihem a proper compensation.
The smallpox begins to prevail so much here, that we
fear we shall soon be under a necessity, for the security of
our guards and prisoners, to remove, and could wish to
have it in our power to discharge all our accounts before
we leave the place.
The sum we have in hands at present will be very in-
adequate for that purpose. We have therefore to request
that you will please to lay this matter before Convention,
and that they will direct about £1000 to be sent us by the
first safe conveyance.
We remain, respectfully.
Your very humble servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
JOSE. STRANG,
PETER CANTINE Jr.
Commissrs.
Honourable Abraham Ten Broeck,
President of the Convention.
[Letter to Continental Congress respecting the distressed condition of
the State, lor want of salt.]
Kingston, 2d. April, 1111.
Gent. — While the difficulties with which we contended
were such as any effort of ours could remove, we forbore
to call your attention from the weighty concerns of America
to the distresses of a single State ; yet, when in the com-
mon cause, and not by our own carelessness or negligence,
we are borne down by misfortunes, we are in some mea-
sure entitled to that care which you are ready to extend to
every part of the continent you represent.
When our trade was first interrupted, almost every arti-
cle in this State necessary for the troops, was purchased
up on account of the Continent, owing to the vicinity of the
army and the cheaper rate at which goods were bought in
this State than in any other. Though by this means a most
distressing scarcity was occasioned ; yet we bore up against
it by encouraging the importation of commodities from
other Stales, and submitted without repining to the extra-
vagant impositions to which this subjected us.
The article of salt could not then be procured from
abroad, and little remained to the inhabitants of this State
after the demands of the army were satisfied. By a pru-
dent and equal distribution of what was left we endeavoured
to lengthen out our store. But of this resource we are at
last deprived : the scarcity of salt has arisen to a most
alarming height, a great majority of the inhabitants of this
State being without any, and the most provident having
but little more than will supply their present necessities.
Excluded from the sea, our expectations either from
trade or the works that we erected at great expense, are
entirely frustrated ; and we are sorry to add, that the little
commerce we carried on with some neighbouring ports is
now cut off by the operation of laws, against which we
are too much interested to be competent judges, either of
their policy or justice.
In this situation, gentlemen, to whom can we apply but
the great council of America? who, if wc are rightly in-
formed, have the means, as wc are persuaded tliat they
have the inclination, to relieve us.
We flatter ourselves, therefore, that you will order so
much salt to be delivered to our Delegates as can be spared
from your stores, without injuring the public, at such price
as you may deem reasonable.
We do not mention the distress occasioned by a total
want of this necessary article, or the injury that the public
cause sustains by the clamours of the importunate, since
we conceive it unnecessary to enforce by argument a re-
quest which nothing but its being inconsistent with the
general welfare can induce you to refuse ; in which case
we shall patiently acquiesce in such refusal.
We are, sir, &c.
To the Hon. the Congress.
[Letter from Lewis Morris, in Congress.]
Phila. Jpril mh, nil.
Sir — I find the Convention have thought proper, by a
resolve, to request the attendance of Mr. Lewis, Mr. Floyd
and myself from the Continental Congress. In obedience
to that resolve, (to which, as every other of that Conven-
tion, I feel myself devoted to comply with,) I would in-
stantly have set off, but flattered myself that I might pre-
sume on the liberty of making some little delay, the
reasons for which I fondly hope the Convention will think
of some weight. Unconnected as my colleagues are, I
should not have hesitated one moment to obey the sum-
mons, but all my family are now in the neighbourhood of
this city. The constant apprehensions we are under here
of the approach of the enemy, makes it prudent to remove
them to some distance ; and being destitute of any other
assistance for that purpose than myself, I was assured that
a delay occasioned from such motives would have its
weight with the Convention in my favour.
However, sir, you will be pleased to assure the Conven-
tion that such is my attachment to the cause, and such the
lespect I bear their commands, that should they now think
proper to summon me immediately, the private considera-
tions I have just mentioned shall give way to their deter-
minations.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedt. hunible servt.
LEWIS MORRIS.
Abraham Ten Broeck, Esqr.
[Copy of a letter from Colo. Snyder.]
Fort Montgomery, April Z7lh, 1777.
Sir — By virtue of brigade orders just now received,
you are hereby required to cause the deficiency of the
drafts out of the several companies lately ordered from the
regiment now under your command to reinforce the garri-
son at Fort Montgomerie, immediately to be sent down to
join my regiment at said fort, and all the officers are to
assist you in apprehending the defaulters ; and in case of
a refusal by any of the said officers, you are to make a
return of their conduct to me, that proper steps might be
taken to bring them to a sense of their duty. You are also
to return a list of the wiiole number of the regiment, that
the general may know whether any fraud is committed in
the return of the draft. I send you enclosed the names of
the defaulters as returned to me by the several captains of
the regiment.
This by
Your humble servt.
JOHS. SNYDER, Colo.
Endorsed on the list of names, " Returned by LicuL
Samuel Shoonmaker, Capt. Hardenburgh's company."
For Charles De Witt, Hendrekis Osterhout,
Peter, his negro, Jacob ICrom,
i:iias Degreiiio, Elins Tairpenning,
Peter Degitmo, Jonnlhau Frcar,
Abraham Stouter, Beiiiainus 11. Frrar,
Jacob Kyscr, Abrahan\ Dclamaler.
Kolierl Phanicks, Jacobus llardenbcrgh,
Abraham Dubois, John Smith,
John Newkerk, Petrus Winkoop.
Garret Constable,
436 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
[Letter from Comfort Sands to Abraham Ten Broeck.]
Kingston, Jlpril blh, 1777.
Sir — Col. Humfrey and Col. Soullierland are botli wail-
ing to gel ihe pay, &c. for ihe service of their militia re-
gimenls when called into Weslciiesler county, and have
charged pay agreeable to the new establishment of the
Conlinental troops. As I have not ycl paid any troops but
upon the old, and a number of pay rolls are coming in, I
beg to have the direction of the Convention in what man-
ner I shall pay them.
I am, sir, your humble servant,
COMFORT SANDS.
To the Hon. Abraham Ten Bkoeck.
[Letter from Philip Cortlandt to Robert Yates.]
Peckskill, Jpril 5lh, 1777.
Dear Sir — I received the arrangement of my regiment
by the hands of Lieut. Monday, and find you have left the
ensigncy vacant of Capt. Wright's company. If you will
please to recollect when you were at FislikiU I made men-
lion of Mr. Tunis Van Waganen as ensign for that com-
pany ; he has been with me and is now on recruiting ser-
vice ; has, as I am informed, recruited several men ; shall
be much obliged if he can be appointed, his commission
to be dated about the time you removed to Kingston or
something before if you think proper. Lieut. Robert Wood,
of Capl. Ten Eyck's company, is dead ; he died about the
middle of last March, as I am informed ; shall be glad to
have another appointed in his stead. I made mention in
my last per Capt. Riker, of Mr. Isaac Smith as surgeon's
mate, he is now doing duly in the regiment ; please to ap-
point him, and if agreeable please to appoint a chaplain
also.
I remain, with respect, yrs. &c.
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
P. S. Mr. Evans expects to be my chaplain, he is now
with the regiment, and has been here some lime.
To Robert Yates, Esqr.
[Letter from Alexander Hamilton, Aid to Gen. Washington.]
Head-Quarters, )
Morris Town, ^pril 5th, 1777. J
Gentlemen — Since my last I have had the pleasure of
receiving your two favours of 29lh iilto. and 2d current.
I am happy enough to be able to inform you that my indis-
position, which was the occasion of my brevity when I last
•wrote, is now removed.
The opinion I advanced respecting the enemy's not mov-
ing before the beginning of May seems tu be shaken, though
not entirely overthrown, by some present appearances. We
have received information that they are embarking about
three thousand men on board of transports, which are lying
at the Hook, by way of Stalen Island ; this, it is conjec-
tured is with a view to the Delaware, and the supposition
is confirmed by the circumstance of a confederacy lately
detected at Philadelphia, who, among other things were
endeavouring by the temptation of fifty pounds, to engage
persons as pilots up that river. The extreme difficulties
they must labour under for want of forage, and the infinite
hazard they must run by moving with a small body of about
5,000 men, with an enemy in the rear, incapable of sparing
any considerable body of troops to form a post behind, and
be an asylum to them in case of accidents ; these circum-
stances will hardly allow me to think they will be daring
enough to make the attempt at this time. But on the other
hand, as they know we are in a progressive state as to
numbers and other matters of importance, and as they have
no prospect of early reinforcements and are in a state of
uncertainty as to any, from the bustling aspect of European
affairs, it is probable they may conceive a necessity of
making a push at all risks. Perhaps however, this embarka-
tion is intended for some other purpose, to make a diversion
or execute some partisan exploit elsewhere. On the whole,
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
I find it difficult to believe they are yet ready for any capital
opcralion.
As to your apprehensions of an attempt up the North
river, i imagine you may discard any uneasiness on that
score, though it will be at all times advisable to be on the
watch against a contingency of that kind. It seems from
accumulated intelligence to be almosi reduced to a certainty
that the principal views of the enemy in the ensuing cam-
paign will be directed towards the southward, and to Phi-
ladelphia more immediately ; of which idea the discovery
before mentioned with respect to pilots, is no contemptible
confirmation. Philadelphia is an object calculated to strike
and attract their attention ; it has all along been the main
source of supplies towards the war, and the gelling it into
their possession would deprive us of a wheel we could very
badly spare in the great political and military machine ;
they are sensible of this, and are equally sensible that it
contains in itself and is surrounded by a prodigious number
of persons attached to them and inimical to us, who would
lend them all the assistance they could in the further pro-
secution of their designs. It is also a common and well
grounded rule in war to strike first and principally at the
capital towns and cities, in order to the conquest of a country.
I must confess I do not see any object equally interesting
to draw their efforts to the northward ; operations merely
for plundering and devastation can never answer their end ;
and if they could, one part of the Continent would do nearly
as well as another. And as to the notion of forming a junc-
tion with ihe northern army, and cutting off the commani-
calion between the northern and southern Stales, I appre-
hend it will do better in speculation than in practice. Unless
the geography of the country is far different from any thing
I can conceive, to effect this would require a chain of posts
and such a number of men at each as would never be prac-
ticable or maintainable but to an immense army. In their
progress, by hanging upon their rear and seizing every op-
portunity of skirmishing, their situation might be rendered
insupportably uneasy.
But for fear of mistakes, the General has determined to
collect a considerable body of troops at or about Peekskill,
which will not be drawn off till the intentions of the enemy
have acquired a decisive complexion ; these will be ready
to act according to conjunctures, either to proceed northerly
or southerly, as may be requisite. Every precaution should
be taken to prevent the boats from being destroyed, by
collecting them at the first movement of the enemy, under
cover of one of the forts, or into some inlet difficult of
access and easily defensible with a small number of men,
the loss of them would be an irreparable disadvantage.
The enemy's attempt upon Peekskill is a demonstration
of the folly of having any quantity of stores at places so
near the water and so much exposed to a sudden inroad ;
there should never be more there than sufficient to answer
present demands ; we have lost a good deal in this way at
different times, and 1 hope experience will at last make us
wiser.
His Excellency lately had a visit from the Oneida chief
and five others ; he managed them with a good deal of ad-
dress, and sent them away perfectly satisfied ; he persuaded
them to go to Philadelphia, but they declined it, alleging
their impatience to return and remove the erroneous opi-
nions of their countrymen from the misrepresentations of
the British emissaries, which they were apprehensive might
draw them into some rash proceedings ; they parted after
having made the most solemn protestations of friendship
and good will.
His Excellency has been very busy all day in despatch-
ing the southern post, which has prevented my giving him
your resolve ; it will no doubt be very acceptable, and it is
with pleasure I inform you that the zeal and abilities of the
New- York Convention hold the first rank in his estimation.
No news from France, save that the Congress have ob-
tained a credit there for which they can draw bills to the
' amount of £100,000 stg. This will be extremely service-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
437
able in carrying on a trade with tlie French. The new
troops begin to come in. If we can shortly get any con-
siderable accession of strength we may be able to strike
some brilliant stroke.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedient servant,
A. HAMILTON.
P. S. We have been some time endeavouring to nego-
tiate a regular cartel, but it has been lately broken off,
principally on account of Major-General Lee ; General
Howe will not allow him to be comprehended under the
general idea of American prisoners.
[The evidence of John More, taken before the Committee of the Pre-
cinct of Mamacotting, this 31st day of March, 1777.]
That on Wednesday last, at Maj. Deckers, Saml. Haring
came to him to persuade him to join in a certain plot that
they intended to put in execution next Wednesday, against
the whigs, upon which More replied that he did not choose
to act against them, for he lived amongst them and they
used him well ; and More asked him how they intended to
proceed, upon which Haring replied that Joseph Barton
was to meet them with three thousand men, at Sussex
Court House, and the design was, that the men-of-war
were to sail up the North river, upon which they expected
that the militia would be called to guard along the North
river, and that they were to divide themselves into two par-
ties, the one to come along this way and the other some
other way, and they expected a party from the northward
across the lakes to be joined by the Indians, and so all at
once fall upon the country and cut off and destroy what
they can. And further, the deponent saith, that Haring
told him that there were recruiting officers out raising all
the men they could, and for encouragement, every man
that joins is to have one hundred acres of land ; and that
he, the said Haring, was to have the command of a com-
pany, and that he had raised twenty-eight men, Briant
Hammon had thirty-nine men, and Francis McGee had
thirty-two men, McGee's men all sworn. Said Haring
likewise said that his brother-in-law. Jacobus Brink, was
one of his principal men, and James McCormack was one
of his sergeants, and they were all to go over the mountain
to Sussex Court House to join Joseph Barton. Said Har-
ing likewise told More that if he did not join them they
would certainly shoot him.
By order of the Committee.
BENJAMIN DEPUY, Chairman.
Coshethton, March 28th, 1777.
Honoured Sir — We, inhabitants of Coshethton, look-
ing upon ourselves in a very deplorable situation at present,
by reason of there being a number of disaffected persons
here to American liberty, and as we are at a great distance
from help, and in a wilderness, it seems as if the people
in the country think it not worth while to take any notice
of us ; but these are to desire you to take our case into
consideration, and send us some speedy help, or else we
shall be obliged to join with them, or else we may expect
to be plundered by them, by the best we can learn, for we
learn there is a plot hatching among them and some of the
tories in the country ; and as there is no authority here,
all llie stragglers that cannot live in the country, here is
shelter for them, if they have taken protection under Howe,
or it is no matter what, here is residence ; that we think
ourselves in a very bad situation, and think our lives on a
very slippery foundation, and dont know how soon they
will fall. We would give the names of some of tlicse,
cur foes, in this, but for fear of its miscarrying, but the
bearer, Mr. Thomas Reaves, can let you know some of
them. Jf you dont intend to give us some relief soon, do
be so good as to let us know it as soon as possibly you
can, for we must make friends somewhere. We think it
[Vol. II.] 110
would be proper for one of the committee to come and see
them here, but you know best. Being in haste, we con-
clude with our prayers that you will let our case sink with
some weight on your minds.
From yours to serve.
NICHOLAS CONKLIN.
BEAZALEEL TYLER.
BEAZALEEL TYLER, Junr.
JOHN LaSSLY.
N. B. We would desire the favour of you not to serve
us as the committee did last year ; that is, to give the tory
party a copy of this, as they did of the other.
To Benjamin Depuy, Esq.
[The evidence of Thomas Reeves, taken before the Committee of the
Precinct of Mamacotting, the 2d day of April, 1777.]
It is in every respect agreeable to the letter which he
brought from Coshecton to this Committee, dated the 28th
of March, 1777, signed by Nicholas Conklin, Bazaleel
Tyler, Bazaleel Tyler, Junr. and John Lassly.
And further, the deponent saith that John Land and
Robert Land told one Samuel Davis, as he was informed,
that if the said Davis should see Indians and white men
gathering or coming together, he should not run, for if he
did he would certainly be in danger of his life.
The said deponent further saith, that one Benjamin Bar-
ton, a son of Joseph Barton, has been lately at Coshecton,
and inquired for the habitations of the suspected disaffected
persons, and especially for the said Robert Land, and he
came to the said Land's house, but he was not at home,
for which said Barton said he was very sorry, and after
the said Land came home he sent his son down to the said
Barton, as reported.
The said deponent further saith, that the said Benjamin
Barton told him that he heard from his father every week.
Taken and sworn before
PHILIP SWARTWOUD, Chairman.
[Letter from Philip Swartwoud.]
Zionpark, April 3d, 1777.
Gentlemen — Enclosed we send you some papers by
which you will see the lamentable situation of some of our
friends at Coshecton, and as they call loudly to us for as-
sistance, and it not being in our power to help them, we
beg leave to ask your Honourable Board what to answer
them ; and for more particulars, we must direct you to
Mr. Thomas Kyte, the bearer hereof ; and whatever you
will please to direct, we are willing to give our assistance
thereto, as much as we can.
By order of the Committee.
PHILIP SWARTWOUD, Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention of the State of New- York.
[Capt. Richard Jenkins' information of the state of Quebec.]
Capt. Richard Jenkins arrived in Quebec some time in
July ; left it the 21st ; found six or seven transports there
from Boston, loading with provisions for Gen. Gage. That
the brig Gaspee was the only armed vessel there; provisions
very scarce and dear ; bread at five dollars per hundred ;
wheat 6s. sterling, and that there was a general complaint
of the poor, who expect to be greatly distressed by a scar-
city. That there are not more than twenty-five soldiers in
garrison, and chief of the artillery gone to St. John's, where
the soldiers have hard duty in preparing floating batteries,
intending to retake Ticonderoga. ]?y the best information,
the Canadians are much in favour of the Colonies ; Quebec
very easily taken ; Governor Carlton has between 5 and
600 soldiers ; Indian Sachems declare the hatchets are
buried and will not take them up ; the Canadians are bet-
ter satisfied with the English laws than with the French,
438
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
and therefore will not fight against us ; tliat Gen. Carlton
was much deceived in his expectations of the Canadians.
The address and letters of Congress and others, had got
amongst the Canadians and that the Governor was much
enraged at it.
The Lieut. Governor published a proclamation, setting
forth, that as the Canadians had held back, he hoped that
the English inhabitants would meet on the parade, (the day
after Capt. Jenkins sailed) and support the cause in whicli
he (the Governor) was engaged ; the generality of tlie
English inhabitants seem rather to incline for us, or at
least lukewarm.
[Letter from Marinus Willett, at Fort Constitution.]
Fort Constitution, Jlpril^, 1777.
Honourable Gentlemen — I have long endeavoured
and impatiently expected to hear from Captain Housten,
who went out to recruit the beginning of December ; and
have last night heard from authority that I am obliged to
credit that he has gone to the enemy ; I humbly therefore
hope that the Convention will order a captain to be ap-
pointed in his stead as soon as possible. May he be a cle-
ver fellow.
It is with regret I inform the Convention that Lieut.
Bowen, of our regiment, is at present in confinement at
Peek's Kill, by order of Gen. McDougall, as a Slate pri-
soner. No particular crime was lodged against him with
the officer of the guard ; I understand he is to be forward-
ed to Convention with his crime, which is said to be plun-
dering some of the inhabitants at Peek's Kill ; of this mat-
ter, however, I am not properly acquainted, nor have I
any business to form any judgment ; thus much I, not-
withstanding, think it my duty to say, that whilst we are
deprived of Lieut. Bowen's services, we are deprived of a
steady, modest, careful, brave, intelligent officer ; a more
useful subaltern, the Convention may depend upon it, we
have not in our regiment on this department.
I am, gentlemen,
Your very obedt. humb. servt.
MARINUS WILLETT.
P. S. Our rank roll and commissions would be very
acceptable.
The Honourable the Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Extract of a Letter from Col. Lewis, to Gen. Schuyler.]
Mhany, April 6, 1777.
" In my last I acquainted you that the few eastern troops,
who have already arrived at Ticonderoga, came unprepa-
red with any of the necessaries requisite for a campaign.
They have neither clothes, arms, tents or camp equipage
of any kind, nor is it in my power to supply them. The
long expected tin, duck, &c. from Boston, having not yet
arrived, nor any tidings of it been received, I submit it,
therefore, to your Honour, if it will not be advisable to pro-
vide in Philadelphia a quantity of duck, or something which
will answer the purpose for tents ; likewise, a quantity of
tin, for camp kettles."
[Letter from Robert R. Livingston at Rhinebeck.]
Rhinebeck, Sept. 2Ut, 1777.
Dear Sir — I am anxious to hear of what was the re-
sult of the firing heard to the northward. If you have
any account either from there or the southward, let me
have them by the bearer.
I am dr. sir,
Your most obt. hum. servt.
ROB. R. LIVINGSTON.
John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from Henry Cnyler to the Committee of Albany.]
Green Buth, Sept. 4lh, 1777.
Gent. — Having so far intruded on my parol as to break
through the limits by leaving the place of my confine-
ment, and coming to my home, where I iiave since re-
mained ; having no other intention but to be with my fa-
mily to share their fate, wliich unwarranted step I hope
you will forgive.
Being overcome with the tender affections of husband
and parent, for a wife and family of small children, to
have them exposed without parental protection, at a time
when a general calamity threatened this part of the coun-
try, and seeing a number of families moving through the
jlace of my confinement, and hearing that a general re-
moval was to take place, made me so far forget my parol,
as to come to their relief in that precarious and difficult
time ; be assured gentlemen, that no other consideration
could have induced me to such a breach of honour, of
which I always had a sacred opinion. But judge, gen-
tlemen, by your own feelings, how very strong the pas-
sions are when actuated l)y the tender affections for a
wife and young helpless children, makes me hope for
your candour in my situation, and a favourable detetmina-
tion, and wliich I am the more induced to hope from the
whole of my conduct during these unliappy disputes, which
I am conscious has never been such as to deserve the se-
verity of being separated from ray family when the times
call my protection to them. I hope and pray you will al-
low me to remain with my family under such restrictions
as your board shall judge proper ; and since I have been
so much overcome (by my affections for my wife and
children, which, and nothing else, could have induced me
to this imprudence) to break through my parol ; I am wil-
ling to take the oath several of the gentlemen of Albany
have taken ; if your board should not think proper to let
me remain in my own house, I am willing to remove
with my family to any part of the country, where I can
procure one ; I should have had my family at the place of
my confinement, but could not in the limits of my parol
get a sufficient shelter for them.
I should have surrendered myself ere now, but have
been and still am ill, (which prevents my waiting on you,)
though ill as I am, I cannot delay surrendering myself, to
prevent my wife and children (for whom alone I have done
this imprudence,) from being put to the inconveniency,
as she is ordered with her children to prepare herself to
be sent to Gen. Gates, as it was supposed I had gone
to the British army, which I again assure you I never in-
tended.
I submit this my case to the determination of your
honourable board, and hope and pray to have a favourable
reply.
I am genii.
Your most obedt. humbl. servt.
HENRY CUYLER.
To the Chairman and gentlemen of the
General Committee for the city and
county of Albany.
[Letter from Abm. P. Lott.)
Springfield, Dec. 29th, 1777.
Gentlemen — At my arrival here I found about nine
or ten loads of salt left, which I am in hopes to get along
on Monday next as far as New-Hartford. That which
is in Simsbury I expect to get along next week, as I have
the promise of a parcel of teams going to Bennington to
fetch cannon, each to take one hogshead to Rhinebeck.
When I came in Simsbury I was informed by Mr. Owen
and Mess. Philps where the salt was stored, that a mob
had taken two hogsheads and a half of salt some days
before. Mr. Knap had taken fourteen of their names. I
intend as soon as I can get what salt is here away, to
go to Hartford and take advice from the Attorney Gene-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
439
ral, and call on Mr. Brooms to go with me. The select-f
men and justices of Simsbury were met yesterday ; I wait-f
ed on them, they advise me by all means to prosecute)
them, which I intend to do ; should it not be your opinion,^',
you will write me by the first opportunity, and direct my'
letter in Simsbury, at Mess. Philps's. There have been two
tierces of salt stole near Turkey hill ; I got a search war-
rant and gave it to the constable, the selectmen sent a
number of men along, have found several bags of salt hid
in barns, which were brought to the justices yesterday ;
left the constable in search ; shall collect all together I
can. Last week two teams with salt from Boston, private
property, were stopt and two hogsheads taken away. As
my teams came along they were stopt by four men, I
came up and ordered the teams to drive on ; they told me
that I nor my teams should go without I gave them sa-
tisfaction ; I asked what, I showed them my orders and on
whose account I bought it, they let the teams then go.
Since have not been siopt.
Gt. I remain your hub. servant,
ABM. P. LOTT.
The Council of Safety of New-York.
[Letter from the Committee at Pauling's Precinct.]
Pauling's Precinct, Novr. 22d, 1777.
These may inform your Excellency that the bearers
John Hutchinson, Daniel Wymal and John Center, of
Charlestown, in the State of Massachusetts, came into this
State with three wagons and brought salt, with which,
they have purchased thirty barrels of flour, as they say for
their own use, and had got near the Slate of Connecticut,
before they heard of the embargo, which, as soon as they
heard of, they came to me ; I have ordered the flour to
be stopped and not carried out of the State until they could
obtaia a license for the same.
These from your honours most obedient,
And very huml. servt.
NATHAN PEARCE, Chairman.
To His Excellency George Clinton,
Govr. of the State of New- York.
[Letter from James Duane.]
York Town, Novr. 3d, 1777.
Honourable Gentlemen — Your despatches of the 22d
of October, were safely delivered by the express. I
thought it advisable, Mr. Duer being absent a few days
for the benefit of health, to detain him till Congress should
have time to deliberate and determine upon the delicate and
important propositions you recommend to their altenlion.
They are now submitted to a committee and you shall be
acquainted with the result.
Every body here is sensibly touched at the melancholy
catastrophe which followed the loss of the passes in the
Highlands. "When so great a number of troops were with-
drawn, I predicted the fatal event. In calling away 1500
men. Congress in my opinion, went too far ; I strenuously
remonstrated against it, but in vain. The hopes of being
able to subdue General Howe by such a reinforcement pre-
ponderated. No member could be persuaded that it was
in Sir Henry Clinton's power to give the Slate of New-
York the least disturbance. The report of his having re-
ceived reinforcements was not credited. The unhappy
measure was therefore adopted ; to add to the misfortune,
General Washington had before ordered forward a thou-
sand men. Indeed both he and Congress were led into an
opinion that General Putnam's army consisted of between
seven and eight thousand men. Had it been really the case,
probably no mischief would have ensued. I was among
the unbelievers.
While I reprobate the savage conduct of our unfeeling
invaders, so disgraceful to human nature, most sincerely
do I condole with my suffering fellow citizens, whose pu-
blic virtues and generous patriotism entitle them to the re-
spect even of enemies.
The loss of the forts and the ruined defences, will, I
flatter myself, be speedily and effectually repaired ; Con-
gress being determined to spare no expense which shall be
thought necessary. They view the importance of Hud-
son's river, and the merit of our State in as high a point
of light as yourselves could wish ; and I am confident that
there is nothing your Delegates could ask on this occasion
which would be withheld. General Gates is already in-
vested with ample powers for every purpose necessary to
our security.
Permit me to change this gloomy subject, and to con-
gratulate you on the reduction of General Burgoine and
his army ; an event which ought to raise our gratitude to
the Supreme Being, the more especially, as it may be con-
sidered as a strong foundation of future repose in the nor-
thern frontier of our State. Nothing material has hap-
pened between the grand armies since the battle of German
Town. The Howes' apply their whole attention to reduce
the forts and remove the obstructions in the Delaware. Fort
Mifflin, which we never esteemed capable of defence, has
withstood a violent siege by land and water for seven
weeks. It is now in ruins ; the palisadoes levelled ; most
of the artillery useless ; the barracks and stores destroyed ;
and nothing but the spirits of the garrison and the battery
remaining. A report prevails that it is evacuated ; we
have no authentic inteUigence, but it is more than probable.
General Washington, on his part, is endeavoring to cut off
the communication between the city and country in order to
starve the enemy. They however found means to intro-
duce a supply in three vessels, which in a strong wind and
tide passed between the fort and Province island, in spite
of a heavy cannonade ; the shot from which frequently
pierced through their sides. The rapidity of their passage
prevented their destruction.
It is generally beheved if the enemy do not get up their
shipping in ten days they will quit Philadelphia to preserve
the fleet ; but that if they succeed, it will be made their
winter quarters. The weather here is very cold and
both armies suffer extremely, ours more especialy for want
of clothing. It is an undoubted fact that Gen. Howe is
much discouraged both at the unexpected and obstinate re-
sistance of the forts, and at the fate of Burgoine, whose
victory over Genl. Gates he had authoritatively announced.
Be pleased to accept my best thanks for the leave of ab-
sence with which I am indulged. The confederation is
completed and I expect will be forwarded by this convey-
ance, as it is in the press at Lancaster. Nothing of any
very interesting nature will be left unfinished when I set
out ; the day is uncertain, as neither Mr. Morris nor Lewis
have yet arrived.
I have the honour to be,
With the utmost regard, honl. gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very huml. servant,
JAS. DUANE.
22(1 November.
P. S. Fort Mifflin is at length evacuated by our gar-
rison. 'I'he enemy got up their cut down Indiaman,
fortified among other heavy cannon, with ten 42 poun-
ders, and placed her between Fort Mifflin and Province
island. Their capital ships at the same time were brought
up within a mile, and with two batteries (one within 500
yards,) they sent a torrent of fire into the fort, and for a
whole day and night there was a continual blaze. This
completed the destruction of the fort ; the men were be-
sides unable to stand to their guns being picked off from
the Indiaman's tops ; and finally after every effort be-
coming heroes they evacuated it in the night.
We have just received accounts that tlie two grand ar-
mies are in motion ; it will terminate I presume in another
battle.
Uonourl. Council of Safety .
440
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
[Letter from Jno. Gumming at Oswaldficld.]
Oswaldfield, Septr. 7lh, 1777.
Gentlemen — I wrote you a few lines on quitting my
confinement, acquainting you with my reason for leaving
you, and that I meant to take no part against you, if you
did not distress my family ; 1 now thank you for the part
you have already acted to them, and acquaint you that 1 am
here, nor have I the least thought of leaving it, though I have
not yet seen my family ; for your resolve put up in the
fleet prison terrifies me sufficiently to take the best care I
possibly can of myself. I know you have still a suspicion
of me for equivocating concerning my being in New-York,
and yet I did what I thought best, as Mr. Denniston had
taken my promise in the most solemn manner that I should
never divulge being there, as it would not only break the
peace of his family but bring them to utter rum. But up-
on Mr. Taylor's speaking to Mr. Denniston, he changed
his sentiments so far as to tell me he wished 1 had told
the truth, on which I told him if he thought so, and that
it would any how mend his situation, he was welcome to
go to Robt. Livingston and tell him all he knew, but beg-
ged that he might be careful and tell nothing but truth ; he
denied then to me that lie ever would tell any thing of it ;
though I believe he soon went and told Mr. Livingston, but
•whether the truth I am doubtful. If you should look upon
me yet as a person meaning to injure you, I am willing on
your procuring me a pass for myself and family, to depart
from your dominions (in fourteen days after getting such
pass,) and that I shall not again/enier them on any pre-
tence whatever while you have any authority in them. But
on the other hand, if you should not think it hurtful to
your State, that I should remain here, I am willing to con-
fine myself to my hut and farm till the present contest is
over, as also to confine my tongue to be quite silent if po-
litics are spoke ; and when the contest is over, if in your
favour, I shall certainly depart the country ; when you
may take any little property I have in it, and I have only
to thank my God that I have yet some remaining v"
I expect it is secure.
I am with every due respect, gentlemen,
Your very obedient servt.
JNO. GUMMING.
To the Honble. the Council of
Safety of the State of New- York, Kingston.
[Letter from Jno. Jones, tendering his resignation.]
Matthewsfield Septr. 7th, 1777.
Sir — Your favour of the 3d instant was delivered to me
yesterday evening, and that no delay in public business
may happen on my account, I have despatched my own
servant with this, to acquaint you that my ill state of health
for three weeks past, has not permitted me to comply with
the most pressing calls of duty in my own profession ; and
as I always suffer a pretty long continuance of my asth-
matic complaints at this season of the year, I am more
than apprehensive that it will not be in my power to attend
the Senate at this very important part of their session. For
this reason, as well as the general ill health under which I
have the misfortune to labour, notwithstanding the warmth
and sincerity of my disposition to render any services in
my power to the common cause of freedom and my coun-
try, I could wish the Council of Safely to think of some
person, whose health and abilities united may better quali-
fy him to supply in Senate the nomination, with which they
have lately honoured,
Sir, your most obedient, humble servt.
JOHN JONES.
The Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from John Broome, relative to granting permission to transport
flour to the French West Indies.]
Hartford, August 27th, 1777.
Sir — Application has lately been made to His Excellen-
cy Governor Trumbull, in behalf of some refugees from
our State, for a permit to export flour from the State of
Connecticut to some of the French West India Islands ;
when His Excellency replied, that he considered persons
under such circumstances, ratiier as subjects of our Slate,
than of this ; he was, therefore, desirous of the previous
concurrence of our Council of Safely to the measure ; and
that upon such consent being obtained, he would cheerful-
ly comply with the request.
I have, therefore, to desire the Council of Safety, or the
Assembly, if silting, would please to pass a resolve, where-
by the inhabitants of our State residing here, may be ena-
bled to procure such permils. If this request meets your
approbation, should be glad to receive your resolve shortly ;
as several small vessels now lading in the river will proba-
bly be detained until I am honoured with your answer.
Your draft on me, in favour of Capt. William Rogers,
for four thousand pounds York currency, was paid on sight.
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your most humble servt.
JNO. BROOME.
Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from G. Van Schaick, covering a list of prisoner! of war.]
Albany . Septem. 3rd, 1777.
Sir — The inclosed is a list of prisoners taken by our
scouts, &c. which I am directed to send to the Council of
Safety of this State of New-York, and will be delivered
herewith.
The Germans have requested to be sent to Philadelphia,
and there permitted to work.
Your most humble servant.
G. V. SCHAICK.
To the Honourable the President, &c.
A List of Prisoners of War, taken by a Scout, <^c.
Josua Ammon, George Shreather, Aroust Harnack, Phi-
lip Magabier — all of Major-Gencral Van Reisdel's dra-
goons, and lately taken by a scout at Saratoga.
Edward Taylor, Benjn. Harvey, William Mcintosh, Da-
vid Dugless, Donal Grant, David Singsing, Indian — taken
at Fort Schuyler.
John Nisme, Wm. Ralfman, Samuel Martin, Richard
Mass, Samuel Wheeler, John Young — taken at Fort Day-
ton with Butler the spy.
Augustine Gerver, Nichlos Verdick — Canadians taken
at Saratoga.
[Letter from the Commissioners of Sequestration at Peekskill.]
Peekskill, 3d Sept. 1777.
Gentn. — The commissioners of sequestration for the
county of Westchester, beg leave to inform your honours,
that they have received a letter of the 8lh Augt. last, (in
the nature of a resolution,) from the late Council of Safety
for the State of New-York, part of which is founded on
wrong information ; and as that Honourable Board was to
dissolve on the meeting of the Legislature, an answer to
that Body is at this time become impracticable ; and as
they conceive it advisable to answer it particularly, to jus-
tify their conduct, think it necessary to refer your honours
to it.
With respect to the first part of it, the commissioners
are also sorry to hear that many of the women and chil-
dren of tories gone to the enemy, are in a suffering condi-
tion, but at the same time are sorry the Council had not
pointed out to them the families in such circumstances, in
order to have enabled them to comply with their directions.
The commissioners know of no such instances, and verily
believe there are none, or at least none that can be charged
to their account.
In answer to that part of the letter in which the Council
say, they hope we have not mistaken the resolutions em-
powering us to sell the estates of such persons as were
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
441
gone lo or joined the enemy, we beg leave to inform your
honours, that in and by resolutions of the late Convention,
of the 6th of March last, appointing us commissioners,
and of the 9th April last, (to which also we beg leave to
refer your honours,) we were authorized to seize and dis-
pose of the personal property of such persons as have
joined or may join the enemy ; leaving, nevertheless, to
each of the families of such persons, their apparel, neces-
sary household furniture, and as much provisions as will
be sufficient for their subsistence for three months ; and for
the faithful performance of our duly, were bound by a sa-
cred oath to execute, to the best of our knowledge and
ability, the trust reposed in us by the said resolutions, with-
out fear, favour, affection, partiality or hope of reward.
That we left at least three months' provisions with all such
families, and that if any were in a suffering condition (in
which we know none,) it must have been after the three
months, particularly as complaints of that kind were lodged
subsequent thereto, which we may reasonably suspect from
the date of the above mentioned letter, and consequently
we are clear of any charge of that kind.
The Council also inform us that several complaints have
been made to them, that many families have been stript of
almost every thing, even of a little pasture and hay for a
cow, and in some instances not left a cow itself, by which
means they are reduced to almost a starving condition. In
answer to this part, we would inforiti your honours, that
had that been the case, we are justifiable, we having, as
we conceive, acted in strict conformity to the resolutions
and our oath ; however, we have, out of a tenderness to
such families, left with them one or two cows as a loan,
according to the largeness or smallness of such families,
and keeping for them accordingly ; and have, since the
passing of the resolutions of Convention of the thirteenth
day of May last, made further provision for the families of
such as have fled to or joined the enemy.
The Council, however, say that they flatter themselves
that we have done our duty well ; yet they say they have
doubts whether we have not, in some instances, rather
drawn the cord too straight ; that their wish is, that we
might rather err on the other hand. We are much obliged
to the gentlemen of the late Council for their opinion of
our having done our duty well ; yet we are a little surpris-
ed that they should recommend an error on one hand or the
other as we were under oalh.
We now come to that part of the letter which directs
that we dehver the negro man left by Peter Corney, to
Dennis Kennedy. In answer lo which, we would inform
that we conceive that the negro is part of Corney's effects,
and as he has gone to the enemy, forfeited to this State for
the benefit thereof ; and that we cannot consistently deliver
the negro lo Kennedy, as it would, from the nature of our
oath, be dispensing with it ; if we could consistently, would
with pleasure comply with their directions.
The Council lastly say, that if we have not already rent-
ed out the farm and house of said Corney, that we rent it
to Kennedy. The commissioners have already rented the
farm and house to the Qiiarter-Masler-General : if they
had not, conceived Kennedy not a fit person to rent it to,
and are much surprised they should show so much lenity
to a person who is of such a suspicious character, and th;it
they should confide in the assertion of persons making such
complaints as above mentioned. The commissioners would
by no means be understood as insinuating any charge of
misconduct with the gentlemen of the laic Council, but
are fearful they have been too credulous, which has been
the means of a charge against the commissioner-^.
The commissioners of seijuestration beg leave to inform
your honours that they are of opinion there are some per-
sons who have usurped the powers vested in them as com-
missioners, as may appear from the enclosed advertisement:
That one John Golden being charged with some treasona-
ble act, as ihey have been informed, a parly of the militia
was raised to apprehend him (and others ;) that after being
[Vol. II.] 1 1 1
apprehended, he made his escape, and went over to the
enemy, upon which his effects, as mentioned in the enclos-
ed, were seized and sold, by order of the sub-committee
in the eastern part of the manor of Cortlandt, for the pur-
pose of paying off the men raised as aforesaid, who were
paid at the rate of ten shillings per day ; and that the mo-
ney arising from the sale of the articles above mentioned,
amounted to two hundred and fifty-one pounds sixteen shil-
lings and fourpence. If the sub-committee are justifiable,
the commissioners are content ; if not, they wish the mat-
ter may be inquired into.
And are, gent, with great respect,
Your most obedt. hble. servts.
STEPHEN WARD,
SAML. DRAKE,
JAMES HUNT,
ISRAEL HONEYWELL, Jr.
To the Honourable the General Assembly
of the State of New-York.
f Letter from Leonardus Chester.]
September 2, YIll.
Upon obtaining liberty of Majr. Genl. Putnam to go to
the northward, and getting a cast by waters, the General
thought proper to crowd on board a number of prisoners
detained by his authority in the provost, and his guards to
my care. We came from Gen. Putnam's head-quarters
last Wednesday, and have had contrary winds, every day
since. Saturday afternoon we made the landing at Pough-
keepsie, and necessitated to go on shore to procure suste-
nance for ourselves and prisoners, (which we were not able
to obtain before, though vested by his honour with proper
authority to draft for necessaries;) when I went up to ihe
town, I left particular charge with my servants and the
boatmen, to watch the prisoners, but the vessel getting
foul of a hulk that lay at the wharf, it occasioned a muster
of all hands, in which flutter, I understand William Smith
made his escape. I immediately on knowing it, made per-
sonal application to the council for detecting conspiracies ;
Majr. Billings was very ready to afford his assistance, and
furnished me a person to go to the house of his father ; we
went, but to no effect ; he also furnished a set of men to
guard the house where he usually dwelt at Wapping, and
had left a wife ; these two guards will undoubtedly answer
the ends of their appointment, and I have no doubt from
the activity of the council and the guard, but that they
will apprehend him. I believe him to be a villain, and
know him to be a liar ; as he on his examination before
the General, said he had long lived and belonged to Cort-
landt's manor; whereas, by my personal inquiries at Pough-
keepsie, I find he is an inhabitant there; a father, broth-
ers and sisters, and a wife at Wapping. The gentlemen
of the council will secure him, and we all hope he may
meet his deserts.
I was necessitated to open your honour's letter, to get
his christian name, to lodge it and his crime with the
council. I copied it and left it. As I knew its content.*,
being in the (ieneral's family, when it was executed, I
used the freedom ; as the general good was my motive, I
hope it will be a sufficient apology.
And am, with due obedience and respect.
Your honour's very humble servt.
LEONARDUS CHESTER.
To the President of the Council at ICingston.
[Letter from Henry Benson.]
Sloop Hudson, Sept. 2, 1777.
Gts. — As there arc frequently persons that arc confined
in the fleet prison, who have occasion for a doctor, I think
necessary one should be provided, and attend twice a week,
and more frequent should it be necessary ; there being
442 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
persons now on board who are in need of imnnediate as-
sistance.
I remain, gt. yr. rnt. obt. hi. st.
HENRY BENSON.
The Honl. the Council of Safety.
[Letter from the Commissioners of Westchester, assigning their rea-
sons for their conduct with respect to the property of Stephen De-
lancy.]
Peek's Kill, July 24, 1777.
Gentn. — The connnnissioners of sequestration for the
county of Westchester, received your order directing them
to send their reasons for suspecting fraud in the sale of
lands which Cornelius Steenrod claims by deed from Ste-
phen Delancy. As the commissioners have been in some
measure troubled in procuring circumstantial evidences of
the fraud, hope that will apologize for their thus late an-
swer. The commissioners beg leave to mention that they
suspected fraud in the sale of both the moveables and
lands above mentioned, for the four following considera-
tions, viz :
1st. Because Stcenrod confessed in their presence, at
the time of their disposing of the personal property of the
said Delancy, (which he claimed by the same deed as he
did the land,) that he was entitled to the same, only upon
his paying £200 to his sister Susannah Delancey, she hav-
ing previously paid money for her brother ; and we con-
ceive therefore, that the mortgage in this respect, was not
valid.
2dly. Because it appears to them by the examination of
one Anne Bostwick, under oath, that Steenrod knew be-
fore the time of executing the said deed, (to the execution
of which she was a witness,) that Delancey intended to go
over to the enemy ; and consequently, intended either to
defraud the State of the land, or secure ihe same (under the
cloak of a deed,) for the benefit of Delancey. This will
more apparently appear, from the examination of Steenrod,
(a copy of which, is now enclosed,) taken before the com-
mittee of Westchester county, wherein he confesses he
was indebted to Delancey.
3dly. Because Delancey in a letter to Steenrod, dated
third day of May last, (a copy of which is enclosed,) writes
to him to send a mortgage of the mills and lands adjoin-
ing, which belonged to him. Intimating, as we conceive,
that Steenrod was indebted to him, and therefore, wanted
a mortgage for his security.
4thly. Because the commissioners have reason to think
from the examination of the said Anne Bostwick, (who
lived with Delancey at the same time,) that Delancey took a
defeazance for the lands, &c. claimed as aforesaid ; she
declaring under oath, that at the time of executing the said
deed, she was a witness to a certain other instrument, exe-
cuted by the said Steenrod to the said Delancey, about the
bigness of the said deed ; that they told her she need not
read it, as it respected the same matter.
The commissioners conceive from the above considera-
tions and the enclosed copies of letters, that your honours
will be of opinion with them ; that the deed was intended
either to defraud the State, or secure the lands for the
benefit of Delancey. Would be glad of your opinion re-
specting the matter.
And am, gentn. by order.
Your obedt. hble. servt.
SAML. DRAKE.
The Honble. Council of Safety
for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Stephen Delancey.]
May 3, 1777.
Mrs. Bouton — I hope David repents ; don't let him
take arms, for God's sake. I do not write to him as he is
sworn, but you are not ; if he does he is ruined, he can
say he is not well, and has a pain in his side, or fifty other
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
things I could have. But if he is taken in arms against
the King, hanged he will be, nothing on earth can save
him. Let him mind his business and keep at home, and
be sick or any thing, but don't let him go to fight ; you
see property don't make me forget my friends ; let him
write to me, and let him send it to Steenrod ; I hope Steen-
rod is true, nobody will know it. I want to know the
reason why mother went to Crompond's ? I give my love
to him, though he don't deserve it ; where is Stephen, and
my poor boy Abraham ? Is he alive ? O, good God when
will lie be pleased to return ! Our armies and fleets are
preparing for war ; what ruin and desolation has our poor
country to see ; what a bloody summer is coming, I wish
it over. God save you.
I am, yours,
STEPHEN DELANCEY.
To Mrs. Easther Bouton, junior.
[Letter from Stephen Delancey.]
May 3d, 1777.
Ungrateful Cornelius — Why don't I hear from you?
Why did you not send a letter, or message at least, by
Mr. Townsend ? Where is Suckcy ? Where is my mo-
ther? What made them move? I hear you live there, and
mother Bostwick. Where is old Agnes : is she alive ?
Why an't you as good as your word ? Why dont you send
to Tillford's ? I have sent letters there twice, but no an-
swers ; why dont you write ? I hope you have ray letters,
I would not that any body else should see them. I left
seven shirts and three stocks, and you must bring them to
that house where we were, and my trimmed jacket and
leather breeches.
Take care, don't take arms ; mind your mills. You must
send me a mortgage of the mills and land adjoining, belong-
ing to you, soon ; and let me hear from you or I can't do you
any good. Do for God's sake, come down to Tillford's
and consult with him, and let me have a letter, and tell me
in it, you are sorry you ever took a commission, and was
over persuaded, and repent and ask pardon for yourself of
God and the King, and I will do my best, and Governor
Tryon will assist me. That is absolutely necessary ; I
wonder you are so careless ; will you never learn wit ? I
could beat you, you careless toad. I have gold and silver,
you rebel, dont you want some ? Read my letter to mother
Bostwick, and tell her I hope she and little Jones are well,
and tell old Agnes, I will come and see them before next
fall ; but never to live in that hateful place again. Re-
member me to poor David and Easlher ; I send her a line.
Poor David, I hope he repents. I am going to live at
Maronack, as soon as it will be safe. Our army is going
to take hold soon. Wo, wo, wo, to the rebels ! Thank
God, I am safe. Send me a long letter, so to my sister,
and see if my mother will consent to come down, and let
me know it. Do it soon for God's sake.
STEPHEN DELANCEY.
To CoKN. Steenkod, formerly a rebel Capt. but I hope repents.
[Testimony of Cornelius Steinrod.]
June 13th, 1777.
Cornelius Steinrod, under examination this day, before
the general committee of Westchester county, said Stephen
Delancey had a bond of £150 against him that never was
cancelled, that he acknowledged himself indebted to De-
lancey that sum, upon a new contract, and he believed it
would amount to £170.
Steinrod said he was going to carry those things wrote
for by the said Delancey, to his mother-in-law's, to keep
them out of the way of the commissioners or others.
A true abstract from the minutes.
Attest.
PHILIP LEEK,
Clerk pro. tempore, to the Committee
of Westchester County.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
443
[Letter from Stephen Kinnie, Chairman of the Committee of Clave-
rack."]
Claverack District, June 4th, 1777.
Genn — We send you, in confinement, with Lieut. Cor-
nelius Hogeboom, together with four privates as a guard,
the following persons; Barent Weger, Asa Landfear, Gide-
on Gifford, Samuel Leonard, and David Southward, which
persons, we look upon to be too dangerous here, as we
have had a great deal of trouble with conspirators in this
quarter this spring ; therefore, we think it our duty to lake
care of trouble in time, for they altogether refused to be
qualified to give any information concerning the contest
with Great Britain and America, and also refused to take
the oath of allegiance, and there to be dealt with, as you,
gentlemen, shall think proper.
Gent'n, Your most humble servt.
By order.
STEPHEN KINNIE, Chairman.
P. S. Hoping that the Honourable Council will satisfy
Lieut. Hogeboom, and guard, for carrying said prisoners
from this place to you.
To the Honourable Council of Safety, at Kingston.
[Letter from Dennis Kennedy in relation to Peter Corne.]
June 6th, 1777.
Gentlemen — When I was here last, you were pleased
to appoint a committee to examine into the affairs which
occasioned my coming up, and they very judiciously con-
cluded to transmit a copy of my petition, and the other
papers relative thereto, enclosed in a letter from them-
selves, to the commissioners of sequestration. The purport
of which, (if I remember right,) was to require said com-
missioners, if they had any facts to disprove what I al-
ledged, or objections to make to ray petition, they should
write an immediate answer.
Last Saturday, I waited on Col. Saml. Drake, and de-
livered the letter. After perusing it, and considering some
lime, he said that Mr. Corne had no right to give me any-
thing at his departure, neither ought I to make claim to
what has been left. I saw the Colonel again the same day
at Genl. Putnam's, and told him, that if he, or the other
gentlemen, had an answer to send, I would take the
trouble of carrying it. He replied, "We have done our
duty, and I don't care two coppers about it ; I have no
other answer than what 1 gave you this morning." These
were the very words to the best of my remembrance.
Now gentlemen, being conscious within myself of hav-
ing asserted nothing but the truth, it seems reasonable to
me, to conclude that the commissioners refrained writing
merely because they had nothing to say against me, except
their private opinions, as above mentioned, which I did not
pretend to dispute, relying upon the determination of this
Honourable Board, who I trust will consider me, a true
and well affected subject of this State ; suffering under
many difficulties which you alone can redress. Being as
yet in uncertainty about staying on the place, without a
team or gear to work with, and the season too far advanced
to move elsewhere, but to great disadvantage, I hope that
your honours will see fit to confirm me in the possession
of the farm, and also, order those things to be restored
to me which were sold, or such part of them as you think
proper, that I may be enabled to get a living for myself
and family, and also do something lowards supporting ihe
country.
It has been insinuated by some people who know noth-
ing of the matter, that I was compelled to take the oath of
allegiance ; but some of the members of this council, who
were present at the time, will remember it was not so.
1 was no prisoner nor under difficulties, but from convic-
tions that it was my duly ; I did it freely and voluntarily,
and have never yet repented, and was it to do over
again, I would take it as readily as before ; will therefore
request the favour of a certificate, that there was no com-
pulsion, &c.
I am sorry to be under the necessity of giving the House
any trouble with my little affairs, when I suppose they
have matters of great importance to engage their attention,
but what can I do ? 'Tis from you alone, under Provi-
dence, that I expect relief ; it shall be my study to deserve
your protection.
I am with true respect,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very huml. servant.
DENS. KENNEDY.
To the Honourable Council of Safety.
[Letter from Colonel Broome, on the subject of salt.")
Hartford, May 24, 1777.
Sir — Col. Lott called upon me a few days ago, and de-
sired my assistance in procuring some salt for the use of
our State.
I went with him to the commissary's deputy, (Col.
Trumbull not being here,) but could not find there was
any salt arrived on the continent which our State could
claim by virtue of their contract with the commissary.
A small quantity of salt lay here for sale, belonging to
Henry Van Vleek, Gerardus W. Beekman, and others,
which I advised Col. Lott to purchase, although enormous-
ly dear, because I did not know where more could be pro-
cured at any rate. If the Committee of Safety will request
the loan of one hundred bushels salt of the commissary,
in writing, (to be repaid in salt, when in their power,) di-
rected to him or either of his deputies, and enclose it to
me, I will use my utmost endeavours to get it, and am not
without hopes of succeeding.
I am, sir.
Your humble servt.
JNO. BROOME.
" Chairman of Committee of Safety.
[Letter from Isaac Paris, informing that he has administered the oaths
to the officers of Tryon county, agreeably to the ordinance.]
Stone Jrabia, May Z7th, 1777.
Sir — Whereas your Honourable Board has authorized
and empowered us to administer and cause the sheriff of
our county to subscribe the oaths directed by the ordinance
of the Convention, the one whereof, (to wit,) the oath for
exercising his office, we have administered to him on the
21st day of this instant month. We have also taken his
bond, with good and sufficient security for his good be-
haviour and execution of the said office ; but the oath of
allegiance he has of late taken and subscribed, when it
was done throughout our county ; therefore we thought it
sufficient, and did not administer the said oath to him.
We do, iherefore, according to orders, acquaint you in
what manner we have executed the trust by you committed
to us.
In behalf of Wm. Harper, Esqr. and myself.
We remain, sir.
Your very humble servts."
ISAAC PARIS.
PiEBRE Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
[Letter from Jno. Williams, at New-Perth.]
New-Perth, June 3d, 1777.
Dear Sir — I would take it as a particular favour if you
will inform me, per bearer, who the candidates are for
governor, lieutenant-governor, &c. ; the lime of election,
&c. ; also, if the temporary form of government was agreed
to, please send me a copy, together with all the proceed-
ings relative to our county.
I have nothing particular to inform you ; only there has
been an alarm on the New-Hampshire Grants, and some
444
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
of the militia have marched. It is said the enemy were
seen at the Split Rocks. But I was informed last evening
there were orders for the mihlia to stop ; and that the
enemy are gone off. Should be glad, if any thing worth
notice turns up, that you will please favour me with it, if
it does not give you too much trouble.
I am, sir, with the greatest respect.
Your friend and very huml. servt.
JNO. WILLIAMS.
John McKksson, £sqr.
[Letter from Gcnl. Gates, covering one for Gcnl. Washington.]
Albany, 2d June, 1777.
Sir — The enclosed to his Excellency (ieneral Washing-
Ion, I send open for your perusal. I desire the favour you
will seal it, and despatch it immediately by a trusty ex-
press.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient, humble servant,
HORATIO GATES.
President of the Council of Safety
of the Stole of New- York.
[Letter from John Henry, at Fishkill.]
Fishkill, May 31tt, 1777.
Honoured Sir — Since my return from Kingston, have
paid away the whole of the 2000 dollars which I received
from Mr. David Currie, per the hands of Mr. Sebring.
Therefore, as I have contracted for a large quantity of tow
cloth, shoes and stockings, which I expect will come to
hand next week, must humbly crave a further supply of
cash from your house.
As Colo. Dirck Brinckeroff has now in his hands a sum
of money which belongs to the State, would be glad an
order was passed in my favour on him for £1000, which
could be obtained without any trouble to me or the Trea-
surer. As for tow cloth, I find much difEculy in procuring
of it, and indeed must give from 75. 6d. to 8s. per yard,
otherwise cannot have it. The demand for clothing at
present is considerable ; and having no materials to make
them of, must give a good price, and that will bring those
articles we stand most in need of. Shoes and stockings
as yet have been tolerably supplied with, which indeed I
may say are the only articles. This day paid away be-
tween £200 and £300 for shoes and stockings, which was
the last of my stock. I shall wait your directions whether
to purchase the quantity of tow cloth, or otherwise con-
tract for as much as may be wanted, which will be con-
siderable.
Agreeably to your desire, have wrote Messrs. Hoskins
& Canfield respecting the diflferent articles of clothing now
in their hands. When favoured with their reply, shall ac-
cordingly advise you.
I hope you will immediately have an order passed for
my obtaining a proper supply of cash, and forwarded as
soon as possible.
Desertions from Delancey's brigade still continues. This
day ten men of these misguided men returned to Peeks-
kill. We learn, by a gentleman who is just returned from
New-York, who was down with a flag, that they are now
transporting their new green-coated levies to the West
Indies. A very meritorious act indeed.
I have the honour to be, respectfully,
Your most obedt. humble servt.
JOHN HENRY.
Honourable President of the Council of Safety
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Henry, at Kingston.]
Kingston, 27th May, 1777.
Sir— I have been under the necessity of applying to
your Honourable House before this for a parcel of breeches
which I understand are in store in this place. Tiie Coloa.
Cortlandt, Livingston and Duboys have frequently applied
to me for those articles. All those which liad been sent
down previous to this, have been delivered to the above
regiments some time ago. We are now in much want of
them for the soldiers ; iherefore would humbly beg that
the number of buckskin breeches on hand here may be
sent to our store at Fishkill immediately, as there are three
regiments to be supplied from me at this lime with tlie dif-
ferent articles of clothing, and at the same time begin to
fill considerably fast ; will, of consequence, want a larger
quantity of clothing than those to the northward, which
makes only one regiment and a part of another, Colo. Ganse-
voort's being in some measure clothed at Fishkill.
i also have been advised that Mr. Hoskins had a quan-
tity of clothing for us. They as yet have never come to
hand ; therefore, would be extremely glad to know what
he has purchased, as there is a large parcel of jackets,
frocks and overalls wanting at this lime, which the troops
could not be supplied with, on account of scarcity.
I am, sir.
Your very hble. servt.
JOHN HENRY.
President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from the Newburgh Committee.]
Newburgh, May 29, 1777.
Sir — Whereas Elnalhan Foster, a person notoriously
disaflfecled to the liberties of America, is thought by this
committee to be a dangerous person, and for sundry offen-
ces, herewith transmitted to the council of safely, you are
hereby required to commit him to the common jail and keep
him in safe custody, until he shall be discharged by proper
authority.
By order of Committee.
ABEL BELKNAP, Chairman.
To Egbeet Dumov, Esqr.
High Sheriff for the County of Ulster.
[Letter from Col. Hoornbeek, relative to Militia Drafts.]
Rochester, Ulster County, 23d May, 1777.
Gentlemen — I have seen with General George Clin-
ton a resolve of the Convention of this State, empowering
said General Clinton to call out, at any time, all or
any part of the militia of the counties of Westchester,
Dutchess, Ulster and Orange, uniil the first day of August
next, &c. &c. By virtue of said resolve, the one-third of
the militia of this and Orange county are now at Fort
Montgomery and Clinton ; and as it was considered by the
general and fi.eld officers of said two last counties, that it
was exceedingly hard for the militia of said two counties to
raise the one-third till August next ; it was therefore agreed
by said general and field officers, " that any three men
who should be classed together in said counties, and could
not agree to make out one man to stay the whole time that
said three men might make out together to serve the said
time by turns," in consequence of which several do serve
by turns, and relieve each other on set times.
And by a late resolve of the said Convention, Captain
Frederick Schoonmaker is now enlisting a company of men,
and has enlisted in the regiment of militia of Coll. Pawling,
which 1 now have the honour to command, several persons
who were to go their turns to ihe above forts to relieve their
neighbours who are there now in the service.
And as the case stands now thus, if those persons who
are now at the forts, who were to be relieved by their
neighbours, are not relieved or discharged on their due
times, they certainly will complain as being unjustly dealt
with, and I am afraid will hurt the service in time to come ;
and if I should order those to go who were to relieve them.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
445
they will answer and say, " I am in the service of the
State, under Capt. Schoonmaker, and I won't go."
Wherefore, gentlemen, as we have to meet trouble
abroad, I hope not, if possibly I can avoid it, to contend
with my neighbours at home, and therefore beg leave to
lay the above case before your Honourable Board, and
humbly to ask what I shall do in the same, for I am wil-
ling to abide by your advice, and strictly to confine myself
to your directions.
I am, gentlemen, with great esteem,
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
JACOB HOORNBEEK.
To the Council of Safety, for the
State of New- York.
[Letter from John Laurance, at Morris Town.]
Morris Town, May 26, 1777.
Sir — Being a subject of the State of New-York, I think
it my duty to acquaint the Representative Body of that State
with any matter that has or may come to my knowledge,
that may be advantageous to it. Mr. Thomas Kinney, an
inhabitant of this town, informed me, some time ago, he
had in his hands a sum of money, between four and five
hundred pounds, which arose from the sale of wine, the
property of Mr. Hamilton Young, a merchant in the city
of New- York, that was taken near Elizabeth Town last
winter, brought to this place, and ordered to be sold. He
requested my advice who he should, or had best, pay the
money to. I thought, as the person who owned the wine
was a subject of the State of New-York, and now with our
enemies, the money, of right, ought to be paid to our Con-
vention, thinking they had a greater right to it than any
other body. I mentioned this matter to Mr. Sackett, a
member of the Convention, I think about four or five weeks
since. The person who has the money in hands, has spo-
ken to me again about it, and I make no doubt will pay it
to the order of the Representative Body of the State of
New-York. Some rum has also been sold, belonging to
Mr. Young, which has not been accounted for ; and I think
there must have been many other articles converted to pri-
vate use by persons in this State, as not a little property
was removed into this State from New- York, by persons
who are now with our enemies. I beg leave to mention,
that I make no doubt Mr. Henry Remsen and Mr. Anthony
L. Bleecker, two respectable members of the State of
New- York, who now reside in this town, will accept a
commission enabling them to take possession of such pro-
perty as may belong to persons, subjects of the Stale of
New- York, now with our enemies, and receive the money
for articles sold, which has not been accounted for.
I have the honour to be.
With much respect,
Your obedient servant,
JOHN LAURANCE.
The President of the Council of Safety,
[Letter from Sam. Louden, at Poughkeepsie.]
Poughkecpsie, May 24, 1777.
Dear Sir — I just now received your favour ; I shall
print another thousand of the Declaration, and shall supply
Gen. McDougal and the commissioners with their demands.
I have heard that the letter from Danbury gave offence.
Pray, must I take upon me to alter or suppress intelligence
sent me by gentlemen ? If it gave offence, as J. I. H.
Esqr. one of the Convention, how came he to give me the
information ? I do what I can to please, but I shall never
consent to give up my judgment, to be modeled by others.
Interim, dr. sir.
Your most hbl. sevt.
SAM. LOUDEN.
John McKxssok, Esv, Kingston.
[Vol. II.] 112
[Letter from Joseph Crane.]
Southeast Precinct, May 22, 1777.
Dear Sir — Yesterday I saw one Alleby, a sergeant of
Captain Dellman, taken prisoner at Ward's, with Major
Dain ; he made his escape from the guard house in New-
York on the evening of the 15th inst. ; gives a favourable
account of the state of the prisoners taken with him, our
worthy friend. Major Dain, excepted, who, he says, has
been in close confinement during the whole of his captive
state ; that the only reason assigned therefor is, his having
no commission with him ; says he has often heard the
Major lamenting the hardships to which he is subjected on
that account, wishing for an opportunity to inform his
friends thereof ; that in addition to a train of painful cir-
cumstances consequent on a state of close confinement,
the means of subsistence was rendered much more expen-
sive. His supplies from home, I understand, have been
much short of what I have before understood, twenty-five
dollars being the full amount of what he has received ; he
has had the small pox by inoculation pretty severely ; is
now in a good state of health. I presume a simple relation
of facts will be sufficient to engage your attention, and that
the earliest opportunity will be embraced for the relief of
this worthy officer ; any thing in my power to forward the
same will be with pleasuie complied with.
I have the pleasure to hear my son is well ; has for
some time been admitted to his parol, either to remain in
New-York or go on to Long island ; has chosen the for-
mer ; taken his board with Mr. Thomas Arden ; had the
small pox favourably, and in all respects is as happy as a
state of captivity admits of. Alleby says the enemy lost
fourteen men in the action at Ward's ; six of those they
carried off wounded died between Ward's and Wilhams' ;
the seventh died as soon as they had got to Valentine's ;
that every commissioned officer, save one ensign, was
killed ; that on their arrival at King's bridge, the command-
ing officer of that post came out of the door of his lodgings ;
when the prisoners were paraded, and says, " Well, you
have got a parcel of the d — d rebels, have you ?" " Yes,"
replied the surviving ensign, "but we have paid d — d dear
for them ; I am the only officer left alive !" to which there
was no reply made. He further tells me, that the day
before he left New- York he read in the papers an account
of the enemy's loss in Danbury tour, estimated at between
3 and 400 men ; that he often heard them say one to ano-
ther, that the Danbury rout had been more expensive to
them, in propcrtion to the number of their troops, than the
Lexington tour. May Heaven grant that their cursed en-
terprises may still prove more and more expensive to them,
till they become quite bankrupts.
We are now in this quarter (as it were) lying on our
arms, every hour expecting fresh visits from the Tryon-
ites ; a number of the enemy's ships are in the Sound; yes-
terday morning upwards of twenty of them drew up against
Fairfield, and appeared to be in a landing posture ; the
alarm reached us by 12 o'clock the same day ; by night
we were informed they soon come to sail again, and went
westward, and that at about 2 o'clock, P. M. they were
a little to the westward of Norwalk. They are no doubt
meditating another of their felonious enterprises, and I
have the pleasure to assure you our people are evidently
better disposed as well as better prepared otherwise, to bid
them welcome, than ever we were before ; and the general
say is, that in case Tryon is not gone to account for his
former murders, 'tis hoped he will " again grace his mur-
derous train with his presence, and happily meet what
Heaven has declared shall be the fate of him in whose
skirls is found the blood of men."
You will overlook the blunders in this hurried scrawl,
and accept the humble regard of, sir,
Your most obedient,
JOSEPH CRANE.
To Egbert Bxnson, Esqr.
446
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Abm. Ten Broeck.]
jllbany, 2Ut May, 1777.
Sir — The president of the courl-marlial now silling al
ihis place, in behalf of ihe court, called upon me to know
whether any allowance is made to llie members for iheir
service. I told him I did not know there was, and informed
him I would write about it. As this court is composed of
officers from every part of the county, some of whom are
thirty or forty miles from their places of abode, expenses
must run high, it is in my opinion highly reasonable, when
gentlemen arc serving the public, they ought to have a
compensation for their time as well as expenses, I must
desire you to lay this matter before the Council of Safety,
who, I trust, will make a generous provision. It may
perhaps be thought that the officers of this court are enti-
tled to Continental pay. If that should be the opinion of
the Council of Safety, I would beg leave to suggest whe-
ther, as the court is composed of officers of different rank,
from a colonel to a captain, and as their duty is the same,
and expenses I suppose nearly the same, it would not, on
this occasion, be best to make the same allowance to each
of them. However, this I submit to their better judgment.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
ABM. TEN BROECK.
To Abraham Yates, Esq.
[Letter from Simon Crygier.]
May 21, 1777.
Sir — I have a child in my possession, named Richard
Murray, about six years old. He was committed to my
care and keeping by Dr. Bruce, of the city of New-York,
for which I was to have been paid a certain sum per an-
num ; but by reason of our public troubles, and conse-
quently of my departure from the said city, with the rest
of the friends of liberty there, I was prevented from hav-
ing my accounts settled with the said doctor, relative to
the said child. The doctor owes me now about forty
pounds, and I am unwilling to be troubled with the said
child any longer. I therefore request the favour of the
Honourable Council to permit my wife to pass from this
county to said city of New- York with the said child, where
she will continue no longer than she can deliver him to,
and receive the sum due me from the said doctor. Any
obligation to secresy which the Honourable Council may
think proper to enjoin she will readily comply with. The
compliance of the Honourable Council herewith, will
greatly oblige
Their sincere friend,
And very humle. servt.
SIMON CRYGIER.
To the President of the Honble. Council of Safety.
[Letter from Jno. Broome.]
Hartford, May 20, 1777.
Sir — Capt. Rogers and his crew are so very urgent to
receive their proportion of prize money and wages, due
on their former cruises, that I have thought it best for the
captain to wait on Convention in person, in order that the
terms he entered into our service upon may be ascertained
to the satisfaction of both parties, which agreement I un-
derstand was only a verbal one. Should Mr. Lewis not
be returned to Convention, you will please to advance to
Capt. Rogers whatever sum may be necessary for the pur-
poses mentioned in my letter under date of 5th instant,
upon receipt of which I shall be careful to enter upon a
settlement with them. I have consulted Govr. Trumbull
respecting the Montgomery. He was so polite as to offer
me the use of any port within this State for the purposes of
rendering her safer and fitting her out, but declines permit-
ling my receiving any hands on board belonging to this State ;
I must therefore endeavour to man her with refugees from
our State. The reason of this prohibition is, that no obstruc-
tion be given to completing their quota of the Continental
army. I should be glad to know, by Capt. Rogers, whe-
ther it is agreeable to you that I should engage him for a
future cruise, on the terms he exacts.
I am, with much esteem, sir.
Your and Convention's liumble sert.
JNO. BROOME.
To the Honourable Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq.
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Ananias Cooper.]
Rhynbeck Precinct, mh May, 1777.
Gentlemen — The wife of David Baker and the wife of
Conrad Beams, have applied to me concerning their hus-
bands, who are confined at Esopus for plotting against this
Slate. I can say nothing in favour of either of them,
further than the evidence of George Taiter, against David
Baker, here on ihe flats, was, if I mistake not, only hear-
say, though he refused justifying himself on oath, which
seemed to be a mark of guilt. Conrad Beams's wife ex-
pects to lie in every day. If they, or either of them, can
be discharged with safety to this State and the common
cause, it would be a kindness done to their families ; but
if not with safety, I can by no means desire il, but would
have them continued.
From, gentlemen, vour very humbl. servt.
ANANIAS COOPER.
To the Honourable Council of Safety of the Stole of New- York.
[Letter from Saml. Drake.]
Peeks Kill, Uth May, 1777.
Gentlemen — I am directed by the commissioners of se-
questration for the county of Westchester, to inform you
that one Francis Peamart, who joined the enemy at the
time they landed at Peekskill, some time since, has left
behind him a valuable sloop. As the sloop is destitute of
an anchor, cable and tackling, and none readily to be got,
the commissioners conceive she will at present sell at an
under value, and have therefore taken the liberty of having
her conveyed to your care, by the bearer, John Levinus,
who has proper orders for that purpose, and hope you will
give him a receipt for the same, and see that proper care
is taken of her until the further direction of the commis-
sioners, the Convention, or future Legislature of this Stale.
I am, genln. by order.
Your obedt. hble. servt.
SAML. DRAKE.
To the Chairman of the Committee for the State of New- York.
A Declaration, or Ordinance of the Convention of the
State of Neio-York, passed May 10, 1777, offering
free pardon to such of the subjects of the said State, as,
having committed treasonable acts against the same,
shall return to their allegiance.
Whereas, divers of the subjects of this State have been
seduced from their allegiance to ihe same, by the arts of
subtle and wicked emissaries from the enemy, and prevailed
upon by various and delusive promises to leave their wives
and children, and join the army of the King of Great Bri-
tain, in direct violation of the great duties they owe to their
country, their families and posterity :
And whereas it hath been represented to this Conven-
tion, on the part of the said persons, that sundry of them,
having been deceived by the enemy, and instead of being
protected, have either been totally neglected, or compelled
to take up arms, for the express purpose of enslaving and
destroying their fellow citizens, are become sensible of their
error, and very desirous of returning to their allegiance,
and participating with their countrymen in the enjoyment
of the inestimable rights and liberties secured to the good
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
447
people of this State, by the Constitution and Government
thereof :
And whereas divers of the said persons, as well as
others, who have been guilty of treasonable acts against
this State, for fear of the punishment due to their respec-
tive crimes, secrete themselves within the same :
And whereas humanity directs that no means should
be left unassayed to prevent the effusion of blood, and to
give those an opportunity of returning to their duty, who
by wicked men may have been seduced therefrom :
This Convention do therefore, in the name and by the
authority of the good people of this State, ordain, deter-
mine, declare and proclaim, that all such of the said delin-
quents, above described, as shall, on or before the first day
of July next, voluntarily appear before any magistrate, or
field officer of the militia of this State, and take the follow-
ing oath of allegiance to this State, viz :
' I do most solemnly swear, in the pre-
sence of Almighty God, that I will bear true allegiance to
the State of New-York, and in all things do my duty as a
good and faithful subject of the said State,'
Shall, on producing a certificate thereof, under the hand
of such magistrate, or field officer, to the Council of Safety
or Governor of this State, receive a full and free pardon of
all and every treasonable acts and deeds by him heretofore
committed against this State, and be restored to a partici-
pation of all the rights, liberties and privileges appertaining
to the good people thereof.
Extract from the minutes.
ROBERT BENSON, Sedry.
Hanover Precinct, Ulster County, May 12th, 1777,
This day was brought before this committee, a certain
Hugh Doughardy, on complaint of John McCullaugh, that
Hugh Doughardy said, the Congress were liars, and pub-
lished lies.
Evidences qualified on the above complaint :
John McCullaugh being duly sworn, saith, that the afore-
mentioned Doughardy said, that the Congress were liars,
and published lies.
Augnes Stett, being duly sworn, also saith, that Hugh
Doughardy said, that the Congress put out lies.
Hendricus Tervvilligar being hkewise duly sworn, saith,
that the above named prisoner called him a Dutch bugger ;
and further told him, that he had a better right to the land
he lived on than he, (Terwillagar) had himself.
This committee are unanimously of opinion, that the
aforesaid Hugh Doughardy be sent by a proper guard to
the Honourable the Convention of this Stale immediately.
WILLM. YOUNG, Chairman.
L Letter from William Young, Chairman of Hanover Precinct, accom-
panying the complaint of John McCullaugh against Hugh Dough-
ardy.]
Hanover, 12th May, 1777.
Honoured Sr. — We here send you enclosed the com-
plaints on a certain Hugh Doughardy, with a copy of the
affidavits against him ; and further assure you that we will
endeavour, with the utmost diligence in our power, to de-
tect all such persons in our quarter ;
And remain, with the utmost respect.
Yours in duty.
By order of committee,
WILLM. YOUNG, Chairman.
N. B. We are in want of paper, and there is none to be
had in these parts.
Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq.
President of the Convention.
[Letter from Henry Schenk, Esq. respecting pork and flour secreted
by disaffected persons. 1
FishkiU,May 11, 1777.
Sir — I have been credibly informed that there is pork
and beef secreted in this county, by persons unfriendly to
the liberties of America.
I could wish Convention would, by a resolution, em-
power the Commissary-General to make seizures of all
such salted beef and pork within this county or State for
the use of the Continental army.
I am, sir, your most obedt. humb. servt.
HENRY SCHENK.
To the Hon. Abm. Ten Broeck.)
[Letter from Elihu Marvin, setting forth the hardships of the families
of persons ordered out in service, unless a bounty is allowed.]
Oxford, 2d May, 1777.
Gentlemen — The committee of this county taking into
consideration the necessity of having the passes through
the mountains well guarded, in order to prevent if possible
the enemy now invading this State, from getting those ad-
vantageous posts in their possession, and at the same time
listening to the complaints of the poorer sort of people,
upon whom the burthen of that task must necessarily fall,
inasmuch as the wages of a common soldier and non-com-
missioned officer are no ways in proportion to the prices of
the common necessaries of life at this time, and many of
their families must undoubtedly suffer if they are under the
necessity of taking the field without some bounty in addi-
tion to their pay ; and although the people in general are
well affected to the cause of American liberty ; yet for the
reasons above mentioned, we find it impossible to get thena
out, and the mode at present adopted of relieving once a
fortnight is found by experience not to answer the purposes
intended ; the committee have therefore thought proper to
propose to your Honourable Board the raising a bounty
that will be likely to induce men to turn out, and enable
the poorer sort of people to support their families whilst in
actual service.
I am, gentlemen.
Your most obedient and very humb. servant,
By order of Committee.
ELIHU MARVIN, Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New-York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Dirck Jansen to the Commissioners at Kingston.]
Manor Livingston, lAth May, 1777.
Gentlemen — The following persons, vizt : Wilhelmus
Viele, Robt. Van Deusen and Barent Vandenbergh volunta-
rily came to me and delivered themselves up yesterday.
Having no orders from you what to do with those that sur-
rendered themselves, I thought proper to advise them to
go to Esopus to deliver themselves up to you, and gave
them a pass for that purpose ; since which, this morning,
two more have come in, the bearers of this, vizt : Adam
Cillmer and Petrus Butler ; I gave them the said advice,
to wait on you gentlemen. I will be much obliged to you
for your advice and opinion in the premises, so that I may
regulate myself accordingly. I would have done myself
the pleasure to have waited on you more punctually when
here and on your return to Esopus, but have been almost
distracted with the toothache and ague this week past, which
still continues, but not quite so severe.
Mr. Walter Livingston acquainted me that you had ap-
pointed me to make a return of the expenses of this district,
&c. ; beg you will please inform me whether for victual-
ling the men and for troops in service, or either ? and would
be glad to be informed about the pay, &c. so that I may
make a proper return.
I am, dr. sirs, yours sincerely,
DIRCK JANSEN.
To RoBT. R. Livingston and others, Commissioners.
[Letter from the Committee of Pienpack.]
Pienpack, May 12th, 1777.
Gentlemen — This day we have received a letter from
a committee of the Convention by the wife of Abraham
Smith, setting forth her entreaties to have licr husband re-
448
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
leased from gaol, likewise requesting us to let the Honour-
able Convention know whether we thought it would be for
the safety of the State to release him from his imprison-
ment and let him return to his family. In answer, we let
the Honourable Convention know that we are convinced
that the evidence of John Lasiy, against him, is truth; and
likewise we have known him to be a disaffected person
these eighteen months past ; so that we have no reason but
to think that the first opportunity he had, he would take
arms against us. This, gentlemen, is the opinion of your
humbl. servts.
By order of the Committee.
PHILIP SWARTVVOUD, Chairman.
To the Honourable Convention.
In Committee Chamber, )
Rochester, May Uih, 1777. J
To Cornelius Oosterhoudt, Sergeant, Greeting :
Inasmuch as the Representatives of the State of New-
York, convened in Convention at Kingston on the 9th in-
stant, by their resolution did request this committee to cause
John Middagh and Henry Bush to be apprehended and se-
cured ; and that the Convention would defray the expense
thereof. These are therefore to require you, the said Cor-
nelius Oosterhout, with the assistance of tlie persons whose
names are wrote on the backside hereof, to march with
said persons from Rochester on Saturday next to the ha-
bitations of them the said John Middagh and Henry Bush,
on Delaware river, and there with all care and diligence
to apprehend and secure the above persons, and carefully
to bring and deliver them to the Council of Safety for this
Slate now convened at Kingston, and there receive their
farther orders ; you are in your march to take especial care
to do no manner of damage to any person or persons what-
soever, and especially you are to observe throughout your
march to be friendly to the Indians, and to inform them
that your coming with armed men in that part of the country
is of no hostile or evil design against them ; and on your
arrival at the Delaware, you are to advise with David Spager
and Silas Bowker, and if you find it necessary, to take
them or either of them to your assistance until you return
again to their respective houses ; and if you might find it
necessary for more assistance, you may cause any person
along the Delaware to assist you, and if possible, you are
also to bring Martinus Claarwater from said Delaware river
with you, and hereof you are not to fail.
Bv order of the Committee.
JACOB HOORNBEEK, Chairman.
Names mentioned in the foregoing letter.
Jonathan Corlis,
Jonathan Wesbroeck,
Henry Harp,
Cornelius Cool,
Benjamin Yonse,
Benjamin Freer,
Henry Harp, jr.
Petrus Smet.
[Letter from Samuel Loudon relative to the delivery of copies of the
Constitution and copies of the ordinance of the Convention for orga-
nizing the Government, &c.J
Fishkill, 13th May, 1777.
Sir — Yours of the 13th I received, with the ordinance
and manuscript for a handbill. We have used all possible
diligence to comply with your orders. I have now sent you
a parcel of the Constitution, and as many of the ordinance
as could be got ready.
By the specimen I have now sent, you will see the dif-
ference between good and bad paper ; the work looks much
better on this than the last. My paper is come. Holt's
paper I can replace on demand.
In great haste, sir, your most hbl. servt.
SAM. LOUDON.
Memoraxdum.
According to the accout you sent me there are,
819 of the Constitution delivered,
25 I delivered by your order to Messrs. Strang and Thomas.
12 sent to Danberry per order Js. Hubard, Esqr.
12 sent to Mr. Cantine per the commissioneri.
1,213 now sent.
9 delivered to sundries, (unpaid) and who expect them free.
2,090
Also are sent by this conveyance.
Ordinance, 250
Handbills, 250
N. B. Some in the box ; 50 in the bundle; the remainder to be sent
per first opportunity.
To John McKesson, Esqr. Secy, to Convention.
[Letter from Rochester Committee.]
Rocheiter, May 12th, 1777.
We had a request of the Honourable Convention tliis
day before our committee, and are unanimously agreed to
apply to the Honourable Convention for necessary assist-
ance to apprehend those two men mentioned in the re-
solve.
It is undoubtedly the truth that our men are called out
in actual service, that we are unable to send a sufficient
guard, which is judged to consist of thirty men in this
season of planting. We therefore humbly desire that this
Honourable Convention will be pleased to adopt some rea-
sonable measures for our assistance as soon as possible,
with your approbation, whereupon we expect your answer.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble servt.
JACOBUS VAN WAGENEN,
One of the members of the Committee
in absence of the chairman.
P. S. The reasons of having a strong guard is because
it is judged dangerous.
The Honourable Convention
of the Sute of New- York.
[Letter from Cadw. Colden and others confined in Kingston jail.]
Kingston Jail, May 11, 1777.
We the subscribers beg leave humbly to represent to
your Honourable Board, that we are at present confined
in common jail, (some of us eight weeks) without being
brought to a regular hearing before your House, or know-
ing any reasonable cause for which we are thus confined ;
however in these times of general calamities, we thought
ourselves happy in our confinement while we had a pros-
pect of being treated with that respect, decency, and hu-
manity which we think due to our characters, and which
we have hitherto experienced from the present keeper of
the jail. But we have been alarmed within this day or
two with a report that he is to be removed ; and from
the known character of the man who it is said is to have
ihe particular charge of us, we have reason to expect the
greatest indignity, disrespect, and severity will be shown
to us, that our present unhappy situation will admit of ;
and this we are too sensibly convinced of, by the remo-
val of several prisoners into our small apartment, some
of whom say they have been in confinement near nine
months in this jail, and say they are become so lousy as
not to befit to lodge with the meanest of their fellow crea-
tures. We therefore pra)' that your Honourable House
would be pleased to take this matter into your most seri-
ous consideration, and that if we may not be discharged
from our confinement, we beg that we may be remov-
ed to on board the vessels under Mr. Gyles's care, or any
other place of safety, your Honourable House may think
proper.
^ CADWALLADER COLDEN,
JNO. GUMMING,
JOHN MUNRO,
RICHARDSON THURMAN,
ALEX. CRUIKSHANK,
WILLIAM WALLACE,
GARRET FREER,
JAN FREER.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
449
[Ordinance of the 10th May, 1777, offering pardon to such subjects as
should return to their allegiance.]
A Declaration, or Ordinance of the Convention of the
State of Netu-York, passed May 10, 1777, offering
free pardon to such of the subjects of the said Slate,
as having committed treasonable acts against the same,
shall return to their allegiayice.
Whereas divers of the subjects of this Slate have
been seduced from their allegiance to the same, by the
arts of subtle and wicked emissaries from the enemy,
and prevailed upon by various and delusive promises, to
leave their wives and children, and join the army of the
King of Great Britain, in direct violation of the great du-
ties they owe to their country, their families and posterity :
And whereas it hath been represented to this Conven-
tion, on the part of the said persons, that sundry of them,
having been deceived by the enemy, and instead of being
protected, have either been totally neglected, or compelled
to lake up arms, for the express purpose of enslaving and
destroying their fellow citizens, are become sensible of
their error, and very desirous of returning to their allegi-
ance, and participating with their countrymen in the en-
joyment of the inestimable rights and liberties secured to
the good people of this Stale, by the Constitution and
Government thereof:
And whereas divers of the said persons, as well as
others, who have been guilty of treasonable acts against
this Stale, for fear of the punishment due to their respec-
tive crimes, secrete themselves within the same :
And whereas humanity directs that no means should be
left unassayed to prevent the effusion of blood, and to
give those an opportunity of returning to their duty, who
by wicked men may have been seduced therefrom :
This Convention do therefore, in the name and by the
authority of the good people of this State, Ordain, De-
termine, Declare and Proclaim, that all such of the said
delinquents, above described, as shall on or before the
first day of July next, voluntarily appear before any ma-
gistrate, or field officer of the militia of this State, and
take the following oath of allegiance to this State, viz :
" I do most solemnly swear,
" in the presence of Almighty God, that I will bear true
" allegiance to the State of New-York, and in all things do
" my duly as a good and faithful subject of the said Slate,"
Shall, on producing a certificate thereof, under the hand
of such magistrate or field officer to the Council of Safely
or Governor of this Stale, receive a full and free pardon
of all and every treasonable acts and deeds by him here-
tofore committed against this Slate, and be restored to a
participation of all the rights, liberties and privileges ap-
pertaining to the good people thereof.
Extract from the minutes.
ROBERT BENSON, Secy.
(Letter from Matthew Cantine and Zepha. Piatt, Jr.]
Red Hook, 10th May, 1777.
Sir — We have on inquiry found the number of the dis-
affected in this quarter so great that we have thought it
necessary to dismiss many who appear to be penitent and
ignorant, on their giving hostages for their good behaviour.
Those whom we thought it dangerous to dismiss we have
sent to you, to be confined till ihey can be properly tried
and either convicted or discharged. We hope proper pro-
vision will be made both for their security and support till
their trial. We shall to-morrow adjourn to Rliinebeck,
where we have appointed the commissioners from Pough-
keepsie to meet us. Mr. R. Livingston has not complied
with your order to attend the House, in consequence of
our request that he would remain with us till we had
finished the business in this quarter.
As the organization of a court-martial is within the de-
partment of the General, we cannot see the propriety of
imposing tliat task upon us, and, though we find ourselves
inclined to take our full share of duly, yet we must beg
[Vol. II.] 113
leave to decline a burthen which in the regular course of
business another is appointed to bear. The delaying the
execution of the convicts at Kingston has a very pernicious
effect here, and gives room to surmises very injurious to
our cause.
We are, sir, with great respect,
Your most obt. hum. servts.
MATTHEW CANTINE.
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jr.
To the Hon. the President of the Convention, Kingston.
[Letter from Capt. Belknap.]
New Burgh, 29th May, 1777.
Sir — As I have received a resolve of the Council of
State, requiring a return of the men raised by myself and
my subalterns, in obedience to that resolve, I'take the first
opportunity to inform you (hat as soon as I received the
resolution of Convention of the 29lh of April last, (which
I received the 17th instant,) I sent my subalterns to Wall-
kill and Shawangonk, in order to raise what men they
could there, while I was myself endeavouring to raise
what men I could at this place and New- Windsor ; but
from the scarcity of men, and the superior encouragement
for hands to work on the public works and Newburgh and
New-Windsor, we have not been able to raise one man.
I am, sr. your most obedient humble servt.
ISAAC BELKNAP, Capt.
To the President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Chairman of the Committee of the County of Ulster.]
In Committee for the County of Ulster, ?
May 29th, 1777. ^
Whereas, Lieut. Jonathan Terwilleger tabled a petition
before this committee, relative to losses that he and others
had sustained by the hands of Lieut. Jacobus Rosa's com-
pany of tories, requesting satisfaction for said losses, as
may by said petition enclosed appear, the committee, tak-
ing said petition into consideration, and after deliberating
thereon, was of opinion that if any restitution was to be
made for such losses it would be done by Council of
Safety for this State ; and on said petitioner's request, this
committee would recommend said petition to your Honour-
able Board.
By order of the committee.
CORNLS. C. SCHOONMAKER, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Council of Safety
for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Ebenezer Dayton.]
Bethany, in the township of New-Haven.
Sir — I removed from Brookhaven with my family in
September last, leaving valuable possessions, and am be-
come a resident in this place, to which I have lately re-
turned from a successful cruise in the privateer brigantine
Fanny, and am out of employ, and now both ready and
desirous to obey any commands the Honourable Conven-
tion may please to lay upon me, to the best of my skill
and ability, in any department they may please to employ
me. My character may be learned from either Mr. Will-
iam Smith or Mr. Thomas Tredwell, two of the Suffolk
county Delegates, who lived the nearest to my former resi-
dence, and with whom I had the honour of a slight ac-
quaintance.
I have had the boldness and vanity to recommend to the
Hon. Convention the sending one or more ranging compa-
nies upon Long island, and beg pardon for the same, and
for my presumption of enclosing a draft (whicli I have
formed) of a resolution, whicli I would recommend (with
such alterations as the Convention may see fit to make in
the same) as a proper plan of operations and rule of con-
duct, to direct such ranging parties or companies. I have
thought much of the plan, and am convinced sending
ranging parties or companies upon Long island, with pro-
per instructions, would be of very essential service, in
450
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
many respects, to the States ; and I am as fully convinced
that the same is practicable while the weather is warm,
and that there is a sufficient extent of woods, swamps,
plains, and faithful friends, &c. on Long island, to shelter
and secrete companies of rangers from the eye and injury
of any enemy able to harm them, even upon the supposi-
tion that half the British troops and tories in America
should be employed in search of them. Moreover, I am
confident that they might always have it in their power to
make a safe retreat from said island, or send off prisoners
or important news, by going over with small light boats,
from which land in the night, at as many different parts of
the island, and carry each boat and the stores far from the
shore, and bury them in the earth in as many secret places,
each far distant from the other. They would have it in
their power to procure provisions and all other necessaries
while there, and be able to do much, yea very mucli, exe-
cution by surprise, being industriously moving from place
to place, making unexpected attacks in une.xpected places,
depending upon surprise as the soul of their enterprizes,
and a speedy and long removal after each time they dis-
cover themselves as their greatest security against being
attacked, surprised and surrounded by a superiour force,
and in each such their removals to steer an unlikely course,
and always lake the advantage of night, and always have
a place of rendezvous or of meeting agreed upon, that they
may be able to embody in case of being on any occasion
obliged to separate or disperse.
If the Honourable Convention should judge proper
to send rangers upon Long island, I would be glad to
have the command of a company of them, which I am
sure I could enlist in a very short time, upon the terms
of the enclosed draft of a resolution, having conversed
with many upon the subject, to whom I have in a se-
cret manner told my purpose of writing, as I now do,
all of whom have promised to enlist if I do get orders,
provided they can be allowed to plunder under the regula-
tions mentioned in the enclosed draft. Though my abili-
ties and merits are very small, yet the great advantage I
have had of knowing the geography of said island and its
inhabitants, with their several political principles, and the
many different parts they have acted, and manners of be-
haviour during this controversy, has rendered me on these
accounts, perhaps, more capable to conduct the operations
of such a ranging company than a man of the greatest
abilities who has not had the advantages above named. If
1 could have my choice I would ever choose to serve the
public in that department I am the best qualified for, and
in such sphere of action as will render my endeavours of
the greatest service to my country.
I do not mean, by writing this and the enclosed draft,
to instruct, or presume to dictate measures to the Honour-
able Convention, or to be understood as though I supposed
my judgment as to the expediency of my advice, or my
ability in preparing the draft of a resolution, any ways
equal to the wisdom of the Convention. I hope an un-
feigned desire to promote my country's good, (though I
should perhaps err as to the means) will induce the Ho-
nourable Convention to excuse and pardon me for my
boldness and presumption in taking the liberty of troubling
them with reading this and the enclosed outlines of a fa-
vourite plan of my own invention. I shall expect that if
the Convention have any employment for me they will
write me a line.
With submission, and the highest respect, I beg leave
to take the honour of subscribing myself.
Sir, your most obedient
And very humble servant,
EBENEZER DAYTON.
To the Honourable President of ihe Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Resolutions proposed by Mr. Dayton, accompanying the foregoing
letter.]
In Convention of the State of New-York, the day
of 1777.
Resolved, That companies of rangers be sent upon
Long island, to execute the following orders, viz.
I. That they treat all persons whatever as open declared
enemies to the States of America, according to the usages
and customs of war, whom they find upon Long i«land,°or
in the harbours and bays round the same, if within the fol-
lowing descriptions, viz: 1st. All under arms upon any
pretence whatever, unless in defence of these States. 2d.
All belonging to the British army or navy, though not
under arms. 3d. All those who have, since the first day
of Sept. last removed from elsewhere to Long island, not
having been inhabitants thereof within one year before
such their removal. 4th. All deserters from the American
army. 5lh. All prisoners who had broke jail or their parol,
and fled thither for refuge. Gth. All the inhabitants of
said island, and others who had before or since last Septem-
ber fled to the British army or navy, or secreted themselves
elsewhere, with intent to avoid obedience to orders of Con-
gress. 7th. All persons in possession of, or claiming any
lands, buildings, or other property of such liege subjects
to this State, as have emigrated from said island since the
first of September last ; the said possessors or claimants not
having titles nor possessions from said emigrants or their
representatives. 8th. All persons whatever who have se-
lected, or hold and execute any new commission derived
from his British Majesty, whether civil or military, that
they have accepted of since, or which they had not been in
the execution of upon said island before the first of Septem-
ber last. 9th. All commissaries, contractors, or other persons
employed in purchasing horses, cattle, sheep, or any other
live stock or provisions of any kind, or forage, fuel, wagons,
or any other articles whatever for the use of the British
army or navy ; or employed in conveying the same to said
army or navy ; or cutting wood for water transportation ;
or employed in carting towards the shore, wood, grain,
fish, provisions or any other articles, for the purpose of
transporting the same to said army or navy, or places in
the possession of said army. lOlh. All such as were in-
vited, but refused to sign the association which was gene-
rally signed throughout this State, and others who were
generally reputed enemies to the States before September
last, provided they have since been officious in serving the
interests of his British Majesty, or obstructing the good
of the States.
II. To retaliate for like injuries, and to distress the
British army and navy, such rangers shall secure, or de-
stroy by fire or otherwise, as may be in their power, all
kinds of live stock, provisions, forage, or other stores be-
longing to his British Majesty, or intended for the use of
his army or navy ; and all boats, vessels, carriages and
teams employed in conveying the same to the said army or
navy ; and all piles of wood on the shore or elsewhere,
intended for water transportation ; and all stores of provi-
sions collected for the express purpose of exporting to the
enemy, or places where their army or navy are ; and the
buildings and other effects of such persons as take up arms
against said rangers, or do give any information to the pre-
judice of them, or otherwise deceive or endeavour to be-
tray them into the power of their enemies, or break their
promises of secrecy and friendship, or give their enemies
notice where they may be found.
III. Whereas the duty of said rangers will expose them
to many dangers, hardships, and the inconveniency of living
in the woods, swamps and thickets, without shelter, where
they cannot receive any rations of victuals, drink, and other
necessaries from any American commissary ; And whereas
the British soldiers have been allowed or countenanced in
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
451
plundering ; therefore, besides the wages allowed Conti-
nental troops, the said rangers shall, in lieu of rations, and
as a reward lor their extraordinary hardships and services,
and to encourage them in such dangerous enterprises, be
allowed to plunder such property (not being the clothes
and such baggage of prisoners as is customary to allow
them), as they can eat, drink, and secure or remove from
said island, either belonging to his Majesty, his troops, or
to persons who shall come within the above description of
such as they are to proceed against, and account declared
enemies for or on the account of any new acts or omis-
sions, done after the said ranging parties shall make suffi-
ciently public these their orders, by distributing a sufficient
number of primed or written copies of these resolutions
and orders amongst the inhabitants of said island ; the said
plunder to be divided among the company, according to
their rank and rate of pay.
IV. This Convention will provide arms, ammunition,
boats, and all other necessaries for said expeditions, and
allow such rangers customary rations until they embark
for said island, and after they return from and while not on
the same. And the said rangers (both officers and pri-
vates) shall have each twenty dollars bounty, and the re-
cruiting officers ten dollars for each recruit ; such ranging
companies to belong to no regiment, and each company in-
dependent of any other, and commanded by a captain com-
missioned by this Convention ; to whom he shall from time
to time make returns of his proceedings, and of whom
receive for himself and company the aforesaid bounty,
wages, &c. ; and each company, when raised, shall choose
one lieutenant, one sergeant, and one corporal to every
twenty privates, under tlie inspection of their captain, and
such lieutenants, sergeants and corporals, if approved of
by the captain, shall be authorized to act and receive the
pay of such, by a warrant from their captain. Such ran-
gers to be holden in said service until the approach of
winter-renders them unable to execute their orders.
V. Whereas, negroes and other servants have been by
promise of freedom encouraged to enter into the British
service, to fight against their masters and these States :
And whereas every kind of retaliation, (though in this and
many other cases to us very disagreeable,) is become ab-
solutely necessary for the well being of this State : There-
fore, resolved, that all such negroes and servants of such
enemies as above described, who do enlist into said ranging
companies, shall be free, and upon the same footing with
others as to bounty, wages and plunder, though they shall
be accounted incapable of sustaining any office whatever,
or for voting for others.
[Letter from General Gates, at Albany.]
Mbany, 30th May, 1777.
Sir — I send the enclosed packet for General Washing-
ton unsealed, for your perusal. I desire (having read the
contents) you will instantly forward the General's packet
by a faithful messenger to Head-Quarters. You will be
careful to seal the packet.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient, humble servant,
HORATIO GATES.
To the President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from the Ulster Committee.]
Im Committee, for the County of Ulster, \
Jpril 8th, 1777. 5
Gentlemen — There are sundry accounts laid before
this committee by persons who live within this county, of
expenses that have accrued for transporting some of tiic
Continental troops, with tlicir baggage ; also for entertain-
ing, nursing and doctoring such of the sick of said troops
as could not be moved. As many of the persons who
produce such accounts are in low circumstances, they can-
not afford to lay out of their money ; and this committee
is of opinion they should not, as they were moved with
such tenderness as to commiserate with the distressed
and indigent, most of whom were lousy and in wretched
circumstances. This committee begs that the Honourable
Convention will in their wisdom devise some mode by
which such accounts may be discharged, as the good of
the public service in some degree depends on it. If it is
agreeable to ihe Honourable Convention, this committee
will (after examining such accounts) pay them out of the
public money they have borrowed from the State, provided
they shall have the several sums reimbursed to them
again.
Gentlemen, your speedy answer to the above will much
oblige
Your very humble servants.
CORNLS. C. SCHOONMAKER,
Chairman,
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Robert Van Rensselaer.]
jlpril I6th, mi.
Dear Sir — Upon my arrival home, I found a letter
from the chairman of the county committee, requesting the
assistance of our militia to quell an insurrection of the
tories in Balls Town ; and upon inquiry, found that the
same spirit prevailed much in my regiment — to such a de-
gree that it appears numbers have enlisted, and have taken
an oath of secrecy, and allegiance to the King of Great
Britain ; and that a regiment of loyal volunteers is to be
raised in the county of Albany, under the command of I.
Hereston, as will appear by the enclosed ; in consequence
of which we have not complied with the request of the
chairman. Seventeen of the villains are now in confine-
ment ; and by the vigilance of our committtee and militia
officers, hope soon to detect the whole, and transmit to the
Convention the proof that shall be collected.
I am, dear sir, in great haste,
Yours,
ROBT. VN. RENSSELAER.
Leonard Gansevoort, Esqr.
[Letter from Albany Committee.]
Albany Committee Chamber, llth April, 1777.
Gent. — Since our last of the 8th instant, wherein we
have in some measure pointed out our intricate situation,
we are under the necessity to offer our farther thoughts on
the present perplexing times since the aforesaid represen-
tation. We have our jails crowded in such a manner as
not to admit of any additional prisoners being sent to us,
though conscious that the numbers who have engaged in
this county in direct opposition to our cause, we judge to
be nearly one half in some districts, and in others not so
much. It is true, Convention have passed a resolve on the
first instant, for certain crimes therein mentioned ; but as
the greatest number now confined in jail, we conceive do
not directly come under that resolve, therefore beg your
speedy advice how to proceed with persons who have ta-
ken an oath of secrecy not to divulge the matters entrusted
to them ; but by several who have confessed, we learn that
they engage to remain neuter until the arrival of the enemy
in our county, at which time, if requested by the enemy,
they have engaged to take up arms against us to preserve
their estates. The promoters, or heads, wc conceive come
under the aforesaid resolve ; but those chiefs we have not
as yet been able to apprehend.
The trouble we are under in guarding the above men-
tioned prisoners, the apprehensions should any of them
escape might be attended with dangerous consequences,
and poison the minds of others who are wavering in their
462
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
principles, induces us lo request tlial some method maybe
pointed out by the Convention how we are lo proceed with
those who do not come under your last resolve, for it has
already been observed that if the Convention and commit-
tees grant any further indulgences in suffering them lo go
at large, our friends do not scruple lo say that they had
belter give up the cause, than to be daily perplexed m re-
apprehending disaffected persons, who are treated with
such great lenity ; they also say, that under the aforesaid
circumstances, it is more easy and beneficial in being a lory
than a whig, because the lories are permilled to remain at
ease if they choose it, whereas our friends are daily called
and commanded under the strictest injunctions into the field
on some alarm or other ; others of our friends have assert-
ed, if again commanded to re-apprehend such persons as
have been before confined for their inimical principles, ihey
will save the committee and Convetilion the trouble of
judging them ; and we assure you as a facl, that should it
again happen, blood will be spilt on the occasion. As such
proceedings should be guarded against as much as possi-
ble, the matters now referred to you, call for your immedi-
ate interposition, and lo point out a mode lo relieve us from
these more than a pest to human society. It is with regret
we are to inform you, that the lale proceedings of Conven-
tion appointing commissioners, ordering before them such
persons as were therein mentioned, have been attended
with bad consequences, as the persons who have attended
from this quarter on the commissioners, do not scruple lo
say since their return, that the Legislature of the Slate
seem to be timorous lo proceed against them, and by their
returning in the manner as they have done, they have gain-
ed, as we suppose, a number of proselytes ; we should
therefore request your most serious attention on this impor-
tant head
Your immediate direction how to proceed with those
who have heretofore been sent into a neighbouring State,
and are returned on parole ; some of these are the princi-
pals, who have art and cunning to seduce the country.
These are the men we should be absolutely rid of; these
are the emissaries of our open enemies, who are the source
of all the present disaffection. For further particulars re-
specting the above matters, we refer you to the bearers,
John Ten Broeck and John Younglove, Esqrs. by whom
we expect your answer.
We are, gentlemen.
Your most humble servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
N. B. It is requested that Mr. Ten Broeck may return
to this place as soon as Convention have prepared their
answer. His family are in such a situation, that it is with
difficulty we have been able to prevail on him to be the
bearer hereof.
To the Honble. the Convention of
this State, at Kingston.
[Letter from Jno. Broome, at Hartford, Cent.]
Hartford, May 5. 1777.
Sir — Capt. William Rogers, in the privateer sloop Mont-
gomery, belonging to our State, arrived at New-Haven last
week { and as I esteem that harbour at present a very unsafe
one, I have ordered her round into Connecticut river, as high
as Middletown. Capt. Rogers, on his passage from Balti-
more, took a prize schooner laden with tobacco, bound to
New-York, but was unluckily retaken by a man-of-war
near Fisher's island. The officers and four man-of-war's
men which navigated the schooner are brought in prisoners.
I think it will be best to fit out the Montgomery immedi-
ately, if provisions and other necessaries can be obtained ;
but the captain and men decline going until the former
cruises are settled. Capt. Rogers tells me he engaged in
our service on the terms allowed by Congress, which at
present, I think, is half the prizes, besides wages ; should
be glad lo know if the Convention understand ihe agree-
ment in this light. I have not as yet had an opportunity
of procuring Capt. Rogers' accounts, therefore don't know
how much is due to him and the men. The privateer, I
am informed, is considerably in debt for money advanced
by order of her former agent, Mr. Hallett, towards fitting
her out the last cruise at New-Haven. If Mr. Francis
Lewis is returned to Convention, it will be necessary to
send me a sufficiency of her prize money to settle the ac-
counts and refit her ; but in case he is not with you, I de-
sire Convention will, without loss of time, order him to
remit me a sufficiency for that purpose. I am the more
urgent, because there will be no chance of getting her out
before the accounts are closed. Capt. Rogers tells me his
prize sold at Baltimore for rising iL'l 1,000, that currency,
which is at the rate of 7s. dd. per dollar ; I imagine £."7,000
is not more than will be necessary for the purposes above
nieruioned, should you direct me lo allow half the prize
money exclusive of wages. The captain tells me he receiv-
ed at Baltimore, from Mr. Lewis, about £700. I have
just removed my family from ihe sea shore lo this place,
and allotted to have set out for Convention last week ; but
the landing of the enemy at Compoo, and the arrival of
Rogers prevented.
I am, sir,
Your's and Convention's humb. servt.
JNO. BROOxME.
A'^. B. If the salt brig is condemned and sold, Mr. Lewis
must send me of her proceeds in nearly the same propor-
tion with that of the other prize.
Hon. Abraham Ten Broeck,
[Letter from Major Ledyard.]
Peekskill, May 7, 1777.
May it please your Honours — It gives me the great-
est pain that I am under the disagreeable necessity of
troubling your Honourable Body ; but I hope for pardon,
when I assure you it is with a sincere view to the good of
the service. I am fully sensible of the honour done me by
my lale appointment to a majority in one of your regi-
ments, and wish lo acquit myself worthy of the confidence
you were pleased to repose in me, which I hope you will
leave in my power by granting my request. I have been
exceedingly ill treated by my Colo. Henry B. Livingston,
Esq. for this some time past ; twice arrested by him, and
with much difficulty I have been able finally to get a trial ;
but through the most unprecedented manner, I was obliged
to submit to his i)ringing against me all that he could make
up from the time of my entering thg regiment to the 2nd
inst. when my last arrest was dated, or be put off perhaps,
again, without satisfaction, I therefore agreed to it ; and the
sentence of the court was, (as in yesterday's general orders),
that the charges are groundless, and do therefore acquit
him with honour. It is not possible for me to serve in the
regiment under his command, and do justice to it and mv
country, with cheerfulness, unanimity and pleasure. I there-
fore beg your Honours will please to remove me to the 2d
regiment of this State, commanded by Col. Cortlandt. I
wish not to leave the service ; but if this removal is thought
inconvenient or improper, and I can serve no otherways
than in the regiment he commands, I must beg, if it is still
in your power, you will grant me leave to resign my com-
mission.
I have the honour to be.
With the greatest respect,
Your Honour's most obt. servant,
BENJ. LEDYARD, Major 4th N. Y.
To the Hon. the Convention of the
State of New- York, at Esopus.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
453
[Letter from tlie Committee of Albany County.]
Albany, May 12th, 1777.
Gent. — I am directed by the committee to inclose you
a draft on the President of the Convention for one tliou-
sand pounds, which you will please to send up with the
first safe opportunity.
I am, gent, your humble servt.
By order.
MAT. VISSCHER.
N. B. The loan officers have a large sum of money on
hand.
To the Delegates of the County of Albany.
An Extract from General Orders issued the 20th May
last, at Head- Quarters, Morris Town, and the 30th
of May, mi, from Head- Quarters at this Post.
That the great and necessary purpose of adjusting the
rank of all the officers in the American army may be ef-
fected with expedition, His Excellency the Commander-
in-Chief is pleased to order that the field officers of each
Continental battalion do immediately examine into the pre-
sent rank, and hear the pretensions thereto, of all their cap-
tains and subalterns ; settle them when they can to the sa-
tisfaction of the gentlemen concerned, and make a full and
fair report of their proceedings to the brigadier command-
ing the brigade ; and that the brigadiers, with the assistance
of the field officers in their brigade, do upon the receipt of
such reports, proceed to adjust the rank of all the officers
in their separate brigades, and make a full and fair report
of their proceedings to the major-general commanding their
divisions. That should there be any instance of dissatis-
faction in the officers, with the determination of their field
officers, they be candidly enumerated by such field officers
and parties complaining with all their attendant circum-
stances, and reported to their respective brigadiers, (who
shall call before them all the parties interested, inquire into
the claims, and) if they cannot be settled to general satis-
faction, make a special and particular report to their major-
general ; upon receipt of which several reports, a board of
officers will take a dispassionate comparative view of the
whole, and determine the rank in the army. Until which
time, it is expected the service will not be injured by dis-
putes about rank ; but that every officer will, by an emu-
lous discharge of his duty, recommend himself to his coun-
try, and to the promotion he thinks himself entitled to.
A true copy made at Peekskill this 1st July, 1777.
Attest.
JNO. FRANKS, P. M. \th N. York Regt.
[Letter from Philip Cortlandt, requesting medicines.]
Peekskill, May 30<A 1777.
Dr. Sir — As many men are now under inoculation at
this place, and medicine much wanting, shall be obliged if
you could procure the several articles I wrote for some time
ago to be delivered to Mr. Levi Dewitt, quarter-master.
We shall want all the salts you have; I think you had sixty
pounds.
Please to make my best respects to inquiring friends,
and believe me to be, sir.
Your obt. and very humb. servt.
PHILIP CORTLANDT.
To John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Henry Wisner, inclosing the oaths of allegiance and ofEce
of the sheriff of Orange County.]
Goshm,22rd May, 1777.
Dear Sir — Agreeable to your order, I immediately wait-
ed on the sheriff of Orange county, and administered to
him the necessary oaths of allegiance and office, which I
do myself the honour to transmit by the bearer.
I am, sir, your most obedient humble servant.
HENRY WISNER.
To the Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Vol. II.] 114
[Oath of Allegiance taken by Jesse Woodhull.]
I, Jesse Woodhull, do solemnly swear and declare, in
the presence of Almighty God, that I will bear true faith
and allegiance to the Stale of New-York, as a good sub-
ject of the said Stale, and will do my duty as such a sub-
ject ought to do.
JESSE WOODHULL.
Sworn to and subscribed before >
me, this 23d of May, 1777. J
Henry Wisner.
[Oath of Office taken by Jesse Woodhull.]
I, Jesse Woodhull, sheriff of the county of Orange, do
solemnly swear and declare in the presence of Almighty
God, that I will in all things to the best of my knowledge
and ability, do my duty as a sheriff of the said county, ac-
cording to the laws and Constitution of this Stale of New-
York, for ihe furtherance of justice, and in support of the
rights and liberties of the said State and of the subjects
thereof.
JESSE WOODHULL.
Sworn to and subscribed before >
me, this 23d of May, 1777. $
Henry Wisner.
[Letter from the Committee of New Burgh, stating the case of
Elnathan Foster.]
New Burgh, May 29th, 1777.
Sr. — In pursuance of a resolve of the Honourable the
Convention of the State of New-York, dated the fifth of
May last, for electing committees in the different precincts
of the counties within this State, for expediting the mea-
sures necessary for the general weal : we, in consequence
thereof, being elected for the aforesaid purpose of commit-
tee for the precinct of New Burgh, think ourselves in duty
bound to remonstrate the evil consequences that we appre-
hend must arise from enlargement of Elnathan Foster, an
inhabitant of this precinct, whose conduct has rendered
him notorious to the liberties of America, which we pre-
sume the Convention was ignorant of at the time of his
enlargement : and whereas the good people of this precinct
are extremel)'' unhappy to find a character thus marked by
his base conduct, to exist among them, as he would have
it in his power, on the approach of an enemy, to do infinite
mischief, have sent him back to Kingston ; and we, there-
fore beg leave to transmit to you the several charges against
said Foster, which we presume will be proved on his trial,
and which charges are as follows, viz :
That the said Elnathan Foster did, sometime in July
last, attend a training appointed to raise part of the militia,
to go down to Fort Montgomery, and then and there did
refuse to stand his draft, class or to give money to raise
the men required for that purpose. That Capt. Clark, the
captain of the company of militia to which said Foster be-
longed, not being able to raise his quota of men that day,
ordered the company to meet the next day, and said Foster
refused to attend the training, and said that he would pay
his fine, and accordingly sent or paid his fine to Capt. Clark;
and then came to the training while the company was on
the parade under arms, and then and there did laugh at and
make a derision of the company for standing in the hot
sun, while he was at liberty to walk about like a gentle-
man. That sometime in or about October last, the said
Foster was called upon, with the rest of the Company, to
raise their quota of men, agreeable to the resolution of
Convention ; and said Foster did strictly forbid his officer
to enrol his name for a draft, and did refuse to class or
go in the service on any account. That sometime in Fe-
bruary last, or when the Convention ordered drafts from
the militia to be sent down to Ramapough, the said Foster
did refuse to assist in raising men for that purpose, and said
ithat those miglit go and fight out the quarrel that began it,
until his captain put him under guard ; and then his captain
classed him with three or four others of the company, and
454
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
then said Foster did give 16 dollars to his captain, towards
hiring a reian, and by tiial means obtained ins liberty ; and
Sonne of llie men that were classed with him, declared they
never would pay Foster any part of the money, because
their captain had classed them with such a damned tory.
And that sometime in the month of March last, when the
militia was ordered down to the fort on the alarm, the said
Foster neglected to march with the rest of the company ;
and Foster was put under guard, and a court martial order-
ed by Coll. Hasbrouck to try the said Foster and several
other delinquents of the same company ; and as the court
could not sit for several days, the said Foster and several
other prisoners were released until the court should sit, and
on their giving their obligation for twenty pounds, with a
covenant therein empowering their officer to seize and sell
so much of their effects as would pay the sum of twenty
pounds in case they did not appear at court martial. That
the said Foster, about two days before the court sat, de-
serted his country, in order to go to the enemy, and with
several other of our neighbours, was taken by Major Wis-
ncr, and carried to Kitigston.
By order of the committee.
ABEL BELKNAP, Chairman.
F. S. This committee beg leave to inform you, that as
far as we have had opportunity to converse with the good
people in this end of the county, we find that they are in
general very much against the enlargement of the persons
that went out of this neighbourhood, as they are of opinion
that they will be the worst enemies we iiave, if the British
troops should come up the river ; and we arc of opinion, if
they should be sent hojne, that they would be shot, as sun-
dry persons have declared they would not live in the neigh-
bourhood with them.
To the President of the Honourable Council
of Safely of the Slate of New- York.
[Letter from Albany Committee.]
Albant Committee Chamber, }
May 9, 1777. ^
HoND. Sir — Necessity at this time, is the occasion of
our addressing you. We are extremely perplexed by the
success we have met with in apprehending of our ene-
mies, to such a degree that all our places of confinement
are so crowded that no room is left to admit others; though
the number now confined being about 150, we have reason
to believe many more will be sent to us in the course of
three or four days. It is not only a collection of the dis-
affected from this county, that are assembled in the woods,
but many others who are inhabitants of the neighbouring
States and counties ; these when taken, consequently are
sent to our gaols. Painful as it is, that we are under the
necessity of taking charge of villains who do not live with-
in our jurisdiction, yet we do assure you that the commit-
tee intend to exert every nerve, for the good of the cause
in general. The parlies sent by us to the eastward and
westward, have met with good success ; and we have
great reason to believe those to the northward, headed b)'^
Capt. McAlpin, will be effectually quelled, in a short time.
Lieut. CoUo. Gorden of Ballstown, we are informed, with
a parly of fifteen or sixteen, has taken a party of forty odd
in the vicinity of that township, who were on their way
to join McAIpin, as we suppose. These prisoners, we
expect in to day, and likely a large number from the Hel-
lebergh, in a day or two ; from which j^ou may judge of
the absolute necessity there is to lessen their numbers.
The gaol distemper is dreaded by the inhabitants, the
guarding of them burthensome ; therefore, we would re-
quest that Convention will be pleased to order the judges
appointed to try them, to repair without delay, on that bu-
siness to this place.
We are, sir, your humble servts.
By order
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Honble. the President of the
Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from the Committee of Amenia Precinct.]
Amenia Precinct, ?
In Committee, May 2, 1777. $
Gentlemen — These are to lay before you our critical
situation at present ; and to beg for your direction in our
present circumstances.
We have a number of people in this precinct and many
more in the oilier precincts in this couniy, ihat there is
very strong reasons to suspect are ploiung the ruin of
their country ; that they are enemies and traitors to the
United States of America ; they are frequently declaring
they will not take up arms against the King ; ihey will not
go on any alarm or do any military duty, and are frequently
speaking against Congressional measures ; and try to dis-
courage our raising men, <lkc. And this committee know
not of any law or authority that gives them any right to do
any thing with them, unless they go such lengths as that
their actions appear treasonable. And the people liere in
general, are so exasperated against them for fear of being
murdered, burnt or destroyed in the night, that they seem
determined to rise in a body, and kill all the tories they
can find in the county, unless some effectual measures are
very soon taken with them ; which perhaps, might bring a
train of consequences very disagreeable.
Gentlemen, if any ways or means can be devised to
secure them, and settle the minds of the people in quiet,
should think an essential service done to the public.
Gentlemen, we hope and wait for your direction and
advice.
And are your most humble servts.
By order of the Committeee.
To the Honobe. the Convention
of the State of New- York.
^ list of a Company of Traitors under the direction of Jacobus Rooia,
dated May 4, 1777.
Jacob Middagh, Jacob Longyaar, William McGinnis, John Van
Vlcel, Henry Crispell, Thomas Crispell, Jacob Furler, Cornelius
Furler, Coeriradt Misner, Andries Longyaar, Jacob Davis. — Taken.
James Markle, Coenradt Salle. — Not taken.
Sylvester Vandenmarke, Andries Kyser, Cornelius Sammons, Frede-
rick Kyser. — Taken.
John Stokes. AVilliam Orr, Daniel Gruen, Jacobus Senigh, Christo-
pher Teet, Henry Caider, Johannis Kyser, Johannis Keater, Peter
Hennepaugh, Harris Caider, Frederick Caider, Hartmau Hyne, Aldert
Oosterhoudt, Hans Kealer, junr. — Not taken.
William Caider, John Rappellye, William Teets, Thomas Kyser,
Wouter Stouter, Peter Bush, Jack, negro of Guysbert Roosa. — Taken.
John KoU, Doctor Ansom. — Not taken. They now lay in a rock-
house in Coiing Clove or Mountain, and one of tlie prisoners knows the
place.
The regular officer or spy, James Jones, weaver at Sagertyes. — Not
taken.
Samuel Freligh, of the above mentioned party — Taken.
Acco.MPLicES.— Cadr. Colden, Esq Alexander Cample, Arthur Mc-
Kenny, Daniel Reynolds, Pe ter Aldridge, William Burton, Robt. Gil-
more, Richard Oakly, Abraham Middagh, Lodowick Seely, William
Wood, James Quigby. — Taken.
Silas Gardner, Isaac Lockwood, not belonging to the above parties,
but charged with the same crime. — Taken.
John Williams, suspected and a deserter from the mUitia service, in
which he was lured.
Teunis Van Vleet, for not discharging his duty faithfully when Roo-
sa's company crossed the WaUkill, where he was placed, &c. &c.
[Letter from Egbert Dumond.]
Water Side, May 4, 1777.
Sir — Enclosed is aletter from Peter Dubois, to one James
Herryl ; the bearer was one Silas Gerner, who has been
in New-York. By all account, he w^as the bearer of this
on his way home to Newburgh ; he was the person re-
ceived a ring from Sir John Johnson, to Lady Johnson, as
a token of a friend, to be safe of his conducting her to
New- York, who is now a prisoner. My reason of send-
ing this, is if Gardner should deny it, the letter must
show the contrary. This letter I took from him or his
wife, when I was down seizing the tory effects. Being
in haste, beg to be excused for not being more particular.
I am, sir, &c,
EGBERT DUMOND.
To General Abraham Ten Broeck.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
455
[Letter from James Duane, Lewis Morris, William Floyd.]
Philadelphia, May 5, 1777.
Gentlemen — Agreeable to your directions communi-
cated in your letter of the 23d of March, respecting the
command' in the marine department on the lakes ; we im-
mediately introduced the subject to Congress, and a reso-
lution passed, that Mr. Douglass should forthwith repair
to his station. As this was in the military line, the reso-
lution was forwarded to General Schuyler ; and we did
rot think it necessary to trouble you with a copy.
We again applied to Congress, on receipt of your favour
of the 29th of April last, from which we learn that Doug-
lass had not yet proceeded to the lakes. This occasioned
the further resolution, of which we have the honour to en-
close you a copy. It will bring the point to an immediate
deterrnination ; and we hope fully answer your expecta-
tions.
Major Tuthill is appointed to succeed Benedict. We
sincerely wish for an opportunity of promoting Mr. Willet,
his merit is with us unquestionable ; but as Major Tuthill
sustains a good character, and has the advantage of pri-
ority, Congress has given him the preference. The com-
mission will be forwarded by the next conveyance.
We have the honour to be,
With the greatest respect gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hum. servts.
JAS. DUANE,
LEWIS MORRIS,
WM. FLOYD.
P. S. We have obtained and enclose the commission
for Major Tuthill.
Honbl. Committee of Safety of New-York.
[Extract of a letter from His Excellency Genl. Washington.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Morris Town, May 5, 1777. 5
Dear Sir — I am favoured with yours of the 1st instant
by Captain Lush, with copies of the proceedings of the
courts martial upon the case of Captn. Martin, and those
of several persons accused of treasonable practices. As
the proceedings against the latter, can be only sent for my
opinion, I having no right to interfere in the matter, I
would recommend the execution only of the most notori-
ous, and such whose punishments would strike terror into
their accomplices and adherents who are not yet appre-
hended ; by making executions too common, they lose
their intended force, and rather bear the appearance of
cruelly than the effects of justice.
State of New-York.
An Act to regulate the toages oj mechanics and labourers,
the prices of goods and commodities, and the charges
of innholders within this State, and for other purposes
therein mentioned.
Whereas, the Honourable the Congress of the United
States of Anierica, by certain resolutions, bearing date the
twenty-second day of November, in the year of our Lord
one thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven, did, among
other things therein mentioned, recommend to the Legis-
latures of the respective Stales of New-Hainpsliire, Mas-
sachusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations,
Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania and
Delaware, respectively, lo appoint commissioners, to con-
vene at New-Haven, in Connecticut, on the fifteenth day
of January, then next, in order to regulate and ascertain
the price of labour, manufactures, internal produce and
commodities imported from foreign parts, military stores
excepted ; and also to regulate the charges of innholders ;
and that on the report of the commissioners, each of the
Legislatures should enact suitable laws, as well as for en-
forcing the observance of such of the regulations as they
should ratify, and enabling such innholders to obtain the
necessary supplies, as to authorize the purchasing com-
missaries of the army, or any other person, whom the Le-
gislatures may think proper, to take from any engrossers,
forestallers or any other person, possessed of a larger quan-
tity of any such commodities, or provisions, than shall be
competent, for the private annual consumption of their fa-
milies, and who shall refuse to sell the surplus, at the pri-
ces to be ascertained as aforesaid, paying only such price
for the same :
And whereas, in pursuance of the said resolutions, com-
missioners in behalf of the several Slates of New-Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island and Providence-
Plantations, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey and
Pennsylvania, did convene at New-Haven, in Connecticut,
and after sundry adjournments, did on the thirtieth day of
the said month of January, resolve and agree, as follows,
viz.
First. That the various kinds of labour of farmers,
mechanics and others, be set and affixed, at rates not ex-
ceeding seventy-five per centum advance, from what the
prices of their respective labour were in the same places,
in the several States aforesaid, through the various seasons
of the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and
seventy-four.
Secondly. That the price of teaming and all land trans-
portation, should not exceed the rate of five-twelfths of a
Continental dollar, for the carriage of twenty hundred neat
weight, per mile, including all expenses attending the
same.
Thirdly. That all kinds of American manufactures, and
internal produce not particularly mentioned and regulated
by the said Convention, be estimated at rates not exceeding
seventy-five per centum advance from the prices they were
usually sold at, in llie several parts of the respective States
aforesaid, in the year one lliousand seven hundred and se-
venty-four.
Fourthly. That the price of hemp, flax, sheep's wool,
all kinds of linen and woollen cloths, hosiery of all kinds,
felt hats, wire, and wool cards, manufactured in America,
shall not exceed the rate of centum per centum advance,
from the price they severally were at, in the several parts
of the Slates aforesaid, in the year of our Lord one thou-
sand seven hundred and seventy-four.
Fifthly. That the prices of all kinds of European goods,
wares and merchandises, imported from foreign parts, or
brought into the respective States by capture or otherwise,
shall not exceed the rate of one Continental dollar, for each
shilling sterling of prime cost, of the same respectively, in
Europe, exclusive of all other charges, when sold by the
importer or captor, excepting only the following articles,
viz : All kinds of woollen and linen goods and checks suit-
able for the army, drugs and medicines, duck of all kinds,
cordage, tin plates, copperas, files, allum, brimstone, felt
hats, nails, window glass, salt, steel, wire, wool cards,
cotton cards, and naval and military stores.
Sixthly. That all woollen cloths, blankets, linen, shoes,
stockings, hats and other articles of clothing, suiiable for
the army, theretofore imported, which are, or shall be
seized, and taken by lawful authority of the respective
States, for the use of the army, shall bo estimated at the
above rates, wilh the addition of the stated allowance, for
land carriage, if any there be, to the place where taken.
Seventhly. That the price of the following articles, at
the first port of delivery, or place of manufacture, withiri
ihe respective States, shall not exceed the rates to them
affixed respectively, viz : Good West India rum, three
dollars per gallon by wholesale ; good merchantable New-
England rum, two dollars per gallon by wholesale ; best
Muscovado sugar, tliirty-lhrce dollars and one-third of a
dollar per hundred, gross weight ; and all other sugars in
usual proportion, according to quality ; best molasses, one
dollar and an half per gallon, by wholesale ; colTcc, three-
456
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
fourths of a dollar per pound, by the hundred weight ; good
merchantable Geneva, two dollars per gallon ; good mer-
chantable brandy, two dollars per gallon ; good merchant-
able whiskey, one dollar and one-sixth of a dollar per gallon ;
all other distilled spirits, not therein enumerated, not to ex-
ceed two dollars per gallon.
Eighthly. That no trader, retailer or vender of foreign
goods, wares or merchandises, shall be allowed more, than
at the rale of twenty-five per centum advance, upon the
price, such goods, wares and merchandises, are or shall
be sold for, by the importer or captor, agreeable to the re-
gulations, therein prescribed and fixed ; with the addition
only of the cost and charge of transportation, by land, at
the rale of five-twelfths of a dollar per mile, for transport-
ing twenty hundred neat weight, from the first port of de-
livery, to the place where the same shall be sold and deli-
vered by retail.
Ninthly. That innholders be not allowed more than
fifty per centum advance, on the wholesale prices of all li-
quors, or other foreign articles therein stated, and by them
sold in small quantities, allowing as aforesaid for charges
of transportation ; and for all other articles of entertainment,
refreshments and forage, not exceeding seventy-five per
centum advance on the prices, which the same were sold
at, in the same places, in the year one thousand seven
hundred and seventy-four.
Tenthly. That the following enumerated articles shall
not be sold at higher prices within the respective States,
than are set down and aflixed to such articles respectively,
with the addition only, for the stated allowance for land
carriage, if any there shall be, the said sums being estimat-
ed at six shillings lawful money per dollar.
And whereas, the said sums, as far as they respect this
Slate, converted into lawful money of New- York, are as
follows : that is to say —
Good merchantable wheat, peas and white beans, thir-
teen shillings per bushel ; good merchantable wheat flour,
one pound sixteen shillings per hundred, gross weight ;
good merchantable rye or rye meal, eight shillings and eight
pence per bushel ; good merchantable Indian corn, or Indi-
an meal, six shillings per bushel ; pork, well fatted, and
weighing from one hundred to one hundred and fifty pounds
per hog, seven pence one farthing per pound ; pork, well
fatted, and weighing from one hundred and fifly to two
hundred pounds per hog, eight pence per pound ; poik,
well fatted, and weighing more than two hundred pounds
per hog, eight pence three farthings per pound ; American
cheese of the best quality, one shilling per pound ; mer-
chantable oats, four shillings per bushel ; best grass fed
beef, with hide and tallow, two pound six shillings and
eight pence for every hundred pounds weight ; and so in
proportion for that of inferior quality ; best stall fed beef,
with the hide and tallow, three pounds four shillings for
every hundred pounds weight, and so in proportion for
that of inferior quality ; good butter, by the firkin or cask,
one shilling and eight pence per pound, and by the single
pound or small quantity, one shilling and nine pence half
penny ; raw hides, six pence per pound, and other skins
in the proportion of price they usually bore to raw hides ;
good well tanned sole leather, two shillings and eight pence
per pound, and all kinds of curried leather in the propor-
tions of price they usually bore to well tanned sole leather ;
common sort of men's shoes, made with neat leather, six-
teen shillings per pair ; men's calf skin shoes, of the best
quality, twenty shiUings per pair ; and women's and chil-
dren's shoes in due proportion ; bloomery iron, at the place
of manufacture, sixty-four pounds per ton, and in that pro-
portion for a lesser quantity ; refined iron, at the place of
manufacture, sevenly-four pounds thirteen shillings and
four pence per ton ; pig iron, at the place of manufacture,
twenty-four pounds per ton ; best manufactured American
steel, fit for edged tools, two shillings and eight pence per
pound ; and common American manufactured steel, one
shilling and nine pence half penny per pound.
Be it therefore enacted by the people of the State of
New-York, represented in Senate and Assembly, and it
is hercbi^ enacted by the authority of the same, That no
per.>ion or persons whatsoever, shall ask, demand, have,
receive, take, offer, give, pay or allow, either in money or
in barter or exchange, either directly or indirectly, for any
of the articles of labour, or mechanical work, provisions,
produce, manufactures, goods, commodities, wares or mer-
chandises, salt excepted, and also except as is above ex-
cepted, or for refreshments or other supplies, for man, horse
or cattle, at any inn or inns, within this State, the respect-
ive rates and prices whereof have been severally fixed, and
ascertained as aforesaid, any greater sum or sums, rate or
rates, price or prices, for the same respectively, than those
at which the same have been severally and respectively
fixed, and ascertained as aforesaid. Provided always,
That nothing herein contained, shall extend to hinder or
prevent bartering or exchanging between neighbours, ac-
cording to the several usages and customs in this State, in
the year one thousand seven hundred and seventy-four, for
their own and families' use and conaumpiion only.
And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid. That no
person or persons, having any greater quantity or number
of the above mentioned enumerated or non-enumerated ar-
ticles, except as above excepted, than shall be sufficient
for the necessary use and consumption of himself or them-
selves, or his or their family or families, respectively, be-
ing demanded to sell, shall refuse to sell the surplus there-
of respectively, or any part thereof ; and in case of such
refusal, any one of the judges of the county court of com-
mon pleas, or a justice of the peace of ihe county, shall, at
the request of the party, to whom such refusal shall be
made, determine whether the cause of such refusal shall
have been sufficient to justify such refusal, consistently
with the true intent and meaning of this law ; and if any
person or persons whatsoever, shall wittingly or knowingly
offend in any matter or thing whatsoever, against the tenor
or true intent and meaning of this law, he, she or they so
offending, shall be subject to prosecution, by information
or indictment, for the offence ; and moreover, shall forfeit
and pay for every offence, treble the value or price, as
above rated and ascertained, of every article, which he,
she or they, shall so sell, barter or exchange, or refuse to
sell ; or for which he, she or they shall offer, give, pay
or allow, or ask or demand, any greater price than is above
ascertained, to be recovered with costs of suit, in a sum-
mary way, before a justice of the peace of the county
where the offence shall have been committed, if such tre-
ble value shall not exceed five pounds ; and if it shall be
greater than five pounds, in any court of record within
this State, having cognizance thereof, by any person who
will sue and prosecute for the same, to his own use, in an
action of debt, by bill, plaint or information ; in which suit
in a court of record, the defendant shall be held to bail, as
in actions of debt on specially, and have no essoin, pro-
tection or wager of law, nor more than one imparlance.
And if the plaintiff in any such suit or suits, as aforesaid,
shall become non-suit, or discontinue or withdraw his suit,
or if judgment therein shall be rendered for the defendant,
that then, and in every such case, the defendant shall have
execution for his costs, to be taxed. Provided alicays.
That no such determination as aforesaid, by any judge
or justice, shall be given in evidence, on any such infor-
mation or indictment, or in any such popular action as
aforesaid.
And be it further enacted by ihe authority aforesaid.
That in case any person or persons whatsoever, shall re-
fuse to sell to any person or persons appointed, to the com-
missary or quarter-master's department of the army of the
United States of America, or of any other forces employed
by the said United States, or either of them, for the use of
such forces only, any of the articles herein before rated,
that in such case, it shall and may be lawful, to and for
such commissary or quarter-master, to apply to two of the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
457
nearest justices of the peace ; who are hereby authorized
and required immediately to inquire into the cause of such
refusal ; and to issue their warrant under their hands and
seals, without delay, authorizing such commissary or quar-
ter-master to take from such person or persons, so refusing
such arlicles, the prices whereof are hereby respectively
rated, as the said person or persons so refusing, shall in
their judgment be able reasonably to spare to such com-
missary or quarter-master ; he paying therefor at the price
or prices herein before regulated. Provided always, That
no person shall be deemed or esteemed as belonging to the
commissary's or quarter-master's department, for the pur-
poses above mentioned, unless regularly appointed there-
to ; and such appointment be approved by the person
administering the government, by writing under his hand.
And he it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That this law, unless sooner repealed by the Legislature
of this State, shall be, and continue in full force and effect,
during the present war between the United States of Ame-
rica and Great Britain, and no longer. Provided always,
That this law shall not take effect m the county of Dutch-
ess, until six days after the passing thereof, nor in the
counties of Ulster and Orange, or either of them, until ten
days after the passing thereof, nor in the county of Albany,
until twelve days after the passing thereof, nor in the coun-
ty of Tryon, until sixteen days after the passing thereof,
nor in the county of Charlotte, until twenty days after the
passing thereof, nor in the counties of Cumberland and
Gloucester, or either of them, until twenty-five days after
the passing thereof, nor in the county of Westchester, un-
til eight days after the passing.
This act passed the 3d of April, 1778.
[Letter from the Committee of Rhinebeck, signed by Jacob Heermane
their Chairman, complaining of Colo. Robt. Livingston selling iron
at an exorbitant price.]
Rynebeck Precinct, Novr. 21st, 1777.
Sir — We think it our duty to inform your Honourable
Body of a matter that we fear will prove very injurious to
the inhabitants of this State ; we are informed that Coll.
Robert Livingston lately sold his bar iron for ten pounds,
and now asks seventeen pounds per hundred for it, and that
many blacksmiths have on that account stopped working ;
those who still continue ask five dollars for shoeing a horse,
and for other things in proportion ; should Coll. Livingston
continue to rise in his price at this rate, it will be impossi-
ble for the farmers to till their grounds and supply our in-
habitants with the necessaries of life ; it is thought that se-
venteen pounds is much too high, much more than even
the difference of the times will excuse, especially as the
workmen employed in the furnace and forges are e.xempted
from doing military duty, and no doubt for that reason
work for lower wages ; as there are no other works of that
necessary kind in this part of the Slate, and people are
under the necessity of purchasing it from Coll. Livingston
or go without, it is considered in a very disagreeable and
distressing light, and many of the good people of the State
are greatly alarmed on that account.
There is another matter your Honourable Body may think
proper to prevent in these times of distress, which is horse
racing, which we are sorry to inform begins to be much
followed in this quarter, and is not as we recollect in our
power to prevent it.
We are, sir, your very humble servt.
JACOB HEERMANE, Chairman.
P. S. Since writing the above we are informed that
Coll. Livingston now sells bar iron for £20.
The Honbi. the President of the
Council of Safety of the State of New-York.
[Vol. II.] 115
[Letter from John Younglove and George Palmer, commissioners of se-
questration in the northern district of Albany county.]
Cambridge, Novr. 15th, 1777.
HoND. StR — We have the honour to be, by appoint-
ment, two of the commissioners for the disposing of tory
effects for the benefit of the State ; the vast exorbitant price
of every necessary of life, both for man and horse, ren-
ders it very distressing for me to serve our country, at the
present allowance settled by your Honourable Body for such
service, and we are willing to do every thing in our power
to serve the public ; but you know it is hard for indivi-
duals to sacrifice both time and money to the public ; our
present allowance about pays half our expenses ; we hope
therefore you will take the premises into your serious con-
sideration, and grant such relref as you, in your wisdom,
shall devise.
We are your very humble servants,
JNO. YOUNGLOVE,
GEORGE PALMER.
Commissioners for Albany County.
To the Honourable President of the
Council of Safety for the State of NewYork.
[Letter from Majr. Bancker at Fishkill.]
Fish Kill, 22d Novr. 1776.
In consequence of a request of Coll. Johannes Snyder
and sundry of the officers of his regiment, I have it in
command to wait on the Honourable the Convention of the
Stale of New-York, to know in what manner they are to
accept or understand the resolve of the 7th of September
last ; by which a regiment of militia under the command
of Coll. Snyder was raised, out of the counties of Ul-
ster, Dutchess, Albany and Orange ; as the colonel and
sundry officers do not agree in their acceptation of the
meaning or sense of the resolution, therefore would know
from the Honourable Board,
First. By whom they are to be paid.
Second. Whether they are to be paid while on the
ground or after their return from the garrison. To the
above second question I would just beg leave to observe
that were they to be paid before they left the garrison,
numbers of them would immediately enter in the standing
forces, and it would give a general satisfaction to the men
to enter cheerfully in the service at any time hereafter ;
whereas, if they are not to be paid until their return, it
will greatly dishearten them, and many of them in all pro-
bability never receive a farthing of their wages, by rea-
son of their several places of abode being so far distant
from each other.
Third. How, or in what form, they are to draw their
pay rolls, and from what time.
One of the companies of the county of Albany has been
regularly mustered by a person appointed by the commit-
tee of Albany for that purpose, and the times of their en-
listment regularly entered, and the other seven companies
I believe never were mustered.
Fourth. How they are to count their mileage, subsistence
money and pay per number miles a day ; whether from
their respective homes, or from the captain's place of
abode.
Fifth. Whether they are to be discharged all at the same
time, or as they came to the garrison after staying two
months ; the companies from Ulster, Albany and Orange
having arrived at the fortresses the 26th, 27th and 28th
days of September, and those from Dutchess partly the
1st of October and reinforced from time to time until No-
vember.
Sixth. As the officers have drawn but one ration, from
whom are they to receive the money for their rations that
is still due to them.
458
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Seventh. As there is no provision in the before men-
tioned resolve for llie officers from the time they entered
the service until their arrival at garrison, nor for their re-
turn home, should be desirous to know their depcndance.
As I am ordered to join my regiment without delay, am
desirous of an answer as soon as convenient. In behalf of
the officers and our regiment,
I am, sir.
Your most ol)edient and humbl. servt.
FLORES BANCKER, Major.
To the Honourable tlie President of the
Convention of tlie Slate of New- York.
[Letter from Mat. Visscher.]
Mbany, ISth Novr. 1777.
Hon. Siu — I am directed by the committee to enclose
you a copy of a letter from the committee of Tryon county,
and General Gates' answer thereupon.
I am with great respect.
Your most obt. servt.
By order.
MAT. VISSCHER, Seaj.
Honble. the President of the
Council of Safety.
[Letter from the Albany Committee.]
.Albany Committee Chamber, 22d, Novr. 1111.
HoND. Sir — This day was delivered to our custody
among a number of dangerous disaffected persons, one An-
drew Palmetier, who called himself a captain, and enlisted
men in the King of Great Britian's service ; the principal
ringleader of the party who have robbed and destroyed the
effects and persons of several of our friends on the east side
of the river ; and as it is highly necessary that such an
atrocious offender should be brought to immediate punish-
ment, we beg you will order the judges of the court of
oyer and terminer to hold a court at this place with all the
despatch possible ; we should not be so urgent were Pal-
metier not in a bad state of health.
We are, bond, sir,
Your most obt. servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
Honble. President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Eben. Hazard.]
North Castle, Nov. loth, 1776.
Dr. Sir — The enemy has got below Dobbs' ferry ; it is
said 10,000 have embarked at New-York, and it is sup-
posed they are bound to the West-Indies ; a few days ago
a few regulars landed a Hide to the eastward of Stanford
and stole two cows ; a tory conducted them to his house.
No other news. Your rider never calls upon me now.
Enclosed is a paper and Massachusetts address for Con-
vention.
Adieu.
EBEN HAZARD.
To John McKesson, Esq. Fishkill.
[Letter from the Committee of the county of Tryon.]
In Committee of Tryon County, >
Nov. Uth, 1777. 5
Sir — Notwithstanding the representations made by the
chairman of this board, when last in Albany, we are again
necessitated to apply for a few troops to be stationed on
the southern frontiers of this county.
We have lately had a scouting party to Tunidella, who
gave us information that a large number of disaffected peo-
ple had collected at that place, and from appearances, they
were making preparations for some expedition. Some
say it is meditated against the frontiers of Ulster county,
while others say it is intended against this county.
Tunidella is a receptacle for all deserters from the
army, runaway negroes, and other bad people ; we there-
fore judge it extremely necessary to have that nest entirely
eradicated ; and until that is done, we never can enjoy our
possessions in peace, for those villains carry off all the
cattle they can find, besides robbing the well affected in-
habitants.
We are, gents.
Your humble servts.
By order of the Committee,
PETER S. DEYGART, Chairman.
P. S. Colo. Van Schaick, reports that Tunidella ig
near seventy miles soulhvvest of Cherry Valley ; that
there is no means of sending supplies there, or of main-
taining troops when they are there ; besides, he is certain
that any tories or disaffected Indians, that may be there
will on the approach of any party to rout them, immedi-
ately disperse.
To John Barclay, Esq.
In Committee of Sai etv of the State of New- York. >
Fishkill, Nov. 30, 1770'. J
Resolved, That Mr. Cuyler and Mr. Duer be autho-
rized and requested to employ such, and so many persons
as they shall tliink fit, to purchase and collect three hun-
dred felling axes ; and that they have power to impress
the same, where there is more than one in a family, pay-
ing the full value, or offering to return the same, on or
before the first day of January next ; and that they advance
such sums of money as they shall think necessary for the
purpose, which this committee will repay. That the axes
so purchased and obtained, be delivered to Genl. George
Clinton, or his agent, taking a receipt therefor, as so many
axes delivered into the Continental store. That the per-
sons so employed, set out on this business immediately,
and return all the axes they shall obtain this day, to Genl.
George Clinton, or his agent, at New- Windsor, by seven
o'clock on Sunday morning, or as soon after as possible.
That in order to compensate their extraordinary fatigue,
one shilling will be paid to each agent for every axe, by
him delivered, over and above liis wages and expense of
carriage.
Resolved, That John Teller, John Elmendorph, Jere-
miah Clarke, and Nicholas Brewer, Junr. be appointed
agents to collect within one week, as many boats, scows,
and crafts, as are fit for carrying stone. That they have
power to hire or impress the same, ferry boats excepted,
permitting the owner of every boat with sails, to put one
hand on board if he shall choose it, giving a receipt there-
for ; which receipt shall describe the boat, and specify the
hire agreed for. That the boats be delivered to Genl.
George Clinton, or his agent, at New-Windsor, with all
possible despatch. That on such delivery to Genl. Clin-
ton, they be respectively appraised by three reputable free-
holders, and a similar receipt taken therefor, by the persons
delivering the same.
Resolved, That Gilbert Livingston, Esqr, cause all the
spars and timber, purchased by the secret committee, to
be immediately rafted to New- Windsor, and delivered to
Genl. Clinton, or his agent, and that a receipt be taken
therefor. And that Gilbert Livingston, do cause tliree ton
of iron, of one inch and a half and one inch and three-
fourths thick, an equal quantity of each, or such other
quantity and sizes, as General George Clinton may direct,
to be delivered at New-Windsor, as soon as possible.
Resolved, That Mr. Contine, Mr. Cuyler, and Colo. Al-
lison, be a committee, to supply such further necessaries
as Genl. George Clinton may apply for, in order to per-
fect the obstruction of the navigation of Hudson's river.
That they be empowered to draw on the Treasury for a
sum, not exceeding £400 to defray the expense thereof.
Resolved,, That all the troops of this State, who are not
by the terms of their enlistment confined to particular
counties, except those in the counties of Charlotte, Tryoii
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
459
Cumberland, and Gloucester, be ordered down to Fort
Constitution, and be annexed to Genl. George Clinton's
brigade, till the first day of January next. And that let-
ters be written to the chairnaan of the county comnriittees
where the troops are under their direction, requesting
them to enforce this resolution.
Resolved, That the militia of Orange and Ulster coun-
ties, hold themselves in readiness to march at a moment's
warning, to oppose the invasion of the enemy, on the west
side of Hudson's river. That Brigadier-Genl. George
Clinton issue orders accordingly ; and that they march for
that purpose on receiving the orders of Major-Genl. Heath,
provided such orders shall be given within one month.
Resolved, That Mr. Mechin, the.engineer, be requested
and authorized to alter and fix the chain, intended for the
obstruction of Hudson's river, in such manner and at such
places as he may think it best calculated to answer the
purpose for which it was intended, and that this committee
will advance the money necessary to defray the expense
thereof.
Extract from the minutes.
ROBT. BENSON, Secry.
[Letter from Colo. H. B. Livingston, respecting the officers under his
command.]
Fishkill, llih Novr. 1776.
Gentlemen — Should it be thought proper to honour
me with the command of a regiment, in order to its being
tolerably well officered, I must beg leave to recommend
to your notice, the following officers, who I am of opinion
are qualified for the commissions set opposite their names.
If you gentlemen, should be of the same opinion, I should
be happy to see them in those stations. Major Peter
Schuyler a Lieutenant Colonel ; Major Fish, Brigade
Major to General Scott, a Major ; Captain Sacket a
captain to Grifin's company ; Captain Rosekrans and Cap-
tain Davis, continued ; Lt. Jonathan Titus, {an old officer,)
and Lt. Israel Smith, captains ; in case of vacancies, Lt.
Geo. Smith to be a first lieutenant, (a worthy officer of
approved resolution,) Woolsey, (a volunteer, in the
excursion to Long Island,) a lieutenant if possible, if not
an ensign ; a surgeon, an adjutant, a quarter-master and
chaplain, will be much wanted, none having been appoint-
ed to the regiment I now serve in.
I remain gentlemen.
Your most obt, humble servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Lt. Col.
To the Gentlemen of the Committee of Arrangements.
[Letter from Abrm. P. Lott, Esq. relative to salt.]
Nine Partners, Novr. 7, 1777.
Gent. — Just now received yours of the 3d, instant ;
am sorry to inform you, that it is not in my power to get
the salt along, as the roads are very bad, and cannot get
wagons to ride it. Have had a person out this eight days
and have done very little. I have got some wagons to
ride down the salt, which lies within twelve or sixteen
miles from the landing.
If you judge proper to send me a press warrant, to get
wagons to carry the salt from Old Canaan to the places
ordered, will be much obliged to you. Coll. Nicoll, has
been with me this two days, to get wagons ; as he is
Gome to fetch their part of the salt for their county.
Gent. I remain your huml. scrvt.
ABM. P. LOTT.
N. B. If you send a warrant, order it at Coll. Cortlandl's
where I shall land to inquire if it be there.
To the Committee of Safety for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Gen. George Clinton to the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.]
New-Windsor, Gth November, 1777.
Gentlemen — I was informed yesterday by Coll. Wil-
lett, and this day by Coll. Ludington, who has come from
his house for the sole purpose of giving me the information,
that for three months past vast quantities of flour have been
purchased in this State and carried across the country to
Norwalk, and from thence transported, as he has the strong-
est reason to believe, to Long island for the use of the
enemy. Coll. Ludington has been stationed in Westchester
county with his regiment of militia during that time, and
from his situation has had an opportunity of gaining such
intelligence concerning this wicked practice, as to convince
him of its existence, though he has not been able to procure
positive evidence of the fact.
He assures me that many mills in Dutchess county are
employed by one Helmus to grind up all the wheat that
can be purchased for this business, and the most exorbi-
tant prices given; that one Abbot, of Norwalk, is his partner,
and transacts the business there ; that even though the flour
carried out of the State was not for the enemy, the exporta-
tion of that article from the diff"erent parts of it, is so great,
as to endanger a famine in the army and country. Some
measures must therefore be immediately taken to prevent
this evil, and as I am not vested by the Constitution with
powers competent for the purpose, I have thought it my
duty to mention it to you, that you may take such effectual
steps as in your power, to prevent it, or the Legislature if
practicable, convened for that purpose.
I have ordered five hundred men out of the two regiments
in the lower end of Ulster and those of the upper end of
Orange, to reinforce the army in this quarter, and enable us
to erect the necessary works in the Highlands, and at the
chevaux-de-frise, on which I am in hopes in a few days to
make a beginning.
Our first object, in my humble opinion, is so to reinforce
the grand army under General Washington, as to enable
him to strike a decisive blow in that quarter. This is the
easiest and most effectual way to retake and hold New-
York, every other will prove in the end ineffectual. I wish
therefore, as large a proportion of the northern army and
of this, to be sent to Head-Quarters, as can be spared con-
sistent with the safety of this State ; but I fear this will
not be the case, though it is Genl. Gates's sentiments as
well as mine, and all the officers with me.
Genl. Gates wishes me to command that part of his army
which he means to detach southward ; he wrote me yester-
day on the subject, and with the approbation of your Ho-
nourable Board, it would give me great pleasure to accept,
as I am persuaded I can be of little or no service here,
and not very happy.
The Council will oblige me by letting me know what
place is proposed for the meeting of the Legislature, as I
would wish to accommodate my family accordingly, who
are now scattered in different quarters of the country. No
news since I last wrote you.
I am, with due respect, your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Hon. the Council of Safety.
[Letter from John Cruger, requesting a pass for himself, his sister and
family to return to the city of New. York, with his furniture]
Kinderhook, November '2d, 1777.
Gen. — It is now upwards of nineteen months since I
left the city of New-York and came to this place with my
sister and family ; since which, both she and myself have
sufl'ercd many inconveniences by reason of our age and
bodily infirmities and the want of necessaries to which
they have exposed us ; and having heard lately that iMajor-
Genl. Gates gave permission to sundry persons to go to
New-York, and presuming upon the acquaintance I former-
ly had with him, I wrote him for his leave for us to return
there ; but he declined this as a matter more properly be-
longing to the civil authority, and laid it before the com-
mittee at Albany, who have referred the application to you.
I lake the liberty therefore, gentlemen, to request your in-
dulgence in tliis particular and a pass for myself, my sister
460
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &cc.
and family to return to New-York, with wliat little furni-
ture I have here, in which you will confer a particular favour
on me. The bearer, Mr. Abrm. Van Valkenburg, will wait
your answer.
I am, gent. yr. most obed. liumb. ser.
JOHN CRUGER.
To the Hen. the Council of State.
[Letter from Judge Hobart, on the subjsct of salt.]
Sharon, 3Qth October, 1777.
Sin — Mr. James Reed, one of the commissioners for
receiving and delivering out the salt purchased for llie use of
the inhabitants of our State, has just called on me, and in-
forms that the salt has not yet come to hand ; that the com-
mittee of Westchester have frequently applied for their pro-
portion, as the people of that county are greatly distressed
for want of it ; he also informs me that the man in whose
care it is left at Symsbury, would have sent it forward be-
fore this time but has no orders ; that the people of West-
chester are so anxious for it that they would send carriages
from thence for their proportion, but as the salt probably
would not be delivered to his order, he discouraged them
from the attempt ; and that unless measures were soon
taken to bring the salt into the State, the roads would be
so bad as to render it impracticable till the snow falls.
This information is of so important a nature that I thought
it my duty to transmit it to you by express and take upon
myself the risk of the expense being paid by the Council.
As the salt was purchased for the use of the people, and
they have placed their dependance upon it, I tiiink the ho-
nour of Government is engaged that they should not be
disappointed, and hope such measures will be speedily
taken as will prevent even the possibility of a charge of
negligence upon either the Council or their agents.
I have the honour to be.
With equal truth and esteem,
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
JNO. SLOSS HOBART.
P. S. I expect to see Mr. Reed again in a few days,
and shall be glad to have it in my power to inform him that
the Council have taken effectual measures to bring the salt
immediately, which by the way, will be no small help to
the treasury.
To the Honorable Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from the Committee of Albany on the subject of salt.]
AxBAirr Committee Chamber, >
28^^ October, 1777. J
HoND. Sir — We some time ago sent a sloop to the Ma-
nor of Livingston for the salt allotted to this county, and
only three hogsheads were sent us by Mr. Livingston, the
remainder being in Mr. Jansen's store, who pretends he
cannot deliver it without your order. Although we con-
ceive such order not necessary, yet to remove all scruples,
we beg you will issue your order immediately for that pur-
pose, and deliver the same to the bearer, Mr. W^ebber, who
is to bring the salt to this place.
We are, your humble servts.
Bv order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[The petition of Jacob Tremper to the President of the Council of
Safety of New- York.]
The humble petition of Jacob Tremper of Kingston in
the county of Ulster, currier,
Humbly sheweth :
Whereas the Honourable Council of Safety lately by re-
solve ordered three hundred weight of leather to be sold,
seized and taken from your petitioner's servant on the ninth
of this instant, on a supposition that your petitioner had
committed the act in defiance of a resolve lately passed the
Council, prohibiting the transportation of tanned leather out
of this Slate into anollicr State, your petitioner having not
the least knowledge of such a resolve in force ; your peti-
tioner being entirely innocent as lo the offence by hira com-
mitted, to which fact I take the Almighty God as a witness
that your petitioner never knew a word about it until after
tiie return of the leather to Hurley : And whereas three
of the members of the Council being on Monday the Sth
instant at your jictitioner's house, to wit, Mr. Webster,
Mr. Clark and another gentleman, inquiring for leather,
and one of those gentlemen pointing at a certain heap of
leather lying in my cellar, and asked what leather it was,
and your petitioner answered those gentlemen, it was lea-
ther that was to go to Bethlehem ; those gentlemen told
your petitioner not the least word about the resolve nor the
least thing concerning it : And whereas my brother John
having a parcel of leather on my wagon, and being in-
formed by Judge Wynkoop of the resolve, and his having
no regard of the judge's admonition, and persisting and
prosecuting his journey, is no act that ought to be imputed
to me ; it is an established maxim, that an act done against
my will is not my act ; so that let the actor take care what
he does ; and another maxim in law is, ignorance of the
fact excuseth ; another maxim of the law corapelleth no
man to impossibilities. It was impossible for me to know
that such a resolve was passed before I was informed of
it, either by a publication thereof or from some person
that knew it. And another maxim says, every act is to
be judged from intention of the agent ; your petitioner
never had any intention to act contrary to the resolutions
of the Council. For all the above mentioned reasons your
humble petitioner begs and prays the Honourable Council
of Safety to take the matter respecting your petitioner's
leather and all the facts attending it, into reconsideration,
and your petitioner doubts not but that some matter in this
your petitioner's petition may attract their notice and con-
sideration ; and your petitioners shall ever prav.
JACOB TREMPER.
To the Hon. Council of Safety of New- York,
now sitting at Hurley.
[Letter from D. Wynkoop, at Marbletown.]
Marbletovm, Thursday Morning.
Dear Sir — I did understand from General Scott, that a
resolve was passed by the Council to prevent the exporta-
tion of sole leather out of this State ; and this morning
Jacobus Bcsemer and Tremper were at the house of Jo-
hannus Tack, with a wagon load of leather, going to Beth-
lehem ; and as they were so early, I suspected that they
were apprised of the resolve, and I told them so ; they an-
swered me that no such resolves were pubhshed in the
newspapers, and if they were prevented to do it this day,
they would find means to do it some future day. I give
you this early notice that you may take such steps as you
shall find needful.
I am, sir.
Your most humble servant,
D. WYNKOOP, Jun.
Evert Bancker, Esq.
[Letter from Robt. Boyd, Jun. and Saml. Brewster.]
Gentlemen — In consequence of a resolve of the Com-
mittee of Safety for this State directed to us, we went to
the Forrest of Dean Furnace and made an estimate of
every thing on the ground necessary for carrying on the
foundry. It is to be noted, that three of the horses, four
of the cows, and all the oxen are abroad wintering, and
as they were at a considerable distance, we could not see
them, therefore fixed the prices agreeable to those we saw,
save the oxen, which we principally depended on Mr.
Griffith's judgment for the value of. The rent you will
perceive is fifty pounds ; these are the terms the Honorable
Convention can employ the furnace on. It is our opinion
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
461
gentlemen, the furnace may be employed with advantage
to the public ; as to the quahty of the metal with respect
to casting of cannon, we can say no more than what hath
been already proved ; for information thereof, we would re-
fer you to Mr. Griffith ; as to casting shot, &c. &c. that
we presume hath been sufficiently proved already. And
the most proper person that we can think of as a superin-
tendent over the works is John Griffiths, Esqr.
We are, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very
Humble servants,
By order.
ROBT. BOYD, Junr.
SAML. BREWSTER.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from James Fuller.]
Sir — I went according to your direction which you gave
me at Harlaem to Col. Thomas, and he gave me marching
orders, but the men would not march on those terms, and
General CHnton said that those that would not march
might stay ; and sir the difficulty that I am in is very
great, and I would be very glad if you could help me out.
If you could determine the matter while you are down
there, it would be of great satisfaction to me and all the
men. Since you appointed me, I would be glad of your
assistance.
I am your humble servant.
JAMES FULLER.
[Letter from Abm. P. Lett at Boston.]
Boston, June 5th, 1777.
Gent. — At my arrival in Hartford, I applied to Mr.
John Broome and Mr. Peter Van Dervoort, if any salt
was to be purchased ; could find none but about 150 bushels
belonging to Mr. Van Vlack, which I bought ; I then appli-
ed to Mr. Trumbull's commissary, and showed him the copy
of the contract made with our State, which he told me he
knew nothing about, but said there were twenty-one sail
of vessels fitted out in different ports for salt, and expected
some of them in every day ; since has heard one of them
was arrived to the southward. The commissary let me
have 100 bushels with 150 I ordered to Fishkill ; I then
set out for Boston and found no salt to be purchased, al-
though there was salt in several stores. Capt. Saers and
his son-in-law Mr. Smith, assisted me all in their power
to purchase salt ; was informed that the State of Boston
had purchased it ; I then set out for Salem and Marble-
head, where I found two cargoes, but would sell none till
they had given the refusal to the State of Boston. Since
my being here, there are two prizes sent in, they were
bound to Newfoundland ; one has about two thousand
bushels, the other has but little ; they were taken by a
privateer belonging to the State of Boston. I intend by
advice of my friends here to apply to the Council as soon
as they meet, as they were chosen yesterday, and are to
meet in a day or two. To-morrow I intend to set out for
Dartmouth and Bedford, where I have heard are two car-
goes arrived, one belonging to Mr. Samuel Broom, to
whom I wrote to let me have the refusal of the salt ; also
Mr. Ten Eyck has given me the promise of about five
hundred busliels, which he has ordered to Boston from
the eastward. 1 have consulted some friends in Boston
and Salem, who advise me to write to the Convention of
the State of New-York, to write a pressing letter to the
Council of Boston to let the State of New-York have salt,
which I do not doubt will have great weight, as I am in-
formed we have some friends in Council. The letter wrote
by our Convention to the selectmen here, has been kept
secret for some time, as some of lliem were for answer-
ing the letter,, but I was informed they did not know how
and were at a stand ; they said it was one of the best wrote
[Vol. II.] 116
letters they ever received, and resolved to lay it before the
new Council. Hope you will write. Have been inform-
ed there is an account come in from England as late as
the 16th of April ; no troops coming over but about two
thousand drafted out of the different regiments ; and that
the ambassador of England had left the State of Holland
and gone home. I do not expect to get from here this
six weeks, and shall do all in my power to purchase salt.
Gent. I remain your humb. servant,
ABM. P. LOTT.
[Letter from General Putnam.]
Head-Quarters, >
Peeks Kill, June 21st, 1777. J
Sir — You cannot be unacquainted that there are in the
neighbourhood of the enemy, a large number of horses,
cattle, sheep, hogs, &;c. The militia of Stamford, and
Horseneck, sensible of the exposed situation of the live
stock within reach of the enemy, drove off from New-
Rochelle and East-Chester upwards of 100 head of cattle
with sheep, &c.
I have written to the Committee, under whose direc-
tion I suppose they will fall, to detain all the creatures
brought off as above, till I should receive the advice of
the Convention of this State respecting them ; for this pur-
pose, and to be instructed what measures will be taken
for the security of the cattle, &c. without our guards, I
have troubled you at present.
There is an order of the Convention that no person in
the military line shall administer the oath of allegiance to
this State except an officer of militia ; these are not always
at hand, and we are frequently put to much difficulty on
this account. I beg to know if this inconvenience could
not be removed by authorizing other persons than those
specified in the former resolve.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obt. humb. servt.
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
To the President of the Convention
of New- York.
[Report of the Committee on Gen. Putnam's Letter.]
Your committee to whom was referred the letter of Gen.
Putnam, of the 21st June, 1777, beg leave to report
the following answer :
Sir — The Council of Safety direct me to return you
their thanks for your attention to the interests of this
State, and are desirous that the horses, cattle, &c. driven
off from Westchester, should be brought to the commis-
sioners now sitting in that county, and appointed to se-
cure the property of such persons as are now with the
enemy, which commissioners are authorized to dispose of
the same by resolutions, a copy of which is enclosed for
your perusal ; it is at the same time submitted to your
Honour, whether by advancing a considerable party of the
troops under your command, into the south-western parts
of tliat county, there would not result a very considerable
advantage in providing a vast quantity of forage which
must otherwise rot on the ground, or fall into possession
of the enemy.
The Council do not conceive there can be any great dis-
advantage in not having an officer of the militia at hand
to administer the oath of allegiance to such persons as
come in upon the act of grace, since it will always be
their business and interest to look out for a proper person
before whom to take the oath. Besides, by virtue of that
act, any ollicer of this State, civil or military may admi-
nister tiic oath, consequeiily a proper person may at any
time be found at Peekskill, where there are the officers
of two regiments of this State. I am directed to suggest
to your Honour on the other hand, the danger which
would arise from forged certificates, if too many persons
are permitted to administer that oath, since in such case it
462
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &cc.
it would be impossible lo delect tliosc forgeries, espe-
cially if llie names of ollicers living in Slates very re-
mote should be put lo llicm.
I have the honour to be 6cc.
Resolved, That the commissioners appointed in the
county of West-Chester for the purpose of
be and they hereby arc empowered and directed to cause all
such horses, cattle, sheep, and swine as may be taken wiliiout
our lines, in places whore they are exposed to the enemy,
to be sold at public vendue in like inaruier vvilh the pro-
perly of those persons who arc with the enemy; and that
they do pay the moneys arising from the sales of such of
them as belong lo the good subjects of liiis Slale to ihe re-
spective proprietors, and reserve the remainder thereof in
their iiands to be disposed of as a future Legislature may
from time lo lime direct.
[Letter from Capt. Rogers, relative to fitting out the Montgomery.]
June 1st, nn.
I liave been desired by Zephaniah Piatt, Esqr. to let the
Convention know what I think of filling out the sloop Mont-
gomery on another cruise. 1 think that she is too small to
cruise, as most of the enemy's ships of value will be of
too much force for her to lake ; and as she is obliged to
carry almost as many officers as a larger sized vessel would,
it makes tlie pay come very iiigh for so small a vessel.
But if the Convention thinks of keeping any armed vessels
for the State, I could not advise them to sell iier, as tiiere
is no belter vessel of her burthen than she is : if the Con-
vention thinks of fitting out any larger vessel, she could
always be commanded by an officer out of the other ves-
sel, and manned ; which would make her expenses come
much lighter lhan they do now. As for my own part, I
would be very willing to serve the State, if they thought
proper lo employ me, if I had a vessel that I could go along-
side of a ship of 16 or 18 guns ; for most of the enemy's
ships will be well armed. If the Convention thinks of get-
ting any larger vessel, I would lake another short cruise
in the sloop ; if not, I should not choose to go any more
in her.
If the sloop is filled out again on a cruise, she wants
the following stores: 11 barrels pork; 10 barrels beef;
3000 wt. bread ; 8 barrels flour ; 2 barrels peas ; 200 wt.
powder ; 200 swivel shot ; some match stuff ; 24 flints for
muskets; 15 flints for pistols ; 30 wt. buckshot.
Provisions remaining on board : 9 barrels beef ; 7 bar-
rels pork ; 4 barrels bread ; 1 barrel flour.
WILLIAM ROGERS.
[Letter from Samuel Loudon, relative to the purchase of types.]
Fishkill, 30th June, 1777.
Dr. Sir — You have enclosed two letters and a newspa-
per ; be pleased to deliver them. I arrived here with my
family last Saturday ; I have ventured to bring them, though
at a time of trouble and uneasiness here, on account of the
reports we have lately received from the northward.
1 find the Convention was generous in giving the types to
Mr. Holt. Mr. Van Wyck, one of the commissioners here
ordered me lo advertise the sale of them, and that I should
let Mr. Holt know it, that he might have an equal chance
wilh|me in the purchase. I wrote to him concerning the sale
of the types, which he received a few days before he left
New-Haven. I wrote to him again when he arrived at
Esopus. 1 was willing to have divided them with Holt,
had 1 bought them, and advised him strongly lo attend the
vendue. I got Mr. Van Wyck to put off the sale till I re-
turned from Connecticut, but meant lo take no advantage
in the purchase, but lo give Mr. Holt the half of the types
had I bought them. Mr. Holt, however, had the address
to get the whole of them, telling the Convention of his
great losses. He has left none that I know of, but Riving-
ton's, which he got at N. Haven and sent lo Danbury. He
had his old office still lying at New- Windsor, which is
much larger than mine, though part of his letter is worn
much. You know my office is very small, and I could not
print any other piece lhan the Conslitution when you was
here, on account of the scarcity of letter. The office you
know I bought of Hodge and Shobur ; it was by far the
smallest in N. York. I would be glad of a hne from you
soon, and at the same time send me a copy of the Con-
vention's resolve concerning my pension.
In haste, dear sir.
Your most hble. servt.
S. LOUDON.
P. S. I meant to purchase the types, and rather than be
disappointed of them lo give as much as any other, as ray
need of them was very great.
John McKesso.v, Esqr.
[Letter from General Schuyler, relative to forwarding the militia.]
Albany, June 30th, 1777.
Sir — I have received further information, that a body of
the enemy are on the march to Tryon county by the way of
Oswego, and have desired General Herkimer lo hold the mi-
litia in readiness to march to liie support of Fori Schuyler.
I am very apprehensive that should a disaster befal the
garrison of Tyconderoga, the enemy might possess them-
selves of Fort George before we can be in force lo make
opposition.
I wish, therefore, most hcarlily for the assistance of the
Council of Safety, in forwarding on the militia. A com-
mittee from that respectable body might afford us very ma-
terial assistance : perhaps it would tend much lo inspirit
the people, if all the State prisoners, except such as are
under sentence of death, were removed from this city.
I enclose you copy of a letter I received last night from
General St. Clair.
I have sent a greater number of sloops down lhan, I be-
lieve, will be necessary to transport what troops will be af-
forded me from Peekskill. Some of the sloops will pro-
bably be near Esopus to-day. If the militia from Ulster
are to come up, six of the sloops may be taken for their
use.
I am, sir, very respectfully,
Your most humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from General Schuyler to General Washington, stating his need
of more troops.]
Albany, June 2Sth, 1777 — eleven o'clock, A. M.
Dear Sir — Your Excellency's favour of the 20th inst.
I had the honour to receive at Saratoga, in the evening of
the 26lh.
I am this moment favoured with a letter of the 25lh inst.
from General St. Clair, copy whereof I herewith transmit.
Should an accident happen to the garrison of Ticonderoga,
and General Burgoyne make a push to gain the south part
of the lake, I know of no obstacle to prevent him : com-
paratively speaking, I have not a man lo oppose him ; the
whole number at the different posts at and on this side of
the lake, including the garrisons of Fort George and Skeens-
borougli, not exceeding seven hundred men, and these I
cannot draw away from their several stations ; in every
one of which they are already much loo weak. It is,
therefore, highly necessary that a strong reinforcement
should without delay be sent me. If the sloops are not
yet sent to bring the troops, your Excellency has ordered
to be kept in readiness at Peekskill, I shall push them off
without delay.
As it is not probable that we shall in time be supplied
with fieldpieces from the eastward, I must entreat that
the reinforcements may bring some up wits them.
I have this moment also received a letter from Mr. Deane,
the Indian interpreter, extracts whereof I enclose you. Aa
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
463
the information tallies exactly with what 1 had before, it
leads me to conclude that an irruption will be made from
the westward.
I shall apply for the aid of the militia of this and the
neighbouring Slates, but I fear it will not be very powerful,
as many must be necessarily left at home.
I have received a letter from the Commissary-General,
which I think neither so temperate or decent as it should
be : I shall take the first leisure hour to transmit you a
copy, with my answer, in which I believe it will be evinc-
ed from authentic returns, that the scarcity of provisions
in this department is, in a great measure, if not altogether,
to be imputed to a want of attention in the persons whose
duty it was to supply this department.
I am, dr. sir, with great regard and esteem
Your Excellency's most obedt. hble. servant.
PH. SCHUYLER.
P. S. I have sent express to Genl. Putnam to hasten on
the troops your Excellency had ordered to be in readiness
for this quarter.
Since writing the above, I have received another letter
from General St. Clair, copy whereof is enclosed. I am
in pain about Fort George, but have no troops to throw in,
and some time will necessarily elapse before the militia
can be got to march.
His Excellency General Washington, &c.
[Letter from General St. Clair to General Schuyler, relative to the
state of affairs at Ticonderoga.]
Ticonderoga, June 2oth, 1777.
Dear General — My scout on which I depended much
for intelligence, is not yet returned, nor, I fear, ever will
now. It consists of three men only, the best of Whit-
comb's people, and picked out by him for that purpose.
The woods are so full of Indians, that it is difficult for
parties to get through. I shall send off Whitcomb him-
self- presently, for intelligence I must have, although I am
very loath to put him upon it, lest he should fall into the
hands of the enemy, who have no small desire to have
him in their power.
I sent Colo. Warner to the Grants yesterday to raise a
body of men to oppose the incursions of the savages, that
are gone by Otter Creek, and have ordered him to attack
and rout them, and join me again as soon as possible. I
am very happy to find that the country have been apprised
of the march of that party, before Warner got to Skenes-
borough, as it may probably prevent their success and may
end in their ruin.
We are going on with the necessary works on the Mount
as fast as possible, and have removed the most valuable of
the stores and provision on the other side. The bridge is
in very little more forwardness, than when you left this
place, to appearance, though they tell me that to-day will
finish getting timber for it. The boom is likewise placed,
but very feebly secured, for want of rope for the cables.
A party of Bradford's arrived yesterday in very good sea-
son, and had a pleasing effect upon our people, who, never
the most lively or gallant, began to shew signs of dejection
already. How they may hold out, God knows, but this
has raised their spirits a little.
1 could wish that the batteaux were all over soon or that
you would not send them : T am extremely apprehensive
that the enemy will possess themselves of the landing ; in
■which case they may fall into their hands. We cannot
venture the teams now without a strong guard, and so
many parties as we are obliged to make wilh the fatigues,
will very soon wear down our men.
We can do nothing but form conjectures about the force
of the enemy, for I cannot find a single person on whom I
•can depend to venture amongst them for intelligence ; but
from their manner of beginning the campaign, I conclude
they are either in full force or very weak, and hope, by let-
ting loose the Indians, to intimidate us. I incline to believe
the last, but have, as yet, no certain rule to go by ; how-
ever, we must know soon, and it is said they have marked
to-morrow to attack. I beg leave to refer you to Colo.
Varick for further particulars, who lakes the charge of this
letter.
I am, &c.
(Copy.) AR. ST. CLAIR.
[Letter from Cornelius Steenrod.]
Gentlemen — I have sent in a petition, and have had
no answer. I should be glad of an answer this morning
in writing, for I must go home, and I must have an answer
if your honours will ; and if I could have a trial at law I
should be sure of my rights ; but to be turned out and not
to have trial, I shall have reason to think that I am not
considered as a friend, while I call myself one. I have
paid money for the farm, and had a mortgage-deed for 389
pounds, with interest. If your Honours think that the
deed I took on the fifth day of January, 1777, will not hold,
what will you do with the money which was paid in Janu-
ary, 1776? Gentlemen, I want only a fair trial; but to
be forced out and not to have a trial will be bad. If there
is no way but driving I am sorry, for I will not be driven
out by force. So, gentlemen, I desire an answer in
writing.
This from your friend to serve,
CORNELIUS STEENROD, Capt.
To the Gentlemen of the Committee.
[Letter from C. Steenrod, covering other papers. J
Westchester County, Cortlandt Manor, June 28th, 1777.
HoNorRABLE SiRs OF CONVENTION — I would beg Icavc
of your judgments and approbations in my interest, and
affairs of my losing my effects and estates of lands and
money, which I have purchased of Stephen Delancey, in
Westchester county, on Corllandl's manor, that is to say,
I have a mortgage deed of him dated the fifth day of Janu-
ary, 1776, for the consideration of the sum of three hun-
dred and eighty-nine pounds ; then further, on the fifth day
of January, 1777, I took a clear deed ; and having settled
the whole with people living in the States, he has not
carried the money away with him, and I have to pay inte-
rest for three hundred pour.ds of said money now in the
country, to friends of the States. The commissioners say
they have no right to try titles to lands, but have a right
to hire out all lands that belong to the tories. I have been
in possession ever since December, 1776, and I do not
call it lory's land, for he sold it fairly before he went away,
about or near two months, and he never was advertised,
and the committee knew that he had sold it a month before
he went away, and they gave him leave to go, and no per-
son was forbid trading with him ; and I hope you, gentle-
men of the Slates, will not use your friends to the Slates
so inhumanly as to dispossess them of their rights and
privileges without paying their money or effects back, or
giving them a fair trial ; and ihe whole matter I hope you
will consider, and if you cainiot give a trial postpone the
affair until I can have a trial.
Gentlemen, you need not think that I have Delancey's
land for a sham, for I have the writings now, and I have
been five years in paying him, and have had a settlement
with him, with his hand to the accounts and the mortgage
of three hundred and eighty-nine pounds, given in January,
1776. The committee have not seen liie writings, neither
will they ; and if your Honours can give me a trial, I will
wail upon you, and if not, I desire you to put no man in
possession, for it is my property, and if I can have a trial
before I am turned out, which as a friend to the States I
should have, I shall retain it ; and I desire you to give me
a writing, so that there shall not be any dispute till I can
have a trial.
Capt. Delivan has discharged his company of rangers
that the committee ordered him to raise, and if you will
I
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS <kc.
464
give me liberty to keep them seven months, as Col. Drake
did, I will raise them and have them ready soon.
This from your obliged friend to serve,
CORS. STEENROD, Capt.
The Honourable Convention at Sopus.
To all 'persons v)}imn this may concern :
Tiiis is to certify that Cornelius Steenrod, captain, vo-
luntarily appeared before me and look the oalh of allegi-
ance, as was prescribed by the Convention of the State of
New-York.
EBENEZER PURDY, Major.
To all persons whom it may concern :
This is to certify that Capt. Cornelius Steenrod has
taken the oath of allegiance to the State of New- York,
ordered by the Convention of said State, in presence of us.
ISAAC NORTON,
JOHN QUICK,
Comtte.
The testimony of the widow Anne Bostwick, now resid-
ing on the manor of Cortlandt, in the county of Westches-
ter, of lawful age, is as follows, viz : That on the fifth
day of January last, she, the deponent, was at the house
of Stephen Delancey, on said manor, and then, on said
day above mentioned, Capt. Cornelius Steenrod took a
deed of the dwelling house and one hundred and eight
acres of land, of the said Delancey, and she, the deponent,
was a witness to said deed, and did read said deed ; and
it did deliver all within doors and without; and she
was a witness to said deed; and that she did not know,
neither mistrust, that the bargain was made to defraud, or
to hinder any person from taking the house and farm, but
she thouglit it was fairly bought for value received. Fur-
ther the deponent saith not.
ANNE BOSTWICK.
Sworn before me, March 29th, 1777.
TiiADEUs Cran.
Joseph Freer, of said manor, on oath saith, that he was
a witness to the above mentioned deed, but he did not read
the deed, but did hear said Delancey deliver to said Steen-
rod said house, and all within doors and without. Further
saith not.
JOSEPH FREER.
Sworn this day, 29th March, 1777, >
before me. >
Thadeus Cran.
A true copy drawn by me.
SAMUEL DELIVAN.
[Letter from the Chairman of Westchester County Committee.]
I, Thomas Thomas, chairman of the committee of
Westchester county, do most humbly certify, that in pur-
suance of the resolves of your Honourable House, dated
31st May last, the electors of the said county this day met
at the White Plains for the purpose in the said resolutions
mentioned ; that at least six of the said committee, myself
and the clerk, superintended the election of Deputies ;
that Brigadier-General Morris, Coll. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
Coll. Lewis Graham, Coll. Gilbert Drake, Major Ebenezer
Lockwood, Governeur Morris, Samuel Haviland, Jonathan
G. Tompkins, William Paulding, Benjamin Smith, Zebe-
diah Mills, and Jonathan Plait, Esqrs. were duly chosen
to represent this coitnty in Provincial Congress until the
second Tuesday in May next, with such powers and au-
thorities as were recommended to be given them in and
by the resolutions of the last Provincial Congress, dated
March 12lh, 1776, and of your Honourable House, dated
31 St May last.
Given under my hand at White Plains, 27lh June, 1776.
THOMAS THOMAS, Chairman.
Attest. Micah Townsend, Clerk.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of the Colony of New- York.
[Letter from Ar. St. Clair.]
Ticonderoga, June 26th, 1777.
Sir — This moment I have received information from
Hoite, of Otter creek, that a large party of Indians and
tories are gone up that creek, supposed to be five hundred,
and are designed to cut off the communication by Skeens-
borough. They took a pair of oxen from one of the in-
habitants and drove them to about two miles above Mid-
dlebury Falls, where they halted the day before yesterday
and killed and dressed the cattle ; and it is supposed that
to-night they will be at the new road near Casileton, which
is twenty-eight miles from hence, and twelve or fourteen
from Skeensborough. They reported that a very large
party were gone on the west side of the lake to fall upon
Fort George. They are said to consist of a thousand
Indians and Canadians.
We have also had just now another attack at the mills.
We have two men killed, two taken and two wounded, one
mortally. The scene thickens fast, and Sunday next, it
seems, is fixed for the attack on this place. We must
make the best of it we can, and I hope at least to cripple
them so as they may not be able to pursue their fortune,
should it declare in their favour.
I sent a party down last night to reconnoitre them, who
are not yet returned, which gives me some uneasiness. I
hope, however, they are safe, and will bring me some intel-
ligence of consequence. I have some thoughts, if they
are not numerous, of attacking them. If they get the
worst, it will oblige them to recall their parties ; if not,
there will be too many left to become prisoners.
I have sent to the Grants to inform them of the Otter
creek party, and to desire that all they can possibly spate
of the militia may be ready to march at a minute's warn-
ing.
I am, &c.
AR. ST. CLAIR.
Gen. ScHUTLEB.
[Letter from Genl. Putnam.]
Head-Quarters, Peekskill, June 20th, 1777.
Sir — There have been a very long time in the Provost
guard, John Likely, and others, under sentence of death,
whose crimes have been transmitted to the Convention. I
beg to be directed as soon as possible what steps are to be
taken with them, as it is exceedingly disagreeable to me
to have prisoners of any denomination in confinement
longer than is positively necessary. I shall wait your fur-
ther instructions.
I am, sir, with esteem.
Your mo. obt. servt.
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
To the Honble. President of the Convention.
[Letter from Lynde Lord, accompanying Gilbert Forbs, a prisoner.]
Litchfield, 23d June, 1777.
Gentlemen — In compliance with your order, I send
you from our jail, Gilbert Forbs, by Mr. David Buell, and
likewise the money left in my hands by Israel and Isaac
Youngs, when they went away, amounting to sixty-eight
pounds ten shillings, New-York currency, which is about
£15 short of what I expected there was by the account
I received from them when they put it into my hands ; but
as the money has laid ever since locked up in ray desk and
never been counted till I come to put it up, I presume there
is all they left in my hands. I likewise send my accounts
for sundry expenditures on account of Nathan Guyer's sick-
ness ; perhaps it may appear a large expense, but by the
accounts of the several persons, (which I have before me)
I must judge they are reasonable, considering the length
of time he was sick, and considering how exceedingly bad
he was ; however, I must refer you to the bearer, Mr.
Buell, for any further information you may want about the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
465
matter, who was perfectly acquainted with his sickness in
all its different stages. You will see I have charged twenty
dollars in the account for my trouble with all your prison-
ers that have been sent to our jail from your Convention,
which is but about 6s. per day for the time I have actually
spent.
I am, gentlemen, with due esteem,
Your most obedient humble servt.
LYNDE LORD.
To the Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Elias Boudinot, at Mill Brook.]
Camp at Middle Brook, June 19, 1777.
Sir — By order of His Excellency the Commander-in-
Chief, I lately made application to the commissary of pri-
soners in the British army, for an exchange of the Honble.
John Fell, one of the councillors of this State, for Messrs.
Wallace, Philips or Jauncey, sent in to the enemy on their
parols by Governor Trumbull. I received for answer,
" that General Howe did not admit of the exchange."
In consequence of this answer, by advice of the Board
of War and the order of General Washington, I have wrote
this day to Governor Trumbull to order a return of all those
persons belonging to your State, who were sent in on tlieir
parols by His Honour, and that your State would be ready
to receive, secure and provide for them in a proper manner.
You will therefore be pleased to take proper measures
for this purpose, on their arrival in Connecticut, lest they
may consider themselves as discharged from their parols
and effect an escape. This application is in consequence
of copies of letters transmitted me by the Board of War,
which have passed between your Convention and Governor
Trumbull, on the subject of these prisoners, whereby it
appears that they are prisoners of your Slate.
I am, with due respect, sir.
Your very hble. servt.
ELIAS BOUDINOT,
Com. Genl. of Prisoners.
The Honble. the President
of the Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Jona. Tompkins, at Bedford. 1
Bedford, June 10, 1777.
Gentlemen — I beg leave to inform you that slock are
driven off not only by night thieves, but also by persons
who have taken the oath of allegiance to this State, and still
convey slock down near our line, from whence persons from
below steal them off, as it is pretended, when in reality it
is by their consent ; and the inhabitants in the lower parts
of the counly of Westchester are full of slock, excepting
the well affected, who are stripped of all their slock of all
kinds ; and much of their household furniture is taken off
or broke to pieces in their houses, widows not excepted.
I therefore desire, as I am fully persuaded from the know-
ledge I have of mailers in this county that it will be of pub-
lic utility, to immediately invest the commissioners with
such powers as will enable them to act as they shall lliink
best, and to get off all the stock south of the place where
the court house stood, in the White Plains, and south of
the road leading from said plains to Rye town and south of
Tarry town. 1 also submit to your consideration whether
it would not be necessary to empower the committee of the
counly of Westchester to erect a place of confinement in
said county, to secure all disaffected persons, as there are
many, now living below our lines, making money fast, and
are notoriously disaffected to the State, and still remain at
liberty ; when, at the same time, our friends, in different
parts of this Slate, are kidnapped by the enemy and carried
off and now are confined in jail or under guard in New-
York ; and we are now likely to be able to secure the disaf-
fected below our lines, which I think we ought to do, to
enable us to make an exchange for those unhappy prisoners
of ours. The leading gentlemen in this county have warm-
ly requested me to lay this matter before your Honourable
[Vol. II.] 117
Board. I am now despatching the business assigned me
in this county, and shall be with you as soon as possible.
I am, gentn.
Your obedt. hble. servt.
JONATHAN G. TOMPKINS.
To the Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
President of the Council of Safety, for the
State of New- York.
[Letter from John Barclay, Harmanus Wendell and Abraham Cuyler,
Esquires.]
Albany, June 13, 1777.
Sir — By virtue of the power vested in us by the Coun-
cil of Safety, we have, on the 29th of May last, adminis-
tered to Henry Wendell, Esqr. and on the 9th instant unto
Volckert P. Douw, Abraham Ten Broeck, Henry Bleecker
and Leonard Gansevoort, Esqrs. the oaths in the ordinance
for establishing the constitution of this Stale, prescribed to
be by them laken and subscribed respectively.
Jacob C. Ten Eyck and John H. Ten Eyck, Esqrs. who
were appointed two of the judges of this county, have de-
clined to accept of their appointment; and Waller Living-
ston, Esq. the other judge named, we have not had an op-
portunity of offering the oaths, and cannot therefore inform
you whether he accepts thereof.
We are, with the greatest respect,
Your very hum. servants,
JOHN BARCLAY,
HARS. WENDELL,
ABRAHAM CUYLER.
The Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
President, &c.
[Letter from Alexander Webster, with the oaths of office and allegi-
ance taken by the judge, sheriff, and clerk of Charlotte county.]
New-Perth, June 2\st, 1777.
Sir — In obedience to your order, enclosed you have the
affidavits of the judge, sheriff, and clerk. As Mr. Marsh
lives in that part of this counly that is opposed to the juris-
diction of this State, there is no probability of his accept-
ing at present, as I understand their spirits are big with the
hopes of being a separate State. The fomenterof this false
hope is unknown to me. When the sheriff went to set up
the advertisements for holding the election, they told him
he might put them up, but they as fast would pull them
down ; this discouraged the well affected of the counly ;
because, say they, we are by no means able to support our
members allowed to us for Representatives in the Legisla-
ture, as the whole will be chosen by pretty near one-third
of ihe county, and they will not pay their proportion of the
expense. Enclosed you have an account of fears that ap-
pear so big to the people, that unless some decisive answer
comes from the Honourable Council of Safety, I am afraid
ihe people cannot be prevailed upon to send any of the
members chosen.
An answer by the bearer will greatly oblige,
Dear sir,
Yours, and the Honourable Council of Safety's
Very obt. humble servt.
ALEXR. WEBSTER.
To the Honourable President and Mem-
bers of the Council of Safety for the
Stale of New- York.
[Oaths of Ebenezer Clark.]
I, Ebenezer Clark, do solemnly swear and declare in the
presence of Almighty God, that I will bear true faith and
allegiance to the JSlate of New- York, as a good subject of
the said State, and will do my duty as such a subject ought
^° EBENEZER CLARK.
Sworn before me, at New- )
Perth, June 21st, 1777. S
Alexr. Webster.
466
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
I, Ebenezer Clark, clerk of the county of Charlotte, do
solemnly swear and declare, in the presence of Almighty
God, tliat I will justly and honestly keep the records and
papers by virtue of my said office of clerk committed unto
me, and in all other things to the best of my knowledge
and understanding, faithfully perform the duty of my said
office of clerk without favour or partiality.
EBENEZER CLARK.
Sworn before me at New- )
Perth, June 21st, 1777. >
Alexr. Webster.
[Oaths of John Williams.]
I, John Williams, do solemnly swear and declare in the
presence of Almighty God, that I will bear true faith and
allegiance to the State of New- York, as a good subject of
the said Slate, and will do my duty as such a subject ought
°' JOHN WILLIAMS.
Sworn before me at New- }
Perth, June 21st, 1777. S
Alexr. Webster.
I, John Williams, do solemnly swear and declare in the
presence of Almighty God, that I will to the best of my
knowledge and abilities, execute the office of judge within
the State of New-York, accordmg to the laws and Consti-
tution of the said State, in defence of the freedom and in-
dependence thereof, and for the maintenance of liberty and
the distribution of justice among the subjects of the said
State, without fear, favour, partiality, affection, or hope of
reward. JOHN WILLIAMS.
Sworn before me at New- )
Perth, June 21st, 1777. S
Alexr. Webster.
[Oaths of Edward Savage.]
I, Edward Savage, do solemnly swear and declare in the
presence of Almighty God, that I will bear true faith and
allegiance to the State of New-York, as a good subject of
the said Stale, and will do ray duty as such a subject ought
to do.
EDWARD SAVAGE.
Sworn before me at New- )
Perth, June, 1777. $
Alexr. Webster.
I, Edward Savage, sheriff of the county of Charlotte,
do solemnly swear and declare in the presence of Almighty
God, that I will in all things to the best of my knowledge
and ability, do my duty as sheriff of the said county, ac-
cording to the laws and Constitution of this State of New-
York, for the furtherance of justice, and in support of the
rights and liberties of the said State and of the subjects
thereof.
EDWARD SAVAGE.
Sworn before me at New- )
Perth, June, 1777. S
Alexr. Webster.
[Letter from Robt. Graham to Genl. Putnam, relative to exporting
flour to the Eastern States.]
Salem, June 19th, 1777.
Worthy General — After apologizing for taking the
liberty of troubling your Honour with private affairs, beg
leave to inform you that the inhabitants round about the
place of my abode being entirely destitute of West India
produce, and having a great plenty of grain, have interced-
ed with me to beg the favour of your Honour, if it be not
disagreeable to your inclination, to assist with a letter re-
commendatory to the Committee of Convention sitting at
Kingston, for their permission to send to the eastward five
hundred barrels of flour, for the purpose of exchanging the
same for the necessary articles of rum, sugar, molasses,
salt, &c. and to bring them into the State of New-York,
for the purpose of supplying the inhabitants with the above
said much wanted articles. Your Honour's kind compli-
ance will be gratefully acknowledged by
Your Honour's most obedient humble servant,
ROBT. GRAHAM.
The Hon. Major-Genl. Putnam, at Peekskill.
[Letter from Gen. Putnam, recommending to the Council of Safety to
grant permission to Mr. Robert Graham, to export flour to the East-
ern Slates.]
Head-Quarters, >
Peekskill, June 20, 1777. $
Gentlemen — The enclosed was this day delivered me
by Mr. Graham. I am much pleased with the proposal,
and beg leave to second it, as what may be eminently ser-
viceable ; the Eastern States are distressed for flour, and
have abundance of sugar and molasses, and some rum ;
I think there can be no scarcity of flour or grain in this State.
If no other objections are conceived than what appear to me
at present, many respectable friends may be obliged by
the indulgence.
1 have the honour to be, gentlemen.
With the greatest respect.
Your most obt. hum. servt.
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
The Honble. Convention of New- York.
[Letter from Anthony Van Veghten.]
Caughnauaga, June 24, 1777.
Sir — I herewith enclose you the poll list for Governor
and Lieutenant-(>overnor, held in the Mohawk District,
and county of Tryon ; which you will please transmit
with the other papers of the like kind, to the place appoint-
ed for said purpose ; which will greatly oblige
Your friend and humble servt.
ANTHONY VAN VEGHTEN, Sheriff.
Leonard Ganskvoort, Esqr.
[Letter from Moses Hetfield.]
New Lots, Long Island, June 24, 1777.
May it please your Honours —
Not having received any supplies since my capture by
the British troops on Morriscena, the 23d of September
last, has reduced me to the most necessitous and deplora-
ble circumstances, being destitute of clothes and money.
The State of Connecticut has sent supplies to the officers
who are prisoners, that belong to that State. Being sensi-
ble that your Honours' feelings of humanity will induce
you equally to assist the unfortunate subjects of the State
of New-York ; as we have received no supplies, induces
me to represent my situation to your Honours, in hopes
you will send some supplies to enable me in some degree,
to support the character and appearance of an officer. 1
assure your Honours, I shall ever retain the most grateful
sense of the favours your Honours may please to confer on
Your Honours, most obedient.
Most devoted humbl. servt.
MOSES HETFIELD.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Francis Lewis.]
Baltimore, June 23, 1777.
Dear Sir — I have been favoured with your letter of the
1st inst. and am happy to learn that you have received
your trunk in good order.
Our British tyrants, after they had plundered me of all
my effects to a considerable value, at length condescended
to give Mrs. Lewis her liberty ; she is now here with my
son, his wife anil child.
Being reduced to a private station, I shall, for the pre-
sent, make this my place of residence, but am perplexed
in the extreme how to procure my family a subsistence ;
such is the exorbitant prices of all necessaries, from the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
467
rapid depreciation of our Continental currency, that I can
assure you sir, while I had the honour of representing our
State in Congress, the pittance allowed for that service,
did not altogether defray my expenses.
Seven British ships of war are now in this bay, be-
sides tenders ; they have blocked up the Virginia frigate,
Capt. Nicholson, in York river, where we apprehend she
will be taken. The navigation of this and the Delaware
bay is entirely stopped, so that the inhabitants are greatly
distressed for salt ; five pounds per bushel, is here de-
manded for that article.
In a paragraph of your letter, "you wish to say some-
thing to me on other subjects, but as you expected ine soon
at Kingston, should defer particulars till we met." If they
are matters of consequence, I could wish they were com-
municated by letter ; for in my present circumstances, I
can ill support the expense of a journey to Kingston, un-
less the public service makes it absolutely necessary.
I shall be at all times ready to render the State or your-
self any services in the power of.
Dear sir.
Your obedt. humbl. servt.
FRA. LEWIS.
The Honble. John Jay.
[Letter from Queens County Committee.]
In Committee, June 22, 1776,
Sir — We hereby acquaint you that on the 19lh instant,
our militia were called together, when the company pro-
ceeded to a choice of their officers which were wanting,
when they did unanimously choose Mr. John Robert, their
first lieutenant, and Mr. Oliver Thorne second lieutenant,
in the room of Mr. Jeffery Hicks who has entered into the
Provincial service, and Mr. Isaac Hicks their ensign, under
the inspection of John Eagles and Thomas Rodman, two
of the members of this committee. And we request that
their' commissions may be sent to them as soon as it may
be convenient.
By order of the committee.
I am, sir, your most humble servant,
JOHN TALMAN, Chairman.
To Nathaniel Woodhull, President
in Provincial Congress.
[Letter from W. Rogers.]
Fire Island, June 21, 1776.
Gentlemen — I expect you have heard of the two prizes
brought in here, and may think strange that we were
not in the way ; we seem to be damned unlucky, for that
day we were heaving down, the vessels came from the
eastward close along shore, they only had to go about two
miles over the bar and bring them both in ; fortune favour-
ed them in every respect, for they went out with the wind
to the northward, and as soon as they got on board the ship,
the wind came round to the seaward so that they come right
on before the wind, for there w.is not a man on board that
could put the ship on stays. That it is damned hard to
think that we have cruised so long and got nothing, to see
a thing that has not been a league from the land, but been
a thumming along shore, go out and bring in two prizes
before our eyes, and could not have any hand in it. On
the 14th instant at dayligiit we saw a sail in tiie offing, we
gave her chase, at 8 came so nigh that we discovered her
to be a ship of war ; we wore then about 6 or 7 leagues
from the land, witii the wind olf shore. When we saw
what she was, we hauled our wind and stood from her,
she then gave chase ; at meridian we got into this inlet,
when we crossed the bar, the ship was in about a mile of
us; we saved ourselves and tliat was all. On the 17lh I
received the things that you sent by Lieut. Thew ; on the
18th, hauled into the creek ; 10th, hove down, which was
the day the prizes were brought in. We have now got all
on board, and out of the creek ; have a little wood and
water to get, which I shall do as soon as possible. On the
19lh at night, we had six men deserted from Fire island ;
our own boat was secured so that I was under no appre-
hension of their getting off the island ; but there was a
party of soldiers on the other end of the island with a whale
boat ; they went there and took the boat from along side the
tent, and went off with her; their names are, Thomas But-
ler, Richard Gildersleve, Ebenezer Conkling, Solomon
Kitcham, Jonathan Armstrong and Elisha Reeves. Butler
is a short mulatto looking fellow, married to one Michael
Shruns' or Thrums' daughter, at ihe sign of the Black Horse
in Bowre Lain. Conkling, Kitcham and Gildersleeve, all
belong to Huntington, and have gone home I hear. Reeves
and Armstrong belong to Southold. Butler, I expect, may
be found in New-York ; and if the Congress or Committee
of Safety writes to the committees of Huntington and South-
old, they may all be taken ; for if they are permitted to
desert, and taken no notice of, we shall not be able to keep
a man ; for every affront they will go off. If they have any
thing to complain of about their treatment, I am ready to
ansvv'er for it.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obt. humbl. servt.
W. ROGERS.
To Mr. Van Zandt and Captn. Eandell.
[Letter from Messrs. Benson, Smith and Cantine, Commissioners of
Conspiracies, informing the Council of Safety that a number of Qua-
kers have lately been to Long island without permission, &c.]
Poughkeepsie, June 18th, 1777.
Sir — A number of the people called Quakers, have lately
been to Long island without permission, to attend their an-
nual meeting at Flushing ; as soon as we received informa-
tion of it, we issued the necessary orders to have them ap-
prehended, and we have now several detained as prisoners
at this place ; they aver that they attended the meeting
solely for religious purposes, and that they have not in the
least intermeddled in political matters ; we are not pos-
sessed of anv evidence either that they have or have not.
As there are upwards of twenty in this predicament, we
conceive it a matter of too much importance to determine
it until we had previously communicated the stale of it to
the Council of Safety, for their advice and directions ; you
will please therefore to lay the same before the Council,
and we shall be happy in their speedy instructions.
We remain, respectfully.
Your very hble. servants,
EGBT. BENSON,
MELANCTON SMITH,
PETER CANTINE, Junr.
Commissioners.
To the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from the Hon. John Hancock.]
Philadelphia, June 18th, 1776.
Gentlemen — As it is impossible fully to ascertain the
strength of our enemies, or the force destined for the attack
of New-York, it is incumbent on us to be prepared to de-
fend ourselves against any number of troops that may be
ordered against that place. This, it is apparent, can never
be effectually done, but by adopting the enclosed resolve,
wherein it is recommended by Congress to your Colony
to empower the General at New-York to call such p;iri of
the mililia to his assistance as may be necessary to repel
our enemies.
The great advantages the American cause will receive
from the civil power thus lending its aid to the military,
and acting in conjunction with it, are too manifest to be
mentioned. The whole strength of a colony may by this
means be drawn to a point, the instant the situation of affairs
shall render it necessary.
468
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
The Colony of Massachiiselts Bay, wliile the British
troops lay in Boston, passed a resolve at the request of
Congress, similar to that which they now recommend to
you. The Colony of New-York will, I am persuaded, imi-
tate their example on the present occasion, and convince
her sister Colonies that in virtue and love of her country,
she is determined to be exceeded by none.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedt. and very hble. ser.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
To the Hon. Convention of New- York.
[Letter from the Committee of Sequestration in Westchester county,
relative to properly supposed to have been laiien by the enemy.]
Bedford, June lllh, 1777.
Gentlemen— The commissioners of sequestration for the
county of Westchester, beg leave to mention that being m-
formed that some wine was stored in Connecticut which was
the property of the widow Van Home of the city of New-
York, and that she had removed from Connecticut, where
she lately lived about five or six months in different towns,
to the city of New-York, they went to Norwalk, where
the wine was stored, to inventory and sell the same for the
use of this State; that the selectmen of Norwalk acquainted
us that they conceived the property wliich Mrs. Van Home
had left in that State, to be a forfeiture to Connecticut, be-
cause she went immediately from that Slate to the enemy.
The selectmen did not pretend to have any authority to
dispose of the wines, but agreed lo represent the matter
to their Assembly, on our promising to do the same to the
Council of Safely of this Slate.
We would also beg leave to mention to the Honourable
the Council of Safety that we have information of very
considerable sums of money lodged in Connecticut, and
due on bonds, &c. belonging to persons who have joined
the enemy from this State.
We are, gentlemen, with due respect,
Your obedt. hble. servts.
SAML. DRAKE,
ISRAEL HONEYWELL, Jr.
JAMES HUNT.
To the Hon. Council of Safety of New- York.
[Letter from Henry Schenk, requesting directions respecting twelve
tierces of salt received by him,]
Fishkill, June 12lh, 1777.
Sir — I have received from Abm. P. Lott, Esqr. twelve
tierces of salt, said to contain 7i bushels each, purchased,
as J am informed, by order of Convention for the use of
this State. I shall be glad to have directions from the Hon.
Council of Safety respecting it.
I am, sir, vour most obedt. and humb. servt.
HENRY SCHENK.
To the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Cadwallader Golden, on board the Fleet Prison, relative
to provisions ]
On board the Fleet Prison, JunelAth, 1777.
HoND. Sir — At the request of several of the prisoners,
I am to inform you that there has been no provisions serv-
ed out to any of them on board the several vessels since
last Sunday, and that if it were not that some of us get
supplied from our friends on shore, those who have not that
opportunity must starve. I have had some salt provision
sent me from home, but bread I depend upon getting here,
and though we have applied four days successively for it,
can not get any, and have not now a mouthful. If we
could have had a man to attend us as I desired, who we
mitjlit have sent out to provide for us, or if one of the pri-
soners might be allowed to go on shore for this end, (for
•whom a number of us would be bound for his good beha-
viour,) this inconvenience might be removed as to this ship's
crew. This matter you will please to lay before the Coun-
cil, and oblige.
Your most humble servt.
CADWALLADER COLDEN.
Pierre Van Corti.andt, Esqr .
President of the Convention.
[Letter from Melancton Smith, and Peter Cantine, Junr.]
Pou^hkeepsie, June llth, 1777,
Sir — Your letter enclosing a resolution of the Council
of Safety, of the 6ili instant, respecting Messrs. Crannel,
Snedeker and Beardsley, did not come to hand until this
day : In obedience thereto, we beg leave to inform the
Council that Messrs. Snedeker and Beardsley have re-
turned home. The former has not been with the enemy,
but with his friends at 'I'appan, where he was apprehended
by order of Genl. Clinton and sent to Pcekskill, from
whence he was sent by Genl. McDougall to us, and has
taken the oath of allegiance to the State. Mr. Beardsley
confesses he has been to New-York and Long island ; he
refuses to take the oath, and we had determined to send
him with his family to New- York, provided the command-
ing officer at Peekskill would have permitted. For that
purpose we wrote lo Genl. McDougall on the subject,
whose answer we this day received and enclose you a copy
thereof. We have ordered him, in consideration of his
being indisposed, to be confined, for the present, to his
house.
Mr. Crannel is nol returned, as we can learn, The
commissioners of sequestration sold such of his personal
estate as they could find last week.
We remain, with respect,
Your very humb. servts.
MELAiNCTON SMITH,
PETER CANTINE, Jur.
Commissioners.
Robert Benson, Esq.
[Letter from Thos. Tredwell.]
Salem, June 17th, 1777,
Dr. Sir — I have been so very uneasy for a fortnight past,
that I have not been able to attend the Council of Safely,
I have tried industriously to get a hand, but have not as
yet been able lo procure one upon any terms. I mostly
lost my spring crops by my late attendance on Convention,
and if I should leave my business now without any one to
take care of it, I must lose my hay and all my winter
crops, and my family must become a public charge. I
came here yesterday with an expectation of getting a hand
and proceeding immediately to Kingston, but am disap-
pointed. I shall try elsewhere, and if I can procure one,
shall attend you, but as that event is uncertain and indeed
unlikely, I vvish that some other gentleman might be ap-
pointed in my stead lo assist Mr. Topper in revising the
proceedings of Convention, or that he would proceed to do
that business himself. I am contented lo sacrifice my in-
terest in the present cause, but I cannot think of seeing
my wife and my little ones suffer for want of bread. I hope
that my apology may be thought sufficient. I direct to you,
for I know not who is President of the Council. Many
prizes have been lately taken to the eastward ; among
which is one transport, with about 80 Hessians on board.
I hear the two armies are moving towards the Delaware,
which makes me more easy about staying at home.
I am, sir, your very humble servt.
THOMAS TREDWELL.
To John McKesson, Esqr. at Kingston.
[Letter from John Henry, at FishkilL]
Fishkill, 15th June, 1777.
Dr. Sir — I took the liberty to write vou some few days
ago, at which time informed you that I received a letter
from Mr. Hoskins, advising me that the goods purchased
for this State he had forwarded some time ago to Sharon ;
a day or two after saw Mr. Canfield, who told me lhat he
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 469
would send them either to Rhinebeck or Poughkeepsie,
and advise you accordingly ; which, if he has done, you
will please to let me know, and where the goods are, so as
they may be forwarded to this place without delay ; we
are in absolute want of them. I would humbly beg atten-
tion be paid to this request. I also have made application
for more money ; have had no reply thereto, which is in-
deed very disagreeable. I would be glad to have an answer
immediately, as I expect to have this week, agreeably to
contract, a quantity of goods at present greatly wanted for
the army.
Mr. William Hoskins' letter of the 12th inst. is now be-
fore me, an abstract of which is the following : " This prin-
cipally is to request you will recommend to Mr. Harper
the discharge of the amount of invoice clothing purchased
for the State of New-York. That gentleman has been
very pressing for his money, being now a considerable time
in advance."
I further have desired him to purchase for the use of the
State, a quantity of tow cloth, which I have engaged to pay
him for immediately on delivery. As that article is much
wanted, flatter myself it will meet with your approbation.
I am, sir, your most obt. hbl. servt.
JOHN HENRY.
The Honble. President of the
Council of Safety, at Eangston.
[Letter from Jonathan Owen, and others.]
Gentlemen — We desire to know what reason you have
to use the prisoners in the \ipper apartment of the city
hall in the manner you do, especially those the most inca-
pable of helping themselves ; is there nothing that will sa-
tiate your vengance? is not a long imprisonment (for suppos-
ed crimes) in a close gaol under a more that savage keeper,
deprived of the common necessaries of life, sufficient, with-
out being dragged into a ciminal room, calculated for those
guilty of the worst of crimes, a barbarity unknown to any
but savages? We therefore request that those taken from
hence may be returned, or we are determined to suffer
with them. We are, gent, yours, &c.
JONATHAN OWEN,
WILLIAM LEWIS,
W. PEMBERTON,
HUGH ANDERSON.
To the Committee of Albany.
[Letter from Alexr. Robertson.]
Mbany Gaol, June Wth, Yin.
Gentlemen — When you assumed legislative and judi-
cial powers I did not imagine that you would have constitut-
ed so insignificant a caitiff as Stephen Bell, to be the minis-
ter of your vengeance, or that you would invest him with
sufficient authority to wound or maim any person suspected
of offences previous to their trial and conviction. But mur-
der, rapine, fraud and injury are now become so common
that wc cease wondering at them.
Perhaps you will consider it expedient that I should cur-
tail my exordium, and inform you of my motives for giv-
ing you this trouble ; I shall be very brief. This morning
when Bell came to shut us up in our rooms, he laid hold
of an earthen jug belonging to me ; Patrick Kelly, a young
man lately in my employ, told him that it was my pro-
perly, and took it in his hand to convince said Bell by some
marks that were upon it ; but that precious hero being then
backed by a gang of armed Continental soldiers, tore it
out of his hand with such rage and precipitation that he
shockingly lacerated his palm, and almost cut off his
thumb ; the effusion of blood was copious and alarm-
ing, but although the poor fellow earnestly requested
that Bell should send for a surgeon to slop the blood and
dress his wound, the inhuman savage barbarously locked
him up for the space of four hours in a close room, desti-
tute of every simple that could have been beneficial to him,
[VoL II.] 118
and then with the assistance of an armed banditti, con-
veyed him to the criminal's room. All the pretence that
said Bell can have for a proceeding so arbitrary and un-
just, is an unguarded expression that fell from Kelly
in his grief and anguish, vizt. " that for the injury Bell had
done him he would some day break his head." I am a
sufferer by this affair, yet it is only a regard to justice that
induces me to apply in this manner, for I am by no means
in a humour at present to supplicate favours.
I am, gentlemen, your hble. servt.
ALEXR. ROBERTSON.
To the Committe of Albany.
[Letter from John Barclay, Esqr. Chairman of the committee at
Albany.]
Mbany Committee Chamber, 13th June, 1777.
Sir — From the apprehensions of a gaol distemper our
prisons being crowded, we are under the necessity of send-
ing to the fleet prison, the persons whose names and
crimes are enclosed ; we would request that they may not
be liberated until they make an adequate saiisfaction for
the offences they have committed. From a letter from Ro-
bertson which we enclose you, together with another from
Pemberton and others, you will be informed Avitli the treat-
ment we leceive from some of those people. Mr. Yates
and Mr. Cuyler can more particularly give Pemberton's
character. Robertson being a lame man, it was thought
not advisable to send him ; we are informed that a great
part of the movable effects belonging to persons gone to
ihe enemy in this county are concealed and removed ; we
could wish the Council would appoint commissioners, as
the State has suffered much for the want of having that of-
fice filled. Agreeable to Mr. Cuyler's request we send
you the names of ten persons who we wish might be ap-
pointed commissioners.
We have taken the liberty for political reasons to detain
Capt. Benson till this time, and he now guards the sloop
which carries down the prisoners.
We are, sir, your humble servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the President of the
Council of Safety, Kingston.
[Letter from Ph. Schuyler at Saratoga.]
Saratoga, June 14th, 1777.
Sir — Such a variety of affairs engross my every mo-
ment, that I cannot do myself the honour to enter into a
detail of affairs in this department, but wishing you should
be fully informed, I take the liberty to enclose you my
letter to Congress, which, afrer perusal, you will please
to forward by express to His Excellency General Wa-
shington, unsealed, as it is to be left open for his inspec-
tion, and only sealing that to the General.
You will be pleased to pack up the papers in the order
in which you find them. It will not be proper to take notice
in public, that I had left the despatches open for your view,
lest I should be charged with a want of delicacy to Con-
gress.
Colonel Van Schaick's feelings are much wounded. I
cannot say too much of the propriety of that officer's con-
duct, and it would give me great pleasure if the Honour-
able Council of Salely could see cause to back my appli-
cation to Congress in his favour.
Be assured, sir, that I shall leave nothing unatlempted
that may have a tendency to secure this Slate and promote
the general weal. It is a comfortable reflection that not a
doubt arises in my mind, but that I shall have the benefit
of the advice and assistance of the Honourable Council
at which you preside.
I am, sir, with unfeigned esteem,
Your most obedient hmnblc servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honble. Pixrbe Van Corti.andt.
470
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, ice.
[Letter from T. Van Wyck of Dutchess county.]
Dutchess Cuunty, June lAth, 1777.
Sir — This board are very desirous of liaving the final
dcterminalion of the Council, respecting the properly Mr.
Thomas Fisher left behind him. A resolve of tiie late Con-
vention permitting him to take with him only his houseliold
necessaries, and subsequent letters from a member of that
body, intimating that the whole of his property was left to
be disposed of at his discretion.
We are, sir, yr. very hiiml. servants,
HENRY LIVINGSTON, Junr.
THEODS. VAN WYCK.
P. S. Should be glad of an answer by Judge Ward.
To the President of the Honourable
the Council of Safety for the State
of N. York.
I. Letter from three of the members of the court-martial at Rensse-
laerwick.]
Rensselaerwick, 14th June, 1777.
Gentlemen — We, three of the members of the now
present court-martial, who were present and members of
the committee of the district of Rensselaerwick, at the
time John Clint of said district, was brought before them,
do now (as we cannot reveal ourselves to any one) in be-
half of said committee, as was at that time unanimously
agreed on, recommend the above named John Clint to your
Honourable Board for mercy and pardon ; for that he wil-
lingly, on our promise of intercession, did freely divulge
and uncover every thing within the sphere of his knowledge,
which will partly appear from the minutes of his trial,
many things of which would ollierwise in all probability
have remained undiscovered, at least for some time lon-
ger. Add thereto the visible appearance of a sincere
repentance, and promise of future belter conduct through
every stage of life ; and out of compassion, and in charily
to his wife and five small children, who otherwise must
become a burden to the community, or suffer every incon-
venience that their distressed and truly deplorable condition
must reduce them to.
We are, with all due respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient humbe. servts.
STEPHEN T. SCHUYLER,
PHILIP P. SCHUYLER,
FLORES BANCKER.
To the Honourable the Council of Safety
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Genl. McDougall.]
Peeks Kill, lAth June, 1777.
Gentlemen — Your favour of the 9th instant, was
handed to me, on the subject of Revd. Mr. Beardsley and
others, which I communicated to General Putnam. He
thinks he cannot, in justice to the country, suffer notorious
enemies to the country to go in to the enemy, nor suffer
them to go at large, while our friends are stolen from their
dwellings and carried to New-York, and there confined as
common thieves. He is therefore determined to imprison
every man within his reach who refuses to take the oath,
to give them the same usage the enemy give to our friends,
and to inform the commanding officer at New-York of il.
You may remember the enemy stole Judge Tl)omas and a
Mr. Miller, chairman of the committee at the Plains. The
latter is a man of great merit, now confined ; the former
was returned to the provost guard, after he was inoculated.
The Revd. Mr. Hart, of Huntington, is now confined in
jail at Jamaica, although I am persuaded he has not so open-
ly avowed his attachment to America as Mr. Beardsley has
to the tyrant. Genl. Putnam is determined, whenever the
army gets settled, to take the lories far and near, of any
consequence, who refuse to take the oath, and to treat them
as our friends are, as well as to have them in his hands for
the exchange for our valuable citizens in bondage, and I
heartily agree with him. How can we expect any perma-
nent attachment to our cause in those who live near the
lines, when they are taken off, and worse enemies suffered
to remain with us in tranquillity? Il is doing great injury
to our country. I am honoured with marching orders to
join the grand army, which I wish not yet to be mentioned.
God bless you.
Your affectionate,
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
[Letter from John Henry.]
Fithkill, Htk June, 1777.
Sir — Your favour per Capt. Dobbs is now before me,
the contents of which I have observed. I find the number
of buckskin breeches to be right in each hogshead ; the
same have been entered as received from Mr. Cutlenius,
per your iiands, and forwarded under Dobbs's care. You
further say there is still a quantity of the same quality in
your care. Whatever articles there at present may be in
store at Kingston, under your care or any oilier persons,
would be glad if you would have tliem sent down imme-
diately, as we shall want the whole, and indeed more than
I believe are in your hands at this time. Your compliance
in this will oblige
Your very hbl. servt.
JOHN HENRY, C. C. N. Y.
Mr. John Elmendobf, Kingston.
[Letter from N. Brower.]
Wapping's Creek, June 11, 1777.
Sir — I must ask the favour of you to let me know if
Doct. Graham has received the money, or the accounts
been settled, of the small pox men liiat were sent to Wap-
ping's Creek to Samuel Barker. He tells me he has not
yet been paid. Mr. Graham told me some days ago, when
I asked him for the money, by Mr. Barker's order, that the
account was very much disapproved of, which detained the
money. Now, Mr. Barker desired me to acquaint your
Honours that he will be satisfied and contented with what
money you shall think his just due for his nursing, trouble
and fatigue, as the account will show. I should be glad
to know if il has been paid, and will make you satisfaction.
In showing my faithfulness to my country, I subscribe
myself
Your faithful servant,
NICHS. BROWER, Jur.
To John McKesson, Esq.
[Letter dated at Head-Quarters.]
Head-Quarters, camp at Middlebrook, )
June nth, 1777. J
Dear Sir — A thousand circumstances concur to prove
that many days will not elapse before the enemy move.
They are continually making preparations for such an
event, by disencumbering themselves of every thing super-
fluous, preparing transports, &c. Their proceedings are,
however, so intricate and ambiguous, that one is obliged to
suspend his judgment whetlier it will be by land or water.
On one hand they are drawing troops constantly into the
Jerseys, and on the other they are making considerable
water preparations. They have indeed, as we are told by
a number of deserters, given out in orders for the troops
to hold themselves in readiness to embark at a moment's
warning. But this and a design of embarkation being
openly talked of among them, make me suspect it is but a
feint to cover their real intention of marching by land to
Philadelphia. We are lying upon our oars for the purpose,
have our baggage, &,c. continually packed up to be the
sooner ready to follow them. Their design probably is to
send their stores and baggage round by water, with a few
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
471
of tlieir worst troops, and to push the rest by way of
Soulh-Amboy, below Philadelphia, to operate under cover
of iheir ships. Great desertions from thenn, six or eight of
a day, to this post. Our army respectable in number, in
good spirits and health, and our camp finely situated.
[Letter from Hugh Hughes.]
Fishkill, 8th June, 1777.
Sir — The service being in the greatest want of duck,
or old sails, I shall be greatly obliged to your Honourable
Board for a supply of either, if they have any belonging
to this State, for which I will either pay or give a receipt.
If they have none, I beg that the bearer, Capt. Dobbs,
may be furnished with an order to take whatever he may
find, not in use, if agreeable to the Council of Safety.
I am, with the greatest respect.
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
HUGH HUGHES, D. M. G.
To the Honble. the President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from the Committee at Albany.]
Albany Committee Chamber, 1
May m, 1777. S
Sir— The enclosed intelligence which we have lately re-
ceived of the motions and designs of our enemies, is of so
important a nature that the committee judge it necessary
to acquaint the Convention therewith.
In conjunction with General Gales, this committee have
already ordered a considerable number of the militia of this
county to march to the northward ; and the General has
called" out the mililia of Berkshire, who with Coll. War-
ner's regiment, and some other Continental troops, are now
stationed in different parties along Hudson's river above
this city, and who have directions from the General to act
as the motions of the tories may render it necessary.
The information this committee daily receive of the de-
fection of those who had hitherto supported with zeal and
alacrity the cause of freedom is truly surprising and alarm-
ing. They are at a loss to know in whom to place any
dependance, and unless some effectual means are devised
to prevent the growing defection, the consequence may be
fatal to this country.
Though numbers are detected and confined in gaol, yet
we plainly see that the conspiracy is far from being crushed.
We are sir, with esteem, your humble servt.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Honourable the President
of the Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from John Younglove and George Palmer.]
Stillwater, May 3d, 1777.
Gent. — We received yours by Mr. Dickinson, and are
happy to find your forwardness ; we conclude that the plan
is nearly ripe ; from the best inforiniUion we can get, the
party has increased to about eight hundred ; this we are
sure of, that they increase fast. We make no doubt but
they are informed that we have discovered them, for large
bodies of them have been seen among the inhabitants. One
of their camps is found, but soon deserted after the dis-
covery ; our scouts that we most depended on, are not yet
come in, they have been out near five days. This instant
the scout came in, one of whom is Capt. Wright who is
the bearer. We have yet out two men, who have under-
taken to go to their grand camp and enlist, and make their
escape to us ; one we expect in this nigiit; wc will for-
ward all material information to you, but we think some
thorough stroke should be struck instantly. Coll. Warner
is at Saratoga with odds of two hundred men, as wc are
informed ; we have about sixty of Coll. Van Wocrl's men
here waiting ; Major Van Veghten, has promised to send
us on the shortest notice one hundred men.
We are gent.
Your humble servls.
JOHN YOUNGLOVE,
GEORGE PALMER.
To the Committee at Albany.
[Deposition.]
May 3d, 1777.
Blank — Deposeth, and saith, that on the first instant,
May, I and one more was sent to the house of Fair-
child, about three miles below Joseph Jessup's mills, the
said Fairchild, looking on the deponents, as friends to
Howe's parly, informed ihem that the parly was come
back from Canada, and that they were there in the woods,
and that they subsisted on provisions that they had con-
veyed out last fall, and that they had their store, near a
certain large swamp, not far from the last discovered road,
and that they keep a strong scout out of Indians, and that
they wear a certain green vine on their heads, and if any
went lo the scout they wear the same token ; and further,
that their plan was to strike in different places.
1st. At New-Haven and the adjacent parts.
2d. The fleet was to come up the North river.
3d. At Tyconderoga, and by that means, draw off all
the militia, and then Johnson's party will fall on the Mo-
hawk river, and then the above parly is to fall on the North
river in different places ; and thai the above was to be put
in execution within ten days.
Fairchild further told us, that some Indians carried let-
ters to the wives of the Jessups, and were taken before the
committee and searched, and that they carried the letters
in the handles of their hatchets.
Sworn before me. May 3d, 1777.
George Parmer, Chairman.
[Letter from Hezekiah Middlebrooks.]
Ballston, 2d May, 1777.
Gentlemen — We have been justly alarmed these few
days past, by a number of people that have been seen about
the Kayaderosseras. On Wednesday morning last, Israel
Munn, of ihis district, went from Charles Merick's in com-
pany with four men, who said they were a scout from Sa-
ratoga, but Munn not coming home according to expecta-
tion, we imagined these men were not whal they profes-
sed, but that they were enemies, and had detained Munn a
prisoner. On which, we ordered an officer and six men to
endeavour lo find out said parly, but before that parly could
be got ready, we had information that the same day five arm-
ed men were met between Charles Merick's and Ebenezer
Sprague's, about a mile distant, but before they arrived at
Sprague's, they were joined by five men more, and inquir-
ed the road to a settlement adjoining this place, called
New-Paisly ; but by the time ihey got to one Smith's about
a mile from thence, their number was increased to fourteen,
and proceeding towards New-Paisly ; but had been gone
but a little lime until they returned again the same route,
to an encampment which was discovered yesterday morn-
ing, between Merick's and Sprague's. Yesterday morning
thirty or forty men were discovered marching up the Ka-
yaderosseras, and they returned the same way in the even-
ing, since which we have had no accounts from thence.
Munn, who Avas taken prisoner, was dismissed by ihem
last night, upon taking an oath of secrecy ; however we
can get very little from him, as he seems to be greatly
afraid ; but this much, we have reason lo think that there
is a large body of them, more than we are able lo cope
with, and a good mtny from this settlement have abscond-
ed and it is thought have joined ihem.
Lieut. Colo. Gordon of this place, went into Schenecta-
dy this morning, and having informed their committee of
the above particulars, they immcdialcly sent off an express
472
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
to Tryon county, desiring them to muster as large a body
as tfiey can, and come by the way of Sacondaga, and if
there could a sufficient party be sent out fronn Saratoga,
to from a line in conjunction wiib those from Tryon county
to intercept them, if they were upon their retreat from this
quarter, and at the same time a sufficient party attack them
here, we think there might be a [)relty good account given
of them ; but should lliey be able to defeat our vigilance,
they still might be intercepted by a scout from Tycondero-
ga, if General Gates should think proper to order it , froin
some hints dropped by Munn, we iiave reason to think
their chief aim is against the stores on the North river, and
against the gaol in Albany if they can efTect it. This is
all the information tliat we can at present give you, and
you may act accordingly ; but thus much, we can inform
you, that we look upon ourselves at their mercy, if they
choose to attack us, which we hope will incite you to be
as expeditious as you can to assist us.
We arc, &c.
Signed by order.
HEZEKIAH MIDDLEBROOKS,
Chairman.
To the Committee of Saratoga.
[Letter from Fred. Jay.]
Rumbout Precinct, 5th May, J 777.
Sir — The committee of this precinct, have desired me
to inform you, that the situation of the poor people, sent
from New-York to this place, is really distressing ; many
of them arc turned out of the houses ihey lately lived in,
which are occupied by those who bought them. The com-
mittee have endeavoured to hire other places, but in vain.
I would therefore request the favour of you to lay this mat-
ter immediately before the Convention, that such speedy
provision be made for those unhappy people as humanity
and their necessities call for.
As the commiltee is already in a considerable advance
for the support of the poor, it will not be in their power to
to provide for them any longer without the immediate aid
of the Convention.
I can't help thinking that the common committees should
be relieved from the care of the poor, and that overseers
should be appointed to provide for them, and set them to
work.
I am, with esteem, sir.
Your most hble. servant,
FRED. JAY.
Coll. P. V. CoETLANDT.
[Letter from Henry Schenk.")
Fishkill, May 4th, 1777.
Sir — There is a considerable quantity of flour purchased
from different persons, at Mr. Philip Verplanck's mill, for
the use of the Continental army. To prevent the expense
of carting, it has been the practice to procure barns near
the mill, generally those of the proprietor of the mill, to
store such flour as should be manufactured for the use of
the army ; a considerable quantity of flour purchased as
aforesaid, is now out of doors and is exposed to the weather.
Mr. Verplanck will not consent to any flour being stored
in his barn for reasons best known to himself, and as nei-
ther the Commissary-General nor his agents are empower-
ed to enforce a measure of that kind, could wish Conven-
tion would take the matter into consideration and give such
relief as they in their wisdom shall think most advancive
of the public good.
HENRY SCHENK.
To the Hon. Abbaram Ten Broeck.
[Letter from Mat. Adgate.]
New Canaan, 16th May, 1777.
Sir — Agreeable to my promise to the committee for
making discoveries and assays in lead, &c. I have been to
Harwood and seen Mr. George Slone about making gun
flmts, who informed me that he had made some flints, but
that he had not practised the business ; but that his bro-
ther, Robert Slone, was master of the business, from whom
he had got the knowledge he had ; that by seeing his bro-
ther and getting some directions about tempering the stono
he could be able at once to make progress in the business,
though he thought he could, by what he now knew, make
three or four hundred in a day if the stone was good ; that
his brother was engaged in a ship yard in Connecticut, in
such business that he could not be spared ; otherwise he
thought he might be got to undertake in making flints.
Mr. George Slone will undertake to make flints, but can-
not leave his family before the begmning of June, when he
will, if you engage him in the business see his brother, and
get as full knowledge therein as possible. Says he can-
not leave his family and undertake the business under a
dollar a day, and be found every thing but his tools, which
he can and will make.
As the time was so long before Mr. Slone could enter
upon the business, and I being no longer authorized to act
on that conunitlce, I thought it my duty to acquaint the
Council of Safety of the matter, that they might give pro-
per directions for engaging Mr. Slone in making flints.
If it should be thought proper to engage him, I am ready
to do any thing in my power to forward the business, and
will execute any directions sent me for that purpose.
I am sir, with due respect.
Your very humble servant,
MAT. ADGATE.
P S. Mr. Slone says that the stone being too hard id
a good quality, as it will bear tempering.
To the President of the Council of Safety
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from R. R. Livingston, M. Cantine and Z. Piatt, Jr.]
May 5, 1777.
Sir — We have received your favour with the enclo-
sures ; we find that the force we have collected is much
short of our expectations, and as we expect to be encum-
bered with a great number of prisoners, we must request
you to mention to the Convention that we have as yet re-
ceived no force from Kingston, nor can we learn that we
shall have any of consequence. As this seems to be a for-
lorn hope of the tories, many of them flocking from diffe-
rent parts to them and some every night from the west side
of the river, we must request that the most effectual means
be used to send us a reinforcement of at least 600 men to
cross at Van Leuven's Ferry and march up to Harme Rest
in the manor ; and to order the canoes to be drawn up or
guarded, from the Sawyers kill to the west camp.
We are, sir, with the utmost respect,
Yours and the Convention's humble serv'ts.
ROBT. R. LIVINGSTON,
MATTHEW CANTINE,
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jr.
To the Hon. the Convention.
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from General Gates.]
Albany, May 9th, 1777.
Sir — Last night I received your favour of the 6th, with
the resolve of the Convention of this State enclosed. You
may, sir, in my name assure the Convention, that at present
I see no reason for abandoning any part of the post of Ti-
conderoga ; and I have good ground to hope that we shall
never be under the necessity of evacuating or surrendering
any side or parcel thereof, if I he body of the eastern troops
arrives in any reasonable time ; and we can get all our ar-
tillery, stores and provisions over the lake in season. All
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
473
which I hope to do. I beheve Ticonderoga will be as safe
this year as it was the last.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient, humble servant.
HORATIO GATES.
The Honble. President of the
Convention of New-York.
[Letter from Jacob Hoornbeek, at Rochester.]
Rochester, May 8th, 1777.
Gentlemen — Enclosed I send the complaint of Mr.
Bowker against John D. Middagh and Henry Bush, who
are now at Papackonk ; and the said Bowker tells me they
do very great damage or hurt to the people of that settle-
ment, by selling them up and advising them to stand out
against their country. And as the said settlement is a con-
siderable distance from here, and subject to some expense
in sending men there and bringing those two persons down,
I beg, gentlemen, to be excused for troubling you in this
very busy time with you, to ask what I shall do therein ;
for said Bowker tells me that he thinks it would not be
safe for him to bring them down with his neighbours, as
inimical persons to American liberty daily pass by them,
who might revenge the same.
I am, gentlemen,
Your most obedient, humble servt.
JACOB HOORNBEEK.
P. S. Said Bowker has come on purpose to inform me
of the same, and offered to swear to his complaint.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton, at Fort Montgomery.]
Foi-t Montgomery, 3Iay 9lh, 1777.
Dear Sir — Enclosed I transmit to Convention the fur-
ther proceedings of the general court martial held at this
place for the trial of several persons cliarged with treason
against the State. Orders for Lieut. Colo. Hoornbeek to
cause those already sentenced, and whose sentence was
approved by Convention, as well as those who are tried
and convicted, and whose sentences shall hereafter be so
approved, to be executed ; together with an extract of a
letter which 1 received yesterday from his Excellency
Genl. Wasliington. I also send the prisoners last tried, to
Kingston, under the care of a guard commanded by Lieu-
tenant Post, the bearer hereof, to be confined in jail, or
otherwise disposed of, as the Honourable the Convention
shall think proper to direct; it being by no means prudent
to keep such a number of State prisoners at this place.
Doctor Aussan and Robt. Gilmore only remain untried, by
reason of the non-attendance of the witnesses against
them.
We are extremely weak at this post. By this day's re-
turn, the garrison consists only of 536 rank and file, and
a company of artillery, consisting of 35, officers included,
which is not two men to a gun. By means of the resolves
of your Honourable House in favour of the five New-York
regiments, (and of which I expressed my sentiments in a
former letter,) our strength is daily decreasing. Add to
this, of late tlie artillery officers from all quarters recruit
at this place, who, if I am rightly informed, promise those
who enlist with them an exemption for two of their friends
(from whom they are at liberty to take money) from militia
duty, and pretend they have orders so to do. By this
means they have great success, whilst the officers of the
other corps, who dare not venture to give such encourage-
ment, cannot enlist a single man.
I wish as much as any man to encourage the recruiting
service, and particularly for the train, as artillery men are
at present most wanted ; but I am confident unless some
[Vol. II.] 119
general and equal rule is established, by which all recruit-
ing officers are to be governed, you never will be able to
fill your regiments ; and nothing but confusion and animo-
sity between officers of different corps will be the conse-
quence. Twelve men enlisted yesterday out of the militia
here, on the above terms, in tlie train, seven of them under
an officer stationed at Chatham.
As my brother is ordered from this on other duty, I am
now obliged to be constantly here, and consequently can
give little or no attention to the business of obstructing the
navigation of Hudson's river, near Polopen's island, which
I fear will thereby suffer.
Many reasons, as well as that arising from my late ap-
pointment in the Continental army, lead me to wish to
have no further command of the militia. I therefore beg
leave to resign my commission as brigadier-general of the
militia of the counties of Ulster and Orange, and that the
Honourable the Convention will be pleased to accept of
this as my resignation of the command to me thereby
given. I have lately been informed that the militia in the
northern part of Ulster county, who were out with me last
fall and the beginning of winter, have been paid, by order
of Convention, on the returns and certificates of their cap-
tains only. I have taken great pains to get in pay abstracts
for that service, properly attested by the officers, that the
men might have no reason on the one hand to complain of
being kept out of the pay justly due to them, and on the
other, that the public might not be deceived in paying
those who were not in their service ; or having been there,
mutinied and deserted from it ; and I believe those in
Orange and the lower end of Ulster are nearly completed.
In this way I was in hopes that the service would have
been considered as a Continental expense, and the State
the paymaster in the first instance only. But if Conven-
tion have adopted the other method in paying part of the
militia, I hope they will extend it to the whole, as they
have an equal right to expect it.
I am, with much respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
Honourable President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from the Tryon County Committee.]
Tryon County Committee, May 8th, 1777.
Gentlemen — We are presently alarmed and on duty
with our whole militia, upon several credible intelligences
and some discovery of a great number of tories embodied
in the woods between Jessup's Patent and our northern
settlements. The Schenectady and the neighbouring mi-
litia are also marched up towards the said place, in order
to prevent their hostile invasion and to defeat them. We
have just been busy to collect our freeholders' voices in
regard to appointing the civil officers for our county, when
we received an express from Schenectady and Stillwater,
with some discoveries of such traitors, which alarm (as
Johnstown was threatened to be invaded by them) slopped
entirely our proceedings : so that we are now disappointed
to send you the necessary instruclions concerning such ap-
pointments, to be satisfactory to ourselves, to the people,
and for the good of the whole, as by you recommended,
and will be a point of e.xpected liberty and freedom for the
new government.
But we assure you, that as soon as this present alarm
shall cease, and when our constituents are returned home,
we will immediately provide you with our choice for such
appointments. In the mean lime, we request and hope that
nothing will be determined in the Convention in regard to
our county, as the public would take it as an infringement
of their liberties, wherefore, generally and in particular
474
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
they pretend to fight, and the contrary would excite a
public disturbance.
We remain, in haste, with cstcenn, gentlemen,
Your very humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ISAAC PARIS.
P. S. Please to send us fifty l)lank. commissions for
Colo. Harper's regiment and other mililia officers yet with-
out commissions in our county.
Whereas, by the present circumstances of our county,
as so many tories embody themselves in the woods, like
robbers and murderers, with an intent to invade and destroy
our frontiers, we must keep constantly part of our militia
on duty to scout the woods, to prevent a surprise of tiie
enemy, or otherwise the whole mililia will now and then
be alarmed and kept under arms from home; which both
services would be a damage to the public, and a great im-
pediment in our necessaryagriculture, to the discontentment
of our well affected persons. Therefore, we thought proper
to require you, that you will make a move in the Convention
for a number of men in our county to engage in the service
of ranging such woods constantly, until necessity ceaseth,
for Continental pay. Two subalterns, four non-commis-
sioned officers and thirty-six men, we judge necessary and
suflRcient. But as it is a hard service, we may not expect
a private to serve under 4s. per day, finding himself.
We beg and hope that you will endeavour, as mucli as
it lays in your power, to procure us the grant of our pro-
posal and request, and an authority therefore to proceed
immediately for such very needful service.
Gentlemen,
Your most hble. servts.
By order of the committee.
ISAAC PARIS.
To the Representatives of Tryon County,
in Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Tryon County Committee.]
Tryon Comity Committee, May 8th, 1777.
Honourable Gentlemen — Our present situation in our
county is very alarming. We have got repealed intelli-
gence that a large number of tories are embodied some
where between the North river and Johnstown, which is
very credible, as since a fortnight's time all the remaining
Roman Catholic Scotch inhabitants of Johnson's settle-
ments are run off from their homes towards our enemies ;
besides a number of disaffected Germans of that Bush
and Butlersberry, which, (it is reported,) are headed by the
two McDonalds, who were hostages, and lately came back
to visit their families upon a permit of General Gates and
General Schuyler. The Schenectady committee first in-
formed us, per express, of such a hostile body of tories,
and requested us to send our militia by Sacontago north-
ward ; when, at the same time they ordered their militia,
in conjunction with Ballstown and other neighbouring mili-
tia, by Ballstown upwards the North river. Since we had
further reports of such a numerous and malicious plot with
a design to invade Johnstown and other northerly frontier
places, we alarmed therefore our militia, and sent a num-
ber to join the Schenectady militia, some to scout the
woods, and some we quartered at Johnstown and Stone
Arabia. As there are a number of wives and children,
amounting to about 400, left home by those runaways,
which dwell in the back settlement of Johnson's Bush, and
it is supposed that they will, or at least can constantly suc-
cour our enemies with provisions, and give them intelli-
gence of our situation and proceedings, and may continue
the same for a long while, till we are retreated or dispersed
again, and thereby take their advantage for putting their
inimical scheme in execution. To hinder and cut off such
traitorous communications of those inimical Scotch fami-
lies, we consulted with Brigr. General Herkheimer and
some of the field oflSccrs of his brigade, and after matare
consideration agreed upon, that those women, with their
children, should be removed from their settlement, and
either to be kept under a suflicient guard at Johnstown or
other convenient safe place, or other measures might be
taken for the safety of our county ; but before we would
execute the same, it is resolved further, that your Honou-
rable Board shall be acquainted of all these circumstances
and our resolutions, and beg for your opinion and instruc-
tions how to guard such traitors, whether our militia must
be engaged lor such service, and also concerning their sub-
sistence, or what other needful measures would be advan-
tageous to our present situation against such hostile com-
munications.
We send therefore this express on that purpose, whereby
we expect your favour in answer to our directions.
We remain, in due respects,
Honourable gentlemen.
Your obedt, humble servts.
By order of the committee.
ISAAC PARIS.
P. S. We received also intelligence that a party of ene-
mies from Canada were discovered towards Jessup's Pa-
tent, and some scouts of them along the south side of the
North river. And likewise per intelligence from Fort
Schuyler, that Joseph Brand, Indian, of Canajoharie Castle,
is on his march with a large party ol Indians from the ene-
my, to Ochquago, and thence to proceed towards our set-
tlements.
To the Honble. the Convention of
the State of New- York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Levi Pawling, at Fort Clinton.]
Fort Clinton, May 10, 1777.
Sir — Yours of the 2d instant I have received with thank-
fulness. I have only time to desire you to send down
William Teets, Junr. as he is pardoned, and one of your
quota of men. Fail not in sending that young villain down.
1 have been very ill since 1 arrived at this place ; but am,
through God's goodness, recovered.
I am, in great haste,
Your assured friend and most humble servt.
LEVI PAWLING.
[Letter from Gen. George Clinton.]
Fort Montgomery, 4th May, 1777.
Dear Sir — Enclosed I send you a list of the traitors
who were going to join our common enemy in New- York,
under the direction of Jacobus Roosa, together with a list
of the names of sundry persons who have knowingly aided
and comforted them. On the list I have noted such as we
have taken ; the olhers are yet missing, and as I have rea-
son to beheve that not more than five, (if so many,) were
killed, the rest must yet be lurking about in the country ;
and as it is essential to the internal peace and safety of the
country that this banditti should be entirely broke up, I
think too much pains cannot be taken to apprehend or de-
stroy them. I have parlies out after them under vigilant
officers, who I am sure will exert themselves ; but as I
was not able when ihey went off to furnish them with a
list of the offenders' names, many of them for this reason
may escape, as the officers will not know what route to
take, or who in particular to direct their inquiries after.
An officer, with a party, came in this morning from Cock-
sing with eight prisoners, chiefly accomplices, two only
being of Roosa's company, and one of those is Cornelius
Sammons, who I am informed was released by Conven-
tion, ii"< consideration of his having been taken and forced
along by Roosa, and his giving information against the rest.
IMy office^ was sent out before I received his examination
taken beforo> Convention, and had particular and positive
orders to take. Sammons and sundry others, and therefore
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
475
took and broiiglit him here with other prisoners, and as I find
from his examination before Convention, he has concealed
matters of much importance of wiiich he must have had
knowledge, and that a great part of his relation is false, I
hope, therefore, as well my officer who look him, as myself
for detaining him in custody, till he learns to speak the
whole truth, or until I shall receive contrary directions from
Convention, will stand justified Ly your Honourable House,
especially as I flatter myself that my conduct will not by
any be imputed to want of due respect to their authority.
I would only add, that the evidence against Mr. Golden
is but hearsay ; and had it not been corroborated by many
concurring circumstances, and the suspicions and resent-
ment of the country so strong against him as in my opinion
to render him very unsafe, 1 do not know that I should
have had any tiling to do with him, (though taken and
brought to this post,) as I understood he was a prisoner to
Convention on parol, and confined to his own farm, where
(though I am sure it was not conceived by Convention,)
he can do more mischief than if he were with General Howe
or any where else. I have reason to believe he did not
actually see or assist Roosa or his party ; at the same time
I am almost confident, that the person said to be a regular
officer in the examinations, and charged with expresses for
General Howe was at his house ; that he advised him
what route to take to evade our guards, and that through
his aid and advice that dangerous person has got clear : in-
deed some expressions which Mr. Golden inadvertently let
fall at Fort Montgomery, confirms me in this belief, and I
dare say if charged closely home with that offence, he will
not dare to deny it. Sammons' story begins to differ al-
ready from what he told Convention, and he is very desi-
rous of enlisting in our service.
I am, with much esteem.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
P. S. Since I wrote the above, I received a letter from
Lieut. Colo. Cooper, of which I enclose a copy. It is out
of my power to give him any reinforcement from this post,
as we are already much too weak, in my opinion. I have
sent the letter to my brother, who this day set out from this
for home, in order to prepare to go to Ramapough and take
the command of the few troops we have there. I have ad-
vised him to forward copies of the letter to the colonels of
the different regiments in Orange county, that they may at
least stand in readiness to meet the enemy, and to march
part of them, if he can, to reinforce Colo. Cooper.
Yours,
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Hon. the President of the
Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Henry Schenk.]
FishkUl,^pril 25, 1777.
Sir — Messrs. Ham and Harsin are employed to bake
hard bread for the use of the Continental army ; and have
for that purpose erected two ovens at Eusopus Landing,
at the Continent's expense ; hired a dwelling for their fami-
Hes near the ovens, so as to enable them to carry on that
business with despatch. .Mr. Ham informs me, that the
person in possession refuses to give possession. I could
wish Convention, if they thought it for the public good,
would interfere in causing that obstinate person to quit the
possession. Mr. Johnli. Sleght, the proprietor, will wail
on Convention, for their aid.
I am, sir, with great esteem,
Your very huml. servt.
HENRY SCHENK.
To the Honble. Adrm. Ten Broeck,
President of the Convention of the
State of New-York.
[The Petition of John H. Sleght.]
Kingston, May 1, 1777.
The petition of John H. Sleght shewelh — That your pe-
titioner some lime past, hired a dwelling house to Philip
Swart, at the strand, for one year, which term is now ex-
pired ; and the said Sleght has sold the said house, with
its appurtenances, to Messrs. Ham and Harsen, and cove-
nanted to deliver the possession to them, on this day ;
which gentlemen, in consequence of their purchase, have
been at considerable expense in erecting ovens to bake
hard bread for the Continental army, being under contract
for that purpose. That your petitioner, for want of the
usual assistance of regular courts of justice in the admi-
nistration of law, is left without remedy, and unable to fulfil
his engagements, whereby the public service must be ob-
structed ; as the said Philip Swart declares he will not de-
liver up the possession, on various pretexts, knowing that
as there is no law, we cannot have the usual mode of re-
dress to the great loss of the said Ham and Harsen, as
well as your petitioner.
Your petitioner humbly prays your Honourable House
would afford such relief, as to them shall seem most expe-
dient ; and your petitioner shall ever pray.
JNO. H. SLEGHT.
To the Honble. Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Robt. R. Livingston.]
Manor of Livingston, May 7, 1777.
Sir — When I proposed myself as a member of the
committee that was to go over to the Manor of Livingston,
I expected that the insurgents would have continued in
arms. At present, they are dispersed, and most of them
taken ; we shall send down near a hundred to the fleet
prison. As the remainder of this work will be extremely
tedious, however, I shall continue to act agreeable to the
resolution by which I was first appointed. I must, how-
ever, beg to be excused from the commission with which
I am invested by the last resolution, as it is inconsistent
with the other duties imposed upon me, and with that little
attention which I have some right to ask, to my health.
As Mr. Smith and Mr. Benson are more capable of serving
the public as commissioners, than myself, 1 must request
the favour of Convention to add one of them to the com-
mittee, in my room.
I am, with the greatest respect.
Your most obt. hum. servt.
ROBT.R. LIVINGSTON.
To the Hon. the President of the Convention.
[Letter from the Delegates at Congress enclosing a copy of a letter
from Mr. Youngs.]
Philadelphia, Jpril 21st, 1777.
Sir — We yesterday moved for a copy of the representa-
tion from our revolted subjects to Congress. A member
from Massachusetts would have made it a condition that a
copy of your remonstrance should be delivered to him for
the use of the revolters, insisting that we and they were
perfectly on an equal footing, stating us the parties, &c.
Tills brought on some altercation not to the advantage of
this open and avowed advocate for tiie disturbers of the
public peace and general union. In the conclusion, the
paper we moved for was ordered to be delivered. On our
parts we assured the House liiat tliough we should not
suffer the Slate of New-Yorli to be put on a level with a
small part of its disaffected subjects, yet we Iiad no secret
on this occasion ; that any member liad our free consent
to take a copy, and make such use of it as he might think
proper. Here it ended.
476
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Wc have obtained and transmit a copy of a printed ad-
dress from Doctor Young to the insurgents in our Slate,
in which he positively asserts that he has taken the minds
of several ot the leading members of Congress, and then
proceeds to give them their advice. This paper, corres-
ponding with the hints we had from the committee sent
into Cumberland, renders it unnecessary to trouble you
about further proof. Doctor Young is on the spot ; if he
has injured his friends they have the means of ample satis-
faction, for they can call him before the House. How-
ever, we do not observe that the imputation gives any un-
easiness to the suspected members, though we are well
assured it has made strong impressions to their disadvan-
tage on liie minds of oilier geiillcmen. What notice the
Corivcntion ought to lake of this insolent address does not
lie with us to determine, nor have we yet concluded on the
part we shall pursue in Congress. It is our business to
move deliberately, as from the change of members we find
ourselves surrounded with strangers. To cultivate their
esteem and good opinion is of moment, considering the un
ws of some Stales and the magnitude of th(
le
friendly view
business committed to our charge. A commiitee consist-
ing of one member from each Slate, is appointed to exa-
mine into the conduct of General Schuyler. It was not
done without warm opposition. There was no accuser,
no complaint, l o charge against the General. Nothing had
ever been said to his disadvantage or dishonour m that
House. Directing the inquiry was an implied censure, or
at least an indication of suspicion, which should be avoid-
ed. These were the arguments against the appointment of
a commiitee. A single rcmaik was sufficient to refute
Ihem. If the General had done his duty faithfully, why
was his authority pared away lo nothing, and the command
of the army, in effect, transferred from him to General
Gates, a junior officer? We can entertain no apprehen-
sion but that the General will be honourably acquilted,
though it is obvious enough that pains have been taken to
injure his character. , • •
The feeble, inactive condition of Pennsylvania is a sad
proof how little their new constitution is calculated for se-
curity or defence in time of danger. Their executive au-
ihoriiy appears to be sensible of their weakness and lean
with their whole weight upon Congress, who have found it
necessary to recommend a temporary system to prevent
the ruin of the cause, as far as it is connected wilh this
State ; to this will be added a recommendation to revive
the general committees, for nothing can be substituted in
the place of this inslilution equally salutary, or which can
produce so much union, energy and vigour. The spirit of
the Legislature under the new constitution here is strongly
marked in their militia act, which provides that if a colonel
or other officer shall strike a soldier while upon duty, he
shall forfeit a sum not less than five nor more than ten
pounds ; but if the soldier shall strike or draw upon his
colonel or other officer while on duty he shall be fined a
sum — not exceeding five pounds !
We beg leave to assure you, sir, that we snail exert our
most zealous endeavours for the interest and honour of our
Stale on every occasion ; and it gives us singular pleasure
that your Honourable Body maintain a high rank in the esti
mation of Congress as well as of the General and army,
which cannot but greatly contribute to our success in every
just and reasonable measure. We have the honour to be
with the utmost regard, sir,
Your most obedient, humble servants,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
JAS. DUANE,
WM. DUER.
To the Honble. the President of the
Convention of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Lieut. Colo. Cooper.]
Sidman'i Clove, May 3d, 1711.
Dear Sm — We are alarmed by the enemy's being ar-
rived yesterday lo the new bridge, wilh the number of
four hundred men and upwards ; it is also very likely that
the greatest part of the inliabilanls will join them, as I am
informed of some negroes being seen with arms and mak-
ing towards them ; almost all ihe inhabitants in the lower
end of Bergen county have taken protections, and I expect
are to assist them if demanded by our enemy. Pray, sir,
if it be possible give us relief at this very critical period.
If it could be allowed that we were reinforced with some
artillerymen and a fieldpiece or two, and also lhal our
regiment could be full, lo stand the full lime we are en-
gaged for, it appears very probable we might make a pro-
per defence, but indeed as we now are, I fear we can make
very liille stand.
I expect to be attacked this night or to-morrow at far-
thest. I have acquainted Colo. Heathorn of the matter.
This from your friend and very huml)le servt.
GILBERT COOPER, Lt. Col.
To Genl. Georoe or James Cunton.
[Letter from Egbt. Benson and Melancton Smith.]
Poughkceptie, May itt, Vm.
Sir — We have this instant received information that the
enemy have again landed at Horse Neck and advanced
some miles into the country. The intelligence comes from
Mr. Livingston, who is now in the southern part of the
county, in a letter to Colo. Swartwout. We have written
lo the colonel advising him lo call out the militia by virtue
of the resolution of Convention. We thought it of impor-
tance lo communicate this to Convention immediately by
express.
We remain with respect.
Your very humble servts.
E(;BT. BENSON,
MELANCTON SxMITH.
To Abraham TenBroeck, Esqr.
President of the Convention at Kingston.
[Letter from Messrs. Bayley, Clay and Sessions, commissioners from
Cumberland and Gloucester.]
2d May, 1777.
Gentlemen — Your orders to us of the 15th of March
last we have endeavoured to follow as near as possible,
and have mustered one hundred and fifiy-two men, who
are willing to serve agreeable to a vote of the Honble. Con-
vention, and have signed a roll to that effect. We find
twenty-nine men who have been in actual service until the
25lh November, for which a pay roll is made out, signed
by Capls. Strong and Wait, and certified by us ; we find
sixteen men to have received forty shillings lawful money
each, who did not incline to serve, whom we have dis-
charged, and thirty-two men who have received the half
bounty, but had not done duty in the detachment, though
properly enlisted, did not appear. We charged tlie Stale
wilh the bounty only. As to Majr. Hoisinglon, we did not
know what money he received of the Slate, when last at
the Convention, nor what he received of Mr. Stevens,
therefore must leave it entirely to you to ascertain his wa-
ges. His accounts we need not trouble you wilh, as we
find the State will be clear and every creditor paid, if pro-
per care be taken by us at the paying off ; we have not en-
tered Capt. Hatch in Stevens' roll for pay, but have al-
lowed him one hundred and forty-three and two-thirds of a
dollar for wages and subsistence, while he was in actual
service, from the 6th of August lo the 16lh day of Decem-
ber following. Capt. Seelye we allowed one hundred dol-
11
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
lars, Lieut. Whitney we allowed one hundred and thir-
teen and a half dollars, and Lieut. Robbins thirty dollars
for recruiting, &c. only eight of Capt. Seelye's n;ien re-
joined. Rolls for pay and subsistence now exhibited by
Capts. Strong, Wait and Lieut. Stevens, are attested to
by each and certified by us, which we send enclosed, to-
gether with the account made out and signed by us.
Please to make out and send for the detachment two
commissions, one for Capt. Simeon Stevens, one for Lieut.
Amos Chamberlin, also another blank commission for a
lieutenant ; it may be proper to dale said commissions the
16th of April, 1777.
There having been another captain appointed previous
to Seeley's appointment, to take the command of that com-
pany, who resigned, viz. (E. Day,) and was at cost in en-
listing men to the amount of £l. We think it reasonable
he should be paid, and submit it to Convention whether
he may be allowed the same. Farther beg leave to sug-
gest to your Honours that the officers who have now en-
gaged look upon themseles entitled to the pay now stipu-
lated by Congress, it having been augmented since the re-
solves by which this corps were directed to be raised ; this
is not included in the present rolls; yet as it will appear
by the resolves aforesaid, that they were entitled to Con-
tinental pay, and we trust it may appear reasonable that
they should receive their pay accordingly. Give us leave
to suggest, we think it would be best to allowance the
corps, and desire you will let us know how much per day ;
and as it will be necessary to keep out scouts constantly,
whether they may be allowed any spirit. We apprehend
by this party intelligence may be got from Canada ; a cor-
respondent might be recommended between us and the
commanding officer at Ticonderoga. The nighest route
from this to Ticonderoga will be by way of Bernard, be-
ing not more than fifty-six miles from Norwich, on this ri-
ver ; from thence to Bernard is a good road ; from thence to
Otter creek, eight miles below the falls is eighteen miles
and no road at all cut, but are informed is a tolerable pas-
sage. This, together with the rolls and accounts, we
transmit by Mr. Wallace, whom we recommend to trans-
act affairs relative thereto, and by whom a return may be
made to us, or any persons you may think proper, to com-
plete said business.
We beg leave to subscribe ourselves,
Your obedient and very humble servants,
JACOB BAYLEY,
JAMES CLAY,
JOHN SESSIONS.
Commissioners.
[Letter from John Coe, Esq.]
Sir — The committee of the south part of Orange county,
beg leave to inform the Convention that the Continental
troops, in passing through this part of the county last sum-
mer and fall, committed great devastation on many of the
inhabitants well alfected to the cause, by burning their
fences, destroying their grain and corn, and taking away
their property without making any compensation whatever ;
that some of the regiments in their march quartered their
sick upon private families, who were obliged to nurse and
support them during their sickness at their own expense,
and in some instances were obliged to pay the expense of
their interment.
By this conduct many persons have been injured, and
some who were scarce able to support themselves are now
greatly distressed. Applications have been made to the
commillee for satisfaction, but no provision having been
made to defray these damages, the committee desire the
direction of Convention what steps ought to be taken to
satisfy the sujfferers. In a controversy in which all are
equally interested, it seems reasonable that whenever the
property of an individual is to be sacrificed to the good of
[Vol. n.] 120
477
the public, that compensation should be made to the in-
jured.
The practice of quartering sick soldiers in private fami-
lies has been found greatly to endanger the healih and
lives of the inhabitants, by spreading the camp disorder
among them. The committee therefore humbly submit it
to the Convention whether some steps ought not to be
taken to prevent this practice for the future ; and would be
glad to be favoured with the directions of Convention, that
they may be enabled to return a proper answer to the ap-
plications that have been made to them.
1 am, sir, with respect,
Yours and the Convention's
Humble servant,
JOHN COE, Beimly Chairman.
LLetter from Col. Sutherland.]
Charlolea Precinct, May 3, 1777.
Gentlemen — These are to lay before you our critical
situation at present, and beg for your direction in our pre-
sent condition. We have a number of people in our pre-
cinct who have seen the barbarity of the troops at Dan-
bury, cutting men's heads off, burning up men and children
in their houses, ravaging and destroying our country.
They are so exasperated I am well assured if some speedy
measures are not adopted, there will be blood shed, and
that soon, for I can scarcely prevent it at present. I am
of the opinion that if the men-of-war troops land at Peeks-
kill, our troops will rise and join them. There are two
companies in my regiment by whom no resolution can be
carried into execution, being influenced by some evil minded
persons, which confuses the people. I have done all in
my power to raise the men for the present campaign ; great
part will not march. I have set guard at all the mills that
had Continental flour in, by threatening to destroy them.
I want your resolution in the affair, by the bearer, L. D.
Lavergne.
I am yr. mo. hme.
DAVID D. SUTHERLAND, Col.
The President of the Honble. Convention
of the State of New-York..
[Letter from Gen. Clinton.]
Fort Montgomery, 2d May, 1777.
Dear Sir — Enclosed I transmit to the Honourable the
Convention the proceedings of a general court-martial,
held at this post for the trial of Jacobus Rosa, and sundry
other persons, charged with treason against the State. The
conduct of many of these traitors was so daring and inso-
lent, that a sudden and severe example seems to me abso-
lutely necessary, to deter others from the commission of
like crimes ; and I am persuaded to suffer these lo pass
with impunity would be cruelty in the end. There are
many others yet untried, for want of evidence, in the guard
house here, which occasions our mounting double guards,
and greatly adds to the fatigue of the soldiery, already
overburthened with the works necessary for the defence of
the post. This reason, and the trouble they would neces-
sarily be to me in case of an attack, induces me to wish
a speedy answer from the Convention. The inhabitants
are so much irritated by the conduct of the prisoners,
marching armed in a body to join the eneiuy, that I fear
they will soon take the law in their own hands against
them ; and the wounding of Major Strong, his brother and
Lieut. Terwillcger, (the first of which is supposed mortal-
ly) greatly adds to their resentment. You will observe
that Gardner and some other prisoners were not of Rosa's
party, and that Gardner pleads in his defence a certificate
of his having taken the oath of allegiance before the com-
missioners for detecting conspiracies, since the commission
of his crime, which the court however concludes was ob-
tained artfully and through misinformation, and indeed that
478
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
it was out of the line of the commissioners' duly. Tlie
enemy's shipping, we are informed, fell down the river,
out of siglit, yesterday. No other news stirring here, ex-
cept the affair of Danbury, of which I i)ave not heard the
particulars. You will also observe, by the examination of
Rosa and his party, sundry of them left liiin and went
home, and are not yet taken, who ought to be immediately
apprehended.
I am, with due respect,
Your most obedt. humbe. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
The Honourable the Convention of the Slate of New-York.
[List of prisoners.]
Jack, the negro of Gnysbert Rosa, acquitted by the court.
John Van Vlick, confirmed sentence.
Win. McGinnis, confirmed.
Cors. P'uller, do. (R. R. Livingston excused voting.)
Wni. Teets, sentence confirmed and pardoned.
Cnrmael Wysenacr, sentence confirmed.
Andries Kyser, do do
John Rapelje, do do
Silvester Vandermerk, do do
Jacobus Rose, do do
Jacob Middagh, do do
Jacobus Longyou, do do (R. R. Livingston excd. voting.)
Hendrick Crispell, State evidence, pardoned by Convention.
Alexander Campbell, not confirmed.
Arthur McKenny, sentence confirmed.
Isaac Lockwood, sentenced by court-martial to be confined during
the war ; sentence confirmed.
Silas Gardner, sentence confirmed.
Daniel Reynolds and Peter Albridge, acquitted by court-martial.
[Letter from Gen. Clinton.]
Fort Montgomery, 2d May, 1777.
Sir — I wrote to Convention this morning, enclosing the
proceedings of a general court-martial, held at this place
for the trial of sundry persons for treason against the
Slate ; since which so many others have been sent to this
post charged wilh the same offences, that the guard house
cannot contain them. I have therefore thought it advisa-
ble to send those already tried to be confined in Kingston
jail, together with Cadwallader Colden, Esq. who stands
charged with the like offence, as will appear by the exami-
nation of Jacob Davis, taken before tlie chairman of the
committee of Shawangonk, and now transmitted to you by
Lieul. Rose, who has the care of the prisoners. One of
ihe prisoners tells that Doctor Crussem and one Low was
left behind their party in the Clove near Kyseryck, at a
little house there, on account of Low's being lame, and
the doctor to take care of him. They ought, in my opi-
nion, 10 be hunted up immediately. The prisoners, except
Mr. Colden, who are not yet tried, I mean to keep con-
fined at this place for trial. Mr. Colden I have thought
best to send forward, as it might not be prudent to keep
him confined at this post, for many reasons.
I am, your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the President of the Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Mr. Jay's compliments to Mr. Loudon.]
Fish Kill, 2d May, 1777.
Mr. J. Jay presents his compliments to Mr. Loudon,
and requests ihe favour of him to forward the letter which
the bearer will deliver to him, to Kingston, by the first safe
opportunity.
[Letter to Genl. Washington, relative to the burning of New- York,
by the retreating army.]
Sir — The Convention of this State have received infor-
maiion from one of the Deputies of the city and county of
New-York, of a report prevailing amongst the army, that
if the fortune of war should oblige our troops to abandon
that city, it should be immediately burnt by the retreating
soldiery, and that any man is authorized to set it on fire.
I
The Convention will cheerfully submit to the fatal ne-
cessity of destroying tliat valuable city, whenever your Ex-
cellency shall deem it essential to the safety of this Slate,
or the general interests of America. Yet the duty which
they owe to tlicir consiiiuenls, obliges them to lake every
possible precaution ; that twenty thousand iidiabilanls may
not be reduced to misery by itie act of wanton individuals.
They therefore, inlreat of your Excellency, to lake such
measures in preventing the evil tendency of such a report,
as you shall deem most expedient.
We are, (Sec.
To His Excellency Genl. Washington.
[Letter from Jos. Bull, taken a prisoner at New-Rochel.]
Sir — I was last Friday evening taken in custody, by order
of General Scolt, since which time, I have been kept a
prisoner, (though humanely treated,) at New-Rochel, and by
Ictler from General Scolt, am acquainted 1 must go on
board a sloop for Norwich, in Conneciicut. This without
a hearing is hard, but what renders such a voyage truly
distressing, is my wife's being near her time of lying in,
a woman of feeble constiliilion, without father or moUier ;
I am very fearful it may end her days. All these evils, if
justly deserved, I could the more cheerfully endure.
As early as the first forming of a committee in New-
York, I was one of the promoters, in which coinmillee I
served about two years, as I thought wilh the approbation
of my fellow citizens at large, as I was, on a dissolution of
the committee, always nominated by the commiltee, and
the people out doors, who used often to correct our nomi-
nation, and was finally dismissed on account of my busi-
ness calling me often abroad, so that I could not give due
attendance.
Between the dissolution of the first, and the choice of a
second Congress, I was informed a number of people had
assembled to counteract, and if possible, frustrate a second
choice. I attended, and with the assistance of a few
others, they were prevailed on to drop that opposition, but
would and did oppose a Convention. When there was an
answer appeared to the paper called Philipis, I carried
them through Westchester and Dutchess counties, and so
on through the borders of New-England as far as the first
had reached. And if I had time I could produce witnes-
ses, who would acknowledge I have proselyted them from
toryism. One mailer is within ihe compass of your know-
ledge, which doth not speak a wish that the country might
be subdued ; and if I can before this goes from me, I shall
furnish you witii some circumstances more, all of which,
if it should appear to you sir, are small, still ihey will I
think, evince that my wish is that way. I could further
add, all my friends are, if the country is conquered, ruined;
ties, which if nothing else, would induce me lobe friendly
to the American cause ; but, olher motives alone, would
influence me.
If you can sir, be of service to me in this case, you may
be the instrument of saving life, and I am conscious will not
lessen the strength of the cause. If the mailer sir, should
lay wilh the General, I don't know but it is asking too
much, but I should be much obliged if you could wait on
him, and if you think proper, show him this letter; all
of which favors, I shall thankfully acknowledge, and no
one will more cheerfully retaliate them.
Your most obedient.
Very humble servt.
JOSEPH BULL.
P. S. If Collo. Philips, Collo. Corsa and myself, must
proceed, we should be glad to give security and proceed
by land. A boat will be exceedingly disagreeable at ihis
hot season, and most of us subject to be sea sick. We
are the only prisoners here, except Mr. Jauncey.
To General Woodhitli., at Harlem.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
479
[Letter from the President of Convention to the Committee of Albany,
enclosing a resolution passed 14lh inst.]
Pouglikeepsie, Jany. 15th, 1777.
Gentn. — An application having been made to the Con-
vention, in behalf of the deputy quarler-masler-general, for
a power to impress a quantity of boards in your county, for
the works in the Highlands, they have thereupon passed
the enclosed resolution, which I have the honour to trans-
mit to you.
I am directed by the Convention, to represent to you
the absolute necessity of procuring a considerable number
of boards, as without them it will be impossible to erect
the necessary works for the defence of the river; in short,
that a quanlily must be obtained at all events, and you are
earnestly entreated to interest yourselves in the matter, and
give the persons employed to procure the boards all the aid
in your power.
The Convention would recommend it to you to send for
the proprietors of saw mills and persons having boards for
sale, and endeavour by persuasion to prevail on them to
dispose of their boards, at what you shall deem a just and
reasonable price : if they should, notwithstanding, be re-
fractory or unreasonable in their demands, you are then
advised, by resolution, to regulate the price, having due
regard to the properly of individuals and the interest of the
public. However, the Convention wish this last mode
may not be adopted till every easy amicable method shall
have been tried and proved ineffectual.
You are also requested to urge the proprietors of saw
mills to keep their mills constantly employed, in order that
a necessary supply of boards may be provided for the
above mentioned public service.
You will readily conceive that for want of proper infor-
mation, it was impossible for the Convention to ascertain
the price, admitting the measure to have been necessary,
and which undoubtedly we should have determined to have
been the case, had we supposed the boards could not be pro-
cured in any other manner.
I would mention to you, that as there is no cash in the
military chest in this department, and as we cannot spare a
sum out of the Treasury of this State on loan to the Con-
tinent for this service, the persons from whom the boards
shall be purchased, will be under the necessity for the pre-
sent to receive certificates from the agent of the deputy
quartermaster-general.
In confidence that you will exert yourselves in the very
necessary business,
I remain.
Your most obedient servant.
To the Committee of Albany.
[Copied from Rivingston's paper of April 18, 1778.]
By His Majesty's ship Andromache, Capt. Bryne, in
seven weeks from Portsmouth, we have received a copy
of the Rt. Hon. Lord North's speech, on his conciliatory
motion, on Tuesday the 17lh of February.
The proposition which I have the honour to oflfer to
this House is for two acts of Parliament. I will now open
the contents of them fully, and will then refer them to a
committee of the whole house. At the opening of the
present session, on the first day, during the debate upon
the address to His Majesty, I told the House, that in my
opinion, terms might be made with the Colonies, short of
unconditional submission, and that the time of making them
was the moment of victory. I said this thinking that the
victory gained by Sir William Howe was more decisive
than il really was, and ignorant at the time of the disaster
which had fallen on (Jenl. Burgoyne's army. When llie
the news of that melancholy event arrived, I was struck
that the time of proposing terms was past, and that the
first point to be done was the raising of new levies and a
new force. The consequences of that misfortune were
unknown. The general idea was, that the victorious army
would march to Philadelphia, and that flushed with victory
a general engagement might have happened, which would
have been decisive. I thought it necessary, therefore, to
wait till the end of the campaign, till I had a knowledge
of all the events of it; it is ended and nothing decisive
has liappened. The forces of Washington are not suffi-
cient to make him quit his defensive plan. Our army is
great, our navy is great, our men in health, in spirits and
well supplied ; but the resistance of America is greater,
and the war has lasted longer, than was at first apprehend-
ed, much longer than any friend to this country could wish ;
and I do not think it will end in this campaign. I think
that our forces are sufficient to compel America to accept
of reasonable terms ; but I make my proposition on this
ground, that it is belter to offer a concession to the Colo-
nies now, which may end the contest within the year, than
to continue the war for three or four years longer, though
with the assurances of complete conquest. In ihe present
situation of affairs, only three propositions can be made :
1. To strengthen our forces and continue the war upon
the present plan ;
2. To recall it from America ; and,
3. To offer terms of conciliation to her.
The first proposition is attended with too great an ex-
pense of men and money, an expense which conquest it-
self would not balance. The second is to subscribe to the
independency of America. The third is that which ap-
pears to me to be the best and wisest. I never thought of
proposing an ullimalum to America. In a contest which
contains so many nice and difficult points, so many mat-
ters which demand future remedies, wilhout any person
present on ihe part of the Colonies might be given in vain.
The danger also of publishing such an ultimatum would
be great ; every word would be critically examined by
jealous powers, and receive an invidious and false con-
struction, or unjust comment. Every proposition would
be blasted before it reached America. If it got there en-
tire, the Colonies by refusing one condiiion would destroy
all. I wish, therefore, for an open conference with Ame-
rica. I think that there is so much affection still left in that
country towards this, that barely to enter on a discussion
is more than half the business. My plan is to open such
a discussion. I shall, therefore, propose, 1st. An act of
Parliament to vest commissioners with very ample powers
for this purpose ; the powers must be ample ; limited pow-
ers can produce no good ; they must be ample as to the
persons with whom they treat, and as to the objects con-
cerning which they treat. As to the persons, tiie present
commissioners have great powers, but the present act must
be full and clear, containing no doubt whether they shall
treat with Congress, with rebels, with persons actually in
arms, whether with a General Assembly of all the Colo-
nies or with the Assembly of a particular Colony. The
only rule to guide the commissioners must be, whether the
persons with whom they treat are authorized so to do. I
shall therefore propose that such persons shall be descri-
bed in the most general words ; there should be no eti-
quette ; tlie time for that is past. As to the objects of the
treaty, they should be as generally described. The com-
missioners should be enabled to treat on all grievances ex-
isting or supposed to exist in the laws of the Colonies or
in the statutes of this realm in all matters, provisions or
things, and on all aids and future contributions to be fur-
nished by the Colonies ; for I have reason to think, from
the declarations of the Colonics, that they are willing to
contribute their share to the public support. This will
make the lie stronger between us. Those who will derive
any advantage from a State, ought to contribute to the
burdens of it; the execution of those powers must receive
the subsequent sanction of Parliament ; but there are some
points in which the opinion of the commissioners must
prevail immediately, as the granting of general and particu-
lar pardons, or a cessation of hostilities. They must have
also another immediate power, more great and extensive,
480
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
founded on the example of an act passed in the reign of
Charles the Second ; the power of suspending acts of Par-
liament. The Colonies have demanded to be put in ihe
situation they were in 1763. I doubt they will never be
placed exactly in the same situation, but perhaps they may
be placed in one not much less advantageous. 'I'he statutes
since that year are many ; many of them arc beneficial to
the Colonies ; many necessary for their dependence as to
trade, and many ouglit to be repeated. All perhaps should
be revised. I would give the commissioners full power to
lake them all into their consideration, and to suspend such
as should be repealed. There is another provision, which
perhaps is a matter of convenience only ; lliey should have
a power of appointing Governors in those Colonies where
His Majesty was used to appoint them. I shall propose
to limit the duration of this act to June 1, 1779. If I was
to stop here the plan would be certainly defective ; defec-
tive in not offering an inducement to the Colonies to treat
with us. They must give up their claim of independency ;
but to induce them to do this, they must be certain of
something fixed and decided. If it is necessary to hold
out an inducement, to all the Colonies collectively, it is
equally necessary to hold it out to each Colony in particular.
Though some may not renounce their independency, some
may, and it will not be said that if the commissioners can-
not treat with all, they shall not treat with any. The Colo-
nies must have some other inducement than mere hopes.
Before the war broke out, I offered a conciliatory propo-
sition to America. I offered it before the sword was drawn.
The ground upon which I made it was that it was just
that the Colonies should contribute to the support of the
government, but that their taxation by Parliament occasion-
ed jealousies in them, of our attempting to throw the bur-
den off our shoulders upon them and of endangering the
security of their assemblies.
This proposition was unfortunate. It was rendered sus-
picious by the supposition of a variety of cases ; it was
misrepresented or misunderstood. I thought it necessary
to shew them, that we were not fighting for taxation. For
I never thought that such taxation would be very beneficial
to us. The stamp was the best duty that could be laid ;
and even that could not have produced much, so great was
the aversion to it. My intent of making this proposition
was to prevent the war, by preserving our rights, and free-
ing them from their jealousies. In many of the assem-
blies there was an inclination to have accepted it, but they
referred it to the Congress. The Congress treated it as
unreasonable and insidious, and rejected it.
War began, and my intention was from the beginning,
at the moment of victory, to have pursued the same pro-
position, in terms obviating all misrepresentations and mis-
understandings concerning it. The principal objections to
it were :
1st. That the Colonies had a sole right of granting their
own money. My proposition looked to a permanent reve-
nue to be granted by them in the first instance. My idea
was, that they should grant their own money in proportion
to our grants, rising and falling with them.
2d. That it was unreasonable, because the quantum was
not ascertained ; but their contribution was afterwards to
undergo the revisal of Parliament. This was not my idea:
my intent was that their proposition should be settled, and
being settled, should always remain the same.
3d. That it was insidious, hecsLUse the Ministry intended
to get one Colony to bid against another. I had no such
intent. The Congress might have settled what each Co-
lony should offer. I will now hold out to the Colonies a
cessation of the e.xercise of taxation, and will not subject
it to any conditions, or to the demand of any specific con-
tributions. My proposition therefore is, an act of Parlia-
ment, grounded on the jealousies of the exercise of the
right of taxation, and on their declarations of their being
willing to contribute, to lake away this exercise absolutely.
trusting to the negotiations of our commissioners for gain-
ing contribuMons from the Colonies ; but I do not mean to
make their grant a sine qua non, but will declare by an act
of l*arhament, that for the future the Parliament will not
tax the Coloiucs for the purpose of raising a revenue ; and
if on account of commerce, that the money so raised shall
be appropriated to the use of the Colonies. I propose this
as an explicit declaration. It may be said, should not the
Colonies give up their claim of independency ? The re-
nunciation of that claim is unplicd in the act itself. It
may be said also, if you give up taxation, what is there
left to fight for ? I never thought taxation a sufficient ob-
ject for the contest ; and upon this idea I made my propo-
sition before the war begun. But I fought for the depen-
dence of America. The Congress claimed independency.
The Colony of Massachusetts Bay claimed it ; and a great
outrage was committed on our merchants. The war has
cost us more than any revenue which could have been
raised from America by Parliament. The contest was for
supremacy. But it may be urged that concessions in time
of war of 80 public a nature, are dangerous. It is the mis-
fortune of this war, mvolved in so many parliamentary
points, to require public steps. The state of our resources
is well known. This concession cannot, therefore, in this
respect, be prejudicial to us.
Our army and navy are great ; our loss can be repaired;
the necessary supplies can be raised, and our customs are
not diminished. But why was not concession made be-
fore ? I am willing that my past conduct should be in-
spected. I never proposed any tax. When I was unfor-
tunate enough (for I still use the word, notwithstanding
the use made of it) to be placed in my present office, [
thought there was a gleam of hope, that the Colonies
would return to their duty. My maxim was, to say nothing
about America ; neither to propose or repeal taxes ; nei-
ther to advance or secede ; but lo remain in total silence.
But when it was necessary to give the East India Com-
pany the power of selling their tea in America, I did not
think it right to repeal the tax. I however diminished it.
A repeal would have been of no service ; for America was
afraid that the East India Company would undersell the
smugglers. A monopoly was also urged. They had in
fact the commodity cheaper than they had it before. If
they deemed this a grievance, they were ready to make
any thing a grievance.
When the war was begun, I thought it necessary to ac-
company our forces with a specific commission ; and the
commissioners were men of abilities, men of lionour, men
of a pacific disposition, men trusted by America ; who
were the most likely to bring about a reconciliation. But
this commission produced no effect, because the claims of
America were so distant. When the sword was drawn,
why did I not make my proposition ? I own I thought
that the war would soon have ended ; and I should have
made it, had America been reduced to unconditional submis-
sion : but misfortunes, misconduct, or a greater natural
force in America than was expected, and which no man
could foresee, have carried on the war to its present length.
I will never own that administration has deceived the
public in wanting to delude ihern into measures which they
thought were ineffectual.
The information laid before Parliament was full. Par-
liament had every paper necessary to form its judgment.
No papers were retained but those only which, for the sake
of the writers, would have been dangerous lo have exposed.
But the deception is, that administration said that in their
opinion the war would soon be at an end. Our army and
navy were great. Sir W. Howe's army was generally
superior to W^ashington's ; and General Burgoyne's army,
when at Fort Edward, was stronger than the enemy's force.
Parliament knew the force sent out as well as the minis-
ter. Ministry promised that the army should be supplied.
The army has been supplied. Ministry promised to raise
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
481
the money necessary for the services. The money lias
been raised. Tlie public therefore has been deceived bv
the event. It may be asiied, what is hkely to be the effect
of the proposition ? The real effect I cannot say ; but it
is a right thing to endeavour to bring about a peace. I do
not see that any other concession can be niade wiitiout ad-
mitting the complete independency of America.
!^ut what would be the effect of that independency ? I
cannot see into futurity ; but it is big wiih many possible
evils. Independency, with a cordial love between us, is one
thing. With a union with our enemies, fatal. From iheir
independency a danger arises from a great naval power ; a
danger also to our other possessions. I do not think that
we should yield to it until our resources are much lowered.
Independency is not beneficial to America. She cannot
be so happy, so easy ; cannot have such personal liberty,
as if she remains dependent on us. If independent, she
must be loaded with lieavy burdens ; more heavy than she
had. Her personal liberty will not be so great.
Her present situation as compared with ours, is ten limes
more grievous. Her farmers are ruined. When all the
necessaries of life sell at prices the most higi), they are
compelled to sell the produce of their land at a small price
in comparison. I was assured that at Albany, lea, a neces-
sary article, there sold at six'een dollars per pound, and
salt at thirty dollars per bushel.
Thinking that men in this situation will be inclined for
peace on just and reasonable terms, I move the House for
leave to bring in two bills, &c. &c.
[Letter from Robert Benson.]
Poiighkeepsie, Jpril 28, 1778. >
10 o'clock, P. M. i
Dr. John — His Excellency, the Governor, havinif been
absent since Saturday, relumed home this evening, when
your letter together with that of Mr. Yates, was delivered
to him. He has ordered Genl. Ten Broeck to march as
many of the militia as Genl. Conway may deem necessary,
to oppose the enemy, and prevent their peneiraling into
the country. 'Tis a strange thing that your northern gen-
try can't let us enjoy all the good reports we receive daily
in this quarter, without being disturbed by the disagreea-
ble sound of the enemy's appearing on the northern fron-
tiers.
Capt. Deane (brother to our Ambassador at the Court
of France,) passed through Fishkill yesterday, (under an
escort of light horse,) with despatches from France to Con-
gress. We remain ignorant of their contents ; but from
report, we apprehend some very interesting treaty to have
taken place between that Court and the United Slates.
What think you of the lowered tone of Lord North's speech,
and the present temper of administration? Does it not
savour strongly of their jealousies of an alliance prejutli-
cial to their measures ? The politicians here, have no
doubts on the subject. I send by this express a parcel of
the militia laws, to be disposed of as you may jiidge proper.
Mrs. Clinton is much indisposed ; all other friends, are
well.
Adieu. Yours, &c.
ROBT. BENSON.
P. S. If any thing that may be depended on relative to
this news, should transpire, I'll send it you.
[John Higgins' plan to burst the Enemy's cannon.]
As I made application to His Excellency, General Lee,
concerning a plan for the interest of America, and in re-
turn to my request, he ordered me to re[)resenl the condi-
tions before your Honourable Board ; and if my saifl plan
proved to effect to bring a certificate from yoijr Honours
relative to the execution. And the condition of the plan
is as follows, viz: to burst the cannons belonging to our
enemies, and that by following my instruments, which by
[Vol ji.] 121
charging one of your cannons, will show the truth of my
plan to execution, and if to success, General Lee is to re-
ward me.
By me, his
JNO. X HIGGINS.
mark. ♦
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Peter Burnet, a prisoner.]
This petition humbly sheweth — I, Peter Burnet, through
spite, am confined in the main guard, on suspicion of rais-
ing men for the Ministerial troops ; which I from my
heart detest and abhor ; which my character will prove to
the contrary, as it is well known I have been consistent
with all rules and regulations of the Continental and Pro-
vincial Congress.
In proof of my character, I call Messrs. John Duffel, Fran-
cis Gaine, Lowder Lawson, Saml. Striplin, Enos Quimby.
To the Hon. Committee of New-York.
[Letter from Genl. Washington.]
New- Fork, August 30, 1776.
Sir — Your favour of this date is just come to hand.
Circumstanced as this army was, in respect to situation,
strength, &c. it was the unanimous advice of a council of
general officers, to give up Long island ; and not by di-
viding our force, be unable to resist the enemy in any one
point of attack. This reason added to some others, par-
ticularly the fear of having our communication cut off from
the main, [of which there seemed to be no small proba-
bility,) and the extreme fatigue our troops were laid under,
in guarding such extensive lines without proper shelter
from the weather, induced the above resolution.
It is the inost intricate thing in the world, sir, to know
in what manner to conduct one's self, with respect to the
militia; if you do not begin many days before they are
wanted, to raise them, you cannot have them in time ; if
you do, they get tired and return, besides being under very
little order or government, whilst in service. However, if
the enemy have a design of serving of us at this place, as
we apprehended they meant to do on Long island, it might
not be improper to have a body in readiness to prevent or
retard a landing of them on the east of Harlem river, if
need be. In haste, and not a little fatigued, I remain with
great respect and esteem, sir,
Yr. most obedt. hble. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
To the Hon. AnM. Yates, Presidt.
of the Congress of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Sam. Loudon.]
Fishkill, 22d.
Sir — This morning I sent off Mr. Campell with the
ordinance, &c. ; since which I received your letter of the
19tli ; you make no mention of the box I sent you by aa
Albany sloop, in care of a gentleman passenger, containing
1200 odd of the constitution. I will insert in my next pa-
per the resolve of ihe Council of the 19lh inst.
You really astonished me by saying, " Your last news-
paper has given exceedingly great dissatisfaction, as well
to the Council of Safety as to the people of Kingston, and
the upper part of Ulster county in general. Many believe
you intended, by your paper, to counteract the ordinance
called the Act of Grace, and render it of no cfTcct ; others,"
&c. Pray, what i.s it these gentlemen mean ? or on what
is it they have placed their objections ? If it be English
news, I had all from the Philadelphia paper, or from some
other papers published on the Continent, for I have not had
an English pnper for a long lime ; I have been puzzling
myself lo know the cause, but for my part, cannot conjec-
ture whal are the parts ihcy object lo.
482
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
The plain truth of the mailer is, I liave enemies, who
are fond of criticisms on my paper, in order to lessen its
credit, who pass al)out their witty remarks ; olfiers, of less
sagacity, but more honesty, catch at iheir remarks, and
so the prejudice takes root ; wlien this opiate is infused,
it produces such reflections, such language, as, " the prin-
ter is ignorant, imprudent, or a secret enemy,"
I am really obliged to you for your friendly hints, but
am sorry you did not point out the exceplional)le parts in
my paper. I cainiot bear to be ill used, and I cannot help
complaining, that rigour, not candour, fills the chair in judg-
ing trie. I am willing to be corrected ; great caution is
necessary ; but too much delicacy in a printer may hurt as
well as help a cause. 'Tis difficult to please every body.
In great haste, I lemain, with great respect, sir,
Your most lible. servt.
SAM, LOUDON.
P. S. If they object against the meruion of the prepara-
tions making against us at home, see the other papers sent
to Convention from Boston and Philadelphia, all mentioned
there.
John McKesson, Esqr.
Secretary Council of Safety, Kingston.
[Letter from S. Loudon.]
Sir — If any of the former resolves of our Congress are
to be continued, let me know, or if you have any new ones
to publish, please let me have them by the bearer. Will
you be so obliging as to favour me with the names of our
Convention, for my almanac ; a day or two hence will be
time enough for this. If you have any newsi from any
quarter, please send me a wrilten narrative of the same ;
to-morrow is the day of our publication.
Sir, your hble. servt.
S. LOUDON.
P. S. I expect the Eastern Post this evening.
John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Alex. McDougall.]
Thursday Morning.
Sir — General Washington wants to know where Briga-
dier WoodhuU lodges ; if you know, send me a line by
the bearer. He also wants the resolve of Congress ex-
tending the allowance of IO5. Penna. for expenses of re-
cruiting in the middle Colonies to the army in the general,
and that at Cambridge in particular. Perhaps this may be
with (he resolve of Congress sent us last winter to recruit.
You will oblige me and the General, if you examine for it,
and if you find it send a copy to
Your hble. servt.
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
Mr. McKesson.
[Address from the Officers of Col. Heyer's Battalion.]
The officers of the battalion commanded at present by
Colonel Heyer, of the city of New-York, beg leave to re-
present, that they some time since delivered in to the Ho-
nourable Committee of Safety, a nomination of their field
ofiicers ; that their battalion then consisted of four compa-
nies ; it is now increased to six ; and the gentleman who
was nominated for their second major, Mr. Samuel Broome,
having declined accepting of that appointment, they take
the liberty to mention Mr. Isaac Sloutenburg as a suitable
person to fill that department. They would likewise be
glad, that Mr. George Fisher should be appointed adjutant,
and Mr. Samuel Loudon quarter-master to said battalion.
They doubt not but the Honourable Congress will speedily
determine upon the arrangement of officers for these asso-
ciated companies, which will greatly contribute to the dis-
cipline of the battalion.
By order of the Officers.
DANIEL SHAW, President.
To the Honourable the Provincial Congress
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from the Committee of Queens county, concerning certain dis*
aflected persons, (prohably in 1770,) while Genl. Woodhull was Pre-
sident.J
• ••••••
Not content with dispensing a scandalous libel ; fabricat-
ing seditious resolves ; declaring our bleeding friends in
Boston the aggressors ; alaruiini^ opposition by our great
loss ; discountenancing our pul)lic prints ; defaming our
respectable Comnuttee of Safety ; denying the authority
of our Horible. Continental Congress ; but begins an open
attack on our grand resource, the Continental currency also.
Hence he asserts — I take no Continental currency, un-
less for a bad debt ; and getting one of these bills on this
ground, expressed his uneasiness to pay it away as soon as
possible : But we see no accounts of the formation of com-
mittees who protested against your spring and fall county
meetings for Deputies : We see no proof of the meeting
previous to their getting powder from the Asia, nor any of
the proscribed being concerned in that affiiir ! Very true ;
for this proof is not in our power. Why, you might have
cited some of their second rate leaders, and by that means
got proof to your satisfaction ! What effects the solemnity
of your Honourable Body might have on them, we do not
presume to determine ; but we have tried the experiment
in our little sphere, and found it entirely in vain. We fear
you are tired, through this long detail.
• •••••••
We arc, sir,
Your very humble servants.
Signed by order.
BENJN. SANDS, Chairman.
P. S. We have cited Timothy Smith, Esqr. an inactive
whig, for interrogation, who evaded attendance on pretence
of business ; we suspect him loo good an evidence to es-
cape your notice, as well as to convince him that all busi-
ness must bend to the preservation of his country.
Col. Nathl. Woodhull, President
of the Hon. Provincial Congress.
[Letter commnnicating resolution relative to Mr. Lawrence's visiting
his family. ]
Sir — Your favour of yesterday relative to Mr. Lawrence,
has been received and taken into consideration. The com-
mittee thereupon came to the following resolution :
Resolved, That Mr. Lawrence's application ought to
have been made to (Jeneral Washington, and is therefore
referred entirely to his discretion.
To the Honourable the Convention
of the Slate of New- York.
[Letter to the Governor of Connecticut.]
Our wish to support the union of America, and to con-
ceal from our enemies those divisions which they have long
predicted, has hitherto kept us from complying with the de-
sire of our constituents, who insist upon our restraining the
exportation of flour and grain from this Stale to Connecticut,
and carrying at the same lime our complaints to the great
Council of America. We have always believed that this
law of which we speak, was hastily passed, and that on
further consideration it would be repealed, and are therefore
unwilling by any precipitate resolution to destroy the har-
mony which we most earnestly wish may ever subsist be-
tween this State and Connecticut. Your Excellency's an-
swer, for which we shall impatiently wait, must determine
our conduct.
The Continental Congress have requested us to procure
a number of cannon for the defence of Hudson's river, and
for the arming our frigates within the same, as a part of that
defence. As they can not be obtained within this State,
we must beg your Excellency to give the necessary orders
for the casting them at Salisbury furnace.
I am, sir, &c.
Gov. Tkumbull.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
483
Resolved, That Mr. Gelston be directed immediately to
repair to His Excellency Govr. Trumbull with the letter
from this committee, read and agreed to this day, and that
he confer with His Excellency on the subject thereof, and
return to this committee with all convenient despatch.
[Letter from Garret More, a tory, to Esquire Lester, of Dutchess
county, afterwards became an avowed tory and removed to Long
island,]
Esquire Lester — Sir : Depend upon it, you will be
visited by a party of men from our part soon.
Your humbl. sert.
GARRET MORE.
God save the King ; the Devil some of our Ministry.
[Letter to the Governor of Connecticut.]
Sir — The Convention of the State of New-York received
your favour of the 1st inst. and are extremely surprised to
find so little notice taken of their complaints about the re-
straints laid on our trade by your State. They had flattered
themselves that during the continuation of this war, all
Ainerica would have been considered as one general State ;
that each would have sacrificed itslittle partial interests to the
general welfare, and that none would have been found suf-
ficiently selfish to derive advantage from the distresses of
those who suffer in this controversy. When New-York
flourished, Connecticut participated in her commerce ; with
us she found a market for her produce, and through us she
obtained many of the conveniences and necessaries of life.
At present our seaports are in the hands of the enemy ;
our merchants, allured by the prospect of gain, are gone to
other States ; and an immense number of people, who
were easily supported by the luxury and trade of an opu-
lent city, are now become a burthen to this distressed and
harassed country. Perhaps, sir, we might with some ap-
pearance of justice, have expected that our more happy
neighbours who have grown rich by the war, would have
shared the weight of calamities which a common enemy
have brought upon us. But as this requires a degree of
generosity which few States possess, we contented our-
selves with hoping for justice only, which we can not help
thinking you have greatly infringed by the law for laying
an embargo in your State ; for we, if we suppose that laws
of trade are not one of the objects of our confederation, and
that each State may impose such as it deems best without
regard to the general interest ; yet surely the laws of no
State should extend farther than its own trade, nor should
they be calculated to monopolize that of other States which
your embargo most evidently does ; for as we are now
without a seaport, our only trade must be with the eastern
States, and the produce we purchase must be transported
through Connecticut. However just it may be, (for gene-
rosity is, it seems, out of the question,) to prevent our sup-
plying ourselves at your markets, yet surely nothing can
be more repugnant to justice than to hinder our transport-
ing through your State such commodities as we purchase
either of Massachusetts or Rhode Island, since this is in
fact to make yourselves masters of the trade of three States,
who are each as independent as Connecticut. Besides, sir,
that this law is totally inconsistent with the regard you pro-
fess for the general welfare ; for, if instead of alleviating,
every State endeavours to add to each other's distresses,
many will think it more prudent to yield to the tyranny of
Great Britain, than to be ruined by the rapacity of their
brethren. We arc hurt to find that the laws of Connecti-
cut undermine that freedom which her sword endeavoured
to support.
Nothing but our respect for your Excellency's character
keeps us from viewing the expedient you propose as a di-
rect insult.
You inform us that Mr. Canfield will be instructed to in-
dulge the transportation of such quantities, for family use
in our State, as shall appear needful, consistent with the
interest of both States. Your Excellency must be sensi-
ble of the great inconvenience that will arise from riding,
in many instances 40 or 50 miles to Mr. Canfield, to obiaia
a permit for a cart load of goods ; a permit too, which he
is not to grant unless it shall appear needful. By what
rule, sir, is he to judge of our necessities? Is every family
in the State of New-York to make known their wants to
him, and to import only so much as will satisfy those
wants ? Is trade to be entirely destroyed, and every man
to become his own factor, to quit his farm, or his profes-
sion, and to ride after Mr. Canfield for permits.
If so, we expect, at least from your Excellency's wis-
dom, some good reason for these restraints ; for we are un-
willing to suppose that they arise from the selfish desire of
reducing the price of goods in the States of Massachusetts
and Rliode Island, by confining their sale to your State,
thereby lessening their natural mart, and ruining all others
who need their commodities.
[Draft of a letter to the Indians.]
Brethren— We have invited you to a friendly talk around
our ancient council fire after the manner of your and our
forefathers, who imparted to each other every thing that
regarded their common safety, and unitedly consulted and
resolved upon such measures necessary to be pursued in
times of public danger — around that fire, which, though
now removed from Albany to this place for your conve-
nience, burns as bright we hope as ever it did.
Brethren, our forefathers, the setders of Albany, natives
of the United Netherlands, as far back as we can trace
them, were a part of a very brave, generous and free peo-
ple ; very tenacious of their privileges, and who had been
above forty years engaged in a war with the king of Spain,
because he demanded and levied taxes and other duties on
them which they never had consented to grant; upon their
arrival at Albany, they there found your forefathers a like
generous and free people, composed of five nations, who
had entered into a union, and held all the other nations from
Georgia to Nova Scotia, either in subjection to or awe of
them, though indeed, at that time they were in the greatest
distress on account of a defeat, (by their enemies joined by
Champlain near St. Johns in Canada,) occasioned by the
use of fire arms and the appearance of Hudson at that
juncture in a ship, an unusual sight to them.
Brethren, those, your and our brave, generous and free
forefathers met in a very brotherly manner, and entered
into a covenant of friendship, by which the Dutchess be-
came a bright link in the chain, allowing each other to enjoy
the blessings of the great God in peace and in their own
several ways ; for God makes no kind of difference be-
tween people whether white or brown, nor prefers the in-
habitants of one place to those of another. The belt then
given as a token of that covenant, we now show unto yo\i
to excite in your breasts those sentiments of love which
they then felt for each other, and which wc still feel for
you.
Brethren, this covenant afterwards improved, was con-
firmed to you and us by your and our forefathers in 1665,
one year after this country went over to the crown of Eng-
land ; since which, our confederacy have admitted the four
New-England governments and all the southern Colonies,
together with the Tuscaroras, as links in the same great
chain.
This covenant has been kept so sacred by your and our
forefathers, that they never have attempted to violate it,
either under the most distressing calamities, or in limes of
greatest prosperity ; and we mean as long as we live, and
hope your and our posterity will strive as freemen to main-
lain and preserve it as long as the sun and the moon shall
endure.
Brethren, we have been informed that a report has pre-
vailed among you, that we were preparing to cut you off;
and that some of you were apprehensive it might be true.
484
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &:c.
Your grief and anguish on lliat occasion we yet observe in
your coiinlctiance. Take this belt which we give to you,
to dry up your lears and remove fronn your liearls all malice
and anuer, that we may look upon and speak to each other
in confidence.
Brethren, since the revolutions which happened in this
country in 1664, 1672 and 1673, we have considered the
King of (ireal Britain as llie common father of our brethren
those of you and of ourselves, and whose power as king,
extended equally to us all. The English law was designed
to secure to all the king's people those rights which the
great God gave to you and us in common with all freemen,
who can no longer be free than while they share in making
laws, by which ihey are to be bound and liave the entire
disposal of iheir own property. By that law, when the
king wants to make a new law, or to raise money for the
gdverninent and defence of his people in England, he is
oi)liged 10 meet his sul)jecls in their own great council and
obtain their consent. In cases where we are to be bound
by a new law or to grant moneys to the king our con-
sent is also necessary, but our voices, separated as we arc
from that great council by the vast water, cannot be heard
amongst them.
Bieiliren, in this path we have walked, though sometimes
discontentedly, as our brethren on the other sicie of the great
water forgot to do to us as they choose to be done by, and
abused that power which we saw necessary they should
be pciinitied to exoicise ; so that we are obliged in many
iiisiaiices to sell our produce to them only, and buy theirs,
though wilh many articles we could be belter and more
cheaply supfilied at other places : they have even hindered
us from manufacturing some of our own produce ; when
at the same lime not a pipe full of tobacco, not a skin, from a
bear's to a caiskin, but tiiey have subjected to duties, some
of which are as high as the price remaining to the owner,
so that we cannot give you as iriuch for your skins as our
brctliren's hearts would wish without a loss to ourselves.
Jl has been the usage in all these colonies, on their first
settling on each of them, to have within one great council,
in which the king's governor, when he wanted a new law
to be passed or moneys to be raised on the people, had a
fri(Midly talk with them and asked their consent; but as
tlic king lives in England, and he makes treaties for him-
self and all his children wilh oiher trading nations, and the
great council of England by their ships of war protect our
commerce, we saw a necessity for allowing that great coun-
cil lo regulate the trade of those colonies. All this we have
sutTered rather than have any difference with our brethren
in England, well considering the difficulties always attend-
ing disputes among brethren. But at the close of the last
War the great council in England assumed a right to bind
us by their laws in all cases whatsoever, which with us has
the same signification as when you tell your prisoner he is
your dog.
These attempts of our brethren to make dogs of us we
liave constantly remonstrated against to our king and to
them, but lo no effect ; our petitions have been treated with
contempt, our breiiiren in England still raise their voices
against us; nothinu will satisfy them but the power lo open
our pouches and lake from us what ihey think proper. This
liowever we are determined not to suffer, lest ihey should
not leave us the common necessaries of life, nor even the
materials to keep up the flame of our ancient council fire
with you.
Brethren, in talking thus far to you, we have reminded
you of the ancient covenant that subsisted between your
and our forefathers, and we hope siill subsists between you
and us and your oihcr while breiliren in this country, and
have acquainted yuu with the unjust demands of your bre-
thren on the oiher side of the great water, and the reason
why we refuse to connply with them ; we shall next inform
you how we propose lo extricate ourselves from our diffi-
culties, for we mean to acquaint you wilh every step we
have taken or shall hereafter lake, and to unbosom our-
selves with confidence lo you, so that you may read our
hearts.
Brethren, all the colonies on this Continent that have
been admitted into the chain of friendship witli you, are
equally concerned in the present opposition to our brethren
on the other side of the great water, and are all confederated
together in a most solemn mannei never to become slaves,
nor to suffer our brethren in Great Britain to put their hands
into our pockets to take from them what ihcv judge proper,
contrary to our laws and without our consent.
Brethren, the distance of your habitations from ours, and
a belief that we were capable of transacting the things ne-
cessary for our defence without putting you to any trouble,
were the reasons why we have not before this time acquaint-
ed you witli our grievances, conceiving at the same time,
that you might have received a just and true representation
of our quarrel wilh our brethren on the other side of the
great water ; but as we are now told that our measures
have been misrepresented lo you, we think it high lime to
uiideceive you by giving you a true slate of facts, and now
proceed to relate to you what we have already done, and
what we propose to do for the future, unless a reconcilia-
tion should take place upon sure and good ground, which
we ardently wish and pray for from the bottom of our hearts;
in doing this, we hope lo strengthen the old covenant and
brighten the chain of friendship with you.
We your white brethren, in this great country, have
agreed not to buy any more goods from our brethren on the
other side of the great water until they comply with our
reasonable request, and if they persist until tlie first of
September next, we will not sell ihem any of our own pro-
duce ; they have now a large army and navy at Boston em-
ployed to force us to a compliance wilh their unjust de-
mands, and even have killed a few of our people and burnt
one of our towns. To defend our brethren of Boston against
such violence we have been obliged to raise a large army
to repel force by force and to block up the king's troops in
the town of Boston, lo prevent their committing any farther
ravages in the country. This army consists of upwards
of 20,000 men, who have already wilh little loss gained se-
veral advantages over those of our brethren who have now
become our enemies, and in the last battle have, by the
best accounts, killed and wounded at least a thousand of
their men, and several officers of great rank. They now
endeavour to hinder us from gelling powder and arms,
meaning thereby to distress us and obtain their ends ; but
as we greatly exceed them in numbers, and are busily em-
ployed in making ammunition and guns, we hope noi only
lo furnish ourselves, but to be able to supply you ; and we
can assure you that our industry and art shall not be want-
ing lo make and procure all the other necessaries both for
ourselves and you. Nay, rather than submit, we are re-
solved lo follow the noble example of your glorious fore-
fathers, to dress ourselves in skins and fight with bows and
arrows. We have so great an opinion of the justice of our
cause, that we expect the Great God will smile upon us
and direct our counsels.
For although we think that by the measures of wicked
designing men and evil counsellors about the throne, the
measures planned and in part executed, have been thus un-
justifiable, oppressive and violent, yet we can by no means
harbour a thought of separation from our parent Slate, un-
less we are necessarily and from self preservation drove to
it. We glory in being connected wilh Britain and subjects
of a free State, whose constitution abhors the idea of servi-
tude, and will not allow of the least infringement or dimi-
nution of the liberlies and privileges even of one individual,
so tender is it of its honour, and so attentive to its preser-
vation ; well knowing that if the spark is suffered in one
instance to kindle, it may increase the fire and mount into
a blaze, and become destructive of the whole. But so se-
parated have been the sparks kindled wilh us, that we must
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
485
all hands turn too to extinguish this great fire or we may
be burnt up and destroyed.
We are sorry to inform you that it is reported that Col.
Johnson has piopagated among the Five Nations that the
white people intend to fall upon you and cut you off; the
truth of this report we have great reason to believe, when
we consider that while he was at New- York it was said
that application had been or would be made by him to you
to take up the hatchet against our brethren of New-Eng-
land ; when Col. Johnson arrived at Albany, three gentle-
men waited on him for information on tliis subject ; he then
asserted that the report was false, and that he had no such
orders ; that the Indians were perfectly contented ; that he
would stand neuter in our controversy, and that if any ap-
plication sfiould be made to the Indians, he gave them the
highest intimations that he would let the people of Albany
know thereof, which we expected were his real intentions,
and cannot but be astonished at his conduct since ; not long
after, he ordered Mr. Kirkland, an Indian missionary, not to
return to Oneida, and not to speak to any Indian upon pain
of imprisonment ; he fortified his house, kept a large num-
ber of people about the same ; stopped aild searched peo-
ple travelling the king's road ; interrupted the people of
Tryon county in their meetings for the choice of commit-
tees, and falsely insinuated to the Mohawks that their coun-
cil fire would be extinguished and himself taken captive by
the Boston people ; convinced however that his apprehen-
sions were groundless, he ordered a meeting of the Five
Nations at his own house, and notwithstanding the fullest
assurance that his person and property would be protected
by us if he did not interfere with or interrupt our measures
of defence, he made the people l)elieve that he intended
to meet the Indians at Mr. Thompson's, to which place he
moved with his wife and children, and escorted by a large
number of armed men ; from thence moved with the same
pretence to Fort Stanwix, and so on to Oswego, When at
Fort Stanwix, he ordered Folmer to be seized and tied,
hand and foot, and told you he had a right by law to cut
his head off; then he upbraided you for receiving provi-
sions and presents from the people of the German Flats,
alleging that he ***** *
[Letter from Stephen Case.]
Dear Sir — I make bold to trouble you on a subject
which I take to be of some consequence to the cause of
liberty, viz : the affair of Henry Cropsy, William Mitchel
and William Wygant, all three my near neighbours, who
I am informed are sent it.to New-]Eng!and. I really fear
they are wrongfully accused, and are suffering innocently,
by means of some false, malicious accusers. Indeed, I
have strong reason to believe that some tory has accused
them, in order to have them punished by whigs for their
whiggish principles. As to Mr. Cropsy, he served a long
time as a committee man, spent much time and money ;
one of his sons is an ensign in my company, a good offi-
cer, the rest of his sons good obedient soldiers. Mr.
Mitchel has also been a committee man, and always acted
friendly towards his country, as far as I ever knew or
heard. Mr. Wygant is a poor illiterate man, but has suf-
fered and been at much expense in the cause, by support-
ing two or three families whose husbands have entered and
are now in the service of the United Slates. All this I am
well knowing to. Now, sir, as they are men of estates,
and could give good security for their continuing wherever
ordered, do you not think it would be best to send for them
back and put them to bail ? Please to lay the affair before
the Honble. Convention. Could I believe they were guilly
of the least thing inimical to their country, I should not
have dirtied this paper for them ; but iniless I am better
convinced, I conclude I was really serving the cause in
doing it. Pardon prolixity.
I am, sir, your friend to serve,
STEPHEN CASE.
To John McKesson, Esq.
[Vol. II. J 122
[List of charges against the persons from the City of Albany, sent to
Hartford, in Connecticut.]
Abraham C. Cuyler's openly and avowedly countenanc-
ing of, and associating with, such persons as were sus-
pected of being unfriendly to the American cause, without
having regard to the rank or character of such persons,
and frequently speaking in the most violent terms against
the cause of America, amongst which he said the King's
standard would be hoisted before the first day of June last
past. It being asked who would hoist it, he answered it
would be done, and rather than that it should not be done,
he would do it himself. At another time he mentioned
that if twelve or fourteen of the ringleaders out of the
town of Albany were hanged, matters would not be carried
as they now are, to deprive the people of their just rights
by their arbitrary proceedings ; that he was a friend to the
constitution of Great-Britain, and good order and govern-
ment, and that England never meatit to distress America,
and that we brought the war upon ourselves : and that the
Americans were acting in open rebellion, and that many of
the Congress had sinister views, and meant only to make
their fortunes. And further, that he has, by artful and in-
sinuating speeches, endeavoured to depreciate the Conti-
nental currency. It would be needless to enumerate the
many and scandalous speeches he has made use of against
his bleeding country, as a farther confirmation, in our opi-
nion, of his unfriendly behaviour. He was apprised of
almost every disaster that happened to our troops before
the news came by express to us, and made mention of the
manoeuvres of the British army, the intention of the In-
dians in going to Canada, and many other circumstances
of the like kind, which have since come to pass.
It has also appeared from an affidavit of one Brando, of
Cattskill, that one Jansen, of the same place, asked him
(Brando) whether he could keep a secret, and on being
answered in the affirmative, Jansen asked said Brando to
go with him in about five weeks thereafter to New-Wind-
sor, with a good gun and five days provisions ; that there they
would meet the King's troops, and that he (Jansen) iiad
been to the mayor's, in Albany, for advice ; all which is a
farther evidence in our opinion against him. Besides, the
prisoners taken at St. Johns, the rabble from every part of
the country in his house found a safe asylum and welcome
reception, provided they called themselves tories. To re-
capitulate the many instances of baseness and perfidy
practised by him would be tiresome to us to write, as well
as to you to read.
Stephen DeLancey's continual intercourse with Sir John
Johnson, and his free and indecent speeches against the
Congress, our army, and America, are part of our charges
against him. From the beginning of our troubles his
visiting Sir John was more frequent than formerly ; any
movements of our army, or debates in committee, (he
being a member) were matters talked in common at John-
son hall. Col. Dayton's regiment being ordered on a
secret expedition, it was imagined they were going to
Johnstown ; Mr. DeLanccy went to Mr. Schuyler's, at the
Flats, hired a man to conduct him to Gunsalis's, in Nisle-
gaone, importuned said man to convey him to a place called
Hermitage, the residence of John Duncan, from whence it is
more than probable that notice was sent Sir John, as an
express from General Schuyler at that time to Sir John,
met yoimg Duncan coming from Johnstown, and before
Sir John opened General Schuyler's letter, asked the ex-
press how far the troops were advanced ; his drinking
damnation to the Congress, and calling himself a tory, is
notorious to many ; his lemarks about the marching and
countermarching of our troops in this city in order to make
a great show of a few men, is proved against him ; iiis
associating with the enemies of our country, paying no re-
gard to circumstances or character, are too evident to need
any commenting on ; his frequent and ungcntlemanliko
remarks against our oflicers and the army in general, are
well known amongst us. In short, his general conduct
486
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
was such as rendered him obnoxious to every well wisher
to America in those parts.
John Duncan's depcndance on government in some mea-
sure rendered him suspicious. His harbouring Colo. Allen
McLean, when passing through this country, evidently
showed his intention. His house appearing to us as a
place of rendezvous for all our enemies, Mr. DeLancey's
roundabout road of going to his house, and manner of
communicating the news of CoUo. Dayton's march to Sir
John, (as appears in charge against Mr. DeLancey) to-
gether with Captain Gray's letter, herewith sent, are cir-
cumstances too glaring to pass unnoticed.
Benjamin Hilton, since his behaviour as set forth in No.
3, has still persisted in a similar line of conduct, by asso-
ciating with the enemies of our country, and frequently
testifying his disapprobation of the measures we were pur-
suing : his drinking the King's health the fourth day of
June last can be likewise proved.
[Pay list of the Navy of the United States.]
The pay of the officers and men shall be as follows :
Captain or Commander, 32 dollars per calendar month.
, , 20
do
do
. , 20
do
do
do
do
, . 15
do
do
Boatswain's first mate,..
.. 9i
do
do
. 8
do
do
do
do
.. 2IJ
do
do
do
do
.. m
do
do
do
do
.. m
do
do
,. 15
do
do
do
do
do
do
.. 20
do
do
do
do
.. 261
do
do
do
do
8
do
do
.. 7J
do
do
do
do
.. 7i
do
do
.. 6i
do
do
12
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
.. 8
do
do
do
do
.. 9
do
do
The above is a copy of a paper transmitted from Philadelphia by
Mr. Jay, one of the Continental Delegates to the subscriber.
ALEXR. McDOUGALL.
• This is for the very best seamen, you pay the others according
to their respective merits.
[Affidavit of Thomas Foster, of the cruelty of the Hessians to the
prisoners taken at the battle of Long island.]
Thomas Foster of full age being duly sworn, deposeth
and saith, that he was a soldier in the first battalion of the
Pennsylvania riflemen, commanded by Colo. Miles ; that
he was made a prisoner on Long island ; that immedialaly
after he was made a prisoner he was stripped by the Hes-
sians of all his clothes, except his frock and a pair of
drawers ; that after they had stripped him, they put a cord
about his neck and hanged him up to the limb of a tree,
where they suffered him to remain until he was almost
strangled ; that they then cut him down and gave him a
little rum to recover his spirits ; that they repeated this
cruel sport three times successively ; that he has frequently
heard it said among the British troops that the Hessians
hanged several of our prisoners, and further this deponent
says not.
THOS. FOSTER,
mark.
Examined and sworn in the presence of
Genl. McDougall,
John Sloss Hodart,
Nathl. Sacket,
William Duer.
[The request of Genl. Howe, Govr. Tryon and Jno. Johnson, that a bat-
talion of royal volunteers be raised in Albany County.]
By the request of the Honourable Wdliam Howe, Ge-
neral and Commander of his Majesty's forces in America,
and William Tryon, Esqr. Governor in and for the Pro-
vince of New-York, and likewise by the desire of Sir
John Johnson, Bart, that a battalion of loyal volunteers
be enlisted in the county of Albany to serve m and for the
Province of New- York, and for the preservation of their
lives and properly, and more especially to shew ilieir loy-
ally and affection to his majesty, in order to assist in re-
storing public peace and tranquillity in this distressed coun-
try, as they cannot expect any friendship or protection from
his Majesty's forces, if they do not do iheir uimost en-
deavours to assist his Majesiy in subduing and conquering
his rebellious subjects, in order to bring ihem to condign
punishment ; therefore for the more speedy and in the most
secret manner, a battalion of loyal volunteers be enlist-
ed and each officer and private volunteer to take an oath
to keep secret every thing ihat shall be communicated to
them by their superior officers ; that L H. Esqr. is chosen
and appointed colonel and commandant of said battalion
of loyal volunteers and each company is at least to con-
sist of fifty rank and file, with one captain, one lieutenant,
one ensign, and when raised and joined his Majesty's for-
ces, each officer and private volunteer will receive the
same pay, clothing, arms and accoutrements as any other
enlisted American volunteer, and be entitled to the same
lands as any regular soldier ; the said loyal volunteers will
be discharged with the first American battalion.
[Letter from Jacobus Hardenbnrgh.]
Hurley, 30th October, 1777.
Gentn. — I take the liberty to acquaint you that some
time ago one Capt. McDonald, late an officer in the ser-
vice of the British king, and Mr. Colden, came to ray
house without my consent or approbation, and after being
with me a few days, made application, and obtained li-
berty of the Council of Safety to continue with me upon
their respective parol, which has been very prejudicial to
me, both in character and property ; my neighbours censur-
ing me for suffering those men to remain in my house, and
the Continental troops lately in this town threatening me
and destroying my property on account thereof, for wiiich,
and other reasons, I beg that the said Capt. McDonald
and Mr. Colden may be speedily removed from my house,
to such place as you shall think proper, for I cannot con-
sent to keep them any longer. Your compliance gentlemen
with this, my request, will much oblige.
Your most hble. servt.
JACOBUS HARDENBURGH.
The Honourable the Council
of Safety of the State of New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
487
[Letter from the Albany Committee.]
Mbany, 29ik Ocir. 1777.
HoND. Sir — I am directed by the committee lo enclose
you a petition of Mr. John Monier, praying their recom-
mendation to the Honourable Major-General Gates for a
pass to New-York, &c. Although the committee have not
tlie least objection to the granting of Mr. Monier's request,
yet they do not choose to do it till they have the opinion of
tiie Council thereon. The Council vk'ill therefore be pleas-
ed to favour llie committee with their sentiments on Mr.
Monier's request, and on applications of the Uke nature.
I am hond. sir, with great respect.
Your most obt. servt.
By order.
MAT. VISSCHER, Secy.
Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
[Letter from John Barclay, Esqr. Chairman of the Committee of
Albany, requesting the loan of £2000.]
Albany Committee Chamber, >
Octr. 24t/», 1777. J
Present — John Barclay, Esqr. Chairman.
Messrs. Abraham Cuyler, John Tayler, Jacob Bleeker, Junr. Peter
Ryckman, Mynderl Roseboom, Henry Maiselis, Philip Van Rensse-
laer, Hezekiah Van Orden, Peter Bratt, John M. Beeckman, Isaac D-
Fonda, Harmanus Wendell, Isaac Van Aernam, John Price, Abraham
I. Yates.
Resolved, That the following letter be sent by express
to the Council of Safety, and that he be directed to wait
the answer of the Council thereon, viz :
HoND. Sir — The fluctuating state of our affairs has
prevenied us from transmitting the public accounts. We
are indebted several considerable sums of money, for the
want of which our credit suffers much. We would there-
fore beg the favour of the Council to remit us by the bear-
er, two thousand pounds, for which sum, together with
those formerly received, we shall be accountable.
\Vo are your very humble servts.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Council of Safety.
[Clothes furnished the men of the sloop of war Hudson.]
Marbletown, 25th Oclr. 1777.
Memorandum of sundries necessary for the men belong-
ing to the sloop Hudson, Henry Benson master.
For 6 men : 12 shirts, 6 over jackets, 6 under do., 6 pr.
trousers, 12 pr. stockings, 6 pr. shoes, 1 pr. leather
breeches.
For Capt. Benson : 1 over jacket, flannel for 2 under
iackets, 2 pr. stockings, 2 shirts, 6 yds. linen.
HENRY BENSON.
[Letter from Governor Trumbull, relative to prisoners sent from this
State to Connecticut.]
Hartford, 20lh Octr. 1777.
Sir— Your letter of the 8lh instant, by Peter Cantine,
Esqr. was duly received, who hath brought hither the pri-
soners therein mentioned, excepting such as made their
escape by the way. It seems there is a diversity of cir-
cumstances among those persons as to iheir criminality.
Some are said lo be under sentence of death ; the case of
others more or less aggravated, &c. which may require
diff'erent treatment and care in their confinement, which
makes a further discrimination of tlioir circumstances ne-
cessary ; which you are desired to communicate to Eze-
kiel WiUiams, Esqr. of Weathersfield, commissary of
prisoners. A correspondence with him on the subject of
those prisoners will be sufficient for the purpose.
There are such numbers of prisoners in this State as
renders the reception and security of iliose you have now
sent difficult. Am therefore to desire your Slate would
take further order for their safe custody, as soon as cir-
cumstances will permit.
It said by the commissary of prisoners, that he cannot
obtain provisions of the commissary for State prisoners, a
distinction being made between them and prisoners of war;
and that he must be under a necessity of sending to your
State for the article of flour, which he cannot otherwise
obtain. I presume his request for that purpose will be
complied with.
I am, with esteem and regard, sir.
Your most obedient, hble. servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Honble. Wm. Floyd.
[Letter from Gouvr. Morris.]
Friday Morning,
Sir — I am informed that I have the order of Council to
attend Congress. From the best information I can collect,
it is evident to me that I must expend more money in this
business than the public allowance amounts to. I do not
mention this because the allowance is too small ; but as I
am confident that I shall not be able to return before the
spring, and as I have already expended so much in ihe
public service as to impair my finances, I shall be glad the
Council will order me an advance from the treasury.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your most obedient and humble servant,
GOUVR. MORRIS.
Honble. the President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Abm. B. Bancker, at Marbletown.]
Marbletown, Octr. 25th, 1777.
Gentlemen — At the late destruction of Kingston, I
was so unfortunate (among other friends to the country) as
to lose my whole slock of clothes, saving some light sum-
mer things ; and am now so scant, that I am obliged to
request your Honourable Body will please to grant me an
order for such necessaries from the State store, as the ap-
proaching season of the year will call for. Should you,
gentlemen, think fit to confine the order to a few things, I
must in particular request it for the following :
Three or four pair stockings, 2 or 3 do. shoes, 2 or 3
vests and breeches, cloth for 1 pair overalls, and 1 pair
leather breeches.
Your compliance with which will greatly oblige,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
ABM. B. BANCKER,
Commy. Prisoners War, State N. York.
The Honourable Council of Safety.
[Letter from Mat. Visscher.]
Albany, October 23, 1777.
Dear Sir — I enclose you a copy of the articles of Con-
vention, and an estimate of the enemy's loss to ihe north-
ward ; which is certainly very moderate, and in my opinion
is less than it really is.
Should the piratical and destructive Vaughan and Wal-
lace, venture up the river lo this place, iliey will, I am
confident, meet with their deserts ; for sure am I that llie
troops here, will give them no quarters ; they are so exas-
perated at their burning defenceless towns and houses, that
they would even sacrifice Uicm in cold blood.
We have here about G.OOO troops, two brigades of whom
set off to-day, towards the Highlands; one will go down iho
east side and tiie other the west side of ihc river, I am told.
As soon as Vaughan hears of this, he will pusli down,
where 1 believe he will not be long at rest ; for I believe
New-York is the object of the norlhern army, and if my
conjocltire of Fort Montgomery be riglit, the enemy can
nol hold it long, as Antony's Nose commands it.
488
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
We have Biirgoyne and the other generals yet in town,
ihey set off to-day for Boston. The German prisoners are
by this lime, at Ivmderhook ; how many of tliem will ever
go on board the transports, we as ycl, cannot guess at ;
but the anxiety these people have to remain in this country,
convinces every one, that not more than one-lliird will ever
leave the American shore. Query : will we not now gel
Lee, for one of the northern generals. Great pity Knip-
hausen was killed in the engagement near German Town,
as Howe, before he knew Kniphauseu was killed, propo-
sed an exchange.
Mrs. Yates, Miss Sookie and the family arc well ; how
do you like the capitulation.
1 am yours sincerely,
MAT. VISSCHER.
Mr. Yates.
[Letter from his Excellency, Genl. Washington.]
Head-Quarters, >
Morristown, February 20, 1777. J
Gentn. — I have been honoured with your letter of the
13lh inst. You may rest assured, thai the silualion of
our officers in the enemy's hands, claims much of my at-
tenlion ; and that il is my wish to give them the earliest
relief. Every exciiange that has been directed by me,
was meant to be made on the principles you politely men-
tion. Il did happen, however, owing perhaps as mucli to
the miscarriage of ihe lists transmitted, or their not gelling
to hand before the exchanges were made, as to any design
in Mr. Loring, that some officers were released, whose
confinement was not so early as that of others. This pro-
ceeding I remonstrated against, and most probably the like
will not be done again. The case of the gcnilcmen you
particularly notice, shall not escape me ; and they shall
obtain, as far it may be in my power, an equal exchange
with the rest, regarding the circumstances of their rank
and the time of their captivity. There yet remain some
officers taken in Canada, to be discharged from their pa-
rol s.
Since my last, nothing of importance has occurred in
the military line; however, I think it extremely probable,
nay almost certain, that the enemy are on the point of mak-
ing a push. The particular object they have in view, I
cannot determine. Such of their troops as have returned
from Rhode Island, have landed at Amboy with some
heavy artillery ; and otir information is, that Genl. Howe
and Lord Peircy are with them.
I have the honour to be.
With great respect, gentn.
Yr. most obedt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
P. S. On the morning of the 18th, Colo. Neilson, of
Brunswick, with a detachment of militia, surprised a party
of Genl. Skinner's regiment, under Major Hogdon, whom
he took, and 59 privates, killing 4, and bringing off 63
gland of arms and some blankets. Tiiis balances their
(the British troops,) taking a militia guard of ours (about
the same number,) near the Hook, last week.
ILetter from the Governor, relative to Mr. Golden, and referring him
to the Council of Safety.]
Hurley, 21si. Octobr. 1777.
Gentlemen — The bearer Mr. Colden, has been with
me for a pass to return home, and continue at his own
house as a prisoner on parol to the State.
When Mr. Coldon was put on parol by the Council of
Safety, his parol was taken to the Governor, but being
afterwards taken in custody by your Honourable Board
his parol in my opinion, wa^ at an end. In this point of
•view I considered the matter when he applied to me at
New-Windsor, and therefore referred him to the Council.
I don't consider myself empowered to make him a prison-
er now. I confiae none but such as I have reason to be-
lieve are in the enemy's service, spies, or those under my
command as militia, for disbedience of orders, ice.
I must therelore, beg you will take Mr. Colden's case
into consideration, and give him a decisive answer, either
by making him a prisoner, or suffering him to go at large,
as in your wisdom, you shall judge best.
I am with great respect.
Your most obed. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honourable Pierre Van Cobtlandt.
[Letter from Richd. Varickiat Albany.]
Many, October Hth, 1776.
Sir — I do myself the honour to enclose a copy of a let-
ter from General Arnold, to Major-General Gates, which
was this day received by General Schuyler, when on his
way to Saratoga ; and enclosed to me with directions to
send a copy thereof to the Convention.
I congratulate my countrymen on the valor and gallant-
ry our olficcrs and men appear to have evinced on the
occasion. This may serve once more to convince our
enemies that Americans will, and dare fight lliem, &c. &c.
&c. though superior in numbers and strength.
I am, sir,
Your most obedt. and very humble servt.
RICHD. VARICK.
P. S, Our fleet consisted of sixteen sail, and about
eight hundred officers and men. The vessels lost were of
small force. R. V.
To the President of the Convention
of the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Zeph. Piatt, relative to removing cattle from Nort
river.]
Poughkeepsie Octo. 12th, 1777.
Sir — Agreeable to the orders of His Excellency, the
Governor, I have ordered out the associated exempts in
this county ; about eighty of which are now here, by order
of Gen. Putnam, to assist the committee in carrying into
execution the resolution of the Convention, for removing
the provisions and slock ; also to leave all the craft.
I arrived here this day, and have given out orders, and
detached parties for the accomplishment of the business ;
but before their march, we received information that Gen.
Gales, had obtained a complete victory over Burgoyne,
and that the latter had retreated with great precipitation
leaving his heavy baggage, and wounded. Should this
prove to be the case, I should ihink the necessity of re-
moving the slock was superseded. I have, therefore,
thought proper to defer the execution of the order, until
I could receive the advice from your Honourable Body;
which I pray you to send by the return of the express.
I shall wait until ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
I have the honour to be, sir.
Your very humb. servt.
ZEPHA. PLATT.
P. S. I am sorry to inform you, that the records of this
County, which were removing with the Clerk, to the east-
ern part of the county, were taken from him by force, on
Thursday night, by persons unknown.
To the Honl. Pieere Van Cortlandt,
President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Jas. Duane, at Yorktown.]
Yorktoun, Oct. 10th, 1777.
Sir — Although I wrote to your Excellency yesterday,
and gave you the best account in my power of the battle of
Saturday ; some further information having arrived since,
I think it my duty to communicate it.
For this purpose, I beg to refer you to the enclosed copy
of a letter from a gentleman of distinction who was an
eye witness to the proceedings of that day. All accounts
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
489
agree that the fog alone, which prevented our army from
knowing the fliglit and consternation of the enemy, depriv-
ed us of a complete victory.
General Washington, since the battle, has been joined
by General Varnum's brigade, consisting of one thousand
two hundred rank and file continentals ; and at least, an
equal number of militia ; so that you may expect soon to
hear of another attack, for he is stronger now than in the
last engagement.
It is strongly reported that the Delaware frigate, which
was eiiher given up by treachery, (surrendered, or lost by
an accident of fire, as some say.) is retaken. It will, if
true, be of more importance than you may at first imagine,
as the preservation of the water defences of the River
Delaware, greaily depends upon retaking this ship out of
the liands of the enemy.
I have nothing to add, but that
I am, most respectfully sir.
Your Excellency's most obedient, and
Very huml. servt.
JAS. DUANE.
To His Excellency Governor Clinton.
[Letter from P. R. Livingston, concernins; resolves.]
FishkUl, Odor, fi, 1776.
Dear Sir — I am ordered by the Convention, to forward
you the enclosed resolves.
Your very humbl. servt.
PETER. R. LIVINGSTON, President.
[Letter to Govr. Clinton, from Yorktown, Pennsylvania. 1
Yorkloivn, Pennsylvania, 3d October, 1777.
Sir — I wrote to your Excellency from Lancaster, cover-
ing a copy of General Washington's letter to Congress,
which explains the causes of the loss of Philadelphia. I
wish, those despatches may have got safe to hand. Con-
gress, at their first meeting at Lancaster, adjourned to York-
lown, about 22 miles further southward, and 10 from the
Susquehanna. Lancaster they found crowded, and in other
respects exceptionable ; here, we are at least suflSciently
retired, and can deliberate without interruption. It was
much against my inclinations, that at so advanced a season,
and destitute of winter clothes, and after a long absence
from my family, I found it necessary to come forward lest
our Slate should be unrepresented and my constituents
offended. I depend on your Excellency's attention to get
me relieved. Since the first sitting of the second Congress,
which is now upwards of two years and five months, I
have not in the whole spent four months with my family.
My feelings as a husband and a parent are hurt upon the
reflection ; and I hope I may, without presumption, say,
that my past services entitle me to some indulgence ; and
that it is not unreasonable to ask a little time to repair the
waste, which, from my total neglect of every thing which
related to myself, has been made in my private affairs.
Yesterday I had the honour of receiving your Excel-
lency's des[)atclies of the I8lh and 22d instant. We can
not be sufficienily thankful to the Supreme Being for res-
cuirig our bleeding country fioin the calamities of an Indian
war, which tlircaiened our western frontier with ruin and
desolation ; that under Heaven, it was saved by the valour
and good conduct of our own countrymen, is an additional
satisfaction. Every mouth is full of the praises of Herk-
hemier, Ganscvoort, and Willet. The victory acquired by
General StarUe was as seasonable as glorious, and is the
more eminently distinguished, as it was gained by militia
over veteran and experienced troops ; and though nothing
decisive has taken place belweeu the grand armies un-
der General Gates and (icneral Burgoyne, the late gal-
lant behaviour of tfie left wing of our army, with the em-
barrassments which surround the British troops, and the
sup(!riotity of our forces, give us the highest reason to look
(Vol. II.] 123
up to Divine Providence for a happy issue of the campaign
in that quarter. God graciously grant the full sccpe of
your wishes, " that it may conduce to render the present
campaign decisive."
The army under General Washington receives acces-
sions of strength daily : a Continental battalion, and consi-
derable bodies of militia have passed through this place
from Virginia ; more are expected from Maryland ; some
from New-Jersey. This State alone is sunk into supine-
ness and inaction, from which even the loss of theii' capital
has not been able to rouse them ! Its new Constitution and
laws are unfit for this tempestuous season ; its Governor
unexperienced, and as appears to me unsupported. Many
of the leading whigs are disgusted, and view the storm at
a distance with sullen concern ; and no proper means are
e.xerted, as far as I can see, to reanimate the sluggish spi-
rits of the people, oppose the successful efforts of the dis-
affected, or to draw forth the vast strength of this State,
which of itself is able to crush General Howe's slender
army, humanly speaking, into the dust. This, I fear, sir,
is but too just a picture of this once formidable govern-
ment.
[From the New- York Packet of October 23, 1777.]
Conclusion of the debates, on Lord Chatham^s motion, in
the House of Lords, the 30th of May last.
Lord Lytileton controverted almost every thing material
urged by the three noble lords who spoke in favou'' of the
motion. He directed his attention first to the motion, and
the noble lord who made it. He acknowledged the emi-
nent services which his lordship had performed for his
country ; and as to whatever notice the motion itself was
deserving of, the favorable terms it offered, and the remark-
able coolness and decision with which the arguments in
support of it were urged, called for candour and modera-
tion on his part. He seemed much surprised at the timid,
despondent tone affected by the noble earl, in relation to
the conduct and ultiraatp views of foreign powers, whose
fire, spirit and zeal for the honour and dignity of his country
had carried terror and conquest among the surrounding na-
tions. He asked his lordship, whether he could reconcile
it to his former conduct, to hold terrors out from the resis-
tance we might meet in pursuing and asserting our un-
doubted rights, either from America or elsewhere. He
remembered the lime, when the noble lord held a different
language, when he inspire 1 the nation with the most exalt-
ed and heroic ideas ; when he called upon the people lo
assert their honour, and do themselves justice, though every
power in Europe should combine against them. His lord-
ship next turned to the stale of America ; the anarchy that
at present prevails there ; the acts of violence, treachery,
cruelty and injustice that are daily committed in that country
by our rebellious subjects upon their loyal and dutiful
brethren, merely because they would not join in the dia-
bolical schemes of overthrowing all just and legal govern-
ment. The laws trampled upon, her courts of justice shut,
government dissolved, magistrates imprisoned or banished,
the faithful and obedient part of the people depressed, de-
spoiled of their property, suffering in dungeons, or obliged
to fly their native land. He observed, that to all the horrors
of war, the rebels had added the brutality of savages and
the treachery of cowards. These were the persons, and
this was the cause some of their lordships thought fit to
espouse and defend. His lordship reminded his opponents
of their predictions concerning the conduct of France, and
their repeated assertions, that America had never any
ihoughts of independence. Experience had verified the
language of administration on boln these points. The noble
lord who made the motion laughed at the absurdity of such
an idea, as no interference on the part of France ; and the
Congress have long since declared the United Colonies in-
dependent States. The other noble lords on the same side,
490
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
denied ihe least probability of any such event, and pledged
themselves, if it should ever happen, that they would be
the first and most zealous in endeavouring to compel them
to a return of their duly. The event has actually taken
place, and what is their conduct ? Instead of recommend-
ing vigorous measures ; instead of supporting spirited and
decisive exertions of our whole strength, we are told that
France does not interfere ; but lest she should, it is now
proposed to open a treaty with declared and open rebels.
Our rights are to be abandoned or conceded, lest France
should go to war when our strength and resources are
weakened and exhausted. This is surely strange language,
and equally pusillanimous as unworthy the attention of tins
house.
France, I am satisfied from my own knowledge, is
neither able nor wilhng to go to war ; and though siie were,
I trust we are prepared to meet any foreign enemy whatever.
Let us turn our eyes to the stale of our respective finances,
and we may be enabled to judge, in some irieasurc, of the
respective abilities of both countries. Lotus reflect on the
ease and expedition five millions were borrowed in a nation
said to be verging towards ruin. I will venture to say that
a similar offer would not produce the tenth part of the sum
in France. Does this accord with the lamentable picture
drawn by the noble duke, and the terrors suspended over
our heads by the Right Rev. Prelate ? Merchants, and men
of trade, however friendly to government, seldom trust their
properly to precarious security. They are, of all men, the
most cautious of disposing, or trusting iheir money out of
their hands, and know best to lay it out where it promises
profit, properly secured. This uiibounded credit is seldom
a forerunner of a bankrupt government or empty exchequer.
His lordship next answered that part of the noble duke's
argument in respect of ihe petition from the Cor gre^s, and
the evidence given by Mr. Penn. He iiisisicd that the
former was the effect of mere hypocrisy, and the latter, to
his own knowledge, far from being supported by irulh.
But supposing the former was serious, what did it import ?
an appeal from the Parliament to his Majesty, and an en-
deavour to detach him from his Parliament by an abuse of
his Ministers. As a proof that the Congress never meant
to submit to the supremacy of Parliament, at the very time
they sent the petition alluded to, they made the most daring
and inflammatory appeal to the whole Irish nation, and
invited ihem to make a common cause with them in resist-
ing the legislative controlling power of the British Parlia-
ment over all the dominions of the British crown. His
lordship imputed the present stale of public affairs to the
backwardness and misl-.iken lenil}' of minisleis in the early
stages of the contest. He reminded their lordships of the
part he took, and how frequently he pressed administration
on the subject. He was confident, if vigorous measures
had been adopted earlier, that the rebellious Colonies would
now have been in a state of peace and obedience ; and
repeated, he said, what he had frequently said before, that
lenity by its consequences caused often greater acts of
cruelty, than those which were at the lime desisted from
on account of their harshness. His lordship spoke of the
severe usage Col. Campbell had suffered in an American
dungeon, which led him again to repeat his charge of
cruelly and timidity. He allowed that a trade was carried
on by the rebels to some ports in France, but denied thai
it received any countenance or protection from thai court.
They were private transactions, he said, which it wor.ld
be difficult to prevent ; and which had no origin but the
spirit of mercantile adventure, and ii, olives of profit.
His lordship took great pains to shew that the measures
of government were popular ; and to point out the abilities
of the minister who liad so judiciously planned taxes, that
would scarcely be felt, and yet would be so very produc-
tive. He spoke of the country gentlemen, as supporting
the present war almost unanimously ; passed great encomi-
ums on their consequence and integrity, and affirmed, that
while measures were thus strongly supported and approved
of, both within and without doors, by such decisive and
respectable majorities, we hud every reason not only to
expect an happy issue to the presctil rebellion, but that il
we should be interrupted by any power whatever, iliat we
were both able to defend ourselves, and make our enemies
repent of their rashness. He observed on remarks from
the noble earl who spoke second in the debate, (Lord
Gower,) relative to the loyal and dutiful disposition of great
numbers of people in America, where they were free to
declare their sentiments, and not under the ivranny and
despotism arising from anarchy and military government ;
he was certain that it was so, and he had himself lately
received a letter to lhal purpose from a person on the spot ;
and many others of a like tenor, giving an account of the
great numbers who came in under the proclamation, in
order to claim the protection of the British government, as
to offer their services in assisting to extinguish rebellion.
The Duke of Manchester opened his speech, with ob-
serving on a passage of the noble earl, who spoke second,
(Lord Gower,) what passed in a message between General
Howe and Washington, to prove that independence alone
was the grand object of the American rebellion ; and that
the treaty broke up merely, because at the first prelimi-
nary, Mr. Washington and the Congress refused to treat,
unless the United Colonies should be considered as inde-
pendent Stales. His grace insisted that this circumstance
proved nothing ; the Congress were well aware that the
commissioners had no povvfers, but they were willing to try
whether, though they were armed with no parliamentary
powers, they might not be charged with private instruc-
tions. When the persons entrusted wiih the affair disco-
vered the commissioners had neither powers nor instruc-
tions ; and no terms but those of unconditional submission
to offer, they treated all propositions of that nature with
indignation, and retained their offensive sentiments and
resolutions as a matter of necessity. He censured the
conduct of administration, for holding out ihe idea of a
commission, and afterwards holding it back, till America
had taken the decided part she did ; and observed with
concern, that France had acquired very singular advantages
in trade and navigation, since the commencement of the
present civil war ; and would continue to reap many more
as long as it should last.
He pursued the ideas of the Right Rev. Prelate who
spoke on the same side, by proving that in proportion as
we grew weak or exhausted, from a waste of blood and
treasure, France would recruit in every source, which
might enable her to carry on a most vigorous war. He
observed, that the noble lord who spoke last had treated
the commercial communication, now carrying on between
France and the British colonies, as a mere desultory under-
hand trade, prosecuted by a few inconsiderable enterprising
individuals. He denied that to be the fact : He had the
best and most authentic authority to assure their lordships,
and if called upon was willing to prove it, that il was a
regular, open, and extensive commerce, daily increasing.
He had a list in his possession of several of the ships, the
nature and value of their cargoes, the naval and military
stores, with several other circumstances of a similar and cor-
roborative nature. It was no trade carried on by connivance
in the dark, or in a corner, but in open day. If that was
the case, he appealed to their lordships, if there was one
of them who, satisfied of ihe facts, did not think such a com-
merce, such a barter of commodities, in which a supply of
military stores was included, was not treating the Colonies
as an independent power, in the first instance ; and was it
not a breach of neutrality in the next, allowing the inde-
pendency of America to be a fact not disputable. His
Grace altribuled, as well as the noble duke and Rev. Pre-
late, the declaration of independency to have arisen chiefly
from the contempt and neglect with which their petition to
the King had been treated by Parliament ; from repeated
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
491
refusals of redress in any fornn, or through any channel ;
and to the inflammatory addresses presented to the Throne,
previous to the session of Parliament in 1775 ? His lonl-
ship pressed the propriety of the motion on several grounds ;
and predicted the happiest effects, should it be agreed to.
It was not pretended tliat the present campaign would be
decisive : Indeed the contrary was already acknowledged.
Taking the motion in that light, as neither prolonging the
war, nor defeating the objects of the campaign, he begged
leave to assure their lordships, that an account of the suc-
cess of this motion reaching America, would more effectu-
ally tend to stop the further effusion of human blood, and
an attainment of what we were entitled to demand, or
ought to wish to obtain, than any advantages we could pos-
sibly derive from the most successful exertion of our arms.
Lord Abingdon said a few words, which could not be dis-
tinctly heard, and upon the question being put, the house
divided, when the numbers were, Not-contenls 76, Proxies
23 ; Contents 26, Proxies 2.
[From the New-York Packet of October 23, 1777.]
Copy of the articles of capitulation, handed us by a gentleman just
from Albany ; but we do not communicate them to the public as pro-
perly authenticated, and as the genuine articles mutually agreed to
by Generals Gates and Burgojne.
Article I. The troops under Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne,
are to march out of their camp with the honours of war,
and the artillery of the entrenchments, to the verge of the
river where the old fort stood ; where the arms and ar-
tillery are to be left ; the arms to be piled by word of com-
mand, by their own officers.
Art. II. A free passage to be granted to the army under
Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne to Great Britain, upon conditions of
their not serving again in North America, during the pre-
sent contest ; and the port of Boston to be assigned for the
entry of transports to receive the troops whenever General
Howe shall order.
Art. III. Should any cartel take place, by which the
army under the command of Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne, or any
part of it, may be exchanged, the foregoing article to be
void, as far as such exchange shall be made.
Art. IV. The army under Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne to
march to the Massachusetts Bay, by the easiest, most ex-
peditious and most direct route, and to be quartered in, near,
or convenient to the town of Boston, that the march of
the troops may not be delayed when transports arrive to re-
ceive them.
Art. V. The troops to be supplied on their march, and
during their being in quarters, with provisions by Gen.
Gates' orders, at the same rate of rations as the troops of
his own army, and if possible, the officers' horses and cattle
are to be supplied at the usual rates.
Art. VI. All officers to retain their carriages, bat-horses
and other cattle, and no baggage to be molested or search-
ed ; Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne giving his honour, there are no
public stores secreted therein. Major-Gen. Gates, will of
course, take the necessary measures for the due perform-
ance of this article ; should any carriages be wanted dui ing
iheir march, for the transportation of officers' baggage, they
are if possible, to be supplied at the usual rates.
Art. VII. Upon the march, and during the time the
army shall remain in quarters in the Massachusetts Bay,
the officers are not, as far as circutnstances will admit, to
be separated from their men. The officers are to be quar-
tered according to their rank, and are not to be hindered
from assembling their men for roll call, and other purposes
of regularity.
Art. VIII. All corps whatever, of Gen. Burgoyne's
army, whether composed of sailors, batteau-men, artificers,
drivers, independent companies, and followers of the army,
of whatever country, shall be included in the fullest sense
and utmost extent of the above articles, and comprehended
in every respect as British subjects.
Art. IX. All Canadians, and persons belonging to the
Canadian estabhshment, consisting of sailors, batteau-men,
drivers, artificers, independent companies, and other fol-
lowers of the army, who come under no particular des-
cription, are permitted to return there. They are to be
conducted immediately, by the shortest route, to the first
British post on Lake George, and are to be supplied with
provisions in the same manner as the other troops, and are
to be bound by the same conditions, of not serving during
the present contest in North-America.
Art. X. Passports to be immediately granted to three
officers, not exceeding the rank of captains, who shall be
appointed by Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne, to carry despatches to
Sir William Howe, Sir Guy Carleton, and to Great Britain
by way of New-York ; and Major-Gen. Gates engages
the public faith that these despatches shall not be opened.
These officers are to set out immediately after receiving
their despatches, and are to travel the shortest routes, and
in the most expeditious manner.
Art. XI. During the stay of the troops in the Massa-
chusetts Bay, the officers are to be permitted on parol, and
are to be admitted to wear their side-arms.
Art. XII. Should the army under Lieut. Gen. Bur-
goyne, find it necessary to send for their clothing and other
baggage to Canada, there are to be passports granted for
that purpose.
Art. XIII. These articles to be mutually signed and
exchanged to-morrow morning at 9 o'clock, and the troops
under Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne are to march out of their en-
trenchments at 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
Camp Saratoga, Oct. 16, 1777.
[Copy of a letter of the Marine Committee to Capt. Rogers.]
Fishkill, Octr. 2d, 1776.
Sir — Whereas, the armed sloop Montgomery, yourself
commander, now lying in Norwalk, New-England, and on
your application to the Convention of the Slate of New-
York, they came to a resolution on the 28th ultimo, to con-
tinue said sloop in the same service ; and we being a
committee to give such orders as we shall think proper,
this is therefore to order and direct that you proceed from
hence with all convenient speed to Norwalk, and fit out
said armed sloop with provisions and other necessary arti-
cles which she shall want for a cruising voyage ; and as
soon as victualed and well manned, to proceed from thence
to such cruising ground as you may judge most proper, to
meet with vessels belonging to the subjects of the King of
Great Britain, Ireland, &;c. And meeting with such ves-
sels, to do what is in your power to take the same as prizes ;
when taken, to send them to any of the most convenient
harbours belonging to the United States of this Continent,
to be consigned into the hands of such person or persons
as you or the Convention of this State may judge fit, to act
for our mutual benefit, in order to have the same con-
demned, agreeable to the resolves of the Continental
Congress.
On the arrival of any prize or prizes in any harbour, you
are to order the prize-master or agent to acquaint the Pre-
sident of this Convention or Legislature of New- York,
with all convenient speed, letting tliem know the contents
of the cargo, burthen of the vessel, from whence, and
where bound. If the vessel or any of the prizes should
have a cargo of warlike stores, dry goods, or cloth, linen,
thread, (fee. it is the desire of Convention that the same
be retained for the use of this State.
In order to enable you to fit out the sloop Montgomery,
you are to apply to Mr. John Sloss Hobart for so much
cash as you shall want for the same.
We conclude with wishing you a prosperous voyage ;
and remain
Your humble scrvts,
EVERT B.VNCKEH,
WILLIAM HARPER,
ZEPIIA. PLATT, Jr.
To Captn. Wm. Rogers.
492
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
Fishkill, Octr. 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen — We, as a committee, being appointed by
Convention to give instructions to Captn. Rogers to pro-
ceed on a cruising voyage with all possible expedition ; but
as his men have four months' wages due, they are unwil-
ling to proceed on the same. This is therefore to desire
you will please to pay them out of the sales of the prize
goods which has been by them taken.
Remain, gentlemen.
Your most humble servts.
EVERT BANCKER,
ZEPHA. PLATT, Jr.
WILLIAM HARPER.
Messrs. Jacobus Van Zandt, Joseph Hallet,
and others of the Marine Committee.
[Letter from John Barclay, Esqr. at Albany.]
Mbany, lUth Octr. 1777.
HoND. Sir — Last night at eight o'clock the capitulation,
whereby Genl. Burgoyne and his whole army .surrendered
themselves prisoners of war, was signed ; and this morn-
ing they were to march out towards the river, above the
Fish creek, with the honours of war, and then ground their
arms. Tliey are from thence to be marched to Massachu-
setts Bay. We congratulate you on this happy event ;
and remain
Your very humble servt.
By order,
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Cadwallader Colden, at Hurley.]
Hurley, Octr. 19/A, 1777.
Sir — I am in a very disagreeable situation here, and
sure I am, ihat upon all accounts I might as well be at my
own house. If I had an inclination to be with the King's
troops, I should have embraced the opportunity that offered
two days ago. But I only want to be with my family, and
10 lake no part in the present broils. When I do, I shall
expect to be treated accordingly.
If your Excellency will please to give me a permit to go
home, and to remain there during your pleasure, it wili
ever be properly acknowledged by
Your Excellency's most humble servt.
CADWALLADER COLDEN.
His Excy. George Cunton.
[Letter from Jacobus Hardenburgh.]
Octr. mh, 1777.
Gentlemen — I did myself the honour lo write a few
days ago to one of your Board, setting forth that as I was
certain Mr. Ruloflf Ellinge never broke his parol, or ever
meant so to do, that you would please to let him return lo
my house, and that I would be bound for his good beha-
viour. Having had no answer, I now beg leave to add,
that if you do not choose to let him be at my house, that
if you please to let him be at my brother John's, or any
other good house in the county, I will be bound for his
good behaviour.
I am, gentlemen,
Your humble servt.
JACOBUS HARDENBURGH.
To the Honourable Council of Safety.
[Letter from Govr. Clinton, at Poughkeepsie.]
Poughkeepsie, Octr. 25ih, 1777.
Dear Sir — I am informed that the enemy's fleet passed
the chevaux-de-frize at New-Windsor, yesterday evening,
and proceeded down the river out of sight from thence.
This being the case, I have ordered the troops at Hurley
lo proceed to New-Windsor, lliat they may be more con-
veniently situated lo annoy ihe enemy in ihe Highlands,
or detached lo Head-Quarlers, if ihe General should think
proper so lo order. Colos. Pawling's and Snyder's regi-
ments will be left at home.
I am, with great respect.
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
[Letter from James Wilkinson, aid-de-camp to Genl. Gates.]
Camp, Bemus's Heights, Octr. 9th, 1777.
Dear Sir — General Gales has this moment received a
copy of your letter of the 7lh inst. lo the Council of Safety,
and being much engaged, has desired me lo tell you lhat
he condoles with you on the loss of so important a pass,
but congratulates you on the bravery and address of your
little garrison. To compensate for this disaster, we had,
on the 7lh inst. an action with General Burgoyne, which
reflects the highest honour on our arms, as we carried his
encampment and advance works, took two twelve, and six
six-pounders, brass, with a number of carls, tents, and a
considerable quantity of baggage ; made prisoners the com-
manding ofEcers of artillery of a foreign brigade, and of
the British grenadiers, with his aid-de-camp. Sir Francis
Clarke, a quarler-masler-general of the army, and a num-
ber of inferior rank, with about 250 non-commissioned
ofEcers and privates. The slain both of officers and men
is considerable ; among the former is Genl. Frazer. The
consequent hurry has prevented a return ; but I am sensi-
ble do not exceed 80, Of the former, there is barely one
subaltern officer ; among the latter is the gallant General
Arnold, so badly injured as to render the amputation of a
leg necessary. To aggravate this misfortune, Geneial
Lincoln yesterday, on the lines, received a chance shot,
which also fractured a leg in such a manner as lo deprive
us of his important service.
General Burgoyne last night evacuated his post, leaving
behind him upwards of 300 sick and wounded, among
whom are six captains, with a quantity of flour, and has
retired towards Fort Edward. But as General Gales had
taken the precaution to throw about 2000 men in iiis rear,
on the east side of the river, it is probable ihey will ob-
struct his retreat and give us time lo come up with him.
The mililia you demand, were yesterday ordered down ;
and the Albany county, with 300 Connecticut militia under
General Wolcolt, will this day, if the weather permits, fol-
low them.
I have the honour, &c.
JAMES WILKINSON.
To Governor Clinton.
[Letter from Cadwallader Colden, at Hurley.]
Hurley, Octr. 31st, 1777.
HoND, Sir — As you gave me leave, when I was last be-
fore the Council, to make application to you by writing,
and considering your known character for integrity and
humanity — now that the late confusion is a liule subsided,
I shall take the liberty of doing it, with great freedom and
candour,
I shall not trouble you with a recital of the many un-
merited and unprecedented grievances I have laboured
under for this eighteen months past ; all which I have re-
peatedly laid before the Council by petition and otherwise.
Suffice it to say, that notwithstanding of all this, no charge
has been exhibited against me, but that of my being, as is
said, disaffected to (what is called) the American cause.
But this doth not appear by my being even charged with
being concerned in, or privy to any plot or conspiracy. If
I have been weak enough to discover my own private senti-
ments with regard to the consequences lhat might attend
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
493
this most unnatural and unhappy war, (some of which we
begin lately to experience ;) yet, as I have heretofore de-
clared, I have not endeavoured to prevail upon any one
person from following the propensity of his own inclina-
tions, unless it be by preventing some from going to the
enemy. And though 1 could not concur with public mea-
sures, in my own mind, yet I have proposed giving every
security in my power for my peaceable and obedient be-
haviour to the present government. But it seems nothing
short of an oath of allegiance will excuse me. Now, I
will only ask, what confidence you can place in the man
that will take one oath at the expense of another ? Expe-
perience may teach you this.
Then, considering what I have now said and at all times
have declared to be the truth, I cannot see the justice in
keeping me thus confined, and as little public benefit. On
the contrary, if I was allowed to look after my farm and
domestic affairs, I might be of some use to the community.
And what makes my confinement still more disagreeable
is, that my landlord seems much dissatisfied at my being
in his house, and which also is upon many other accounts
very inconvenient.
All these things considered, I hope will induce the Coun-
cil to admit of my being at my own house, under such re-
strictions as they may think proper ; and if any security is
required, I am capable of giving as good as the county
affords, for my faithful performance.
Relying on your personal favour and friendship, I take
the liberty to subscribe myself
Your most obedt. and most humble servt.
CADWALLADER GOLDEN.
Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
List of Prisoners sent to Connecticut.
Henry Van Schaack, at his own expense : A disaffected person cor-
responding with the tories in Connecticut.
Alexander Campbell, at his own expense : JFor threatening the friends
of the American cause, and refusing to argn the new association.
Thomas Swords, an officer on half pay : For having taken a list of
the friends of government, with an intention of communicating them
to our enemies; for consulting with Sir John Johnson to raise men to
join the British army, and destroy the general's house at Saratoga, and
the houses of other friends of the American States.
William Pemberton, at his own expense : A very dangerous enemy
to the American States, an avowed friend to the British army, openly
professed by him upon every occasion, and for depreciating' the Con-
tinental currency.
John Munro, at his own expense : Samuel Aderson, at his own ex-
pense : For enlisting soldiers for the ministerial service, and being of-
ficers.
Joseph Aderson, at his own expense ; For being privy thereto.
Walter Scot and John Scot : Disaffected persons who fiave refused to
sign the new association.
Jacob Timmerman and Nicholas Weaver: Persons enlisted in the
service of the British king.
Ralph Watson, John Duzzenbury, Frederick Williams, Henry Wes-
tunhousen and Dugall Campbell : Disaffected persons who have refus-
ed to sign the new association.
Owen Conner : A prisoner from Tryon county, a deserter from the
parly of prisoners lately sent to Connecticut.
Benjamin Greenman : A disaffected person.
William McMuUen : A disaffected person, and avowed enemy to the
American Slates.
George Hinsdale, Israel Osburnand Samuel Messenger : Disaffected
persons who are to pay for their maintenance, and if unable, to be
put to labor.
Samuel T. Gardenier : For refusing to give evidence in an affair of
consequence before the committee, and refusing to sign the association.
[The request of Genl. Howe. Govr. Tryon and Sir John Johnson, to
raise troops in Albany county, with a copy of the oath of secrecy
and allegiance to the King.]
By the request of the Honourable William Howe and
commander of His Majesty's forces in America, and Wil-
liam Tryon, Esqr. Governor in and for the Province of
New- York, and likewise by the desire of Sir John John-
son, Bart, that a battalion of loyal volunteers be enlisted
in the county of Albany, to serve in and for the Province
of New-York, &c. for the preservation of iheir lives and
properties, and more especially to shew their loyally and
affection to his Majesty, in order to assist in restoring pu-
[VoL. ii.J . 124
blic peace and tranquillity in this distressed country, as
they cannot expect any friendship or proleclion from His
Majesty's forces, il ihey do not do iheir almost endeavour.s
to assist His Majesty in subduing and conquering his re-
bellious subjects, in order to bring them to condign punish-
ment, therefore, for the more speedy and in the most se-
cret manner, a battalion of loyal volunteers be enlisted,
and each officer and private volunteer to take an oath to
keep secret every thing that shall be communicated to
them by their superior officers ; that I. H. Esqr. is chosen
and appointed colonel and commandant of said battalion of
loval volunteers ; and each company is at least to consist
of fifty rank and file, with one captain, one lieiiienatii, one
ensign ; and when raised and joins His Majesty's forces,
each officer and private volunteer will receive the same
pay, clothing, arms and accoutrements as any other en-
listed American volunteer, and be entitled to the same
lands as any regular soldier; the said loyal volunteers will
be discharged with the first American l)alialion.
I, A. B. do swear to be true to His Majesty King
George, and to serve him honestly and failhlully in de-
fence of his person, crown and dignity, against all his ene-
mies in America, or opposcrs whatsoever ; to keep secret
and to observe and obey the orders of my superior officers
that shall be issued out to me from time to time, so help
me God.
I, A. B. do swear to keep secret all that you shall say
or read to me, and not to reveal the same to blood relation,
or any person whatsoever, so help me God.
LLetter from Col. Humfrey, to His Excellency G. Clinton ]
Jugusc 28th, Anno Do. 1777.
HoND. Sir — Agreeably to order, I met Colo. Graham
on the fifth instant, and agreed to raise 74 men ; on the
eighth I had the battalion together and drafted the number,
and ordered them to appear at Poughkeepsie on the \'Zi\\
instant, and appointed one captain and one lieiiienaiit.
Accordingly the officers met at Poughkeepsie, and finding
a small number of men appear, the captain was dissatisfied
and has resigned his commission. I then appointed anoiiier
captain, and sent to the several captains of the battalion to
muster their drafted men ; ihey sent me word that the chief
part of their men were gone away or concealed ; I then
wrote warrants to each captain to send out guards and
search for them, and appointed them and the captain and
lieutenant to meet and march with as many as we could
find, and all that would refuse to go, send them to the
county jail, there to remain until they were willing to march
or hire a man in their place. V\ e raised a bounty of nine
pounds per man, and have paid twenty-seven ihe boiiniy ;
and several farmers have given thirty pound to men to go
in their place. On the 2tjlh instant I met them, when
forty men appeared, with the officers, at the house of Capt.
Reynold. The men seemed willing to march, when the
captain told me he would not march unless he had fifty
men ; I went out in order to tell the men I would get an-
other captain, and order them to be ready to marcli on the
shortest notice; but when they found ihe officers declined,
they dispersed immediately, and I could not get lliem to-
gether again any more. Several of the men have enlisted
in the standing forces to avoid going to Albany. I do not
know what farther to do, and sliall wait your orders.
1 am, with great esteem.
Your most hble. servt.
WILLIAM HUMFREY, Colo.
To His Excellency George Clinton.
[Letter from Jno. Gumming, in the Fleet Prison.]
Fled Prison, August 21s/, 1777.
Gentlemen — Though my situation for fivemonilis past
in close confinement has not been the most agreeable ; yet
494
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
as I had the opportunity of hearing frequently from my
•wife and children, I did not much repine ; but now, that I
learn you mean (on any nearer approach of danger,) to re-
move all your prisoners herii (the Lord knows where,) it
has rendered me one of the most unhappy beings. To be
removed to a distance from my family, in a strange country,
without money or friends, and knowing no period to my
captivity, is to me so insupportable, that if you had ordered
me to be hanged, it would seem to me the more humane
action, as you would then put an end to all my miseries,
at least in this life. But as it would appear that all the
crimes I have yet committed are not, in your own eyes,
sufficient to condemn me, I mean now to add one more to
the number, (probably weightier than all the rest put to-
gether,) which is that of making my escape out of prison.
Had I been a prisoner on parol, I could not have thus left
you ; and even as it is, I mean not to take arms against
you ; neither will I convey any intelligence to your ene-
mies ; nor can any thing induce me to either, but that of
ill usage to my wife and family : In such a case, I cannot
promise for my present resolution. Some of your worthy
members I am much indebted to for their humanity in call-
ing to see me while in confinement, and procuring me
liberty to see my family. Such, I think, I can never for-
get.
I am,
With every respect due to your exalted station,
Gentlemen, your very humble servt.
JNO. GUMMING.
To the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Philip Livingston. ]
Philadelphia, 30//» August, 1776.
Sr. — ^Your favour dated the 28th, came to hand by the
post, who returned before we had any opportunity to apply
to Congress as you desired. The application was immedi-
ately agreed to, and their resolves to employ the blacksmiths
who are now engaged in building the frigates, for the pur-
pose of obstructing the navigation of Hudson's river, are
here enclosed. We wish much to hear from you what is done
in that affair, and what more is proposed to be done. The
advices from New- York respecting the attack of the British
troops on our army on Jiong island are very various and
uncertain. We could wish to hear from you as often as
possible. Many particulars that deeply concern us as
members of the State, and are more interesting now than
ever, we are not informed of. We know you are much
engaged in affairs of the greatest moment, but perhaps
one of your secretaries may find time to drop us a few
lines every day or two. A considerable number of troops
have since Tuesday marched from here to Amboy, say
about three thousand, and as many more will probably be
dispatched in one week more,
Yr. most obedt. servt.
PHIL. LIVINGSTON.
Mr. Abr. Yates, Jr.
In Congress, August 4, 1777.
Congress took into consideration the letter from General
Washington, wherein he wishes to be excused from making
the appointment of an officer to command the northern
army ; and thereupon Congress proceeded to the election
of an officer, and the ballots being taken,
Major-General Gates was elected to that command by
the votes of eleven States :
Resolved, That General Washington be informed of this
appointment, and that he be directed to order General
Gates to repair with all possible expedition to the northern
department, to relieve Major-General Schuyler.
Ordered, That the remainder of the letter from General
Washington be referred to the committee on the northern
department.
Auguttb, 1777.
The committee on the northern department, to whom
General Washington's letter was referred, brought in a
report, which was taken into consideration : Whereupon,
Resolved, That the commanding officer of the northern
department be directed to apply to ilic executive powers
of the respective States of New-Hampshire, Massachu-
setts Bay, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey and Penn-
sylvania, for such a number of their respective militia as
he shall judge sufficient to reinforce the army under his
command ; that such militia be entitled to Continental pay
and rations, and be continued in service till the last day of
November next, unless sooner relieved by Continental troops
or discharged ; and that it be earnestly recommended to
the executive powers of the said States, to exert their most
vigorous efforts in complying with the requisition of the
said commanding officer without delay, that a speedy and
effectual stop may be put to the progress of the enemy in
that quarter.
Extract from the minutes.
CHAS. THOMSON, Secry.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
State of New-York.
[Resolutions of Congress.]
In Congress, Qth Augutt, 1777.
Resolved, That Major-General Gates inform those States
whom he shall apply to for militia, that Congress think it
impossible, in the present circumstances of things, to ad-
here to settled quotas which ought to be called out from
each particular Slate.
Copy from the Journals.
William Z. Houston, D. Secry.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
State of New- York.
In Congress, July 31, 1777,
Resolved, That it be recommended to the executive
authorities of each of the United States, to divide their re-
spective States into districts, and to appoint a proper per-
son in each district, to recruit men to fill up the regiments
raised in such State ; that they take good security of the
person so appointed, for the faithful discharge of his duty,
and rendering just accounts of all public moneys that shall
come to his hands ; and that they allow for each able bodied
recruit so raised, who shall enlist for three years, or during
the war, the sum of eight dollars, in full for his trouble and
expense ; that where no provision for securing deserters
has already been made by the laws of the State, they give
to each person so appointed, full power to take up and se-
cure all deserters that shall come within their respective
districts, and when force is necessary for this purpose, that
they direct the officers of the militia to give such assistance
as shall be required ; that they allovir him the sum of five
dollars for every deserter so taken up and secured, in full
for his trouble and expense therein. And for the encou-
ragement of men to enter the service, they shall have
liberty, at the time of their enlistment, to make choice of
the regiment, troop, or company, in which they will serve,
provided such regiment, troop, or company is not full ; if
it is, they may choose any other regiment, troop or com-
pany which is not full, which shall be entered against their
names, and returned to the officers appointed to receive
such recruits, who shall, at the time they are sent to join
their corps, transmit the same to the general or command-
ing officer.
Resolved, That it be recommended to the executive
authorities of each of the United States, to appoint con-
venient places of rendezvous in their respective States, for
receiving recruits and deserters ; and that they transmit to
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
495
General Washington, with as much expedition as possible,
the names of such places of rendezvous, in order that pro-
per officers may be sent to receive such recruits and de-
serters.
Resolved, That General Washington be directed to order
all Continental officers now absent from their corps, forth-
with to join them, except only such as the General shall
think necessary to receive recruits and march them to the
army.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidi.
State of New- York.
In Congress, July 29, 1777.
Resolved, That an inquiry be made into the reasons of
the evacuation of Tyconderoga and Mount Independence,
and into the conduct of the general officers who were in
the northern department at the time of the evacuation.
That a committee be appointed to digest and report the
mode of conducting the inquiry.
July 30.
Resolved, That Major-General St. Clair, who com-
manded at Tyconderoga and Mount Independence, forth-
with repair to Head-Quarters.
August 1st.
Resolved, That Major-General Schuyler be directed to
repair to Head-Quarters.
That General Washington be directed to order such
general officer as he shall think proper, immediately to re-
pair to the northern department, to relieve Major-General
Schuyler in his command there.
That Brigadier Poor, Brigadier Patterson, and Brigadier
Roche de Fermoy be directed to repair to Head- Quarters.
.August 3d.
Resolved, That General Washington be directed to or-
<3er the general whom he shall judge proper to reheve
General Schuyler in his command, to repair with all pos-
sible expedition to the northern department, giving him di-
rections what numbers of the militia to call in from the
States of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Connecti-
cut, New-York, New- Jersey, and Pennsylvania.
That notice be immediately sent to the executive powers
of the said States, and that they be earnestly requested to
get the militia in those parts of their respective States,
most contiguous to the northern department, ready to
march at a moment's warning, and to send, with all possi-
ble expedition, such parts of them as the general com-
manding in the northern department shall require, to serve
till the 15th of November, if not sooner relieved by Con-
tinental troops, or dismissed by the commanding officer of
the department, and be entitled to the Continental pay and
rations.
That the commanding officer in the northern department
have discretionary powers to make requisitions on the
States aforesaid, from time to time, for such additional
numbers of the militia, to serve in that department, as he
shall judge necessary for the public service.
Whereas it is represented to Congress that General
Washington is of opinion that the immediate recall of all
the brigadiers from the northern department may be pro-
ductive of inconvenience to the public service ;
Resolved, That the order of Congress of the first day
of this month respecting the said brigadiers, be suspended
until General Washington shall judge it may be carried
into effect with safety.
By order of Congress.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
State of New- York.
[Letter from John Hancock, at Philadelphia.]
Phila. Jugust Glh, 1777.
Gentlemen — The Congress having ordered Generals
Schuyler and St. Clair to Head-Quarters, that an inquiry
may be made into their conduct and the reasons of the
evacuation of Ticonderoga, they have directed General
Gates to take the command in that department, and to re-
pair thither with the utmost expedition.
In the present critical state of our affairs in that quarter,
it is absolutely necessary that some vigorous and decisive
measures should be taken, to stop the progress of the ene-
my. These steps should be taken as early as possible, as
the consequences of delay may be e.x:tremely disagreeable.
From the great advantage our enemies have over us in the
facility with which their troops may be transported by sea
to any part of America, they will always have it in their
power to make a descent before the Continental army can
possibly arrive to oppose them.
The militia, therefore, whenever this happens, must be
depended upon, and their exertions, I trust, will never be
wanting when called on, either to defend their own country
or to join with the army of the United States to oppose
the common enemy. I am therefore most earnestly to en-
treat you will order such part of your militia to reinforce
the army under General Gates as he may judge sufficient,
and that you will exert yourselves to comply with the en-
closed requisition of Congress without the least delay.
I have the honour to be, gent.
Your most obedt. and very hble. servt.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
P. S. I must request your attention to the oilier re-
solves herewith transmitted, as recommending the most
effectual way to fill up the regiments, and to supply the
continual waste of men, occasioned by the events of war,
and other losses unavoidable in an army.
The Honble. the Assembly of the
State of New-York.
[Letter Irom Horatio Gates, at Philadelphia.]
Philadelphia, .August Gth, 1777.
Sir — I am directed by the most Honourable the Con-
gress of the United States, to apply to the executive
power of the State of New-York for a reinforcement of
one thousand five hundred militia, to be immediately sent
to the Head-Quarters of the northern army. The critical
situation of public affairs renders it unnecessary for me to
urge your patriotic State to the most expeditious compli-
ance with this requisition. I hope it will be sufficient to
say, that the northern army, if timely reinforced, may, by
the blessing of Divine Providence, obtain a victory over
our implacable enemies, and prevent that ravage and mise-
ry, with the terror of which they vainly hope to awe the
States into unconditional submission.
Confident, sir, of your zeal, and attachment to the com-
mon cause, I rest satisfied of your exerting your best en-
deavours to serve your devoted country.
With great respect, I have the honour to be,
Your obedient, huble. servt.
HORATIO GATES.
Honourable President of the Council of Safety
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Jacobus Wynkoop relative to his pay and arrangement
as Commodore of the Lake.]
Albany, Jugt, Gth, 1777.
Gentlemen — It is with the utmost difficulty that I am
induced to ask your attention, but my difficulties will plead
for the freedom, and mv grievance will excuse in some
measure, the aid and assistance which I ask of this Ho-
nourable House.
On the 10th of April, I77G, agreeable to the order of
the Committee of Safety for the State of New-York, as
also that of Major-General Schuyler, 1 took the com-
mand of the vessels on Ijake Cliamplain as commodore,
from which lime to litis, 1 have been kept in suspense re-
specting my pay and arrangement ; my lucmoriul to liio
496
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
Honourable Continental Congress on the subject of last
year unanswered.
Fronn ibeabove circunnstances, it must appear that my ac-
counts arc unsettled, nor do 1 know how to proceed wiiti the
officers and men who served witfi me, in adjusting their
accounts, unless assisted by the friendly aid of your Ho-
nourable House, to which the Commander-in-Chief of the
northern department advises me to apply to.
Since the evacuation of Ticondcroga and Fort George,
the men belonging to the navy have been discharged, the
officers to wait the pleasure of Congress, and in the mean
time, shall always be happy to be distinguished with my
command from the Stale to which 1 belong ; I leave the
whole to your wise consideration, and remain with all due
respect,
Your most obt. and very h. servt.
JACOBUS WVNKOOP.
To the Honourable Council of Safely
for the Slate of New- York.
[Petition of Archibald Wilson for leave to enlist in the Continen-
tal service.]
Kingston Gaol, August 11th, 1777.
The petition of Archibald Wilson, late a soldier in the
first Pennsylvania battalion, humbly sheweth, that your pe-
titioner, notwithstanding his long and cruel confinement,
continues warmly attached to the service of the United
Stales of America. He was apprehended in the beginrung
of March last, for want of a pass, (of which he did not know
the utility,) while on his way to enlist in the northern army
at Albany, coiiunitled to Goshen gaol, and from thence
transported here. Your peiilioner does not intrude a re-
capiiulalion of his sufferings upon your Honourable Board,
conscious that he has not merited them ; and to give you
a convincing proof that he is not possessed by resentment,
he requests permission to enlist with such officer of the
Continental army as shall be most agreeable to him.
May it therefore please your Honours to take what is
above represented into consideration, and to grant me such
relief as unto your Honours shall seem meet. And your
petitioner shall as in duty bound ever pray.
ARCHIBALD WILSON.
The Honble. the Council of Safety
for the State of New York.
[Letter from Stephen Lush.]
Augt. 10th, 1777.
Sir — I am requested by His Excellency to enclose an
original letter of Geiil. Washington, received from you,
■with a copy. The original I suppose was transmitted
through mistake. With my best respects to Mr. and Mrs.
Tappen, my compliments to Miss Tappen, and to Messrs.
Addison and Benson,
I am, sir, with esteem.
Your most obedt. servt.
STEPHEN LUSH.
Mr. McKesson.
[Letter from A. B. Bancker soliciting the office of Commissary of
Prisoners.]
Kingston, August 7th, 1777.
Gentlemen — My father having recommended me in
two letters, to different gentlemen of the Council of Safety,
to succeed my brother in his appoinimenl of commissary of
prisoners for this State, I had tlie pleasure to find it agree-
able to several of your Honourable Body, provided my
brother sent his resignation in due form, which I had been
■wailing for till last week, when, bylhe advice of some of
the gentlemen of Council of Safety, I proceeded down to
iny brother at Suckesunny plain, Morris county, where I
found he had wrote me three different letters, (in answer
to mine,) in one of which was enclosed his resignation to
the Council of Safely, neither of which letters came to
hand He thought fit to write ag=iinby me, which letter I
now have the pleasure to enclose you, wishing it may meet
with your approbation, both in regard to him and myself.
I have the honour to be with esteem,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humble, servt
^ „ „ ABM. B. BANCKER.
lo the Honble. Council of Safety
for the State of New- York.
[Letter from C. Bancker resigning the office of Commissary of Priso-
ners and recommending his brother A. B. Bancker as a person
qualihed.j
Suckesunny, Augst. Itt, 1777.
Gentlemen — I am exceedingly sorry to hear by my
broiher, who is at present here, that the letter directed to
you which contained my resignation of the post of com-
missary of prisoners for the State of New- York, had not
come to hand; it was wrote the beginning of last month,
to which I should refer, was I certain of its arrival ; but
gentlemen I beg this may serve, inasmuch as that is still
at a distance. J should with pleasure have accepted of the
honour intended me, but must confess at the same time
that my present employ in the Continental army, together
with the siiuation of my family, renders my acceptance of
your favourable intentions impracticable ; it is with a little
reluctance I am obliged to determine upon a refusal of this
nature, but at the same time make not the least doubt,
the reasonableness of the resignation will meet with all
your approbations. Inasmuch as the nature of things are so
situated, must humbly beg you will transfer the honour in-
tended me in the appointment upon my brother, who is the
hearer of this lo you, and am certain the charge reposed
in him, in the room of me, will be faithfully discharged.
Your acceptance of ihisresignalion and compliance with the
above request, will ever oblige one who remains fully sen-
sible of your kind intenlions, and at the same time must
subscribe himself wiih sincere esteem,
Gentlemen,
Your obliged servt.
CHRIST. BANCKER.
The Honourable Council of Safety, Kingstoa
[Letter from Abm. P. Lott, at Boston.]
Boston, August 6, 1777.
Dear Sir — I am heartily tired of being here, as I meet
wilh many difficulties. This day, came from Plymouth,
where I met wilh a disappointment, as I had agreed with
a person for about 500 bushels of salt. When I came, he
told me his partner had promised it lo the fishermen ; but
I he real case was he could get more than I had agreed lo
pay him for it. Told me Mr. Livingston had given 30*.
and he did believe it would be higher. The times are
altered very much since I was here the first time ; many
of them are afraid to take their own money. Last week
the people of Boston were in great confusion for two or
three days, as there came an express in, stating that there
were above one hundred sail of vessels near the harbour,
which turned out to be three men-of-war chasing some
fishermen, and they ran one prize brig, laden with rum,
ashore. The next day, had about 500 teams in town, by
which means I got my salt carried about 20 miles out of
town. I am afraid I shall not be able to purchase as much
salt as I wanted, as those who have salt will not sell.
Many of the merchants pack up their goods and will not
sell ; the country is quarrelling wiih the town, and in a very
lillle time they will have nothing to eat. The Assembly
are now about lo pass a law not lo sell any more goods at
vendue. What goods are for sale are at so high a price, that
I am surprised liiey dare ask it : common clolhs $16 to
$22 ; thread stockings 285. to 30s , fine 42s. ; sugar, rum,
none for sale ; I offered j£8 10s. for one lihd. common su-
gar ; cotton 7s. Qd. per lb. ; but the board of war will not
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, «Scc.
497
give a pass for one pound. I called on the board of war
this day ; they asked me how much salt I had bought ; I
told them, with the 1,000 bushels I had of them, I had
about 2,100 bushels ; they gave me for answer, I was well
off. I told them that the salt would not allow to each family
half a peck. I expected they would let me have the 500
bushels ordered by court ; they could not ; I was well off
with what I had. I answered them, I expected they would
have made a present of 1,500 bushels for the poor of the
State of New- York. When I come home, shall let you
know my opinion of these people.
I remain your friend,
ABM. P. LOTT.
Excuse haste.
N. B. Desire Mr. McKesson to write me the news with
you, as Esqr. Bob is too lazy. We have heard here that
Genl. Washington is at New-Windsor.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, President
of the Council of Safety of the State
of New- York at Kingston.
[Letter from Abm. P. Lott, at Boston.]
Boston, .August 6th, 1777.
Gn. — This day I received yours of the 20th July, and
immediately waited on the Council with the enclosed.
This morning I came from Plymouth, where I had bought
two parcels of salt, one from Mr. Nelson of about 500
bushels, which I have forwarded to this place ; the other I
could not get, as the person I bought it of said his partner
had promised it to the fishermen ; he promised me he
would try to divide to each one half; but little dependence
can be placed on most of them here. I expect about three
or four hundred bushels from the eastward from Mr. Ten
Eyck, of New-York, which he is to forward. There are
several cargoes of salt eastward, and several parcels here,
but they will not sell it. I shall do all in my power to pur-
chase the salt, for I am heartily tired of bemg here, as no
teams are to be got at present. Shall call on Esqr. Mon-
ford in my way home.
Gt. I remain your humb. servant,
ABM. P. LOTT.
To the Council of Safety at Kingston,
in the Slate of New-York.
(Letter from Albany Committee ]
Albany Committee Chamber, .August 26lh, 1777.
Sir — A certain Palmeteer, of the Manor of Rensselaer-
wyck, has enlisted about forty of his neighbours and taken
them to the enemy. The greatest part of those people
have families, which they have left at home ; their remain-
ing in possession of their farms may prove detrimental to
us, as they will serve as intelligencers to the enemy. The
committee would suggest to you whether it would not be
prudent to seize their effects, and cause their families to
be removed and left at Stillwater, from whence they may
easily convey to their husbands (who are at Saratoga with
General Burgoyne,) the account of their being at that place.
This mode would not only remove many useless persons
from among us, but perhaps prevent others from pursuing
such measures. The committee would be obliged to the
Council for their direction on this subject.
I am, your most humble servt.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
P. S. The Jessups, Jones's, and Hoakesly and others,
have families among us, whom we have reason to believe
have carried on a correspondence with the enemy, and con-
tinue to do so.
To the Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Vol. ir.] 125
[Letter from Zephh. Piatt, relative to persons who have been with
the enemy.]
Poughkeepsie, .August 2Ut, 1777.
Sir — I am informed that a number of the tories of this
county, who have been down and joined the enemy, have
lately returned and say they are heartily sick of their bar-
gain, and are desirous of returning to their allegiance ; how
far they are to be depended on I cannot say. Some of
them have delivered themselves up to the commanding
officers at Peekskill and Fort Montgomery, who have given
them the oath of allegiance and passes ; others are skulk-
ing about ; one has been lately apprehended and confined
in jail, who says he was then coming to deliver himself up,
which there is some reason to believe. There has been a
thirty dollar bill detected lately which is a counterfeit,
coming from a club which it is said have passed several.
Some other tory practices are gaining ground in this quar-
ter. As the committee have for some time depended upon
the commissioners for detecting conspiracies, &c. they
have become slack, and doubt whether it is their duty.
When the commissioners left Poughkeepsie, they request-
ed Messrs. John Schenck, Peter Tappen, Andrew Billings
and Paul Schenck, to take cognizance of such matters as
the safety of the State in this quarter might more immedi-
ately require. They have in some few instances ; but are
doubtful of their authority, and have applied to me for ad-
vice, which I submit to the Council, giving it as my opinion
that were they appointed assistant commissioners pro tem
pore, it would have a very salutary effect ; and I believe
they would desire neither fee or reward for what they
might do without going far from home, except defraying
the necessary expense ; which, if the Council should ap-
prove, desire they would give them the earliest notice with
proper advice how to proceed against those persons lately
returned from New-York, the money makers, and a short
general instruction.
I am, your most obedient and
Very humble servant,
ZEPHA. PLATT.
The Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Council of Safety, at Kingston.
[Letter from Major Andrew Billings.]
Poughkeepsie, August 25th, 1777.
Sir — When the commissioners left this, they left direc
tions with Messrs. John and Paul Schenck, Peter Tappen
and myself, to act (as far as consistent) in their places ;
which we have, for the immediate safety of the State, al-
though we are convinced our authority is not altogether
legal. We have now confined in this jail one Jacox, who
left this early last spring, and has served ever since in the
enemy's army ; he left Morisena last Wednesday, and we
have reason to believe meant to deliver himself up to the
commissioners, as he came directly here. He informs us
that a number of them have come, and many more may
be expected, as they are much dissatisfied with their situ-
ation. Several are now skulking about a little below.
We are much at a loss in every thing we do, for want of
proper authority. Several little circumstances lately indi-
cate some wicked design of the tories. A mulatto wench
has lately passed through this place from New-York ; she
brought intelligence to the inliabitants from their friends
in New-York, and in all probability she has gone to Bur-
goyne's army. Counterfeit money is detected, and all
like to centre in one place if followed. Our unhappy
friends, who are driven from their possessions above Al-
bany, are insulted by being told by a noted tory that if
they had not been rebels, and had but taken a protection
498
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
from Gen). Burgoyne, they might have remained in peace-
able possession of iheir estates, &c. ; but now they must
beg their bread, &c. They are frequently seen in compa-
nies, late in the night. Our commillee live scattered out
of town, which makes it diflicult for them to detect many
who really ought to be, and indeed it is impossible, unless
some of them live in town. I have written this at the re-
quest of the gentlemen above mentioned, and have sent the
bearer to convey it.
I have the honour to be.
With the greatest respect, sir.
Your most obedt. very hble. servant,
ANDREW BILLINGS.
Honl. PiEHBE Van Cobtlandt.
fLetler from Abm. B. Bancker, Commissary of Prisoners.]
Kingston, Jlug. 26/A, 1777.
Gentlemen — Agreeably to an order on the commissary
of clothing, I have supplied the regular prisoners of war
with shirts and shoes, excepting James Robertson, who
Mr. Egbert Dumond undertook to furnish with those arti-
cles, but who is still in want of shoes. I am sorry to
trouble you again, gentlemen, but the repeated applications
from the prisoners, whenever they meet with me, puts me
to the necessity of asking a further order for a coat and
trowsers for each of them, some being without any, and
others that have, are so worn as only to answer the name
of a coat or trowsers. Referring the above to your con-
sideration,
I have the honour to be, gentlemen.
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
ABM. B. BANCKER,
Commy. Prisrs. War.
Two prisoners want coat and trowsers, and one wants
shoes, at present ; the rest are at Goshen,
I should be glad to supply the commissary of provisions
at Goshen with some salt for the poor prisoners confined
there.
The Hoaoorable the Council of Safety
for the Slate cf New- York.
[Letter from Peter R, Livingston.]
Kingston, 2oth August, 1777,
Gentlemen — I returned from Hartford last Sunday.
During my stay at that place I forwarded to Major Jansen,
Pulver, and to Mr. Philip Spencer, about six hundred
bushels of the salt I had purchased in the eastern States.
The remainder I have left at Simsbury, in Connecticut.
During my stay at Hartford, I received letters from Colo.
DeWiit and Capt. Piatt, informing me that your Honoura-
ble Board had empowered them to direct me to forward
ihe salt I had purchased, to the widow Lewis's, in Dutchess,
and to Mr. Spencer's, in consequence of which I did my
utmost endeavours to procure carts to transport the salt to
said places, but could not get a single team without paying
4s.6(i. lawful currency per mile, as the teams must all return
home empty. As the Council in their first order gave me
discretional directions to send the salt to such places as I
thought proper, I would be glad still to have it in my power
to forward on the remainder as I have begun, having hi-
therto obtained all the teams I have hired at 3s. per mile,
and make no doubt shall be able to transport the whole to
the places above mentioned at 3s., which will be a consi-
derable saving to the State, and lay much nearer to this
town for the directions of your Board.
As the inhabitants are in the utmost want of salt, would
it not be best to fix the price at ten dollars per bushel, and
order what is arrived to be distributed in such quantities
as the Board sees fit, without delay. As the greatest
quantity will be at Major Jansen's, I make no doubt he
will undertake it, and Mr. Spencer what is left at bis
house.
I am, gentlemen, with great respect.
Your very hub. sevt.
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
To the Honourable the Council of Safety
for the Stale of New- York.
[Letter from Andrew Taylor, D, Q, M. G.]
Newburgh, 19lh Augutt, 1777.
Honourable Sir — I have had complaint this day from
a certain Leonard Smith, of the precinct of Newburgh,
late a lieutenant in Col. Pawling's regiment and Captain
Clark's company, in the five months' service, that Capt.
Clark has assessed him seven dollars, notwithstanding his
being enlisted in the Quarter-Master General's service for
six months, viz: from the fourth of August, 1777, to the
fourth of February, 1778, to attend a Continental ferry at
Newburgh.
Honoured sir, I beg leave to lay this matter before you,
that it may be presented to the Honourable the Council of
Safety for this State, and would be glad to learn whether
the resolve your House passed the 31st July,extends to men
in the Continental service ; and likewise as we are enlisting
carpenters for three years, it will discourage any man to
enlist, as they by this example must expect to be assessed
likewise. In short, I think if any man in the Continental
service is taxed for the good of the militia, it must extend
from the whole to the whole. An answer from the
Honourable House, that T might learn whether the money
must be returned to said Smith, will much oblige
Your most hble. servt.
In all ties of duty.
ANDW. TAYLOR, D. Q. M. G.
N. B. When they came this day to distrain his goods,
I wrote a few lines to Col. Hasbrouck, certifying the day
of Smith's enlistment, the answer to which I enclose.
PiEBBE Van Cobtlandt, Esq.
[Letter from Jacob Bayley.]
Newbury, April 22, 1777.
Gentlemen — As I look on myself as a sort of watch-
man on this part of the American walls, I shall be very
guilty if I do not give notice when I apprehend danger.
I think I mentioned in my last that a number of neutrals
wereat and aboutOnion river, andl now am crediblyinform-
ed a large number from the west part of Connecticut are on
the move to near Canada, where it strikes this river, of the
same sort of people. They are now dividing the lands in
Limington and Minehead on the river, and also the towns
back of them. I think them a dangerous sort of people
to be next the enemy. I will also give you an extract of a
letter from Col. Moses Hazen to me, dated at Albany last
January, in which he informs me that he had transmitted
to Congress his opinion relative to our frontiers ; which
was, that a large army of observation be kept in our quar-
ter until we could command the lake ; and he advises me
to make application through our own Convention to Con-
gress for protection ; that no time should be lost ; that we
build block houses, &c. We are indeed vastly nigher the
enemy's main body, than any other frontier or even our
northern army. I flatter myself that you will continue
your care for us as much as the circumstances of the whole
State will allow. I shall transmit to you every movement
of the enemy I can discover ; we have a number of men
out now on the discovery, in the capacity of hunters ; ex-
pect returns soon. I am informed an act is made by the
Convention for the sale of and securing the estates of those
persons that have deserted to the enemy. I am desired by
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
499
the committee of the county of Gloucester to recommend
for a committee to carry said resolves into execution, Colo.
Peter Olcot, Colo. Jacob Kent and Maj. Israel Smith.
I am, gentlemen,
Your very much obliged and humble servant,
JACOB BAYLEY.
P. S. Capt. Abner Sealy has been reputed a good offi-
cer, and did engage in the ranging service, in the corps
under Major Hoisington ; he and his officers properly en-
listed their company, or near, but they, his company, tak-
ing advantage of your orders declined the service, by which
means he is out of business as an officer ; if you incline
to raise another company of rangers, would recommend
him to command it.
J. BAYLEY.
To the Honble. Conveniion or Committee
of Safety of the State of New- York.
[Letter from John Barclay, Esq. relative to Ephraim P. Bogardus.]
Albany Committee Chamber, }
jlugust 18, 1777. S
Sir — A number of respectable inhabitants, friends to
the cause of America and neighbours of Ephraim P. Bo-
gardus, petitioned this Board requesting that he may be
released from prison, as nothing so criminal is alleged
against Bogardus as to continue him in imprisonment, the
committee would therefore beg the favour of you to use
your influence in procuring his discharge under such re-
strictions as the Council of Safety shall think proper.
We are, sir,
Your most obedient servants,
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To Abm. Yates, Junr. Esq.
[Letter from John Barclay, Esq. chairman of the Albany Committee.]
Mbany, August 19, 1777.
HoND. Sir — As the Council will be an.xious to know the
result of the action near Bennington, I am directed by the
committee to transmit them by express, the enclosed ex-
tract of a letter which is this moment received by express.
I congratulate the Council on the success of our arms.
Remain your most obt. servt.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Honourable the President
of the Council of Safety.
By His Excellency George Clinton, Esquire, Governor
of the State of New-York, General and Commander-
in-Chief of all the Militia and Admiral of the Navy
of the same,
A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas the Senate and Assembly of this State stand
prorogued to the twentieth day of this month ; and the
situation of public affairs rendering it inexpedient for the
Legislature to meet at so early a day, I do, therefore, by
virtue of the authority reposed in me by the Constitution
of this State, hereby further prorogue the said Senate and
Assembly until Monday, the first day of September next,
then to meet at Kingston in Ulster county, to proceed to
business ; of which the good people of this State are re-
quired to take notice, and govern themselves accordingly.
Given under my hand and seal at arms at Kingston
in Ulster county aforesaid, this eighteenth day of
August, in the year of our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and seventy seven.
GEO. CLINTON.
By His Excellency's command.
Stephen Lush, Secry.
God save the People.
[Letter from Thaddeus Crane, at Kingston.]
Kingston, .August 9th, 1777.
Gentlemen — It being my misfortune, in repulsing the
enemy at Ridgfield, on the 26th of April last, to meet with
a wound from them, which confined me to my bed for a
long lime ; and I was at great expense by loss of time and
cost of doctor. I desire to know from your Honourable
Council, whether I am to receive any wages or relief from
the State, and where to apply to get the same, if any is
allowed. These from
Your honours' humble servt.
THADDEUS CRANE.
To the Honourable the Council of Safety
of the State of New- York.
[Extract of a letter from Francis Hagan, Senior, surgeon to Jonathan
Potts, Esqr. director of the hospital in the northern department,
dated Bennington, 18th August, 1777.]
The following is the truest account I can collect of the
late action. On the 16th our people discovered that 1500
of the enemy were posted within six miles of this place.
The militia immediately assembled ; rushed on with the
greatest intrepidity ; drove them, and took the following
prisoners, vizt : 1 colonel, 1 major, 5 captains, 12 lieute-
nants, 4 ensigns, 2 cornets, 1 judge advocate, 1 baron, 2
Canadian officers, 3 surgeons, 37 British soldiers, 398
Hessians, 38 Canadians, 151 tories, 80 wounded; four
brass cannon. Their number of dead is about 200. From
the best accounts, our number of wounded is about 50, and
30 killed. Our number was about 2000, and only half
engaged.
I saw the prisoners and cannon with my eyes.
[Letter from John Nicoll, at New-Windsor.]
New-Windsor, .August 15th, 1777.
Dear Sir — I am informed that a resolve of Convention
was passed some time ago, empowering captains to fine
such persons as refused to march, when orders were given,
in a higher sum than ten shillings ; and have known some
captains to fine as high as thirty pounds. Was at His Ex-
cellency's to see if he had the resolve. Said he had not.
Advised me to write to yourself for it. Should take it very
kind, if you would please to send it me by the bearer, Mr.
Youngs.
My wife joins me in love to you.
And am, dear sir.
Your very humble servt.
JOHN NICOLL.
N. B. I just heard of Mr. John Duboise's death. Poor
Mistress Duboise has one daughter.
John McKesson, Esqr.
[Letter from Capt. Ben. Walker, relative to Mr. Cregier's case.]
Camp, at Peekskill, .August lAth, MTt.
Gent. — Mr. Cregier, late ensign in my company, having
been cashiered and sentenced to be sent to you to be fur-
ther dealt with, I think it my duty to acquaint you that he
has received of me, for the purpose of recruiting, one hun-
dred and eighty-eight dollars, of which sum he has ac-
counted for only fifty-eight ; and consequently will stand
charged by the Stale with one hundred and thirty dollars,
exclusive of what he may have received of Colo. Livings-
ton for the same purpose, which I suppose may amount to
one hundred and thirty or forty dollars more, though I can-
not justly tell the sum.
I am, gent.
Your most obedt. humble servant,
BEN. WALKER,
Capt. 4 N. F. Regt,
The Honble. Council of Safety
of the Suie of New -York.
600
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
[Letter from Abraham B. Bancker, requesting the advance of money,
and a sergeant's guard to conduct ihe prisoners to Goshen.]
Kingston, ^ugt. I4th. 1777.
Gentlemen — Your order to me of yesterday, respect-
ing the removing the prisoners of war, renders it necessary
for me to ask for a guard of a sergeant and eight privates
to attend them to Goshen. The business of commissary
of prisoners being an entire new affair to me, and not
having received any instructions either from the Honoura-
ble Council of Safety or the gentlemen with whom that
business was conducted, I must beg leave to trouble llie
Council at this time, requesting the same may be taken
into consideration, and some plan drawn out, by which I
am to conduct myself respecting the support of the prison-
ers and guard to Goshen ; and when there, in what manner
to dispose of them. The sergeant of the company of
regular prisoners of war having acquainted me that he,
with his companions, being very bad off for shirts and
shoes, begs that they may be supplied with the same.
Mr. Dumond having presented me with an accounl of
expenses attending the death and burial of a prisoner of
■war, some time since, I must beg an order on the Stale
Treasurer for such money as the Honourable Council shall
think necessary for discharging such accounts.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
ABM. B. BANCKER,
Cy. Prs. War.
The Honble. CouncU of Safety.
Namei.
Time of Enlistment.
Bounty Paid.
Jeremiah Triscott,
Jeremiah Gillman,
April 17, 1777,
April 19
April 18,
May 12,
April 21
April 22,
May 9
April 17,
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
5 dollars.
SAJVIUEL PAINE.
[Letter from Capt. Paine requesting' clothing for his men and a re-
turn of the same.]
Kingstown, jlugt. 14th, 1777-
This is to inform your Honours that the men now
with me in this place, are willing to do duty here as your
Honours resolved yesterday; the men expects to be fur-
nished with arms and accoutrements and clothing as was
proposed, and also they are out of money ; I desire that
they may draw their back pay and the remainder of their
bounty, clothing and rations. The enclosed is the names
of those men with me, the time of their enlistment and
bounty paid. Benjamin Chase who was one that Lieut.
Wheelock left at the Fishkill, who was returning home,
got as far as Norlhfield where I met him and turned him
back, he got as far Pittsfield and was taken sick, he is now
there without money or friends ; I beg your Honours that
he may draw some money, and I will take care to send it
to him and see that he is here as soon as possible; and I
beg of your Honours that I may be helped to some money ;
J would not trouble your Honours no more at present, only
beg leave to subscribe,
Your most obedient and very humble servant,
SAMUEL PAINE.
To the Honourable Council of Safety
for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Jos. Blackwell.]
Litchfield, 12th Augt. 1777.
Sir — I this moment arrived here from Boston where I
have been detained three weeks on account of the brig
Elizabeth, that was seized by 1. Sears.
The libel is withdrawn and the vessel delivered up to
me, on my promise of not sending her to sea until Sears
has had sufficient lime to advise with the Council of Safely
for the State of New-York. I expected to liave received
a letter from you while at Boston but could never hear of
any for me ; I suppose you will hear from Sears by the
time you receive this, but I hope you will not give orders
to any person in Boston lo commence any suit against iier
on account of Hallclt or Witter, lo put the rest of the
owners to any further trouble and expense, as it has al-
ready cost us a considerable sum in the last suit and other
expenses attending it. I hope you will give orders lo have
the vessel delivered up lo the owners, tlial wc may fit her
out again, as she has been six months now in harbour and
will receive considerable damage if not soon repaired, and
the property in her belonging to persona in New-York,
may be taken hold of when you think there is sufficient
reason for it ; I hope, however, the Council will favour
me with a letter on the subject before ihey lake any steps
in the affair.
David Van Horn is now a captain in the service recruit-
ing at Boston. I hope you will be pleased to communi-
cate the contents of this letter unto those authorized lo lake
cognizance in cases of this nature, and procure me an
answer.
Excuse this scrawl, wrote in great haste as the bearer is
wailing for it.
I am, sir, with respect,
Your very hble. servt.
JOSEPH BLACKWELL.
GenL Jno. Scott.
[Memorandum from John Burger, Victor Bicker, Junr. and Comelions
Bicker, relative to Capt. Houston.]
Augt. nth, nn.
Gentlemen — We, the subscribers, being well acquaint-
ed with the character and situation of Captain Houston,
who ha.s ever distinguished and behaved himself as a
steady friend to America, could wish he might be indulg-
ed with his enlargement by being admitted on parol to
this town, for which, we are willing to become his su-
reties.
JNO. BURGER,
VICTOR BICKER, Junr.
CORNELIOUS BICKER.
To the Honourable Council of Safety
for the State of New-York.
[Letter from the Delegates of this State at Congress, dated the 29th
July last.J
Philad. 29th July, 1777.
HoNouRL. Gentlemen — We have the honour of your
favour of the 17lh instant with the several enclosures, to
which we shall pay all due attention.
We had flattered ourselves tl.at having happily accona-
plished the various matters given us in charge by our late
Honourable Convention, our anxiety relating to our own in-
ternal affairs would have been for some lime at least reliev-
ed ; but ihe misfortunes in the northern department, and the
fresh attack which is made upon General Schuyler in con-
sequence of them, renew our difficulties. The eastern
Slates openly affirm that their troops have no confidence in
General Schuyler, and assign this as the reason that they
have not marched to his assistance ; they therefore insist
that he, as well as Genl. St. Clair, shall be recalled, and
General Gales again appointed to the command ; or that
Congress must take upon themselves all the consequences
which may attend a refusal of this proposition. You see,
gentlemen, the delicacy of our situation ; if the eastern
delegates carry their point the world is left lo conclude not
only that General Schuyler is unworthy of the command,
but that if the late change had not taken place, Ticonde-
roga, by the abilities of Genl. Gates, might still have been
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
501
preserved. In what light your Delegates and the State, by
whose authority they interposed will be represented, on
this view of the case, is sufficiently obvious. But sup-
posing General Schuyler, after this warm appHcalion for
his removal, should be continued in the command, and the
eastern States be backward in supplying their militia, and
the calamities of the country in that quarter increase,
would there under these circumstances be any end to cla-
mour and reproach? It is not easy to determine the line
of conduct we ought to pursue, especially as we cannot
be assisted by your advice nor strengthened by your au-
thority.
We shall take the first opportunity to inform you of the
event. And in the mean time assure you that we are
Most respectfully, honourl. gentlemen.
Your most obedient humble servants,
PHIL. LIVINGSON,
JAS. DUANE,
WM. DUER.
Honourable Council of Safety
for the Slate of New- York.
[Letter from Lieut. Connolly relative to Sella and Kezor.]
Esopus, August 7th, 1777.
May it please your honours — The two prisoners that
applied to the House some days ago, and afterwards drew
back for liberty to enlist with me in the service of the
United States, have frequently sent to me this day, to apply
the second time. If the Honourable House sees cause to
lake it into their consideration, I would be glad if it could
be done now, as there is a boat sails for Fort Montgomery
at four o'clock this afternoon; their names are Lowdiwick
Selie and Johannes Kezor, also the two that applied yes-
terday, which I offer to the House; their names are Robert
Nicholson, Jacob Scholten and a negro, who formerly be-
longed to one Nobel, as he says; he has been aboard of
one of the ships I believe.
From your obedient servt.
MIOHL. CONNOLLY, Lieut.
P. S. I believe they will make good soldiers ; I am inti-
mately acquainted with some of them.
^ M. C.
To the Honourable the Council of Safety
for the State of New-York.
[Letter from Queen's County Committee.]
July 29th, 1776.
By order of Queens county committee of July the 26th,
1776, we the subscribers were appointed a sub-committee
to regulate the deserts of Capt. Peter Norstand on the
south of Hempstead, that four companies had been thrown
into one. Accordingly we have made the deserts of the
late Capt. Cannon's company, and accordingly notify the
people on this day to meet and choose their military offi-
cers. There met a number of men, and made choice of
Samuel Green, captain, Thomas Ellison, first-lieutenant,
Peter Thomas, second-lieutenant, and Solomon Seaman,
ensign. To which we beg the favour of the Honourable
Provincial Congress to grant them their commissions.
Gentlemen, we are
Your humble serts.
DANIEL DURYEE,
JOHN WILLIAMS,
BENJAMIN BIRDSALL,
JOHN BIRDSALL.
To the Honourable Provincial Congress.
[Letter from Comfort Sands.]
Kingston, July 29th, 1777.
Sir — In the month of October and November last, I, in
company with Col. Jos. Drake, Peter Vandervoort and
Richardson Sands, purchased eighty hogsheads of sugar
[Vol. ii.J 126
in Providence, Rhode-Island, and when the enemy took
possession of Rhode-Island, we transported them from
Providence to Hartford in Connecticut, intending to bring
them into this State. Soon after we got them into Con-
necticut, a law was passed in that Stale, prohibiting any
West India goods going out of that State unless by a spe-
cial permit from the Governor. Upon application to him
by Mr. Vandervoort and my brother, we obtained a permit
to bring it all out of that State, part of which in conse-
quence of that permit is come out. And in bringing out
three hogsheads and one tierce, it has been seized by the
sheriff of Hartford for the use of the troops in that State,
and they offer to pay the limited price of £3 6s. lawful
money for it, which is not near the first cost of it. My
brother has been to the Governor for relief for that which
was seized, and also to know why it was done, and what
was the reason the rest could not go ? He answered the
permit or law was revoked, and that he could not clear
them. This is a true state of the case, which I can fully
satisfy the council in. I therefore pray that the council
would interfere in this matter, and dare say by your appli-
cation to Governor Trumbull, he will release what is seiz-
ed, and permit the rest to come out. The sugar is much
wanted in this State, it will be of great service to the peo-
ple here, and of great advantage to us concerned.
I am sr. yr. mo. obd. hi. servant,
COMFORT SANDS.
To Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq.
President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Col. Stephen J. Schuyler requesting a discharge of John
Clynt from the Fleet Prison.]
Rensselaer Wycke, July 23d, 1777.
Sirs — Whereas John Clynt, a prisoner on board of the
Fleet prison, has left a wife with five small children greatly
in distress for want of his personal attendance, I would
therefore beg his releasement, if agreeable to your council.
From your humble servant,
STEPHEN J. SCHUYLER.
To the Council of Safety at Kingston.
[Letter from Philip Schuyler, at Saratoga.]
Saratoga, July 28th, 1777.
Sir — Your letter of the 26th inst. I have this moment
received.
It was extremely mortifying to me, that we were under
the necessity of discharging part of the militia ; but I be-
lieve it will be confessed that it was much better to keep a
part, than to have lost the whole, which would certainly
have been the case. As I am to have no further reinforce-
ment of Continental troops, than Gen. Glover's Brigade,
every militia man that can be got, should be sent up. I
have written to Governor Trumbull, for at least two thou-
sand from Connecticut. Application has been made to the
State of Massachusetts. And I do now request of the
Council of Safety that they will be pleased to take mea-
sures to send as many from this Slate as can be procured,
and to be engaged for a determinate time. Those now
with me are diminishing very fast, and not one of them
will remain more than a fortnight.
It is very true, that in direct violation of the contract
with the carpenters, their tools were taken from them. I
must confess too, that it was done by my order, and I trust
the Council of Safety will think I did what was perfectly
right. We had not a carpenter's tool left in this depart-
ment. Our whole stock having been lost at Ticonderoga.
I had gun carriages to make, and others to mend ; a bridge
to throw over Hudson's river for the security of the country,
and all that variety of carpenter's work to be done which
is ever necessary with an army. In short sir, I labour under
a thousand difficulties at present, for want of a sufficiency
of tools. Their complaint that the tools were taken from
them is just. They arc to be paid for them ; but I cannot
602
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
remove the cause by restoring the tools, without sacrificing
the country. I wish I could say that these carpenters had
behaved so as to be entitled to the least of their country's
thanks. Colonel Van Dyck, Major Yates, nay aloiost
every body that was at Fort-George, reprobate most of
them as a worthless set. Indeed they had forfeited their
wages by deserting from Fort-George ; but I scorned to
take advantage of their panic, and ordered a discharge to
be given them.
I must also observe that some of them sold a chest of
tools to an inhabitant, which Capl. Dow, the quarter-mas-
ter recovered, and if the detection had not been made, these
would have been charged to the public.
1 have the honour to be, with great esteem, sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Capt. Benj. Wait, informing that his company refuses to
to march.]
Kingston, July 26th, 1777.
Gentlemen — Agreeable to my orders received from the
Honourable Council of Safely, dated June 27th, I proceeded
to New-Borough in the county of Gloucester, and when I
arrived there, found my officers and men marched to Ti-
conderoga on account of the alarm there, and as soon as
they returned I called them together, and ordered them on
the 14lli inst. to prepare for marching down immediately,
which they refused, giving for their reason, that at the time
of their engaging, they did not expect to be removed from
the three counties of Cumberland, Charlotte and Glouces-
ter, and that now the enemy being in possession of Ticonde-
roga, leaves that frontier open to them, and that they could
not think of leaving their wives and children in so dangerous
and helpless a situation. This, gentlemen, being the case,
I would beg leave to lay the same before you for your con-
sideration.
I have the honour to be, gentn.
Your most obedient and very humble servt.
BENJA. WAIT, Capt.
To the Hon. Council of Safety of New-York.
[Letter from the Committee of Albany, requesting the liberation of John
L. Van Aelen and John S. Van Alstyne.]
Mbany, 22d July, 1777.
HoND. Sir — I am directed by the committee of the city
and county of Albany to inform you that they are willing
to liberate John L. Van Aelen and John S. Van Alstyne,
upon their entering into bond to appear within six days from
their departure from the Fleet prison, before the commit-
tee, to give evidence touching and concerning such persons
at and about Kinderhook, suspected to be guilty of inimical
practices against the State. The committee beg the Coun-
cil will let them enter into bond for that purpose, provided
they agree and consent to give evidence as aforesaid. The
Council will observe that the cause of their imprisonment
is for refusing to give such evidence.
I am, your most obt. hura. servt.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the President of the Council of Safety.
[Petition of Richard Wragg, on board the State's prison at Kingston
Harbour.]
On board of the State's prison, in Kingston Harbour, >
July 2bth, mi. 5
The petition of Richard Wragg of Saratoga in the county
of Albany,
Humbly sheweth :
That your petitioner has been in close confinement above
two months, first in Albany, and now on board of the Stale's
prison at this harbour, to the great detriment both to him-
self and his poor family ; that your petitioner has a wife
who four years ago lost the use o( her limbs in childbed,
and also unable to help herself or seven distressed children,
from which the oldest is only twelve years of age, and no
body else is to take care of them, bo that all must go to
destruction if your petitioner cannot obtain his liberty ; that
your petitioner's interest is in the country, and therefore he
IS wilhng to vindicate the same as much as lays in his power.
May It therefore please the Honourable Council of Safety
to take your petitioner's lamentable circumstances into se-
rious consideration and grant him relief in his distressed
situation, and let him have a hearing ; your petitioner as in
duty bound shall pray.
RICHARD WRAGG.
To the Hon. Council of Safety at Kingston.
[Letter from G. Selleck Silliman to John Sloss Hobart, relative to a boat
lying at Norwalk belonging to Shubael Smith.]
Fairfield, June IGth, A. D. 1777.
Sir — There is lying at Norwalk a boat belonging to Shu-
bael Smith of Huntington, that he used to make use of as
a ferry boat between Huntington and Norwalk ; she is, I
am informed by those that are judges, a neat and valuable
boat, and as the owner has joined the enemy, the boat ought
to be seized for the benefit of the State of New-York, and
I hope you will take proper measures to have her imme-
diately taken proper care of.
I am, sir.
Your most obedient and most humb. servt.
G. SELLECK SILLLMAN.
To John Sloss Hobaht, Esq.
[Letter from Abrm. Ten Broeck to the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.]
Head Qcabtebs, /
Fort Edward, 20th July, 1777. J
Sir — I have the pleasure to acknowledge the receipt of
your favour of the 15th instant, with the resolution of the
Council of Safety of the same date, therein enclosed ; in
answer to which I am to inform you that I have transmitted
to the Council the whole of the proceedings of the court-
martial held at Albany. I am not able to furnish any charges
against the prisoners ; the committee of Albany I take for
granted are able, or have done it.
I am, with great respect and esteem,
Sir, your most obdt. humb. servt.
ABM. TEN BROECK.
To the Hon. Piebee Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Col. Van Schaick.]
Albany, July 22, 1777.
Gentlemen — Pursuant to the general orders, I send
down, under a guard, seven prisoners, who will be deli-
vered herewith to the Council of Safety, of this State.
I am, with respect,
Your most obt. humb. servt.
G. V. SCHAICK.
To the Council of Safety, at King's Town.
[Petition from prisoners of war.]
Esopus, July 25, 1777.
The prisoners of war, humbly petition, that the gentle-
men of the committee will take into their consideration, that
they are very bad off for the want of necessaries ; there-
fore, humbly petition that you, gentlemen, will take
it into your consideration, and allow such things as are ne-
cessary to keep them from vermin, they being used to com-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
503
fortable clothing while in the British service. We hum-
bly return you thanks for the good usage we have received
since being made prisoners of war.
THOS. BOSTOCK, Serg. of 9th Rgt.
WILLIAM RESTON, of the 20th Rgt.
FRANCIS TROTTER, i ofthe2Ut
JOHN McKAY, } "J rfj '
JAMES DUN, ) -"^ •
GOP. McGUIRE, ilth.
FRNC. HORMER, 53 Rgt.
To the Gentlemen of the Committee, at Esopus.
[Letter from Gen. St. Clair to Gen. Schuyler.]
Tyconderoga, June 25, 1777.
Dear General — I informed you yesterday that an en-
campment of the enemy had been discovered at Gilliland's
.creek ; last night two of tlieir vessels came up to Crown
Point, and this morning there are seven lying at that place ;
the rest of their fleet is probably but a little lower
down, as we hear their morning guns distinctly at differ-
ent places ; they also debarked some troops and encamped
upon Chimney point ; whether they have landed at Crown
Point or not, my scout boat did not discover, not daring to
venture far enough down the lake, on account of the ship-
ping, but I have sent out a scout on this side, which I
idoubt not will bring a just account of their situation.
I cannot help repeating to you the disagreeable situation
we are in, nor can I see the least prospect of our being able
to defend the post unless the militia come in ; and should
the enemy protract their operations or invest us, and con-
tent themselves with a simple blockade, we are infallibly
juined.
I have thoughts of calling for the Berkshire militia which
are nearest to us, and will probably be the most alert to
come to our assistance, because they are in some measure
covered by this post, but on that I shall consult the other
general officers. This, however, is clear to me, that we
shall be obliged to abandon this side, and then they will
soon force the other from us, nor do I see that a retreat
will, in any shape, be practicable. Every thing, however,
.«hall be done that is possible, to frustrate the enemy's de-
.signs, but what can be expected from troops ill armed, na-
ked and unaccoutred.
I shall write you again as soon as the scout returns.
Am, dear General,
Your most obedt. hble. servant,
AR. ST. CLAIR.
The Hon'ble Major-Genl. Schuyler.
[Letter from Isaac Hathaway.]
July 21, 1777.
I am informed that by your order the cables and anchors
belonging to the sloop Kingbird, were taken away, and the
sloop insured by Capt. Giles ; and my request to you is, to
Jet me know, if, in my absence, my sloop will be taken care
of, and who 1 must look to for her when I can improve her,
and likewise, how I shall come at my cables and anchors,
fori live more than two hundred miles from this place, in
the town of Freetown, in the State of Massachusetts Bay.
No more at present, but I remain
Your good friend,
ISAAC HATHAWAY.
To the Honourable Convention of the
State of New- York.
[Letter from Gen. Washington.]
Head Quarters, )
In the Clove, July 22, 1777. ^
Gentlemen — I am informed by Genl. Geo. Clinton,
that you have vested him witli powers to call out the mili-
tia of the counties of Ulster, Orange, Dutchess and West
Chester, until the 1st of August, at which time the new
Legislature is summoned to meet.
As it will probably be some time before the wheels of
the new Government can be put in motion, I am fearful
that, unless this power is extended to a further time, there
will be a vacancy between Genl. Clinton's present commis-
sion and the enacting new laws by the Legislature. A
circumstance which, at this time, may prove most fatal
in its consequences, because, from the present appearance
of matters, the enemy are upon the point of making some
capital move.
I could therefore wish, if it can be done with propriety,
that before your Board is dissolved, you would extend this
power of calling out the militia to Genl. Clinton, or some
other person, till such time as you may reasonably expect
the new Legislature will have met and proceeded regularly
to business.
I mention " Genl. Clinton or some other person," be-
cause as he will enter into his office of Governor of the
State upon the 1st of August, he cannot probably attend
to the business of the militia. If you are of opinion that
he can, I would prefer him to any other.
I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your most obt. servt.
GO. WASHINGTON.
The Hon'ble Council of Safety of the
State of New-York.
[Letter from John Henry, commissary of clothing, including a sketch
of his account.]
Kingston, 23d July, 1777.
Sir — I have now taken the liberty to furnish the House
with a general sketch of my account with the State, in or-
der that I may be enabled to procure some more cash, to
pay oflf sundry accounts of my contracting, which is cloth-
ing purchased for the use of our Continental troops, also
sundry articles of clothing now to be made.
In my account current have not given you the particulars,
and what the money was paid for, thinking it at this time
needless to recite the persons' names from whom the pur-
chases of goods were made, or even the kind, qualities or
quantities, of them. Being necessitated to call on your
Honourable House for an immediate supply of cash, flatter
myself you will comply to give me an order on the Trea-
surer for two thousand dollars, which sum will be sufficient
for the present disbursements.
There is sundry sums of cash due the State by Colos.
Cortlandt and Duboys, amounting to £303 Is. for blankets
delivered their regiments, as per the latter's receipt and the
former's order, both of which are in my hands with obliga-
tions for the discharge of said sums; which, when paid,
shall pass to the credit of the State. Colo. Gansevoort
stands debited to the Slate also for two hundred canteens,
delivered his regiment per order of Lieut. Colo. Willet,
amounting to £50 16s. 8d. which order is in my hands,
being all the security I have for that sum.
You may order my accounts to be furnished when you
think most convenient, as I flatter myself shall be able to
render sufficient vouchers for the whole of my disburse-
ments, so as to give satisfaction to the Auditor-General and
the public. Should not the matter respecting my salary be
reconsidered, and a genteel allowance made me for my at-
tendance on the pubHc business of this Slate shortly, by
your Honourable House, shall not be able to continue, as
the sum annexed to the resolve of the lOlh Fcby. uUo. is
scarce sufficient to defray my own expenses, never to think
of my family, who must be supported : therefore, gentle-
men, I pray you may have this matter adjusted to my sa-
tisfaction. I am, by no means, soliciting to become a pen-
sioner, but intend to render services adequate to my pay ,
but I do assure you lOs. per day will not pay me for my
trouble, in executing the present troublesome office. I had
mentioned in a few linos, which was laid before the House
some days ago, what 1 was willing to accept of as a consi-
deration for my office as commissary of clothing, therefore
504
CORRESPONDENgE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, 6cc.
shall not trouble you with a recital of it here. The pay I
have asked is moderate indeed, and such as will admit of
no dispute, I think.
I have the honour, sir,
To be, with all due respect.
Your most obedt. hble. servt.
JOHN HENRY.
The Honble. President of the
Council of Safety of the State of New- York.
John Henry in acct. currl. with the Slate of Nero-York.
1777. DR.
March 4. Cash reed, from the Treasurer per the hands
of Capt. Belknap, JE800 00 00
" 17, Cash reed, from the Treasurer, per the bands
of Egbert Benson, Esqr 800 00 00
May 28, Cash reed, from the Treasurer, per Mr. Curry, 800 00 00
Ditto for sundry shirts, shoes and breeches
sold the officers and others, 52 13 06
Balance due me, 0 17 06
X'2,453 11 00
1777. CR.
Feb. 16, By cash, paid sundry persons as per receipts, £104 09 04
March 3, Ditto Boyd & Drake, 404 12 02
" 3, Ditto sundry persons, 54 19 00
" 6, Ditto ditto 214 16 06
April 1, Ditto ditto 387 00 04
" 4, DiUo ditto 203 03 00
" 4, Ditto Henry Schenk, 183 12 09
" 25, Ditto cartage of blankete, stg. &c. .. 1 00 00
May 12, Ditto sundry persons, 546 16 10
June 11, Ditto ditto 310 19 02
July 2, Ditto ditto 24 05 H
July 10 & 14, Ditto ditto 17 04 00
" 19, Ditto cartage, 3 loads clothing, 0 12 00
£2,453 11 00
Errors excepted,
JOHN HENRY.
Kingston, 23d July, 1777.
[Extract of a letter from Fra. Lewis, Esq.]
Philadelphia, jlugust 22, 1776.
De&.r Sir — I some lime ago advised you that Congress
had appointed you to the command of the largest of the fri-
gates, called the Congress now at Poughkeepsie, and de-
sired you would furnish me with a list of such persons as
you would recommend for your commission and warrant
officers, but am as yet without your answer, so conclude
my letter miscarried. Pray let me hear from you as soon
as possible. (Signed,)
ERAS. LEWIS.
To Thomas Guenell.
WARRANT.
The marine committee appointed by Congress, to equip
and fit out the fleet of the United Stales, having received
such recommendations as satisfy them, that you
are duly qualified for the office of We have there-
fore appointed you the said to be on board the
hereby giving you full power to execute the office
aforesaid, agreeable lo the rules and regulations of the sea
service, and such orders as you may receive from your su-
perior officers. And for your so doing, this shall be your
sufficient warrant.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Dated at
[Extract of a letter from Francis Lewis.]
Philadelphia, July 2, 1776.
Dear Sir — I received your letter of the 25th ultimo,
•which I shall lay before the marine committee when next
they meet ; and shall urge the requisitions you make and
have no doubt of their being complied with.
(Signed,) ERAS. LEWIS.
To Thomas Grenell.
[Letter from Capt. Grenell, enclosing copies of letters from Francii
Lewis, Esqr. and informing Council that he was to have the appoint-
ment of his own officers.]
Ship Congress, off Fort Montgomery, July 20, 1777.
Gentlemen — I have received an order of your Board
dated the 16tli itist. witii blank warrants enclosed for boat-
swain and cook, for the frigate under my command, which
warrants I take the liberty to enclose and return you.
When I engaged to take the command of this ship, it
was on these express conditions, that I should have the
liberty of naming all officers on board, as by the enclosed
extracts of letters from Eras. Lewis, Esq. will to you ap-
pear.
Until this matter be settled to my satisfaction, I shall
decline having any thing lo do with the appointment of any
officers for the ship. As also, (when the present appear-
ance of danger shall subside,) resign the commission I at
present have the honour to hold.
Am with respect, gentlemen.
Your most obedient, humble servant,
THOS. GRENELL.
Honble. Council of Safety, State of New-York.
WARRANT.
The marine committee appointed by Congress, to equip
and fit out the fleet of the United States, having received
such recommendations as satisfy them, that you
are duly qualified for the office of We have there-
fore appointed you the said lo be on board the
hereby giving you full power to execute the office
aforesaid, agreeable to the rules and regulations of the
sea service, and such order as you may receive from your
superior officers. And for your so doing, this shall be
your sufficient warrant.
JOHN HANCOCK, Presidt.
Dated at
[Letter from Capt. John Hodges.]
Ship Montgomery, July 23, 1777.
Gentn. — Your letter of 16lh inst. I duly received, with
blank warrants for only boatswain and cook, which I lake
the liberty of returning unfilled.
Captn. Grenell and myself look for granted, when we
accepted the command of the ships, we had an undoubted
right to nominate and appoint all our officers. A letter
from Francis Lewis, Esq. (one of the honourable marine
committee,) dated 21st August last, empowered us to do
it ; on the strength of which I appointed my sea and ma-
rine officers, the latter have acted as such on board, for
these two months' past, and have had a number of men
drafted from diflferent regiments, as marines under their
command ; and it surprised me much, to find that those
gentlemen's commissions have not been forwarded, or even
taken notice of, by the honourable marine committee. I
find you, gentlemen, doubt the propriety of taking the cap-
tains of the Camden privateer and Washington galley, for
my lieutenants ; it has always been a rule and custom for
lieutenants of a frigate to take the command of armed ves-
sels not exceeding ten guns, and if I mistake not, 'tis agree-
able to the resolves of Congress.
I shall use my utmost endeavours to look out for persons
qualified for master, surgeon, gunner, &c. and advise you
when any offers that I can freely nominate and appoint.
I am, gentn. yr. most hum. serv.
JOHN HODGES.
The Hon. the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Albany Committee.]
Albany, July 5th, 1777.
Sir — You are requested to appear before the committee
on Monday the 7th instant July, in order to prove what you
have alleged against Conradt A. Ten Eyck, Patrick Cal-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. &c.
505
lenen, and Ephraim P. Bogardiis. You are to bring all the
evidences you can procure. You are not to fail.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To William Adams.
Ephraim Bogardus and Patrick Callagan are not appre-
hended and sent off in consequence of William Adminston's
complaint, 21st July, 1777.
By order of committee.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
[Letter from David McCarty to the Council. J
Coeymans, Jaly 22d, 1777.
Sir — The wife of one Ephraim P. Bogardus has applied
to me to assist her in getting her husband liberated from
one of the ships, where he is, with one Patrick Callanan,
confined as a tory. I know no way in my power to assist
her, other than letting your Board know the grounds on
which those persons were apprehended, viz :
William Adamson applied to me as a magistrate, to issue
a precept against one Coenradt A. Ten Eyck, as he com-
plained that he, Coenradt A. Ten Eyck, had been the day
before his making this complaint, at his house, with the said
Ephraim P. Bogardus and Patrick Callanan, his common
associates, who were all of those who had enlisted for the
King in the late affair ; when he. Ten Eyck, began abus-
ing Adamson for being an evidence against him in the late
affair ; said he was a free man now, and would have re-
venge, &c. ; struck Adamson, kicked his wife, (at the
point of lying in) ; and in drinking of healths or toasts,
drank " Damnation to the Congress."
Upon which complaint I wrote to the general committee
of Albany for instructions how to proceed. They ordered
me to send the three under guard to Albany, which I did.
This is as near as my memory does contain, the whole
that came to my knowledge. I believe the parties never
had- any hearing. Those lu'o were sent on board the ship,
and Mr. Ten Eyck confined to his farm.
All I can say in behalf of the prisoners is, that they have
candidly owned their attachment to the King from the first ;
have frequently contributed money towards raising of men,
though never would do any personal service.
I am, with due respect,
Your most humble servt.
DAVID McCARTY.
To the President of the Council of Safety
for the State of New-York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Capt. Benson, warder of the Fleet prison, informing the
Council of the escape of some prisoners.]
July 22, 1777.
Gent. — Last evening at eight o'clock, I ordered the sen-
tries placed on board the brig where the Albany prisoners
are confined, to be relieved ; the sergeant with two of the
guard accordingly went to relieve on board the said vessel,
when, according to their account to me, (which I can not
say I put as much confidence in as I could wish,) on their
coming on board, they were laid hold of and disarmed, four
in number of the guard ; the prisoners immediately got
into the canoe, thirteen in number, and went on shore, and
are gone off, I believe on the north side of the creek ; their
names you have here enclosed. I think it very extraordi-
nary that four men should be secured, one after another,
without their giving the least alarm ; they having been se-
cured near about half an hour before we discovered it, and
the prisoners gone, and should not have discovered it so
soon, had I not ordered the part of the gnru'd which came
from Kingston, and arrived here half after eight o'clock, to
relieve them that were on sentry, who, on their coming on
board the vessel found them all disarmed.
I remain, vr. mt. ob. h. st.
HENRY BENSON, Wr.
The Hon. the Council of Safety.
[vol. U.] 127
Names of the prisoners who escaped :
John Woodside,
Wm. Hamilton,
Patrick Kallallin,
John Helmer,
Hendrick Runion,
John Summerville,
Duncan Robinson.
Daniel Frazier,
John Ferman,
Archibald McNiel,
Christopher Service,
George Charters.
Robert Coventryi
[Letter from Ph. Schuyler, at Fort Edward.]
Fort Edward, July 21st, 1777.
Sir — I am honoured with your letter of the 17th instant,
and the papers it enclosed.
The substance of Colo. Harper's and Mr. Johnson's in-
formation had been transmitted about a month ago : In
consequence whereof I sent Colo. Van Schaick into Tryon
county, with as many troops as I could collect. After the
improper agreement made by General Herkimer, these
troops marched back ; but as soon as I was informed of
their march, I ordered them to remain in Tryon county,
where they are still, and I have sent up Colo. Wesson's
Continental regiment to reinforce these ; but if I may be
allowed to judge of the temper of General Herkimer, and
the committee of Tryon county, from their letters to me,
nothing will satisfy them unless I march the whole army
into that quarter.
With deference to the better judgment of the Council of
Safety, I can not by any means think it prudent to bring on
an open rupture with the savages at this time. The inha-
bitants of Tryon county, as you will have perceived by
copy of some letters which I have had the honour to trans-
mit you, are already too much inclined to lay down their
arms and take what terms the enemy are pleased to afford
them. Half of the militia from this county and the neigh-
bouring State of Massachusetts we have been under the
necessity of dismissing, lest the whole should go, and I
believe what are left will only remain a few days. The
Continental troops I have in this quarter are under three
thousand, and the enemy increasing with tories, who daily
join them in very considerable numbers. Should we in
this situation precipitate a rupture with the Indians, we
should probably involve ourselves in the most inextricable
difficulties.
If I should ask the Indians for leave to build a fort at
Onaghquaque, I am very certain it would be refused me,
and prejudice us in their minds. I have hopes that they
will meet me at Albany in a week or two ; if they do, I
shall be under no apprehensions that they will join against
us.
As Mr. Morris and I apprehend that the resolutions of
Congress of the 30lh ult. were enclosed in the letters to
Messrs. Webster, Clark, &:c. and as we were both clearly
of opinion that its present publication would be extremely
prejudicial, it was resolved that tlie letters should be open-
ed, which was done by Mr. Morris.
I enclose you the proceedings of a council of general
officers, held at this place on the 20th inst. You will per-
ceive that we have been drove to the necessity of permit-
ting some of the militia to return to their plantations ; the
remainder have promised to stay three weeks ; that is to
say, unless they choose to return sooner, which will doubt-
less be the case, and for which they have many reasons.
Two British brigades and some foreigners are at Skcnes-
borough, some to the eastward, and a part of their force are
gone round by the way of Ticonderoga into Lake George.
Those from Skenesborough are culling a road towards
Fort Ann, prob;iblv with intent to pay us a visit.
I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Hon. PiEBBE Van Cortlandt, &c. &c.
606
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, «kc.
[Letter from John Kortz jr. and Barent Weager, in behalf of Andrew
Young.]
Kingston Jail, south room, July 2Qlh, 1777.
Gentlemen — Prompted by humanity, we use the free-
dom to inform you, that Andrew Young, confined in this
room, on suspicion of loryism, has been for these two days
past, excessively bad of an ardent fever and distemper in
his throat. The man is now utterly incapable to take care
of himself, and destitute of every requisite for a sick per-
son. We consider arguments unnecessary to induce your
Honours to acts of humanity, and are persuaded that as
soon as you receive this information, you will order him to
be removed to a place where he may be properly attended
and supplied with such necessaries as his condition re-
quires.
We are, with the most cordial esteem,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedient servants,
JOHN KORTZ, JuNR.
BARENT WEAGER,
In name of the prisoner.
The Honourable Conncil of Safety
for the Slate of New- York.
[Letter from James H. Kip, relative to tea belonging to Messrs. James
Caldwell and John Maley, seized at New- Windsor.]
New- Windsor, July Uth, 1777.
Sir — This serves to inform you that two of your wagons
arrived this morning ; the other one is yet behind about 70
milesj'where they left him, he having met with an accident
of his wagon breaking. (The goods delivered are as men-
tioned at foot.)
I am sorry to inform you that the women ! in this place
have risen in a mob, and are now selling a box of lea of
yours at 6s. per lb. How they knew or got intelligence
of it, is uncertain ; but have just now heard how they dis-
covered it. A wagoner put up at Mr. Shulls's tavern,
Saturday night, and called for lea for his supper, which
they had not. He then said that there was a box of tea
in this place, or would be in soon — when some of the in-
habitants of this place were by. The women, about 30 in
number, came and broke open the boxes, &c. The box is
one that is mentioned in a receipt you left me for the wa-
goner to sign, (of Saml. McKenzie.)
I would by all means advise you to come down imme-
diately, to see yourself justified. We have a list of the
principal ringleaders, and make no doubt but that you will
get satisfaction. I wish that you had let me know of such
an article, and I would have found means to save it.
Your immediate presence will much oblige,
Sir,
Your friend and very huml. servant,
JAMES H. KIP.
Goods received, are : 1 blue chest, 2 trunks, 1 large
box (the one broke open and sold), 1 small box, 1 hogs-
head— one load.
One box. No. 1 ; 1 box, No. 2 ; 1 box, No. 3 ; 1 box,
No. 5 ; 8 barrels — one load.
[Letter from Genl. Putnam, relative to some furniture and apparel be-
longing to Mrs. Palmer, whose husband is gone over to the enemy.]
Head-Quarters, ?
Peekskill, July Idth, 1777. S
Dear Sir — Enclosed is a schedule of articles taken by
Henry Carman and others, out of a trunk hid in the field
by Lewis Palmer, who some time past went to the enemy.
Upon information and complaint made by Palmer's w'ife, I
inquired of the witnesses, and sent for Carman ; ordered
an inquiry, which was to have been last Monday. Sunday
night Carman was taken by the tories, as is said. Part of
the things, as you will see by the enclosed, are returned.
and in my custody. I understand that these things were
not reported to the commillee, as the provisions and other
things were, which were taken. Whether the Conventioa
meant to strip the women and children of their necessary
apparel and furniture, I submit? But certain it is, that the
things belong either to the woman or the State.
1 desire the advice and direction of the Convention in
the premises. Also in respect to the families that arc left
about here, with one or two cows each, and a quantity of
grain and grass upon the ground — whether they are not to
take so much grain and grass as will be sufficient for their
subsistence, and the remainder be for the use of the State ?
I have supposed that would be agreeable, and have given
some orders accordingly ; but if it is not, shall expect dif-
ferent directions from the Convention.
In the mean time, am, respectfully.
Your most obedient, humble servant,
ISRAEL PUTNAM.
Honble. Pierre Van Cobtlandt.
[Memorandum of Mrs. Palmer's furniture and wearing apparel, whick
have been taken from her. J
Things that were taken away. Returned to the Genl. — reed.
5 silk gowns 2
1 gorazet do 1
1 chintz do 1
1 white linen do.
10 or 12 pr. linen sheets 3|
3 and five shifts 4
3 diaper tablecloths 1
10 handkerchiefs, lawn, cambrick and gauze 7
3 lawn aprnns 1
3 pr. brushes 1
2 waistcoats 2
1 brown taffaty quilt 1
1 velvet cloak, trimmed with ermine
1 white satin 1
■5 ribbands 3
3 fillets
1 chintz bedspread 1
3 chine coverlids 2
8^ yds. black velvet 5i
3 J do Manchester du 1|
3 do blue satin
2 do red Persian
6^ do missanett 6^
3 do silk poplin
13 silver spoons, 4 large, and 9 small 3 smaU
20 yds. new diaper 3
10 do of eight hundred linen
1 napkin
2 strings wax beads
1 needlecase of nuns' work, and a ring.
[Letter from Abm. Yates.]
Albany, July 20, 1777.
Sir — I arrived at Albany on Thursday evening, where
I staid, in expectation of being joined by another member,
until Sunday morning, when I set out for Fort Edward,
where I arrived the next day morning, and found the Ge-
neral employed in obstructing the roads from Ty. by
the way of Fort Ann ; and removing the stores from Lake
George, to abandon it ; the last was completed the Thurs-
day following, the 17ih. The reason given for the re-
treat from Ty. does not weigh with me, perhaps from
my total ignorance in military matters and the geography of
the country. I wish I was alone of that opinion ; both the
Continental troops and militia are discontented wiih the
measure, and when I first arrived I was apprehensive that
it would be the means of more mischief. I have several
times walked in between parties of twenty and thirty of
the militia that were standing together in the encampment
overhauling the matter, and asked them whether they did
not think with me that this was a very hard blow ? they
answered yes ; and wliether they would choose to ingraft
another misfortune upon it ? they answered no ? I then
told them, if that was the case, as I am persuaded it was,
they must leave off tormenting themselves with a measure
they nor no one else could recall — that it might occasion
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
507
mischief, but could do no good. A good ploughman looks
forwaid, not backward, and that if we would act like wise
men, that we had men and every thing else sufficient to
hinder the enemy from penetrating into the country. The
reasons given for abandoning the fortificalions at Tyconde-
roga, are, that there were not a sufficient number of troops
to defend it, and although a reinforcement had come, there
would not have been provisions sufficient ; that the pass by
the way of Fort George was already cut off ; that Mount
Hope was in the hands of the enemy, who were raising a
battery thereon ; from all of which they (a council of ge-
neral officers) concluded that should they attempt to stay,
the whole army must have fallen into the hands of the
enemy.
The proceedings of Genl. Burgoyneyou will learn from
the enclosed proclamation and summons. To the last,
Genl. Scliuyler has issued a counter proclamation, wherein
he tells the people of these towns that if they fall in with
the proposals of Genl. Burgoyne, they make themselves
guilty of treason, and will be proceeded against with the
utmost rigour of the law. The issue of the meeting of
Skeen with these towns, we are not yet informed of.
From the westward we hear that the people are too
much alarmed — they have an account that Sir John, But-
ler, &c. are at Oswego, with a large army ; that the Indi-
ans treat with them ; and apprehend that he will get the
Five Nations to take up the hatchet against us. By the
lime you receive this, you will know what route the south-
ern army will take. We may depend upon their stretching
every nerve ; and it behoves us to do so too ; and if we do,
we will sooner or later do with this army as Genl. Wa-
shington did with Genl. Howe's, I am persuaded.
When I went up I did not expect to stay more than two
or three days, as I did not expect I should have been joined
by a member, in the room of Mr. Livingston, the weather
being so bad that Mr. Morris did not arrive until Wednes-
day following. I had not taken any medicines nor clothes
with me, which made me set out yesterday morning for
this place, and shall return to-morrow morning to Fort Ed-
ward, and remain
Your very humb. st.
ABM. YATES, Jun.
FiEBBE Van Corti^andt, Esqr.
[Letter from the Committee of Albany.]
Albany Committee Chamber, >
mh July, mi. s
Hon'd Sir — I am directed by the committee to inform
you, that they have come to a resolution to permit Walter
Carpenter (now confined on board the Fleet prison) to re-
turn to his place of abode, upon his taking the oath of alle-
giance ; his refusing to take it some time ago was the cause
of his imprisonment.
I am, hon'd sir.
Your most humble servt.
By order.
JOHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
To the Hon'ble the President of the
Council of Safety.
[Letter from the Schoharie Committee.]
ScHOHARY Committee Chamber, ?
July 17, 1777. 5
Gentlemen — The late advantage gained over us by
our enemy, has such effect upon numbers here, that many
we thought steady friends to the State seem now to draw
back ; our State, therefore, is deplorable ; all our fron-
tiers, except those that arc to take protection from the ene-
my, is gone, so that we are entirely open to the Indians
and lories, which we expect every hour to come to this
settlement ; part of our militia is at Fort Edward ; the few
that are here, many of them are unwilling to take up arms
to defend themselves, as they are not able to stand against
so great a number of declared enemies, who speak openly
without any reserve. Therefore, if your Honours do not
grant us immediate relief, of about five hundred men, to
iielp to defend us, we must either fall a prey to the enemy
or take protection also. For further particulars, we refer
you to the bearer. Col. Wills, in whom we confide to give
you a true account of our state and situation and of the
back setilements, as he is well acquainted with them. We
beg that your Honours will be pleased to send us an an-
swer by the bearer.
We remain
Your Hons, most obedient humble servt.
Signed by order of committee.
JOHANNES BALL, Chairman.
To the Honourable Council of Safety
of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Tryon County Committee.]
Tryon County Committee Chamber, ?
July 18, 1777. 5
Honourable Gentlemen — We are much indebted for
public services done upon our orders on the behalf of our
county ; and as a good many poor people have been em-
ployed therein, who want their money, and in our trouble-
some circumstances much service is required extraordinary,
and the delay of payment discourage the people. There-
fore, we beg that you will please to send us by the bearer
hereof, Mr. Frederick Hellmer, a member of this board,
the sum of one thousand pounds of money, if possible, to
defray such necessary expenses, and charge the same to
our county. There have several services of our militia,
at sundry times, been expended upon orders by the com-
mittee or Brigadier-General Herkemer, to the best of our
country's cause. We are almost daily attacked for the pay-
ment of the same, and some have already declared, that
they would not do any further service in the militia duties,
if they won't get soon their justly deserved wages and ra-
tions paid.
We, therefore, entreat you to favour us with your in-
structions, where to apply for such pay, and in what man-
ner the pay rolls must be drawn.
Your kind grant of our requests will encourage our ser-
vice, particularly at this critical time, and oblige us. In
humble respects, always being,
Honor'ble gentlemen,
Your obedt. humble servt.
By ord. of the committee.
WILLIAM SCEBER, Chairman.
To the Honble. Committee of Safety
in the State of New-York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Philip Schuyler.]
Saratoga, July 18th, 1777.
Sir — I do myself the honour to inclose you two letters
under flying seal for His Excellency General Washington,
which you will please to peruse, seal and forward. I wish
care may be taken that the papers enclosed may not be
mixed so as to cause any mistakes in putting them up.
I am exceedingly chagrined at the pusillanimous spirit
which prevails in the county of Tryon ; I apprehend much
of it is to be imputed to the timidity of the leading persons
in that quarter ; they want a fillup, which I humbly con-
ceive can only be given ihem by sending two or three per-
sons from the Council of Safety, and sending down the
principal lories.
I have ordered, by advice of your committee, all the cattle
and carriages in front of my line to be drove in the rear,
and shall expend all the forage, if the enemy give me time
to do it.
If I had about one thousand Continental troops, in ad-
dition to those now above and on the march between this
608
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &;c.
and Salisbury, I should venture to keep only every third
man of the mililia, and send the remainder down.
I am, sir, most respectfully,
Your obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
To the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Jacob Cuyler.]
Albany, July llth, IITI.
Dear Sir — The bearer, Mr. James Callvvcll, has pur-
chased very lately a quantity of tea at Philadelphia; lie
ordered it to New-Windsor, with directions to be sent from
ihence to this place by water. Since his arrival at home
he has received the disagreeable account that the public
have seized it, at or near Nevy-Windsor, and that it has
been sold for 65. per pound ; the loss to liim is certainly very
great ; he informs me that it cost him six dollars per pound.
He now goes down to the Council of Safety for their ad-
vice and assistance. Mr. Callwell has always proved him-
self a friend to the cause of America, and has in every re-
spect and on all occasions exerted himself to the utmost.
If you can give him any advice or assistance consistent
■with the disposition of the people and the welfare of the
country, I should esteem it as a favour done to me.
I am, sir, with respect and esteem.
Your most obedt.
JACOB CUYLER.
To John Jay, Esqr.
[Letter from Governeur Morris.]
Saratoga, llth July, 1777.
Sir — I left Fort-Edward with Genl. Schuyler at noon,
and shall return thither some time to morrow morning.
Fort George was destroyed yesterday afternoon, previous
to which, the provisions, stores, balteaux, &c. were remov-
ed, and this morning about ten o'clock the last of them
passed us about three miles to the northward of Fort Ed-
ward, at which place all the troops from the lake have ar-
rived, and these, together with some others, form our ad-
vanced post towards Fort George ; about twelve hundred,
perhaps more, are somewhat farther advanced upon the road
to Fort Anne. The enemy have not yet made any motion
that we know of, nor indeed can they make any of conse-
quence until they shall have procured carriages, and then
they may find it rather difficult to come ihis way, if proper
care be taken to prevent them from procuring forage. For
this purpose, 1 shall give it as my opinion to the General,
whenever he asks it, to break up all the settlements upon
our northern frontier, to drive off the cattle, secure or de-
stroy the forage, &c. ; and also to destroy the saw mills.
These measures, harsh as they may seem, are, I am con-
fident, absolutely necessary. They ought undoubtedly to
be taken with prudence, and temperately carried into exe-
cution. But I will venture to say, that if we lay it down
as a maxim, never to contend for ground but in the last ne-
cessity, to leave nothing but a wilderness to the enemy,
iheir progress must be impeded by obstacles which it is not
in human nature to surmount ; and then, unless we have
with our usual good nature, built posts for iheir defence,
they must at the approach of winter retire to the place from
whence they at first set out. The mililia from the east-
ward come in by degrees, and I expect we shall soon be
in force to carry on the petite guerre to advantage, provided
always, Burgoyne attempts to annoy us, for it is pretty
clear that we cannot get at him.
I enclose you some despatches the General received this
day from Trvon county ; you will perceive that our friends
of Cherry-Valley feel poorly, and knowing more of the art
of war than any body else, take upon them to countermand
General Herkimer's orders to his militia. By the b}^, it is
said that the good man himself is troubled with weak nerves
and a plentiful lack of judgment. I will not be so hardy
as to presume that this is the case with the General, but on
the other hand, as it must be confessed, that there are some
diseases in the political system of tliat county, whicii it is
not in his power to cure. Would it not be useful to send
some person or other in whom you can repose confidence,
and to entrust him with confidential powers? If at the
same time only one hundred men of tiie militia of Ulster
and Dutchess were sent thither for the purpose of securing
the disaffected, and at the same lime convincing them that
you are not inattentive to their affairs ; I imagine it would
be productive of good effects. Genl. Schuyler hath de-
termined to afTord them every assistance in his power, and
for that purpose intends to send them a remnant of troops
which was left at Albany as a guard to liie public maga-
zines; these are to be replaced by militia. It is really
terrible that matters of such infinite importance must be
put to the hazard for the sake of men who have not spirit
to assemble in their own defence against a herd of savages.
Unless sir, some means can be devised to infuse a little
spirit into their bosoms, and to awe not only tlie disaffected
but what is of equal importance, the chattering of those men
who in prosperity impede and in adversity ruin your aflTairs.
I think 1 can foresee the most dangerous consequences,
should Johnson attack them at the head of fifty men.
I hope it may not be understood that I presume to dictate
any measures, sir, to the members of Council, and at the
same time I beg you to believe and assure them that I have
the highest confidence in their superior wisdom, that they
will take the most effectual steps for the public security,
and that
I am, with great respect,
Youj most obedient and humble servant,
GOUVR. MORRIS.
18/A July, 8 o'clock, A. M.
Genl. Schuyler, tells me that the Tryon county letters
are to be copied for Genl. Washington, and so sent that you
may see them ; I shall therefore spare myself the trouble
of copying them, for which I have neither time nor incli-
nation. We have no news of any nature or kind whatever.
[Letter from Matthew Visscher.]
Albany, nth July, 1777.
HoND. Sir — I am directed by the committee of Albany
to send you, agreeable to Messrs. Yates and Morris's re-
quest, the enclosed letters. We have nothing from the
North worth mentioning, but that the stores from Fort
George, are all safely brought to Fort Edward, and that
Major Yates with about 700, still possesses the former.
I am, hond. sir, your most humble servt.
MAT. VISSCHER, Sec'y.
To the Hon. President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from Abm. P. Lott, Esq.]
Boston, July 16, 1777.
Dear Sir — At my arrival here I was informed by Col.
Seares he had not received any papers for me, as Esquire
Cob told me the copy of the letter to the representative of
Boston was sent. You will be kind enough to send it ;
also a permit for Col. Seares and David Dixsion ; also the
papers which Gen. Scott was to draw, concerning the brig
of Mr. Hollett, as Mr. Blackwell is waiting here on that
account. We are informed here, by a letter from Tye,
that there were not three thousand men in that fort when
the regulars came against it. Most of the people here,
judge Gen. Schuyler hard, and believe the fort was given
up by deceit ; but as they are all talk and do but very little
towards the support of the war, as by what I can find they
have not sent above one quarter of their men to Tye, and
great numbers of their men laying along the road, which
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
509
were ordered to Peekskill. You will please to send the
enclosed.
I remain your friend,
ABM. P. LOTT.
To John McKesson, Esq.
LLetter from Lieut. Elisha Hawley.]
July 16, 1777.
Gent. — I, the undernamed subscriber, was appointed
by your said Honourable Convention, lieutenant in the
corps of rangers, now under the command of Captain Ben-
jamin Wait, and have served in said corps since first rais-
ed ; but by the death of my wife, who has left behind a
small and numerous family of helpless children, together
with divers other disappointments, renders me incapable
of further service in my present silualion ; therefore make
this my voluntary resignation. Given under my hand, this
16th day of July, 1777.
^ ELISHA HAW LEY, Lieut.
To the Honourable Convention
of the State of New-York.
[Letter from Mr. Harper, of Tryon county.]
Cherry Valley, 8 o'clock P. M., July 8, 1777.
Sir — I ihis moment returned from a tour in the woods
with a salt manufacturer and flint cutter, which I had pro-
cured, and been in search of those articles. On my arri-
val here I met a member of the committee, who had just
returned from a meeting of that body. He informs me
that last Friday there were two more men killed and four
taken at Fort Schuyler ; and that a scout of 9 Indians have
since been seen at the German Flatts. And I have this in-
stant, for the first lime seen Loudon's paper of the 16th of
June, in which the public are informed that a strong party
were sent to Cherry Valley, to keep the tories in awe ; and
as you may not be duly informed of the true slate of the
frontiers, and they suffer in consequence, I think it my duty
to inform you by express, that whatever the detachment
was sent for, there was not one known lory in this place,
nor many suspected till the scandalous expedition and treaty
at Tunadilla, and the lying of the party mentioned, so long in
the middle of this place without being the least security to
any of the inhabitants in these parts, except a very few fami-
lies near where they lay ; which has so alarmed the people,
that there is great reason to believe that a great many will
on the first opportunity take protection of Brant, as many
at Tunadilla have done.
It is sufficient to make the heart of a stone bleed to see
our friends flying to a place of no more security than where
they came from, without ihe least assistance except a small
guard of the militia to Sconaveses.
Gentlemen, you may depend that if there is not speedy
and effectual means taken to secure the south and west
parts of this county, all the true friends lo our cause will
fly and leave their places and the most beautiful crops ever
seen in these pans, to the enemy, as the friends on the
Susquehanna have done. As for me, please God to spare
my family till morning, that I get home, I will remove
them, except I be intercepted, which is not unlikely, as I
live six miles beyond where the parly now lies ; and espe-
cially as several of the officers have lold uie that their ex-
press orders are not to molest any Indian except they first
attack them. They conceive that according to their or-
ders, if they should see the enemy murdering ihe inhabi-
tants, they could not be justified in defending lliem. And
we are now informed that 50 out of the party lliat is here,
are to march to-morrow to guard a parly in culling a road
from the German Flails to Fort Schuyler. Gentlemen we
look to you for protection, whose duly it is to protect us,
and on whom we rely as the guardians of every part of
the State,
I am, gentlemen.
Your most sincere and devoted servant,
WILLIAM HARPER.
[Vol. n.] 128
P. You may inquire of Mr. Johnston, the bearer, a
sincere friend and sufferer, concerning Brant's expedition to
Tunadilla, of which he can give you an account.
The Honble. the Council of Safety
for the State of New- York.
[Letter from Committee at Harpersfield.]
Harpersfield, July Ath, 1777.
Gentlemen — The late irruptions and hostilities com-
mitted at Tunadilla, by Joseph Brant with a party of In-
dians and tories, have so alarmed the well-affected inhabi-
tants of this and the neighbouring settlements, who are now
the entire frontier of this State, that except your Honours
doth afford us immediate protection, we shall be obliged to
leave our settlements to save our lives and families ; espe-
cially as there is not a man on the outside of us, but such
as have taken protection of Brant, and many of them have
threatened our destruction in a short time, the particular
circumstances of which Colonel Harper (who will wait on
your Honours) can give you a full account of, by whom we
hope for your protection, in what manner to conduct our-
selves.
We are your Honours,
Most obedient humble servants,
Signed by order,
ISAAC PATCHIN, Chairman.
To the Honble. Council of Safety,
or Legislature of the State of New- York.
[Resolutions of Congress relative to the revolted subjects in the north
eastern parts of this State.]
In Congress, >
Monday, 30th June, 1777. $
Congress, agreeably to the order of the day, resolved
itself into a committee of the whole, to take into conside-
ration the letters from Abraham Ten Broeck, Esq. Presi-
dent of the Convention of the State of New-York, dated
20th January and 1st March, 1777 ; the resolutions passed
in Committee of Safety for the State of New-York, at
Fishkill, 20lh of January, 1777, iransmilled with the above
letters ; a petition signed Jonas Fay, Thomas Chittenden,
Heman Allen and Reuben Jones, in the name and behalf
of the people styling themselves inhabitants of the New-
Hampshire Grants, dated New-Hampshire Grants, West-
minster, 15ih January, 1777 ; a letter from Pierre Van
Cortlandt, Esq. President of the Council of Safety of
New-York, dated 28lh May, 1777 ; and a printed paper,
signed "A word to the wise is sufficient," containing an
extract from the minutes of Congress, and a letter to the
inhabitants of Vermont, signed Thomas Young, dated
Philadelphia, 11th April, 1777, laid before Congress the
23d instant by the Delegates of New-York ; and after some
time, the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison
reported, That the committee have had under considera-
tion the letters and papers to them referred, and have come
to sundry resolutions thereupon, which he is ready to re-
port whenever the Congress shall please to receive them.
Ordered, That the report be now received.
The report from the committee of the whole was then
read, and agreed to, as follows :
Resolved, That Congress is composed of Delegates
chosen by, and representing, the communities respectively
inhabiting the territories of New-Hampsliire, Mass.ichu-
setts-Bay, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations, Con-
necticut, New-York, Ncw-Jcr.sey, Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina and
Georgia, as they respectively stood at the lime of its first
institution ; — that it was insulutcd for the purpose of se-
curing and defending the communities aforesaid, against
the usurpations, oppressions and hostile invasions of Great-
Britain ; — and that therefore it cannot be intended that
Congress by any of its proceedings would do, recommend,
510
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
or countenance any thing injurious to the rights and juris-
dictions of the several comtnunilies which it represents.
Resolved, That the independent governnnent allempled
to be eslablislicd by the people styhng themselves inhabi-
tants of the New-Hannpshire Grants, can derive no coun-
tenance or justification from the act of Congress declaring
the United Colonies to be independent of the crown of
Great-Britain, nor from any other act or resolution of Con-
gress.
Resolved, That the petition of Jonas Fay, Thomas
Chittenden, Heman Allen and Reuben Jones, in the name
and behalf of the people styling themselves as aforesaid,
praying " that their declaration, that they would consider
themselves as a free and independent State, may be re-
ceived ; that the district in the said petition described may
be ranked among the free and independent Stales, and that
Delegates therefrom may be admitted to seals in Congress,"
be dismissed.
Resolved, That Congress, by raising and officering the
regiment commanded by Col. Warner, never meant to
give any encouragement to the claim of the people afore-
said, to be considered as an independent State ; but that
the reason which induced Congress to form thai corps was,
that many officers of different Slates, who had served in
Canada, and alleged that they would soon raise a regiment,
but were then unprovided lor, might be reinstated in the
service of the United States.
Whereas a printed paper, addressed to the inhabitants
of the district aforesaid, dated Philadelphia, lllh April,
1777, and subscribed "Thomas Young," was laid before
Congress on the 23d instant, by the Delegates of New-
York, to which address is prefixed the resolution of Con-
gress of the 15th of May, 1776, and in which are contained
the following paragraphs :
" I have taken ihe minds of several of the leading
members of the Honourable the Continental Congress,
and can assure you that you have nothing to do but to send
attested copies of the recommendation to take up govern-
ment to every township in your district, and invite all the
freeholders and inhabitants to meet in their respective
townships, and choose members for a general Convention,
to meet at an early day to choose Delegates for the general
Congress and Commillee of Safety, and to form a consti
tution for your Slate. — Your friends here tell me, that some
are in doubt whether Delegates from your district would
be admitted into Congress ; I tell you, to organize fairly,
and make the experiment, and I will ensure you success
at the risk of my reputation as a man of honour or com-
mon sense ; indeed they can by no means refuse you ; you
have as good a right to choose how you will be governed,
and by whom, as they had."
Resolved, That the contents of the said paragraphs are
derogatory to the honour of Congress, and a gross misre-
presentation of the resolution of Congress therein refeired
to, and lend to deceive and mislead the people to whom
they are addressed.
(Extract from the journals.)
CHARLES THOMSON, Secretary.
In Cotjncil of Safety, for the State of New-York, >
Kingston, July 31, 1777. J
Whereas it hath pleased Almighty God for the trial of
our virtue, and the punishment of our manifold offences,
to direct the operation of the enemy's arms against this
State, and halh thereby, not only called on us to repent
sincerely of our sins, but manfully to maintain those ines-
imable privileges which he hath graciously been pleased
to bestow, and will still, as we firmly hope, mercifully
continue to us, if we are not wanting to ourselves;
And whereas it halh been represented to this Council,
that many able bodied men withdraw themselves from the
service of their country, under the exemption granted by
the militia law, and refuse to contribute any thing to the
expense of such as go into actual service : Therefore,
Resolved, That upon any future draft from the militia,
all persons below the age of sixty years, as well such as
are exempt by office, or profession, as otherwise ; and all
who have heretofore borne commissions, (except such as
are hereafter excepted) shall be forthwith enrolled with the
captain of the company, in whose beat they reside ; and
that previous to such draft, the field officers of the regi-
ment to which such exempts belong, shall choose two sub-
stantial freeholders out of ihe commissioned officers of the
said regiment, who, in case of any disagreement, may
choose a lliird lo be assessors of the said regiment, which
said assessors, having taken an oalh before the officer com-
manding the regiment, to act with justice and impartiality,
shall, before any draft made, assess the said exempts
for their personal service, in proportion to the value of that
personal service and their estates ; provided that such as-
sessment shall not exceed ten dollars for every monih for
which such militia shall be draughted, nor be less than one
dollar per month ; which money so assessed, shall (if un-
paid after notice given,) be levied in like manner, as the
fines of each regiment are, and shall be given as a bounty
to such of the regiment as enter into the service, for the
lime for which such draft is ordered to be made.
Provided nevertheless, If any exempt shall prefer stand-
ing his draft lo paying the sum assessed, it shall be at
his option so to do, and in case of his being drafted,
he shall go into actual service, or find a person to serve in
his stead.
Resolved, That ihe above resolutions, shall not extend
lo such persons as shall have procured a soldier to enlist in
either of the Continental battalions directed to be raised in
this Slate, agreeable lo the resolution of the late Conven-
tion of the third day of April last, or the several resolu-
tions of ihis Council, continuing the same, nor to mem-
bers of the Legislature, or their necessary officers, nor to
judges, justices, and the sheriffs, who have actually quali-
fied under the present Consliuilion, nor lo ministers of the
gospel, nor lo the chairman and two members of every
county commillee, lo be chosen either by vole of the said
committee, or by lot, nor to the chairman and two mem-
bers of every precinct or district commillee, to be chosen
in like manner, who are hereby empowered to act, in case
the other members of such commillee should be drafted,
in like manner as if they were the majorities of such com-
miilees, nor lo infirm men, whose estates do not exceed
the value of two hundred pounds, to be determined by the
said assessors.
It is nevertheless earnestly recommended to all those,
who are by their civil appointments prevented from render-
ing personal service in a military line, lo encourage the
draft by generous contributions, in like manner as if they
had been actually assessed.
Resolved, That the above resolutions shall continue in
force until twenty days after the meeting of the future
Legislature, unless sooner repealed.
And whereas many exempts and officers, who have
heretofore borne commissions in the county of Dutchess,
have voluntarily associated themselves for the defence of
American liherly :
Resolved, That such of the said exempts as choose to
render personal service, shnll be permitted to go out with
ihe militia, under the command of such officers as they
shall hiive chosen, notwithstanding any assessment which
may have been made upon ihem, in the regiment in which
they are enrolled, by virtue of the above resolutions. And
in case any of the said exempts shall rather choose to pay
the said suin, so as above assessed, it shall be paid in like
manner, as if they had not associated, lo the use of the
regiment in which he or they are enrolled as above.
By order of the Council.
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT, President.
Attest.
John McKesson, Sec'ry.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
511
[Letter from Gouv. Morris, at Fori-Edward.]
Fort-Edward, 16th July, 1777.
Sir — I arrived here yesterday noon, and last evening
had some little conversation with the General and others
upon the present state of our affairs. They are far from
being such as could be wished. Genl, Nixon's brigade,
whicii ought to have consisted of at least fifteen hundred
men, has four regiments, the whole of which do not con-
tain six hundred. In short not to enter into a tedious de-
tail, two thousand six hundred Continental troops, and two
thousand militia, of which about one thousand are from
this State, make the whole force in this quarter. To the
westward, there are about five hundred. If the enemy
could follow, I know not where we should stop as matters
now stand. They have only two old iron field pieces. They
can get no more, Gen. Washington having ordered them
all to the southern department. Excepting the General,
and Genl. Sinclair, you have not a general offTcer here worth
a crown. Yesterday we had an alarm, lost two wagoners
taken, <ind three horses, the other horse killed. This morn-
ing at two o'clock, we had an account that a large body
of the enemy were within five miles of us. This appear-
ed highly improbable at the lime ; we have as yet had
however no confirmation or contradiction. Fort Ann is
abandoned, and Fort George will be so by to-morrow this
time, if it be not sooner taken. Every thing is moved
away from this place as fast as it can be, down to More's
creek, a post five miles from hence, where the General pro-
poses to assemble his army. It would give him great
pleasure to command the troops of this State ; so much
that he offers to give two men for one. If the enemy give
us some time, I imagine the roads will be so obstructed
that with the help of a few brave fellows in the woods we
should be able so to annoy Gen. Burgoyne, as to prevent
him from penetrating far into the country. A body of
troops are to be formed to the eastward of this in order to
cover the grants and harass the rear of the enemy if they
come down Hudson's river. By the bye, I imagine the in-
habitants of that country will join Burgoyne, who hath
issued a proclamation calling them in to confer with Colo.
Skeene. He hath issued another well written proclama-
tion which hath been freely circulated. It is dated Camp
near Ticonderoga, from which circumstance, as well as
from the matter of it, I am led to believe that he expects
much aid from the lories. Upon the whole I think we
shall do very well ; but this opinion is founded merely upon
the barriers which nature hath raised against all access
from the northward. I just now mentioned to the General
the calling out the militia of Tryon ; he says we may call,
but we shall not get them. This is by no means a com-
fortable idea.
I have the honour to be with great respect, sir,
Your most obedient and humble servant,
GOUVR. MORRIS.
One o'clock, P. M.
The alarm of this morning, turned out as we supposed
at the time, to be merely the effects of timidity in a consi-
derable body of troops advanced upon the road to Fort-Ann,
in order to countenance the removal of our stores from Lake
George. By letters from his Excellency, we find that
about five hundred men, remainder of Nixon's brigade are
ordered on, and also ten pieces of cannon. If we get our
stores from Lake George, and accomplish a safe retreat to
this place, which considering all circumstances there is the
utmost reason to suppose, our affairs will wear a more
smiling aspect. I have this morning been with the General
to ihe place he intends to occupy. One fortnight will, I
hope, put it in a proper posture of defence, which I am ex-
tremely happy to inform the Council is nothing more than
a few open redoubts, with an abbatis ; these commanding
the roads over a morass on each side of the river and con-
nected by two bridges to a little island lying in the river
between both heights, will give Gen. Burgoyne some trou-
ble should he attack them, which I am in great hopes he
will not be in the capacity of doing, for certainly ihe wil-
derness now between us is the best fortress. I am in great
pain for the county of Tryon, which I am extremely ap-
prehensive will make a defection. They are calling upon
tlie General to give them help, and he in return asking a
reinforcement of two hundred for Fort Schuyler.
I am, &c.
GOUVR. MORRIS.
The Honourable President of the Council.
[Letter from General Schuyler.]
Fort Edward, July 14, 1777.
Sir — I am honoured with your favour of the 1 1 ih inst.
The contents give me great satisfaction. However pain-
ful it is to labour under a load of calumny, I have, thank
God, fortitude enough not to sink under it ; nor shall it de-
press my spirits or make me for one moment relax those
exertions which are become so necessary, to prevent the
enemy from penetrating much farther into the country
which by God's blessing I hope still to do.
The general officers have unanimously declared, that if
the evacuation of Tyconderoga was a reprehensible mea-
sure, they only are guilty. That no order of mine for the
purpose was ever given. Upon what principles it was
done, you will see by the enclosed, of which, if a copy is
taken, it ought to be lodged in the Secretary's hands with
an injunction not to give a copy or suffer it to be seen by
any person, for fear that our weak condition should too
much discourage the country. Perhaps it might be as
well, if even the evacuation of Tyconderoga was an un-
wise measure, not to deprecate it too much, lest it should
increase our difficulties, and God knows I have a choice
of them, and yet I am supported by a presentiment, that
we shall still have a merry christmas.
I seldom hear from below. If you receive anything
worth communicating, pray let me have it. A very good
use may be made of a favourable account ; such as are
otherwise, will never be disclosed by me.
I wish a line may be wrote to our Delegates in Congress,
advising them that I did not order the evacuation.
I am, sir,
With great truth and esteem.
Your most obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Capt. Hodges.]
Ship Montgomery, July 13, 1777.
Gent'n — Enclosed you have a copy of a letter just re-
ceived from the honourable marine committee, at Phila-
delphia. Agreeably thereto, I should have done myself
the pleasure of waiting on you at Esopus, to join in filling
up the commissions and warrants for the officers of this
ship, but thought it imprudent to leave the vessel at this
juncture, for fear of a sudden invasion.
I have the pleasure to acquaint you that the privateer
Camden and both galleys are manned and in a proper slate
of defence, and my ship is also in great forwardness, and
make no doubt but we shall be able to give the enemy
(when they approach) a warm reception. Capt. Grenell,
I am informed, is at present absent ; of course, the com-
mand of the naval force here devolves on me, and you may
depend I shall exert myself in the execution of the trust re-
posed in me.
My three best cables have been spliced together and
stretched across the river, which I hope (and doubt not)
will answer the purpose intended.
At the foot hereof you have a list of the gentlemen I beg
leave lo recommend as my officers, and would be extreme-
ly glad to receive their commissions, together with the pay
list and rules and regulations of the navy, as soon as pos-
sible.
612
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
The warrant officers I have not as yet engaged ; the
blank warrants I should (if agreeable to you, gentlemen) be
likewise glad to have, in order to fill up, when men quali-
fied for the different stations offers or falls in my way.
I have the honour to subscribe myself, gent'n.
Your most obed. humb. servt.
JOHN HODGES.
Robert Castle, first lieutenant, at present captain of the
Camden privateer. Abraham Lewis, second do. at present
captain of the Lady Washington galley. Wm. Matthew-
man, captain marines, entered on board May 20, 1777.
Henry Bicker, first lieutenant marines, entered on board
May 20, 1777. Tliomas Eliinge, second lieutenant ma-
rines, entered on board July 6, 1777.
[Copy of a Letter from the Marine Committee.]
In Marine Committee, ?
Philadelphia, June 26, 1777. ^
Sir — As it is the opinion of the general officers, directed
by his Excellency General Washington, to take the most
effectual measures for securing the command of the North
river, that the Continental frigates will be of essential ser-
vice in defending the chain and obstructions in said river ;
and as by your letter of the 9lh inst. we find you entertain
a similar sense, we now think proper to direct that you
have the frigate under your command put in as good a
state of defence as can be admitted of, and follow such or-
ders as may be given you by his Excellency the (General
or the commanding officer appointed to direct the operations
in that quarter, using your best judgment in the execution
of such orders as you may receive.
We now send forward, to the Council of Safety for the
Stale of New-York, a sufficient number of blank commis-
sions and warrants for your officers, who are to be ajipoint-
ed temporarily only, until such time as their characters and
qualifications are sufficiently evinced and made known to
us. Therefore, we wish you to join with the Council in
having those commissions filled up with the names of men
of merit, whom you can recommend freely for a permanent
establishment.
We recommend your taking great care of the frigate, her
materials and stores, and keep us constantly advised of
your proceedings. Being, sir.
Your most h. servts.
(Signed) JOHN HANCOCK,
ROBERT MORRIS,
HY. MARCHANT,
ROGER SHERMAN,
GEO. GROET,
PHIL. LIVINGSTON,
NICHS. VAN DYKE,
BENJAMIN HARRISON,
GEO. WIELTON.
P. S. Congress have allowed pursers for their ships,
whose pay dollars per month, and we send you herewith
a pay list and the rules and regulations of the navy, for
your government.
To John Hodges, Esqr.
[Letter from His Excellency Governor Clinton.]
Fort Montgomery, 12th July, 1777.
Gentlemen — Since I wrote you yesterday, the enclos-
ed letter was handed me under a second cover, from the
direction of which I concluded it might relate to mat-
ters in the military line, and particularly to my command
at this post, and therefore opened it ; but for the above rea-
son I should not have taken this liberty ; but immediately
transmitted it to your Honourable House. The resolve al-
luded to in that letter, I presume must have been directed
to the Council, as it has not come to me. We have no-
thing new respecting the situation or designs of the enemy,
since my last. A very few days must determine what their
next operations are to be, and we have many reasons to
believe they will be on tliis quarter.
I am, with due respect,
Your most obedt. servt.
GEO. CLINTON.
To the Honble. the Council of Safety
of the Suie of New- York.
[Letter from Abm. Yates, Jun.and Gouvr. Morris.]
Please to peruse this and send it with the copy enclosed
to the Council of Safety, and you will oblige, gent.
Your most humble servts.
ABM. YATES, June.
GOUVR. MORRIS.
[Letter from John Lansing, Jun.]
Head Quarters, )
Fort Edward, July 15th, 1777. J
Gentlemen — A report having been propagated here a
few hours ago, that a number of wagons, which had been
sent this morning to Fort George to remove some stores
from that place, had been cut ofT by a large party of the
enemy's Indians, General Schuyler immediately marched
with a body of troops towards Fort George. On his way
he received a letter from Colonel Ashley, who commands
at the Five Mile Run, of which the enclosed is a copy ; by
that it seems the enemy's numbers must have been very
inconsiderable, as we had near a hundred wagons on the
road, and we cannot learn that they have been molested.
I am, gent, respectfully.
Your most humble servant,
JOHN LANSING, June,
Committee of Albany.
[Letter from Col. John Ashley.]
Station, >
M Five Mile Run, July 15, 1777. \
Sir — This day, about twelve o'clock, I arrived here,
and the moment of my arrival I had intelligence of some
wagons being cut off by the Indians at Stoney Hill ; with-
out delay I sent a party towards South Bay, on the north
side of the creek, to intercept them in their retreat, of
about fifty men, and marched myself with my regiment to
the spot as fast as possible, and found the enemy were
retreating towards the bay, on which another parly were
sent in pursuit, and, as I hear, have joined the first parly,
and they have not yet returned. I found on the spot two
wagons broken, and one horse killed by a ball ; I also sent
a party of about forty men to Fort George.
I shall send and bring the flour which is with the wa-
gons to this place ; I made no discovery of any men that
were killed.
I am, sir, with great respect,
Your most humble and most obed. servant,
JOHN ASHLEY, Col.
The Honble. Philip ScHmrLER,
M. Genl. &c.
[Letter from Gen. Scott.]
Hurley, July 12th, ITT!.
Dear McKesson — You cannot conceive with how much
impatience I have been confined to my house by illness for
these ten days past ; though more especially on account of
our unfortunate stroke to the northward. I am exceedingly
anxious to know the particulars of thfit disaster, as well as
the news from the southward. I had fully intended to be
in town this day ; but as 1 expect the return of my fever
and ague to-morrow, unless the course of bark I am now
pursuing should prevent it, and the weather is so unfa-
vourable I must be content with my confinement for the
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
513
present. I was first seized with a bilious complaint which
at length terminated in the fever and ague ; and I believe
my disorder has been aggravated by the great uneasiness
of my mind, on account of our public misfortunes. To re-
lieve me a little from my anxious uncertainty, I beseech
you to send me in writing, as circumstantially as you can,
all the news respecting the northern and southern depart-
ments.
I am, dear McKesson, yours,
JNO. MORIN SCOTT.
To John McKesson, Esq. at Kingston.
[Letter from Commissioners of sequestration in Tryon county, for in:
structions relative to property claimed.]
Tryon County, July 2d, 1777.
HoNBLE. Gentlemen — By selling the effects of such
persons as run oflf to our enemies, many demands are made
by well affected persons against such estates, and the cre-
ditors expect their contentment of us ; but we, having
no instruction nor authority to examine and settle such
accounts, refused always to meddle with, which displeases
the good people, and they think it very hard either to lose
their just demands, or to be troubled to get the same
out of the treasury with much expenses, and sometimes
more than the demand amounts to. There is a particular
one, in the district of Canajoharie, who having been a
churchwarden, was entrusted with public church moneys,
and is gone off without rendering the same or giving any
account thereof.
To content such demands till further orders for payment,
we promised the people to make therefore application for
necessary power and instructions for examining and settling
all accounts and demands against such estates whatsoever.
As it would be really troublesome and expensive for the
good people to journey for their payment to the Conven-
tion, you will please to take this matter into consideration,
and favour us with your opinion or necessary instructions
therein, as soon as possible, as we are almost daily enquir-
ed for.
We are, with respects,
Honble. gentlemen,
Your obt. humble servts.
JOHN EISENLORD,
FREDERICK FISHER,
Commissioners.
To the Honble. Committee of Safety for
the State of New- York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Colo. John Broome.]
Hartford, July 5, 1777.
Sir — Your order of 5th ultimo, directing the sale of the
Montgomery privateer, with her stores, I duly received :
In pursuance whereof, I advertised her for sale at public
auction on Tuesday the first instant, when she was struck
off to Colonel Comfort Sage, of Middletown, for three thou-
sand five hundred and fifty pounds, lawful money, part of
which I have received, and expect the remainder soon.
The net proceeds I will retain in my hands subject to your
orders. I cannot transmit you the account by this post, as
I have a dispute with Mr. Levi Allen, concerning a small
boat in which he was taken by Capt. Rogers, bound from
Fisher's to Long island. The boat was brought into New-
London harbour, and from thence was ordered by Capt.
Rogers to New-Haven, and on her passage there was lost.
Mr. Allen alleges that as he has been tried and acquitted,
he ought not to abide the loss of the boat.
We have submitted the dispute to reference, and when
it is determined you may again expect to hear from.
Sir, your humble servt.
JNO. BROOME.
Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Vol. II.] 129
[Letter from Brig. Gen. Ten Broeck, enclosing proceedings of a Court
Martial held at Albany. ]
Albany, ZQth June, YITJ.
Sir — Enclosed I send you the farther proceedings of
the court martial held at this place, as also two accounts
handed me by the president of the said court.
I am, with great respect, sir.
Your most obedt. hurab. servt.
ABM. TEN BROECK.
To the Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt,
President of the Council of Safety of
the State of New-York, at Kingston.
[Letter from Governor Trumbull.]
Lebanon, June 2blh, 1777.
Sir — Your favour of the 10th instant has been received,
and the contents duly noticed. Yours of the 18th April
last did not come to hand until the sessions of the General
Assembly, when the multiplicity of public business pre-
vented my returning an answer until the close of the ses-
sions, which was then done and forwarded, and doubt not
you have received the same. The necessary orders for
the return of the prisoners are making out, will soon be
completed, and forwarded the first opportunity to them,
when I shall write you on the subject. The manufacturing
that necessary article salt, in this State, by Doct. Piatt
Townsend, or any other person of the Stale of New-York,
and transporting the same into that State for the supply of
the inhabitants, I can have no objection to, as it always
affords me pleasure to have it in my power to alleviate the
distresses of any who are suffering in the cause of Ame-
rican freedom. On application made by the committee of
the manor of Cortlandt, May 9th, last, liberty was given
for manufacturing salt in this, and transporting it into your
State. Enclosed is a copy of the vote of the Governor
and Council of Safety of this State on the subject, for
your consideration.
I am, with great truth and regard,
Sir, your most humbe. servant,
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
Honlc. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Extract from minutes of Council.]
On application being made to this Board by the Council
of Safety of the State of New-York, that Doct. Piatt
Townsend, and the inhabitants of the State of New-York,
be allowed to erect works in this Slate for the manufac-
turing salt, and to transport the same out of this State,
Voted and resolved. That the said Doct. Plait Townsend,
or any of the inhabitants of the State of New- York, have
liberty to erect works within this Slate for manufacturing
salt, and the same to transport out of this State : always
provided they shall not be entitled to any premium granted
by the General Assembly to the manufacturers of salt
within this State.
A true extract from the minutes of Council.
Attest. JAMES WADSWORTH, Jur.
Clerk P. T.
[Letter from Richard Peters, Esq. Secretary to the Board of War.]
War Office, June 16, 1777.
Sir — By order of the Board of War I have the honour
of enclosing you two resolves of Congress, to llie latter
whereof I would particularly request your immediate at-
tention, as great inconveniences daily arise from the lists of
the army not being completely returned. You will be
pleased also to render an account to the Board of all mo-
neys expended on account of prisoners of war, and sums
paid to thcni. You will be pleased to be very exact in the
account, and sec that no charges are omitted, as the enemy
are rigidly accurate in their charges against the Slates on
514 CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
account of prisoners. All sums omilled will be lost by
the Stale wherein the charge was neglected to be made.
I have the honour to be ,
Your very obt. servant,
RICHARD PETERS, Secy.
HoDble. Council of Safety, State of New-York.
Jn Congress, April \st, ITIl.
Resolved^ That no oflBcer already appointed, or to be
hereafter appointed, in the army of the United Slates, shall
take rank by virtue of a commission antedated, but rank
shall be determined by the time of appointment, unless
otherwise directed by special resolution of Congress.
That it be recommended to the Legislatures, and in their
recess to the Executive powers of the respective States,
that they forthwith transmit to the Board of War exact
lists of all officers appointed by them in the Continental
army, vvith the dales of their commissions and times of
appointment.
(Extract from the minutes.)
CHAS. THOMSON, Secy.
[Letter from General Schuyler.]
Jlbany, June 25lh. 1777.
Sir — By the enclosed, which I have left under flying
seal, for the perusal of the Council of Safety, you will
perceive that the enemy are arrived at Crown Point.
Whether their intentions are only to make a feint to draw
our altenlion, or a real attack, is still doubtful ; but as
General St. Clair wishes to have the militia up, I shall
apply to General Ten Broeck for half of the militia under
his command. They may be insufficient, even with what
may come from the neighbouring States, to make elTeclual
opposition, if a disaster should befal us at Ticonderoga.
I wish, therefore, if possible, to have some from the
northern parts of Dutchess and Ulster counties.
I wish you to expedite the letter to General Putnam, by
express, vvith a copy of General St. Clair's letter to me ;
and if there are any sloops in the vicinity of Kingston to
order them down to Peekskill.
Please to seal the letter to General Washington.
I am, sir, very respectfully,
Your obedient, hble. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
The Honble. Piekke Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from General Schuyler, relative to the evacuation of
Ticonderoga.]
Fort Edward, July 9th, 1777.
Sir — Last night I was honoured with your letters of
the 5lh and 7lh instant.
What could induce General St. Clair and the general
officers with him, to evacuate Ticonderoga, God only
knows. Not a battery, as I am well informed, was opened
against it. The garrison amounted to above five thousand
men, in high spirits, healthy, sufficiently supplied with
provisions, plenty of ammunition, and the eastern militia
in full march to its aid.
Colo. Williams, in a letter of yesterday's date, informs
me that it is imputed to my orders. I assure you that
not the least syllable in any of my letters or orders con-
tains the least hint of any such intention on my part. In-
deed, the contrary is held up in them, and succours posi-
tively promised.
I enclose you my letter to General Washington, which,
after the Council of Safety has perused, you will please
to seal and forward by express.
My situation is truly disagreeable, but I trust such as it
is, I shall acquit myself with honour, and if General St.
Clair, with the army, should join me, I shall still hope to
prevent the enemy from coming to Albany. It is, however,
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, dec.
a melancholy reflection that the militia desert almost as
fast as they come in to me.
1 have the honour to be,
Sir, very respectfully.
Your most obedient, hble. servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honble. Pi£Kex Van Coetlandt.
[Letter from Eben. Learned.]
Fort Edward, July 7, Yin.
HoND. AND Dear Sir — I have the unhappiness to con-
firm the most disagreeable news of our people's leaving
Ticonderoga; shall' send the copy of the letter received
this morning from Fort Ann, viz:
"HoND. Sir — I have it from the Revd. Mr. Allen, chap-
lain to Colonel Warner's regiment, who left Skene's yes-
terday at about 5 o'clock, that the enemy followed them
and that our vessels fought ihem smart for almost two
hours, after which were obliged to retreat by land. The
enemy are at Skene's, and are soon expected here. By
the best information, there are about 500 of our men re-
turning this way. 1 am in want of ammunition as soon as
possible.
"We have no thought of leaving this post at present.
We are in want of provisions, also of carriages to carry
off some baggage.
"I am, &c.
"BENJ. EARN AM, Capt.
" General Learned."
I have sent to Fort George for some ammunition and
entrenching tools if any to spare, as we are in want of
both in order to defend ourselves; and have forwarded pro-
vision this day to Fort Ann, sending strong guards with
the teams.
I am, &CC.
EBEN. LEARNED.
Honble. Genl. Schutleb.
[Letter from Col. Henry B. Livingston.]
PeekskUl, July 1, 1777.
Gentlemen — Yesterday at eight o'clock in the evening,
I had the honour of an enclosure by Captain Samuel Sacket,
signed Robert Benson, in your behalf; in which was con-
tained a letter from Captain Sackel, and your resolution
thereupon, of the 20lli instant. In compliance with which,
I enclose you by express, the authority by which in con-
junction with the field officers of my regiment, I have pro-
ceeded to form an arrangement of the commissioned offi-
cers ; such as was thought reasonable. Captain Sacket, if
he had been inclined to have given you less trouble, might
have told you as much on this head as any man whatever,
he being no stranger to the enclosed general orders, and
the motives from which we have acted, and which, I hope
no insinuations will induce you, gentlemen, to think dis-
respectful to the honourable gentlemen who formed the late
committee of arrangement of officers for the Stale ; as I
am well assured that you will readily concur with me in
opinion, that in the military line, it would be highly im-
proper in us to di.«pute the orders of our superiors. The
method we have taken in adjusting the rank of our officers,
as far as we are empowered by the enclosed orders, is as
follows : the officers of the regiment were first summoned,
and those who were dissatisfied with their rank, were de-
sired to assert their claims ; the general orders on which
we were proceeding, having been first read to them, when
it was agreed by us that the dales of former commissions
should be ihe test of the rank of all those officers who
were dissatisfied wilh their present rank, and that the oldest
commission, in cases of dispute, should determine in favor
of the person who held it ; and when no former commis-
sion could be plead, to let the matter rest as the honoura-
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
515
ble, the committee of arrangement, had left it; not choos-
ing to endeavour at the distinguishment of the merit, lest
•we should be mistaken. This task we began with reluc-
tance, as it was disagreeable to us all ; well knowing that
it would be impossible with the greatest circumspection,
to avoid giving offence to those whom we should decide
against. But disagreeable as it was, chose rather to ha-
zard the displeasure of a few inferior officers, than that of
our general, who we well knew would do the strictest jus-
tice, should we err. When the captains of the regiment
were called logeiher, Captain William Jackson appeared
among the rest, and declared unless the rank was given
him, which the committee of arrangement had deprived
him of, by placing Captain Sacket over him, that he would
serve no longer. This declaration was, frequently before
this, made in my hearing, both by him and Captain Davis,
both having commissions of an older date than Captain
Sacket's. Captain Sacket also asserted his claim much to
the same purpose that he has done in his letter to you, gen-
tlemen; but we conceiving if his claim was just, that he
would meet with no difficulty in obtaining a Continental
commission of the same date with his appointment, (which
he asserted was from General Montgomery,) and taking
into our consideration the loss of two officers whose places
would be with difficulty supplied, if at all, one of which
agreed if Capt. Sacket should obtain a captain's commis-
sion of prior date to that in his possession, he would serve
under him ; but that it was a great hardship for him to
serve under one who his commission entitled him to lake
rank of, he having produced no other proof of his seniority
than a bare assertion that General Montgomery had ap-
pointed him a captain, in the year one thousand seven hun-
dred and seventy-five. The field officers in conjunction
with me, having duly considered the several assertions of
Captain Sacket, and the proofs offered by his opponents,
also a resolution of Continental Congress bearing date 22d
of March, 1776, by authority of which the late commit-
tee of arrangement did surpersede some officers in rank,
are of opinion that if Captain Samuel Sacket can obtain a
Continental commission of captain, of the same date with
the appointment he says he has received from General
Montgomery, that he hold the rank given him by the com-
mittee of arrangement, otherwise, that he take rank next
after those who have older captains' commissions.
I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect.
Your most obt. servt.
HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Coll. Comdt.
To the Honourable the Council of
Safety of the State of New-York.
LLetter from John Henry.]
Kingston, July 9, 1777.
Sir — Having agreeable to a resolve passed the 13th ult.
for removing the stores of clothing belonging to this Slate,
now effected the same, think it highly expedient that I
should be fully empowered with such authority, (in conse-
quence of any alarm from the approaches of the enemy
this way,) as to impress teams or wagons to carry stores
of clothing into the more interior parts of the country, or
whatever place your Honourable House in their wisdom
might think proper to direct. This, I flatter myself from
the necessity of it, will be duly considered. Sir, there is
still one thing more would beg leave to lay before you : At
the time of my appointment to the department I now fill,
the Convention was pleased to pass a resolve in conse-
quence of the same, to which was annexed a salary of
10s. pr. diem for my pay; by experience find it impossible
to support myself on that salary ; it is needless to re-
cite here, the exorbitant rates that every thing which is
essentially necessary for tlie support of man, is risen to,
as you are probably as well acquainted with them as me.
Therefore, all I ask is that I may be allowed for the time
past, and what may come, such salary as will support me,
the present cannot. I am very certain no decent man, live
as frugally as he can, will be able to support himself for
the small salary of IOj. pr. day ; who is deprived any
other way of living, but by serving the public. All I at
present ask, is to be allowed the same salary as Commis-
sary Colo. Lasher.
Sir, I am with all due respect,
Your most obt. lible, servt.
JOHN HENRY.
Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esqr. President
of the Council of Safety for the State of New- York,
[Letter from Genl. Ten Broeck, informing that Ticonderoga and Mount
Independence are in possession of the enemy.]
Albany, July 7th, 1777.
" Sir — Both Tyconderoga and Mount Independence are
in the enemy's possession. Part of our troops are at
Skeensborough, to which place the enemy have pursued.
It is therefore now become necessary that every man of
the militia should turn out and that without a moment's
delay ; you will therefore issue your orders accordingly,
and hope to see you with them."
The foregoing is an extract of a letter I have just this
moment received from General Schuyler, dated this day,
at Stillwater on his way to the northward, and do myself
the honour to transmit you. I have only time to add, that
agreeably to his requisition, I have issued my orders for
the whole militia of my brigade to march to Fort Edward
with all possible expedition, and to submit to you the ne-
cessity of leaving part thereof, and what number you judge
will be requisite at this place ; as we are surrounded with
disaffected persons, and have about one hundred confined
in the jail of this city.
I am, sir.
Your most obedt. servant,
ABM, TEN BROECK
Honble. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter from Egbert Benson and Peter Cantine, Jr.]
Poughkeepsie, July 7th, 1777.
Sir — A most atrocious crime was committed here last
night. Mr. Thomas Henderson being now absent at Al-
bany, and his wife alone at home, a villain entered the
house about 11 o'clock, and from circumstances, it is more
than probable with intent to ravish her. Mrs. Henderson
resisted, upon which he beat and abused her in a most
cruel, inhuman manner. Finding it impossible to succeed
in his attempt, he at length made off, taking with him a
petticoat and a pair of silver buckles. A hat, which he
left in his flight, led to a discovery of the perpetrator, and
it proves to be Jack, a slave of Mr, George January of
New-York. We had him instantly apprehended, and the
stolen goods being found upon him, he has confessed the
burglary.
We thought proper to inform the Council of Safety of
the matter, in order that proper persons may be immedi-
ately appointed to try him, as we conceive the crime re-
quires a speedy punishment.
We remain with due respect.
Your most obedient servts.
EGBT. BENSON,
PETER CANTINE, Jur.
To PiKBRE Van Cortlandt, Esqr.
President of the Council of Safety.
[Letter from GenL Schuyler.]
Stillwater, July 7, 1777.
Sir — By the enclosed you will see the unhappy situa-
tion we are in.
I have not a doubt but that a very considerable part of
the garrisons of Ticonderoga and Mount Independence are
516
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
in the enemy's hands. I have not above seven hundred
Continental troops, and I fear not twice that number of mi-
litia, to oppose the enemy, and not a single piece of artil-
lery. In this situation my prospect is not very agreeable.
I wish for all the militia from every quarter to come up
vsrith all expedition. If the Council of Safely, or at least
part of it, were immediately to repair to Albany, it might
have a good effect, as I have hardly any body to assist me.
I am, sir, respectfully.
Your obedient humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Honble. Pierre Van Coetlandt.
[Letter from Richard Varick.]
Albany, July 7, 1777.
Sir — I am directed by General Schuyler to inform you
that an account had arrived this morning from the com-
manding officer at Fort Ann, informing that our troops had
evacuated Tyconderoga and Mount Independence on Satur-
day, and were on tlieir retreat to Skeensborough.
The express who brought this account from Skeensbo-
rough to Fort Ann, said that the first division of the army
landed at Skeensborough yesterday. This account, is how-
ever, not credited by the General, who set out this morn-
ing for Fort Edward, to take command of the troops there,
and wait the arrival of the brigade from Peekskill.
This account is, in my opinion, too ill-founded to put
any confidence in, as but two days before, the enemy had
not approached his works, and would spend at least two
days to carry the Tyconderoga side, and Mount Indepen-
dence would not fall so easy a prey to the most experi-
enced troops, if our men behave but tolerably well and
General St. Clair is not fallen. May heaven avert such
misfortunes. We need not yet despair.
I am, sir.
Your most obed. humble servt.
RICHD. VARICK.
P. S. The express has doubtless, I think, mistaken the
boats with the sick and wounded for the first division of
the army, or possibly the Massachusetts militia, whose
time of service expired on Saturday.
To the Honble. Pix&re Yax Cortlandt.
LLetter from Genl. Schuyler.]
Albany, July 5, 1777.
Sir — I take the liberty to enclose you, under flying seal,
a letter to the President of Congress, that the Council of
Safety, by perusing the papers enclosed in it, may be in-
formed of the situation of affairs in this quarter. As I
cannot find time to copy them, they will please to excuse
this mode.
The apprehension of the inhabitants of Tryon county
distresses me exceedingly. In a letter from the committee
they observe, " that if they are not succoured they will be
obliged either to abandon their habitations or submit to the
terms of the friends of Great Britain, seeing themselves
out of the protection of the United States of America."
I have written them an encouraging letter, and have or-
dered Colo. Van Schaick with the Continental troops under
his command, to remain in that quarter, who they were
apprehensive were coming away. And although I believe
the enemy will attempt an incursion into that county, yet
I trust they will not be able, greatly, to distress us ; as I
hope we will have timely notice of their approach, and be
prepared to give them a proper reception.
I have the honour to be with great respect, sir.
Your most obed. hble. servt.
PH. SCHUYLER.
To the Hono. Pierre Van Cortlandt.
[Letter to Gen. Schuyler.]
A. M. July 7, 1777.
Sir — The Council have been honoured with the perusal
of your despatches of the 5lh instant, and direct me to re-
turn their thanks for your poHle attention, in favouring them
with the important intelligence wliich they contained. I
am further directed, sir, to request of you in the name of
the Council, from lime to time, to inform them of such
other incidents, as may wilh propriety be communicated to
us in the course of this great campaign. Our beat wishes
wait upon you in the course of your expedition, which they
pray may be crowned with honour and success.
I am, (Sec.
To Major-GenL Schtttler.
[Letter from Jane Bole ]
Philadelphia, July 4, 1777-
SiR — About two years ago, having business that drew
me from New-York, and knowing none that I could con-
fide in so well as you, left my papers in your care, which
was the last will of my mother, Elizabeth Reed, and a
deed of gift of my brother, John Wyley, to me, of one
half of the estate left by my mother, the said Elizabeth
Reed ; and as I am now in capacity to take care of those
writings myself, I do hereby beg of you to send them to
your uncle, Philip Livingston, Esq. or to Andrew Robin-
son, attorney at law in this cily, together wilh an account
of what costs may be on them, which shall be discharged,
and the favour gratefully accepted by
Your obliged humble servant,
JANE BOLE.
[Letter from John Jones, enclosing a letter from Cadwallader Colden.]
Kingston, 11 o'clock, 3d July, 1777.
Sir — The within letter was just now delivered to me by
Mr. Colden, with a request to present it to you. I shall
only beg leave to add, that if my opinion will have any
weight with the Council of Safety, I am clearly convinced
that Mr. Colden's residence on his own farm, under the re-
strictions he proposes, will be attended with no danger to
the Stale.
I am, with great respect, sir,
Your most obedt. humb. servt.
JOHN JONES.
Fleet PrUon, July 3d, 1777.
HoxD. Sir — After so many different and unsuccessful
applications to the Convention and Council of Safely, for
a discharge, or enlargement of my person, I should hardly
have thought of troubling you again, did T not learn that
some who have been in confinement wilh me, have been
indulged by the Council, to go to some friend's house, upon
giving some kind of security for their remaining there
peaceably. If I might meet wilh the like indulgence, I
doubt not but that I could find some friends in my neigh-
bourhood, who would give any security for my behaviour,
that can be desired ; and to be nearer home so as to give
directions about farm affairs would be both an ease of mind
and advantage to me. Though I am not conscious that my
conduct has been such, but that I might (with the greatest
safely to the State) be admitted to remain on my own farm,
on the terms I proposed in a letter to Mr. Morris on that
head ; and if my own parol was not thought sufficient to
bind me, I can give bonds, wilh as good security as the
county affords. Your laying this matter again before the
Council will greatly oblige.
Sir, your most humble sert.
CADWALLADER COLDEN.
Pierre Van Cortiandt, Esqr. ^
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
517
[From the N. Y. Journal and General Advertiser, of July 16, 1777.]
London, January 30.
The Bill to empower His Majesty to secure and detain persons charg-
ed with, or suspected of, the crime of high treason, committed in
North Ameiica, or on the high seas, or the crime of piracy — as fill-
ed up and corrected in the Committee, and which was read the third
time and passed the 17th February, 1777.
Whereas a rebellion and war have been openly and
traitorously levied andcarried on in certain of His Ma-
jesty's colonies and plantations in America, and acts of
treason and piracy have been committed on the high seas,
and upon the ships and goods of His Majesty's subjects ;
and many persons have been seized and taken, who are
expressly charged, or strongly suspected, of such treasons
and felonies, and many more such persons may be hereaf-
ter so seized and taken :
And whereas such persons have been, or may be brought
into this kingdom, and into other parts of His Majesty's
dominions ; and it may be inconvenient in many such ca-
ses, to proceed forthwith to the trial of such criminals, and
at the same time of evil example to suffer them to go at
large :
Be it therefore enacted by the King's most excellent
Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords
Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Par-
liament assembled, and by the authority of the same, that
all and every person or persons, who have been, or shall
hereafter be seized and taken in the act of high treason
committed in any ot His Majesty's colonies or plantations
in America, or on the high seas, or in the act of piracy,
or who are or shall be, charged with, or suspected of the
crime of high treason, committed in any of the said colo-
nies, or on the high seas, or of piracy, who have been, or
shall be committed in any part of his Majesty's dominions
for such crimes, or any of them, or for suspicion of such
crimes, or either of them, by any magistrate having com-
petent authority in that behalf, to the common gaol, or
other place of confinement as is hereinafter provided for
that purpose, shall and may be thereupon secured and de-
tained in safe custody, without bail or mainprize, until the
first of January, 1778, and that no judge or justice of the
peace shall bail or try any such person or persons, without
order from his Majesty's most honourable privy council,
signed by six of the said privy council, until the said first
day of January, 1778, any law, statute or usage to the
contrary in any wise notwithstanding.
And, whereas it may be necessary to provide for such
prisoners, within this realm, some other place of confine-
ment, besides the common gaols ; be it enacted by the au-
thority aforesaid that it shall and may he lawful for his Ma-
jesty, by warrant under his sign manual, to appoint one or
more place or places of confinement, within the realm, for
the custody of such prisoners ; and all and every magis-
trate and magistrates having competent authority in that
behalf, are hereby authorized to commit such persons as
aforesaid, to such place or places of confinement so to be
appointed, instead of the common gaol.
Provided always, and be it enacted, that no offences
shall be construed, to be piracy within the meaning of this
act, except acts of felony committed on the ships and
goods of His Majesty's subjects by persons on the high
seas.
And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that
this act shall continue and be in force until the said first
day of January, 1778, and no longer.
[Letter from Thomas Grenell.]
Fort Constitution, July Uth, 1777.
Gentlemen — I am informed by the gentlemen of the
marine committee that they have sent you the pay-list and
regulations of the navy, which you will be pleased to for-
ward by my first lieutenant Daniel Shaw, who has been
appointed since the tenth of March, and as I am informed
by a letter from the marine committee that the commissions
are to be pro tempore, lie wishes to have that matter e.\-
[Vol. 11.] 130
plained ; and I doubt if I can recommend men of merit on
those conditions. I would be glad to know if there is any
instructions for enlisting seamen or marines.
From your very huble. servant,
THOS. GRENELL.
To the Hon. Council of Safety of New- York.
[Letter from Peter Vandervoort.]
Hartford, July Uth, 1777.
Dr. Sir — In November last, when the Assembly was
sitting here, I found the embargo law was like to pass, in
consequence of which, I waited on the Governor and two
of the Council being present, for liberty in getting some
sugars of Jno. R. Livingston and also our joint property,
purchased by your brother, for us to pass through this State;
and was then told, as we were not inhabitants of this State
and purchased them in another, they did not come under
said law, on which I rested easy until the month of Febru-
ary, when I sent a memorial in our joint names to the Go-
vernor, on which, he gave orders to the committee of the
pay table or either of them, to grant us permits, on which
I obtained a permit for our rum and sugar then at Darby,
and got them off; and in May last I obtained a permit for
eighty hhds. sugar of our joint concern, the whole not yet
being here, nor did the last come until June, and Colonel
Drake is not yet here, and as we could not make a dividend
could send off none, only those you sold Clock. And under
sanction of said permit, for 80 hhds. Col. Drake and our-
selves sent off several hogsheads, and the sheriff looked on
the permit to be good ; lately the Governor has forbid any
more permits to be given, in consequence of which, some
sugars which Dickey and I sold, to go into your State under
a proper pass, have been seized by the sheriff as they were
going on in the carts, for the use of the troops of this State ;
on which Dickey went to the Governor for relief, but was
told the permit or law was revoked, and could not get them
clear : they are still detained, and the price they mean to
allow is 666-. lawful money ; this we look on as a great
grievance and cruelty, as our loss is sufficient in being
drove from home, and beg you to intercede with your Con-
vention or elsewhere to obtain a permit for forty hogsheads
to go from this, includmg that which Col. Drake is bringing
on, or else yours cannot be got out, for we cannot think of
taking 66s. when we can get £12. I shall write you more
fully soon ; in the mean time I shall prefer a memorial to
the Governor on this head. Mrs. Vandervoort joins in com-
pliments to your lady and Mrs. Dodge ; expect Col. Drake
and lady this week from Providence.
I am, your most h. servt.
PETER VANDERVOORT.
To Comfort Sands.
[Letter from the President of the General Assembly of MassachusetU
Bay, relative to paper money.]
Council Chamber, 1
Boston, July 2d, 1777. \
Sr — The letter from your Convention has been received,
and also one from the President of the Council of Safety
of your State ; the latter of which is now under the consi-
deration of a committee of both Houses.
The State of Massachusetts Bay being greatly alarmed
with the depreciation, surplusage and counterfeiting of the
paper bills of credit, emitted by the New-England Slates
in particular, and the distressed state of their commerce,
arising from these and other causes, and considering that
these bills have passed freely through the New-England
States and also the Slate of New-York ; that by iheir vici-
nity these Slates are naturally affected by the operations of
each other; that divers laws and regulations of some of
them have given great uneasiness to others of them ; that
for want of timely explanation, destruclivc jealousies may
arise, and for want of consultations and concurrence uf
measures, the best means of removing those evils, may not
518
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c.
be discovered nor any measures supported wiili sufficient
vigour, they have passed the enclosed resolve, and hope it
will nrieel your approbation and concurrence.
It gives us great concern to find that some of our regu-
lations which were undertaken with the sincercst intentions
and expectations of promoting tiie common welfare, should
occasion sucli uneasiness in you ; we wish to give satisfac-
tion to a sister State, in whose welfare we are so deeply
interested and in whose distresses we so sincerely sympa-
thize, and to consult with you a system of conduct under
these embarrassments of our internal government and such
an exercise of that independency which we enjoy in com-
mon with the other States of America, as may conduce to
the welfare of the whole. We wish to satisfy you that our
internal regulation of which you complain, did not arise
from a senseless forgelfulness of our own sufferings by the
present war, nor a wicked ingratitude to your State among
others from the great support we received by your pity and
relief, much less from an inattention to the voice of huma-
nity and an inclination to build our prosperity on the cala-
mity of our neighbours, but that the prevention of this prac-
tice among individuals was the real object of our regulations.
After all our supposed advantages there is a very great
scarcity (real or artificial) of necessary articles with us as
well as with you, but we desire with you to consider all
America as one community, and trust we shall ever take
pleasure in relieving the wants and alleviating the distresses
of every part thereof.
In the name and behalf of the General Assembly,
I am, sir, your most obedt. hble. servant,
JER. POWELL, Presidt.
P. S. We have addressed the Hon. Congress on the sub-
ject of this conference, in order to obviate any misconstruc-
tion of the same.
The resolve referred to in the above letter was forwarded
by the secretary by the post on Monday via Providence.
To the Governor of the State of New- York.
[Letter from Tryon County Committee to the Committee of Albany
County."!
In Committee of the County of Trton, )
July I3th, 1777 5
Gentn. — At a time when the news of Fort Ticonderoga
being in the power of the enemy, struck every lover of his
country with astonishment ; when the spirits of too many
inhabitants of this county had fallen ; when an invasion of
this county from all parts is feared, we find ourselves quite
destitute of any support or assistance ; we must see the
few Continental troops stationed for the protection of the
southern parts of this county leave their station, and add
terror to the defenceless inhabitants ; we must see that a
draft of the militia of this county is ordered to Fort Schuy-
ler to reinforce the garrison, who were destined to our as-
sistance and protection. By a letter from Genl. Schuyler,
we are acquainted that we are not to expect any troops ;
we are told that we are able to oppose any enemy that
may fall upon us : Yet, notwithstanding, we have certain
information that Brandt is daily strengthened by numbers
of lories and Indians, and some reports say that he is on
his march to Cherry Valley. The people on these fron-
tiers are in such despondency, that a part have taken to
flight, and the rest openly declare for submission to the
terms the enemy shall propose. If that should be the case,
their example will be followed by many, and our situation
is the more dangerous, as we are not only surrounded by
merciless enemies, but mingled with faithless friends, who
begin to exult in our distress, and doubtless eagerly expect
to add effectual strength to our destroyers. Such is our
county distresses ; and this committee, labouring under the
greatest difficulty, being anxious for the safely of this
county, and desirous to persevere in the great cause of
liberty ; gentlemen, as we find no other way to get relief,
we beseech you by all that is moving to adopt our cause,
consider our vicinity, and that when your frontiers are
gone you will be in our situation, and please to use all your
influence with the commanders to afford us assistance. In
case there should be such scarcity of troops, please to use
your endeavours that at least the garrisons may be manned
by the troops, as our militia are daily on scouting parties
on all sides of the county : the rest are very necessary to
come to their assistance wherever an enemy should fall
upon the inhabitants or garrisons. Praying your commit-
tee will take this into your consideration, and interpose for
their distressed brethren, the inhabitants of this county,
We remain, with due respect,
Your obedient humble servts.
The Committee of Tryon County.
Fort Edward, 16th July, ITT!.
Sir — The above is a copy of a letter frdm the commit-
tee of Tryon to the committee of Albany, and sent by them
to Genl. Schuyler. The General shewed us two other let-
ters of the committee of Tryon county on the same subject,
and informed us that he could afford them no assistance ;
and suggested to us the propriety of sending it down to the
Committee of Safety, if, peradventure, they might think of
some assistance, which we could wish might be afforded.
Salvd Republicd.
We are, &c.
ABM. YATES, Jun.
GOUVR, MORRIS.
PiXKRE Van Coetlandt, Esq. President
[Letter from Jno. Williams.]
New-Perth, June 23d, 1777.
Dr. Sir — Enclosed I have transmitted you a pamphlet
lately circulated through the Grants. As it is an answer
to some of our proceedings, I thought it my duty to trans-
mit it to you, requesting you will show it to the Council of
Safety, and after they have perused it, to forward it to
Messrs. Duane and Duer, if at Congress. The inhabi-
tants on the Grants have lately had a meeting, chose their
Deputies to sit in Congress, and the convention declared the
Grants to be an independent State, called by the name of
New Vermount. Another meeting is soon to be held, in
order to choose Delegates to represent them in Continental
Congress. These proceedings have thrown this county
into great confusion ; nor do I know how we shall proceed.
I am much obliged to you for the favour of your letter,
and information per Capt. Conkey. I believe we have
been pretty unanimou.s in the election for Governor and
Lieut. Governor, to wit, Genls. Scott and Clinton ; but
there were very few that voted.
The lot number 68, in Argyle, belonging to Genl. Scott,
I must beg you will procure for me in behalf of Capt. Mar-
tin. I am informed other people are after it ; however, I
am of opinion Genl. Scott will not let any one have it with-
out giving Capt. Martin the refusal.
I am, dear sir.
Your very humb. servt.
JNO. WILLIAMS.
N. B. I was at Otter creek yesterday, and was inform-
ed a number of Canadians have come down across the
Green Mountains from Canada ; and says there are but
few regulars in Canada, but they use the inhabitants very
ill. Numbers are coming down every day. Two cap-
tains belonging to Colo. Livingston's regiment are among
them ; they have found a road, and can come in 12 days.
To Jno. McKesson, Esq.
[Letter from Philip Brooks to his wife.]
Kingston, Esopus county, July 31st, 1777'
My dear Eliza — I have not heard whether you received
my last ; but have great reason to expect Mrs. Mcintosh
delivered it safe.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE
I still enjoy tolerable good health, but am still a prisoner,
hurried about from jail to jail through the country, and
without the least shadow of a proof that I have injured or
desired to injure their political interest, or any individual.
They have absolutely refused to permit me to return to
New-Yoik ; but would have restored my liberty, if I would
swear allegiance to the States, and bear arms in their de-
fence, which could not be expected from any person under
my circumstances to come under a solemn obligation that
I will fight against all my friends and connections, and lives
dearer to me than my own, and intentionally mean to dis-
tress their interests ; no, while I have any strength of mind
to think for myself, any human feelings, I will never sub-
mit to it.
They have exaggerated the circumstances which occa-
sioned my confinement, and suspect I left New-York with
some other design than merely to pay a few debts with
paper currency ; however, if they had proved it, I should
not have so much reason to complain
I am not allowed the least liberty, for fear I should abuse
it and return to New-York, as I have neither wife nor any
connection to detain me here.
If I could persuade myself that my Eliza was well and
happy, I should be more contented ; but I have this real
satisfaction, that it is not in man's power to deprive me of
the Almighty's protection ; and if we can be resigned to
His will when it is most for our interest, we shall meet
again in peace.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS, &c. 519
Mr. and Mrs. Belton are here, and well ; he has been a
prisoner upwards of a year. They are very kind, and I
have great satisfaction in Mrs. Belton's company ; she
comes to see me very often. Mr. Belton is on his parol
in this place ; and your aunt desires to send her love to her
father and mother, and would write to thern if there were
any regular manner of forwarding it safe.
May tranquillity and resignation possess your mind, in
sure hope that all these events will terminate in our future
happiness, and the Almighty will permit us to meet, when
I have sensibly been taught that money can never afford
that satisfaction it very often robs us of.
Mr. and Mrs. Belton send their love to you, her brothers
and sisters.
I am, my dear Eliza, in the most comprehensive sense.
Your sincere friend and
Affectionate husband,
PHILIP BROOKS.
P. S. Perhaps the same flag may bring an answer. Di-
rect, if you have any opportunity of sending a few lines,
to care of Mr. Harper, Kingston, Esopus county, for me,
prisoner in Kingston jail. I am unable to do any thing in
this world for support ; yet they will not allow me the least
enlargement. I request you will give my sincere love and
respects to your mother, and all our friends. — Adieu.
To Mrs. £liza Brooks.
INDEX.
A.
PAGE.
ABEEL, GARRET ; Letters from,
asking information relative to the cleaning of certain houses in
the city of New-York, 114
relative to the treatment of certain disaffected persons, 239
ADAMS, JOHN; Letter from, and Silas Deane and George
Wythe, a Committee of the Continental Congress, appoint-
ed to inquire into outrages committed by the Ministerial
troops, 19
ADGATE, MATTHEW ; Letters from,
to Gen. Washington, informing him of the discovery of a dan-
gerous plot against America, 116
relative to the mines at Great Nine Partners, 250
on the same subject, 251
requesting information of some person qualified to make assays
in lead, sulphur and gun-flints, 374
enclosing one hundred dollars to Caspar Slandt, chemist, 416
relative to manufacture of lead and gun-flints, 472
ALBANY CITY AND COUNTY; Letters of committees in,
covering a copy of a letter from General Wooster relative to
George Sullivan, .. 23
relative to an immediate supply of stores for the garrison at
■ Ticonderoga, 41
enclosing information received relative to the movements of the
Indians and tories, 42
speech of the Mohawks to the committee, and answer thereto, 47
to Col. Johnson, relative to his conduct towards the Indians,. . . 48
enclosing information of operations of the enemy in vicinity of
Lake Charaplain, 49
enclosing copy of a letter from Rev. Samuel Kirkland, 50
covering letters from Captain Edmeston, relative to his promo-
tion, 54
enclosing copy of speech with the Indians, 56
relative to supply of provisions to prisoners taken at St. Johns, 67
informing of arrival of late sheriff of Tryon couniy and other
prisoners, 73
asking a supply of ammunition for troops under command of
Col. Van Cortlandt, 77
relative to conduct of certain Albany skippers, 96
enclosing memorandum of officers elected, 97
recommending Thomas Williams, Jr. as quarter-master, 112
recommending suitable persons to be appointed quarter-master
and adjutant, 152
asking an immediate supply of money for the recruiting service, 169
recommending that permission be given to Henry Van Rensse-
laer and sons to erect a powder mill, 169
relative to the supply of certain enumerated articles for the army, 183
enclosing proceedings relative to an intercepted letter of Benja-
min Hilton, exulting over the defeat and distresses of the
American troops, 190
acknowledging receipt of a resolve for raising a detachment of
rnilitia, 200
requesting some powder to protect themselves against an attack
of the Indians 203
certifying election of Deputies to Provincial Congress, 238
requesting a supply of gunpowder, 240
ordering' removal of certain disaffected persons, to Hartford,
Connecticut, 243
acknowledging receipt of resolves relative to two companies of
rangers 248
relative to the abuse in the weight of flour, and the estates of
persons gone over to the enemy, 249
relative to a loan of the stove and fixtures belonging to theprcs-
byterian church for the use of the Convention, 267
laying before Convention, proceedings of committee against
Messrs. Cuyler, Delaiicy and others, 284
accompanying sundry persons sent as prisoners to Gov. Trum-
bull, 289
informing of movement of troops to Fort Edward, &c 344
relative to contracts for sale of wheat in Tryon county 361
recommending John Hamtramck for a vacancy, 362
[Vol. 11.] 131
ALBANY CITY AND COUNTY ; Letters of committee in, ^''^^
relative to the conduct of certain persons in depreciating the
paper currency, ggg
of Claverack, relative to conduct of Col. John Van AllVn . 396
relative to procuring sloops to defend Hudson's river, ...,'*.*.!!! 398
of Rennselaerwyck, requesting blank commissions, ...*...' 415
enclosing afiidavits of discovery of a dangerous conspiracy in
said county, ^yj
requesting a pass for William Gamble to go to New- York, .' . 419
of Claverack, urging the raising of a company to protect that
district, &c
ordering the arrest of Major William Edmiston, *.* '. ". ". '..".' 429
relative to the scarcity of plank in said county, \\ ', 430
of Claverack, accompanying four prisoners, 443
relative to guarding the large number of prisoners in Albany
i^}^> 451, 454
enclosing a draft on Convention for one thousand pounds, 453
asking the establishment of a court to try Andrew Palmatier a
ringleader of the tories, \^ 455
on the subject of salt, _*
accompanying certain persons sent to the fleet prison,. ........ 469
relative to a speedy reinforcement of General Gates, 471
of Ballston, enclosing intelligence of movement of enemy in that
vicinity, 47J
accompanying petition of John Monier, 437
requesting the loan of two thousand pounds, * 437
informing of surrender of General Burgoyne, 492
relative to seizure and disposal of the effects of persons who
have gone to the enemy, 497
praying the discharge of Ephraim P. Bogardus from prison,. . . 499
praying the discharge of John L. Van Aelen and John S. Van
Alstyne, 502
summoning William Adams to appear before the committee and
testify against Conrad A. Ten Eyck and others, 504
permitting Walter Carpenter to go home upon his taking the
oath of allegiance ^ 597
of Schoharie, for protection against the enemy, \ 507
informing of sale arrival of stores at Fort Edward, 508
ALGER, WILLIAM B ; Letter from, asking to be appointed to
the command of a company of marines, 337
ALLEN, ETHAN ; Letters from,
to Provincial Congress, relative to difliculties with the New-
York settlers upon the New-Hampshire grants, 21
giving an account of the capture of the fortified places on Lake
Champlain, and suggesting the propriety of attacking Ca-
nada, 22
containing addresses to the people t:f Canada, '>3
ALLICOCKE, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
to Lieut. Butricke, complaining of his not having transmitted
certain money, t>3
relative to settlement of certain accounts, 64
ALLISON, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
asking for money to purchase saltpetre 207
to Capt. Johnson, directing him to take charge of certain pri-
soners, 262
enclosins commissions for Col. Snyder's regiment 325
ALNER, JAMES; Letter from,
(■See Weissenfels, Frederick.)
ALSO?, JOHN ; Delegate in Continental Congress, Letters from,
{See Congress, Continental.)
relative to a supply of blankets, 60
AMBLER, JOSHUA; Letter from, asking direction concerning
the safe keeping of certain prisoners, 322
AMENIA ; Letters from commilice of,
{See Dutchess County.)
AMERICANUS; Letter from, cautioning Congress against allow-
ing persons to go to Great Britain, 180
ANGELL, JAMES ; Letter from, relative to the action of the
Providence committee on the subject of posts and post
offices, 52
522
INDEX.
ANONYMOUS LETTERS ;
to Christopher Eisenhart, 55
of a tory officer to Mr. Cornell, 79
delivered by John Suflfern to David Pye, 90
to Committee of Safety, signed A, 94
relative to purchase of lands, houses, &c 383
ARNOLD, BENEDICT; Letters from,
to Committee of Safety, giving an account of operations on Lake
Champlain, and asking a supply of powder, 25
to Connecticut Assembly on same subject, 25
on same subject, 26
to Cambridge Committee of Safely, relative to military opera-
tions near St. Johns, 26
giving estimate of stores needed at Ticonderoga, 46
asking that troops may be immediately sent to Ticonderoga,. . . 40
informing of attack on, and destruction of the American fleet on
Lake Champlain 344
ARTICLES OF CAPITULATION agreed upon between Genls.
Gates and Burgoyne 491
ASH, THOMAS ; Intercepted letter from, to John Shaw, relative
to affairs in Boston, 64
ASHFIELD, V. PEARSE ; Letter from, asking permission to
finish the loading of his vessel, 64
ASHLEY, JOHN; Letter from, giving an account of an attempt
of the Indians to capture some wagons at Stony hill, 512
AUCHMUTY, JAMES; Parol of, 306
letter from, asking for money to support himself while in pri-
son, 340
AVERY, ELISHA ; Letter from, urging an immediate supply of
flour for the troops, 324
I3ABC0CK, ADAM ; Letter from, asking a loan of eighteen can-
non for the defence of New-Haven, 95
UACHE.THEOPHYLACT; Letters from,
to Major Montcrief at Boston 79
excusing himself for not obeying citation of Congress, 116
BAKER, BENJAMIN ; Letters from,
relative to the manufacture of saltpetre, 86
on same subject 92
BAYLEYS, ELIAS ; Letter from, giving proceedings of Jamaica
committee relative to citizens of New- York visiting Queens
county, 240
BALL, JOHANNES ; Letter from, asking guard of 500 men to
protect people of Schoharie, 507
BALLSTON ; Letters from committee of,
(See Albany County.)
BAMPER, JACOB ; Letters from,
requesting a commission, 152
asking for a situation in the army, 269
BANCKER, ABRAHAM B. ; Letters from,
asking a supply of clothing, 487
soliciting to be appointed to the office of commissary of pri-
soners 496
relative to a supply of clothing for the array, 498
requesting an advance of money and a sergeant's guard to con-
duct prisoners to Goshen, 500
BANCKER, CHRISTOPHER ; Letter from, resigning the office
of commissary of prisoners and recommending Abraham
B. Bancker in his place, 496
BANCKER, ADRIAN ; Letters from,
and Richard Lawrence, relative to military operations in Rich-
mond county, 127
enclosing return of certain officers, 171
BANCKER, EVERT ; Letters from,
and others, asking supplies to fit out the Montgomery, 270
to Capt. Rogers on the same subject, 491
desiring the payment of account of Capt. Rogers, 492
BANCKER, FLORES ; Letter from, asking inTormatioa relative
to a resolve of Convention concerning the pay of new
troops, 457
BANCKER, GERARD ; Letters from,
asking appointment of another person in his place as Treasurer, 31G
certifying pay rolls of Capt. Melancthon Smith's company, 318
acknowledging receipt of pay rolls. &c. from Mr. Sands, 424
BARCLAY, JOHN; Letters fVom,
relative to conduct of certain Albany skippers, 96
requesting a supply of powder for Albany county, 240
acknowledging the receipt of certain resolutions of the Provin-
cial Congress, ... 248
relative to abuse in weight of flour, and also as to the disposi-
tion of the estates of persons who have gone over to the
enemy, 249
announcing the procuring of certain supplies, 267
transmitting copy of the proceedings against Messrs. Cuyler, De-
lancey and others, 284
transmitting prisoners to Gov. Trumbull, and relative to the
disposition of the same, 289
relative to a supply of flour for the army, 324
relative to the condition of affairs in Albany county, conduct of
the tories, kc 344
relative to the pay of sloops employed to guard Hudson's river, 398
enclosing affidavits relative to dangerous conspiracies, &c 417
enclosing copy of letter from William Gamble, 419
ordering the apprehensioii of Major Edmiston, 429
BARCLAY, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to Major Edmiston, and a scarcity of plank in \lbanv
, .county, ; '
asking direction how to proceed with the great number of tories
confined in the Albany jail, 45J
urging the immediate trial of Andrew Palmatier, a rinKleader
of the tories
relative to the delivery of a load of salt,. . . . .' * .' 4(jy
certifying the administration of the oaths of office to certain
persons, ^g-
enclosing letters from Alexander Robertson and othei-g in the
Albany jail ^gj^
enclosing information received concerning the designs of ilie
enemy,
requesting the loan of two thousand pounds for Albany com-
. . mittee, ^~
informing ol the surrender of Gen. Burgoyne 492
relative to the seizure of the effects of tories who have gone to
the enemy,
asking for the release of Ephraim P. Bogardus from prison,. . . 499
transmitting an account of the battle of Bennington '. 499
requesting the liberation of John L. Van Aelen and John's.' Van
Alslyne,
summoning William Adams to appear before Albany commit^
tee, and give evidence in the case of Ccnradt A. Ten Evck
and others, ' ^
informing of determination of Albany committee to release
Walter Carpenter upon his taking the oath of allegiance 507
BARD, JOHN; Letters from,
relative to the manufacture of salt, ^xo
offering his team for the public use, 3:14
Bard, SAMUEL; Letter from, certifying the qualificalions of
Dr. C. Osborn, as surgeon, 29 *
BARKER, WILLIAM; Letter from, informing of difficulties* in
enlisting men,
BARKER, WILLIAM, J a. ; Letter from, stating his readiness to
come under obligations to sen e the country, and praying
to be released from confinement, 3,9a
BARNES, JOHN ; Letters from,
asking a supply of blank commissions, 244
praying the exemption of Nehemiah Oakley from militia duty, 387
BARTELL, PHILIP; Letter from, asking permission to resign
his commission as ensign, 247
BAY, JOHN; Letters from,
enclosing letter from Adjonijah Strong, 50
enclosing letter from Rev. Samuel Kirkland, !5o
BAYARD, WILLIAM; Letter from, asking why his house is
surrounded by the soldiers, C5
BAYARD, SAMUEL, Jb. ; Letter from, asking the reason of his
arrest, J30
BAYARD, SAMUEL; Letters from,
relative to the removal of records from his office, 30
and others, commissioners for building forts in the Highlands,
asking for information in relation theretO; 73
relative to the plan of said fortifications, 84
relative to behaviour of Capt. North to commissioners, 89
enclosing remarks of engineer relative to said fortifications, ... 89
relative to work on the same, 94
showing necessity of immediate settlement of workmen on the
same, iqq
enclosing letters from England, 182
BAYARD, NICHOLAS; Letter from, asking compensation for
taking charge of the public records, 322
BAYLEY, JACOB ; Letters from,
giving reasons for not attending Congress, 53
relative to the organization of the militia, 96
relative to seitling with the rangers, 315
and others, relative to enlisting men for service in Cumberland
and Gloucester counties, 475
BAYLEY, JOHN, Jr.; Letter from, relative to his son and John
Graham entering the army, 3^
BEDFORD ; Letters from committee of,
(_See Westchester County.)
BEDLOW, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
relative to pay of commissioners for building forts in the High-
lands, '.. 91
and others, relative to the accommodation of the troops order-
ed to the Highlands, 99
in reply to the communication of B. Romans, engineer, relative
to expenses, &c, of fortifications in the Highlands, 103
requesting a greater allowance of provisions,. 12.>
relative to extra allowance to men at work on the fortifications, 132
relative to certain fortifications, 186
on behalf of the commissioners at Fort Constitution 193
enclosing account for his services, ]9.5
covering certain accounts 295
for money to complete the works for the obstruction of Hudson's
river, 405
requesting an advance of two thousand pounds,. ... 425
BEEKMAN, JOHN; Letter from, and others.
(See Willett, Marinus.)
BELKNAP, ISAAC ; Letters from,
and others, asking information relative to a certain resolve of
Congress, bO
informing of inability to raise men pursuant to resolve of the
Convention,. 443
INDEX.
523
PAGE.
BELKNAP, JOHN ; Letters from,
asking an alteration in his rank, 116
asking a month's pay in advance, 187
BELKNAP, ABEL ; Letters from,
recommending Cornelius Hasbrouck as first lieutenant, 176
requesting a supply of powder and lead for Orange county, 196
ordering the arrest and safe keeping of Elnathan Foster, 444
giving full statement relative to the conduct of said Foster,. . . . 453
BELKNAP, THOMAS, Jn. ; Letter from, asking permission to
raise a company of ritiemen, 177
BELLINGER, FKEUERICK; Letter from, giving information
of the collection of a party of Indians at Oneida, 203
BELLOWS, JONAS; Letter from, resigning the lieutenancy in
Capt. Denton's company, 60
BEND, JOSEPH; Letter from, recommending Messrs. Steinrod
and Jones, as suitable persons to raise troops to protect
Cortlandt's Manor, 366
BENEDICT, JOSEPH; Letter from, relative to condition of
Corllandl's Manor, 218
BENEDICT, ELISHA; Letters from,
relative to enlistment of men, 53
informing that his company is full, 68
BENSON, EGBERT ; Letters from,
relative to warrants, 32
advising of the election of a new general committee in Dutchess
county, 33
relative to raising troops for the defence of the forts in the
Highlands, 33
enclosing certificate of election of Deputies, 35
relative to apprehension of Col. Grant, 35
relative to conduct of certain persons in supplying the Asia and
British transports with provisions, 77
enclosing affidavits concerning the conduct of the Berghs,
Doughty, &c 83
informing of commitment of Timothy Doughty to jail, 134
returning list of officers for the three companies in the new regi-
ments, 136
informing of having committed certain persons to jail, 169
relative to certain companies in Dutchess county, 188
relative to raising two regiments in Dutchess county, and asking
money for the same, . 301
giving an account of the state of feeling among tlie inhabitants
in Dutchess county, 309
covering resolves of Dutchess county committee, and informing
of the discovery of a recent dangerous insurrection in that
county, 310
communicating information of an attempt to bring merchandise,
• &c. from New- York for the use of the tories, 353
informing of the landing of the British above Verplanck's
Point, 378
nominating officers for the Dutchess county regiment, 380
and others, relative to refusal of certain persons to take the oath
of allegiance, 398
relative to estates of persons fled to the enemy, which have been
sold, 407
relative to conduct of certain disaffected persons who have been
once removed from the State, 406
relative to detachment under command of Capt. Vail, 421
requesting supply of ammunition for committee at PoughKeep-
sie, 428
eoramunicating intelligence of destruction of Danbury by the
enemy, 433
and others, requesting money, 434
informing that a number of Quakers have been to Long-Island, 467
informing of landing of the enemy at Horseneck, 476
informing of the villainous attempt of a negro slave to violate
Mrs. Henderson, 515
BENSON, CHRISTOPHER ; Letter from,
(See Stoughtenburgh, Isaac )
BENSON, ROBERT ; Letters from,
relative to application of the quarter-master m Col. Drake's
regiment, 121
enclosing resolution of Committee of Safety to Springfield com-
mittee, 392
relative to Lord North's speech and advices from France, 481
BENSON, HENRY; Letters from,
requesting a physician for the persons confined in the fleet pri-
son 441
f urnishing memorandum of clothing for the men of the sloop of
war Hudson, 487
informmg of the escape of certain prisoners, 505
BERRIEN, JOHN ; Letters from,
requesting an order for money, 88
requesting two hundred pounds for the commissioners at the for-
tifications in the Highlands, 90
enclosing memorandum of account, 91
and Henry Wilmot, informing Convention of purchase of a tele-
scope for General Washington 286
a.iJ others, relative to the duties of the general committee of the
city of New-York 289
informing of the arrest and imprisonment of a number of tories, 294
3ETTS, THADDEUS ; Letter from, and others,
(See (iruman, Samuel )
BILLINGS, ANDREW ; Letters from,
relative to the enlistment of men, 72
containing journal of his passage to Fort Montgomery 168
requesting warrants for his subalterns, )68
PAGE.
BILLINGS, ANDREW ; Letters from,
and Peter Tappen, relative to removal of Mr. Beardsley and
family to New-York, 354
giving an account of the troubles occasioned by Messrs. Beards-
ley and Vandenburgh, 354
relative to the conduct of the tories in Dutchess county, 497
BIRDSALL, BENJAMIN ; Letters from,
informing of the conduct of certain tories in Queens county,. . . 180
requesting the immediate payment of the soldiers in his com-
pany, 227
giving a detailed account of his services since the commence-
ment of the troubles with Great Britain, 334
BIRDSALL, FREELO VE ; Letter from, declining an offer to con-
vey her to Peekskill, 417
BLACKLER, JOHN; Letters from,
returning his thanks to Gov. Tryon for favours, io7
asking to be discharged from confinement, jgg
BLACKWELL, JACOB ; Letter from, enclosing resolutions rela-
tive to removal of stock from Suffolk county, 245
BLACKWELL, JOSEPH; Letter from, relative to disposition of
brig Elizabeth, 500
BLAKE,'J0NATHAN; Letters from,
accompanying Joseph Purdy, a prisoner, 138
accompanying Mr. Valentine, a prisoner, 133
BLANCHARD, JOSEPH ; Letter from, requesting permission to
go on board of the Duchess of Gordon, 193
BLAUVELT, JOHANNES D. ; Letter from, relative to enlist-
ment of troops in Westchester, Dutchess, Ulster and Orange
counties, 294
BLEECKER, JOHN N.; Letters from,
relative to the delivery of certain flour, 70
with an account of stores, 70
enclosing sundry accounts, 74
enclosing account of provisions and asking for pay, 98
BLEECKER, JOHN R. ; Letter from, informing of the discovery
of sulphur springs, 413
BLEECKER, HENRY; Letter from, enclosing memorandum of
officers elected in Albany county, 97
BLEEKER, LEONARD ; Letters from,
requiring his commission, 393
asking to be transferred to Col. Livingston's regiment, 412
BLOMER, REUBEN; Letter from, giving security for Louns-
bury, the gun spiker, 144
BOLE, JANE ; Letter from, asking the return of certain papers,. 516
BOSTOCK, THOMAS; Letter from, and others, praying to be
supplied with necessaries for their comfort while prisoners, 502
BOSTWICK, ANNE ; Testimony of, relative to a deed given by
Stephen Delancey to Cornelius Steenrod, 464
BOUDINOT, ELIAS ; Letters from,
requesting that an account of all disbursements for the support
of prisoners may be transmitted to him, 418
relative to the refusal of Gen. Howe to exchange any prisoners, 465
BOURN, SHEAR JASHUB; Letter from, relative to purchase of
flour for use of people at Bristol, 85
BOYD, JOHN JAMES ; Letter from, averring that he is no tory, 149
BOYD, ROBERT, Jr.; Letters from,
relative to manufacture of gun barrels, 4.t
relative to a supply of gun barrels, 83
relative to a supply of arms, 123
relative to two sets of credentials sent by members to Congress, 198
complaining of refusal to supply powder, 200
relative to acts of the people of New- Windsor, 230
asking information as to the liability of county committees to
the commands of military officers, 231
ordering the arrest of Cadwallader Coldea 24.'j
transmitting proceedings against Cadwallader Coldeii, 303
complaining that Col. Hardenburgh unjustly detains money from
the Ulster county committee, and asking the inte.-ference of
Convention, 307
accompanying two counterfeiters sent to Col. Van Corllandt,. . . 31(5
recommending the payment of account of Moses Yeoman as
lieutenant, 337
relative to measures taken to accommodate the Continental
troops, 359
expressing surprise that tories should be discharged without ex-
amination, 412
relative to necessaries for the establishment of a foundry, 460
BOYNTON, BENJAMIN ; Letter from,
(See ship Sally, letters and papers taken from )
BRADT, JOHiV A. ; Letter from, enclosing monthly muster roll
of his rangers, 408
BRAY, ASA ; Letter from, offering to bring 100 men into service, (>2
BRKWER, H. ; Letter from, asking for supplies for his men 181
BREWSTER, SAMUEL ; Letters from,
and Benjamin Carpenter and Isaac Belknap, asking information
relative to a certain resolve of Congress . 50
asking information relative to permit to a sloop to trade at the
Highlands, 235
BREWSTER, CALEB; affidavit of, relative to expedition to
Long island 364
BRIDGEHAMPTON ; Letters from committee of,
(Sec Suffolk County.)
BUINCKERHOFF, DIRCK G., Letters from,
askini; further time to make a certain return, 68
and Gysbert Schenck, relative to Andrew T. Lowrence, 69
enclosing account of Capt. liegemen, 8}
enclosing copies of sundry receipts for arms, ^ • .
624
INDEX.
BROOKHAVEN ; Letters from committee of,
(i'ee Suffolk County.)
BROOKS, PHILIP ; Letter from to his wife relative to his situa-
tion as prisoner, 518
BROOM, JOHN; Letters from,
excusing non-attendance upon Convention on account of sick-
ness, 268
informing of tiie necessity of his inuncdialely returning home,. 341
relative to granting permission to ship Hour to the West-Indies, 440
relative to a supply of salt, 443
recommending the payment of the account of Capt. Rogers, 446, 452
informing of the sale of the privateer Montgomery 513
BROOME, SAMUEL ; Letter from, relative todilliculties between
his company and another, 75
BROWER, NICHOLAS ; Letters from,
relating to settlement of certain accounts for taking care of men
sick with the small |)ox, 470
giving information of tlie acts of certain neutrals around Onion 488
river, 498
BROWN, SAMUEL ; Letters from, (3) relative to the use of the
sloop Polly, 230
BROWN, JOHN; Letter from, giving reasons for remaining in
New-York, 28
BROWN, THOMAS ; Letter from, requesting to be excused from
militia duty, he being a Quaker, 198
BROWN, MR. AND MRS. ; Letter from to John Osborn, a sol-
dier, 163
BRUER, JUDITH; Letter from, asking permission to go to
New-York, 256
BRUERE, RICHARD ; Parol of, 237
letter of, and others, relative to supply of money for their sup-
port while prisoners, 281
BRUYN, SEVERYN T.; Letter from, declining his commission, 130
BRUYN, JAMES; Letter from, asking for a supply of money,. . 404
BUCHANAN, W. & T. & Co.; Letters from,
asking permission to load certain vessels, 63
asking leave to furnish necessaries to the snow Georgia, 85
BUDD, GILBERT , Letter from, relative to his boat at the Asia, 120
BUDD, JAMES; Letter from, giving account of the number, situ-
ation and designs of the enemy, 342
BUELL, SAMUEL; Letter from, informing of the want of troops
at Huntington, 173
BULL, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
giving reasons for declining to serve in the army of this country, 240
complaining of the hardships of making him a prisoner, 478
BURGER, JOHN; Letters from,
relative to musket barrels at Ticonderoga, 67
and others, asking that Capt. Houston may be admitted to parol, 500
BURGER, DAVID; Letter from, relative to conduct of certain
persons on Slaten island, 77
BURLING, SAMUEL ; Letter from, asking permission to ship
flour, 63
BURLING, LANCASTER ; Letter from, and Stephen Seaman,
informing of the refusal to pay for night work on board
ship Congress, 386
BURN, MARY HAY ; Letter from, to her husband, complaining
of being turned out of doors 342
BURNET, PETER; Letter from, e.xculpating himself from charge
of raising men for the Ministerial troops, 481
BURRNEILL, THOMAS; Letter from, relative to a post-office
at Newport, 52
BURR, THADDEUS ; Letters from,
and Nathaniel Wales, offering to carry messages to the Govern-
or of Connecticut 24
to Gen. Woosier, giving an account of the battle of Breed's Hill, 24
asking information respecting measures passed by Congress,. . . 30
relative to the support of Angus McDonald, a prisoner, 83
asking information relative to certain prisoners, 270
c.
CAKIATE ; Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
CAMPBELL, nUNCAN ; Examinalion of, before Pennsylvania
Comraillee of Safely, 5
letter of, complaining of threats to drive all the Scotch and Irish
from Argyle and New-Perth, and asking for protection,. . . 351
CAMPBELL, J AMES ; Letter from, to John Campbell in Lon-
don, 192
CANADA ; '
Address of Ethan Allen and James Easlon, to inhabitants of,. . 23
Address of Provincial Congress to inhabitants of, 40,41
CANTINE, MATTHEW; Letter from, and Zepha Piatt, Jr. rela-
tive to situation of affairs at Red-Hook, 449
CAPITULATION ; Articles of,
(See Articles of Capitulation.)
CARPENTER, BENJAMIN ; Letters from,
and Samuel Brewster and Isaac Belknap, asking information
relative to a certain resolution of Congress, 50
with return of field officers for Cumberland county, 122
CARRINGTON, Dr.; Letter to, signed " Incog," 61
CARSON, DAVID ; A prisoner, examination of, before Pennsyl-
vania Committee of Safety, 6
CASE, STEPHEN ; Letter from, in favor of three persons un-
justly accused of disaffection to the country, 485
CASTELEYN, B. RNT. ; Letter from, relative to trade of Ameri-
can merchants with him at the port of Dunkirk, 98
PACK.
CAUDELL, JOHN ; Letter from, asking to be heard relative to
sundry charges against him, 73
CHAMBERS, JAMES; Letter from, accompanying Peter Pill-
youn, a prisoner, J44
CHARLOTTE COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
of Manchester, relative to an attempt of a mob to prevent the
holding of a court in said county, 69
requesting a loan of two hundred poundc 338
CHASE, SAMUEL; Letter from, and others, relative to the cha-
racter of George Nicholson,
CHATFIELD, JOHN ; Letter from, stating that a fleet of ships
had been seen at Montauk Point, 149
CHATHAM, LORD; Debate on motion of, relative to the war
wiih America, 489
CHAW, SAMUEL; Letter from, requesting Convention to take
depositions relative to treatment of prisoners by the British, 380
CHESTER, LEONARDUS; Letter from, relative to escape of
certain prisoners from on board his vessel at Pouehkeepsie, 44
CHILDS, JOHN ; Letter from, recommending Philip Cooper, as
lieutenant 388
CLARK, NATHAN ; Letter from, covering proceedings of Com-
mittee on the New-Hampshire Grants, 76
CLARK, ABRAHAM ; Letter from, relative to powder, 46
CL.\RK, EBKNEZER; Oaths of office as county clerk, 465
CLARK &. NIGHTINGALE ; Letter from, relative to prizes taken
by the sloops Montgomery, Schuyler, &c 216
CLARKE, JERE.VIIAH; Letter from, recommending William
Roe to the command of a company 172
CLAVERACK; Letter from committee of,
(See Albany County.)
CLAY, JAMES ; Letters from,
relative to a certain paper before Congress 210
acceding to the proposition of the Convention to form a govern-
ment independent of the British Crown, 272
CLINTON, GEORGE ; Letters from,
relative to Col. Allison's regiment, 195
enclosing list of certain officers, 209
at King's bridge, 214
accompanying two prisoners, 221
relative to operations of his regiment at King's bridge, 226
asking direction concerning the obstructions in Hudson's river,. 234
dissenting from action of Congress relative to the appointment
of officers to the army in Canada, 238
informing of the operation of the troops under his command near
Hackensack, .. , 246
recommending the appointment of Lawrence as lieutenant, 257
asking the appointment of a commissary to supply the army
with provisions, &c 260
in answer to the letter of Congress relative to movement of the
troops at the Highlands, 251
to Major Verbryck, relative to his dismissal, 279
asking the immediate payment of the bounty due the troops un-
der his command, 293
relative to the condition of the New-York troops, and transmit-
ting information from Canada, 300
giving account of a skirmish with the enemy near White Plains, 317
askins a supply of money, and giving information of a movement
of the enemy's shipping 319
recommending the dismissal of a part of the militia, 331
informing of movement of the enemy's shipping and troops, and
of the condition of his own army, , 337, 339
proclamation of, convening the Senate and Assembly of New-
York 3.52
relative to raising troops in Ulster and other counties, 357
transmitting proceedings of a court martial, 368
asking for the transmission of the resolve of Congress relative to
treason, 373
giving account of the battle of Princeton, 390
in favor of Capt. Harris. 398
relative to the progress of the works for the obstruction of Hud-
son's river 402, 405
enclosing petition of sundry persons for pay, 405
rendering an account for services in Continental Congress, and
report of committee thereon, , 410
informing of the deficiency of the regiments of militia called out
by him, 423
enclosing copies of letters from Gen. McDougall, and a return of
the garrison of Fort Montgomery 428
relative to an attempted monopoly of flour, 459
transmitting the proceedings of a court martial, and relative to
the recruiting service 473
enclosing list of traitors under command of Jacobus Roosa and
those who have abetted them, 474
enclosing proceedings of court martial for the trial of Jacobus
Roosa and others 477
transmitting Mr. Coldcn and other prisoners for trial, 478
relative to granting pass to Mr. Colden to return home, 488
covering copy of Gen. Washington's letter to Congress, relative
to the loss of Philadelphia 489
informing of the passing of the chevaux de frise by the enemy's
vessels, 492
proclamation of, proroguing the legislature, 499
enclosing letter to Convention, 512
CLINTON, JAMES ; Letters from,
relative to condition of his regiment, 31
relative to supplies for his regiment, 44
orders of, to committee in Dutchess county, 80
INDEX.
525
PAGE.
CLINTON, JAMES; Letters from,
acknowledging the receipt of certain muskets 81
requesting tlie appointment of a surgeon to his regiment, 197
recommending George Denniston as sergeant, 253
asking immediate supplies for his troops at Fort Montgomery, . 255
urging the necessity of an immediate reinforcement of the garri-
son at Fort Montgomery, 261
recommending Jierck De Witt as lieutenant, 263
recommending John McClagry as ensign and Nehemiah Carpen-
ter as quarter-master, 266
informing of the breaking of the chain across Hudson's river.. . 315
relative to stopping the pay of certain deserters, 318
recommending Capt. Rosecrans and Lieut. Lee for appoint-
ments, 326
sending supply of coopers, • 338
asking commissions lor officers in the second New- York regi-
ment, • • • 350
relative to delivery of guns at Fort Constitution, 388
giving his opinion respecting the practical effect of certain re-
solves of Convention, 391
relative to the arrest of two tories, 392
enclosing return of the garrison at Fort Montgomery, 427
CLOPPER, CORNELIUS; Letter from, resigning his seat in
Congress, 94
CLOWES, S. ; Bond of, and John Polhamus, for the appearance
of said Clowes at Jamaica on a specified day, 134
CLYDE, SAMUEL ; Letter from, relative to the disposal of the
persons and property of the tories in Tryon county, 415
COE, DANIEL ; Letter from, giving reasons for not complying
with orders of General Sullivan to order militia to Morris-
town, 250
COE, JOHN; Letters from,
and others, to Gen. Clinton, informing of abuses committed by
English troops and tories to their property, 251
asking direction how to act as commissioner in Orange county,. 256
for payment of damages done by the Continental troops in the
south part of Orange county, 477
COGGESHALL, JAMES ; Letters from,
informing of his detention as prisoner, and asking to be set
free,... 108
on same subject, 115
COIT, SAMUEL ; Receipt of for certain arms received from Col.
Livingston, 403
COLDEN, CADWALLADER; Letters from,
to Ulster county committee, relative to his apprehension by
order of said committee, 245
asking to be released from confinement, and to be heard before
Convention, 279
complaining of arbitrary proceedings of Ulster county commit-
tee, and asking redress from the Provincial Congress 306
requesting permission to go home on parol, 389
asking copy of a report, to make out his defence, 389
praving for a pass for himself and family to remove to New-
York 403
and others, remonstrating against the removal of the keeper of
Kingston jail, 448
relative to supply of provisions for prisoners, 468
asking permit to go home to his family, 492
complaining of hardship of being confined a prisoner without
being brought to trial, 492
praying to be released on giving security for good behaviour, . . 516
COLE, CORNELIUS HUMFREY ; Letter from, requesting the
reappointment of a paymaster to his regiment, 389
COLT, PETER ; Letter from, relative to disposition of prizes
taken by Capts. Rogers and Pond, 408
COMMITTEE OF SAFETY;
(See Congress, Provincial.)
COMMISSIONERS FOR BUILDING FORTS ; Letters from,
{See Bayard, Samuel, and Bedlow, William.)
CONGRESS, CONTINENTAL ; Letters from Delegates in,
relative to a paper currency, appointment of committees, &c. . . 15
relative to money, the Indians, a supply of powder, &c 16
relative to levies, bounties, &c 16
acknowledging receipt of plan of accommodation with the parent
government 16
recommending Morgan Lewis as brigade major under General
Schuyler's command, 17
requesting the distribution of money, arms and powder, 17
recommending the seizure of all powder coming into the colony,
&C ; 17
relative to commissions forwarded, and the disposal of the tea
then in the colony, 17
relative to fortifications on the Hudson river, and a supply of
powder and clothing, 18
suggesting a delegation of powers to three of their number in
case of the absence of the rest, IS
enclosing resolve of Congress relative to exporting produce, &c.
to the West-Indies, to exchange for arms, ammunition, 8ic. . 18
relative to compensation of, and those from other colonies, .... 18
relative to supply of money and the condition of the fortress on
the Hudson river, 19
relative to a supply of money, 23
asking information respecting certain military movements, 83
extract of letters to, from persons in England, 86, 87
informing of resolve to appoint a commander to the fortress in
the Highlands, 107
relative to Richmond county deputies, raising of money, &c, . , . 131
[Vol. II.] 132
fAGS.
CONGRESS, CONTINENTAL ; Letters from Delegates in,
respecting the case of Mr. Forster, 135
relative to movements of Gen. Lee, 138
relative to export of flaxseed to Ireland, 141
relative to Connecticut troops, supply of money, &c 142
accompanying letter of Thomas Johnson and others, of Mary-
land, 150
acknowledging receipt of letter relative to independence, 197
announcing declaration of independence, 236
giving reasons for dissenting from action of Congress relative to
the army in Canada, 238
announcing passage of resolution to raise another battalion to
be commanded by Col. Duboys 254
covering receipt of James Hunter for $100,000, 320
relative to state of aflairs in Pennsylvania, informing of disaffec-
tion in Albany county, &c 428
respecting the command of the marine department on the lakes, 455
enclosing letter from Mr. Youngs, relative to disposition of Con-
gress to favor the insurgents upon the New-Hampshire
grants, 475
relative to attack made on Gen. Schuyler, by Members of Con-
gress from the Eastern States, 500
CONGRESS, CONTINENTAL; Resolves of,
relative to raising a company of matrosses to occupy the fortifi
cations in the Highlands, 7
relative to export of produce, &c. to the West Indies, to ex-
change for arms, ammunition, &c.. 18
relative to fortifications in the Highlands, 4S
declaring what troops shall garrison New-York, 151
issuing certain commissions, 195
relative to traitors, 196
relative to disaffected persons, 200
relative to exportation of sailed beef and pork, 200
directing the colonies to furnish militia for the defence of New-
York, 201
for raising an army in the several States, 220
to raise six thousand men for Canada, 240
to raise thirteen thousand eight hundred men, to reinforce army
at New-York, 241
relative to supply of clothing for the army, 321
extract from the minutes of, containing report of committees of
several States recommending fixed prices to be established
for certain commodities, 327
appointing committee to purchase blankets, &c 345
to furnish clothing to troops of Gens. Schuyler and Gates, 347
to inquire into the conduct of the British and Hessian ofScers
towards the officers, soldiers and marines of the United
States, 380
prohibiting the exportation of bacon, salt beef, pork, &c 381
giving full powers to Gen. Washington in regard to raising new
levies, appointing officers to the same, &c 381
conferring certain powers upon Gen. Washington, 385
relative to placing militia on the Highlands, 386
to prevent the depreciation of the Continental money, 386
relative to rank of officers, 412
relative to sending the accounts for recruiting battalions to the
paymasters of said battalions, and transmitting the same
to the treasury office, 429
appointing Gen. Gates to take the command of the northern de-
partment, 494
relative to formation of districts throughout the several States
for the recruiting service, 494
giving power to the General of the northern department to call
out the militia of the surrounding States 494
ordering Gen. Schuyler and other officers to Head Quarters, . . 495
instituting committee of inquiry relative to the evacuation of Ti-
conderoga, 495
relative to revolted subjects in the northeastern part of New-
York, 509
relative to the rank of officers, 514
CONGRESS, PROVINCIAL, CONVENTION, AND COMMIT-
TEE OF SAFETY ; Letters from,
to the colonels of the different regiments, 142
relative to the organization of the commttee in Queens county,. 1.55
giving commission of colonel to Abraham Lent, 175
to Gen. Clinton, relative to the protection of the passes in the
Highlands, 262
to Gen. Howe, asking permission for P. I. Livingston and oth-
ers to remove their families from New-York, 263
to Gen. Clinton, approving of certain measures adopted by him, 266
to Delegates in Continental Congress relative to obstructions in
Hudson's river, 274
to Gov. Trumbull relative to safe keeping of certain prisoners,. 275
to committee of Connecticut requesting assistance to remove
stock from Long Island, 176
to Gov. Trumbull on same subject 276
to Gen Washington informing that they had called out the mi-
litia, 285
to Gen. Washington enclosing certain resolutions, 286
covering resolve of to convey plates, engraving, &c. for bills to
West Point, 310
to Gen. Washington, relative to securing certain papers, 3i2
to same, giving information of movement of enemy's ships up
the river 3J2
to Col. Hamman, announcing the departure of a reinforcement
for his regiment. 312
remonstrating against the treatment of discharged prisoners, ... 316
INDEX.
PAGE.
CONGRESS, rROVINCIAL, CONVENTION, AND COMMIT-
TEE OF SAFETY; Letters from,
to Continental Congress, relative to clothing levies, 329
to Samuel Ten liroeck, enclosing certain resolutions 346
to the commanding officers of Fairfield and Litchfield, asking
aid from their troops, 346
to Gen. Washington, relative to movement of enemy's ships up
the river, 347
on same subject to Gens. Schuyler and Clinton, 347
to Gen. Morris, excusing necessity of ordering his return, ..... 348
to Caspar Slandt, soliciting him to make assays of lead, sulphur
and gun Uints, 369
to WiUiam Duer, relative to the protection of forage in West-
chester county, 375
relative to raising of troops by Cols. Alien and Warren, inde-
pendent of New-York, 379
relative to restrictions on trade of the State, 379
to Gen. Washington, relative to forts in the Highlands, recom-
mending Gen. Clinton to take command of the same, 400
to Continental Congress, on the same subject, 400
to Gen. McDougall, relative to the defenceless state of the forts
and passes in the Highlands, 400
to Geo. Clinton, relative to obstructions in Hudson's river, 401
relative to Col. Palmer's letter asking for a supply of wheat and
fiour, 409
relative to payment of expenses for transporting Continental
troops and baggage, 421
to Continental Congress, relative to case of Major Edminston,. . 422
m answer to Gen. McDougall's letter for raising money, &.C. . . 426
relative to granting assistance to McDonald, a miner, 430
to Continental Congress, relative to distressed condition of the
State for salt, 435
ordinances of, relative to paidon of such as shall return to their
allegiance, 446, 449
act of, to regulate wages of mechanics and laborers, prices of
goods and commodities, and charges of innholders, 455
relative to Gen. Putnam's letter, respecting the security of the
live stock in Westchester county, 461
to Gen. Washington, relative to the burning of New-York by
the retreating army, 478
enclosing resolve of Convention, relative to procuring supply of
boards at Albany, 479
to Governor of Connecticut, relative to exportation of flour and
grain to that State, 482
complaining of restrictions on trade of New- York by Legisla-
ture of Connecticut, 483
draft of, to Indians, relative to difficulties with Great Britain, . 483
containing specific charges against persons sent from Albany to
Hartford, Connecticut, 485
to Gen. Schuyler, acknowledging the receipt of despatches, 516
CONGRESS, PROVINCIAL, &c. Resolves of,
relative to the appointment of county committees, 42
for supplying the army with wheat 266
appointing Gerard Bancker deputy treasurer, 350
appointing hospitals for inoculation for the small pox 382
relative to John Bloomer, a disaffected person confined at Spring-
field, Massachusetts, 392
relative to appointment of collectors to obtain clothing for the
army 393
calling the Convention, 393, 395
raising committees to collect money, axes, boats, &c. for Gen.
Clinton, 458
relative to what persons shall be considered as exempt from mi-
litary duly, 510
("ONKLIN NICHOLAS; Letter from, and others, setting forth
the dislressd condition of inhabitants of Coshethton and
others for aid, 437
CONNER, RICHARD ; Letter from,
(See Micheau, Paul.)
CONNOLLY, MICHAEL ; Letter from, relative to the enlistment
of two prisoners, 501
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS;
(See Congress, Continental.)
CONVENTION ,
(See Congress, Provincial.)
COOK, TEMPERANCE ; Letter from, asking an appointment
for Capt. Piatt, 249
COOK, SIMEON ; Letter from, and Lewis De La Vergne, with
return of Amenia company, 93
COOK, SAMUEL ; Letter from, recommending the appointment
of Dr. Forman as surgeon 298
COOKE, NICHOLAS; Letter from, and John Smith and Daniel
Tillinghast, recommending that permits be granted for the
shipment of flour, 63
COOPER, GILBERT; Letter from, praying a reinforcement of
artillery to protect his regiment from the enemy, 476
COOPER, PHILIP ; Letter from, soliciting an appointment as
lieutenant 388
COOPER, ANANIAS; Letter from, relative to two prisoners
confined at Esopus, 446
CORNELL, ; Letter of a tory officer to, asking for a supply
of provisions, 79
CORNWALL J Letters from committee of,
(See Orange County.)
CORTELYOU, AARON ; Letter from ;
(See Micheau, Paul.)
CORTLANDT MANOR ; Letters from committee of,
(See Westchester County.)
CORTLANDT, PHILIP : Letters from,
(.S'ee Van Cortlandt, Philip.)
returning warrant of Samuel Van Veghten, 37
asking a supply of arms, tents, shoes, tScc '. 37
complaining ol conduct of Convention in superseding him and
. others, 2S7
relative to the appointment of Major Fish to his regiment, 399
relative to progress in recruiting his regiment, 405
enclosing resolve of Conlinenlal Congress, relative to the rank
of Col. Livingston and himself, 4j(j
asking for a supply of medicines for the troops, 414
recommending certain oHicers for his regiment, 43(j
requesting a supply of medicines, 453
CORWIN, DAVID ; Letter from, and others, relative to the erec-
tion of a powder mill by Henry Wisner, 302
COVENHOVEN, NICHOLAS ; Examination of relative to con-
duct of British troops on Long island, 27fi
COX, SAMUEL ; Parol of 236
CRANE, JOSEPH ; Letter from, relative to condition of the pri-
soners in New-York 445
CRANE, THADDEUS; Letters from,
relative to the conduct of his tory neighbors, 217
asking money to pay expenses incurred to heal a wound received
by hiin, 499
CREGIEK, THOMAS ; Letters from,
relative to the schooner Putnam, 217
on same subject, 223
announcing the result of a cruise in the schooner Putnam, 241
announcing arrival of fleet off Sandy Hook 244
relative to certain operations against the enemy's vessels, 279
giving an account of the action between his vessel and a British
ship, 304
CRUGER, JOHN; Letter from, asking a pass for himself and
family to go to New-York, 459
CRYGIER, SIMEON; Letter from, asking permission for his
wife to go to New- York to carry a child left with him by
Dr. Bruce 445
CUMBERLAND COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
informing of readiness to unite with their American brethren in
resisting the encroachments of British power, 50
enclosing return of field officers, 122
recommending Col. Bayley as Brigadier General, 201
relative to withdrawal from Congress of a letter respecting dis-
turbances among the settlers in said county, 210
of Hartford, in favour of a separation from New-York, 214
announcing conditional compliance with resolve of Congress to
form a new government independent of Great Britain, 272
enclosing account of expenses of committee 420
asking determination of Congress relative to a new State. 420
stating unwillingness of the militia to serve under the Slate of
New- York, 431
GUMMING, JOHN ; Letters from,
pledging himself to do nothing against his country, 440
remonstrating against beins removed to another prison 493
CUPBAIDGE, GEORGE ; Extract of letter from, relative to
movements in the British army, 46
CURSON, SAMUEL; Letter from at St. Eustalia, forwarding
certain bills of lading, and giving information of the state
of the market in the West Indies 301
CURTENIUS, PETER T. ; Letters from,
relative to supply of clothing for the army, 29
on same subject. 38
covering letter from John Lamb, 39
informing of the purchase of blankets, &c 39
enclosing account for tents, 44
relative to certain articles ordered by Congress, 45
relative to hospital stores for Gen. Lee, 122
relative to supplies for the Jersey regiment, 123
with estimate for four reginients 127
relative to the arrival of provisions for the troops, 128
relative to delivery of cartouch boxes, &c 147
requesting money, J49
relative to victualling the Continental troops, 152
and Peter Elting, relative to proposals for furnishing supplies to
the troops, 155
relative to purchase of raven's duck, 194
relative to movements of the enemy, and asking for money,.... 235
enclosing account of the disposition of lead, flints, &c 270
asking further supply of money, 277
asking that certain vouchers may be returned to him, 326
informing of non-receipt of a certain letter of Convention, 326
informing of the purchase of a large quantity of clothing, and
askins a further supply of money 343
CURTIS, ELEAZER ; Letter from, enclosing a certain inventory, 144
CURTIS, SETH; Letter from, correcting a mistake in his pay
roll, 296
CUYLER, ABRAHAM ; Letter from, requesting leave to return
home, 214
CUYLER, JACOB ; Letters from,
announcing compliance with the directions of Congress, 220
stating that Mr. Van Valkenburgh is anxious to serve in the
army, 249
urging the appointment of Barent J. Ten Eyck, 2r>S
and Leonard Gansevoort relative to the condition of the defences
&c. at Ticonderoga, 277~
INDEX.
527
PAGE.
CUYLER, JACOB ; Letter from, relative to seizure and sale of
certain tea at New Windsor, 508
CUYLER, JAMES; (3) Letters from, and others, to Provincial
Congress, relative to delivery of certain stores, 327
CUYLER, HENRY; Letters from,
asking permission to remain with his family until an exchange
can be effected, 385
excusing himself for having broke his parole, 438
D.
DALZIEL, ARCHIBALD ; Letters from,
at London to Ed. Church, relative to military and naval opera-
tions, 164
to John Fleeming, on same subject, 164
DASHWOOD, FRANCIS; Letter from, to the Mayor of New-
York, 179
DAY, ELKANAH ; Letter from, resigning his commission as
captain, 214
DAYTON, EBENEZER; Narrative of, of the proceedings of of-
ficers and men in Suffolk county, 292
letter from, recommending the sending of one or more compa-
nies of rangers upon Long Island 449
submitting plan for the organization of such rangers, to the Con-
vention, 450
DEANE, RICHARD ; Letter from, enclosing letter to Gouver-
neur Morris, 116
DEANE, SILAS; Letter from, and John Adams and George
Wythe, a committee of Continental Congress, to inqure in-
to the outrages by the ministerial troops, 19
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE,
(See Independence, Declaration of.)
DEFORUS, YOANNAR; Letter from, asking that a certain ac-
count may be sent to him, 369
DE GAS, JEAN BAPTISTE, the French interpreter ; Letter re-
lative to pay of, 132
DE LANCEY, P ; Letter from, to a British officer in Boston,.. . 159
DELANCEY, OLIVER; Letters from,
ordering certain cattle to be sent to Gen. Howe at Jamaica,. . . . 225
proclamation of, to enlist soldiers for the British army on Long
Island, 228
oflering pardon to all who will lay down their arms, 229
DELANCEY, STEPHEN ; (2) Letters from, relative to the ope-
rations of the whigs and threatening vengeance against
them 442
DE LA VERGNE ; Letter from,
(See Cook, Simeon.)
DELEGATES IN CONTINENTAL CONGRESS ; Letters from.
(See Congress, Continental.)
DENNING, WILLIAM ; Letter from, relative to the disposition
of a load of salt on Long Island, 282
DENNIS, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to hostile movements in New-Jersey, 68
relative to a supply of powder, 95
DENTON, DAJNIEL; Letter from,
(See Everett, Daniel.)
complaining of the non-appointment of Cadwallader Moore as
ensign, 300
DENTON, AMOS ; Letter from, and others, asking a commission
for Thomas Denton as second lieutenant, 308
i)E PEYSTER, ABRAHAM; Letter from, relative lo prisoners
sent from this colony and imprisoned in Connecticut 270
DE PUY, BENJAMIN; Letter from, relative to apprehended at-
tack on people of Mamacotting precinct, 216
DE WINT, GUERTSPT ; Letter from, 95
])E WITT, PETER; Letter from, relative to conduct of tories in
Dutchess county, 29
DE WITT, HESTER ; Letter from, asking permission to visit her
husband, then a prisoner in New-York 260
DE WITT, A. ; Letters from,
informing of an apprehended attack of the Indians on the peo-
ple of Papaconck 270
recommending John McDonald as a good miner, 434
DE WITT, CHARLES; Letters from,
enclosing returns of two minute companies in his regiment, 110
and others, giving account of a skirmish with the enemy and
asking a supply of clothing for the troops, 325
J>E WITT, LEVI ; Letter from, asking to be appointed lieutenant, 246
DHYGART, PETERS.; Letter from, respecting gangs of tories
and run-away negroes collected at Tunidella, 458
DISHON, JOHN; Letter from,
(See Shaw, Nathaniel, Jr.)
DOBBS, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
asking the confirmation of his right to a certain pettiauger.. ... 260
relative to procuring a supply of sail cloth, 427
DODGE, SAMUEL ; Letter from, relative to conduct of certain
persons in Dutchess county, 106
DOUW, VOLCKERT P. ; Letter from, covering a talk with the
Indians, 86
DRAKE, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
(See Ward, Stephen.)
informing of arrest of certain prisoners, 136
accompanying Joshua Gidney, a prisoner, for spiking cannon,. 139
enclosing examination of witnesses relative to spiking cannon, . 139
stating that measures liavc been taken to defend the Westchester
shore against the British ships, 276
DRAKE, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
accompanying Mr. Redfield, who had just escaped from the
enemy 296
giving his reasons for resigning his military appointment, 296
informing of the refusal of the officers under his command to
serve under another person, 297
DRAKE, SAMUEL; Letters from,
asking for powder, loo
asking for certain tory guns seized by Col. Waterbury, 128
asking commissions for sundry persons, jgo
asking supply of cots for the use of the sick of his regiment, . . 280
requesting commissions for the officers in his regiment, 342
assigning reasons for the conduct of the commissioners of se-
questration of Westchester county, relative to the disposi-
tion of the property of Stephen Delancey, 442
relative to disposition of a sloop left by Francis Peamart, de-
serted to the enemy, 446
relative to property supposed lo have been taken by the enemy, 468
DRAKE, GILBERT ; Letters from,
asking the interference of Congress in the appointment of offi-
cers to the militia of Westchester county, 54
returning militia officers elected, 62
relative to granting a commission to John Cocke, 79
accompanying Godfrey Hains, a tory, 84
concerning return of minute men in Westchester county, 90
announcing that Capt. Hyatt's company is ready for service,.. . 167
informing of the purchase of pork and flour, 170
giving orders for the arrest of disaffected persons on Cortlandt's
manor, 281
enclosing warrant of Capt. Orsburn, 348
DUANE, JAMES ; Letters from,
(See Congress, Continental, Letters from Delegates in.)
to Provincial Congress, relative to supply of money and condi-
tion of the fortress on the Hudson river, 19
relative to raising troops, &c 39
on same subject, , 124
relative to contract of Mr. Wharton to supply Pennsylvania
troops, 148
recommending a certain person for a military appointment, .... 326
informing of the discovery of a rich lead mine near Miller's ta-
vern, 431
relative to loss of passes in the Highlands and brutal conduct of
the British, 439
giving account of a battle with the enemy, 488
DUBOIS, PETER; Letter from, asking a renewal of his pass,.. 380
DUBOYS, LEWIS; Letter from, recommending the appointment
of certain officers, 255
DUTCHESS OF KOWTENSBURGH,
(See Kowtensburgh.)
DUER, WILLIAM; Letters from,
relative to troubles on the New-Hampshire Grants, 29
relative to his appointment as Deputy Adjutant-General, 37
relative to his conduct before the committee of Albany, 41
to Gen. Gates, relative to a proposed movement of his troops,. 337
recommending Joseph Hunt 360
relative to retreat of Gen. Healh from King's Bridge, and ope-
rations of the troops in that quarter, 366
relative to destruction of tory forage in Westchester county,. .. 376
rein five to conduct of Gen. Wooster and the Connecticut troops, 376
to Col. Van Rensselaer, advising him to maintain his position at
Rye Neck, • 377
relative to a memorial presented lo Continental Congress, for a
new State on the New-Hampshire Grants, &c, 418
DUETHER, WILLIAM ; Letter from, stating his willingness to
enter the service, 239
DUMOND, EGBERT ; Letters from,
relative lo the settlement of certain accounts with him, 217
enclosing intercepted letter from Peter Dubois, 454
DUMO.NT, JOHN ; Letters from,
giving account of proceedings of Kingston committee in appre-
hending tories, &c 419
asking for money lo pay the night watch at Kingston 424
DUNLAP, JOHN ; Letter from, requesting the payment of seven
dollars to Joiin McKesson, 295
DURYEE, DANIEL; Letter from and others, relative to the ar-
rangement of companies in Queens county 501
DUTCIIER, RULUFF ; Letter from, asking a discharge for him-
self and company, or for a furlough 314
DUTCHESS COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
transmitting certain warrants to the Provincial Congress 32
certifying the appointment of a committee of correspondence for
Dutchess county, 33
relative to a compliance with the resolves of Congress for
raising men to guard the fortresses in the Highlands, 33
relative to the case of Col. Grant, a disaffected person. 35
of Romboul's precinct, for further lime lo return the list of the
association, ^
relative to attempt of certain persons to supply the British ships
with provisions, •
of Rombout, with copies of sundry receipts of arms,
of Amcnia, certifying election of officers of minute men,
relative to discoveries of conspiracies among the lories,
relative to raising troops for the Continental service, and asking
for commissions,
of Rhinebeck, informing of having committed one Doughty to
Ulster coualy jail,
528
INDEX.
DUTCHESS COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
returning the names of officers elected for the three new compa-
nies raised in said county, 136
informing of having committed three tories to Ulster county
jail,.. 169
of Fredericksburg, enclosing examination of Isaac Bates, a tory, 180
relative to situation of companies enlisted in Dutchess county,. 18S
relative to condition of the lead mines at Great Nine I'art-
ners, 250, 231
of Poughkeepsie, in relation to an account for preparing five
sloops and fire scows, 259
of Poughkeepsie, refjuesting to be reimbursed for thciradvances
of money, 283
relative to raising two new regiments in said county, 301
acquainting of a dangerous insurrection in that county, 310
of Livingston's manor, relative to trouble with the disaffected on
said manor, 319^ 32O
relative to appointment of a person to make assays in lead, sul-
phur, and gun flints, 374
recommending certain persons for ofllcers of the militia, 380
informing of violation of the ordinance relative to inoculation
for the small pox, 401
of Northeast precinct, praying for the exemption from military
duty of persons engaged in the manufacture of scythes, 431
of Pauling's precinct, relative to purchase of salt and flour in
Connecticut, 439
of Amenia, relative to adoption of measures to protect them
from the tories, 454
of Rhinebeck, complaining that Col. Robert Livingston demands
an exorbitant price for his iron, 457
DYRE, SAMUEL ; Letter from, relative to purchase of flour,. . . 90
E.
EASTHAMPTON; Letters from committee of,
(See Suffolk county.)
EASTON, JAMES ; Address of, and Ethan Allen to the people of
Canada, 23
ECKER, WOLVERT; Letter from, relative to expenses incurred
in arresting certain persons, 97
EDWARDS, PIERPONT ; Letters from,
to Provincial Congress asking information of certain measures
adopted by Congress, 27
and Nathaniel Wales and Thaddeus Burr on same subject,. ... 30
EHAR, GEORGE, Jr. ; Letter from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.)
EISENHART, CHRISTOPHER ; Anonymous letter to, 55
EISENLORD, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to the arrest of certain tories in Tryon county, ........ 416
for instructions relative to the di'^position of the property of to-
ries, claimed by whigs for the payment of debts, 513
ELDER, WILLIAM; Parol of, 307
ELLIOT, ; Letter from, requesting permission for his son-
in-law to return to New-York, 250
ELMENDORF, JOHN; Letter from, declining an appointment
by Convention, 335
KLSWORTH, WILLIAM; Letters from,
relative to the discharge of Azor Botts and John Blackner, 113
certificate of, concerning the examination of the Mongers as
counterfeiters, 117, 118
informing of the arrest of certain money makers and asking con-
cerning disposition of the same 118
acknowledging the receipt of three prisoners, 137
recommending certain persons to be appointed to Capt. Has-
brouck's company, 154
ELTING, PETER ; Letters from,
(See Curtenius, Peter T.)
EVERETT, DANIEL; Letter from, and Wm. Allison, Samuel
Jones and others, recommend. ng George H. Jackson as
lieutenant...... 54
EVERETT, JOHN ; Letter from, ordering the raising of a com-
pany of troops for the King's service, 262
EXCEEN, ALEXANDER, two intercepted letters from, to his
brother, 383
EXUEN, ALEXANDER ; Letters from,
announcing his arrival at New-London with supplies, 215
announcing the loss of part of a cargo of salt, 221
F.
FANNING. PHINEAS ; Letter from, relative to operations at
Oyster Ponds, 54
FANNING, EDMUND ; Letter from, relative to the confinement
of the steward of Gov. Tryon, 56
FERRIS, JOHN ; Letter from, containing remonstrance of the
committee of Corllandt's manor, against the employment of
Peter Corney to purchase wheat, 359
FIELD, JOHN ; Letters from,
asking payment of an account for bringing off stock from Long-
Island, 261
and J. Paddock, urging the importance of raising a company of
rangers in south part of Dutchess county, 267
FINCH, ANDREW ; Letter from,
(See Yates Christopher P.)
FINN, THOMAS ; taken prisoner on board a British transport,
examination of, before Pennsylvania Committee of Safety,. 6
rl'cIf'r-D^^'^^^''^'^' •■'='al»ve to his commission,. . .'^^'uHl
V.t.,,,,' r.,P^^^^' ' ^^^^"S a military command,. . 60
USHER, HKNDRICK; Letters from, w
to the Provincial Congress, informing them of the formation of
the New-Jersey Congress, 27
acknowledging the receipt of a certain letter, !.'!.*!.' 86
FI.SHER, THOMAS; Letter from, asking permission to go'to
New-York, " 4Q7
FISHER, FREDERICK; Letter from, and John Eisenlord,' rela-
tive to the proper disposition of estates belonging to tories
in Tryon county, ^jjg
FISHKILL; Letters from committee of,
(See Dutchess County.)
FLEEMING, Mrs. A. ; Letter from, to her husband at Boston 162
FLEMING, EDWARD; Letters from, "
requesting leave to resign his commission as lieutenant colonel
in Col. Clinton's regiment, 59
enclosing his commission 107
FLOYD, WILLIAM; Letters from,
(See Congress, Continental, Letters from Delegates in.)
relative to the disposition of certain money, J3g
and Henry Wisner enclosing twelve thousand, five hundred dol-
'"s, 13^
enclosing resolves of Congress and money for the troops, 320
FONDA, LAURANCE ; Letter from, transmiltins copies of the
evidence relative to the conduct of Col. John Van Alen, . . . 396
FORDHAM, NATHAN; Letter from, and others, enclosing list
of cannon and stores at Sag Harbour, 172
FOSTER, JOHN; Letter from, relalive to the purchase of tow
cloth, J 2^
FOSTER THOMAS ; Affidavit of, concerning the cruel treatment
of prisoners on Long island by the Hessians, 486
FOX, CHRISTOPHER ; Letter from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.)
FOXCROFT, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to bills of exchange, 161
relative to his clerk, 179
FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN; Letters from,
to Committee of Safety, requesting that care may be taken of
sundry packages on their way to Gen. Washington, 7
relative to furnishing a quantity of gunpowder, 7
(3) on same subject g
FRANKLIN, WALTER & Co. ; Letter from, requesting permit
for a vessel to sail to Georgia 88
FRANKLIN, GOV. WILLIAM ; Letter from to his wife, 211
FRANKLIN, HENRY ; Affidavit of relative to the treatment of
prisoners by the British army, 411
FRANK.S, JOHN; Letter from, covering general orders relative
to rank of officers, 453
FREDERICKSBURGH; Letters from committee cf,
(See Dutchess County.)
FREER, JOSEPH; Certificate of, of having been witness to a
certain deed given to Cornelius Steenrod, 464
FRENCH, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
giving his reasons for not attending Congress, 75
asking to be discharged from confinement, 127
announcing his readiness to meet any charges against him, 194
FREY, JOHN ; Letters from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.)
asking a supply of money for Tryon county 269
FRIEND, CHARLES: Letter from, proffering information rela-
tive to counterfeiters of paper money, 112
FULLER, JAMES ; Letter from, informin^r of the refusal of his
men to march 461
FURMAN, WILLIAM; Letter from and others, relative to the
examination of Nathaniel Mills and others before the Ja-
maica committee, 283
«.
GALE, S. ; Letters from,
asking for protection, while prisoner of war, from certain evil
disposed persons of Cumberland county, 119
complaining of ill treatment, and illegal detention as prisoner,. . 178
relative to his confinement, &c 183
GAMBLE, WILLIAM; Letter from, asking permission to go to
New- York, 419
GANSEVOORT, LEONARD ; Letter from, announcing the eva-
cuation of Crown Point, 231
GANSEVOORT, PETER; Letters from,
recommending Messrs. Colbraith and McClannen as ensigns, . . 326
relative to making returns of his regiment, 399
apologizing for not sending returns of regiment, 432
GANTEE, PETER; Letter from to William Cunningham, inform-
ing of his confinement in New-York, 163
GARISON, HENDRICK; Letter from, complaining of his treat-
ment by the Richmond county committee 154
GARRIGUE, JACOB ; Letter from, relative to the procuring of
sheet iron for stoves, 230
GATES, HORATIO ; Letters from,
to Gen. Schuyler, relative to military operations at Ticonderoga, 232
forwarding a letter to Gen. Washington, 356
acknowledging the receipt of sundry packages from Congress,. 425
enclosing letters to Gen. Washington 444, 451
giving reasons why, in his opinion, Ticonderoga should not be
evacuated,
INDEX.
529
GATES, HORATIO ; Letter from, ordering reinforcements of
militia to join the northern army, 495
GEDNEY, ISAAC ; Letter from, asking to be released from con-
finement, 115
GELSTUN, DAVID ; Letter from, announcing the result of his
journey to deliver despatches to Govs. Trumbull, Cook, &.c. . 228
GELSTON, MALTBY; Letter from, asking that measures be
adopted to prevent the stock on Long island from falling
into the hands of the enemy, 313
GENERAL ORDERS ;
(See Orders, General.)
GILBERT, BENJAMIN AND JOHN ; Letter from, asking for
commissions, 422
GILL, MOSES ; Letter from and others, praying for a supply of
powder to the troops at Cambridge, 10
GLEN, CORNELIUS : Letter from, relative to the election of
treasurer, 220
GLOUCESTER COUNTY; Letters of committees in,
requesting blank commissions for the militia of said county, .. . 200
recommending Col. Bayley as Brigadier-General, 201
GODDARD, WILLIAM ; Letter from, relative to an annihilation
of the old Parliamentary Post-office, and the institution of
one on a constitutional basis, 51
GODWIN, ABRAHAM ; Letter from, requesting a captain's
commission, 132
GODWIN, HENRY ; Letters from, recommending Abraham Leg-
gett, 375
relative to conduct of Dirck Brinkerhoff in turning him out of
doors, 408
GOFORTH, WILLIAM ; Letters from;
(See WiUett, Marinus.)
and John Houston, for encouragement to make salt, 288
resigning his majority 313
GOLDSMITH, DANIEL ; Letter from, relative to the discharge
of John Andrews, 286
GOSHEN ; Letters from committee of,
(See Orange County.)
GRAHAM, LEWIS ; Letter from, recommending appointment of
James Cook, as quartermaster, 121
GRAHAM, JOHN AUGUSTUS ; Letter from, certifying to the
sickness of William Sutton, 299
GRAHAM, ROBERT ; Letter from, asking permission to export
flour to the Eastern States, 466
GRAHAM, DANIEL ; Letters from,
relative to the conduct of certain persons having charge of the
sale of salt, 354
asking for a guard to watch prisoners and to protect the public
■ records, &c 382
GRAHAM, CHAUNCEY ; Letter from, asking permission to in-
oculate his wife and child for the small pox in his own
house, 380
GRANT, ALEXANDER; Letters from,
to Capt. McKenzie, relative to the movements, &c. of the " re-
bels," IfiO
to Major Small on the same subject, 165
for permission to send his family under the protection of a flag of
truce, to New-York, 369
GRANT, THOMAS; Letter from, enclosing a list of the stores
on board the brig Friendship, 294
GREAT NECK ; Letters from committee of,
(See Queens County.)
GREENE, NATHANIEL ; Letters from,
informing of the destruction of Falmouth by the British troops, 91
asking permission to have his brother inoculated for the small
pox,
201
asking information relative to the deposition of certain Scotch
prisoners 239
relative to the disposition of a horse captured by AVilliam Brad-
ford 318
(JREIG, JAMES ; Letter from, informing of a British officer
having been seen at Paramus, in disguise, 366
GRENELL, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to enlistments, 72
declining a captaincy in the artillery, 147
GRENELL, THOiMAS; Letters from,
informing relative to the condition of the fortifications, J41
to Lieutenant Fleminc; 185
rlairaing the right to appoint his own officers, according to an
understanding with Congress, 504
asking that the pay list for the navy may be forwarded to him,. 517
GRIFFING, DANIEL ; Letters from,
asking that he may receive his proper rank as an officer, 329
and others, recommending Benjamin Titus as lieutenant, 392
GRISWOLD, MATTHEW; Letter from, relative to some stock
sent to Lyme, Connecticut, from Long-Island, 315
GRUMAN, SAMUEL ; Letter from, and others, on the subject
of establishing post-offices, 52
H.
HADDEN, THOMAS ; Letter from, informing of the manner in
which he became possessed of certain money 429
HAGAN, FRANCIS ; Letter from, giving account of the bailie
of Bennington, 499
HAINS, GODFREY ; affidavit of Eunice Purdy, concerning
conduct of, 84
HAIGHT, JOHN, Jr.; Letter from, approving the plan of Wil-
liam Goddard for a post-office, 52
rVol. II.} , 133- -
HALLETT, JOSEPH; Letters from,
relative to grape shot,
excusing his non-attendance upon Congress, on account of indis-
position,
relative to the disposition of the prize goods captured by Capt.
Rogers,
HALLETT, JONATHAN ; Letter from, asking the appointment
of some person in the place of Peter Benedict,
HALSEY, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
certifying to the good conduct of Capt. William Pemberton, ...
certifying to the good conduct of Lieut. Simon Eraser .
HAMILTON, ALEXANDER ; Letters from,
requesting pay for his company, a bounty of frocks, &c
certifying that William Douglass had lost his arm,
relative to filling a vacancy in his company in place of Lieut.
Johnson,
relative to the subsistence of his men,
relative to the situation of the artillery company belonging to
this State,
enclosing letter to Gen. Wayne,
relative to the condition of the army, and proposed movements
of Gen. Washington
HAMMAN, JAMES ; Letters from,
vindicating himself against charge of dereliction of duty,
giving account of the condition of his regiment,
informing of the sailing of the enemy's ships up the Hudson ri-
ver,
enclosing return of his men,
asking for immediate reinforcements, &c
stating the readiness of Capt Dutcher to raise a company to pro-
tect Tarrytown, and asking the permission of Convention,.
HAMPTON, JONATHAN ; Letters from,
relative to the arrival of gunpowder,
informing of the arrest of three deserters,
relative to Ensign McLeod,
HAMTRAMCK, H. ; Letter from, praying to be heard before the
committee of arrangement,
HANCOCK, JOHN; Letters from,
to Provincial Congress, transmitting resolves of Continental Con-
gress, relative to immediate measures for defence,
transmitting resolve relative to furnishing batteaux, provisions,
&c
transmitting resolve relative to flour,
transmitting resolve relative to means of defence,
relative to detention of Capt. Coffin's vessel,
relative to the appointment of general officers,
relative to the men employed in defending Crown Point and Ti-
conderoga,
enclosing commission for a deputy adjutant general of the troops
under command of Gen. Schuyler,
requesting that a supply of gunpowder may be forwarded to the
army before Boston,
enclosing commission of Mr. Fleming as deputy adjutant general,
and also 400 commissions for the officers of the forces under
command of Gen. Schuyler,
directing that certain troops forthwith proceed to the aid of Gen.
Schuyler,
relative to a supply of powder, the brigantine Mary, the con-
struction of certain forts on the North river, and enclosing
extracts of letters from J.ondon,
relative to an immediate supply of powder to Gen. Schuyler,.. .
requesting the removal of all the sulphur from the city of New-
York, in anticipation of an attack from the British forces,. .
requesting a copy of the letter to Gov. Tryon,
transmitting copies of the examinations of Campbell and Symes,
officers, and a number ol' marines taken from on board a
transport stranded on Brigantine beach,
relative to raising a company of matrosses,
enclosing resolutions of Continental Congress, respecting the
fori in the Highlands,
relative to certain clothing sent for the use of the army,
relative to furnishing troops in New-Jersey with fire-arms,
enclosing resolves relative to the forts in the Highlands,
enclosing resolution of Congress, relative to a defence of the Co-
lony, and operations in Canada
relative to raising new troops to secure Canada,
announcing ilie determination of Congress to fit out letters of
marque, &c
enclosing resolves of Congress, relative to the detection and pu-
nishment of traitors,
enclosing resolves of Congress, relative to the equipments of the
army,
enclosing two resolutions of Congress,
giving information of an intended attack on New-York, by Gen.
Howe,
relative to the pay of the troops of the Middle Colonies,
covering certain appointments,
enclosing copy of the Declaration of Independence,
urging a full representation of all the States in Continental Con-
tinental Congress, ' '
enclosing resolves of Congress, offering large bountie* to officers
and soldiers enlisting for the war,
enclosing resolve relative to an increase of the array,
enclosing resolves relative to fixed prices for merchandise,.. . . .
enclosing resolve of Congress, relative to a lull representation in
Congress, • •
enclosing a certified copy of the Declaralioa of ladependence). . .
A.GL.
127
143
344
264
353
354
108
221
278
299
415
431
436
309
309
311
311
312
312
63
54
69
361
7
7
7
123
140
140
170
196
197
200
201
202
246
313
318
345
347
361
379
37»
530
INDEX.
PACE.
HANCOCK, JOHN ; Letters from,
covering resolves of Congress, relative to the exportation of cer-
tain articles, augmentation of the army, &.c 3S2
enclosing resolves of Congress relative to a supply of clothing,. 386
enclosing resolve relative to keeping Continental money at full
value,.. 387
asking relative to the progress of the recruiting service, 393
certifying the election of George Clinton as brigadier general,. . 397
enclosing proceedings of Congress relative to appointment of
commandant for the fortresses in the Highlands, 397
desiring the attendance of the Xcw-York Delegates in Continen-
tal Congress, 409
covering certain resolves of Congress, 422
urging a speedy calling out of the militia 467
enclosing resolves of Congress, ordering Genls. Schuyler and St.
Clair to head quarters, and Gen. Gates to the command of
the northern department, 495
enclosing warrants from the marine committee for ihe officers of
the United States fleet, 504
ordering the frigates in the Hudson river to be put in order for
iramediale service 5J2
HAND, EDWARD; Letter from to Gen. Wade, accompanying
certain prisoners, 246
HANOVER i Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
HANSON, JOHN ; L etters from,
requesting the appointment of a commissioner in his stead, 88
resigning his commission, 89
HARB.\RK, JOHN ; Petition of, to purchase hides, 417
HARDENBERGH, JOHANNES; Letters from,
relative to progress in raising companies in Ulster county 113
giving his reasons for signing two sets of credentials to members
from Ulster county, 199
requesting information relative to the delivery of certain arms,. 214
requesting arms and accoutrements for his men 286
explaining his conduct in signing certain credentials, payment of
money, &c 305
HARDENBURGH, JACOBUS; Letters from,
requesting the removal of certain Canadians 430
praying the removal of two tories from his house, 486
relative to parol of Ruloff Eltinge, 492
HARING, JOHN ; Letters from,
enclosing warrant to Severyn T. Bruyn, 130
enclosing Col. Lent's commission and resignation, 175
order of, to supply ship Mercury, I93
transmitting a letter from the Clarkstown committee, asking for
protection, 315
in favour of the petition of Lawrence Smith, 396
HARPER, WILLIAM; Letters from,
requesting Caspar Slandt, chemist, to make explorations for
black lead, sulphur, &c 410
praying the adoption of measures to protect the south and west
part of Tryon county, 509
HARPERSFIELD ; Letter from committee of,
(See Tryon County.)
HARPUR, ROBERT ; Letters from,
informing of the arrest of Margaret Beck for supplying provi-
sions to the ships, 112
requesting that Hampden Hall may be cleansed, 146
recommending Peter Rosa as lieutenant, 176
requesting the perusal of the minute book of the Provincial
Congress, 202
containing instructions to officers appointed to recruit in New-
York for the United States service 258
recommending Lieutenant Drake as captain, 407
relative to the militia carrying off cattle from Frog's Neck, 414
HARRIOT, THOMAS ; Proceedings of New- York committee in
case of, 203
letter from, announcing his willingness to give his word and
honor not to injure the Colonies, 207
HARRIS, THOMAS R.; Parol of, 306
HARRISON, ROBERT H. ; Letters from,
accompanying Samuel Wooten, a prisoner, 246
relative to operations at Harlem Heights 322
requesting the light horse to repair to head quarters, 339
HART, JOHN, Jr.; Letter from, enclosing an intercepted anony-
mous letter, signed " Incog," 61
HARTFORD ; Letters from committee of,
(See Cumberland County.)
HARVEY, JOEL, Jr. ; Letter from,
(See Morse, Josiah.)
HASBROUCK, T. ; Letter from and others, relative to commis-
sions lor the regiment in Ulster county, 153
HASBROUCK, J.; Letters from,
requesting rank, 153
relative to certain commissions, 179
HASBROUCK, JONATHAN ; Letters from,
asking commissions for officers in his regiment, 341
asking copy of resolve relative to cases of refusal to march, . . . 383
HASBROUCK, JACOB ; Letter from, relative to the case of Cor-
nelius Sammons, 430
HASTINGS, GEORGE ; Examination of before the Pennsylvania
Committee of Safety, 6
HATHAWAY, ISAAC; Letter from, asking information relative
to the cables and anchors belonging to the sloop Kingbird,. . 503
FACE.
HATHORN, JOHN ; Letters from,
asking for commissions to fill the vacancies in the resiraenU of
Orange county,
asking approval of Gen. Clinton of certain acis of his men in
pursuing the enemy, oiq
HAVERSTRAW ; Letters from committee of,'
(See Orange County )
relative to proceedings of Salem committee towards certain to-
ries, etc
asking information relative to the proper course to be pursued
relative to Westchester county tories, 204
HAW LEY, ELISHA; Letter from, resigning his office as iieu.
tenant of the rangers, c,„,
HAY, A. HAWKES ; Letters from,
relative to raising minute men, j^g
covering account of Haverstraw precinct against the Convention 212
asking provisions and arms for his regiment, '319
acknowledging the receiptor money, &c 321
HAZARD, THOMAS; Letter from, relative to the nomiiiaUon
of certain officers,
HAZARD, NATHAN; Letter from, recommending Capi'Na'th
Plait as colonel, nc,,
HAZARD, EBEN; Letters from,
asking lor money for the eastern postriders, 83
complaining that the posts are charged with ferriage 92
respecting postage due to him, 221
(2) relative to keeping post office at Head-Quarters, . . . . . . . , 227
respecting the sale of a certain privateer, 229
relative to payment of certain postage, 231
giving information of the place of deposit of certain documents . 256
informing of the movement of the enemy below Dobb's ferry,.'. 458
HAZETINE, JOHN; Letter from, relative to the feelings and
determination of the people of Cumberland county, 50
HFAxH' ^tM,^7V\^"i^r ' from, asking for orders,. ". 127
HEATH, WILLIAM; Letters from,
refusing a certain permit, J73
requesting guides to certain tories, 173
asking a pass for a sloop with prisoners, . , , . 174
and others relative to the removal of stock from Long island,.'.* 195
relative to expiration of term of service of the militia under his
command,
securing passes through the Highlands, ..'....*... 213
asking a copy of the resolution of Convention encouraging sol-
diers to serve in the army, 229
announcing the landing of the enemy near Tappan, 234
informing that the enemy's fleet has sailed, 253
relative to operation of the troops under his command, and move-
ments of the enemy towards the Highlands, 254
staling that he is about to return to Peekskill in obedience to the
orders of Gen. Washington, to protect that part of thecoun-
, ify- 259
relative to certain plundering committed by Capt. Ford, and
company, and transmitting receipts for compensation for
damages done by the same, 330
relative to his stopping a flag of truce, 332
informing of the operations of the troops under his command,
and asking for the establishment of a hospital, 33.5
HEERMANE, JACOB ; Letter from, complaining of the conduct
of Col. Robert Livingston, in selling iron at an exorbitant
price, 457
HELME. THOMAS; Letter from, relative to conduct of certain
persons in Brookhaven, 75
HEMPSTED, ROBERT ; Letters from,
asking a supply of gunpowder for Suffolk county, 69
asking commissions for new officers, gg
HENRY, JOHN; Letters from,
asking information relative te amount of bounty to be given to
soldiers, 395
urging a further supply of clothing for the troops, 405
relative to a supply of buckskin breeckes for the army, 444
asking a supply of money to purchase clothing, 444
requesting that certain goods purchased for the State may be
forwarded to him, 468
acknowledging the receipt of a supply of buckskin breeches,. . . 470
transmitting a sketch of his account as commissary of clothing, 503
asking an increase of his salary 515
HERCHKEIMER, NICHOLAS :' Letters from,
recommending certain military officers, 61
asking certain instructions from Congress, 66
enclosing copies of certain resolves of Tryon county committee, 78
transmitting notice of the election of a new sheriff in Tryon
county 81
relative to the conduct of Sir John Johnson, 96
and others, complaining of the action of the Tryon county com-
mittee in reference to John Kemensnider and son, 263
recommending Capt. John Eisenlord, 264
HERRICK, RUFUS ; Letter from, stating that his company is
full 54
HETFIELD, MOSES; Letter from, asking a supply of clothing,
&c 466
HEWES, JOSEPH ; Letter from,
(See Hooper, William.)
INDEX.
531
PAGE.
HICKS, WHITEHEAD ; Letters from,
ksking information concerning the resolution relative to persons
returning to New- York, 146,147
informing of his intention to wait on Convention speedily, 429
HICKS, THOMAS ; Letters from,
giving his reasons for not attending Congress, 74
excusing his non-attendance upon Congress on account of ill-
health, 207
HIGGINS, JOHN ; Letter from, submitting a plan to burst the
enemy's cannon, 481
HILL, JOHN ; Letters from,
asking to be appointed surgeon to Col. Clinton's regiment, 118
complaining of the conduct of Cadwallader Golden, 192
HINMAN, BENJAMIN; Letter from, relative to operations of
the troops under his command, 28
HOB ART, JOHN SLOSS; Letters from,
informing of the destination of Col. Livingston's regiment, 222
relative to interview with Gen. Washington respecting the ex-
change of Gen. WoodhuU, &c 222
enclosing proceedings relative to letter from Gen. Clinton, 228
accompanying Isaac Ketchum, a prisoner, 266
informing of his readiness to furnish money to fit out the Mont-
gomery, 267
and James Townsend, excusing their assumption of extraordi-
nary powers in Queens county, and urging an immediate re-
inforcement of troops in that quarter, 291
relative to the state of affairs in Queens county, and enclosing
narrative of Ebenezer Dayton -. 292
givina: account of his efforts to effect the exchange of General
Woodhull, 346
congratulating Congress upon the favourable aspect of affairs,. 395
recommending Nicholas Fish as major, 409
relative to an immediate supply of salt, 460
HODGE, ROBERT ; Letter from, asking that the key of his store
may be returned, 341
HODGES, JOHN; Letters from,
relative to appointment of officers to his vessel, 504
informing of the readiness of the vessels under his command to
meet the enemy, 511
HOFFMAN, HERMAN ; Letter from, enclosing affidavit relative
to the conduct of Reyer Schermerhorn, in depreciating the
Continental currency, 409
HOGEBOOM, STEPHEN ; Letter from, enclosing petition of
committee of Claverack district, and also certain papers
found in the hands of conspirators, 420
HORSINGTON, JOAB ; Letters from,
(See WiUiams, William.)
transmitting information of enemy's movements to Gen. Gates,. 317
asking for money, 379
HOLMES, JOHN; Letter from, relative to the examination of
certain tories in Shrewsbury, N. J 271
HOLMES, JAMES ; Letter from, ordering the stoppage of the
pay of certain deserters, 120
HONEYWELL, ISRAEL ; Letters from,
asking a reinforcement of men to guard the lower passes, 377
relative to the behaviour of certain tories, 396
HOOPER, WILLIAM; Letter from and Joseph Hewes, relative
to a vessel sent by Gov. Martin to Gen. Gage, to obtain
powder, 21
HOPKINS, ROSWELL ; Letters from,
relative to the arrest of John Wooley for supplying provisions
to the enemy, 215
recommending the appointment of John Budd as ensign 374
HOPKINS, WILLIAM; Letter from, asking a commission for
Jacob Totlen, 301
HORNBECK, JACOB ; Letters from,
asking supply of salt for the inhabitants of Rochester, 316
relative to drafts for militia pursuant to a resolve of the Con-
vention, 444
ordering Sergeant Oosterhout to arrest certain prisoners, 448
enclosing complaints against two tories at Papakonk, 477
HOSMER, TITUS ; Letter from, on the subject of post-offices, . . 52
HOTHAM, CHARLES; Letters from to Capt. Sinclair, relative
to application for leave to said Sinclair to go to America, 97, 98
HOWE, LORD, AND GEN. WILLIAM ;
proclamation of to colonies, offering pardon to all who will re-
turn to their allegiance to Great Britain, 287, 290
direclins: the enlistment of a battalion of loyal volunteers,. 486, 493
HOWELL, HEZEKIAH ; Letter from, recommending Jonas Bel-
lows as second lieutenant in place of Stephen Howell, 72
HOWELL, STEPHEN ; Letter from, resigning his lieutenanlcy, 72
HUGHES, JAMES M. ; Letter from,
(See Willett, Marinus )
HUGHES, HUGH; Letters from,
enclosing return of certain stock, 212
complaining of the conduct of two Albany skippers, 220
smiling two salmon to the Convention, 425
relative to exempting the workmen at Stirling iron works from
military duly 431
nsking a supply of duck for the army, 471
HULUUT, JOHN; Letters from,
asking a supply of arms for his company, 80
certifying to the honesty of Capt. Cooper, 184
(ieclining to serve and recommending Benjamin Marvin in his
place, 249
HUMFREY. WILLIAM; Letter from, relative to the conduct
of his officers ia refusing to serve, 493
HUMFREY, CORNELIUS ; Letter from, certifying the deser-
tion of Capt. Israel Vail, 421
HUNTER, JOHN ; Letter from, relative to linen manufactory at
King's Bridge, 219
HUNTINGTON, EBEN ; Letters from,
ordering the arrest of certain soldiers for plundering, 314
relative to delivering Capt. Ford his sword, 393
HUNTINGTON ; Letters from committee of,
{See Suffolk County.)
HURLEY ; Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
I.
IMLAY, JOHN ; Letter from, stating that his health will not per-
mit him to attend the Committee of Safety 194
INCOG. ; Letter so signed, 61
INDEPENDENCE ; Resolves of Virginia Convention in favor of, 206
Declaration of, 235
Declaration, certified copy of, with names of signers, 389
INDIANS, MOHAWK; Letters and speeches of,
relative to Guy Johnson, 33
speech of, to the magistrates of Albany and Schenectady, 47
reply to said speech, 47
second speech of same to same, 47
reply to second speech, 47
INDIANS, SIX NATIONS; Proceedings of Albany committee,
relative to speeches of chiefs of, and replies to the same, 56 — 59
INDIANS; Letter from, to Henry Wisner for gunpowder, 300
address of, to officers at Otsego lake, 340
answer of Tuscaroras and others to the Council at Kingston,.. . 419
speech of, to Jacob Hornbeck, declaring determination to re-
main neutral, 423
draft of letter to, relative to the difficulties with Great Britain,. 483
INFORMATION in form of a blank deposition relative to fortifi-
cations in New-York city, 421
extract of letter stating the bad condition of the garrison at Fort
Ticonderoga, 430
INGLIS, MARGARET ; Letter from, asking permission to re-
turn to New- York, 233
INGLIS, CHARLES ; Letter from, asking permission for his fa-
mily to return to New- York, 249
INTERCEPTED LETTERS ;
(See pages 157—167.)
J.
JACKSON, MICHAEL ; Letters from,
(See Everett, Daniel.)
enclosing deposition relative to a certain plot, 420
JACOBSON, CHRISTIAN ; Letters from,
recommending the appointment of John Decker as ensign, 113
relative to persons apprehended by Col. Herd, .... 121
and others, certifying the election of Adrian Bancker and Rich-
ard Lawrence to Congress, from Richmond county, 140
relative to conduct of William Dunn, 145
enclosing proceedings of Richmond county committee, relative to
said Dunn, 145
enclosing return of field officers, 148
communicating proceedings of trial of certain tories, 176
stating the readiness of the Richmond county committee to quar-
ter Lord Stirling's troops, 188
requesting two hundred pounds of powder, 240
JAMAICA ; Letters from committee of,
(See Queens County.)
JANSEN, DIRCK; Letter from, asking relative to the disposi-
tion of certain persons who have delivered themselves up,. 447
JAUNCEY, JAMES, Jr. ; Letter from, asking to be relieved from
confinement and permitted to return home, 233
JAY, JOHN, Delegate in Continental Congress; Letters from,
(See Congress, Continental.)
enclosing resolutions of Congress relative to the island of Ber-
muda, 25
recommending the apprehension of Robert Sutton, 110
asking information concerning a certain act of Gov. Tryon, .... 115
to Robert Harpur, 176
JAY, FREDERICK ; Letters from,
asking that Capt. Townsend's company may be ordered back to
Whiteplains, 289
askins; relief for the poor people at Rumbout precinct, 472
JENKINS, MARTH.\; Letter from, to her son, 166
JENKINS, RICHARD ; Information of, relative to the condition
of Quebec, 437
JOHNSON, JOSEPH; Letter from relative to his conduct, 70
JOHNSON, Sir JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to movements in his vicinity, 73
relative to supply of cash to the Indians, 73
JOHNSON, M ; Letter from, asking permission to proceed to
New-York, 256
JOHNSON, JOHANNIS; Letter from, enclosing recruiting or-
ders of Gen. Howe, 262
JOHNSON, THOMAS, Jr. ; Letters from,
and Samuel Chase and William Pnca, relative to the character
of George Nicholson, is
requesting loan of cannon, 100
JOHNSON, JOHN; Letter from,
(See Weissenfels, Frederick.)
532
INDEX.
PAGE.
256
JOHNSON, GUY; Letters from,
relative to his conduct, 3] 34
complaining of being compelled to fortify his house to protect '
himself from capture,
letter of Congress to, relative to bis conduct towards the Indians,
JOHNSON, Capt. JOHN ; Letter from, asking an appointment as
paymaster,
JOHNSON, THOMAS ; Letter from, to his brother, on board the
British ship Chatham, j63
JOHNSON, CORNELIUS, Jr.; Letter from, relative to'anVn-
ventory of goods belonging to tories who have gone to ihe
enemy, 4O6
JOHNSTON, WILLIAM ; Letter from, relative to an apprehend-
ed attack from the Indians, 219
JONES, SAMUEL ; Letters from,
{See Everett, David.)
and others recommending Israel Wells as Major, 128
JONES, JOHN ; Letters from,
and others certifying qualifications of George Graham as sur-
geon's mate, j _
certifying: qualifications of William Adams as surgeon, 313
resigning an appointment from the Legislature, 440
enclosing letter from Cadwallader Colden, praying to be set at
large on his parol, 515
JONES, PEARSON; Letters from,
to Gen. Washington giving information of the intention of the
British forces, 3
informing of attack on Falmouth, &c
JOURNEY, JOHN; Letter from,
(Sec Micheau, Paul.)
FAOg.
K.
KA.ZEN, MOSES ; Letter from, informing of the arrest and char-
ges against Lt. John Hamtramck, 423
tENNEDY, DENNIS ; Letter from, relative to the conduct of
Peter Come, 443
KENT, JACOB; Letter from, asking blank commissions for
Gloucester county, 200
tETCHAM, ISAAC ; Letter from, asking to be discharged from
imprisonment, 201
tETTELTAS, ABRAHAM ; Letter from, and others, relative to
the removal of stock from Long Island, 310
KIERS, E. W. ; Letters from, asking two sets of warrants for the
companies at Haverstraw, 125 126
IQNGS COUNTY; Letters of committees in, informing Gen!
Washington of the discovery of a villanous plot against the
liberties of the country, 116
iQNGSTON ; Letters from committee of,
{See Ulster County.)
KINGSTREET ; Letters from committee of,
{See Westchester County.)
KINNIE, STEPHEN ; Letter from, accompanying four prisoners
from Claverack district, 443
KIP, JAMES H. ; Letter from, relative to certain tea seized at
New-Windsor, 506
KNOX, HENRY ; Letter from, urging an immediate supply of
bombshells to the camp at Cambridge, 24
KORTZ, JOHN Ja ; Letter from and Barent Weager, praying
the release of Andrew Young from prison, 506
KOWTENSBURGH, DUCHESS OF ; Letter to Provincial Con-
gress relative to, 21
L A BOYTEAUX, JOHN ; Letter from,
(See Stoughtenburgh, Isaac.)
LA MB, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to the artillery company under his command, 32
asking information respecting a supply of clothing, 39
recommending Isaiah Wool as fire worker, 39
tendering his services in the cause of his country, 41
declining the appointment given him in the artillery, 44
recommending Martin Johnson as second lieutenant in the artil-
lery company, 45
relative to the pay of his company, 66
and Garrit Roorback, relative to the clearing of barracks, 74
LA,NDON, JONATHAN; Letters from,
relative to exploration of a lead mine, 349
recommending the adoption of measures to prevent the perpe-
tration of certain villanies, 388
I/ANGDON, JOHN ; Receipt of, covering certain guns, &c 80
JJ\ NSING, JACOB, Jr. ; Letters from,
enclosing draft for two hundred pounds in behalf of the Albany
committee, 88
relative to efforts in Albany county to depreciate the paper cur-
nney, 395
LANSING, JOHN, Jr.; Letters from,
declining a commission, 248
enclosing letter from Col. Ashley relative to an attempt of the
Indians to capture certain wagons at Stoney Hill, 512
LASHER, JOHN ; Letter from, recommending Benjamin and
John Gilbert as subalterns 407
LAURANCE, JOHN; Letter from, relative to the appointment of
a commissioner to take charge of the money received from
the sale of certain prize goods in New-Jersey, 445
LAWRENCE, JACOB ; Letter from, asking pay for his services, 111
LAWRENCE, RICHARD ; Letter from,
T A wi}i.'Airir^*T?*'!?','^r'!f J^an'^l'er, Adrian.;
LAWRENCE, DAMEL ; Letter from, informing of the forward-
ing of powder, , .
LAWRENCE JONATHAN; Letter f;;mV;;x;mpanying John
Moore. Jr. a prisoner from New Town, ^ ^ , ,f,
LAWRENCE, AUGUSTIN; Letters from,
and Samuel Tuder, transmitting a certain order to the Convcn-
\lOt\f 0\A
asking advice concerning the launching o/' tiieVrigates* 337
invitmg the members ol the Convention to attend the launching
of the frigates, *
LAWRENCE ANDREW T.; Ce;iifi;aie';on;;;ning,'fr'om Da-
niel Terbos and others,
LAWRENCE, JOHN; Letters from,
relative to the sale of a sloop brought from Long island, . . 363 364
T VK wV^ M * resignation of the office of paymaster. ...... '43]
York ; Letter from, requesting permission to go to New-
LEARNED, EBEN i'LeiteV from, ■enclosing accountof a skimVsh
at I'ort Edward, e.^
tlD?Ii^;:S^Ui{l^'^i;^r^ ^ P»V Vor i^^sVe^Vice,: ! 126
recommending Theodosius Fowler as lieutenant, . . 332
recommending a certain French gentleman as surgeon, . , .",*.' ' ' 374
T vr"? L'To^r Vi' '" .""^^ft-nent from Col. Livingston,. . . .'452
LEE, CHARLES ; Letters from,
informing that the Ministerial army will probably leave Bos-
343
69
ton, ,
120
asking a supply of beds, ...........".'.*.'.'.'." 122
stating his want of money, 124
stating the allowance of rum to troops on fatigue,. 126
relative to the seizure of certain boats by the British shipV,. . . 126
requiring bonds. &c. from the Connecticut teamsters, .' 127
relative to shutting up the port, ' ' ]2S
relative lo sending a whale boat to the hook, 130
asking for a commissary of artillery stores, and a company of
artificers, ' J32
relative to his introducing Connecticut troops into the city of
New-York, ' 239
containing instructions to Col. Sears .....*.'..'.",' 148
appointing a court martial, 172
LEEK, PHILIP ; Letter from, enclosing list of articles purchat-
ed as commissary, 3gg
LENT, ABRAHAM; Letters from,
stating that his men will not go into service without their own
officers, J52
resigning his commission, .'.*." 175
enclosing return of his regiment, 179
LEWIS, FRANCIS; Letters from,
(See Congress, Continental.)
relative to certain purchases, I8I
and Phil. Livingston, urging the filling of the vacancies in Con-
tinental Congress, 232
returning thanks for his permit to visit New York, 247
directing the captain of the ship Montgomery where to apply
for money, 340
relative to launching the frigates in Hudson's river, 340
urging a full representation from New-York in Continental Con-
gress, 358
relative to the same, and the prizes of the sloop Montgomery,. . 378
relative to clothing the army, and enclosing resolve of Congress, 385
relative to the sale of the prizes taken by the sloop Montgo-
mery, 396
relative to supply of salt, brigantine taken by Capt. Rogers, &c. 424
enclosing receipt of Capt. Tuder, for money for the use of the
frigates, 425
relative to the treatment of his family by the enemy, 466
to Capt. Grenell, informing him of his appointment to the com-
mand of the ship Congress, 504
acknowledging the receipt of a letter from Capt. Grenell, 504
L'HOMMEDIEU, EZRA; Letters from,
enclosing return of officers in his battalion, . . 244
relative to fitting out a certain sloop for Long Island 358
LIFFINGWELL, CHRISTOPHER ; Letter from informing of
the attack upon Bunker's Hill, 75
LINDSAY, BENJAMIN; Letters from,
relative to supplies of flour, &c 60
relative to shipment of flour, 75
LINDSAY, GEORGE ; Letter from, informing of his having
found a grindstone quarry, 414
LIVINGSTON, HENRY, Jr ; Letter from,
asking a supply of drums for Col. Clinton's regiment, and in-
forming respecting Dr. Samuel Cooke, 44
asking for guns, tents, &c. for Col. Clinton, 77
and Theodorus Van Wyck asking the determination of the Coun-
cil of Safety, relative to the property of Thomas Fisher,.. . 470
LIVINGSTON, JOHN R. ; Letter from, asking a supply of salt-
petre for his powder mill 133
LIVINGSTON, PETER R. ; Letters from,
excusing his non-attendance as a member of the Committee of
Safety 141
relative to a supply of flour, 233
asking information concerning the army, 252
recommending the appointment of Lieut. Samuel I. Ten Broeck, 318
relative to a supply of flour,,. 343
INDEX.
533
LIVINGSTON, PETER R. ; Letters from,
asking $100,000 from Coniinenlal Congress for the State of
New- York 35O
relative to procuring a supply of salt from Connecticut, 498
LIVINGSTON, ROBEKT R. Jn. ■ Letters from,
{See Congress, Continental.)
relative to manufacture of powder, 35^ 36 45
acknowledging the receipt of a letter of condolence upon the
death of his father, ]28
relative to the casting of large cannon and shot, I34
relative to movements of the northern army 233
recommending adoption of measures relative to disposition of
property, &c 352
defending himself from the charge of having sold bar iron at an
enormous price, 355
giving reasons for not being able to cast cannon at his furnace . 361
relative to a supply of iron, 3g2
relative to the manufacture of gun flints, 362
asking information relative to the result of certain firin"-, 438
and others, asking a reinforcement to guard the prisoners, 472
relative to insurgents upon Livingston's maoor, 475
LIVINGSTON, WALTER ; Letters from,
relative to supplies for Gen. Schuyler's army, 27
relative to supply of beef and flour, 36
covering a copy of his commission as Commissary-General, 39
relative to the repairs of sundry muskets, 81
informing of the illness of Gen. Schuyler, 85
asking a supply of pork for the army in Canada, 168
vindicating himself from the charge of neglect of duty, 171
LIVINGSTON, HENRY B. ; Letters from,
accepting a captain's commission, 28
relative to supplier for his troops, and his appointment as major, 38
covering a list of his men, 75
relative to supplies for his regiment, 145
relative to employ of armourer at Fort Constitution, 146
recommending Capt. Childs, 200
announcing ihe letreal from Long Island, 225
stating that he is on an expedition to Fort Constitution, by order
of Gen. Washington 247
enclosing parols of certain disaffected persons from Long Island, 349
urging an immediate supply of clothing for his regiment, 351
relative to the refusal of Mr. Sands to pass certain receipts taken
from his ofHcers in settling his accounts, 356
enclosing several papers relative to his treatment in regard to
prizes taken on Long Island, 364
recommending the filling of vacancies in his regiment, 374
communicating information received from a prisoner relative to
certain arms taken by the tories 40I
relative to arms furnished Gov. Trumbull, 401
in favor of the appointment of Mr. Renicaas lieutenant colonel, 402
asking Gov. Trumbull to return certain arms loaned to him,. . . . 403
containing memorandum of things wanted by him, 406
enclosing resolve of Continental Congress relative to his rank,. . 412
asking commissions for certain officers appointed by him, 414
recommending certain officers to his regiment, 459
defending himself against the charge of having ill treated Capt.
Sacket, 515
LIVINGSTON, PETER V. B. ; Letters from,
enclosing letter relative to the Duchess of Kowtensburgh, 21
in the French language to the inhabitants of the province of
Quebec, 40, 41
enclosing resolve of Provincial Congress relative to the forma-
tion of county committees, 42
asking that a Treasurer may be appointed in his stead, 44
and others relative to supply of men for the fortifications in the
Highlands, 93
relative to a supply of provisions for one thousand men, 93
LIVINGSTON, WILLIAM S. ; Letter from,
{See Livingston, Henry G.)
LIVINGSTON, HENRY G. ; Letter from, and AVilliam S. Living-
ton, recommending the appointment of Arondt Van Hook
as captain, 136
LIVINGSTON, ABRAHAM ; Letters from,
relative to his contract, 109
asking passports for his drivers, 148
announcing his deputation as commissary, 152
stating his readiness to resign his office, 178
relative to a supply of provisions for the troops, 187
complaining of certain grievances 187
informing of a certain correspondence with the cnerny 206
LIVINGSTON, PHILIP I.; Letter from, asking permission for
the removal of liis family to New-Nork, 248
LIVINGSTON, PHILIP; Letter from, relative to the employ-
ment of certain blacksmiths in obstructing Hudson's river,. 494
LIVINGSTON, JOHN W.; Letter from, asking to be discharged
from prison 201
LIVINGSTON, JOHN, Jk.; Mittimus for, 205
furlough for, 205
LIVINGSTON, GILBRRT; Letters from,
enclosing the muster roll of certain companies, ISO
askins for a copy of a muster roll, 189
relative to the chain across Hudson's river, 219
LIVINGSTON, WILLIAM; Letter from, transmitting informa-
tion received from a spy, 293
LIVINGSTON, ROBERT G. ; Letter from, informing of the re-
fusal of Mr. Rutgers to receive Continental money, 296
[Vol. 11.] 134
LIVINGSTON, JAMES ; Letter from and others, recommending'^^*^'
Capt. John Hamtramck, ogi
LIVINGSTON'S MANOR ; Letters from committee of,
{See Dutchess County.)
LLOYD, JOHN; Letters from,
asking information relative to affairs mentioned in a former let-
ter to Air. Hobart, jjs,
relative to certain counterfeiters of the Continental money, ... 213
LLOYD, JOHN, Jr ; Letter from, asking leave to sell certain
stock,
LOCZWOOD, ELIPHALET ; Letter from,
(See Gruman, Samuel.)
LOCKWOOD, EBENEZER; Letter from, giving information of
an attempt to remove certain stock from Stamford, 333
LODERS, ABRAHAM ; Letter from, representing the disagreea-
ble situation of a part of his regiment, and asking permis-
sion to raise a company to relieve them from a part of their
present duties, 296
LORD, HUGH ; Letter from, relative to movements of the Indians ~
at Fort Gage jg,)
LORD, LYNDE ; Letter from, accompanying Gilbert Ford, apri"-
soner, 4^4
LOTT, ABRAHAM P. ; Letters from,
relative to supplying the Rrilish ships of war with provisions,
, ^'^ • 28,29
relative to provisions for the ship Mercury, 193
sending certain supplies to Congress, 250
excusing his delay in transmitting his account to the Conven-
t'on» 323
relative to difficulty in procuring a supply of salt, 355
relative to procuring a supply of salt, 438, 459, 461, 496, 497
relative to the opinion of the people of Boston respecting Gen.
Schuyler's conduct in abandoning Ticonderoea, 508
LOUDON, SAMUEL ; Letters from,
relative to printing a farther supply of Continental money, 283
asking a list of the members of the Convention, 362, 482
informing of the despatch of an express, 387
relative to certain information published in his paper, 445
relative to the delivery of copies of the constitution and ordi-
nance for organizing the government, 44s
relative to the purchase of types, 462
complaining of certain criticisms on his paper, 481
LOW, NICHOLAS ; Letter from, relative to certain cannon sent
for the use of the Colony, 91
LUDENTON, HENRY ; Letters from,
asking an immediate supply of commissions for his regiment,. . 301
and others, complaining of the outrageous conduct of certain
jockeys in monopolizing bread, 355
LUSH, STEPHEN ; Letter from, enclosing a letter of Gen. Wash-
ington, sent by mistake, 496
in.
McCARTY, DAVID; Letter from, enclosing an account of charges
asainst Ephraim P. Bogardus and Patrick Callahan, 305
McCLAUGHRY, JAMES; Letter from, appointing a place of
rendezvous, 138
McCORD, JOHN ; Letter from, relative to the operations of the
British army, 46
McDERMOTT, WILLIAM; Letter from,
to John Kelly, giving an account of his condition on board the
Asia, .' 167
parol of, 307
McDonald, ANGUS ; Letters from,
intercepted, 35
complaining of his treatment as prisoner, 52, 76
McDonald, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to the lead mines in Ulster county,. 86
relative to working the same, 210
McDonald, LEWIS; Letters from,
relative to the poor removed from New-York to Bedford, 339
enclosing certain resolves of the Westchester county committee, 359
McDonald, RODERIC ; Examination of before the Pennsylva-
nia Committee of Safety, 6
letter from, askinir support while a prisoner, 67
McDOUGALL, ALEXANDER ; Letters from,
giving orders to Col. John Lasher relative to hunting in Queens
county 83
to Mr. Roorback, 186
urging the necessity of sending troops to protect the passes near
Orangetown, 315
informing of a disallection among the Hessian troops, 380
recommending Samuel Young as an officer of the navy, 391
granting permission to Peter Corncy and others to go to New-
York, 416
urging the adoption of measures for raising militia to defend the
forts in the Highlands, 425
enclosing information received from three deserters relative to
the contemplated movements of the enemy, 427
relative to twenty-two sail of vessels below Fort Washington,. . 427
relative to determination of Gen Putnam to imprison all disaf-
fected persons • 470
relative (o resolve of Congress respecting the recruiting service
in the middle Colonies 482
McKES.SON, JOHN ; Letters from,
recommending the appointment as officers of Alexander McAr-
thur and John J. Myers, '-JS^
534
INDEX.
McKESSON, JOrtN ; Letter from, giving an account of the ope-
rations in JVew-Yorlt oily, &c 298
McMASTEN, JAMES; Letter from,
((See Schuyler, William.)
McMENNOMY, ELIZA ; Letter from, asking for aid, 374
MALCOM, W. ; J.etters from,
expressing liis fears that he will be unable to return to New-
York city, 228
relative to the conduct of Capt. Steenrod's men 252
covering certificate of William Jones as surgeon, 313
MALLETT, J. ; Letter from, relative to obtaining medicines from
the King's store, 65
MAMACOTTING ; Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
MANCHESTER; Letters from committee of,
(See Charlotte County.)
MARBLETOWN ; Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster Couniy.)
MARSH, SILAS; Letter from, informing of the repentance of
Josiali Morse and Joel ilarvey, Jr 94
MARSH, WILLIAM ; Letter from, and Samuel Rose, asking the
action of Congress to protect the courts from being broken
up by mobs, 69
MARTIN, JOSEPH; Intercepted letter from, to Henry White,
relative to Mrs. Martin, the royal standard,&c 24
MARVIN, SETH ; Letter from, asking that warrants for his offi-
cers may be sent to him speedily, ... J69
MARVIN, KLIHU ; Leitcrs from,
recommending certain ollicer.'i for the service, J31
approving of the site selected for a powder mill, 167
asking for the .i'200 allowed to members of Congress, 168
recommending certain officers, 168
certifying to the characters of J. Clarke and William Roe, 172
asking for commissions, 181
informing concerning counterfeiters of Continental money, 213
, concerning tlie prisoners confined at Goshen, 433
setting forth the hardships of the families of those ordered into
service unless a bounty is allowed 447
MARVIN, BENJAMIN ; Letter from, requesting captain's pay,. 391
MASSACHUSETTS BAY; Resolves of Legislature of, forbid-
ding the exportation of certain articles needed for the army, 370
act of, to prevent monopoly and oppression, by fixing prices lor
certain goods, 517
letter from president of, relative to paper money, 017
MATTHEWS, D. ; Letters from,
complaining of unjust aspersions on his character, 112
asking permit for F. Dash wood and others, 179
complaining of his treatment as prisoner, 223
to his wife, relative to his condition as prisoner, 274
complaining bitterly of his treatment, 275, 280
asking to be heard before Consress, 309
MATTHEWS, JOEL; Letter 7rom, enclosing resolves of the
committees of Gloucester and Cumberland counties, in fa-
vour of the appointment of Jacob Bayley as brigadier ge-
neral and Simon Stephens as brigade major, 201
MEASAM, GEORGE; Letter from, covering resolves of Conti-
nental Congress relative to liis duties as commissary of
clothing, 39-1
MEASE, JAMES ; Letter from, relative to the clothing sent to the
army at Morristown, 407
MECHANICS; Address of to the f)elegates in Congress, 241
MEEKS, .lOHN; Letter from, soliciting an appointment, 60
MELCHIOR, Mr. ; Letter from, giving an account of a skirmish
with the ministerial troops, 186
MEYER, ADOLPHUS ; Deposition of, relative to the treatment
of prisoners by the British army, 412
MICHEAU, PAUL ; Letters from,
and John Journey and others, notifying Congress of their elec-
tion as Deputies from Richmond county, 31
relative to certain proceedings in Richmond county, 93
informing that his health will not permit him to attend Congress, 111
MIDDLEBROOKS, HEZEKIAH ; Letter from, giving an ac-
count of the movements of the enemy near Ballston, 471
iillLLER, BURNETT; Letters from,
asking that troops may be stationed at Montauck 70
informing of a fleet having been seen off Block Island, 173
MILLER, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
iiiformins of the conduct of the Messrs. Travis, at Whiteplains,, 95
relative to the discovery of a conspiracy on Cortlandt's Manor,. 265
relative to measures required to defeat conspiracies against the
United States, 269
asking that the resolution of Convention relative to the appre-
hension of tories may be transmitted to him, 295
informing of the taking of certain records by Mr. Thomas, and
asking about the duties of executors. 333
MILLS, NATHANIEL; Letter from, and others, tories of
Queens county, complaining of having been disarmed, 169
MILLS, HOPE ; E.xamination of, relative to the confinement of
Thomas Wooley, in the jail of Queens county, 113
MOFFATT, THOMAS; Letters from,
enclosing the minutes of the proceedings of Cornwall committee
against Capt. Phineas Ramsey, 55
asking commissions for the officers of Cornwall precinct, 98
enclosing evidence of a plot asainst the United Colonies, 108
requesting commissions for the officers of the militia, 176
16.5
MOFFATT, THOMAS; Letters from,
announcing the delivery of a certain letter on board the enemy's
ship at Veri)lanck'b point, to Messrs. English, Livingston
and Moore, ° _ ° 247
cnclo.'^ing a list of the officers in Col. Nicoli's rVziment •«()
MOHAWK INDIANS; "s regiment, JH)
(See Indians.)
MOLLOWNY, CATHARINE; Letter from, to her husband at
lioston,
MONGER, JAMES; Examination of, as a money niaker' before
the Kingston cominiltee, jj-
IJ!5'19^'^'^' l^i'^MUEL; i;xamination of, as a money mVker ic' ' 115
MONTGOMERY, RICHARD; Letters from, - '
relative to certain supplies and the treatment of British officers 'I
asking a supply of powder, '
MOORE, JOHN ; Letter from, asking permission for* his" famVly
to accompany him to New-York, 248
MORE JOHN ; Evidence of, relative'to certain plots against the
Whigs of Mamaoiting precinct, 437
MORE, GRANT ; Letter from, threatening a visit from a party of
the enemy ' ^j^^
MORGAN, JOHN ; Letter from, asking the use'of a certain stock
of medicines, o-iy
MORRLS, LEWI.S; Letters from,
(See Congress, Continental.^
relative to the dismissal of portions of the militia,.. 281
giving reasons lor not having submitted certain matters to ihe
Continental Congress,
excusing his delay in attending the Continental Congress '. . 4'i-i
MORRIS, GOUVER.\EUR; Letters from,
excusing the delay of Abraham P. Lett, in making out his ac-
count, 393
enclosing several affidavits relative to the treatment of prisoners
by the British army, ^jy
asking an advance from the treasury for his services' in Con-
'iress, 4^-
relative to the destruction of Fort George and retreat of the ar-
my lo Fort Anne, jq;^
relative to the condition of the northern army
MORRIS, JACOB; Letters from,
accepting his appointment as major, 394
declining to receive the commission conferred upon him, 399
MORRISON, MALCOM; Letter from, resigning his commission
in favor of Henry Ludineton, 254
MORSE, JOSIAH ; Letter from, and Joel Harvey, Jr. relative to
their determination to serve their country, 94
MOREY, JOSEPH ; Letter from, and Samuel Waring, certifying
the choice of officers in New Marlborough, 59
MOTT, GERSHOM ; Letter from,
(See Weissenfels, Frederick.)
MULFORD, DAVID : Letter from, appointing a place of ren-
dezvous for his regiment, 32
MURDITH, RANDLE; Letter from, relative to movements in
Montreal, 45
MURRY, SIMPSON' & Co.; Letter from, relative to 'receiving
Continental money for goods, 252
rv.
NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES; Pay list of officers and
men of, 4(^5
NEIL, JAMES ; Examination of, before the Pennsylvania com-
mittee of safety, g
NEWBURGH ; Letters from committee of,
(See Oranee County.)
NEW-PALTZ; Letters from the committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
NEW-ROCHELLE ; Letters from committee of,
(See Westchester County.)
NEWTOWN ; Letters from committee of,
(See Queens County.)
NEW- WINDSOR; Letters from committee of,
(See Orange County.)
NEWSPAPERS : Extracts from,
Rivington's paper containing Lord North's speech, 479
New-York Packet, debate on Lord Chatham's motion relative to
war with America, 439
do. containing articles of capitulation of Burgoyne's army, 491
New-York Journal and General Advertiser, containing the draft
of a bill before Parliament to empower His Majesty lo se-
cure and punish persons charged with high treason 517
NEW-YORK CITY ; Letters of committees of,
nominating officers to the second independent battalion. 96
relative to conduct of Margaret Beck in conveying provisions 011
board the men of war, 112
inquiring in what manner certain houses in said city are to be
cleansed, 114
requesting that Hampden Hall may be cleared of certain utensils
left in it which were used for the continental troops, 146
asking a sight at the minute book of the Provincial Congress,. . 202
recommending William Leary as major, 203
praying the passage ol a resolve of Congress forbidding persons
choosing gold or silver in preference to continental money,. 203
relative to certain persons refusing to sign, the n£w,.association.. 23!'
INDEX.
535
NEW-YORK CITY ; Letters of committee of,
requesting to be relieved from various duties imposed upon them
by Convention, 289
informing of arrest and commitment of a band of tories, 294
enclosing bonds of Messrs- Sarland and Fleet for good behaviour, 299
MCHOLL, JOHN; Letters from,
asking to have Mr. Loudon's paper sent to him, 383
requesting his brother to return liome and receive certain pro-
perty, 392
relative to the resolve empowering captains to fine men for re-
fusing to march 499
NICHOLSON, GEORGE; Letter from Thomas Johnson, jr. and
others, relative to the character of, 18
letter from, asking for recommendatory letters 84
NICHOLSON, JOHN; Letter from, informing that his company
is ready for service, 53
MCOLL, ISAAC ; Letters from,
asking that certain commissions for Goshen may be immediately
sent to him, 99
slating that his miniUe men will not work without pay, 131
relative to certain commissions, 143
stating his want of a commissary, 151
with vouchers relative to a court martial, 172
relative to state of his regiment 162
relative to the purchase of certain supplies, 172
asking further supplies for the army and garrisons, 174, 181
relative to certain military movements, 222
staling that Gen. Lee, has been taken prisoner, 247
requesting a supply of provisions, powder, ball, &c 295
recommending Dr. Henry White as surgeon to his regiment, . . . 298
acknowleding the receipt of letters from Convention, 331
asking permisson to secure certain goods belonging to disaflfected
persons,
334
.NORTH, LORD; Speech of, before Parliament, relative to the
difficulties with America, 479
NORTHEAST ; Letters from committee of,
(See Dutchess County.)
NORTON, ISAAC ; Letter from, and John Quick, certifying that
Cornelius Steenrod has taken the oath of allegiance, 464
N'ORWALK ; Letters from committee of,
{Sec Orange County.)
NORWOOD, TOBIAS; Letter from, to Mrs. Brasher, 166
NORWOOD, RICHARD: Letter from, concerning the valuation
of certain arms, 189
o.
OAK-LEY', STEPHEN; Receipt of, given to Capt. Ford, 330
ODELL, JACOB ; Letter from, informing of his sickness, 233
OFFICERS appointed by Congress 1
OGDEN. LEWIS; Letter from, acknowledging the receipt of an
order of Congress, 108
OGDEN, MOSES; Letter from, requesting one hundred pounds
towards payment for shot, 151
(y'GDEN, ROBERT ; Letter from, relative to the confinement of
Richmond counly tories 125
ONDERDOXCK, ANDREW; Letter from, enclosing list of field
officers at Cow Neck and Great Neck, 239
ON' DER DONCK, ADRIAN ; Letter from certifying election of mi-
litia officers at Cow Neck and Great Neck 239
OOSTRANDER, HUYBERT ; Letter from, relative to purchase
of arms, pursuant to a resolve of Congress, 267
OOTHOL'DT, HENRY; Letter from, and Anthony Van Bergen,
relative to a piece of clothing, 229
()R.\NGE COUNTY; Letters of committees in,
i)f chairman of several committees in, asking information rela-
tive to a resolve of Congress, 50
of Goshen, recommending George H. Jackson as lieutenant in
Captain Denton's company, 54
furnishing evidence against Capt. Phineas Ramsey, 55
(if Cornwall, recommending appointment of Jonas Bellows as
2d lieutenant, 72
of Crangetown, to fix a day for election of deputies to Congress,
of Newburah for the payment of certain expense? in apprehend-
ing tories 07
ijf Cornwall, for commissions for Capt. Person and officers 08
returning the warrants for raising men, with reasons for not
complyins: with resolve of Congress, 126
of Haverstraw, enclosing list of the names of field officers for
battalion in tluit precinct, 128
recommending certain officers for the array 129, 131
recommending proper persons to superintend the building of a
powder mill, 167
:tsking payment of X200 allowed to the deputiesin Congress,. . . 168
recommending certain persons for officers in the troops to be
raised in said county, 168
of Bloominggrovc requesting commissions for the militia, 176
lecommending Cornelius llasbrouck as first lieutenant, 176
of Goshen, recommending certain persons to fill the vacancies in
the regiments of Goshen, &c 177
urging sjieedy transmission of commissions, &c 181
of New-Windsor and Newliure, requeslmg an immediate supply
of lead nnil jiowder for militia of said towns, 196
enclosing examination of certain persons accused of altering the
Conlinenl.Tl money, 213
•<?lative to capture of a vessel going below the Highlands, hav-
ing a fiag of truce, 235
PAGE.
ORANGE COUNTY; Letters of committees in,
relative to apprehended attempt to assassinate Gen. Washington
and destroy the magazine, 239
of Walkill, in relation to Henry Wisner's powder mill, 302, 322
of Newburs, relative to refusal of certain persons to sell their
crops of wheat, 409
of Goshen, enclosing deposition of one Moore relative to a plot
against the liberties of the country, 420
of Goshen, concerning the prisoners confined at that place,.... 433
of Newburg, ordering the arrest of Elnrvthan Foster, 444
stating the hardships of the families of those ordered out into
the service unless a bounty is allowed, 447
of Newburg, stating the charges against EInathan Foster, 453
for payment of damages done by the Continental troops, 477
ORANGETO WN ; Letters from committee of,
(Sec Orange County.)
ORDERS; General, 395
OTIS, JONATHAN ; Letter from relative to certain persons af-
flicted with the small pox, 51
CUTWATER, THOMAS; Letters from,
relative to the election of deputies in Orange county, 95
asking for an immediate settlement of the accounts of the Orange
county committee with the convention, 316
OWEN, JONATHAN ; Letter from, and others, asking the rea-
son for the ill-treatment of the prisoners in Albany jail 469
0YSTP:RBAY ; Letters from committee of,
(See Queens County.)
P.
PACA, WILLIAM ; Letter from and others, relative to the cha-
racter of George Nicholson, 18
PAINE, ROBERT TREAT ; Letter from, on the subject of salt-
petre, &c 170
PAINE, SAMUEL; Letter from, enclosing return of his men, and
asking a supply of clothing, 500
PALATINE ; Letters from committee of,
(See Tryon Counly.)
PALFREY, WILLIAM ; Letter from, to Col. Nicoll, ordering the
ai i'w-t of Ensign Goodgion, 172
PALMER, THOMAS; Letters from,
relative to his lead mine, 8
and others, recommending the appointment of certain officers,. . 118
covering the association of a committee for raising troops, 129
relative to rescinding a certain resolution respecting minute cap-
tains, 137
recommending Cornelius Hasbrouck as first lieutenant, 176
asking for money, 187
enclosing a certain map, 188
relative to Fort Constitution, 191
relative to the conduct of the tories in Newburgh, removal of
stores, &c 409
PALMER, GEOiiGE; Letter from, enclosing a blank deposition
relative to the designs of the enemy, 471
PARES, ISAAC; Lelter'from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.)
PARIS, ISAAC ; Letters from,
asking a loan of five hundred pounds for Tryon counly commit-
tee, " 129
stating thai each of the Tryon county deputies may represent
that county in Congress, 142
informing of the commitment of Capt. John Winn for murder,. 213
informing of having ad ministered the oaths of office to the offi-
cers of Tryon county, 443
siving reasons for the delay in the appointment of civil officers
in Tryon (ounty 473
relative to a body of tories collected nt Johnstown, 474
PARKE, JOHN ; Letter from, informing relative to the conduct of
Jacob Tyler, llf)
PARKER; HYDE, Jn. ; Letters from,
(See Ship Sally, letters and papers taken from )
PATCHIN, ISAAC; Letter from, relative to the outrages com-
mitted by Brandt and his Indians, and asking for protec-
tion 509
PATERSON, WII LIAM ; Letter from, enclosing resolves of the
New Jersey Congress relative to the trade of New-Jersey,. 135
P.\TRICK, S. ; Letter from, offering to cast iron cannon balls,. . . 62
PAWLING, LEVI; Letters from,
appointing a place of rendezvous for his regiment 32
informing of the resignation of Z. Rosekrans as ensign and the
election of Moses Depue in his place, 110
asking information relative to the election of certain officers,.. . 130
with a return of officers for the grenadiers, &c. at Marblehead,. 1.50
cnclosin-: return of subaltern officers, 177
asking for the appointment of Joseph Crane as surgeon of his
regiment, 215
relative to the an est of certain persons, 362
informinz of iiis recovery from sickness, 474
PAWLING, ALBl'.RT ; Letter from, recommending the appoint-
mrnt of Philip lloriibcck as lieutenant or ensign, 256
PAWLING; Letters from committee of,
(See Dutchess Counly.)
PAYNE, JAMES W ; Letters from,
oflering to serve in the artillery, 189
asking lemaneralioD for his services^ 226-
536
INDEX.
PEARCE, NATHAN ; Letters from,
informing of a violation of the ordinance relative to the inocula-
tion for the small pox 401
• relative to certain Hour and sail brought from Connecticut, 439
iPEARSON, DAVID ; Letter from, relative to raising troops to
protect the stock at Monlauck, 80
PENDLKTON, EDMUND; Letter from, enclosin? the resolves
of Virginia Convention relative to Independence 206
PERKINS, ABU AH; Letter from, asking an appointment as
surgeon, 113
PETERS, RICHARD; Letters from,
granting a pass to William Douglas, 22
stating the difficulty of procuring a person to make gun flints,. . 430
enclosing the resolves of Congress, relative to returning lists of
the army, 513
PHELPS, ELISHA ; Letters from,
announcing his appointment as commissary by Gov. Trumbull, . 48
relative to supplying the army, 53
relative to forwarding provisions, &c 54
relative to supply of provisions, 70
PHELPS, SOLOMON; Letter from, asking inlormation relative
to the dissolution of the Provincial Congress, 99
PHILLIPS, FREDERICK ; Letter from, exculpating himself
from the charge of being inimical to America, 116
PIENPACK; Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
PIGOT, RT. ; Letter from, granting an exchange for certain pri-
soners, 417
PLATT, ZEPHANIAH, Jr.; Letters from,
with commissions for the officers in the Continental service, .. . 125
asking that the bounty to the troops may be immediately paid,. 279
asking that Capt. Vail's wages may be paid to him, 421
relative to the removal of cattle from the vicinity of Hudson's
river, 488
relative to persons who have been to Ihe enemy, but who are de-
sirous to return to their allegiance, 497
PLATT, RICHARD ; Letter from, giving orders to lake Thomas
Hedding to Esopus, 434
PLENDERLEATH, JOHN ; Letter Irom, explaining the objects
of a certain voyage, 84
POLLARD, JONATHAN; Letters from, accompanying certain
prisoners, 224, 330
POTTER, GILBERT ; Letters from,
asking for commissions for the militia of Huntington, 106
informin? of the landing of the enemy in Sutfolk county, 295
POUGHKEEPSIE ; Letters from committee of.
{See Dutchess County.)
POUNDRIDGE ; Letters from committee of,
(See Westchester County.)
POWELL, WILLIAM ; Letter from, requesting permission to go
onboard the Asia 149
POWELL, JEREMIAH ; Letter from, relative to the paper mo-
ney, 517
PRISONERS ; List of sent to Connecticut, 493
PROVOOST, ROBERT, Jk.; Letter from, requesting to be ap-
pointed paymaster, 250
PROVOOST, REV. S.\MUEL ; Letter from, asking to be excused
from preaching before the Convention on a certain day, . . . 284
PURDY, EUNICE; Affidavit of relative to Godfrey Hains, a
tory, 84
PURDY, EBEXEZER; Letter from, certifying that Cornelius
Steenrod has taken the oath of allegiance, 464
PUTNAM, ISRAEL; Letters from,
relative to persons allowed to visit Ihe jails, 117
relative to the removal of an old house 119
instructions of Gen. Washington to, 119
requesting that troops may be raised, 173
relative to the employment of certain tories on the fortifications
at the Highlands, 206
relative to the security of cattle in Westchester county, 461
relative to the disposition of certain prisoners under sentence of
death 464
recommending that permission be granted to Robert Graham to
export flour to the eastern Stales, 466
enclosing a memorandum of the furniture and wearing apparel
of Mrs. Palmer, whose husband has gone to the enemy, . . . 506
PYE, DAVID : Letters from,
relative to the enlistment of R. Johnstone's company, 67
informing of the desertion of certain soldiers, 83
enclosing an account of the expenses for arresting deserters,. . . 85
returning warrants for raising men 126
recommending certain officers for the army, 129
ft.
QUACKENBOSS, JOHN ; Letter from,
(See Weissenfels, Frederick.)
QUACKENBOSS, HENRY ; Letters from,
covering an invoice of goods, 335
requesting blank commissions for the committee of Rennselaer-
wyck, 415
QUAKERS ; Ancient testimony and principles of, with respect to
the king and his government, 384
..QUEENS COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
of Great Neck, Cow Neck, &c. certifying election of mililia offi-
cers, 88
QUEENS COUNTY ; Letters of committees in, ^^^^
of Newtown, informing of expressions of ceruin persons inimi-
cal to American liberty,
certifying the election of militia officers at Cow Neck and Great
Neck, 239
relative to compliance with resolve of Congress ordering certain
persons to return to New- York, 240
asking a loan of one hundred pounds, 240
of Jamaica, relative to the examination of Nathaniel Mills and
others, 283
enclosing proclamation of Lord and General Howe potted up bv
Sheriff Willett, ....290
of Jamaica, recommending appointment of William Ludlam, Jr.
as captain, 297
asking for a commission for Jacob Totton as lieutenant 301
relative to regulation of companies in the vicinity of Hempstead, 304
of Jamaica, requesting commission for a second lieutenant,..,. 30H
certifying election of officers of the Queens county militia, 467
concerning conduct of certain disaffected persons, 482
QUIGLEY, THOM.\S; Letter from, informing relative to the
movements of the enemy's vessels, and asking a supply of
clothing lor his men, 32J
R.
RAMSAY, PHINEAS; Proceedings of committee of Cornwall
precinct against,
RANDALL, THOMAS; Letters from,
relative to the privateer Putnam,
enclosing a letter from the lieutenant of the schooner Gen. Put-
nam,
RAPELJE, DANIEL; Letter from, giving a list of Ihe King's
couniy troops that have been in service,
RATHBON, VALE.NTINE; Letter from, asking an immediate
supply of ammunition,
RAWSON, CHRISTOPHER &. SON; Letter from to a Boston
merchant
RAYMOND, JEREMIAH ; Letter from, relative to certain infor-
mation of an intended assassination of Gen. Washington,.
REA, MATTHEW; Letter from, requesting commissions for
Siah Robinson and company,
REA, HUGH ; Letter from, praying the exemption from military
duty, of the men employed in the manufacture of scythes,.
REEBER, ANDREAS; Letter from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.)
REED, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
informing of the sailing of the British fleet from Boston,
relative to the disposition of certain prisoners,
accompanying John Alner, arrested on suspicion
requesting a supply of lead for the army at Head-Quarters,. . . .
relative to the disposition of prisoners of war,
REMSEN, HENRY; Letters from,
asking payment for certain saltpetre,
asking information relative to Continental powder,
stating that a person wishes to sell rum to CapU Vandeput, of
the Asia,
covering an account against the Convention,
requesting direction concerning certain goods belonging to the
stale,
asking commissions for officers in Col. Covenhoven's regiment,.
asking the immediate instituiion of a court of admiralty,
RE.MSEN, JEROMUS; Letter from, recommending William
Lawrence as captain,
RENNSELAERWYCK ; Letters from committee of,
(See Albany County.)
REEVES, THOMAS; Evidence of, relative to the distressed
condition of the people of Coshethton,
RHINEBECK: Letters from committee of,
(See Dutchess County.)
RICHMOND COUNTY; Letters of committee of,
staling that a majority of the inhabitants of said county are dis-
inclined to anti-ministerial measures,
recommending John Decker as ensign,
relative to certain persons apprehended by Col. Herd,
certifying the election of two deputies to Congress from said
county,
relative to conduct of William Dunn, who had been recommend-
ed as a lieutenant,
enclosins return of field officers of said county
enclosing minutes of proceedings against certain tories,
informing of readiness to quarter Lord Stirling's troops,
requesline two hundred weight of gunpowder
RICHMOND, WILLIAM; Letter from, enclosing marching or-
ders to Col. Livingston's regiment,
RICKEY', JAMES ; Letter from, relative to an experiment to test
the qualiiv of sulphur and lead,
RICK:MAN, WILLIAM; Letter from, on benalf of the Quaker's
committee of sufferings, declining to number the male mem-
bers of their sect,
RIKJER, ABRAHAM; Letter from, relative to certain persons
enlisted in his company, too small to pass musler,
RITCHIE, WILLIAM; Letter from, requesting leave to ship
flour 1(1 Dartmouth
RITZExMA, RUDOLPHUS; Letters from,
asking the appointment of Dr. Ledger to his regiment
informing of the disastrous results of the attack on Quebec, ....
at'
223
321
269
118
162
239
270
431
54
239
240
308
314
95
122
13:-
224
225
294
299
283
43T
107
113
121
140
145
14>
17fi
188
240
364
356
301
90
114
132
INDEX.
537
PAGE.
RITZEMA, RUDOLPHUS; Letters from,
informing of Gen. Montgomery's defeat and death, 133
requesting pay for his men, 144
asking for arms and colors, 147
relative to filling up the IS'ew-York regiments, 189
requesting thirty muskets which had been purchased by the Ja-
maica committee, 203
urging the immediate filling of the majority in his regiment, .. . 290
RIVINGTUN, JAMES ; Letter from, relative to his suit before
Congress 46
ROBERTSON, ALEXANDER ; Letter from, abusing the keeper
of the Albany jail, 469
ROBINSON, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
relative to collection of evidence against the Queens county to-
ries, 125
commission of, 244
and Noah Smith, recommending William Ludlam, Jr. as captain, 297
ROBINSON, BEVERLY ; Letters from,
relative to the ownership of the lands in the Highlands, on which
the new forts are to be built, 86
relative to the choice of militia officers, 96
ROCHESTER ; Letters from committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
RODGERS, JOHN ; Letter from, declining the appointment of
chaplain, 424
ROGERS, JAMES; Letter from, declining his appointment as
Brigadier-General, on acconnt of his political principles,.. . 32
ROGERS, ROBERT; Letter from, asking permission to go on
board the Governor's ship, , .... 125
ROGERS, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
giving an account of the cruise of the armed sloop Montgomery, 205
giving an account of the capture of a schooner and brig by him, 359
relative to fitting out the sloop Montgomery, 462
explaining the reason of his not having captured certain prizes,. 467
ROMANS, B. ; Letters from,
relative to his rank and pay, 88
remarks of, relative to the fortifications on Hudson's river, 89
relative to the expense ol building the said fortifications and fur-
nishing supplies for the same, 100
estimate of, concerning the expense of the above, 102
m reply to that of the commissioners for building forts in the
Highlands, 104
ROMBOUT ; Letters from committee of,
(iSee Dutchess County.)
ROORBACK, GERRIT ; Letters from,
(See VVeissenfels, Frederick, and Lamb, John.)
to Gen. Lee, relative to a supply of stores, 122
ROORBACK, FREDERICK; Letter from, asking that Mr. Bar-
clay's house may be rented to him, 234
ROORBACK, JOHN ; Letter from, asking an appointment for
John Visscher, his son-in-law, 252
ROOSA, FETRUS ; Letter from, asking relative to his appoint-
ment as lieutenant 404
ROOSEVELT, CORNELIUS C; Letter from, enclosing his ac
count ns commissary for Capt Hamilton's company, 297
ROSE, SAMUEL; Letter from,
(See Marsh, William.)
ROSEHILL, ; Letter from, relative to injurious reports
against him, 164
ROSEKRANS, JAMES; Letters from,
relative to enlistment of men, 66
to Samuel Van Vechten, asking him to serve in his company,. . 66
enclosing certain affidavits, and asking for clothing 66
asking rank, 175
recommending the appointment of Lieut. Lee and Ensign Swart-
wout, 266
ROSS, WILLIAM; Letters from,
(See Ship Sally, letters and papers taken from.)
ROWE, DANIEL ; Affidavit of relative to certain operations in
the expedition to Long Island, 363
RUTGERS, ANTHONY; Letter from, recommending Cornelius
and Henry Becker as lieutenants, 257
RUTGERS, M.\RV ; Letter from, complaining of the committee
of Red-Hook, for compelling her to pay the expense of
transporting certain tory women lo New- York, 381
s.
SACKETT, SAMUEL ; Letter from and others, stating that they
had served as officers in Canada, and asking commissions
in another regiment— that being disbanded, 243
SAG-II ARBOR; Letters from committee of,
(See Suffolk County.)
St. CLAIR, ARTHUR; Letters from,
relative to the state of affairs at Ticonderoga, 463
relative to the operations of the Indians near Ticonderoga, 464
informing of the movements of the enemy near Crownpoint and
soliciting more troops, 503
SALEM ; Letters from committee of,
(See Westchester County.)
SALISBURY, SILVKSTEIl; Letter from, asking advice as to
the disposition of the horsemen under his command, 288
SANDERSON, ROBERT; Examination of, 6
SANDS, JOHN; Letter from, to Hope Mills, demanding the body
of Thomas Wooley, 113
SANDS, BENJAMIN ; Letter from, concerning certain digaffected
persons in Queens county 482
[Vol. II.] 135
SANDS, COMFORT ; Letters from,
relative to bounty money and the public accounts, 209
(3) relative to vouchers, arms, and the commission of Garret
Roorback, 232
relative to the account of Mr. Petit, State door-keeper, 283
recommending the examination of Daniel Redfield, 296
asking an immediate settlement of his accounts with Abraham
Livingston, 319
relative to the settlement of the accounts of Messrs. NichoD,
Palmer, and Payne, 350, 353
enclosing certificate of moneys paid out in Dutchess and West-
chester counties, 424
asking relative to the payment of the account of the Rombout
committee, 425
relative to the settlement of the payrolls and accounts in Dutch-
ess county, 433
relative to the seizure of certain sugar by the authorities of Con-
necticut, 501
SAVAGE, EDWARD; Oaths of office of as sheriff of Charlotte
county, 466
SAWAR, JAMES ; Letter from,
(See Everett, Daniel.)
SCEBER, WILLIAM ; Letter from, asking a supply of money
for Tryon county committee, 507
SCHENCK, HENRY ; Letters from,
recommending Petrus Bogardus as a suitable person to take
charge of the stores at Fishkill, 251
respecting the pork and flour secreted by disaffected persons, . . 447
requesting directions concerning certain salt received by him, . . 468
relative to flour secreted by Philip Verplanck, 472
relative to obtaining possession of a bakery for the Continental
army, 475
SCHENCK, ABRAHAM; Letter from, informing Col. Swart-
wout of his orders to move immediately to Peekskill, 392
SCHENCK, JOHN ; Letters from,
requesting that the Poughkeepsie committee may be reimbiirsed
for their advances, 285
relative to the account of Mr. Patrick, 394
SCHENCK, GUYSBERT ; Letter from,
(See Brickerhofl; Dirck B.)
SCHENCK, JOHN Jr. ; Letters from,
accepting the agency to procure stores for the fortifications on
Hudson's river, 225
relative to an account for preparing fire sloops and scows, .... 259
SCHERMERHORN, REYER ; Letter from, apologizing for his
error in exchanging Continental money for silver, below
par, 402
SCHOHARIE ; Letters from committee of,
(See Albany County.)
SCHOONMAKER, PETRUS ; Letter from, complaining of not
receiving his proper rank, Ill
SCHOONMAKER, CORNELIUS C. ; Letters from,
relative to the choice of Deputies, &.c 199
recommending that Lieut. Jonathan Terwilleger be paid for da-
mages sustained by him from the tories, 449
asking the payment of the account of certain poor persons for
transporting Continental baggage, 451
SCHUYLER, PHILIP; Letters from,
requesting an advance of thirty pounds to Ethan Allen and Seth
Warner, 10
relative to the reception of Gen. Washington, 10
asking a supply of tents, &c. for the troops from Connecticut,. . 11
requesting the appointment of a committee to confer with him,. 11
enclosing an estimate of the military stores needed at Ticonde-
roga and Crown Point, and asking advice of Congress 11
relative to a suitable person to command the sloop on Lake
Champlain, 11
(2) praying a further supply of troops, 12
(2) advising of movements at the north, and asking further aid, 12
praying for troops, and tlie appointment of a deputy adjutant
general, 12
for the immediate forwarding of troops end stores, 13
relative to a controversy with the Green Mountain Boys respect-
ing their field officers, &c 33
relative to the arrest of Sheriff White, of Tryon county, 13
relative to operations in the northern part of the State, 13
relative to Col. Ritzema's regiment, and military operations at
the north, 12
(2) relative to the controversy between Allen and Warner, and
asking a further supply of stores 14
informing of the capture of the fort at Chamblee, 15
informing of the capture of St. John's, ■ 15
informing of the capture of Montreal, 15
relative to the pay of the troops, 15
extract of letter from Jonathan Trumbull to, relative to supply
of the Connecticut troops under his command, 20
to Continental Congress, covering the above letter to J. Trum-
bull, and asking the advice of Congress, 20
relative to the friendly sentiments of the Indians, 43
relative to military movements, supplies, &c 43
enclosing affidavits and asking for a supply of powder, 43
relative to the choice of olHcerB, 76
excusing the detention of Judge Duer in liis service, 1J4
with a list of the officers now in Canada, 121
recommending the conduct of Capt. Wiliett, 121
recommcnning IMr. Paine for an appointment, 121
staling the want of arms and pitch, 123
538
INDEX.
SCHUYLER PHILIP ; Letters Oom,
ia answer to the resolution of Congress relative to warranU,. . . 123
stating the want of arms and blankets lor the Canada regiment, 124
relative to the companies ordered to be raised for the garrison-
ing of !St Johns, I3J
relative to appointing a paymaster at New-York, . . . 134
relative to Capt. Hasbrouck, \ jj4
asking Congress to send up some sailors, ' ' ]7y
tfiving his opinon relative to arranging the array, 190
relative to sending commissions for his officers,. 194
relative to Mr. Faulkner, a prisoner, J96
relative to forwarding supplies, 208
relative to movements of the troops of Sir John Johnson, 209
requesting fifty iron stoves, 231
aanouncing his willingness to permit Lady Johnson to proceed
to New-York, 251
stating liis readiness to co-operate with Gen. Clinton in obstruct-
ing Hudson's river, 251
recommending Capt. McKean and Lieut. French, 251
relative to the proper mode to obstruct the Hudson river, 253
relative to the pay of discharged soldiers 265
ia answer to the resolution of Congress for the raising of a new
af«ny, 268
informing of the condition of the garrison at Ticondcroga, &c. . 314
informing of the disposition of his army in winter quarters, ... 316
announcing the retreat of Gen. Carleton, SIS
asking supplies for the troops at Ticonderoga 336
informing that the enemy has retired into winter quarters, 336
relative to ordering the troops to repel an apprehended attack of
tlic Indians, 339
advising of the destruction of the fleet on Lake Champlain, . . . 344
relative to an inquiry into his conduct, and suggesting a plan for
clothing the soldiers, 2iH
suggesting plans for the thorough discipline of the army, 349
relative to the reinforcement of Ticonderoga, and a talk with
the Indians, 357
relative to the establishment of a fixed price for all commodities
furnished the army, 3gQ
part of letter to, relative to a present aud speech sent by him to
the Seneca Indians, 377
giving information received from Mr. Kirkland, the Indian mis-
sionary, relative to movement of the enemy from Canada,. . 394
asking pay for certain stores, 404
relative to the employment of Major Hoisington's men as scouts, 404
relative to forwarding the militia, 452
to Gen. Washington, stating his need of troops 462
eaclosing letter to Gen. Washington, relative to affairs in the
northern department, 459
urging an immediate reinforcement of the array at Saratoga,.. . 501
relative to marching troops into Tryon county, to bring on a rup-
ture with the Indiiins, 5Q5
enclosing letters to Gen. Washington, and expressing his regret
at the pusillanimous spirit of the people of Tryon county,. . 507
exculpating himself from blame, relative to the evacuation of
Ticondcroga, 5II
relative to an apprehended attack upon Ticonderoga. 514
expressing his regret and mortification at the evacuation of Ti-
conderoga by Gen. St. Clair, 514
relative to the distressed condition of his army, 515
relative to the apprehensions of the people of Tryon ci)Unty, of
an attack from the Indians 5]6
SCHUYLKR, WILLIAM; Letter from, and James McMasleo,
relative to the people of Warrensborou^h, 61
-SCHUYLER, STEPHEN J.; Letter from requesting the dis-
charge of John Clynt from the Fleet Prison, 501
SCHUYLER, PETER ; Letter from, informing thnt the enemy's
ships had passed the Chevaux delrise 350
.SCOTT, JOHN MORIN ; Letters from,
relative to certain military movements of troops under his com-
mand at Haversiraw , 208
relative to the term of service of the troops under his command, 213
requesting barracks for his troops from Westchester. 240
relative to commissions for the officers under his command-; 281
relative to disposion of Willet Taylor, &c 283, 284
recommending the appointment of Lieut. Cole to some vacancy, 302
accompanying a large number of prisoners of war,. 305
transmitting extracts of letters from Head Quarters, 333
<x>rtifying to the good character of Thomas Lawrence, 350
recommending Lieut. Drake for a captain, 369
ordering the march of a regiment, to stop plundering near New
llochelle by Rogers' rangers, , 395
asking a supply of medicines, 396
rscommending the adoption of certain measures, in ease New-
York is evacuated by the eneray, 413
inquirini^ particulars of the defeat at the northern posts, 512
SEAMAN, JEAN ; Letter from, declining an office to go to Peeks-
kill 417
ciEARS, ISAAC; Letters from,
giving his excuse for not attending Congress,. . . < 43
relative to the sale of tea , 144
stating that Gen. Lee had sent him through Queens county in
pursuit of tories, 148
SEEBER, WILLIAM ; Letter from, recommending certain offi-
cers for the troops in Tryon county, 191
.SEELYE, ABNER ; Letter from, resigning his appointment as
captain, 214
SESSIONS, JOHN , Letters from,
enclosing an account of the expenditures of the committees of
Cumberland and Gloucester counties, 421;
asking uilormalion relative to the disposition "of the Continental
Congress to set off a new .State, ^20
SETON, WILLIAM; Letter from, complaining of ouirages com-
inilted by Rogeis' Rangers '^7
SEYMOUR, MOSES; Letters from,
to Gov. Trumbull 22JJ
relative to the sale keeping of two prisoners, , . , 27-1
SHAW, NATHANIEL, Jr.; Letter from and John Dishon rela-
five to post-offices, r.-,
SHAW, DANIEL ; Letters from,
and others, giving bonds to take charge of a privateer, 2W
reconiinendiiig the appointment of cerUin officers to CoL Heyer's
battalion
SHAWANGUNK; Letters fi •om committee of,
(See Ulster County.)
SHERBROOKE, MILES; Parol of, ... . 2W
SHIP SALLY ; Letters and papers taken from on board of,
of Hyde Parker, Jr. to commander of said ship, 155
of William Ross, recommending John Young' to the British au-
thorities,
155
of James Young to his son John, praying him not to join the
enemy, jg^
of Benjamin lioynton to John Young, giving his reasons f"or not
joining the British army, J5(^
second letter of James Young to his son, on the same subject as
the first j5(j
journal of John Young, ]56
letter of William Koss to Mr. Moseley, introducing John Young, 157
" " " to Lieut. Pulteney, 157
" " " to Gov. Tryon and Gen. Howe 157
of H. Parker to M. Shuldham, introducing John Young, 157
SHOOLBUD, JOHN ; Letter from, relative to the abuse of cer-
tain prisoners, Ac , ]65
SICKLi;s, JOHN; Letter from, to Henry Lloyd, relative to cer-
tain certificates of pay, , 165
SILLIMAN, G. SELLICK; Letter from, relative to a boat at
Norwalk, belonging to Shubael Smith, 501;
SILVESTER, P. ; Certificate of, relative to the capacity of John
Williams, g;*
SIM, PETER ; Letter from, relative to the salt springs, 403
SIME, JEAN; Letter from, to her son, James Frazer, 162
SIMPSON, JOHN ; Parol of, 306
SINCLAIR, PATRICK; Letters from,
relative to his detention in Suffolk county, and asking that he
may be exchanged for some prisoner in Quebec, 97
asking permission to go to England, .... 17;'
SIX NATIONS OF INDIANS:
(See Indians.)
SLANDT, CASPAR ; Letters from,
(3) in Dutch, relative to assays in mining, &c , 432, 434
translation ofthesarae, 434
SLEGHT, JOHN H. : Letter from, petitioning that Convention
will put him in possession of a certain bakery, 47;V
SLEGHT, JOHANNIS; Letters from,
covering proceedings of the Kingston committee, relative to
Bergh's sloop, .'jC-
asking information relative to certain acts of Congress, CI
asking a supply of clothing for the soldiers, 77
announcing the appointment of Moses Yeoman as post, 224
asking advice relative to quelling disturbances in Ulster county, 22!»
asking a supply of salt, 232
relative to the removal of the prisoners of war from Kingston,. . 278
relative to the disposition of certain prisoners ... 29s
asking an immediate supply of powder at Kingston, as an attack
from the Indians is apprehended, 305
asking for one hundred pounds to pay for shoes, 317
enclosing a resolve of the Kingston committee, relative to a re-
moval of the tea, &c 319
SMITH, JOHN; Letters from,
(See Cooke, Nicholas.)
and Daniel Tillinghast recommending Messrs. CIttrk and Night-
ingale, 90
SMITH, JOHN ; (a prisoner,) Letters from,
asking that his and the other officers baggage may be returned
to them, - 282
asking to be exchanged, 297
S.MITH, CHRISTOPHER; Letter from, praying to be exempted
from soins to New-York,. IJ-I
SMITH, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
relative to the stock in Sufi'olk county, 65, 7')
informing of the election of certain persons as majors, 92
and Josiah Smith, asking commissions for officers in Suflblk
county, 107
informing Convention that certain tories have supplied the ships
of w.ir with water, oysters and dams, 110
■with a return of minute and artillery officers and asking arms for
themj
requesting a loan of five hundred pounds, 18:;
SMI fH, JOSEPH ; Letter from, asking for employment, 155
S.MITH, JOSIAH; Letters from,
recommending Ephraim Marvin as adjutant, 173
asking that the orders of Convention may be sent to him, 2i.K<
INDEX.
539
PAGE.
SsMiTH, DAVID ; Letter from, enclosing the examination of Isaac
Bates, 180
SMITH, CS. ; Letter from, to Capt. Vandeput, 187
SMITH, JAMES ; Letters from,
resigning his commission as captain of the sloop Schuyler, 207
covering bill of lading, 237
.SMITH, JOSHUA H. ; Letter from, excusing his non-attendance
upon Convention on account of sickness, 268
SMITH, CATHARINE ; Letter from, to her son at Boston 164
SMITH, BENJAMIN; Letter from, asking to be released from
jail, 420
SaMITH, MELANCTON; Letters from,
and Egbert Benson, giving an account of a skirmish near Peeks-
kill, 400
relative to the conduct of three disaffected persons, 468
SMITH, GEORGE; Affidavit of, relative to the expedition to
Long-Island, 363
SNEDEKER, RICHARD; Letter from, excusing his non-attend-
ance upon Convention, in pursuance of their order, 402
SNYDER, JOHANNIS; Letters from,
relative to arms, accoutrements and commissions for the regi-
ment in Ulster county, 144
relative to the effect of a compliance with a resolve of Congress,
on ihe troops under his command, 287
enclosing a return of officers, 324
giving information relative to the number, condition, &c. of the
troops under his command, 325
returning the deficiencies of drafts for his regiment, 435
SOUTHAMPTON ; Letters from committee of,
{See Suffolk County.)
SOUTHOLD ; Letters from committee of,
(See Suffolk County.)
SPEAIGHT, RICHARD; Letter from, asking to be released
from prison, 286
SPENCER, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
relative to tlie confinement and trial of certain tories, 109
informing of the confinement of John Lewis 115
SPOONER, WALTER ; Letter from, inquiring relative to the
condition of Ticonderoga, 72
STAPLE, FRANCIS ; Letter from, to Thomas Wallis, relative
to the movements of the British, 163
STEENROD, CORNELIUS; Letters from,
asking information relative to the pay of his men. Ill
relative to raising a company of horse, 147
asking an extension of time to raise a company, 186
asking the appointment of Isaac Ryckman as second lieutenant, 197
informing that his men are unwilling to stay in barracks, 378
relative to raising a troop of horse, 379
testimony of, relative to purchase of property from Stephen. De-
lancey, 442
complaining of not having received a fair trial, 463
covering certain papers relative to his claim to Stephen Delan-
cey's land, 463
STEPHENS, FRANCIS ; Letters from,
to Gen. Gage, relative to the removal of ordnance, stores, &c.
from New-YorU, 64, 157
to George Wray, relative to a certain account, J58
to Capt. Farrington, on same subject, 159
STEVENS, THOMAS ; Letter from, relative to prisoners sent to
Danbury, 340
STEVENS, SAMUEL ; Letter from, requesting commissions for
the officers in Cumberland county, 143
•STEVENSON, GLORYANA ; Letter from, asking permission to
take possession of a certain farm in Westchester county, . . 431
STEWART, JAMES AND ALEXANDER ; Letter from, asking
permission to finish loading a certain vessel, 64
STILL WELL, FRANCES; Letter from, to her sister Mrs. Cul-
ver, 388
STIRLING, LORD ; Letters from,
requesting a loan of money to purchase provisions, 126
asking a supply of 5.000 cartridges for his troops, 135
relative to the trade of New-Jersey, 135
relative to guns, stores, &c 138
;isking a delivery of muskets to Major De Hart, 140
informing of his march, and requesting accommodations for his
troops, 141
asking direction from Congress relative to the disposition of his
troops, 171
enclosing a copy of certain orders, 177
covering the examination of Craig relative to Thomas Vernon,. 188
STOCKHOLM, AARON; Letter from, and others, giving infor-
mation concerning a conversation amongst some tories in
New- York, 110
.SrOUTENBURGH, ISAAC ; Letter from, and others, relative to
formation of an independent battalion in New- York, 55
STOUTENBUKGH. TOBIAS; Letter from, declining the com-
mand of a rraimenl on account of his great age, 94
.STRINGER, SAMUEI-; Letters from.
relative to troops raised for Ticonderoga, 8cc 41
conveying intelligence relative to movements at the north and
west, 42
on same subject, and asking for supplies of powder, &c 49
.STRONG, ADONIJAH; Letter from, relative to fulfilment of
contract with the Connecticut troops, 49
STUART, WILLIAM ; Inlercepied letter from to Gov. Martin,. 160 ,
PAGE.
STURGES, JONATHAN; Letter from, containing a list of tories
on Long island who have removed from the main land, .... 114
SUFFOLK COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
relative to the establishment of a hospital for the inoculation
for the small pox, 51
relative to security of stock in said county, 65
of Southold for an additional supply of powder, 69
of Southampton for a guard to protect the stock on Montauk,. . 70
of Brookhaven, giving account of conduct of certain tories in
said town, 75
relative to appointing suitable guards to protect the stock on
Long and Gardiner's islands, 79
of Bridgehampton, on the same subject, 80
of Brookhaven, relative to the choice of non-commissioned offi-
cers, 80
certifying election of Messrs. Smith and Brush as majors, 92
of Islip in Huntington, requesting commissions for their militia, 129
with returns of minute and artillery officers, and praying that
seme of them may be provided with arms 136
of Huntington, requesting commissions for officers of militia of
said town, 141
of Easthampton, informing of arrival of fleet of vesssls off
Montauk point, 149
of Sag Harbour, enclosing a list of their cannons and stores,. . . 172
of Huntington, informing of a fleet having been seen in Long
Island sound, 173
of Easthampton, giving same information, 173
requesting the loan of five hundred pounds, 182
of Sag Harbour, enclosing a map of Ihe east end of Long island, 194
of Easthampton, relative to protection of the stock at Montauk, 313
SULLIVAN, JOHN ; Letter from, ordering the militia of Cakiate
to join Gen. Lee at Morristown, 250
SULLIVAN, JAMES ; Letter from, on the subject of regulating
prices of merchandize, &c 373
SUTHERLAND, DAVID D. ; Letter from, relative to disaffection
among the troops in his regiment, 477
SUYDAM, LAMBERT ; Letter from, relative to the tories appre-
hended at Rockaway, 280
SWARTWOUT, JACOBUS; Letters from,
returning muster rolls, &c , 67
with returns of his regiment, 126
relative to the appointment of Capt. Billings to his regiment, .. 127
relative to proposed changes in his regiment, 179
relative to certain commissions, 225
covering the proceedings of a court martial, 247
asking a further supply of troops at Fort Constitution, 265
recommending the appointment of Dr. Osborn to his regiment,. 298
returning oxen and carl which had been pressed, 330
giving certificate in favour of Stephen Duryees, 369
SWARTVVOUD, PHILIP; Letters from,
accompanying Abraham Smith, as a prisoner, 420
enclosing papers relative to the distressed condition of the peo-
ple of Coshethton 437
against the release of Abraham Smith from jail, 447
SYMES, LIEUTENANT; Examination of before the Pennsylva-
nia Committee of Safety, u
T.
TALK, SAMUEL T.; Letter from to his brother, relative to the
operations of the " rebels," 163
TALMAN, JOHN ; Letter from, certifying the election of officers
in Queens county, 467
TAPLIN, JOHN; Letter from, certifying the election of Col.
Bayley to Congress, 67
TAPPEN, CHRISTOPHER: Letters from,
and Joseph Gasherie, relative to the disposal of money paid
into the loan office, 116
and Gilbert Livingston, relative to a report of a new form of
government, &c 280
relative to the preparations of fire combustibles by Capt. Hazle-
wood, 293
TAYLER, JOHN ; Letters from,
relative to the feeling among the people on the New-Hampshire
Grants, 317
recommending the appointment of Capt. Copp to the second bat-
talion, 337
TAYLOR, ANDREW; Letter from, relative to assessments of
carpenters who have enlisted into the service, 498
TAYLOR, GEORGE ; Letter from, in behalf of the ship joiners
at work on board the ship Agnes, 405
TEN BROECK, PKTRUS ; Letters from,
giving instructions to Col. Humphrey, 222
requesting the appointment of field officers for Col. Graham's
regiment 229
TEN BROHCK, AHRAHAM ; Letters from,
relative to certain business before the general committee, 241
requesting Gen. Mifllin to deliver certain goods to the agent of
the New-York Convanlion 262
making application on Continental Congress for clothing for the
levies, 263
asking aid from Gen. Washington to protect the Highlands,. . .. 331
relative to the situation of Henry Cuyler and family 396
respecting nn allowance lo members of the court martials, 446
relative tu furnishing charges against certain prisoners, 52u.
540
INDEX.
PAGE.
TEN BROECK, ABRAHAM ; Letters from,
enclosing proceedings of the court martial held at Albany, 513
informing that Ticonderoga and Mount Independence are in the
hands of the enemy, 515
TEN BROECK, SAMUEL ; Letter from, relative to operations
of the lories on Livingston's manor, 319, 320
TERBOS, DANIEL ; Letters from,
and others recommending Andrew T. Lawrence as lieutenant in
Capt. Duboy's company,. 69
relative to certain iron and rigging taken from vessels sunk at
Fort Washington, 362
THOMAS, THOMAS ; Letters from,
asking a grenadier company for his regiment, HI
insisting that the militia ought not to pay for their powder,. . . . 132
enclosing the examination of Joshua Ferris, 286
certifying the election of deputies in Westchester county, 464
THOMAS, JOHN, Jr. ; Letters from,
relative to ihe support of the poor 218
relative to the examination of certain prisoners, 221
and others, in behalf of Westchester county committee, for relief, 259
enclosing a list of lories arrested in Westchester county 291
enclosing information relative to the contemplated movements
of Gov. Tryon, 302, 303
relative to the resolve of Convention ordering the election of a
new committee in Westchester county, 369
THOMAS, JOHN ; Letter from, asking that certain stolen lea
may be returned to him, 231
THOMPSON, CHARLES ; Letter from, relative to the affairs of
Capt. Sinclair 68
THOMPSON, ISAAC; Letters from,
returning the names of such as refused to join the association in
Islip, 60
requesting commissions for the Islip troops, 129
THOMPSON, WILLIAM; Letters from,
relative to the security of properly in houses occupied by the
troops, 147
requesting 10,000 flints and two tons of lead, 148
THOMPSON, JACK; Letter from, at St. Eustatia, 185
THOMPSON, EZRA; Letters from,
giving the measurement of certain work on the lead mines, .... 253
relative to the work on the mines, 270
relative to smelling lead ore, 393
THOMPSON, SAMUEL; Letter from, covering a draft of the
harbour in Suffolk county 193
THOMSON, CAPTAIN; Information of, relative to troops from
Ireland, 45
THOMSON, CHARLES ; Letter from, enclosing a list of cannon,
&c. taken by Benedict Arnold at Crown-Point, 26
THORNE, RICHARD ; Letter from, exculpating himself from
the charge of having deserted Col. Remsen's regiment, .... 288
THORNTON, MATTHEW ; Letters from,
relative to the destruction of Ticonderoga, 51
enclosing resolution relative to the post-office at Portsmouth,. . . 52
TILGHMAN, TENCH ; Letters from,
relative to a conference with the Indians, 56
announcing the loss of Fort Washington, 230
announcing position of ihe troops at Harlem heights, 254
relative to the passage of ihe enemy's ships up the Hudson river, 254
relative to movements of the enemy's ships, 266
giving information received from Lord Stirling, relative to the
operations of the enemy, ... 267
announcing the retreat of the enemy from Harlem, 268
asking a supply of anchors and cables, 268
informing relative to the operations of the troops, &c 268
relative to movements of the enemy 269, 322
acknowledging the receipt of a letter from the Convention, 316
informing of the condition of his troops, officers, &c 323
urging an immediate supply of stores for the troops, 324
giving an account of the attack upon Harlem heights, 338
enclosing a letter for Gen. Schuyler, 340
enclosing information received from James Budd,. 342
relative to securing a proper place of retreat, if driven from the
Highlands 349
TILLINGHAST, DANIEL ; Letters from,
(See Cooke, Nicholas, and Smith, John.)
TOMPKINS, JONATHAN G.; Letter from, recommending that
Josiah and Isaac Brown be set at liberty, 293
TOMPKINS, JONATHAN ; Letter from, to invest the Westches-
ter committee with power to seize and protect the stock in
that county 465
TOWNSEND, GEORGE ; Letters from,
asking money for Queens county, 240
informing of the treason of Thomas Willett 290
TOWNSEND, SAMUEL ; Report of, and William Smith, relative
to conterence with Gen. Washington, as to measures of de-
fence on Long Island, 273
TRAVIS, JOSEPH; Letter from, asking advice relative to ga-
thering the harvest on Corllandt's manor, 311
TREAT, MALACHY ; Letter from, relative to certain medicines
under his care, 280
TREDWELL, THOMAS; Letter from, excusing his non-attend-
ance upon Convention, 468
TREMPER, JACOB ; Letter from, complaining of the seizure of
certain leather belonging to him, and asking for redress,. . . 460
TROUP, ROBERT ; Affidavit of, relative to the treatment of pri'^*'^
soners by the British army, ^jq
letter from, giving reasons for accepting an appointment from
Gen. Knox, 414
TRUMBULL, JOSEPH ; Letters from,
relative to prohibiting the exportation of certain provisions,. . . 203
acknowledging the receipt of a certain letter, 216
asking for a supply of pork, ' ogv
TRUMBULL, JONATHAN; Letters from,
relative to the defence of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 19
communicating ihe action of the Connecticut Assembly relative
to the same, 29
relative to the same subject, and a supply of provisions, &.c. to
the troops in that quarter, jg 20
to Gen. Schuyler, relative to the supply of the troops under hi« '
command, 20
enclosing extract of a letter from Gen. Schuyler asking for tenU, 20
relative to a supply of tents and pork for the use of the northern
army 20
declining to furnish a supply of powder, on account of an appre-
hended attack by the British fleet, 21
relative to the conveyance of intelligence in cases of alarm, . . . .' 21
relative to an advance of money to Col. Holmes, 28
appointing Elisha Phelps commissary in Albany, . 70
asking the loan of cannon for New Haven, 95
requesting some heavy cannon, 175
giving information concerning the conduct of Isaac Sears, in
plundering Rivington of his types, 202
directing the imprisonment of D. Matthews, .... 275
requesting a speedy removal of the tories sent from ihis State to
Connecticut, 284
relative to the movement of the enemy's ships in Long Island
sound— reinforcing Gens. Lee, and Gates, &c 331
enclosing an account of the expenses for removing certain per-
sons from Long Island, 336
relative to persons sent on parol to Connecticut, 354
giving orders to Cols. Richmond and Livingston's regiments to
proceed to Long Island, 364
asking a supply of arms for the Norwich troops, 401
enclosing an account of Joshua Downer for the maintenance of
two State prisoners, 403
requesting the return of the cannon borrowed from Connecticut,
or pay for the same, 417
relative to prisoners sent from New-York to Connecticut, 487
givine permis.^ion for the manufacture of salt in Connecticut,... 513
TRYOiX, Gov. WILLIAM; Letters from,
(See Ship Sally, letters and papers taken from.)
requesting Dr. Inslis to take charge of a certain packet, 252
TRYON COUNTY; Letters of committees in,
of Palatine district relative to influence of the Johnson family
upon the people of that district 33
recommending appointment of certain military officers, 61
applying to Congress for instructions for the action of their com-
mittee, 66
covering resolves of said committee and a return of militia offi-
cers, 78
transmitting notice of election of a new sheriff, 81
relative to the conduct of Sir John Johnson, 96
requesting the loan of five hundred pounds, 129
empowering either of their deputies to represent the county in
Congress, 142
recommending officers to the new regiments raised in said
county, 191
relative to the conduct of Capt. John AVinn in killing one of his
men, 213
urging an immediate supply of money for the use of the county, 269
relative to the disposal of the persons and property of the tories
in the jail of said county, 415, 416
relative to prisoners sent to Kingston, &c 416
applying for troops for the defence of the county, 458
informing of discovery of a great body of tories in the northern
part of the county, 473, 474
asking a loan of one thousand pounds, 507
of Harpersfield, relative to attack upon Tunadilla by Brant and
his Indians, 509
setting forth their deplorable condition and praying for troops to
protect them from the enemy, 518
TUCKER, SAMUEL ; Letters from, relative to the transmission
of intelligence, 36
informing that Col. Heard has been sent to protect the stock on
Staten Island, 131
relative to the licenses of certain vessels to carry lumber, 135
relative to three men escaped from Gov. Tryon's ship, 167
TUDER, SAMUEL ; Letters from,
relative to work done on the ships, 255
asking a supply of tar for the rigging of the ships, 261
relative to a compliance with a resolve of the Convention for fit-
ting out vessels of war, 332
asking a supply of money, 357
receipt of, to Francis Lewis for $10,000, 425
TYACK, ELIZABETH; Letter from, to her husband 166
TYSEN, JOH.V ; Letter from, and others, informing of the state
of feeling in Richmond county, 107
INDEX.
541
U.
PAGE.
ULSTER COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
of Kingston, covering their proceedings relative to Bergh's sloop, 36
of Kingston, asking advice relative to a resolve of Congress con-
cerning formation of military companies, 61
informing that the soldiers are unwilling to march without a
supply of clothing 77
relative to discharge of Messrs. Botts and Blackner, two prison-
ers, 113
stating the progress of companies raising for Continental ser-
vice, 113
enclosing the examination of Lemuel Monger, a money maker,
and asking advice how to dispose of him, 118
of Marbletown, relative to a difficulty in choosing officers to the
company in said township, 130
of Kingston, acknowledging the receipt of three prisoners sent
by Capt. Van Wyck, 137
of Marbletown, with return of officers for grenadiers, and a
company of militia, 150
of Kingston, recommending certain officers to be appointed to
Capt. Hasbrouck's company, 154
relative to two sets of credentials sent down by their members
to Congress, 198
informing of refusal of Col. Nicoll to furnish them with powder
pursuant to the order of Congress, 200
communicating information of an apprehended attack upon peo-
ple of Coshecton, 216
informing of having hired a man to go express to and from Con-
vention, 224
relative to atrocious acts of certain persons in breaking open
houses and stores in search of tea, 229
summoning Cadwallader Colden to appear before the committee, 245
of Cakiate, informing of inability to comply with order of Gen.
Sullivan to march their militia to join Gen. Lee at Morris-
town, 250
of Hurley, requesting pay for certain guns, &c. purchased by
the committee, 267
of Shawangonk, requesting commissions for Siah Robinson and
company, 270
of Kingston, informing of new difficulties with the prisoners of
war, 278
relative to granting limited parols to sundry prisoners, 298
enclosing minutes and proceedings of committee relative to Cad-
wallader Colden, 303
of Kingston, requesting immediate supply of powder, 305
relative to conduct of Col. Hardenburgh as treasurer of the
county, 307
of Rochester, for a supply of salt, 316
of Kingston, enclosing resolution of committee against the re-
moval of tea, 319
recommendation in favour of Moses Yeoman, 339
relative to conduct of persons appointed to purchase salt, 354
of Kingston, for a guard to protect the prisoners at that place,. 382
recommending appointment of Nicholas Fish as major, 39S
asking directions concerning the goods of Cornelius Clopper, . . 406
relative to discharge of prisoners by a tory committee, 412
of Kingston, to Caspar Slandt, chemist, relative to manufacture
of sulphur, 416
relative to examination of Jan Freer and sons for having car-
ried letters to the enemy, 419
of Mamacotting, accompanying Abrahain Smith, a confederate
of the tories, 420
usking money to defray expenses for a night watch at Kingston, 424
of Marbletown, stating the case of Cornelius Sammons, 430
of Hurley, requesting- the removal of certain Canadians, 430
of Mamacotting, enclosing affidavit of John More relative to
discovery of a plot, 437
of Mamacotting, enclosing affidavit of Thomas Reeves relative
to situation of the inhabitants of Coshelhton, 437
of Hanover precinct, enclosing testimony against Hugh Dough-
ardy, a tory, 447
of Pienpack, against the release of Abraham Smith, 447
of Rochester, ordering the arrest of certain disaflected persons, 448
relative to compensating Lieut. Jonathan Terwilleger for losses
sustained from Roosa's rangers, 449
asking for the pay of persons who transported the Continental
baggage, 451
V.
VAN ALSTYNE, MATTHEW ; Letter from to his brother, ... . 170
VAN ALSTYNE, PRTER; Letter from, and others, stating that
the people of Kinderhook object to the issue of any process
in the King's name, 182
VAN CORTLANDT, I'lHMP; Letter from, recommending Tho-
mas Thomns ns (|UfirtPr-m:)Rter 112
VAN C0RTI,AN1)T, AUGU.STUS ; Letter from, relative to the
safe disposition of the public lecords, 78
VAN CORTLANDT, PIEIiHE; Letters from,
relative to the treatment of discharged soldiers, 209
enclosing resolutions of the Committee of Safety respecting the
more effectiml ol)struction of Hudson river, 210
and Zeplia Piatt, relative to depredations committed by the ene-
my near Croton 289
giving information of military operations near the Highlands, '2d9, 30S
[Vol. II.] 136
P\6£
VANDEPUT, GEORGE ; Letter from, explaining the reason of "
his having fired upon the battery, g5
VANDERBURGH, JAMES; Letter I'rom, relative to the"disobe-
dience of orders by a company in Col. Humfrey's regiment, 421
VANDERVOORT, PETER; Letter from, complaining of the
seizure of some sugars belonging to him, by the authorities
of Connecticut, 517
VAN GAASBECK, PETRUS ; Letters from,
relative to expenses incurred in apprehending tories on Livings-
ton's manor, 320
enclosing muster roll and letter from Peter R. Livingston, 338
VAN HOESE, RYNIER ; Letter from, praying to be released from
imprisonment, 241
VAN HOOK, ARONDT; Letter irom, soliciting a captaincy,."." ! 136
VAN HOOK, ISAAC, Jr. ; Letter from, asking to be appointed to
some office, 355
VAN NESS, JOHN ; Letter from, appointing a place of rendez-
vous, . 35
VAN NESS, PETER; Letters from,
covering a pay roll, 323
and others, for tlie appointment of officers to a company to pro-
tect them from disaffected persons in Claverack district,. . . 420
VAN RENNSELAER, HENRY ; Letter from, requesting a sup-
ply of twine and lead, 225
VAN RENNSELAER, HENRY I.; Letter from, resigni'ng the
office confered upon him by Convention, and recommending
Leonard Gansevoort, Jr. in his place, 404
VAN RENNSELAER, H, AND SONS; Petition of, for p"erm'is-
sion to erect a powder mill, jgg
VAN RENNSELAER, ROBERT; Letter from, relative 'to' the
disaffection prevailing in his regiment, 451
VAN SCHAACK, H. ; Letters from,
complaining of being conveyed as a prisoner to Hartford jail,. . 215
and others complaining of unjust treatment as prisoners, and of
their confinement in the Albany tory jail, 290
VAN SCHAACK, PETER; Parol of, "432
VAN SCHAICK, GOOSE ; Letters from,
recommending Tobias Van Vechten as lieutenant, 36
accompanying two prisoners, 36
asking for immediate supplies for the army, 37
with returns of his regiment, 68, 398
and others asking a supply of colours and arms, 233
recommending Nathaniel Henry and others as officers, 261
asking for a surgeon to attend the sick of his regiment, 374
recommending several persons as officers, 393
with a return of the first New-York regiment, 399
covering list of prisoners of war, 440
accompanying seven prisoners, 502
VAN SLYCKj HARMANUS; Letter from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.)
VAN VECHTEN, SAMUEL; Letters from,
to James Rosekrans, consenting to serve in his company, 66
offering to serve under Col. Van Cortlandt, 68
resigning his lieutenancy, 78
VAN VEGHTEN, ANTHONY; Letters from,
(See Yates, Christopher P.J
enclosing poll list of an election in the Mohawk district 466
VAN WAGENER, JACOBUS ; Letters from,
complaining that the members of the Rochester committee are
drafted into the service 407
praying that a guard may be established at Rochester, 448
VAN WYCK, THEODORUS, Letters from,
asking leave to resign his seat in Congress, 95
informing that certain estates are to be sold for interest due,. . . 243
VAN WYCK, CORNELIUS; Letter from, communicating intel-
lisence concerning the movements of the enemy, 293
VAN ZANDT, JACOBUS; Letters from,
requesting a guard for certain Congress money, 88
recommending Abraham Godwin, 132
VARICK, RICHARD ; Letters from,
at Ticonderoga, 35
enclosing copy of a letter from Gen. Arnold to Gen. Gates 488
informing of the evacuation of Ticonderoga, and the retreat of
the troops to Skeensborough, 516
VER BRYCK, H. V. D. L. ; Letter from, to Geo. Clinton, asking
a dismissal from the service 279
VERNON, THOMAS; Letters from,
asking support while in prison, 185
praying to be released, 189
offerin:; every assistance in his power to America, 189
VISSCHER, MATTHEW ; Letters from,
relative to the movements at St. Johns, and the election of depu-
ties in Albany, 99
recommending the appointment of Thomas Thomas as quarter-
master, 112
enclosing letter and examination of Benjamin Hilton, 190
informingof the evacuation of Crown- Point, 231
certifying the election of deputies to Provincial Congress from
Albany county 23S
givins minutes of the proceedings of the Albany committee rela-
tive to certain disaffected persons, 243
requesting the use of the stove, (kc. belonging to the Presbyte-
rian Church in Albany 2d'*
urging the adoption of measures to prevent the tories from buy-
ing up all tlie wheat 351
recommending John Hamtramck, 3^
642
INDEX.
PAGE.
VISSCHER, MATTHEW ; Letters from,
enclosing draft on the Convention for one thousand pounds,.... 453
enclosing a letter from the Tryon county committee, 458
asking a pass for John Monier to go to New-York, 487
relative to operations of the troops to the northward and on
Hudson's river, 487
enclosing letters relative to military movements at the north,.. . 508
VISSCHER, JOHN ; Letter from, relative to an advertisement for
certain lost money 387
VIRGINIA; Resolves of Convention of in favor of Independence, 206
w.
WADSWORTH, SAMUEL ; Letter from,
(See Wyllis, Samuel.)
WADSWORTH, JAMES; Letter from, attesting resolve to per-
mit the erection of salt works in Connecticut, 513
WAITE, BENJAMIN ; Letters from,
(See Williams, William.)
informing that his company refuses to march, 502
WALES, NATHANIEL; Letters from,
and Thaddeus Burr, offering to carry messages to the Governor
of Connecticut, 24
and others, asking information relative to certain measures of
Congress, 30
WALKER, BENJAMI.X ; Letters from,
requesting a supply of clothing, &c 256
relative to the conduct of Ensign Cregier, 499
WALKILL ; Letters of committee of,
(See Orange County.)
WALLACE, HUGH ; Parol of, and others, not to bear arms
against America, 356
WALLACE, ALEXANDER; Letter from covering inventory of
the plate of Hugh Wallace, 237
parol of, 264
WARD, ARTEMAS ; Letter from, and others, asking a supply
of powder for the troops at Cambridge, 10
WARD, STEPHEN ; Letters from,
and Joseph Drake, recommending Samuel T. Pell as second lieu-
tenant, 72
asking information respecting the resolve of Convention re-
specting hides, 325
and others, the committee of sequestration of Peekskill, defend-
ing their conduct in discharging the duties of their station.. 440
WARING, SOLOMON; Letter from,
(See Morey, Joseph.)
WARREN, JOSEPH; Letters from,
enclosing letter from Col. Arnold, relative to military stores at
Ticonderoga, &c. and praying the speedy action of Con-
gress on the subject, 9
and Artemas Ward and others, asking a supply of powder for
the troops at Cambridge 10
informing of the action of Congress at Watertown relative to
the defence of the frontiers, 49
enclosing resolutions of the Watertown Congress, relative to
postriders, 5], 52
WASHINGTON, GEORGE ; Letters from,
address of Provincial Congress to, upon his appointment to the
command of the army, 1
reply to the same, 1
to Provincial Congress in answer to a request for commissions, 1
giving an account of the condition of the British army in Boston,
and also relative to the conduct of the owner of a vessel la-
den with provisions which was taken to Boston, 2
relative to the capture of the " Charming Sally," and a supply
of ammunition to the army at Boston, 2
(2) informing of the sailing of certain vessels from Boston, the
recall of Gen. Gage and the arrival of Gen. Howe,
transmitting certain inlormation obtained from Pearson Jones,
relative to the intention of the enemy, -
relative to miliary stores and requesting assistance to Mr. Hen-
ry Knox, the special deputy on that subject, 3
relative to the sailing of the British expedition from Boston, ...
transmitting letter from Pearson Jones, relative to an attack on
Falmouth, 91
relative to the disposition of persons unfriendly to America, . . . 107
relative to the discharge of prisoners, 109
informing of the necessity of assigning posts to the militia in the
city, 112
giving instructions to Gen. Putnam, relative to the arrest of lo-
ries on Long Island, 119
relative to the fitting out of an expedition from Boston, 137
relative to the militia being ready, &c , 177
to Lord Stirling, 182
advising the immediate removal of stock from the coast, 195
directing that provisions be purchased with Continental money, 202
in answer to a resolution of Congress, thanking him for his ser-
vices, 204
announcing the surrender of Fort Washington, 208
giving an account of the landing of the enemy on York island,. . 217
informing of the result of the operations of the troops, and urg-
ing new enlistments for the army, 257
relative to the city of New-York, 272
relative to removing stock and grain from Long Island, 273
to Abraham Gates, relative to furnishing assistance to Gen.
Woodhull, 277
FACE.
WASHINGTON, GEORGE ; Letters from,
to Convention and answer thereto, relative to removal of the
women and children from New-York, 277
giving his assent to the parol of Willet Taylor, 278
m reply to the resolves of the Convention, and recommending
Gen. Clinton to take the command of the new levies in New-
York, -nj.^
enclosing order to deliver powder to the Convention, 302
returnmg thanks to Convention for their co-operation with him. 302
urgmg the adoption ol immediate measures to prevent the far-
ther progress of the enemy's ships up the Hudson river, .. . 312
relative to measures to stop the spread of the small pox, 360
recommending that Lt. Col. Rinier be appointed to Col. Living-
ston's regiment, 3gj
recommending the adoption of severe measures to punish those
who harbor deserters, 357
communicating his apprehensions for the safety ol Ticonderoga,
367
acknowledging receipt of the examination of sundry persons,.. . 397
relative to recruiting and arming new battalions, 406
desiring Gen. Clinton to post troops near the North river to pre-
vent an apprehended movement of the enemy, 428
recommending that executions be not made too common, but con-
fined to the most notorious, 455
giving reasons for abandoning Long-Island, and complaining of
the conduct of the militia, 4^5]
relative to an exchange of officers, 438
suggesting an extension of the time to Gen. Clinton, to call out
the militia ol' certain counties, 503
WATERBURY, DAVID, Jr. ; Letter from, relative to the accom-
modation ol' certain troops in barracks, ]36
WATSON, JACOB ; (2) Letters from, relative to the sale of cer-
tain salt, 252, 253
WATSON, BROOK; Letters from,
praying that the Colonial troops may not be permitted to march
into Canada, 26
asking for letters to facilitate his passage into Canada, 27
WATTS, JOH.N ; Letter Irom, relative to the recovery of a boat
which had been stolen from him, 244
WEBB, JA.MES ; Letter from, introducing a Mr. Smith to his
brother and sister, 166
WEBSTER, ALEXANDER ; Letter from, enclosing the oaths of
office taken by the Sheriff, Clerk and Judge of Charlotte
county 465
WEISSENEELS, FREDERICK; Letters from,
and others asking for commissions in the military service, 27
recommending .Mr. Pelton as ensign in Capt. Rikcrs' company,. 301
recommending officers to fill the places of those refusing to serve, 326
recommending Dr. Graham's son and others, 363
WEST, DIANA; Letter from to Capt. Stewart, a British officer, 161
WESTCHESTER COUNTY ; Letters of committees in,
relative to importance of appointing officers to the militia who
are staunch friends of the country, 54
with return of officers elected in the several towns of said county, 62
relative to granting a commission to Capt. Cock, 80
accompanying Godfrey Hains, a tory, 84
enclosing returns of a company of minute men, 90
enclosing information against certain tories in said county, 95
of Whiteplains, complaining that the militia are compelled to
pay for their own powder, 132
of New-Rochelle, accompanying Joshua Gidney, detected in
spiking the cannon, ]39
of Salem, for information relative to proper proceedings against
persons who have forfeited their bonds, 196, 204
relative to providing houses for the maintenance of the poor, &c, 218
enclosing examination of sundry prisoners, 221
setting forth distressed condition of people of the county, and
asking protection from Rogers' rangers, 259
requesting the recal of Capt. Townsend's company, 289
asking direction concerning the disposal of prisoners confined in
jail of said county 291, 295
of New-Rochelle, accompanying Mr. Redfield lately escaped
from the enemy, 296
enclosing several depositions relative to contemplated movements
of the enemy 302
of Poundridae, informing of their fears of the rescue of prisoners
confined with them, 322
of Bedford, relative to the poor removed there from New-York, 339
of Cortlandt manor, relative to an attempted monopoly of the
wheat and flour in that vicinity, 359
of Bedford, enclosing resolves of said committee relative to sale
of ardent spirits, &c 360
of Kingstreet, relative to election of a new committee in said
county, 369
requesting an immediate reinforcement to protect the forage in
said county, 375
certifying the election of deputies to represent said county in the
Convention, 464
WETHERHEAD, JOHN; Letter from, exculpating himself from
charges of having given certain intelligence to Capt. Van-
deput, 82
WETMORE, PROSPER ; Letter from, relative to the case of
William Moffat, and the support of prisoners, 353
WHITE, JOHN; Letter from, relative to deserters, 215
WHITEPLAINS ; Letters from committee of,
(See Westchester County.)
INDEX.
543
PAGE.
WHITING, W. B.; Letter from, asking assistance and advice
against the tories, 234
WHITE, HENRY ; Letter from, relative to an intercepted letter
from Gov. Martin to, 29
WICKES, THOMAS; Letters from,
asking commissions for militia of Huntington, 141
announcing the arrival of a certain fleet 173
WILCOCKS, ALEXANDER; Letter from, recommending the
enlistment of seamen in New-York, 149
WILKIN, WILLIAM; Letter from, relative to a powder mill at
Walkill, 322
WILKINSON, ROBERT ; Letters from
asking the forgivness of Congress, 62
to Major Hamilton, 62
WILKINSON, WILLIAM; Receipt of, for the safe delivery of
certain goods, 359
WILKINSON, JAMES ; Letter from, giving an account of an ac-
tion between Gens. Gates and Burgoyne. 492
WILLARD, AARON ; Letter from and others, of Cumberland
county, relative to a separation from New-York, 214
WILLETT, MARINUS ; Letters from,
(See Weissenfels, Frederick.)
and others, praying for an allowance of clothing and arms, 31
resigning his warrant, 189
recommending; Christopher Hutton, as surgeon 329
enclosing letter from Rlajor Goforth, declining his appointment, 357
asking a supply of money, 413
relative to the estates of tories, raising new battalions, &c 433
relative to the conduct of Capt. Houston and the confinement of
Lt. Bowcn, 438
WILLIAMS, WILLIAM ; Letters from,
annd others, accepting the appointments conferred upon them,. . GO
enclosing a resolve of the Legislature of Connecticut for the re-
payment of certain cannon loaned, if the same should have
been lost, 95
stating the unwillingness ot his men to serve under the State of
New- York, 431
WILLIAMS, Ezekiel ; Letters from,
relative to certain privileges granted to prisoners sent from New-
York to Connecticut, 352
enclosing letter from Mr. Halsey, relative to Mr. Francis, 353
WILLIAMS, JOHN; Letters from,
setting forth his talents and experience as a surgeon, and com-
plaining of his non-appointment to Col. Van Schaick's regi-
ment, 62
certificate of P. Silvester relative to. 63
complaining of not being appointed surgeon, 63
relative to commissions for the officers, 194
desiring to be excused from attending Congress, 207
and others certifying the election of certain officers in Queens
county, and asking for their commissions, 304
enclosing resolves of Charlotte county committee, 338
asking respecting the election of Governor and Lieutenant Go-
verner, 443
oaths of office of as Judge of Charlotte county, 466
enclosing a pamphlet circulated among the people on the New-
Hampshire Grants, 518
WILLIAMS, THOMAS ; Letter from, relative to the operations
of Col. Smith's regiment, 228
WILMOT, HENRY ; Letters from,
enclosing the examination of Sloane, Clark and others, 282
enclosing the bonds of two disaffected persons, 299
forwarding a certain important letter, 299
WILSON. RICHARD ; Examination of before the Pennsylvania
Committee of Safety, 6
WILSON, ARCHIBALD ; Letter from, asking leave to enlist in
the Continental service 496
WINTER, JOSHUA ; Letter from, recommending William Leary
as major, 203
WISNER, HENRY; Letters from,
(See Congress, Continental : Letters from Delegates in.)
relative to a supply of salt pctre, 85
enclosing certain military articles, 85
relative to powder mill 167
giving an account of his powder mill, &.C 174
announcing the Declaration of Independence, 236
and Gilbert Livinjston, suggesting a proper place to extend the
chain across Hudson's river, 315
askin<; relative to the appropriation of certain live stock, ..... 333
relative to the operations of the troops, condition of the fortifi-
cations, &c, at the Hishlands, 341
relative to stationing troops at Tarrytown 311
asking for troops to arrest tories, 348
recommendation in favor of William Bull . 414
enclosing the oaths of allegiance and office of the sheriflT of
Orange county, 453
WODHULL, RICHARD; Letter from, and Samuel Thompson,
asking information concerning certain oflficers, 80
WOODARD, NATHANIEL; Letter from, resinging his lieute-
nancy, . / *
WOODEN, HENRY ; Letter from, defending himself agamst the
cliarce of beins unfriendly to America, 375
WOODHULL, JESSE; Letters from,
to Gen. Clinton, asking his influence to procure the pardon of
two persons con<lcmned by a court martial 361
oaths of allegiance and office of, as sheriflf of Orange county,. . . 453
_ PAGE.
WOODHULL, NATHANIEL ; Letters from,
in answer to the resolutions of the Continental Congress, rela-
tive to the pay of the eastern forces, &c 204
asking an immediate reinforcement at Jamaica, 273, 274
relative to the movements of the enemy in Queens county, 273
WOODRUFF, HUNLOKE ; Letter from, relative to his appoint-
ment as surgeon, 207
WOOLCOMBE, JOSEPH; Parol of, 237
WOOL, JEREMIAH ; Letters from,
(See Stoutenburgh, Isaac.)
asking to be heard concerning the money makers, 147
WOOSTER, DAVID , Letters from,
to Provincial Congress, acknowledging the receipt of Angus Mc-
Donald, a prisoner, 8
relative to the destination of certain troops, 8
relative to the defence of New-York, 8
relative to the enlistment of apprentices and indented servants,. 8
relative to the disposal of Peter Herrin, who had assisted in the
escape of a prisoner, 8
requesting advice and assistance to remove the Connecticut
troops to Harlem, 8
enclosing important intelligence from Gen. Washington, and re-
commending that a good guard be kept in Queens county,. . 9
declining to employ his troops in the erection and defence of the
batteries at the Highlands, 9
of Thaddeus Burr to, giving an account of the battle of Breed's
HiU. 24
relative to the employment of a portion of his troops in defence
of the fortifications on the Hudson river, 80
enclosing letter from Capt. Grant, requesting a speedy reinforce-
ment 369
WRAGG, RICHARD ; Letter from, praying to be released from
prison, 502
WYCKOFF, HENDRICK; Letter from, asking whether it is the
pleasure of the Convention to contmue him as commissary, 332
WYLLIS, SAMUEL ; Letter from, and Samuel Wadsworth, rela-
tive to the establishment of post-offices, 52
WYNKOOP, CORNELIUS D. ; Letters from,
asking commission for George Graham, as surgeon's mate, .... 117
recommending Moses Yournans, 192
WYNKOOP, JACOBUS ; Letters from,
(See Weissenfels, Frederick.)
complaining of not having received a suitable appointment,. ... 76
relative to his pay and arrangement as commodore of the lake,. 495
WYNKOOP, D. Jr. ; Letter from, informing of a violation of the
ordinance relative to the sale of leather, by Jacob Tremper, 460
WYTHE, GEORGE; Letter from, and others, relative to out-
rages committed by the ministerial troops, 19
Y.
YATES, CHRISTOPHER P. ; Letters from,
notifying Congress that he has enlisted a company in Tryon
county, 23
and others relative to the deplorable condition of Tryon county, 33
YATES, ABRAHAM, Jr. ; Letters from,
relative to the examination of Gen. Sullivan, 23
coverino: letters from Capt. Edmeston, relative to military pro-
motions 54
relative to certain proceedings with the Six Nations, 59
(2) concerning certain prisoners from Tryon county, 73
relative to demands on the Albany committee for supplies, 77
recommending that permission be given to H. Van Rennselaer
and Sons to erect a powder mill, , 169
complaining of the want of money 169
relative to furnishing certain army supplies, 183
acknowledging the receipt of a resolve relative to the militia,. . 200
informing of an apprehended attack from the Indians, 203
relative to the retreat from Ticouderoga, and the movements of
Gen. Burgoyne, 506
enclosing letter to the Council of Safety, 512
enclosing letter from the Tryon county committee, relative to the
movements of Brant and his Indians 518
YATES, WILLIAM; Letter from, relative to provisions for the
prisoners 67
YATES, ROBERT; Letters from,
recommending that room be left for the Tryon county company,
should Gen. Schuyler recommend them, 251
recommending the appointment of liarent J. Ten Eyck, as captain, 254
recommending the appointment of Jeremiah C. Muller 263
recommeniling J(.hn and Thomas McKinster, as captain and
lieutenant, 265
recominendins Nich. Fish as major to Col. Cortlandt's regiment, 398
YOUNG, JOHN; Letters from,
(Sec Ship Sally, Letters and papers taken from.)
YOUNG, JAMES; Letters from,
(See Ship Sally, Letters and papers taken from.)
YOUNG, TIIOM.AS; Letter from, enclosing a map of the cast
end of Lona Island, 194
YOUNG, VVILLl.\M; Letter from, accompanying the complaint
ncainst Hush Doughnrdy, 447
YOUNGLOVE, JOHN ; I ctters from,
asliins information relative to the sequestration of the estates of
lories in the ndi lhcrn dcp.Trlment, 351
nskinsr for extra nllownnce as cominissioncr of sequestration in
the northern department, 457
relative to movements of the enemy near Stillwater, 471
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